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SDLRC - Region: Paraguay - All


The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Technical, Media and Corporate Articles based on Major Region - Paraguay
The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation is compiled by Patricia Sheahan who publishes on a monthly basis a list of new scientific articles related to diamonds as well as media coverage and corporate announcements called the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service that is distributed as a free pdf to a list of followers. Pat has kindly agreed to allow her work to be made available as an online digital resource at Kaiser Research Online so that a broader community interested in diamonds and related geology can benefit. The references are for personal use information purposes only; when available a link is provided to an online location where the full article can be accessed or purchased directly. Reproduction of this compilation in part or in whole without permission from the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service is strictly prohibited. Return to Diamond Region Index
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Scientific Articles by Author for all years
A-An Ao+ B-Bd Be-Bk Bl-Bq Br+ C-Cg Ch-Ck Cl+ D-Dd De-Dn Do+ E F-Fn Fo+ G-Gh Gi-Gq Gr+ H-Hd He-Hn Ho+ I J K-Kg Kh-Kn Ko-Kq Kr+ L-Lh
Li+ M-Maq Mar-Mc Md-Mn Mo+ N O P-Pd Pe-Pn Po+ Q R-Rh Ri-Rn Ro+ S-Sd Se-Sh Si-Sm Sn-Ss St+ T-Th Ti+ U V W-Wg Wh+ X Y Z
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Media/Corporate References by Name for all years
A B C D-Diam Diamonds Diamr+ E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Each article reference in the SDLRC is tagged with one or more key words assigned by Pat Sheahan to highlight the main topics of the article. In addition most references have been tagged with one or more region words. In an effort to make it easier for users to track down articles related to a specific region, KRO has extracted these region words and developed a list of major region words presented in the Major Region Index to which individual region words used in the article reference have been assigned. Each individual Region Report contains in chronological order all the references with a region word associated with the Major Region word. Depending on the total for each reference type - technical, media and corporate - the references will be either in their own technical, media or corporate Region Report, or combined in a single report. Where there is a significant number of technical references there will be a technical report dedicated to the technical articles while the media and corporate references are combined in a separate region report. References that were added in the most recent monthly update are highlighted in yellow within the Region Report. The Major Region words have been defined by a scale system of "general", "continent", "country", "state or province" and "regional". Major Region words at the smaller scales have been created only when there are enough references to make isolating them worthwhile. References not tagged with a Region are excluded, and articles with a region word not matched with a Major Region show up in the "Unknown" report.
Kimberlite - diamondiferous Lamproite - diamondiferous Lamprophyre - diamondiferous Other - diamondiferous
Kimberlite - non diamondiferous Lamproite - non diamondiferous Lamprophyre - non diamondiferous Other - non diamondiferous
Kimberlite - unknown Lamproite - unknown Lamprophyre - unknown Other - unknown
Future Mine Current Mine Former Mine Click on icon for details about each occurrence. Works best with Google Chrome.
CITATION: Faure, S, 2010, World Kimberlites CONSOREM Database (Version 3), Consortium de Recherche en Exploration Minérale CONSOREM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Numerical Database on consorem.ca. NOTE: This publicly available database results of a compilation of other public databases, scientific and governmental publications and maps, and various data from exploration companies reports or Web sites, If you notice errors, have additional kimberlite localizations that should be included in this database, or have any comments and suggestions, please contact the author specifying the ID of the kimberlite: [email protected]
Paraguay - Technical, Media and Corporate
Posted/
Published
AuthorTitleSourceRegionKeywords
DS1983-0273
1983
Haggerty, S.E., Mariano, A.N.Strontian Loparite and Strontio Chevkinite: Two New Minerals in Rheomorphic Fenites from the Parana Basin Carbonatites, south America.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 84, No. 4, PP. 365-381.Brazil, ParaguayRelated Rocks, Mineralogy
DS1985-0413
1985
Mariano, A.N., Druecker, M.D.Alkaline Igneous Rocks and Carbonatites of ParaguayGeological Society of America (GSA), Vol. 17, No. 3, P. 166. (abstract.).South America, ParaguayGeophysics, Lineaments
DS1986-0149
1986
Cominchiaramonti, P., Demarchi, G., et al.Evidence of mantle metasomatism and heterogeneity from peridotite inclusions of northeastern Brasil and ParaguayEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 77, No. 2, March pp. 203-217Brazil, ParaguayMantle, Inclusions
DS1986-0204
1986
Eby, G.N., Mariano, A.N.Geology and geochronology of carbonatites peripheral to the Parana Brasil-ParaguayGeological Association of Canada (GAC) Annual Meeting, Vol. 11, p. 66, (abstract.)Brazil, Paraguay, South AmericaCarbonatite
DS1988-0294
1988
Hawkesworth, C.J., Mantovani, M., Peate, D.Lithospheric remobilization during Parana CFB magmatismJournal of Petrology, Special Volume 1988- Oceanic and Continental, pp. 205-224Brazil, Paraguay, ArgentinaMantle, Chemistry
DS1988-0562
1988
Ramos, V.A.Late Proterozoic Early Paleozoic of South America - a collisional history.Episodes, Vol. 11, No. 3, Sept. pp. 168-173.Paraguay, BrazilGondwana, Tectonics
DS1990-1395
1990
Sonoki, I.K., Garda, G.M.K-Ar ages of alkaline rock from Southern Brasil and Eastern Paraguay:compilation and adaptation of new decay constants. (in Portugese).National Technical Information Service Rept, No. DE90635110/WNR 17p. United States Sales $ 15.00 AO3Brazil, ParaguayAlkaline rocks, Geochronology
DS1992-0408
1992
Eby, G.N., Mariano, A.N.Geology and geochronology of carbonatites and associated alkaline rocks peripheral to the Parana Basin, Brasil-ParaguayJournal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 3, October pp. 207-216Brazil, ParaguayCarbonatite, Geochronology
DS1995-1481
1995
Perdoncini, L.C., Soares, P.C., Bizzi, L.A.Diamonds associated with the Permo-Carboniferous glacial deposits in the Parana Basin, Brasil.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 436-438.Brazil, Parana, Paraguay, Uruguay, ArgentinaGeomorphology, Alluvials
DS1996-0283
1996
Comin-Charamonti, P., et al.Carbonatites and upper mantle relationships. #1International Geological Congress 30th Session, Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 2, p. 383.Paraguay, BrazilCarbonatite, Mantle
DS1996-0284
1996
Comin-Chiaramonti, A., Gomes, C.B.Alkaline magmatism in central and eastern Paraguay. Relationships with coeval magmatism in BrasilCidade Univ, 400p. approx. 65.00 United StatesParaguay, BrazilAlkaline magmatism, Book - table of contents
DS1996-0522
1996
Gibson, S.A., Thompson, R.N., Dickin, A.P., Leonardos, O.Erratum to High Ti and low Ti mafic potassic magmas: Key to plume lithosphere interactions and flood genesisEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 141, pp. 325-341Brazil, ParaguayMagmas, Lithosphere
DS1997-0204
1997
Comin- Chiaramonti, P., Cundari, A., Velazquez, V.F.Potassic and sodic igneous rocks from eastern Paraguay: their origin From the lithospheric mantle ...genetic..Journal of Petrology, Vol. 38, No. 4, April 1, pp. 495-ParaguayAlkaline rocks, Parana flood tholeiites
DS1997-0522
1997
Horton, B.K., De Celles, P.G.The modern foreland basin system adjacent to the Central AndesGeology, Vol. 25, No. 10, Oct., pp. 895-98Bolivia, Andes, Argentina, Paraguay, BrazilBasin - foreland, Sedimentary
DS1998-0506
1998
Gibson, S.A., Thompson, R.N., Dickin, A.P.Subcontinental mantle plume impact and kimberlite genesis7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 250-2.Angola, Brazil, Namibia, ParaguayMantle plume, Deposit - Lunda area
DS2000-0781
2000
Princivalle, F., Tirone, M., Comin-Chiaramonti, P.Clinopyroxenes from metasomatized spinel peridotite mantle xenoliths from Nemby: crystal chemistry, petrol.Min. Petrol., Vol. 70, No. 1-2, pp. 25-36.ParaguayPetrology, mineral chemistry, Xenoliths
DS2000-0882
2000
Sgarbi, G.N., Heaman, L.M.uranium-lead (U-Pb) perovskite ages for Brazilian kamafugitesIgc 30th. Brasil, Aug. abstract only 1p.Brazil, ParaguayKamafugites, Geochronology
DC2003-2682
2003
Rex Diamond Mining CorpRex daimond mining application on fast track... Alto Parana, Caguazu and GuairaBusiness News America, Oct. 29, 1/4p.Paraguay, easternNews item - press release
DC2003-2683
2003
Rex Diamond Mining CorpDiamond discoveries in Paraguay - new finds in Mauritania - joint venture with Jindal inRex Diamond Mining Corporation, Sept. 30, 1p.Paraguay, Mauritania, India, South AfricaNews item - press release
DM200412-2324
2004
Canadian Mining JournalDiamond exploration news... kimberlites found in Paraguay. Banks of the Apa river northern border of Paraguay and Brazil.Canadian Mining Journal, Jan. 7, 1/4p.South America, ParaguayNews item - Rex Diamond Mining
DC200412-4174
2003
Rex Diamond Mining CorporationDiamond discoveries in Paraguay - new finds in Mauritania - joint venture with Jindal in India - resumption of operations in SouRex Diamond Mining Corporation, Sept. 30, 1p.South America, Paraguay, Africa, Mauritania, South Africa, IndiaNews item - press release
DC200412-4176
2003
Rex Diamond Mining CorporationRex Diamond Mining application on fast track... Alto Parana, Caguazu and Guaira.Business News America, Oct. 29, 1/4p.South America, ParaguayNews item
DS200612-0268
2006
Comin-Chiaramonti, P., Gomes, C.Mesozoic to Cenozoic alkaline magmatism in the Brazilian Platform.Thesis, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 750p. approx. R 63.00South America, Brazil, Paraguay, UruguayBook - alkaline rocks
DM200612-2642
2006
Rapaport NewsParaguay: guerillas reported to trafficking in diamonds.Rapaport, Sept. 29, 1/8p.South America, ParaguayNews item - legal
DS200812-0364
2008
Forbes.comDiamond mining resurges in Latin America.Forbes.com, Sept. 24, 1p.South America, Brazil, ParaguayNews item - LAT
DC200812-3172
2008
Latin American Minerals Inc.Latin American Minerals discovers diamonds in Paraguay and secures 1,650 square kilometre land position.Latin American Minerals Inc., July 16, 5p.South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DS200912-0123
2009
Comin-Chiaramonti, P., Lucassen, P., Girardi, V.A.V., De Min, A., Gomes, C.B.Lavas and their mantle xenoliths from intracratonic eastern Paraguay( South American Platform) and Andean domain NW Argentina: a comparative review.Mineralogy and Petrology, in press availableSouth America, Paraguay, ArgentinaXenoliths
DC200912-2435
2009
Latin American Minerals Inc.Latin American Minerals closes in on the source of 40 macro diamonds discovered at Itapoty project, Paraguay.Latin American Minerals Inc., Feb. 26, 1p.South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DS201012-0116
2009
Comin-Chiaramonti, P., Lucassen, F., Girardi, V.A.V., De Min, A., Gomes, C.B.Lavas and their mantle xenoliths from intracratonic Eastern Paraguay ( South American Platform) and Anean Domain, NW Argentina: a comparative review.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 98, 1-4, pp. 143-165.South America, Paraguay, ArgentinaXenoliths
DS201112-0379
2011
Gomes, C.B., Velaquez, V.F., Azzone, R.G., Paula, G.S.Alkaline magmatism in the Amambay area, NE Paraguay: the Cerro Sarambi complex.Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 32, 1, pp. 75-95.South America, ParaguayMagmatism - not specific to diamonds
DC201112-2866
2011
Latin American Minerals Inc.Latin American Minerals signs letter of intent with Olivut Resources for development at its Itapoty diamond project.Latin American Minerals Inc., Feb. 16, 1p.South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DC201112-2867
2011
Latin American Minerals Inc.Latin American Minerals Inc. announced that on July 5, 2011, it signed a definitive option agreement for the potential earn-in and joint venture development ItapotyLatin American Minerals Inc., Olivut Resources, July 5, 2p.South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DC201112-2933
2011
Olivut Resources Ltd.Olivut provides update on exploration programs. Hoam, Itapoty, Rivera.Olivut Resources Ltd., Sept. 15, 2p.Canada, Northwest Territories, South America, Paraguay, UruguayNews item - press release
DC201112-2934
2011
Olivut Resources Ltd.Olivut Resources Ltd. announces signing of a definitive option agreement to explore diamond properties in Paraguay, South America.Olivut Resources Ltd., Latin American Minerals Inc., July 5, 1p.South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DC201201-2437
2011
Olivut Resources Ltd.Provides update on South American projects.... Itapoty and Rivera.Olivut Resources Ltd., Nov. 29, 1p.South America, Paraguay, UruguayNews item - press release
DM201204-1213
2012
London Mining JournalBrazilian states propose new taxes.London Mining Journal, March 23, 1/4p.South America, Brazil, ParaguayNews item - legal
DS201212-0043
2011
Baez Presser, J.L.Seismological distinction between Archean and Proterozoic mantle: the lithospheric root beneath Parana Basin, South America. **in spaReportes Cientificos, Vol. 2, 1, pp. 45-72.South America, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina, UruguayCraton, geophysics - seismics
DS201212-0442
2012
Marangoni, Y.R., Mantovani, M.S.M.Geophysical signatures of the alkaline intrusions bordering the Parana Basin.Journal of South American Earth Sciences, in press available, 48p.South America, Paraguay, BrazilGeophysics - magnetics
DS201212-0674
2012
Smith, C.B., Bulanova, G.P., Presser, J.L.B.Diamonds from Capibary, Paraguay10th. International Kimberlite Conference Held Bangalore India Feb. 6-11, Poster abstractSouth America, ParaguayDeposit - Itapapoty
DC201302-2854
2013
Olivut Resources Ltd.Provides exploration update. HOAM, ItapotyOlivut Resources Ltd., Jan. 4, 1p.Canada, Northwest Territories, South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DC201305-2941
2013
Olivut Resources Ltd.Provides update on innovative funding commitment and exploration plans.Olivut Resources Ltd., April 8, 1p.Canada, Northwest Territories, South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DC201306-2978
2013
Olivut Resources Ltd.Funding update.Olivut Resources Ltd., May 14, 1p.Canada, Northwest Territories, South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DC201308-3047
2013
Olivut Resources Ltd.Exploration and funding update. Hoam project - aeromag targets… rainy weather in Itapoty.Olivut Resources Ltd., July 12, 1p.Canada, Northwest Territories, South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DC201309-3079
2013
Olivut Resources Ltd.Exploration and funding update. JV terminated with LAT.Olivut Resources Ltd., August 14, 1p.Canada, Northwest Territories, South America, ParaguayNews item - press release
DS201412-0030
2014
Baez Presser, J.L.Distincion seismologia entre el manto arqueozico y el proterozoico: una actualizacion del craton Rio de La Plata.Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 18, 1, June pp. 62-66.South America, ParaguayGeophysics - seismics
DS201412-0031
2014
Baez Presser, J.L., Bitschene, P.R., Vladykin, N.V.Comentarios sobre la gologia, la petrografia y la quimica mineral de Algunas lamproitas de la porcion norte de la cordillera del Ybytyruzu, Paragual oriental.Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 18, 1, June pp. 24-61.South America, ParaguayMineral chemistry - Lamproites?
DS201412-0032
2014
Baez Presser, J.L., Bulanova, G.P., Smith, C.B.Diamantes de Capiibary, DPTO. Dan Pedro, Paraguay.Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 18, 1, June, pp. 5-23.South America, ParaguayAlluvials, diamonds
DS201412-0712
2014
Presser, J.L.B., Bulanova, G.P., Smith, C.B.Diamantes de Capiibary, DPTO. San Pedro, Paraguay.Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 17, 2, pp. 5-23.South America, ParaguayProject - Capiibary
DS201412-0951
2014
Vladykin, N.V., Btschene, P., Presser, J.L.B.Lamproitas de la porcion norte de la cordillera del Ybytytuzu, Paraguay oriental: YZU-6.6 Simposio Brasileiro de Geologia do Diamante, Aug. 3-7, 5p. AbstractSouth America, ParaguayLamproite
DS201504-0191
2015
Comin-Chiaramonti, P., Gomes, C.B., De Min, A., Ernesto, M., Gasparon, M.Magmatism along the high Paraguay River at the border of Brazil and Paraguay: a review and new constraints on emplacement ages.Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 58, March pp. 72-81.South America, Paraguay, BrazilGeochronology

Abstract: The magmatic rocks from Alto Paraguay (High Paraguay River extensional lineament), western Apa craton, mainly consist of several major circular alkaline complexes and some rhyolitic domes and ignimbrites. The former are characterized by intrusive Na-alkaline rock-types (nepheline syenites and syenites and effusive equivalents) topped by lava flows and ignimbrites. Two main evolved suites were defined using petrochemical and Sr- isotope data: an agpaitic suite in the north and a miaskitic suite in the south. The domes of subalkaline rhyolitic lavas and ignimbrites occur to the north of the alkaline complexes, along the Paraguay River, near the town of Fuerte Olimpo. The emplacement ages of the alkaline complexes were constrained using the K-Ar, Ar-Ar, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd dating methods on whole rocks and/or mineral separates (amphibole, alkali feldspar and biotite). Ages are quite variable (Upper Permian to Middle Triassic), with average K-Ar and Ar-Ar ages of 248.8 ± 4.8 and 241.8 ± 1.1 Ma, respectively, and Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd age data giving best values from 248 ± 4 to 244 ± 27 Ma and from 256 ± 3 to 257 ± 3 Ma, respectively. In contrast, the Fuerte Olimpo volcanics show a Mesoproterozoic age (1.3 Ga, K-Ar and Ar-Ar radiometric methods; and 1.42 ± 0.24 to 1.30 ± 0.03 Ga, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd methods, respectively). Rb-Sr systematics (87Sr/86Sr initial ratios ? 0.7038) highlight a relatively "primitive" character of the Na-alkaline magmatic source(s), in contrast with the "crustal" values (87Sr/86Sr initial ratio ? 0.7105) of the Fuerte Olimpo rhyolites. Thus, magmatism in the Alto Paraguay area is related to two extensional events: a younger event corresponding to the Permian-Triassic alkaline rocks, and an older event connected to the Precambrian volcanic acidic rocks.
DS201509-0422
2015
Presser, J.Mantle tomography Itapoti diamond area [email protected], pdf fileSouth America, ParaguayGeophysics - seismics
DS201609-1712
2016
Comin-Chiaramonti, P., Renzulli, A., Ridolfi, F., Enrich, G.E.R., Gomes, C.B., De Min, A., Azzone, R.G., Ruberti, E.Late stage magmatic to deuteric metasomatic accessory minerals from the Cerro Boggiani agpaitic complex ( Alto Paraguay alkaline province.Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 71, pp. 248-261.South America, ParaguayCarbonatite

Abstract: This work describes rare accessory minerals in volcanic and subvolcanic silica-undersaturated peralkaline and agpaitic rocks from the Permo-Triassic Cerro Boggiani complex (Eastern Paraguay) in the Alto Paraguay Alkaline Province. These accessory phases consist of various minerals including Th-U oxides/silicates, Nb-oxide, REE-Sr-Ba bearing carbonates-fluorcarbonates-phosphates-silicates and Zr-Na rich silicates. They form a late-stage magmatic to deuteric/metasomatic assemblage in agpaitic nepheline syenites and phonolite dykes/lava flows made of sodalite, analcime, albite, fluorite, calcite, ilmenite-pyrophanite, titanite and zircon. It is inferred that carbonatitic fluids rich in F, Na and REE percolated into the subvolcanic system and metasomatically interacted with the Cerro Boggiani peralkaline and agpaitic silicate melts at the thermal boundary layers of the magma chamber, during and shortly after their late-stage magmatic crystallization and hydrothermal deuteric alteration.
DS201609-1735
2016
Omarini, R.H., Gasparon, M., De Min, A.M., Comin-Chiaramonti, P.An overview of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism and tectonics of Eastern Paraguay and central Andes ( western Gondwana): implications for the composition of mantle sources.Journal of South American Earth Sciences, In press available, 19p.South America, ParaguayMagmatism
DS201611-2128
2016
Omarini, R.H., Gasparon, M., De Min, A., Comin-Chiaramonti, P.An overview of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism and tectonics in Eastern Paraguay and central Andes ( Western Gondwana): implications for the composition of mantle sources.Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 72, pp. 302-314.South America, ParaguayMagmatism

Abstract: The amalgamation of the Western Gondwana (including the Greater Gondwana supercraton) occurred at 600 Ma during the Brazilian - Pan African orogeny. A plate junction related to this event is marked by the Transbrazilian lineament which separates the South American continent into two sectors: the Eastern Paraguay-Brazilian and Central Andean domains. An overview of the geodynamic data from these two sectors indicates that the two domains were subjected to distinct evolutions from the Proterozoic to the present. The Andean domain is characterized by long-lived subduction processes linked to the convergence and consequent collision of microplates since the Middle Proterozoic (western Amazonian Craton) with a peak at about 600-580 Ma. The Paraguay-Brazilian domain remained relatively stable but was affected by extension episodes that reactivated ancient (Early and Middle Proterozoic) suture zones. These different geodynamic evolutions seem to reflect broadly distinct mantle compositions. In the subduction zones of the Andean domain the mantle was deeply modified by metasomatic processes following the subduction of oceanic plates. Consequently, the Andean type magma sources show a clear HIMU imprint inherited from the MORB, whereas the Paraguay-Brazilian sector shows a prevalent EMI and subordinate EMII character. The petrological data mainly from Mesozoic and Cenozoic magmatic events in the two sectors are reviewed to investigate the current mantle plume and mantle dome models for the uprising of the asthenospheric (or sub-lithospheric) material.
DS201702-0199
2016
Castillo Clerici, A.M., Gomes, C.B., De Min, A., Comin-Chiaramonti, P.Heavy minerals in the sediments from Paraguay rivers as indicators for diamond occurrences. IN Port**Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 20, 2, pp. 188-204. pdf available in * PortSouth America, ParaguayGeochemistry - indicator minerals

Abstract: Many diamondiferous kimberlites in the Lac de Gras region of the Northwest Territories are concealed by glacial drift, rendering them challenging to detect by traditional exploration techniques that exploit residual surface chemistry. Much research has been aimed at the development of deep penetrating geochemical exploration technologies to increase the rate of discovery whilst reducing risk and exploration cost. However, results from a detailed study of soil geochemistry above the DO-18 kimberlite (Peregrine Diamonds) demonstrate the potential to apply conventional surface geochemical techniques coupled with surface material mapping and landscape evolution models to the evaluation of discrete targets. 50 soil samples from the oxidized upper B-horizon in a detailed grid crossing the concealed kimberlite were collected. Samples, screened to -180 microns, were analysed by multi-element ICP-MS following 4-acid, aqua-regia and deionized water extractions. Fp-XRF was utilised as an equivalent total method to evaluate its applicability. Sequential leach on selected samples was undertaken to understand the deportment of the elements of interest within the soils. Surficial mapping included soil type, topographic variation, landforms, environment and vegetation. This allows an assessment of surface controls on the geochemistry, in particular the generation of false anomalies from chemical traps such as swamps; and allows the generation of a landscape development model. Hydrocarbons, analysed using the SGH and Gore-sorber techniques, were evaluated to characterize the type and abundance of complex hydrocarbons above the kimberlite relative to above the host granitic gneiss. Geochemical data is subject to landform generation processes. The northern half of the grid comprises till with numerous frost boils. The southern half, at lower topography below a distinct break, is dominated by sand-rich material and fine clay. Results from the 4-acid and aqua regia extraction show a dispersion of Nb, Ni, Mg, Ce, Cr and Cs from directly above the northern part of the kimberlite to the edge of the sampling grid, approximately 500 metres to the northwest, following glacial dispersion. SGH-hydrocarbon results exhibit a similar pattern in light-alkyl benzenes. Fp-XRF data repeats the pattern in all elements except Mg, where the concentrations are too low for reliable detection. In the southern half of the grid, at a lower topographic level, geochemical responses are considerably more subtle. It is hypothesised that anomaly formation in the till followed standard glacial dispersion in the down ice trend. Material was entrained to the surface from deeper in the till, locally above the kimberlite, by frost boil action. The southern part of the area is considered to have been inundated with water, the remains of which comprise the current lake over the DO-27 kimberlite approximately 400m to the south. Sediments in this area are clay rich - comprising material deposited by the lake, or re-worked sandy material along the palaeo-lake margin and subsequent erosional channels. These later processes acted to further disperse, conceal and dilute the signal of the underlying body.
DS201702-0233
2016
Presser, J.L.B.Diamantes en Paraguay, Cincuenta an Os de occurrencia. ** PortBoletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 20, 2, pp. 154-187. pdf available in * PortSouth America, ParaguayLamproite

Abstract: Diamonds in Eastern-Paraguay began to be recognized in the 60s of last century near the town of Capiibary Dept. San Pedro; but it was only formalized the occurrence in 2008. In Capiibary and around, over 100 macro (1 ~ 3 mm) diamond (colorless, shades of brown and rare shades of pink, blue and green) were recovered from alluvial deposits. Micro-diamonds and small macro-diamonds were separated from sediment (conglomeratic/breccia´s/others; rich in indicators mineral: eclogitic garnets, rounded ilmenite, chromite, frosting-tourmaline, zircon, etc.) interpreted as reworked primary source. In the same locality 20 diamonds in its external morphology, internal structure, its mineral inclusions and the nitrogen content and state of aggregation were studied. The late 90s of last century diamonds were recovered from re-worked volcanic facies a probable pipe of Mesozoic picrític calc-alkaline lamprophyre, in the vicinity of the town of La Colmena in the Dept. Paraguari. Few later years (2003), some ten kilometers to the east, a mining company announced that it had found macro-diamond in a lamproite dyke (also Mesozoic) of 4 meters wide, along the Cordillera del Ybytyruzú, Dept. of Guaira. The same mining company notice that have found macro (~ 1 mm) diamonds in other departments of East Paraguay. It was also in late 2003 that were found in stream sediments, alluvium, soil and primary weathered rock /primary reworked -macro (millimeter) diamonds (colorless, yellow, pink, green, brown) accompanied by high concentration of indicator minerals (eclogitic garnets, rounded ilmenite, chromite, rutile, frosting-tourmaline, Fe-Ti-staurolite, zircon, etc.) around the town of Puentesiño (and adjacent areas), Dept. of Concepcion. More recently regional research work allowed locate macro (> 0.5 to 2 mm) diamonds in alluvial deposits and fine/coarse sediments (probable primary re-worked rock -also accompanied by high concentration of indicator minerals: rounded ilmenite, chromite, rutile, frosting-tourmaline, zircons, etc.) between the Department Concepción-Amambay -in the vicinity of Mesozoic carbonatitic alkaline complex. Officially between the 90s of last century to date have collected (Paraguay-East) around 5000 (for diamonds/indicator minerals) samples of stream sediment, soil, termite nest, weathered rock. Some samples (Puentesiño-around and Capiibary and vicinity) produced indicator minerals were analyzed in their chemical composition: eclogitic garnets (G-3 and G-4); picro-chromites (some with Zn and Mn); chromite-spinel; Mn-ilmenite, Ti-K-tourmaline (frosting-tourmaline); rutile and Fe-Ti-estaurolites. Eclogitic-garnets, picro-chromites and frosting-tourmaline reproduces compatible parameters with its association with diamonds (in the mantle and/or primary rocks). The composition of chromite-spinel, K-Ti-tourmaline, Mn-ilmenite and Zircons supported by the types of eclogitic-garnets and some forms of diamonds-corrosion suggest that the primary source for the diamonds try to lamproites. The tectonic environment, deduced from seismic tomography (Model TX2011 -dVs%) -supported by calculations of P in eclogitic garnets and in picro-chromites, correspond to a block Archon (Apa) of Rio de La Plata Craton. Archon- block that it would be deep (about 250-280 km deep) and thus ideal for the occurrence of primary productive sources of diamond.
DS201702-0234
2016
Presser, J.L.B., Farina-Dolsa, S., Larroza-Cristaldo, F.A., Rocca, M., Alonso, R.N., Acededo, R.D., Cabral-Antunez, N.D., Baller, L., Zarza-Lima, P.R., Sekatcheff, J.M.Modeled mega impact structures in Paraguay: II the eastern region. **PortBoletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 20, 2, pp. 205-213. pdf available in * PortSouth America, ParaguayImpact Crater

Abstract: We report here the discovery and study of several new modeled large impact craters in Eastern Paraguay, South America. They were studied by geophysical information (gravimetry, magnetism), field geology and also by microscopic petrography. Clear evidences of shock metamorphic effects were found (e.g., diaplectic glasses, PF, PDF in quartz and feldspar) at 4 of the modeled craters: 1) Negla: diameter:~80-81 km., 2) Yasuka Renda D:~96 km., 3) Tapyta, D: ~80 km. and 4) San Miguel, D: 130-136 km. 5) Curuguaty, D: ~110 km. was detected and studied only by geophysical information. Target-rocks range goes from the crystalline Archaic basement to Permian sediments. The modeled craters were in some cases cut by tholeiitic/alkaline rocks of Mesozoic age and partially covered by lavas of the basaltic Mesozoic flows (Negla, Yasuka Renda, Tapyta and Curuguaty). One of them was covered in part by sediments of Grupo Caacupé (age: Silurian/Devonian). Some of these modeled craters show gold, diamonds, uranium and REE mineral deposits associated. All new modeled large impact craters are partially to markedly eroded.
DC201706-1263
2017
Five Star Diamonds LimitedFive Star Diamonds Limited ( formerly Turquoise Capital Corp) completes qualifing transaction and private placement. CatalaoFive Star Diamonds Limited, April 24, 3p.South America, Brazil, ParaguayNews item - press release
DC201706-1264
2017
Five Star Diamonds LimitedJaibaras diamond project update - drilling to commence within three weeks. ( De Beers backgrounder) and note on Catalao.Five Star Diamonds Limited, May 9, 4p.South America, Brazil, ParaguayNews item - press release
DS201707-1359
2017
Presser, J.L.B., Vladykin, N.V., Bitschene, P.R., Tondo, M.J., Acevedo, R.D., Alonso, R., Benitez, P.Olivine-lamproite from Ybtyruzu lamproite field, eastern Paraguay. *** In SpaPyroclastic Flow *** Spa, Vol. 7, 1, pp. 1-15.South America, Paraguaylamproite

Abstract: Numerous Mesozoic bodies of lamproite-like intrusions are located NE and E of the city of Villarrica, Guairá Department, in eastern Paraguay. This magmatic field, known as Ybytyruzú Field, lies immediately on the margin of the SW part of Paranapanemá cratonic-block, just of the Asunción rift backs-horst and so related to deep crustal/lithospheric fracture zones.Mostly of observed rocks are weathered, however fresh samples were collected in dykes from Acaty (=Yzu-2), Tacuarita (=Yzu-7); lava/breccias from Mbocayaty (=Yzu-3); and sill from Salto Boni (=Yzu-6). They intrude, both, the sediments (Independencia Group and Misiones Formation) and the tholeiitic basalts of the Paraná Basin. In the present study we have performed petrographic and mineral chemistry data to show that all of the study rocks, from the Ybytyruzú Field, are lamproites (leucite lamproite from Yzu-2/Yzu-3/Yzu-7 and sanidine lamproite from Yzu-6).With respect to Yzu-2, Yzu-3 and Yzu-6, the following analyzes show the lamproite character: -phenocrysts/microphenocrysts of: olivine (mg# (Mg/(Mg+Fe)) 0.80-0.85), Al-poor diopside (Al2O3 0.53-2.09% and TiO2 0.65-1.61%), phlogopite/Al-poor-Ti phlogopite (mg# 0.76-0.85, TiO2 5.8-10.2% and Al2O3 12.7-13.9%), Mg-Ti magnetites and leucite (pseudomorphs). -and matrix phases of: Al-poor diopside (Al2O3 0.39-2.46% and TiO2 0.43-1.55%), Al-poor-Ti phlogopite/biotite (mg# 0.57-0.80, TiO2 5.6-10.2% and Al2O3 8.9-12.8%), Mg-Ti magnetites/Ti-magnetites; sanidine (0-4.0% Fe2O3, 0-2.6% BaO and 0-2.5% Na2O). And as accessory phases, ilmenite (0.2-5.7% MgO and 0.3-6.6% MnO), K and Ti-rich Feeckermanite/richterite (1.32-3.6% K2O and 4.7-9.0% TiO2), K-rich Fe-Mg-Mn amphiboles, apatite and quartz (Yzu-6). And so, Ybytyruzú lamproite-like intrusions authenticates the true lamproitic province in Paraguay. III; INTERNATIONAL, 2000 BRAZIL 2000; 3 1ST INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGICAL CONGRESS; ABSTRACTS VOLUME
DS201710-2257
2017
Presser, J.L.B., Tondo, M.J., Dolsa, S.F., Rocca, M.C.L., Alonso, R.N., Benetiz, P., Larroza, F.A., Duarte, B.J.R., Cabral-Antunez, N.D.Brief comments on the impact metamorphism in Cerro Leon quartzites, western Paraguay. English abstract ** in PORTPyroclastic Flow, Vol. 7, 1,pp. 16-24.South America, Paraguayimpact diamonds

Abstract: The petrographic study of two samples (quartzite and impactite) of Cerro León, a mountain range located in the middle of very probable impact basins (Cerro Leon-1, 2, 3 and 4-department of Alto Paraguay, Western-Paraguay) indicated evidences of impact metamorphism: PDFs (Not decorated and decorated) and diaplectic glass. Associated with diaplectic glass, impact diamonds or diamond/lonsdaleite crystals (micro and small macros) were observed with a range of morphologies including isolated and mostly agglutinated crystal varieties. Impact diamonds estimated to have formed by carbonate impact metamorphism present in the sedimentary target-rock of the Silurian/Devonian age. The identification of elements that reveal the impact metamorphism, in the analyzed samples of the Cerro León, evidences that the area of occurrence that would have been indicated as Very Probable Impact Basin, would be more of an Impact Basin.
DS201712-2720
2017
Presser Baez, J.L.Presser states this is a series of short essays, a task that during this time helped to understand and improve the definition of the craton (Lito-Archon) Rio de la plata. It is intended to be published at the 7th. Brazilian Symposium of Diamond Geology injaimeleonardobp@ gmail.com, Nov. 16, 25p. Lito-archon-Jaime.pdfSouth America, Brazil, Paraguay, globalcraton - Rio de la plata
DS201802-0259
2017
Presser, J.L.B., Alonso, R.N., Farina Dolsa, S., Larroza, F.A., Rocca, M.C.L., Hornes, K., Baller, L.Impact metamorphism evidence of Negla and Yasuka Renda large impact crater. ***PORT only abstract in eng Boletin Museum History Natural Paraguay ***IN PORT, Vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 69-82. pdfSouth America, Paraguayimpact craters
DS201803-0471
2018
Presser, J.L.B.An approach to geoethics in Paraguay. Diamonds mentionedAcededo, R.G., Frias, J.M. eds Geoethics in Latin America, Springer Publisher, Chapter 12, 11p. PdfSouth America, Paraguaydiamond mining
DS201904-0767
2019
Presser, J.L.Diamond Occurrences in Paraguay.Diamond Development Exploration Event, 55 ppts. Pdf availableSouth America, Paraguaydiamond occurrences
DS202001-0033
2019
Presser, J.L.B.The diamonds-bearing picritic lamprophyre Ymi-1. ** PORTPyroclastic Flow, Vol. 9, 1, pp. 23-34.South America, Paraguaydeposit - Ymi-1

Abstract: The so-called rift/graben of Asunción was formed in the central-northern portion of the Archon lithospheric nucleus of the Rio de la Plata craton. This structure, related to a crustal thinning, likely resulted from an extraterrestrial impact which produced the San Miguel impact crater. The impact structure is located immediately to the south of the Asunción rift/graben. Within the central E-W segment of the rift/graben and in association with other igneous rocks (potasic to ultra-potasic) of around 130-125 Ma, the picritic rock pipe with lamprofidic texture Ymi-1 occurs. This pipe is found in the lower region of this rift/graben through faults (depths of up to -3000 m). Rocks of a plug and a dike exposed in the pipe Ymi-1 show that it is a strongly porphyritic rock with tendencies of lamprophiric texture formed by micro-feno crystals and mega-crystals of forsteritic olivine (>10 to 30% modal); mega-phenocrysts of Ti-Al diopside and micro-phenocrysts of chromite (Mg-chromite poor in Ti and Mg-Ti chromite); they are supported by an inter-granular matrix formed by aluminosus diopside, Al-Ti-phlogopite/biotite, Mg-Ti-magnetite, amphiboles (hornblends, eckernmanite together with some other potassium to sodic titaniferous amphiboles) accompanied by sanidine, analcime and traces of plagioclase (poor in An molecules). The mineral chemistry of spinels, phlogopites/biotites and diopsids are strongly compatible with mineral chemistry known in calc-alkaline lamprophyres. The rock chemistry of one available dyke is also compatible with the chemistry of calc-alkaline lamprophyres.Ymi-1 is a calc-alkaline picritic lamprophyre pipe where the study of the chromite (50-57 % Cr2O3) type and frosting-tourmaline ("dravites"), obtained in rock and in heavy mineral concentrates (in volcano-epiclastic sediments and in stream sediments -collected in its bed) suggest that it would be a diamond-bearing lamprophyre. The presence of diamonds was confirmed (by X-rays and other methods) in the Ymi-1 pipe. 1D S-wave seismic profile of continental data, for the pipe Ymi-1 site, suggests a geothermal gradient between 38.5 to 39 mW/m2, thus the Ymi-1 calc-alkaline lamprophyre an attractive target for an eventual diamond deposit. Supplementary materials S1 - PDF (Figuras suplementarias) S2 - PDF (Geoquímica mineral) https://pyflow.net/joomla30/index.php/9-all-issues/38-el-lamprofido-picritico-con-diamantes-ymi-1.
DS202010-1833
2020
Clerici, A.M.C., Gomes, C.B.. De Min, A., Comin-Chiaramnti, P.Heavy minerals in the sediments from Paraguay rivers as indicators for diamond occurrences.Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Paraguay, , Vol. 20, 2, pp. 188-204. pdfSouth America, Paraguaygeochemistry

Abstract: After some works of Jaime Baez-Presse that quoted the presence of diamonds in Eastern Paraguay, we have perfprmed a whole sampling a study relative to the indicator mineral for diamonds. Indicator minerals are mineral species that, when appearing as transported grains in clastic sediments, indicate the presence in bedrock of a specific type of mineralization, hydrothermal alteration or lithology. Their physical and chemical characteristics, including a relatively high density (heavy minerals), facilitate their preservation and identification. The heavy minerals represent an important exploration method for detecting a variety of ore deposit types including diamond, gold, Ni-Cu, PGE, and so on.. One of the most significant events in the application of indicator mineral methods in the past was the diamond exploration. This paper provides an overview of indicator mineral methods, i.e. presence of Cr-diopside, Pyrope-rich garnet and Picroilmenite, for diamond exploration along the Eastern Paraguay river. Unfortunately the above heavy mineraks, generally associated to the diamonds, do not appear in Eastern Paraguay, excluding this Country as a potential source for the diamond as economic potential source.
DS202010-1834
2020
Cordani, U.G., Colombo, C.G., Tassinari, C.G., Rolim, D.R.The basement of the Rio Apa craton in Mato Grosso do Sul ( Brazil and northern Paraguay): a geochronological correlation with the tectonic provinces of the south western craton.Researchgate, 2p. Abstract in englishSouth America, Brazil, Mato Grosso, Paraguaycraton

Abstract: The Rio Apa cratonic fragment crops out in Mato Grosso do Sul State of Brazil and in northeastern Paraguay. It comprises Paleo-Mesoproterozoic medium grade metamorphic rocks, intruded by granitic rocks, and is covered by the Neoprotero-zoic deposits of the Corumbá and Itapocumi Groups. Eastward it is bound by the southern portion of the Paraguay belt. In this work, more than 100 isotopic determina-tions, including U-Pb SHRIMP zircon ages, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd whole-rock determina-tions, as well as K-Ar and Ar-Ar mineral ages, were reassessed in order to obtain a complete picture of its regional geological history. The tectonic evolution of the Rio Apa Craton starts with the formation of a series of magmatic arc complexes. The oldest U-Pb SHRIMP zircon age comes from a banded gneiss collected in the northern part of the region, with an age of 1950 23 Ma. The large granitic intrusion of the Alumiador Batholith yielded a U-Pb zircon age of 1839 33 Ma, and from the southeastern part of the area two orthogneisses gave zircon U-Pb ages of 1774 26 Ma and 1721 25 Ma. These may be coeval with the Alto Tererê metamorphic rocks of the northeastern corner, intruded in their turn by the Baía das Garças granitic rocks, one of them yielding a zircon U-Pb age of 1754 49 Ma. The original magmatic protoliths of these rocks involved some crustal component, as indicated by the Sm-Nd T DM model ages, between 1.9 and 2.5 Ga. Regional Sr isotopic homogenization, associated with tectonic deformation and medium-grade metamorphism occurred at approximately 1670 Ma, as suggested by Rb-Sr whole rock reference isochrons. Finally, at 1300 Ma ago, the Ar work indicates that the Rio Apa Craton was affected by widespread regional heating, when the temperature probably exceeded 350°C. Geographic distribution, age and isotopic signature of the lithotectonic units suggest the existence of a major suture separating two different tectonic domains, juxtaposed at about 1670 Ma. From that time on, the unified Rio Apa continental block behaved as one coherent and stable tectonic unit. It correlates well with the SW corner of the Amazonian Craton, where the medium-grade rocks of the Juruena-Rio Negro tectonic province, with ages between 1600 and 1780 Ma, were reworked at about 1300 Ma. Looking at the largest scale, the Rio Apa Craton is probably attached to the larger Amazonian Craton, and the actual configuration of southwestern South America is possibly due to a complex arrangement of allochthonous blocks such as the Arequipa, Antofalla and Pampia, with different sizes, that may have originated as disrupted parts of either Laurentia or Amazonia, and were trapped during later collisions of these continental masses.
DS202010-1867
2020
Presser, J.L.B., Benitez, P.Eclogitic geotherms of the Rio de la Plata craton archon-core: Estancia Trementina and Puentesino, Dpto. Of Concepccion-Paraguay. Compared to two large diamond deposits Argyle ( lamproitic ) and Orapa ( kimberlitic.[email protected], 13p. Pdf 330360071South America, Paraguaygeothermometry
DS202010-1868
2020
Presser, J.L.B., Monteiro, M., Maldonado, A.Impact diamonds in an extravagant metal piece found in Paraguay. *** PORTHistoria Natural *** english abstract, Vol. 10, 2, 12p. PdfSouth America, Paraguaymeteorite

Abstract: Around 70 km SSE of Chovoreca Hill (Paraguay), a pitcher-like metal piece weighing approximately 303 kg was found. Several studies have been carried out on this piece. Metallographic examination resembles cast iron that presents eutectoid microtextures, but the metal showed Neumann lines. Small fragments of the piece were diluted in concentrated HCl and with this it was possible to obtain colorless crystals, with size ranging from 10 ?m to 1 mm, approximately; SEM/EDS studies showed that major element present is carbon which suggests the presence of diamonds. Raman spectroscopy proved that crystals are diamonds, that showing bands in the “lonsdaleite/diamond zone”, further, the results also showed bands that accuse that the carbon of the diamonds are of meteoritic origin. From the calculus of the FWHM with values around to 42-373 cm-1 centered on 1282 cm-1 peak could be an indication of a very powerful impact that would have formed the diamonds.
DS202011-2034
2016
Castillo Clerici, A.M., Gomes, C.B., De Min, A., Comin-Chiaramonti, P.Heavy minerals in the sediments from Paraguay rivers as indicators for diamonds occurrences. *** NOTE DATEBol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Parag. *** ENG, Vol. 20, 2, pp. 188-204. pdfSouth America, Paraguaygeochemistry

Abstract: After some works of Jaime Baez-Presse that quoted the presence of diamonds in Eastern Paraguay, we have perfprmed a whole sampling a study relative to the indicator mineral for diamonds. Indicator minerals are mineral species that, when appearing as transported grains in clastic sediments, indicate the presence in bedrock of a specific type of mineralization, hydrothermal alteration or lithology. Their physical and chemical characteristics, including a relatively high density (heavy minerals), facilitate their preservation and identification. The heavy minerals represent an important exploration method for detecting a variety of ore deposit types including diamond, gold, Ni-Cu, PGE, and so on.. One of the most significant events in the application of indicator mineral methods in the past was the diamond exploration. This paper provides an overview of indicator mineral methods, i.e. presence of Cr-diopside, Pyrope-rich garnet and Picroilmenite, for diamond exploration along the Eastern Paraguay river. Unfortunately the above heavy mineraks, generally associated to the diamonds, do not appear in Eastern Paraguay, excluding this Country as a potential source for the diamond as economic potential source.
DS202101-0030
2020
Presser, J.L.B., Benitez, P.Eclogitic geotherms of the Rio de la Plata craton archon-core: Estancia Trementina and Puentesino, Dpto. Of Concepion - Paraguay. Compared to two large diamond deposits Argyle ( lamproitic) and Orapa ( Kimberlitic).Linked in, 20p. PdfSouth America, Paraguaygeothermometry
DS202102-0217
2021
Presser, J.B.Lamproites of the Kaapvaal type, two reference mines: Finch with 59.9 cpht and Dokolwayo with 30 cpht. Others …..https://www.linkedin.com/in/jaime-I-b-presser, Jan. 7, 8p. Africa, South Africa, Australia, South America, Paraguaylamproite
DS202108-1305
2021
Presser, J.L.B., Benitez, P.Geophysical constraints of the Rio de la Plata archon craton.Historia Natural, Vol. 11, 2, pp. 17-37. pdfSouth America, Paraguaygeophysics
DS202108-1306
2021
Presser, J.L.B., Benitez, P.Eclogitic geotherms of the Rio de la Plata craton archon-core. Estancia Trementina and Puentesino, DPTO. Of Concepcion - Parauay. Compared of two large diamond deposits Argyle ( lamproitic ) and Orapa ( kimberlitic).Historia Natural, Vol. 11, 2, pp. 5-16. pdfSouth America, Paraguay, Australia, Africa, Botswanadeposit - Argyle, Orapa
DS202110-1610
2021
de Barros Gomes, C., Azzone, R.G., Rojas, G.E.E., Guarino, V., Ruberti, E.Agpaitic alkaline rocks in southern Brazilian platform: a review.Minerals MDPI, Vol. 11, 934, 30p. PdfSouth America, Brazil, Paraguayalkaline magmatism

Abstract: General information is presented on ten agpaitic occurrences located in southern Brazil and at the border between Brazil and Paraguay. All the Brazilian agpaitic rocks are Late Cretaceous in age, whereas the Paraguayan ones are older than Early Triassic. The most significant occurrence is Poços de Caldas, the largest alkaline massif in South America. In general, these agpaitic rocks contain mineral assemblages that indicate presence of typical halogen-bearing Na-Ca-HFSE phases, eudialyte-, rinkite- and wöhlerite-group minerals being the most frequent ones. However, these associations are indeed more complex in terms of composition, with accessory phases in some cases consisting of various minerals, including U-Th oxides/silicates, Nb oxides, REE-Sr-Ba bearing carbonates-fluorocarbonates-phosphates-silicates and Zr-Na rich silicates. They usually form late magmatic stage to hydrothermal/deuteric assemblages linked with coarse and fine-grained, mainly silica-undersaturated evolved rocks. Data also indicate significant differences in type, amount and composition of agpaitic minerals in all investigated occurrences.
 
 

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