Hello Guest User, You are visiting this website from a computer with an IP address of 172.71.254.125 with the name of '?' since Wed Apr 24, 2024 at 11:54:26 AM PT for approx. 0 minutes now.
The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Technical, Media and Corporate Articles based on Major Region - Newfoundland-Labrador
The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation is compiled by Patricia Sheahan who publishes on a monthly basis a list of new scientific articles related to diamonds as well as media coverage and corporate announcements called the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service that is distributed as a free pdf to a list of followers. Pat has kindly agreed to allow her work to be made available as an online digital resource at Kaiser Research Online so that a broader community interested in diamonds and related geology can benefit. The references are for personal use information purposes only; when available a link is provided to an online location where the full article can be accessed or purchased directly. Reproduction of this compilation in part or in whole without permission from the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service is strictly prohibited. Return to Diamond Region Index
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Scientific Articles by Author for all years
Each article reference in the SDLRC is tagged with one or more key words assigned by Pat Sheahan to highlight the main topics of the article. In addition most references have been tagged with one or more region words. In an effort to make it easier for users to track down articles related to a specific region, KRO has extracted these region words and developed a list of major region words presented in the Major Region Index to which individual region words used in the article reference have been assigned. Each individual Region Report contains in chronological order all the references with a region word associated with the Major Region word. Depending on the total for each reference type - technical, media and corporate - the references will be either in their own technical, media or corporate Region Report, or combined in a single report. Where there is a significant number of technical references there will be a technical report dedicated to the technical articles while the media and corporate references are combined in a separate region report. References that were added in the most recent monthly update are highlighted in yellow within the Region Report. The Major Region words have been defined by a scale system of "general", "continent", "country", "state or province" and "regional". Major Region words at the smaller scales have been created only when there are enough references to make isolating them worthwhile. References not tagged with a Region are excluded, and articles with a region word not matched with a Major Region show up in the "Unknown" report.
Kimberlite - diamondiferous
Lamproite - diamondiferous
Lamprophyre - diamondiferous
Other - diamondiferous
Kimberlite - non diamondiferous
Lamproite - non diamondiferous
Lamprophyre - non diamondiferous
Other - non diamondiferous
Kimberlite - unknown
Lamproite - unknown
Lamprophyre - unknown
Other - unknown
Future Mine
Current Mine
Former Mine
Click on icon for details about each occurrence. Works best with Google Chrome.
CITATION: Faure, S, 2010, World Kimberlites CONSOREM Database (Version 3), Consortium de Recherche en Exploration Minérale CONSOREM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Numerical Database on consorem.ca. NOTE: This publicly available database results of a compilation of other public databases, scientific and governmental publications and maps, and various data from exploration companies reports or Web sites, If you notice errors, have additional kimberlite localizations that should be included in this database, or have any comments and suggestions, please contact the author specifying the ID of the kimberlite: [email protected]
Newfoundland-Labrador - Technical, Media and Corporate
Trace element charactertistics of the Strange Lake Zirconium, Yttrium, Niobium,and Berylium rare earth elements (REE) mineralization and the host peralkaline granite
Geological Association of Canada (GAC) Annual Meeting, Vol. 11, p. 102. (abstract.)
Quebec, Labrador
Rare earth, Zirconium, Berylium, REE, yttrium, Carbonatite, Alkaline rock
A reappraisal of the geology and geochemistry of the Zr-Y-Nb-Be and rare earth elements (REE)mineralized Strange Lake peralkalinepluton, Quebec-Labrador
Geological Association of Canada (GAC)/Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Vancouver 90 Program with Abstracts, Held May 16-18, Vol. 15, p. A12. Abstract
The role of hydrothermal processes in the granite hosted Zirconium, Yttrium, rare earth elements (REE) deposit at Strange Lake, Quebec/Labrador: evidence from fluid inclusions
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 54, pp. 2403-2418
The role of hydrothermal processes in the granite-hosted Zirconium, Yttrium, rare earth elements (REE) deposit at Strange Lake Quebec, Labrador- evidence from fluid inclusions-comment
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 55, No. 11, pp. 3443-3447
Decompressiong reactions and P=T conditions in high grade rocks, northernLabrador; P-T paths individual samples and implications for early Prot. tectonicevol
Journal of Petrology, Vol. 32, No. 1, February pp. 139-168
Deep crustal deformation textures along megathrusts from Newfoundland andOntario: implications for microstructural preservation, strain rates and strength of the li
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 29, No. 2, Feb. pp. 328-337
uranium-lead (U-Pb) geochronology of deformation and metamorphism across a central transect of the Early Proterozoic: Tornget Orogen, North River map area, Labrador.
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 30, pp. 1470-89.
Proterozoic and Paleozoic a type granite suites in Labrador andNewfoundland: samarium-neodymium (Sm-Nd) evidence for the importance of juvenile sources.
Geological Association of Canada (GAC) Abstract Volume, Vol. 19, p.
Genesis of ultramafic lamprophyres and carbonatites at Aillik Bay, Labrador: a consequence of incipient lithospheric thinning beneath the North Atlantic Craton
The origin of Triassic/Jurassic kimberlite magmatism, Canada: two mantle sources revealed from the Sr-Nd isotopic composition of groundmass perovskite.
Symposium on critical and strategic materials, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2015-3, held Nov. 13-14, pp. 109-118.
Canada, Labrador
Rare earths
Abstract: The Foxtrot rare earth element (REE) deposit is hosted by peralkaline volcanic rocks, primarily pantellerite and commendite fl ows and ash-fl ow tuffs, of the Fox Harbour Volcanic belt in southeast Labrador, near the coastal community of St Lewis (Fig. 1). Search Minerals personnel discovered the deposit in 2010 as a result of a REE exploration program in southeast Labrador. Exploration diamond drilling in late 2010, 2011, and early 2012, totalling 72 diamond-drill holes and 18,855 metres, outlined a Dy-Nd-Y-Tb deposit of 9.2 million tonnes indicated resource (cut-off 130 ppm Dy), grading 189 ppm Dy, 1442 ppm Nd and 1040 ppm Y, and, 5.2 million tonnes inferred resource, grading 176 ppm Dy, 1233 ppm Nd, and 974 ppm Y (Table 1; Srivastava et al., 2012, 2013). A smaller highgrade resource (HGC) was also defi ned (Table 1) and was the subject of a Preliminary Economic Assessment (Srivastava et al., 2013). The Foxtrot deposit and the Fox Harbour Volcanic belt have been the target of continued REE exploration and the subject of engineering and metallurgical studies (Srivastava et al., 2012, 2013; Search Minerals 2014, 2015b) to evaluate the possibility of developing a REE mine at Foxtrot and a REE processing plant in the St. Lewis area (Fig. 1). Herein we outline the geology and mineralization of the Foxtrot REE deposit and develop a preliminary exploration model for REE mineralization in the Fox Harbour Volcanic belt and related belts in southeast Labrador.
Abstract: The Strange Lake peralkaline complex is one of the world's largest deposits of yttrium, heavy rare-earth elements, and zirconium. The Precambrian intrusive body of peralkaline granitic rocks in central Labrador is extensively mineralized but mineralogically complex. It is a pleasure to acknowledge John Jambor's important contributions to the understanding of the unusual and varied mineralization. He was first to identify and characterize the potentially economic minerals: gittinsite, widespread at Strange Lake but otherwise an uncommon zirconosilicate, and the unusual acid-soluble zircon, which are the main sources of Strange Lake zirconium. He also identified the previously unknown mineral gerenite-(Y), and provided better characterization of kainosite-(Y) and of the complex gadolinite-datolite species which, collectively, account for most of the yttrium and heavy rare-earths. In all, his identification and characterization of these minerals were invaluable to understanding of the peralkaline complex, particularly the late-stage alteration that affected it and generated its economically important minerals, making them amenable to effective metallurgical processes.
Abstract: Granites and pegmatites in the Strange Lake pluton underwent extreme enrichment in high field strength elements (HFSE), including the rare earth elements (REE). Much of this enrichment took place in the most altered rocks, and is expressed as secondary minerals, showing that hydrothermal fluids played an important role in HFSE concentration. Vasyukova et al. (2016) reconstructed a P-T-X path for the evolution of these fluids and provided evidence that hydrothermal activity was initiated by exsolution of fluid during crystallisation of border zone pegmatites (at ~450-500?°C and 1.1?kbar). This early fluid comprised a high salinity (25?wt% NaCl) aqueous phase and a CH4?+?H2 gas. During cooling, the gas was gradually oxidised, first to higher hydrocarbons (e.g., C2H6, C3H8), and then to CO2, and the salinity decreased to 4?wt% (~250-300?°C), before increasing to 19?wt%, due to fluid-rock interaction (~150?°C). Here, we present crush-leach fluid inclusion data on the concentrations of the REE and major ligands at different stages of the evolution of the fluid. The chondrite-normalised REE profile of the fluid evolved from light REE (La-Nd)-enriched at high temperature (~400?°C, Stages 1-2a) to middle REE (Sm-Er)-enriched at 360 to 250?°C (Stages 2b-3) and strongly heavy REE (Tm-Lu)-enriched at low temperature (150?°C, Stage 5). These changes in the REE distribution were accompanied by changes in the concentrations of major ligands, i.e., Cl? was the dominant ligand in Stages 1, 2, 4 and 5, whereas HCO3? was dominant in Stage 3. Alteration of arfvedsonite to aegirine and/or hematite contributed strongly to the mobilisation of the REE. This alteration released middle REE (MREE) and heavy REE (HREE), which either partitioned into the fluid or precipitated directly as bastnäsite-(Ce), ferri-allanite-(Ce) or gadolinite-(Y). Replacement of primary fluorbritholite-(Ce), which crystallised from an immiscible fluoride melt and altered to bastnäsite-(Ce), was also important in mobilising the REE (MREE). This paper presents the first report of the distribution of the REE in an evolving hydrothermal fluid. Using this distribution, in conjunction with information on the changing physicochemical conditions, the study identifies the sources of REE enrichment, reconstructs the path of REE concentration, and evaluates the REE mineralising capacity of the fluid. Finally, this information is integrated into a predictive model for REE mobilisation applicable not only to Strange Lake but any REE ore-forming system, in which hydrothermal processes were important.
Abstract: Large peralkaline complexes are ‘factories’ that have produced a variety of ‘exotic’ minerals including high field strength element minerals. In most cases, these minerals are secondary and crystallise in a hydrothermal paragenesis that is extremely difficult to decipher due to the complexity of the textural relationships. The Strange Lake pluton is one of these complexes, and contains 37 exotic minerals, most of which are secondary. Adding to the difficulty in establishing a comprehensive paragenesis for these minerals and an alteration/precipitation path for the pluton is the fact that there were several stages of crystallisation of the same exotic and common secondary minerals, e.g., bastnäsite, fluocerite, gadolinite, aegirine, fluorite, and zircon. In this paper, we present a model, which describes a detailed path for the alteration and precipitation of minerals in the closed hydrothermal system of a peralkaline granitic pegmatite, based on direct measurements of the evolving composition of the aqueous fluid that exsolved from the late-stage magma crystallising rare-metal pegmatites in the Strange Lake pluton. The driving force for this evolution was cooling-induced oxidation that ultimately transformed the CH4-H2 gas in this fluid to CO2. This led to a large drop in the pH, which was a major control on the composition of the fluid and the crystallisation of secondary minerals. Although large numbers of minerals formed and were replaced during the different stages of fluid evolution, the changing chemistry of the fluid was largely a response to the alteration of four minerals, namely arfvedsonite, elpidite, narsarsukite and fluorite. The earliest stage of alteration, which took place at ~360?°C, was marked by the replacement of arfvedsonite by aegirine. This alteration decreased salinity and released K, Li, and Rb to the fluid, causing K-metasomatism. At ~300?°C, CH4 and higher hydrocarbons reacted to produce CO2. This caused a massive drop in pH from a value?>?10 to a value of ~3 and intense alteration, which included the dissolution of fluorite, the breakdown of elpidite to zircon and quartz and the replacement of narsarsukite by titanite. With ongoing dissolution of fluorite, Ca activity reached a level sufficient to promote the alteration of elpidite to armstrongite or gittinsite. This was accompanied by alteration of arfvedsonite to ferroceladonite and microcline to Al-phyllosilicates, enriching the fluid in Na, Fe and F. Soon after, there was a near total loss of CO2 (at ~230?°C). This loss was catastrophic and was focused along conical fractures (these developed as a result of the collapse of the roof of the pluton), with resultant fragmentation of the rocks along the fluid path. Alteration to phyllosilicates continued after the loss of CO2, as the system cooled to ~190?°C. This marked the beginning of the final stage of alteration, which involved the replacement of arfvedsonite by aegirine and hematite. It also coincided with large scale hematisation within the pluton. Finally, it led to the cementation of the fragments along the fluid path to form the fluorite-hematite ring breccia that is now evident at the margins of the pluton. The model of fluid evolution presented here is potentially applicable to many other peralkaline complexes. The only requirements are that the system was closed until a relatively late stage and that the exsolved fluid was saline and contained a reduced carbonic component. This is a feature of many peralkaline complexes, most notably, the Khibiny and Lovozero complexes in Russia, and Ilímaussaq in Greenland.
Canadian Journal of Earth Science, Vol. 56, pp. 957-969.
Canada, Quebec, Labrador
REE
Abstract: A study of rare metal indicator minerals and glacial dispersal was carried out at the Strange Lake Zr?-?Y?-?heavy rare earth element deposit in northern Quebec and Labrador, Canada. The heavy mineral (>3.2 specific gravity) and mid-density (3.0-3.2 specific gravity) nonferromagnetic fractions of mineralized bedrock from the deposit and till up to 50 km down ice of the deposit were examined to determine the potential of using rare earth element and high fileld strength element indicator minerals for exploration. The deposit contains oxide, silicate, phosphate, and carbonate indicator minerals, some of which (cerianite, uraninite, fluorapatite, rhabdophane, thorianite, danburite, and aeschynite) have not been reported in previous bedrock studies of Strange Lake. Indicator minerals that could be useful in the exploration for similar deposits include Zr silicates (zircon, secondary gittinsite (CaZrSi2O7), and other hydrated Zr±Y±Ca silicates), pyrochlore ((Na,Ca)2Nb2O6(OH,F)), and thorite (Th(SiO4))/thorianite (ThO2) as well as rare earth element minerals monazite ((La,Ce,Y,Th)PO4), chevkinite ((Ce,La,Ca,Th)4(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Fe)3Si4O22), parisite (Ca(Ce,La)2(CO3)3F2), bastnaesite (Ce(CO3)F), kainosite (Ca2(Y,Ce)2Si4O12(CO3)•H2O), and allanite ((Ce,Ca,Y)2(Al,Fe)3(SiO4)3(OH)). Rare metal indicator minerals can be added to the expanding list of indicator minerals that can be recovered from surficial sediments and used to explore for a broad range of deposit types and commodities that already include diamonds and precious, base, and strategic metals.
Abstract: The Mokami and Saglek formations are comprised of Middle Eocene to Plio-Pleistocene deltaic deposits in the Labrador Sea, at the mouth of the Hudson Strait. In this study we use the provenance of KIM minerals to investigate the origin of these sediments. Fifty one mineral grains were obtained from Miocene to possibly Pliocene Mokami and Saglek formation strata by sub-sampling ocean cuttings from the Petro-Canada et al. Rut H-11 well. These grains were examined by optical methods, micro X-ray diffraction (?XRD) and Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) at Western University for identification purposes, and 20 grains were determined to be of peridotitic mantle origin, based on the well-established compositional and mineral-formula discrimination criteria. The compositions of these Kimberlite Indicator Minerals (KIMs) have been compared to equivalent mineral grains from known Canadian kimberlite deposits, in a preliminary attempt to determine their provenance. Out of eleven garnets in the suite, nine garnets were classified as G9, thus establishing their lherzolitic mantle origin; one garnet was wehrlitic (G12), and one garnet was crustal (G0) (Fig 1A). The presence of G9 garnets, however, does not indicate provenance, as G9 garnets are ubiquitous in the mantle. Three Cr-diopside grains were found in the suite. They all passed compositional and mineral-formula criteria established by Ziberna et al. (2016) to be recognized as peridotitic. On Al+Cr-Na-K versus Ca/(Ca+Mg+Fe) plots (e.g. Grütter 2009, Fig. 4), these grains plotted in a region occupied by both garnet peridotite and spinel-garnet peridotite, such that formation in the presence of garnet is confirmed, but the type of peridotite is not definitive. These grains were used to calculate P-T conditions of formation using the Nimis and Taylor (2000) thermobarometer, and the Cr-diopside grains revealed P-T formation conditions ranging from 1304-1417 °C and 4.5-5.2 GPa (Fig 1B). These grains plot in the P-T region representing an extension of that occupied by both Somerset and Kirkland Lake kimberlites, however, calculated temperatures significantly above 1300 °C should be treated the caution because this has not been reported for Cr-diopside from any Canadian kimberlites. It is worth noting that the Cr-diopside grains definitively do not match those from the Chidliak kimberlites, although that kimberlite field is located geographically proximal to the Saglek deposit. Seven orthopyroxene grains found in the suite had compositions matching kimberlites from the Slave craton (Fig. 1C). This provenance agrees with the paleo-drainage pattern of the Bell River basin, which extended from the Northern Interior plains to the Sea of Labrador until the late Pleistocene.
