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The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Scientific and Media Articles based on Major Keyword - Mineral Chemistry
The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation is compiled by Patricia Sheahan who publishes on a monthly basis a list of new scientific articles related to diamonds as well as media coverage and corporate announcements called the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service that is distributed as a free pdf to a list of followers. Pat has kindly agreed to allow her work to be made available as an online digital resource at Kaiser Research Online so that a broader community interested in diamonds and related geology can benefit. The references are for personal use information purposes only; when available a link is provided to an online location where the full article can be accessed or purchased directly. Reproduction of this compilation in part or in whole without permission from the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service is strictly prohibited. Return to Diamond Keyword Index
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Scientific Articles by Author for all years
Each article reference in the SDLRC is tagged with one or more key words assigned by Pat Sheahan to highlight the main topics of the article. In an effort to make it easier for users to track down articles related to a specific topic, KRO has extracted these key words and developed a list of major key words presented in this Key Word Index to which individual key words used in the article reference have been assigned. In most of the individual Key Word Reports the references are in crhonological order, though in some such as Deposits the order is first by key word and then chronological. Only articles classified as "technical" (mainly scientific journal articles) and "media" (independent media articles) are included in the Key Word Index. References that were added in the most recent monthly update are highlighted in yellow.
If you thought articles tagged as Mineralogy were a black hole best avoided, then you know that you must never click on the section for scientific articles tagged as Mineral Chemistry. Many of these articles were written by hyper-specialized academics, some of whom are evil enough to embed the word "diamond" in the title in a desperate ploy to get at least one non-AI entity to read it. But most of the writers are honest and do give us warning titles such as "Crystallographic preferred orientation of wadsleyite and ringwoodite: effects of phase transformation and water on seismic anisotropy in the mantle transition zone".
Ilmenite Association Trace Element Studies. Pt. 1. Mineralogy and Rare Earth Geochemistry of an Ilmenite Clinopyroxene Xenolith from the Monastery Mine.
Maseru: Lesotho Nat. Dev. Corp. Lesotho Kimberlites Editor N, PP. 224-229.
The Identification of Diamonds from the Premier, Finsch And jagersfontein Mines by Statistical Analysis of Dat a Obtained from Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis.
Johannesburg: Nat. Institute Met. Report, No. 1652, 29P.
Aspects of the Geochemistry of Kimberlites from the Premier mine and Other Selected South African Occurrences with Particular Reference to the Rare Earth Elements.
Physics and Chemistry of the Earth., Vol. 9, PP. 687-707.
The Effect of Analytical and Experimental Errors on Temperature and Pressure Estimates Based on Analyses of Pyroxenes From Garnet Lherzolite Xenoliths in Kimberlites.
Stability Field of Knorringite Mg3 Chromium 2 Si3 012 at High Pressure and its implication to the Occurrence of Chromium Rich Pyrope in the Upper Mantle.
Physics of The Earth And Plan. Interiors, Vol. 27, PP. 263-272.
high pressure EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ONA KATUNGITE and THEIR BEARING on the GENESIS of SOME POTASSIUM RICH MAGMAS of the WEST BRANCH of the AFRICAN RIFT.
Journal of PETROLOGY, Vol. 24, PT. 2, PP. 166-187.
The Alleged Kimberlite-carbonatite Relationship: Evidence from Ilmenite and Spinel from Premier and Wesselton Mines and the Benfontein Sill, South Africa.
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 85, No. 2, PP. 133-140.
Osmimum, Strontium, neodymium and lead isotope systematics of Southern african peridotite xenoliths: implications for the chemical evolution of subcontinental mantle
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 53, pp. 1583-1595
Mantle xenoliths from the Quaternary Pali-Aike volcanic field of southernmost South America: implications for the accretion of Phanerozoic continentallithosphere
Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 395-397
Peru, South America
Petrochemical, mineral chemistry, geothermometry, Basalts
Changing phase relations -mineral chemistry during ascent the Prairie Creek olivine lamproite, demons. by high pressure- high temp. suprasolidusexperiments.
Geological Association of Canada (GAC)/Mineralogical Association of Canada/Society Economic, Vol. 16, Abstract program p. A130
Complementary HFSE-ULE variations in clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, olivine and garnet from peridotite xenoliths: an appraisal enriched mantlecompositions
Geological Society of America (GSA) Abstracts with programs, 1992 Annual, Vol. 24, No. 7, abstract p. A259
Tertiary (preglacial) gravel formations -an aggregate and placer gold resource of heavy mineral indicator data
The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bulletin (CIM Bulletin) , Annual Meeting Abstracts approximately 10 lines, Vol. 86, No. 968, March POSTER ABSTRACT p. 68
Reconnaissance till mineral and geochemical survey northern Alberta:preliminary results of orientation survey
Mid-continent diamonds Geological Association of Canada (GAC)-Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Symposium ABSTRACT volume, held Edmonton May, pp. 101-106
Till geochemistry and mineralogy, northern Alberta: preliminary report
The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bulletin (CIM Bulletin) , Annual Meeting Abstracts approximately 10 lines, Vol. 86, No. 968, March POSTER ABSTRACT p. 68
The track record for diamond indicator minerals: a summary of casehistories
The Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bulletin (CIM Bulletin) , Annual Meeting Abstracts approximately 10 lines, Vol. 86, No. 968, March ABSTRACT p. 70
Single crystal spectra of garnets from Diamondiferous high-pressure metamorphic rocks from Kazakhstan; indications for Oh, H2O and FeTi chargetransfer.
European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 5, No. 6, Dec. pp. 1091-1100.
Kimberlite indicator minerals in southwestern Saskatchewan
Mid-continent diamonds Geological Association of Canada (GAC)-Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Symposium ABSTRACT volume, held Edmonton May, pp. 53-58.
Kimberlite pyropes and chromites morphology and chemistry as indicators of diamond grade in Yakutian and Arkangelsk Provinces.
Mid-continent diamonds Geological Association of Canada (GAC)-Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Symposium ABSTRACT volume, held Edmonton May, pp. 63-70.
Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Yakutia
Results of reconnaissance diamond indicator mineral sampling, Saskatchewan.
Mid-continent diamonds Geological Association of Canada (GAC)-Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Symposium ABSTRACT volume, held Edmonton May, pp. 107-116.
Provenance of heavy minerals on the Canadian Prairie
Mid-continent diamonds Geological Association of Canada (GAC)-Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Symposium ABSTRACT volume, held Edmonton May, pp. 71-76.
The megacryst bearng Barium, Strontium, and light rare earth element (LREE) rich lamprophyres from northwest Ladoga, Baltic Shield: melt evolution and nature..
Mineralogical Magazine, Goldschmidt abstract, Vol. 62A, p. 1139-40.
Velocity conductivity relationships for mantle mineral assemblages in Archean cratonic lithosphere based on a review of laboratory dat a and Hashin Strikman bounds
Chalapathi Rao, N.V., Lehmann, B., Mainkar, D., Belyatsky, B.
Petrogenesis of the end Cretaceous Diamondiferous Behradih kimberlite, central India: implication for the plume lithosphere interactions in the Bastar craton?
International Dyke Conference Held Feb. 6, India, 1p. Abstract
Surface dissolution features on kimberlitic chromites as indicators of magmatic fluid and diamond quality.
Proceedings of the 10th. International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 1, Special Issue of the Journal of the Geological Society of India,, Vol. 1, pp. 297-308.
Comentarios sobre la gologia, la petrografia y la quimica mineral de Algunas lamproitas de la porcion norte de la cordillera del Ybytyruzu, Paragual oriental.
Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 18, 1, June pp. 24-61.
Crystallographic preferred orientation of wadsleyite and ringwoodite: effects of phase transformation and water on seismic anisotropy in the mantle transition zone.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 397, pp. 133-144.
European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 28, pp. 915-930.
Technology
Mineral chemistry
Abstract: The crystal structures of the lamprophyllite-related minerals are based upon HOH modules consisting of a central octahedral O sheet sandwiched between two heteropolyhedral H sheets. The general crystal-chemical formula for these minerals can be written as [10-11]A2 [[6]M1[6]M22[6]2M3X2] [[5]L2(Si2O7)2O2], where the contents of the O and H sheets are given in square brackets in this order and A = Ba, Sr, K, Na,; M1 = Na, Mn2+; M2 = Na, Mn2+, Fe2+, Ca; M3 = Ti, Mn2+, Mg, Fe3+, Fe2+; L = Ti, Fe3+; X = OH, O, F. According to the unit-cell parameters and symmetry, lamprophyllite-related minerals can be subdivided into five structure types: I (monoclinic polytypes, C2/m); II (orthorhombic polytypes, Pnmn), III (nabalamprophyllite, BaNa[Na3Ti (OH)2][Ti2(Si2O7)2O2], monoclinic, P2/m, with an ordered arrangement of the interlayer Ba2+ and Na+ cations), IV (triclinic, P1) and V (triclinic, Embedded Image ). The triclinic members (types IV and V) include schüllerite and its analogues, which differ from the lamprophyllite-group minerals sensu stricto in their symmetry and topology of the HOH modules. The end-member formulae of lamprophyllite-related minerals and the position of schüllerite in the ranks of heterophyllosilicates are discussed.
Abstract: Monticellite is a magmatic and/or deuteric mineral that is often present, but widely varying in concentrations in Group-I (or archetypal) kimberlites. To provide new constraints on the petrogenesis of monticellite and its potential significance to kimberlite melt evolution, we examine the petrography and geochemistry of the minimally altered hypabyssal monticellite-rich Leslie (Canada) and Pipe 1 (Finland) kimberlites. In these kimberlites, monticellite (Mtc) is abundant (25–45 vol%) and can be classified into two distinct morphological types: discrete and intergrown groundmass grains (Mtc-I), and replacement of olivine (Mtc-II).
Monticellite in group-I kimberlites: Implications for evolution of parental melts and post-emplacement CO 2 degassing (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318032868_Monticellite_in_group-I_kimberlites_Implications_for_evolution_of_parental_melts_and_post-emplacement_CO_2_degassing [accessed Aug 10, 2017].
Proceedings of XXXIV held Aug. 4-9. Perchuk International School of Earth Sciences, At Miass, Russia, 1p. Abstract
India
mineral chemistry
Abstract: The present study examines an unexplored catchment (60 Sq. Km.) at Nutimadugu village, in Anantapur district, on the right bank of Penna River (Fig.1), to attest the occurrence of kimberlite indicator minerals (KIMs). The left bank is famous for diamondiferous kimberlites known as Timmasamudram Kimberlite Cluster. About eight stream sediment samples (~15kg in weight), were collected from the catchment with an approximate sample sapcing of one kilometer. The -1mm fraction of the stream sediments was reduced to heavy mineral concentrate (HMC) using traditional techniques. The selected mineral grains were probed for major elements using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Majority (75%) are chromite grains. Uvaravite and grossularite garnets and few grains of ilmenite are also present. The chromite grains plot in the world wide kimberlitic chromite field, with few in the diamond inclusion field (Fig.2 & 3). The garnet grains plot in the G12 field and found to be wehrlitic in character (Fig.4 & 5). On the contrary, the ilmenite grains plot in the non-kimberlitic field (Fig. 6), which might have been derived from the supracrustal rocks occurring to the east of the catchment. Thus this study highlights that the catchment stands as a priority target for further field investigations.
Journal of Metamorphic Geology, in press available
Europe, Greenland, Norway
mineral chemistry
Abstract: We present new and compiled whole rock modal mineral, major and trace element data from extremely melt depleted but pyroxenite and garnet(?ite) bearing Palaeoarchaean East Greenland cratonic mantle, exposed as three isolated, tectonically strained orogenic peridotite bodies (Ugelvik, Raudhaugene, Midsundvatnet) in western Norway. The studied lithologies comprise besides spinel? and/or garnet?bearing peridotite (dunite, harzburgite, lherzolite) garnet?clinopyroxenite and partially olivine?bearing garnet?orthopyroxenite and ?websterite. Chemical and modal data and spatial relationships between different rock types suggest deformation to have triggered mechanical mixing of garnet?free dunite with garnet?bearing enclosures that formed garnet?peridotite. Inclusions of olivine in porphyroclastic minerals of pyroxenite show a primary origin of olivine in olivine?bearing variants. Major element oxide abundances and ratios of websterite differ to those in rocks expected to form by reaction of peridotite with basaltic melts or silica?rich fluids, but resemble those of Archaean Al?enriched komatiite (AEK) flows from Barberton and Commondale greenstone belts, South Africa. Websterite GdN/YbN, 0.49-0.65 (olivine?free) and 0.73-0.85 (olivine?bearing), overlaps that of two subgroups of AEK, GdN/YbN 0.25-0.55 and 0.77-0.90, with each of them being nearly indistinguishable from one another in rare earth element fractionation but also concentration. Websterite MgO content is high, 22.7-29.0 wt.%, and Zr/Y is very low, 0.1-1.0. The other, non?websteritic pyroxenites overlap - when mechanically mixed together with garnetite - in chemistry with that of AEK. It follows an origin of websterite and likely all pyroxenite that involves melting of a garnet?bearing depleted mantle source. Pyroxene exsolution lamellae in the inferred solidus garnet in all lithological varieties require the pyroxenites to have crystallised in the majorite garnet stability field, at 3-4 GPa (90-120 km depth) at minimum 1600 °C. Consequently, we interpret the websterites to represent the first recognised deep plutonic crystallisation products that formed from komatiite melts. The other pyroxenitic rocks are likely fragments of such crystallisation products. An implication is that a mantle plume environment contributed to the formation of (one of) the worldwide oldest lithospheric mantle underneath the eastern Rae craton.
Direct discovery of concealed kimberlites with microbial community fingerprinting.
2018 Yellowknife Geoscience Forum , p. 36. abstract
Canada, Northwest Territories
mineral chemistry
Abstract: Mineral exploration in Canada is becoming increasingly complex as the majority of undiscovered commodities are likely deeply buried beneath significant glacial overburden and bedrock, reducing the effectiveness of many existing tools. The development of innovative exploration protocols and techniques is imperative to the continuation of discovery success. Preliminary experimentation has demonstrated the potential viability of microbial fingerprinting through genetic sequencing to directly identify the projected subcrop of mineralization in addition to the more distal entrained geochemical signatures in till. With the advent of inexpensive modern sequencing technology and big-data techniques, microbiological approaches to exploration are becoming more quantitative, cost effective, and efficient. The integration of microbial community information with soil chemistry, mineralogy and landscape development coupled with geology and geophysics propagates the development of an improved decision process in mineral exploration. Soils over porphyry, kimberlite, and VMS deposits have undergone microbial community profiling. These community-genome derived datasets have been integrated with trace metal chemistry, mineralogy, surface geology and other environmental variables including Eh and pH. Analyses of two kimberlites in the Northwest Territories show significant microbial community shifts that are correlated with subsurface mineralization, with distinctive microbial community profiles present directly above the kimberlite. The relationship between microbial profiles and mineralization leads to the use of microbial fingerprinting as a method for more accurately delineating ore deposits in glacially covered terrain. As databases are developed, there is potential for application as a field based technique, as sequencing technology is progressively developed into portable platforms.
Abstract: Garnet chemistry provides a well-established tool in the discrimination and interpretation of sediment provenance. Current discrimination approaches, however, (i) suffer from using less variables than available, (ii) subjective determination of discrimination fields with strict boundaries suggesting clear separations where in fact probabilities are converging, and (iii) significant overlap of compositional fields of garnet from different host-rock groups. The new multivariate discrimination scheme is based on a large database, a hierarchical discrimination approach involving three steps, linear discriminant analysis at each step, and the five major host-rock groups to be discriminated: eclogite- (A), amphibolite- (B) and granulite- (C) facies metamorphic rocks as well as ultramafic (D) and igneous rocks (E). The successful application of statistical discrimination approaches requires consideration of the a priori knowledge of the respective geologic setting. This is accounted for by the use of prior probabilities. Three sets of prior probabilities (priors) are introduced and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The user is free to choose among these priors, which can be further modified according to the specific geologic problem and the level of a priori knowledge. The discrimination results are provided as integrated probabilities of belonging to the five major host-rock groups. For performing calculations and results a supplementary Excel® spreadsheet is provided. The discrimination scheme has been tested for a large variety of examples of crystalline rocks covering all of the five major groups and several subgroups from various geologic settings. In most cases, garnets are assigned correctly to the respective group. Exceptions typically reflect the peculiarities of the regional geologic situation. Evaluation of detrital garnets from modern and ancient sedimentary settings of the Western Gneiss Region (Norway), Eastern Alps (Austria) and Albertine Rift (Uganda) demonstrates the power to reflect the respective geologic situations and corroborates previous results. As most garnet is derived from metamorphic rocks and many provenance studies aim at reconstructing the tectonic and geodynamic evolution in the source area, the approach and the examples emphasize discrimination of metamorphic facies (i.e., temperature-pressure conditions) rather than protolith composition.
University of Alberta, Msc thesis https://doi.org/ 10.7939/R3C53FH3P available
Canada, Northwest Territories
mineral chemistry
Abstract: The Central Mackenzie Valley (CMV) area of Northwest Territories is underlain by Precambrian basement belonging to the North American Craton. The potential of this area to host kimberlitic diamond deposits is relatively high judging from the seismologically-defined lithospheric thickness, the age of basement rocks (2.2-1.7 Ga) and presence of kimberlite indicator minerals (KIMs) in Quaternary sediments. This study presents new major, minor and trace element chemistry data for kimberlite indicator mineral (KIM) grains collected from two regions within the Central Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories. The data, along with new kimberlite-related rutile U-Pb ages and ilmenite Hf isotopic compositions are used to constrain the composition and thickness of the lithospheric mantle sampled by the source kimberlite(s) and age of these kimberlites for these two regions. In the processed samples, peridotitic garnets dominate (> 25 % at each location) while eclogitic garnet is almost absent in both regions (< 1 % each). KIM chemistry for the Horn Plateau indicates significant diamond potential, with a strong similarity to KIM systematics from the Central and Western Slave Craton. The most significant issue to resolve in assessing the local diamond potential is the degree to which KIM chemistry reflects local and/or distal kimberlite bodies. Radiogenic isotope analysis of detrital kimberlite-related CMV oxide grains requires at least two broad age groups for eroded source kimberlites. Statistical analysis of the data suggests that it is probable that some of these KIMs were derived from primary and/or secondary sources within the CMV area, while others may have been transported to the area from the east-northeast by Pleistocene glacial and/or glaciofluvial systems. At this stage, KIM chemistry does not allow the exact location of the kimberlitic source(s) to be constrained.
Abstract: Syn- to post-emplacement alteration of hypabyssal kimberlite may represent an overlooked opportunity to better understand kimberlite volcanism and diamond preservation potential. To learn more about these effects, we conducted a series of short duration (0.25 - 4 h), high-temperature (300 - 900 °C) cold seal experiments designed to test mineral abundances and textures in the hypabyssal environment. A combined approach of petrography, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and optical cathodoluminescence demonstrates that both calcite and olivine are sensitive to temperature in the hypabyssal environment. Primary calcite and olivine are pervasive hypabyssal kimberlite minerals but they will react in a decarbonation reaction to produce monticellite when exposed to elevated temperatures. Monticellite is an indicator of decarbonation and elevated temperature. Decarbonation rates vary directly with temperature and indirectly with CO2 in the fluid, with +12 wt.% CO2 increasing the stability range of calcite by 100 °C. Decarbonation rates are relatively fast, ranging from 1 to 6 area% h-1. To replicate the observed mineral assemblage and textures in natural hypabyssal kimberlites, the rocks could only be exposed to elevated temperatures by syn- to post-emplacement processes with timescales ranging from hours to days. Additionally, calcite preservation in hypabyssal kimberlite provides an observational constraint that diamond grade has not been diminished by post-emplacement conditions. Hypabyssal kimberlites may record other post-emplacement alteration features, which lead to the exsolution of unaccounted for volatiles.