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SDLRC - Scientific Articles all years by Author - Z


The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation
The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation is compiled by Patricia Sheahan who publishes on a monthly basis a list of new scientific articles related to diamonds as well as media coverage and corporate announcementscalled the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service that is distributed as a free pdf to a list of followers. Pat has kindly agreed to allow her work to be made available as an online digital resource at Kaiser Research Online so that a broader community interested in diamonds and related geology can benefit. The references are for personal use information purposes only; when available a link is provided to an online location where the full article can be accessed or purchased directly. Reproduction of this compilation in part or in whole without permission from the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service is strictly prohibited. Return to Diamond Resource Center
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Scientific Articles by Author for all years
A-An Ao+ B-Bd Be-Bk Bl-Bq Br+ C-Cg Ch-Ck Cl+ D-Dd De-Dn Do+ E F-Fn Fo+ G-Gh Gi-Gq Gr+ H-Hd He-Hn Ho+ I J K-Kg Kh-Kn Ko-Kq Kr+ L-Lh
Li+ M-Maq Mar-Mc Md-Mn Mo+ N O P-Pd Pe-Pn Po+ Q R-Rh Ri-Rn Ro+ S-Sd Se-Sh Si-Sm Sn-Ss St+ T-Th Ti+ U V W-Wg Wh+ X Y Z
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Media/Corporate References by Name for all years
A B C D-Diam Diamonds Diamr+ E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Tips for Users
Posted/Published Reference CodesThe SDLRC provides 3 types of references identified in the reference code. DS for scientific article, DM for a media article, and DC for a corporate announcement. Consider DS0512-0001. The DS stands for "diamond scientific". 05 stands for 2005, the year the reference was posted. 12 represents the month the reference was posted. For all years prior to 2015 the default month is 12. -0001 is the reference's identifier and it does not mean anything. The number below the refence code, ie 2015, is the year the article was published. Note that the posted year may sometimes be later than the published year.
Sort OrderReferences are sorted by the "author" name and when the reference was posted to the compilation.
Most RecentIf the reference code is highlighted yellow, the reference was made available through the most recent monthly compilation of new literature. Use this to check out new references. When new references are posted, we make it our priority to track down an online link and obtain an abstract. With regard to older references, tracking down an abstract and an online link is a work in progress.
Link to external location of article: If the title has a link, it means we have found a location online where you can either retrieve the full article free, or purchase access to it. The Sheahan Diamond Literature Service is not a technical article procurement service; if you want a restricted article, you must deal directly with the vendor who controls the copyright to the article.
Searching this page for a specific term or authorIn your Firefox browser click Edit in the menu bar and then Find. In the Find box that shows up at the bottom of the web page enter your search term. Firefox will highlight all occurrences. This is particularly helpful when the author you are seeking was not the lead author by whom the compilation is sorted.
Sending or sharing a referenceThe left column (Posted/Published) has an embedded hyperlink for each reference. In Firefox, if you right click on it, you can obtain the link url for that reference's location within the page, which you can copy and paste into an email or any other document. You can also use the "share this link" option to tweet, facebook etc the link.
Author Index
A-An Ao+ B-Bd Be-Bk Bl-Bq Br+ C-Cg Ch-Ck Cl+ D-Dd De-Dn Do+ E F-Fn Fo+ G-Gh Gi-Gq Gr+ H-Hd He-Hn Ho+ I J K-Kg Kh-Kn Ko-Kq Kr+ L-Lh
Li+ M-Maq Mar-Mc Md-Mn Mo+ N O P-Pd Pe-Pn Po+ Q R-Rh Ri-Rn Ro+ S-Sd Se-Sh Si-Sm Sn-Ss St+ T-Th Ti+ U V W-Wg Wh+ X Y Z
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Scientific Articles by Author for all years - Z
Posted/
Published
AuthorTitleSourceRegionKeywords
DS201902-0332
2018
ZWang, Z, Kusky, T.M., Capitanio, F.A.Water transportation ability of flat lying slabs in the mantle transition zone and implications for craton destruction.Tectonophysics, Vol. 723, pp. 95-106.Mantlecraton

Abstract: Water transported by deep subduction to the mantle transition zone (MTZ) that is eventually released and migrates upwards is invoked as a likely cause for hydroweakening and cratonic lithosphere destruction. The destruction of the North China Craton (NCC) during the Mesozoic has been proposed to be related to hydroweakening. However, the source of water related to large-scale craton destruction in the NCC is poorly constrained. Some suggest that the water was mainly released from a flat-lying (or stagnating) slab in the MTZ, whereas others posit that most water was released from a previously existing strongly hydrous MTZ then perturbed by the stagnating subduction in the MTZ layer. In this study, we use numerical modeling to evaluate the water carrying ability of flat-lying slabs in the MTZ with different slab ages and water contents to simulate its maximum value and discuss its potential role on large-scale hydroweakening and craton destruction. Our results reveal that a single flat-lying slab in the MTZ cannot provide enough water for large-scale cratonic lithosphere hydroweakening and thinning. Water estimates invoked for craton destruction as experienced by the NCC can only be the result of long-term piling of multiple slabs in the MTZ or penetrating deeper into the lower mantle.
DS200812-1304
2008
Zaamwani, I.Zaamwani, I.The economics of rough diamond mining and marketing Feb. 11-12.Israel Diamond Industry Conference, 11:00 PMGlobalDiamond markets
DS1991-1917
1991
Zabo, C.Zabo, C., Taylor, L.A.Mantle xenoliths from alkali basalts in the Nograd-Gomor region of Hungary and CzechoslovakiaProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 401-404Hungary, CzechoslovakiaBasalts, xenoliths, petrography, mineral chemistry, Metasomatism, diapirism, deformation
DS1988-0197
1988
Zaborovskii, V.V.Egorov, K.N., Vladimirov, B.M., Zaborovskii, V.V., et al.Potassium trachyte vein in the region of the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe(yakutia). (Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 298, No. 1, pp. 186-189RussiaBlank
DS1989-1668
1989
Zaborovskiy, V.V.Yegorov, K.N., Vladimirov, B.M., Zaborovskiy, V.V., et al.Find of a potassic trachyte dike near the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, Yakutia #1Doklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 298, No. 1-6, pp. 116-119RussiaDeposit -Udachnaya, Trachyte dike
DS1989-1669
1989
Zaborovskiy, V.V.Yegorov, K.N., Vladimirov, B.M., Zaborovskiy, V.V., NasurdinovFind of a potassic trachyte dike near the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, Yakutia #2Doklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 298, No. 1-6, April pp. 116-118RussiaPetrography, Trachyte
DS1975-0215
1975
Zabrodin, V.YU.Zabrodin, V.YU., Malyshev, A.A.New Alkalic Ultramafic and Carbonatite Complex on the Yenisei Ridge.Doklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section., Vol. 223, No. 1-6, PP. 195-198.RussiaKimberlite
DS1992-1730
1992
Zaburunov, S.A.Zaburunov, S.A.Monitoring our global environmentEarth, Vol. 1, No. 4, July pp. 46-53GlobalEnvironment, Satellites
DS201112-0623
2011
Zaccaria, B.Lucci, F., Cozzupoli, D., Zaccaria, B., White,J., Traversa, G.Mt. Isadalu complex, (Sardinia, Italy): an example of post Hercynian transition from high K calc alkaline to shoshonitic/low K alkaline magmatism.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterEurope, Italy, SardiniaAlkalic
DS200512-1228
2004
Zaccarini, F.Zaccarini, F., Stumpfl, E.F., Garuti, G.Zirconolite and Zr Th U minerals in chromities of the Finero complex, western Alps, Italy: evidence for carbonatite type metasomatism in a subcontinental ... mantle plume.Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 42, 6, pp. 1825-1858.Europe, ItalyMantle plume, carbonatite
DS200712-1212
2007
Zaccarini, F.Zaccarini, F., Thalhammer, O.A.R., Princivalle, F., Lenaz, D., Stanley, C.J., Garuti, G.Djerfisherite in the Guli dunite complex, Polar Siberia: a primary or metasomatic phase?Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 45, 5, Oct. pp. 1201-1211.RussiaMetasomatism
DS2002-0499
2002
Zachary, J.Gao, S.S., Liu, K.H., Chen, C., Hubbard, M., Zachary, J., Zhang, Y.Old rifts never die: crustal thickening across the Midcontinent rift and its possible role in post rifting tectonics.Geological Society of America Annual Meeting Oct. 27-30, Abstract p. 79.AppalachiaTectonics - rifts
DS1920-0299
1926
Zache, H.Scholz, L. , Zache, H.Pomona DiamantenDas Deutsche Kolonialbuch., BERLIN: ANDERMANN VERLAG, PP. 324-330.Southwest Africa, NamibiaDiamonds, Occurrences, Littoral Diamond Placers
DS1998-1620
1998
Zack, T.Zack, T., Brumm, R.Ilmenite/liquid partition coefficients of 26 trace elements determined through ilmenite/clinopyroxene...7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 986-8.GlobalGarnet pyroxenites, Magmatic processes
DS1998-1621
1998
Zack, T.Zack, T., Foley, S., Rivers, T.Trace element partitioning between hydrous minerals ( phengite, zoisite, amphibole) and omphacite: hydrationMineralogical Magazine, Goldschmidt abstract, Vol. 62A, p. 1679-80.GlobalSubduction, Eclogites
DS2002-1765
2002
Zack, T.Zack, T., Foley, S.F., Rivers, T.Equilibrium and disequilibrium trace element partitioning in hydrous eclogites, Trescolmen, Central Alps.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 43, No. 10, Oct.pp. 1947-74.EuropeEclogites - not specific to diamonds
DS2002-1766
2002
Zack, T.Zack, T., Kronz, A., Foley, S.F., Rivers, T.Trace element abundances in rutiles from eclogites and associated garnet mica schistsChemical Geology, Vol. 184, 1-2, pp. 97-122.AlpsSubduction, Heavy minerals - not specific to diamonds
DS2003-1195
2003
Zack, T.Rudnick, R.L., McDonough, W.F.,Tomascak, P.B., Zack, T.Lithium isotopic composition of eclogites - implications for subduction zone processes8 Ikc Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 4, AbstractSierra LeoneMantle geochemistry, Deposit - Koidu
DS2003-1539
2003
Zack, T.Zack, T., Tomascak, P.B., Rudnick, R.L., Dalpe, C., McDonough, W.F.Extremely light Li in orogenic eclogites: the role of isotope fractionation duringEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 208, 3-4, pp. 279-90.MantleEclogites
DS2003-1540
2003
Zack, T.Zack, T., Tomascek, P.R., Rudnick, R.L., Dalpe, C., McDonough, W.F.Extremely light Li in orogenic eclogites: the role of isotope fractionation duringEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 208, 3-4, March 30, pp.279-90.SwitzerlandSubduction - not specific to diamonds
DS200412-1702
2003
Zack, T.Rudnick, R.L., McDonough, W.F.,Tomascak, P.B., Zack, T.Lithium isotopic composition of eclogites - implications for subduction zone processes.8 IKC Program, Session 4, AbstractAfrica, Sierra LeoneMantle geochemistry Deposit - Koidu
DS200412-2194
2003
Zack, T.Zack, T., Tomascak, P.B., Rudnick, R.L., Dalpe, C., McDonough, W.F.Extremely light Li in orogenic eclogites: the role of isotope fractionation during dehydration in subducted oceanic crust.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 208, 3-4, pp. 279-90.MantleEclogite
DS200412-2195
2003
Zack, T.Zack, T., Tomascek, P.R., Rudnick, R.L., Dalpe, C., McDonough, W.F.Extremely light Li in orogenic eclogites: the role of isotope fractionation during dehydration in subducted oceanic crust.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 208, 3-4, March 30, pp.279-90.Europe, SwitzerlandSubduction - not specific to diamonds
DS200512-1229
2004
Zack, T.Zack, T., Moraes, R., Kronz, A.Temperature dependence of Zr in rutile: empirical calibration of a rutile thermometer.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 148, 4, pp. 471-488.Thermometry
DS200712-0567
2007
Zack, T.Konrad-Schmolke, M., Zack, T., O'Brien, P.J.Trace element partitioning in subducted slabs: constraints from garnet inclusions and thermodynamic modelling.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A510.Mantle, NorwaySubduction, UHP
DS200712-1213
2007
Zack, T.Zack, T., John, T.An evaluation of reactive fluid flow and trace element mobility in subducting slabs.Chemical Geology, Vol. 239, 3-4, April 30, pp. 199-216MantleSubduction
DS200712-1214
2007
Zack, T.Zack, T., Luvizotto, G.L.Application of rutile thermometry to eclogites.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 89, 3-4, pp.TechnologyEclogite
DS200712-1215
2007
Zack, T.Zack, T., Timm, J.An evaluation of reactive fluid flow and trace element mobility in subducting slabs.Chemical Geology, Vol. 237, 1-2, Feb. 15, pp. 5-22.MantleSubduction
DS201112-0433
2011
Zack, T.Hettmann, K., Marks, M., Kressing, K., Zack, T., Wenzel, T., Rehkamper, M., Jacob, D., Markl, G.The geochemistry of thallium and its isotopes in a peralkaline magmatic system.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterTechnologyMagmatism
DS201810-2307
2018
Zack, T.Cruz-Uribe, A.M., Feineman, M.D., Zack, T., Jacob, D.E.Asssessing trace element (dis) equilibrium and the application of single element thermometers in metamorphic rocks.Lithos, Vol. 314-315, pp. 1-15.Globalthermobarometry

Abstract: Empirical and experimental calibration of single element solubility thermometers, such as Zr-in-rutile, Zr-in-titanite, Ti-in-zircon, and Ti-in-quartz, within the past 13 years has greatly expanded our ability to assess the pressure and temperature conditions of individual minerals associated with specific textures in metamorphic rocks. Combined with advances in in situ techniques for analyzing trace concentrations, this has led to an increase in the combined use of single element thermometers, geochronometers, and isotope ratios, often simultaneously, in metamorphic minerals. Here we review the calibration and application of single element thermometers at the pressure and temperature conditions of interest in metamorphic rocks. We discuss to what extent accessory phase equilibrium and trace element equilibrium are attained in metamorphic systems, and the thermodynamic and kinetic framework within which trace element equilibrium is assessed. As an example, we present a comprehensive study of trace element distribution during rutile replacement by titanite in rocks that experienced high-temperature amphibolite-facies overprinting and those that underwent low-temperature blueschist-facies overprinting from a variety of subduction-related terranes worldwide. We find that trace element distributions approach equilibrium partition coefficients in rocks from amphibolite-facies overprinted terranes, whereas trace element distributions do not approach equilibrium in rocks that experienced blueschist-facies overprinting. We caution that single element thermometers that rely upon slow-diffusing high field strength elements should not be applied to rocks equilibrated at <600 °C unless attainment of trace element equilibrium can be demonstrated.
DS201911-2559
2019
Zack, T.Schmitt, A.K., Zack, T., Kooijman, E., Logvinova, A.M., Sobolev, N.V.U-Pb ages of rare rutile inclusions in diamond indicate entrapment synchronous with kimberlite formation. MirLithos, in press available, 47p. PdfRussiadeposit - Mir
DS202009-1661
2020
Zack, T.Sjoqvist, A.S.L., Zack, T., Honn, D.K., Baxter, E.F.Modification of a rare-earth element deposit by low temperature partial melting during metamorphic overprinting: Norra Karr alkaline complex, southern Sweden.Chemical Geology, Vol. 545, 13p. PdfEurope, SwedenREE

Abstract: Rare-earth elements play a crucial role in modern technologies and are necessary for a transition to a green economy. Potentially economic deposits of these elements are typically hosted in minerals such as monazite, bastnäsite, and eudialyte (a complex Na-Ca-Fe-Zr silicate mineral with Cl), making these prime targets for geological research. Globally, rare-earth mineral deposits commonly show evidence of polyphase development and mineralisation processes, which need to be better understood to improve exploration strategies. The Norra Kärr alkaline complex (Sweden) contains a globally significant deposit of rare-earth elements, hosted in the mineral eudialyte. In this study, we focussed on eudialyte crystals in undeformed, cross-cutting pegmatoid veins from Norra Kärr. In order to determine their age, we refined an established micromilling method to enable sampling of minerals rich in rare-earth elements for precise analysis of major and trace elements, Nd isotope ratios, and Sm-Nd geochronology down to a scale of <200??m. Mineral samples were subjected to detailed textural and chemical characterisation by backscattered electron imaging and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, by which precise and accurate Sm/Nd ratios were determined to steer subsequent micromill sampling for small-aliquot Sm-Nd isotope analysis by isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. Given enough internal spread in Sm/Nd ratios, reliable Sm-Nd isochrons can be derived from discrete textural domains within a single crystal. This provided an age of 1.144?±?0.053?Ga (95% confidence); approximately 350?million?years younger than the magmatic intrusion of the alkaline complex (ca. 1.49?Ga). Primary compositional sector and oscillatory zoning in these eudialyte crystals shows core-to-rim enrichment in rare-earth elements and significant fractionation of K/Rb, Y/Ho, Zr/Hf, and Nb/Ta, which we attribute to crystallisation under influence of complexing ligands in a confined volume. We argue that these mineralised pegmatoid veins formed by low-temperature (<550?°C) partial melting of the agpaitic host rock during an early Sveconorwegian (Grenvillian) metamorphic overprinting event. Given the challenge of directly dating rare-earth ore minerals by conventional methods, modification of rare-earth mineral deposits may be more widespread than already assumed, which shows the importance of investigations that date the rare-earth minerals themselves.
DS1985-0419
1985
Zadnerprovskiy, B.I.Martovitskiy, V.P., Zadnerprovskiy, B.I., Bulenko, N.A.The internal structure of synthetic diamonds with thread likeinclusions.(Russian)Kristallografiya, (Russian), Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 1203-1206RussiaSynthetic Diamonds, Diamond Morphology
DS1987-0826
1987
Zadnik, M.G.Zadnik, M.G., Smith, C.B., Ott, U., Begemann, F.3HE/4HE in diamonds: higher than solarTerra Cognita, Vol. 7, No. 2, 1p. abstractSouth AfricaFinsch, helium
DS201811-2594
2018
Zaffiro, G.Nestola, F., Prencipe, M., Nimis, P., Zaffiro, G.Toward a robust elastic geobarometry of kyanite inclusions in eclogitic diamonds. VoorspoedJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, doi: 10.1029/2018JB016012Africa, South Africadiamond inclusions

Abstract: Here we report the first results from elastic geobarometry applied to a kyanite inclusion entrapped within an eclogitic diamond (from Voorspoed mine, South Africa) using micro?Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis, ab initio calculations, and finite element modeling. Application of elastic geobarometry to very elastically anisotropic kyanite inclusions is challenging, as current models do not allow for elastic anisotropy. In order to minimize the effects of anisotropy, we have explored the effects of deviatoric stress on Raman modes via ab initio density functional theory. The results allowed us to select the Raman mode (at ca. 638 cm?1) that is the least sensitive to deviatoric stress. The shift of this band in the inclusion while still trapped within the diamond relative to the inclusion in air (once liberated) was used under hydrostatic approximation to determine a residual pressure on the inclusion of 0.184 ± 0.045 GPa and an entrapment pressure of 5.2 ± 0.3 GPa (~160 km depth) for an FTIR N?aggregation residence temperature of 1119 ± 50 °C. This is the first geothermobarometric determination for a diamond from the Voorspoed kimberlite. It overlaps with P-T estimates obtained by traditional chemical geobarometry for diamonds from other kimberlites from the Kaapvaal craton, suggesting that the hydrostatic approximation does not introduce significant errors in the geobarometric evaluation. Our protocol of Raman peak selection can be used for geobarometry of further kyanite?bearing diamonds and may provide a guide for more robust geobarometry of other types of mineral inclusions in diamonds, both eclogitic and peridotitic.
DS201910-2288
2019
Zaffiro, G.Nestola, F., Zaffiro, G., Mazzucchelli, M.L., Nimis, P., Andreozzi, G.B., Periotto, B., Princivalle, F., Lenaz, D., Secco, L., Pasqualetto, L., Logvinova, A.M., Sobolev, N.V., Lorenzetti, A., Harris, J.W.Diamond inclusion system recording old deep lithosphere conditions at Udachnaya ( Siberia).Nature Research, Vol. 9, 12586 8p. PdfRussia, Siberiadeposit - Udachnaya

Abstract: Diamonds and their inclusions are unique fragments of deep Earth, which provide rare samples from inaccessible portions of our planet. Inclusion-free diamonds cannot provide information on depth of formation, which could be crucial to understand how the carbon cycle operated in the past. Inclusions in diamonds, which remain uncorrupted over geological times, may instead provide direct records of deep Earth’s evolution. Here, we applied elastic geothermobarometry to a diamond-magnesiochromite (mchr) host-inclusion pair from the Udachnaya kimberlite (Siberia, Russia), one of the most important sources of natural diamonds. By combining X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy data with a new elastic model, we obtained entrapment conditions, Ptrap?=?6.5(2) GPa and Ttrap?=?1125(32)-1140(33) °C, for the mchr inclusion. These conditions fall on a ca. 35?mW/m2 geotherm and are colder than the great majority of mantle xenoliths from similar depth in the same kimberlite. Our results indicate that cold cratonic conditions persisted for billions of years to at least 200?km in the local lithosphere. The composition of the mchr also indicates that at this depth the lithosphere was, at least locally, ultra-depleted at the time of diamond formation, as opposed to the melt-metasomatized, enriched composition of most xenoliths.
DS1950-0162
1953
Zafranovskii, I.I.Zafranovskii, I.I.Almazy. #3Moscow: Izdet Akad. Nauk, 154P.RussiaKimberlite, Diamond, Textbook, Biography, Kimberley
DS201802-0274
2017
Zagainy, A.K.Ustinov, V.N., Golubev, Yu.K., Zagainy, A.K., Kukui, I.M., Mikoev, I.L., Lobkova, L.P., Antonov, S.A., Konkin, V.D.Analysis of the African province diamond prospects in relation to the Russia mineral base development abroad. *** IN RUSOtechestvennaya Geologiya ***IN RUS, No. 6, pp. 52-66. pdfAfricadiamond - arenas
DS201802-0275
2017
Zagainy, A.K.Ustinov, V.N., Golubev, Yu.K., Zagainy, A.K., Stegnitsky, Yu.B.The diamond bearing territories of Africa and their importance for expansion of the raw material base of the Russian diamond mining industry. ***IN RUSMineral Resources of Russia: economics and Management *** IN RUS, No. 6, pp. 66-72. pdfAfricadiamond - arenas
DS201802-0283
2017
Zagainy, A.K.Zagainy, A.K., Mikoev, I.L., Ustinov, V.N., Feijo, A., Antonov, S.A.Structural tectonic and geophysical premises of kimberlites localization on the territory of Angola. ***IN RUSOres and Metals ***IN RUS, no. 4, pp. 42-49. pdfAfrica, Angolakimberlite - pipes
DS201805-0985
2018
Zagainy, A.K.Ustinov, V.N., Antaschuk, M.G., Zagainy, A.K., Kukui, I.M., Lobkova, L.P., Antonov, S.A.Prospects of diamond deposits discovery in the North of the East European platform. Karelian - KolaOres and Metals ***RUS, Vol. 1, pp. 11-26. ***RusRussiakimberlite, lamproite, dispersion haloes
DS201810-2386
2018
Zagainy, A.K.Ustinov, V.N., Bartolomeu, A.M.F., Zagainy, A.K., Felix, J.T., Mikoev, I.I., Stegnitskiy, Y.B., Lobkova, L.P., Kukui, I.M., Nikolaeva, E.V., Antonov. S.A.Kimberlites distribution in Angola and prospective areas for new discoveries.Mineralogy and Petrology, doi.org/10.1007/ s00710-018-0628-1 14p.Africa, Angolakimberlites

Abstract: Based on a comprehensive analysis of kimberlite pipes of Angola, including the near surface structural setting, deep lithospheric structure, pipe morphology and emplacement, mineralogical and petrographic features, diamond characteristics and locations of secondary deposits four geographical regions have been outlined within Angola representing four types of diamond bearing potential. These areas include high diamond bearing potential pipes, possible potential, no potential, and unclear potential areas. It was found that the depth of magmatism and diamond potential of kimberlites increases from the Atlantic coast in southwestern Angola into the continent in the north-easterly direction. Areas prospective for the discovery of new primary diamond deposits have been identified.
DS200912-0781
2009
Zagainyi, A.K.Ustinov, V.N., Zagainyi, A.K., Smith, C.B., Ushkov, Lazko, Lukyanova, LobkovaEarly Proterozoic diamond bearing kimberlites of Karelia and their formation pecularities.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 50, 9, pp. 739-750.RussiaPetrology, Kimozero
DS200512-1230
2003
Zagnitko, V.Zagnitko, V., Krydik, S., Donskiy, M.Isotopic geochemistry of carbonatites of Ukraine.Periodico di Mineralogia, (in english), Vol. LXX11, 1. April, pp. 153-159.Europe, UkraineGeochronology, Chernigovka Complex
DS2000-1045
2000
Zagnitko, V.N.Zagnitko, V.N., Kryvdik, S.G., Parfenova, A.Y.Geochemistry, mineralogy and petrology of carbonatites of UkraineIgc 30th. Brasil, Aug. abstract only 1p.UKraineCarbonatite, Magmatism
DS202002-0202
2020
Zagorevski, A.Lawley, C.J.M., Pearson, G., Waterton, P., Zagorevski, A., Bedard, J.H., Jackson, S.E., Petts, D.C., Kjarsgaard, B.A., Zhang, S., Wright, D.Element and isotopic signature of re-fertilized mantle peridotite as determined by nanopower and olivine LA-ICPMS analyses.Chemical Geology, DOI:101016/ j.chemgeo.2020.119464Mantleperidotite

Abstract: The lithospheric mantle should be depleted in base- and precious-metals as these elements are transferred to the crust during partial melting. However, some melt-depleted mantle peridotites are enriched in these ore-forming elements. This may reflect re-fertilization of the mantle lithosphere and/or sequestering of these elements by residual mantle phase(s). Both processes remain poorly understood because of the low abundances of incompatible elements in peridotite and the nugget-like distribution of digestion-resistant mantle phases that pose analytical challenges for conventional geochemical methods. Herein we report new major and trace element concentrations for a suite of mantle peridotite and pyroxenite samples from the Late Permian to Middle Triassic Nahlin ophiolite (Cache Creek terrane, British Columbia, Canada) using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) analysis of nanoparticulate powders and olivine. Compatible to moderately incompatible element concentrations suggest that Nahlin ophiolite peridotites represent residues after ?20% melt extraction. Pyroxenite dykes and replacive dunite bands are folded and closely intercalated with residual harzburgite. These field relationships, coupled with the presence of intergranular base metal sulphide, clinopyroxene and Cr-spinel at the microscale, point to percolating melts that variably re-fertilized melt-depleted mantle peridotite. Radiogenic Pb (206Pb/204Pb?=?15.402-19.050; 207Pb/204Pb?=?15.127-15.633; 208Pb/204Pb?=?34.980-38.434; n?=?45) and Os (187Os/188Os 0.1143-0.5745; n?=?58) isotope compositions for a subset of melt-depleted peridotite samples further support metasomatic re-fertilization of these elements. Other ore-forming elements are also implicated in these metasomatic reactions because some melt-depleted peridotite samples are enriched relative to the primitive mantle, opposite to their expected behaviour during partial melting. New LA-ICPMS analysis of fresh olivine further demonstrates that a significant proportion of the highly incompatible element budget for the most melt-depleted rocks is either hosted by, and/or occurs as trapped inclusions within, the olivine-rich residues. Trapped phases from past melting and/or re-fertilization events are the preferred explanation for unradiogenic Pb isotope compositions and Paleozoic to Paleoproterozoic Re-depletion model ages, which predate the Nahlin ophiolite by over one billion years.
DS201709-1962
2017
Zagrtdenov, N.R.Borisova, A.Y., Zagrtdenov, N.R., Toplis, M.J., Bohrson, W.A., Nedelec, A., Safonov, O.G., Pokrovski, G.S., Ceileneer, G., Melnik, O.E., Bychkov, A.Y., Gurenko, A.A., Shscheka, S., Terehin, A., Polukeev, V.M., Varlamov, D.A., Gouy, S., De Parseval, P.Making Earth's continental crust from serpentinite and basalt. Goldschmidt Conference, abstract 1p.Mantleperidotites

Abstract: How the Earth's continental crust was formed in the Hadean eon is a subject of considerable debates [1-4]. For example, shallow hydrous peridotites [2,5], in particular the Hadean Earth's serpentinites [6], are potentially important ingredients in the creation of the continental ptoto-crust, but the mechanisms of this formation remain elusive. In this work, experiments to explore serpentinite-basalt interaction under conditions of the Hadean Earth were conducted. Kinetic runs lasting 0.5 to 48 hours at 0.2 to 1.0 GPa and 1250 to 1300°C reveal dehydration of serpentinite and release of a Si-Al-Na-K-rich aqueous fluid. For the first time, generation of heterogeneous hydrous silicic melts (56 to 67 wt% SiO2) in response to the fluid-assisted fertilisation and the subsequent partial melting of the dehydrated serpentinite has been discovered. The melts produced at 0.2 GPa have compositions similar to those of the bulk continental crust [2,3]. These new findings imply that the Earth's sialic proto-crust may be generated via fluid-assisted melting of serpentinized peridotite at shallow depths (?7 km) that do not require plate subduction during the Hadean eon. Shallow serpentinite dehydration and melting may be the principal physico-chemical processes affecting the earliest lithosphere. Making Earth's continental crust from serpentinite and basalt.
DS202012-2206
2020
Zagrtdenov, N.R.Borisova, A.Y., Bindeman, I.N., Toplis, M.J., Zagrtdenov, N.R., Guignard, J., Safonov, O.G., Bychkov, A.Y., Shcheka, S., Melnik, O.E., Marcelli, M., Fehrenbach, J.Zircon survival in shallow asthenosphere and deep lithosphere.American Mineralogist, Vol. 105, pp. 1662-1671. pdfMantlemelting

Abstract: Zircon is the most frequently used mineral for dating terrestrial and extraterrestrial rocks. However, the system of zircon in mafic/ultramafic melts has been rarely explored experimentally and most existing models based on the felsic, intermediate and/or synthetic systems are probably not applicable for prediction of zircon survival in terrestrial shallow asthenosphere. In order to determine the zircon stability in such natural systems, we have performed high-temperature experiments of zircon dissolution in natural mid-ocean ridge basaltic and synthetic haplobasaltic melts coupled with in situ electron probe microanalyses of the experimental products at high current. Taking into account the secondary fluorescence effect in zircon glass pairs during electron microprobe analysis, we have calculated zirconium diffusion coefficient necessary to predict zircon survival in asthenospheric melts of tholeiitic basalt composition. The data imply that typical 100 micron zircons dissolve rapidly (in 10 hours) and congruently upon the reaction with basaltic melt at mantle pressures. We observed incongruent (to crystal ZrO2 and SiO2 in melt) dissolution of zircon in natural mid-ocean ridge basaltic melt at low pressures and in haplobasaltic melt at elevated pressure. Our experimental data raise questions about the origin of zircons in mafic and ultramafic rocks, in particular, in shallow oceanic asthenosphere and deep lithosphere, as well as the meaning of the zircon-based ages estimated from the composition of these minerals. Large size zircon megacrysts in kimberlites, peridotites, alkali basalts and other magmas suggest the fast transport and short interaction between zircon and melt.The origin of zircon megacrysts is likely related to metasomatic addition of Zr into mantle as any mantle melting episode should obliterate them.
DS1990-0453
1990
Zagruzina, I.A.Erich, E.I., Sutherland, W.M., Hausel, W.D., Zagruzina, I.A.Temporal distribution of the ultramafic-alkalic and alkalic rocks withIn the Russian, Siberian and North American ancient platforms and theirsurroundingsGeological Survey of Wyoming Open File Report, No. 89-9, 33pWyoming, RussiaAlkaline rocks, Craton
DS201505-0239
2015
Zahirovic, S.Zahirovic, S., Muller, R.D., Seton, M., Flament, N.Tectonic speed limits from plate kinematic reconstructions.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 418, pp. 40-52.GlobalPlate Tectonics
DS201906-1327
2019
Zahirovic, S.Muller, R.D., Zahirovic, S., Williams, S.E., Cannon, J., Seton, M., Bower, D.J., Tetley, M., Heine, C., Le Breton, E., Liu, S., Russell, S.H.J., Yang, T., Leonard, J., Gurnis, M.A global plate model including lithospheric deformation along major rifts and orogens since the Triassic.Tectonics, May 5, 36p. Mantleplate tectonics

Abstract: Global deep?time plate motion models have traditionally followed a classical rigid plate approach, even though plate deformation is known to be significant. Here we present a global Mesozoic?Cenozoic deforming plate motion model that captures the progressive extension of all continental margins since the initiation of rifting within Pangea at ~240 Ma. The model also includes major failed continental rifts and compressional deformation along collision zones. The outlines and timing of regional deformation episodes are reconstructed from a wealth of published regional tectonic models and associated geological and geophysical data. We reconstruct absolute plate motions in a mantle reference frame with a joint global inversion using hotspot tracks for the last 80 million years and minimizing global trench migration velocities and net lithospheric rotation. In our optimized model net rotation is consistently below 0.2°/Myr, and trench migration scatter is substantially reduced. Distributed plate deformation reaches a Mesozoic peak of 30 million km2 in the Late Jurassic (~160?155 Ma), driven by a vast network of rift systems. After a mid?Cretaceous drop in deformation it reaches a high of 48 million km2 in the Late Eocene (~35 Ma), driven by the progressive growth of plate collisions and the formation of new rift systems. About a third of the continental crustal area has been deformed since 240 Ma, partitioned roughly into 65% extension and 35% compression. This community plate model provides a framework for building detailed regional deforming plate networks and form a constraint for models of basin evolution and the plate?mantle system.
DS201907-1562
2019
Zahirovic, S.Muller, D., Zahirovic, S., Williams, S.E., Cannon, J., Seton, M., Bower, D.J., Tetley, M., Heine, C., Le Breton, E., Liu, S., Russell, S.H.J., Yang, T., Leonard, J., Gurnis, M.A global plate model including lithospheric deformation along major rifts and orogens since the Triassic.Tectonics, in press available, 37p.Africa, globalplate tectonics, rotation

Abstract: Global deep?time plate motion models have traditionally followed a classical rigid plate approach, even though plate deformation is known to be significant. Here we present a global Mesozoic-Cenozoic deforming plate motion model that captures the progressive extension of all continental margins since the initiation of rifting within Pangea at ~240 Ma. The model also includes major failed continental rifts and compressional deformation along collision zones. The outlines and timing of regional deformation episodes are reconstructed from a wealth of published regional tectonic models and associated geological and geophysical data. We reconstruct absolute plate motions in a mantle reference frame with a joint global inversion using hot spot tracks for the last 80 million years and minimizing global trench migration velocities and net lithospheric rotation. In our optimized model, net rotation is consistently below 0.2°/Myr, and trench migration scatter is substantially reduced. Distributed plate deformation reaches a Mesozoic peak of 30 × 106 km2 in the Late Jurassic (~160-155 Ma), driven by a vast network of rift systems. After a mid?Cretaceous drop in deformation, it reaches a high of 48 x 106 km2 in the Late Eocene (~35 Ma), driven by the progressive growth of plate collisions and the formation of new rift systems. About a third of the continental crustal area has been deformed since 240 Ma, partitioned roughly into 65% extension and 35% compression. This community plate model provides a framework for building detailed regional deforming plate networks and form a constraint for models of basin evolution and the plate?mantle system.
DS202103-0394
2021
Zahirovic, S.Merdith, A.S., Williams, S.E., Collins, A.S., Tetley, M.G., Mulder, J.A., Blades, M.L., Young, A., Armistead, S.E., Cannon, J., Zahirovic, S., Muller, R.D.Extending full plate tectonic models into deep time: linking the Neoproterozoic and the Phanerozoic.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 214, 44p. PdfMantleplate tectonics

Abstract: Recent progress in plate tectonic reconstructions has seen models move beyond the classical idea of continental drift by attempting to reconstruct the full evolving configuration of tectonic plates and plate boundaries. A particular problem for the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian is that many existing interpretations of geological and palaeomagnetic data have remained disconnected from younger, better-constrained periods in Earth history. An important test of deep time reconstructions is therefore to demonstrate the continuous kinematic viability of tectonic motions across multiple supercontinent cycles. We present, for the first time, a continuous full-plate model spanning 1 Ga to the present-day, that includes a revised and improved model for the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian (1000-520 Ma) that connects with models of the Phanerozoic, thereby opening up pre-Gondwana times for quantitative analysis and further regional refinements. In this contribution, we first summarise methodological approaches to full-plate modelling and review the existing full-plate models in order to select appropriate models that produce a single continuous model. Our model is presented in a palaeomagnetic reference frame, with a newly-derived apparent polar wander path for Gondwana from 540 to 320 Ma, and a global apparent polar wander path from 320 to 0 Ma. We stress, though while we have used palaeomagnetic data when available, the model is also geologically constrained, based on preserved data from past-plate boundaries. This study is intended as a first step in the direction of a detailed and self-consistent tectonic reconstruction for the last billion years of Earth history, and our model files are released to facilitate community development.
DS202109-1481
2021
Zahirovic, S.Meredith, A.S., Williams, S.E., Collins, A.S., Tetley, M.G., Mulder, J.A., Blades, M.L., Young, A., Armistead, S.E., Cannon, J., Zahirovic, S., Muller, R.D.Extending full plate tectonic models into deep time: linking the Neoproterozoic and the Phanerozoic.Earth Science Reviews , Vol. 214, 103477, 44p. PdfMantleplate tectonics, Rodinia, Gondwana

Abstract: Recent progress in plate tectonic reconstructions has seen models move beyond the classical idea of continental drift by attempting to reconstruct the full evolving configuration of tectonic plates and plate boundaries. A particular problem for the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian is that many existing interpretations of geological and palaeomagnetic data have remained disconnected from younger, better-constrained periods in Earth history. An important test of deep time reconstructions is therefore to demonstrate the continuous kinematic viability of tectonic motions across multiple supercontinent cycles. We present, for the first time, a continuous full-plate model spanning 1 Ga to the present-day, that includes a revised and improved model for the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian (1000-520 Ma) that connects with models of the Phanerozoic, thereby opening up pre-Gondwana times for quantitative analysis and further regional refinements. In this contribution, we first summarise methodological approaches to full-plate modelling and review the existing full-plate models in order to select appropriate models that produce a single continuous model. Our model is presented in a palaeomagnetic reference frame, with a newly-derived apparent polar wander path for Gondwana from 540 to 320 Ma, and a global apparent polar wander path from 320 to 0 Ma. We stress, though while we have used palaeomagnetic data when available, the model is also geologically constrained, based on preserved data from past-plate boundaries. This study is intended as a first step in the direction of a detailed and self-consistent tectonic reconstruction for the last billion years of Earth history, and our model files are released to facilitate community development.
DS202203-0352
2021
Zahirovic, S.Humphreys-Williams, E.R., Zahirovic, S.Carbonatites and global tectonics. 609 Occurrences and 387 known ageElements, Vol. 17, pp. 339-344.Globalplate tectonics

Abstract: Carbonatites have formed for at least the past three billion years. But over the past 700 My the incidence of carbonatites have significantly increased. We compile an updated list of 609 carbonatite occurrences and plot 387 of known age on plate tectonic reconstructions. Plate reconstructions from Devonian to present show that 75% of carbonatites are emplaced within 600 km of craton edges. Carbonatites are also associated with large igneous provinces, orogenies, and rift zones, suggesting that carbonatite magmatism is restricted to discrete geotectonic environments that can overlap in space and time. Temporal constraints indicate carbonatites and related magmas may form an ephemeral but significant flux of carbon between the mantle and atmosphere.
DS1994-1974
1994
Zahn, R.Zahn, R.Core correlations... revolution in our thinking on climate variabilityNature, Vol. 371, Sept. 22, pp. 289-290GlobalCore correlations, Ice cores
DS201012-0240
2010
Zahnie, K.Goldblatt, C., Zahnie, K.The subduction origin of mantle nitrogen.Goldschmidt 2010 abstracts, abstractMantleNitrogen
DS1993-1175
1993
Zahnle, K.Ozima, M., Zahnle, K.Mantle degassing and atmospheric evolution: noble gas viewGeochemical Journal, Vol. 27, No. 4/5, pp. 185-200MantleAtmospheric evolution, Geochronology - noble gases
DS1995-1918
1995
Zahnle, K.Toon, O., Zahnle, K.All impacts great and smallGeotimes, Vol. 40, No. 3, March pp. 21-23GlobalImpacts
DS2002-1767
2002
Zahnle, K.Zahnle, K., Sleep, N.H.Carbon dioxide cycling through the mantle and implications for the climate of ancient Earth.Geological Society of London Special Publication, No. 199, pp. 231-58.MantleGeochemistry
DS200512-0715
2005
Zahnle, K.Meibom, A., Sleep, N.H., Zahnle, K., Anderson, D.L.Models for noble gases in mantle geochemistry: some observations and alternatives.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, pp. 347-364. ( total book 861p. $ 144.00)MantleGeochemistry
DS201808-1724
2018
Zahnle, K.Avice, G., Marty, B., Burgess, R., Hofmann, A., Philippot, P., Zahnle, K., Zakharov, D.Evolution of atmospheric xenon and other noble gases inferred from Archean to Paleoproterozoic rocks.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 232, pp. 82-100.Mantlegeochemistry

Abstract: We have analyzed ancient atmospheric gases trapped in fluid inclusions contained in minerals of Archean (3.3?Ga) to Paleozoic (404?Ma) rocks in an attempt to document the evolution of the elemental composition and isotopic signature of the atmosphere with time. Doing so, we aimed at understanding how physical and chemical processes acted over geological time to shape the modern atmosphere. Modern atmospheric xenon is enriched in heavy isotopes by 30-40‰ u?1 relative to Solar or Chondritic xenon. Previous studies demonstrated that, 3.3?Ga ago, atmospheric xenon was isotopically fractionated (enriched in the light isotopes) relative to the modern atmosphere, by 12.9?±?1.2 (1?) ‰ u?1, whereas krypton was isotopically identical to modern atmospheric Kr. Details about the specific and progressive isotopic fractionation of Xe during the Archean, originally proposed by Pujol et al. (2011), are now well established by this work. Xe isotope fractionation has evolved from 21‰ u?1 at 3.5?Ga to 12.9‰ u?1 at 3.3?Ga. The current dataset provides some evidence for stabilization of the Xe fractionation between 3.3 and 2.7?Ga. However, further studies will be needed to confirm this observation. After 2.7?Ga, the composition kept evolving and reach the modern-like atmospheric Xe composition at around 2.1?Ga ago. Xenon may be the second atmospheric element, after sulfur, to show a secular isotope evolution during the Archean that ended shortly after the Archean-Proterozoic transition. Fractionation of xenon indicates that xenon escaped from Earth, probably as an ion, and that Xe escape stopped when the atmosphere became oxygen-rich. We speculate that the Xe escape was enabled by a vigorous hydrogen escape on the early anoxic Earth. Organic hazes, scavenging isotopically heavy Xe, could also have played a role in the evolution of atmospheric Xe. For 3.3?Ga-old samples, Ar-N2 correlations are consistent with a partial pressure of nitrogen (pN2) in the Archean atmosphere similar to, or lower than, the modern one, thus requiring other processes than a high pN2 to keep the Earth's surface warm despite a fainter Sun. The nitrogen isotope composition of the atmosphere at 3.3?Ga was already modern-like, attesting to inefficient nitrogen escape to space since that time.
DS200612-1582
2006
Zahnle, K.J.Zahnle, K.J.Earth's earliest atmosphere.Elements, Vol. 3, no. 4, August pp. 217-222.MantleEvolution, zircon, impacts
DS201912-2837
2019
Zahnle, K.J.Zahnle, K.J., Gacesa, M., Catling, D.C.Strange messenger: a new history of hydrogen on Earth, as told by xenon.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 244, pp. 56-85.Mantleconvection

Abstract: Atmospheric xenon is strongly mass fractionated, the result of a process that apparently continued through the Archean and perhaps beyond. Previous models that explain Xe fractionation by hydrodynamic hydrogen escape cannot gracefully explain how Xe escaped when Ar and Kr did not, nor allow Xe to escape in the Archean. Here we show that Xe is the only noble gas that can escape as an ion in a photo-ionized hydrogen wind, possible in the absence of a geomagnetic field or along polar magnetic field lines that open into interplanetary space. To quantify the hypothesis we construct new 1-D models of hydrodynamic diffusion-limited hydrogen escape from highly-irradiated CO2-H2-H atmospheres. The models reveal three minimum requirements for Xe escape: solar EUV irradiation needs to exceed that of the modern Sun; the total hydrogen mixing ratio in the atmosphere needs to exceed 1% (equiv. to CH4); and transport amongst the ions in the lower ionosphere needs to lift the Xe ions to the base of the outflowing hydrogen corona. The long duration of Xe escape implies that, if a constant process, Earth lost the hydrogen from at least one ocean of water, roughly evenly split between the Hadean and the Archean. However, to account for both Xe’s fractionation and also its depletion with respect to Kr and primordial 244Pu, Xe escape must have been limited to small apertures or short episodes, which suggests that Xe escape was restricted to polar windows by a geomagnetic field, or dominated by outbursts of high solar activity, or limited to transient episodes of abundant hydrogen, or a combination of these. Xenon escape stopped when the hydrogen (or methane) mixing ratio became too small, or EUV radiation from the aging Sun became too weak, or charge exchange between Xe+ and O2 rendered Xe neutral. In our model, Xe fractionation attests to an extended history of hydrogen escape and Earth oxidation preceding and ending with the Great Oxidation Event (GOE).
DS2003-0699
2003
Zahynacz, R.Kellett, R.L., Zahynacz, R., Steensma, G.The role of borehole geophysics in improving the geophysical imaging of kimberlites in a8 Ikc Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 8, POSTER abstractAlbertaStratigraphy
DS200412-0970
2003
Zahynacz, R.Kellett, R.L., Zahynacz, R., Steensma, G.The role of borehole geophysics in improving the geophysical imaging of kimberlites in a sedimentary setting: Alberta, Canada.8 IKC Program, Session 8, POSTER abstractCanada, AlbertaDiamond exploration Stratigraphy
DS1988-0609
1988
Zaichenko, M.V.Sandomirskii, S.A., Zaichenko, M.V.Seperation of multicomponent geochemical anomalies related tokimberlitepipes.(Russian)Geokhim. Krit. Kolichestv. Otsenki Skryt. Orud., (Russian), pp. 13-18RussiaBlank
DS202008-1449
2020
Zaikin, P.A.Sokol, I.A., Sokol, A.G., Zaikin, P.A., Tomilenko, A.A., Bulbak, T.A.Hydrogenation of graphite, diamond, carbonates and iron carbides as the source of hydrocarbons in the upper mantle.Goldschmidt 2020, 1p. AbstractMantlehydrogen

Abstract: Formation of hydrocarbons by reactions of hydrogenbearing fluids with carbon [1] (13C soot, graphite, or diamond), carbonate-bearing pelites [2] and iron carbides (Fe3C and Fe7C3) [3] was simulated at 5.5-7.8 GPa and 1100- 1400°C, fH2 in Pt and Au capsules being controlled at the Mo+MoO2+H2O or Fe+FeO+H2O equilibria. For the first time, formation of hydrocarbons from inorganic compounds was proved by the reaction of 13C with hydrogen, which yielded isotopically pure alkanes. The greatest amounts of HCs (CH4/C2H6 < 1, CH4/C3H8 and CH4/C4H10 ? 10) formed at 1400°C in the 10-hr run. The amount of HCs synthesized at 1200°C was twice smaller. The rate of HCs formation was slowest in runs with diamond. At 1200 °C, light alkanes (C1?C2>C3>C4) formed either by direct hydrogenation of Fe3C or Fe7C3, or by hydrogenation of graphite/diamond in the presence of Fe3C, Fe7C3. The CH4/C2H6 ratio in the fluids decreased from 5 to 0.5 with decreasing iron activity and the C fraction increased in the series: Fe-Fe3C?Fe3C- Fe7C3?Fe7C3-graphite?graphite-Fe3C-magnesite and Fe3C-H2O-CO2 systems at 1200 °C yielded magnesiowüstite and wüstite, respectively, and both produced C-rich Fe7C3 and mainly light alkanes (C1?C2>C3>C4). In the experiments containing pelites methaneimine (CH3N) was found to be the main N-bearing compound. The experiments have provided the first unambiguous evidence that volatile-rich and reduced mantles of terrestrial planets (at fO2 near or below IW) provided favorable conditions for abiotic generation of complex hydrocarbon systems that predominantly contain light alkanes. The conditions favorable for HC formation exist in earth mantle, where slab-derived H2O-, CO2- and carbonate-bearing fluids interact with metal-saturated mantle.
DS1987-0827
1987
Zaikov, V.V.Zaikov, V.V., Zaikova, E.V., Kashintsev, G.L.Petrochemical heterogeneity of basaltic rocks of the ophiolitic association in the southern Mugodzhary (USSR).(Russian)Geochemistry International (Geokhimiya) Vulkan. I Osad. Porod. Yuzh. Urala, Sverdlovsk, (Russian), pp. 5-12RussiaOphiolite
DS1987-0827
1987
Zaikova, E.V.Zaikov, V.V., Zaikova, E.V., Kashintsev, G.L.Petrochemical heterogeneity of basaltic rocks of the ophiolitic association in the southern Mugodzhary (USSR).(Russian)Geochemistry International (Geokhimiya) Vulkan. I Osad. Porod. Yuzh. Urala, Sverdlovsk, (Russian), pp. 5-12RussiaOphiolite
DS1991-1485
1991
Zairsev, A.I.Safronov, A.F., Suvorov, V.D., Zairsev, A.I., Nenashev, N.I.Kimberlite controlling zones in the crust and uppermost mantle of the westYakutia: their composition and evolutionProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 541-542RussiaGeophysics -seismics, Kimberlite controlling zone KCZ
DS1995-2113
1995
Zairsev, A.I.Zairsev, A.I., Safronov, A.F.Main epochs of upper mantle activization in the Siberian PlatformProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 675-677.Russia, SiberiaGeochronology, Deposit -Mir, Udachnaya, Komosomolskaya, Jubilee
DS1996-1053
1996
ZaitsevOleinikov, O.B., Safronov, A.F., Kornilova, V.P., ZaitsevA first find of melanephelinite xenolith in kimberlite rocksRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 54-58.Russia, YakutiaXenolith, Deposit - Obnazhennaya
DS2001-1084
2001
ZaitsevSitnikova, M.A., Zaitsev, Wall, Chakmouradian, SubbotinEvolution of chemical composition of rock forming carbonates in Sallanlatvi carbonatites, Kola PeninsulaJournal of South African Earth Sciences, Vol. 32, No. 1, p. A 34.(abs)Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite, Sallanlatvi Complex
DS200812-0786
2008
ZaitsevNasdala, L., Gigler, Wildner, Grambole, Zaitsev, Harris, Hofmeister, Milledge, SatitkuneAlpha radiation damage in diamond.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A672.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS201112-0812
2011
ZaitsevPolyakova, E.A., Chakhmouradian, A.R., Siidra ,Britvin, Petrov, Spratt, Williams, Stanley, ZaitsevFluorine, yttrium and lanthanide rich cerianite from carbonatitic rocks of the Kerimasi volcano and surrounding explosion craters, Gregory Rift.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS1994-1975
1994
Zaitsev, A.Zaitsev, A., Polzhaeva, L.Dolomite calcite textures in carbonatites of the Kovdor ore deposit, KolaPeninsula: their genesis and application for calcite-dolomite geotherm.Contr. Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 116, No. 3, pp. 339-344.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite, Deposit -Kovdor
DS1995-2114
1995
Zaitsev, A.Zaitsev, A., Bell, K.Strontium and neodymium isotopic dat a of apatite, calcite and dolomite as indicators of source and the relationsihipsContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 121, No. 3, pp. 324-335.Russia, Kola PeninsulaKovdor massif, Phoscorites, Carbonatite
DS1997-0088
1997
Zaitsev, A.Bell, K., Zaitsev, A.Chemistry and lead isotopic composition of galena from rare earth elements (REE) carbonatitesKola, Russia.Geological Association of Canada (GAC) Abstracts, POSTER.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite
DS1997-1287
1997
Zaitsev, A.Zaitsev, A., Wall, F., Bell, K., Le Bas, M.Minerals from the Khibin a carbonatites, Kola Peninsula, their paragenesis and evolution.Geological Association of Canada (GAC) Abstracts, POSTER.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite, Deposit - Khibina
DS200712-0522
2007
Zaitsev, A.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A., Klaudius, D.J.Geochemistry and petrogenetic significance of natrocarbonatites at Oidoinyo Lengai, Tanzania.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A475.Africa, TanzaniaOidoinyo Lengai
DS200712-0986
2007
Zaitsev, A.Shokodzinskii, V., Zaitsev, A.Constraints on diamond genesis from the study of the dependence of diamond properties on the composition of kimberlites and lamproites.Russian Journal of Pacific Geology, Vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 390-399.MantleDiamond genesis
DS200812-0279
2008
Zaitsev, A.Deijanin, B., Simic, D., Zaitsev, A., Chapman, J., Dobrinets, I., Widemann, A., Del Re, N., Middleton, T., Dijanin, E., Se Stefano, A.Characterization of pink diamonds of different origin: natural ( Argyle, non-Argyle), irradiated and annealed, treated with multi-process, coated and synthetic.Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 17, 7-10, pp. 1169-1178.AustraliaPink diamonds
DS201112-0513
2011
Zaitsev, A.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.Natrocarbonatite petrogenesis: compositional variation and relationships to peralkaline silicate magmas.Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p. 66-68.Africa, TanzaniaOldoinyo Lengai
DS201112-0514
2011
Zaitsev, A.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.Natrocarbonatite petrogenesis: compositional variation and relationships to peralkaline silicate magmas.Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p. 66-68.Africa, TanzaniaOldoinyo Lengai
DS201112-1147
2011
Zaitsev, A.Zaitsev, A.Natrocarbonatites at Sadiman and Tinderent volcanoes, East African Rift - myth or reality?Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, AbstractAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201212-0671
2012
Zaitsev, A.Smelov, A.P., Zaitsev, A.The age and localization of kimberlite magmatism in the Yakutian kimberlite province - constraints from isotope geochronology.10th. International Kimberlite Conference Held Bangalore India Feb. 6-11, Poster abstractRussia, YakutiaGeochronology
DS202004-0548
2020
Zaitsev, A.Zaitsev, A., Kazuchits, N.M., Kazuchits, V.N., Wang, W.Nitrogen doped CVD diamond: nitrogen concentration, color and internal stress.Diamond and Related Materials, March Globalsynthetics

Abstract: Single crystal CVD diamond has been grown on (100)-oriented CVD diamond seed in six layers to a total thickness of 4.3 mm, each layer being grown in gas with increasing concentration of nitrogen. The nitrogen doping efficiency, distribution of color and internal stress have been studied by SIMS, optical absorption, Raman spectroscopy and birefringence imaging. It is shown that nitrogen doping is very non-uniform. This non-uniformity is explained by the terraced growth of CVD diamond. The color of the nitrogen-doped diamond is grayish-brown with color intensity gradually increasing with nitrogen concentration. The absorption spectra are analyzed in terms of two continua representing brown and gray color components. The brown absorption continuum exponentially rises towards short wavelength. Its intensity correlates with the concentration of nitrogen C-defects. Small vacancy clusters are discussed as the defects responsible for the brown absorption continuum. The gray absorption continuum has weak and almost linear spectral dependence through the near infrared and visible spectral range. It is ascribed to carbon nanoclusters which may form in plasma and get trapped into growing diamond. It is suggested that Mie light scattering on the carbon nanoclusters substantially contributes to the gray absorption continuum and determines its weak spectral dependence. A Raman line at a wavenumber of 1550 cm?1 is described as a characteristic feature of the carbon nanoclusters. The striation pattern of brown/gray color follows the pattern of anomalous birefringence suggesting that the vacancy clusters and carbon inclusions are the main cause of internal stress in CVD diamond. A conclusion is made that high perfection of seed surface at microscale is not a required condition for growth of low-stress, low-inclusion single crystal CVD diamond. Crystallographic order at macroscale is more important requirement for the seed surface.
DS202201-0011
2021
Zaitsev, A.Deljanin, B., Collins, A., Zaitsev, A.,Lu, T., Vins, V., Chapman, J., Hainschwang, T.Diamonds - natural, treated & laboratory grown.Gemmological Research Industries Inc. Vancouver B.C., isbn 978-1777369231 184p.GlobalBook - notice

Abstract: For those who have some portable and advanced instruments, this book will serve as a handbook with many useful spectra, cross polarised filters and fluorescence reactions to compare, plus an Appendix with results of tests conducted using 11 portable instruments on 64 samples, and suggestions as to what instruments to use depending on budget and needs. Even if you are not a diamond specialist but are merely interested in the science of diamond, or you trade in diamonds, the information in this book will make you more knowledgeable and confident to talk about this beautiful gem with friends and clients.
DS200912-0846
2009
Zaitsev, A.A.N.A.Zaitsev, A.A.N.A., Keller, J.A., Billstram, K.A.Isotopic composition of Sr, Nd and Pb in pissonite, shortite and calcite carbonatites from Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 425, 2, pp. 302-306.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS1983-0645
1983
Zaitsev, A.I.Zaitsev, A.I., Nenashev, N.I., Nikishov, K.N.Rubidium-strontium Isotope Geochemistry of Serpentinites from Kimberlite rocks of Yakutia.Soviet Geology And Geophysics, Vol. 24, No. 1, PP. 80-84.Russia, YakutiaGeochemistry, Geochronology, Rubidium-strontium
DS1987-0185
1987
Zaitsev, A.I.Entin, A.R., Zaitsev, A.I., Nenahev, N.I., Olshtynskii, S.P.Mineralogical geochemical indicators of the formation conditions of apatiteDoklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR (Russian), Vol. 294, No. 5, pp. 1217-1220RussiaApatite, Carbonatite
DS1990-0452
1990
Zaitsev, A.I.Entin, A.R., Zaitsev, A.I., Nenshev, N.I., Vasilenko, V.B., OrlovSequence of geological events related to the intrusion of the Tomtor massifSoviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 31, no, 12, pp. 39-47RussiaCarbonatite, Tomtor
DS1990-1291
1990
Zaitsev, A.I.Safronov, A.F., Suvorov, V.D., Zaitsev, A.I.Indications of kimberlite magmatism in the crust and the upper mantle ofYakutia.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Nauk USSR*(in Russian), Vol. 312, No. 5, pp. 1204-1206RussiaMantle, Kimberlite magma
DS1991-0444
1991
Zaitsev, A.I.Entin, A.R., Biryukov, V.M., Zaitsev, A.I., Nenashev, N.I., et al.Age of ultrabasic alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the Gornoozyorskii and Povorotny massifsSoviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 32, No. 7, pp. 47-55RussiaCarbonatite, Geochronology
DS1994-1514
1994
Zaitsev, A.I.Safrinov, A.F., Suvonov, V.D., Zaitsev, A.I., Nenashev, N.I.The kimberlite controlling zones in the uppermost mantle of west YakutiaProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 1, pp. 172-176.Russia, YakutiaStructure, Kimberlite
DS1995-0199
1995
Zaitsev, A.I.Brakhfogel, F.F., Zaitsev, A.I., Nenashev, N.I.Isotopic dating of kimberlite and related rocks in the N-E the SiberianPlatformProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Extended Abstracts, p. 63-65.Russia, YakutiaGeochronology
DS1995-2115
1995
Zaitsev, A.I.Zaitsev, A.I., Safronov, A.F., Brakfogel, F.F.Rubidium strontium isotope geochemistry of kimberlites and deep seated xenoliths of the Kharamai field.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 678-679.Russia, Siberia, AnabarGeochemistry, Deposit -Kharamai region
DS1998-1320
1998
Zaitsev, A.I.Shamshina, E.A., Zaitsev, A.I.New age of Yakutian kimberlites7th. Kimberlite Conference abstract, pp. 783-4.Russia, YakutiaGeochronology
DS2003-1295
2003
Zaitsev, A.I.Smelov, A.P., Timofeev, V.F., Zaitsev, A.I.A geodynamic model for the formation of the north Asian craton in the Early8 Ikc Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 9, POSTER abstractChina, AsiaTectonics
DS200412-1855
2003
Zaitsev, A.I.Smelov, A.P., Timofeev, V.F., Zaitsev, A.I.A geodynamic model for the formation of the north Asian craton in the Early Precambrian.8 IKC Program, Session 9, POSTER abstractChina, AsiaCraton studies Tectonics
DS201312-0835
2013
Zaitsev, A.I.Smelov, A.P., Zaitsev, A.I.The age and localization of kimberlite magmatism in the Yakutian kimberlite Province: constraints from isotope geochronology - an overview.Proceedings of the 10th. International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 1, Special Issue of the Journal of the Geological Society of India,, Vol. 1, pp. 225-234.Russia, YakutiaGeochronology
DS1985-0674
1985
Zaitsev, A.M.Tkachev, V.D., Zaitsev, A.M., Tkachev, V.V.The Matrix Pressure Effect and Optical Activity of Inert Gases in Diamond.Doklady Academy of Sciences Nauk BSSR., Vol. 29, No. 5, PP. 412-414.RussiaCrystallography
DS2001-1288
2001
Zaitsev, A.M.Zaitsev, A.M.Optical properties of diamond. A dat a HandbookSpringer Verlag, ISBN 3-540-66582-x, 480p.GlobalRefraction, reflection, absorption, scattering, color, Classification - physical, luminescence
DS200712-0234
2006
Zaitsev, A.M.Deljanin, B., Simic, D., Epeloym, M., Zaitsev, A.M.Study of fancy color and near colorless HPHT grown synthetic diamonds from advanced optical technology Co. Canada.Gems & Gemology, 4th International Symposium abstracts, Fall 2006, p.154-5. abstract onlyTechnologySynthetic diamonds
DS200912-0847
2008
Zaitsev, A.M.Zaitsev, A.M.On the way to mass scale production of perfect bulk diamonds.Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences USA, Vol. 105, 46, 17591-2.TechnologyDiamond production
DS201012-0214
2010
Zaitsev, A.M.Gaillou, E., Post, J.E., Bassim, N.D., Zaitsev, A.M., Rose, T., Fries, M.D., Stroud, R.M., Steele, A., Butler, J.E.Spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations of color laminae in natural pink diamonds.Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 19, 10, pp. 1207-1220.TechnologySpectroscopy
DS201312-0637
2013
Zaitsev, A.M.Nasdala, L., Grambole, D., Wildner, M., Gigler, A.M., Hainschwang, T., Zaitsev, A.M., Harris, J.W., Milledge, J., Schulze, D.J., Hofmeister, W., Balmer, W.A.Radio-colouration of diamond: a spectroscopic study.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 165, pp. 843-861.Africa, South Africa, Democratic Republic of Congo, South America, Brazil, VenezuelaDiamond - colour
DS201412-0196
2013
Zaitsev, A.M.Dobrinets, I.A., Vins, V.G., Zaitsev, A.M.HPHT-treated diamonds: diamonds forever.Springer, 257p. Approx $ 140.TechnologyBook
DS201608-1414
2016
Zaitsev, A.M.Johnson, P., Moe, K.S., Zaitsev, A.M.Treated hydrogen rich diamonds.GSA Annual Meeting, Abstract, Poster 1p.TechnologyBlack diamond

Abstract: Black diamonds with poor transparency due to an intensity of mineral inclusions and fractures are routinely traded in the gem market today. Although the inclusions and fractures are of natural origin this type of diamond is often heated to create a more uniform black color by further graphitizing these inclusions and fractures. Graphitization is often prominent at these fractures resulting in poor quality heavily fractured material. After nitrogen hydrogen is the most common impurity in natural diamond and is often responsible for a gem quality diamonds color. Color in diamond related or attributed to the hydrogen impurity can range from brown to green and gray. These colors are often undesirable to the gem trade and consumers. Recently GIA laboratories have seen a lot of faceted “Black” diamonds (graded as Fancy Black on GIA’s color scale) for identification. These diamonds are hydrogen rich and it is suspected that this material is treated (heated). Probably unattractive grayish green brown material that is virtually worthless in the gem trade before treatment. With such large quantities of this treated material available a serious threat and identification problem is posed to the Gem Diamond industry. Three faceted round cut hydrogen rich diamonds (0.30, 0.52 and 0.58 carats) colored by dense hydrogen clouds giving them a murky grayish appearance have been documented and systematically heated. A black color identical to that of the suspected treated black diamonds has been achieved, thus confirming this coloration treatment and new identification techniques to detect it. These treated black diamonds have a uniform color and lack the heavy fracturing and surface graphitization of typical treated black diamonds. Heating conditions and techniques will be discussed and we report on this new type of material and gem stone treatment.
DS201610-1876
2016
Zaitsev, A.M.Johnson, P., Kyaw, S., Zaitsev, A.M.Treated hydrogen rich diamonds.GSA Annual Meeting, 1/2p. abstractTechnologyBlack diamond
DS201702-0212
2017
Zaitsev, A.M.Eaton-Magana, S., Ardon, T., Zaitsev, A.M.Inclusion and point defect characteristics of Marange graphite bearing diamonds after high temperature annealing.Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 71, pp. 20-29,Africa, ZimbabweDeposit - Marange

Abstract: This study gives an analysis of the effect of low-pressure, high-temperature annealing on the infrared, Raman, and photoluminescence (PL) features, as well as the inclusion characteristics, of cubo-octahedral diamond plates from the Marange deposits in Zimbabwe. The samples showed strong inclusion-related zoning which consists of micron-sized particles identified as graphite and these grew noticeably larger with annealing at temperatures of 300 °C to 1700 °C. Within the natural diamonds, the graphite inclusions (detected by Raman spectroscopy) had a grain size of approximately 1 ?m, which increased to 3 ?m after 1200 °C and 14 ?m after 1700 °C annealing and their hexagonal morphology was discernible. From the geometry of these grains, we determined that they were oriented within the {111} family of planes. The infrared absorption and PL spatial maps were collected after every temperature step to study the effects of annealing on the defects, and photomicrographs and Raman spectra were collected to study the graphite inclusions. The graphitic inclusions grew much larger as the stressed diamond surrounding them converted to graphite. Many nitrogen-related optical centers, including NV? and H3 are no longer detected after high temperature annealing within the cuboid regions as these may have been transformed to hydrogen-bearing complexes such as NVH and N2VH. The presence of CH4 is detected in the unannealed Marange diamonds, but was no longer observed in Raman spectra after 1200 °C annealing. This CH4 disappearance along with changes in inclusion morphology could provide a method to detect heat treatment if these mixed-habit samples are sourced to create treated black gem diamond.
DS201708-1569
2017
Zaitsev, A.M.Eaton-Magana, S., Ardon, T., Zaitsev, A.M.LPHT annealing of brown to yellow type 1a diamonds.Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 77, pp. 159-170.Technologydiamond morphology

Abstract: Low-pressure, high-temperature (LPHT) annealing of yellow-to-brown type Ia natural diamonds was performed to monitor its effects on optical centers within diamond, changes in the observed color, and to assess the process's viability as a commercial gem treatment. With LPHT annealing only, the mostly brown diamonds showed a shift towards yellow coloration; Vis-NIR absorption spectra showed this change was due to a modest increase in H3 intensity. Even at long annealing times (24 h at 1800 °C) or annealing at high temperatures (2000 °C for five minutes), the diamonds did not significantly lose brown coloration. LPHT annealing showed itself as an ineffective means to break apart the vacancy clusters causing the brown color or causing nitrogen disaggregation, which resulted in only a small H3 generation. With LPHT annealing, “amber centers”—a group of several independent bands in the IR between 4200 and 4000 cm? 1 that disappear with HPHT annealing—were seen to anneal out gradually at various temperatures from 1700 to 2000 °C. In contrast, high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) annealing effectively removes brown color at similar time/temperature conditions. Without the high stabilizing pressure provided by HPHT annealing techniques, the LPHT annealing showed pronounced damage on inclusions and dramatic surface etching. In subsequent experiments, LPHT annealing was used as a follow-up to laboratory irradiation. The irradiation-related vacancies created greater concentrations of H3 and the vacancy-assisted disaggregation of nitrogen created donors which led to a high concentration of H2 centers. This combination of defects resulted in a pronounced and favorable shift towards saleable yellow colors due to an increase in H3 and a dramatic increase in the H2 center, which led to the suppression of the remaining brownish component. The annealing characteristics for many centers detected by Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy, FTIR absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy were chronicled throughout the study and compared with other LPHT annealing studies and HPHT annealing experiments.
DS201809-2118
2018
Zaitsev, A.M.Zaitsev, A.M., Moe, K., Wang, W.Defect transformations in nitrogen doped CVD diamond during irradiation and annealing.Diamond and Related Materials, doi:101016/j.diamond.2018.07.017Russiasynthetics

Abstract: Nitrogen-doped CVD diamond treated with electron irradiation and subsequent annealing at temperatures from 860 to 1900?°C was studied using fluorescence imaging, optical absorption and photoluminescence. It was found that nitrogen impurity produces many optical centers active throughout the infrared and visible spectral ranges. The most prominent of them active in IR spectral range are the centers related to nitrogen-hydrogen complexes. They produce absorption lines at 2827, 2874, 2906, 2949, 2990, 3031, 3107, 3123 and 3310?cm?1. Two characteristic absorptions at wavenumbers 1293?cm?1 and 1341?cm?1 were tentatively ascribed to a modified form of nitrogen A-aggregates. In the visible and near IR spectral ranges, characteristic nitrogen-related centers have zero-phonon lines (ZPLs) at 457, 462, 489, 498, 722.5, 852.5, 865.5, 868.5, 908, 921.5 and 924.5?nm. Some of them, e.g. 457, 462 and 498?nm centers, are unique of CVD diamond. It has been confirmed that the brightest pink color of electron-irradiated nitrogen-doped CVD diamond is produced by annealing at temperatures about 1000?°C. Annealing at temperatures over 1600?°C destroys the irradiation-induced pink color. It was found that the center 489?nm is a major absorption feature in the visible spectral range of electron-irradiated, nitrogen-doped CVD diamond. Green color of electron-irradiated, nitrogen-doped CVD diamond is caused by combined absorption of GR1 center and 489?nm center. It has been confirmed that NV defects produced in CVD diamond during growth are very temperature stable. They survive heating at temperatures at least 2000?°C. In contrast, NV defects produced by irradiation may anneal out at temperatures as low as 1600?°C. This much lower thermal stability of the radiation-induced NV defects is the result of their interaction with other radiation defects produced in their vicinity. A conclusion has been made that in nitrogen-doped CVD diamonds nitrogen atoms may form clusters. These clusters are probably the origin of the broad band luminescence at wavelengths 360, 390, 535 and 720?nm and a strong broadening of ZPLs of many optical centers.
DS201812-2829
2018
Zaitsev, A.M.Kazuchits, N.M., Rusetsky, M.S., Kazuchits, V.N., Korolovic, O.V., Kumar, V., Moe, K.S., Wang, W., Zaitsev, A.M. Comparison of HPHT and LPHT annealing of Ib synthetic diamond.Diamond & Related Materials, doi.1016/j.diamond.2018.11.018 30p. Russiasynthetics

Abstract: Defect transformations in type Ib synthetic diamond annealed at a temperature of 1870?°C under stabilizing pressure (HPHT annealing) and in hydrogen atmosphere at normal pressure (LPHT annealing) are compared. Spectroscopic data obtained on the samples before and after annealing prove that the processes of nitrogen aggregation and formation of nitrogen?nickel complexes are similar in both cases. Essential differences between HPHT and LPHT annealing are stronger graphitization at macroscopic imperfections and enhanced lattice distortions around point defects in the latter case. The lattice distortion around point defects is revealed as a considerable broadening of zero-phonon lines of “soft” (vacancy-related) optical centers. It was found that LPHT annealing may enhance overall intensity of luminescence of HPHT-grown synthetic diamonds.
DS201901-0094
2018
Zaitsev, A.M.Zaitsev, A.M., Moe, K.S., Wang, W.Nitrogen in CVD-grown diamond.Gems & Gemology, Sixth International Gemological Symposium Vol. 54, 3, 1p. Abstract p. 304-5.Globalsynthetics

Abstract: In diamond grown by the CVD method, nitrogen behaves differently than it does in natural and HPHT-grown diamond. The most striking peculiarities are low efficiency of doping, formation of unique optical centers over a wide spectral range from the ultraviolet (UV) to the IR regions, and formation of unusual defects related to aggregated nitrogen. In order to gain a better insight into this problem, several nitrogen-doped specimens grown in GIA’s CVD diamond lab and a few commercial yellow CVD-grown diamonds have been studied in their as-grown (asreceived) state and after electron irradiation and annealing at temperatures up to 1900°C (low-pressure, high-temperature treatment). We found that the brightest pink color of electron-irradiated nitrogen-doped CVD-grown diamond is produced by the NV– center after annealing at temperatures of about 1000°C. Annealing at temperatures over 1600°C destroys the irradiation-induced pink color (figure 1). The most prominent optical centers in the IR spectral region (figure 2, left) produced absorptions at 2828, 2874, 2906, 2949, 3031, 3107, 3123, and 3310 cm–1 (latter two not shown). These are ascribed to nitrogen-hydrogen complexes. Two characteristic absorption features at 1293 and 1341 cm–1 (figure 2, right) are unique to CVD diamond. They are tentatively ascribed to a modified form of nitrogen A-aggregates. In the visible and NIR spectral ranges, characteristic nitrogenrelated centers have zero-phonon lines (ZPLs) at 457, 462, 489, 498, 647, 722.5, 852.5, 865.5, 868.5, 908, 921.5, and 924.5 nm. The 489 nm feature is a major color center of electron-irradiated, nitrogen-doped CVD-grown diamond. This center, together with the GR1 center, is responsible for the green color in this material. An assumption is made that N atoms may form clusters in highly nitrogen-doped CVD-grown diamonds. These clusters may result in broad-band luminescence at wavelengths of 360, 390, 535, and 720 nm and a strong broadening of the ZPLs of many optical centers
DS202006-0961
2020
Zaitsev, A.M.Zaitsev, A.M., Kazuchits, N.M., Kazuchits, V.N., Moe, K.S., Rusetsky, M.S., Korolik, O.V., Kitajima, K., Butler, J.E., Wang, W.Nitrogen-doped CVD diamond: nitrogen concentration, color and internal stress.Diamonds & Related Materials, Vol. 105, 13p. pdfMantlenitrogen

Abstract: Single crystal CVD diamond has been grown on (100)-oriented CVD diamond seed in six layers to a total thickness of 4.3 mm, each layer being grown in gas with increasing concentration of nitrogen. The nitrogen doping efficiency, distribution of color and internal stress have been studied by SIMS, optical absorption, Raman spectroscopy and birefringence imaging. It is shown that nitrogen doping is very non-uniform. This non-uniformity is explained by the terraced growth of CVD diamond. The color of the nitrogen-doped diamond is grayish-brown with color intensity gradually increasing with nitrogen concentration. The absorption spectra are analyzed in terms of two continua representing brown and gray color components. The brown absorption continuum exponentially rises towards short wavelength. Its intensity correlates with the concentration of nitrogen C-defects. Small vacancy clusters are discussed as the defects responsible for the brown absorption continuum. The gray absorption continuum has weak and almost linear spectral dependence through the near infrared and visible spectral range. It is ascribed to carbon nanoclusters which may form in plasma and get trapped into growing diamond. It is suggested that Mie light scattering on the carbon nanoclusters substantially contributes to the gray absorption continuum and determines its weak spectral dependence. A Raman line at a wavenumber of 1550 cm?1 is described as a characteristic feature of the carbon nanoclusters. The striation pattern of brown/gray color follows the pattern of anomalous birefringence suggesting that the vacancy clusters and carbon inclusions are the main cause of internal stress in CVD diamond. A conclusion is made that high perfection of seed surface at microscale is not a required condition for growth of low-stress, low-inclusion single crystal CVD diamond. Crystallographic order at macroscale is more important requirement for the seed surface.
DS202103-0423
2021
Zaitsev, A.M.Zaitsev, A.M., Kazuchits, N.M., Moe, K.S., Butler, J.E., Korolik, O.V., Rusetsky, M.S., Kazuchits, V.Luminescence of brown CVD diamond: 468 nm luminescence center.Diamond & Related Materials, Vol. 113, 108255, 7p. PdfGloballuminescence

Abstract: Detailed study of the luminescence of multiple brown CVD diamonds was performed. It has been found that the well-known optical center with zero-phonon line at 468 nm is a characteristic of brown color. It has been found that the defects responsible for 468 nm center are located within brown striations suggesting close relation of the 468 nm center and the vacancy clusters. Simultaneous reduction of the intensity of 468 nm center and brown color during annealing support the assumption of their close relation. Identical spectroscopic parameters of the 468 nm center and the radiation center with ZPL at 492 nm suggest that the former relates to an intrinsic defect probably containing vacancies. The distribution of intensity of the 468 nm center in some brown diamonds follows the distribution of the NV? center while being opposite to that of the NV0 center and the dislocation-related A-band. This observation suggests the negative charge state of the 468 nm center. Due to its high luminescence efficiency, the 468 nm center can be used as a highly sensitive indicator of the traces of vacancy clusters. We found that the 468 nm center is detected practically in every as-grown CVD diamond including colorless CVD diamonds of high structural perfection and high purity.
DS1996-1583
1996
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N.Strontium, neodymium isotopic systematics of the alkaline rare earth elements (REE) carbonates, Khbina, Russia.International Geological Congress 30th Session Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 2, p. 382.RussiaCarbonatite, Deposit -Khbina
DS1996-1584
1996
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N.Rhombohedral carbonates from carbonatites of the Khibin a Massif, KolaPeninsula, Russia.Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 34, pt. 2, April pp. 453-468.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite, Deposit -Khibina
DS1997-0141
1997
Zaitsev, A.N.Bulakh, A.G., Zaitsev, A.N., Le Bas, M.J., Wall, F.Ancylite bearing carbonatites of the Sevlyavr Massif, Kola PeninsulaGeological Association of Canada (GAC) Abstracts, POSTER.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite, Deposit - Sevlyavr
DS1997-1288
1997
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Bell, K., Wall, F., Le Bas, M.J.Alkaline rare earth element carbonates from carbonatites of the KhibinyMassif: mineralogy, genesisDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 355, No. 5, Jun-July pp. 786-90.RussiaCarbonatite
DS1998-1622
1998
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Wall, F., Le Bas, M.J.rare earth elements (REE) Strontium, Barium minerals from the Khibin a carbonatites, Kola Pen. Russia: their mineralogy, paragenesis, evolution.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 62, No. 2, Apr. pp. 225-250.Russia, Kola PeninsulaMineralogy, rare earths, Carbonatite
DS1999-0121
1999
Zaitsev, A.N.Chakhmouradian, A.R., Zaitsev, A.N.Calcite amphibole clinopyroxene rock from AfrikAnd a Complex: mineralogy and possible link - carbonatites 1.Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 37, No. 1, Feb. pp. 177-98.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite, oxide minerals
DS1999-0822
1999
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Subbotin, V.V., et al.Niobium and Zirconium mineralization in the Sallanlatvi carbonatites, Kola Peninsula, Russia.Stanley, SGA Fifth Biennial Symposium, pp. 691-6.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite
DS2001-1215
2001
Zaitsev, A.N.Wall, F., Zaitsev, A.N., Mariano, A.N.Rare earth pegmatites in carbonatitesJournal of South African Earth Sciences, Vol. 32, No. 1, p. A 35-6.(abs)GlobalCarbonatite, Pegmatites - rare earth elements (REE).
DS2002-0268
2002
Zaitsev, A.N.Chakhmouradian, A.R., Zaitsev, A.N.A mineralogical inquiry into the past of unique multistage carbonatites from the AfrikAnd a alkali ultramafic complex, northwestern Russia.18th. International Mineralogical Association Sept. 1-6, Edinburgh, abstract p.245.RussiaCarbonatite
DS2002-0269
2002
Zaitsev, A.N.Chakhmouradian, A.R., Zaitsev, A.N.Calcite amphibole clinopyroxene rock from th Afrikande Complex, Kola Peninsula: mineralogy and a possible link to carbonatites. III silicate minerals.Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 40,5,Oct. pp. 1347-74.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite - mineralogy, Afrikande Complex
DS2002-0372
2002
Zaitsev, A.N.Demeny, A., Zaitsev, A.N., Wall, F., Sindem, S., Sitnikova, M.A., KarchevskyCarbon and isotope compositions of carbonatite complexes from the Kola Peninsula, Russia.18th. International Mineralogical Association Sept. 1-6, Edinburgh, abstract p.252.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite - mineralogy
DS2002-1499
2002
Zaitsev, A.N.Sitnikova, M.A., Wall, F., Jeffries, T., Zaitsev, A.N.Ancylite group minerals in the Sallaniatvi carbonatites, Kola Peninsula, Russia18th. International Mineralogical Association Sept. 1-6, Edinburgh, abstract p.251-2.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite - mineralogy
DS2002-1768
2002
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Chakhmouradian, A.B.Calcite amphibole clinopyroxene rock from AfrikAnd a complex: mineralogy and link carbonatitesCanadian Mineralogist, Vol.40,1,Feb.pp. 103-20.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite - II. oxysalt minerals
DS2002-1769
2002
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Demeny, A., Sindern, S., Wall, F.Burbankite group minerals and their alteration in rare earth carbonatites - source of elements and fluids....Lithos, Vol.62,1-2,pp.15-33., Vol.62,1-2,pp.15-33.Russia, Kola PeninsulaGeochronology, Deposit - Khibina, Vuoriyarvi complex
DS2002-1770
2002
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Demeny, A., Sindern, S., Wall, F.Burbankite group minerals and their alteration in rare earth carbonatites - source of elements and fluids....Lithos, Vol.62,1-2,pp.15-33., Vol.62,1-2,pp.15-33.Russia, Kola PeninsulaGeochronology, Deposit - Khibina, Vuoriyarvi complex
DS200412-1840
2004
Zaitsev, A.N.Sindern, S., Zaitsev, A.N., Demeny, A., et al.Mineralogy and geochemistry of silicate dyke rocks associated with carbonatites from the Khibin a complex, Kola Russia - isotopeMineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 80, 3-4, March pp. 215-239.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite
DS200512-0504
2003
Zaitsev, A.N.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.N.Natrocarbonatite dykes transformed at Oldoinyo Lengai.Periodico di Mineralogia, Vol. LXX11, 1. April, pp. 125-126.Africa, TanzaniaCalcite carbonatite
DS200512-1162
2004
Zaitsev, A.N.Wall, F., Zaitsev, A.N.Phoscorites and carbonatites from mantle to mine: the key example of the Kola Alkaline Province.Mineralogical Society of Great Britain, approx $ 160.Carbonatite
DS200612-0234
2006
Zaitsev, A.N.Chakhmouradian, A.R., Zaitsev, A.N.Afrikanda: an association of ultramafic, alkaline and alkali-silica rich carbonatitic rocks from mantle derived melts.Mineralogical Society Series, Vol. 10, pp. 247-292. ingenta 1063174150MantleCarbonatite
DS200612-0676
2006
Zaitsev, A.N.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.N.Calciocarbonatite dykes at Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania: the fate of natrocarbonatite.Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 44, 4, August pp. 857-876.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS200612-0677
2006
Zaitsev, A.N.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.N., Wiedenmann, D.Primary magmas at Oldoinyo Lengai: the role of olivine melilitites.Lithos, in press availableAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite, magmatism, geochronology
DS200612-0678
2006
Zaitsev, A.N.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.N., Wiedenmann, D.Primary magmas at Oldoinyo Lengai: the role of olivine melilites.Lithos, In press available,Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite, natrocarbonatite, mineralogy
DS200612-1503
2004
Zaitsev, A.N.Wall, F., Zaitsev, A.N., editorsPhoscorites and carbonatites from mantle to mine: the key example of the Kola alkaline province.Mineralogical Society Series, Vol. 10, 498p. approx $160.USRussia, Kola PeninsulaBook - carbonatites, phoscorites
DS200612-1583
2006
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Keller, J.Mineralogical and chemical transformation of Oldoinyo Lengai natrocarbonatites, Tanzania.Lithos, in press availableAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite, alteration, geothermometry
DS200712-0882
2007
Zaitsev, A.N.Reguir, E., Halden, N., Chakmouradian, A., Yang, P., Zaitsev, A.N.Contrasting evolutionary trends in magnetite from carbonatites and alkaline silicate rocks.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A826.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS200712-1216
2007
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Jones, G.C.Mineralogical and geochemical changes in natrocarbonatites due to fumarolic activity at Oldoinyo volcano, Tanzania.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 240.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS200712-1217
2007
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Jones, G.C.Mineralogical and geochemical changes in natrocarbonatites due to fumarolic activity at Oldoinyo volcano, Tanzania.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 240.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS200812-0947
2008
Zaitsev, A.N.Reguir, E.P., Chakhmouradian, A.R., Halden, N.M., Yang, P., Zaitsev, A.N.Early magmatic and reaction induced trends in magnetite from the carbonatites of Kerimasi, Tanzania.Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 46, 4, August pp.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS200812-1305
2008
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Keller, J., Spratt, J., Perova, E.N., Kearlsey, A.Nyereite pissonite calcite shortite relationships in altered natrocarbonatites, Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania.Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 46, 4, August pp.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS200912-0813
2009
Zaitsev, A.N.Wiedenmann, D., Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.N.Occurrence and compositional variation of high Na Al melilites at Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania.alkaline09.narod.ru ENGLISH, May 10, 2p. abstractAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS200912-0848
2009
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Keller, J., Jones, G., Grassineau, N.Mineralogical and geochemical changes of natrocarbonatites due to fumarolic activity at Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania.alkaline09.narod.ru ENGLISH, May 10, 2p. abstractAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201012-0847
2010
Zaitsev, A.N.Wiedenmann, D., Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.N.Melilite group minerals at Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania.Lithos, in press available not formatted 23p.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201112-0112
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Britvin, S.N., Zaitsev, A.N.Layered sodium manganese phosphate from carbonatite lavas of Oldoinyo Lengai, Gregory Rift, Tanzania.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201112-0781
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Perova, E.N., Zaitsev, A.N.Thermodynamic analysis of the stability of secondary minerals in altered carbonatites from Oldoinyo Lengai, northern Tanzania.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201112-0782
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Perova, E.N., Zaitsev, A.N.Thermodynamic analysis of the stability of secondary minerals in altered carbonatites from Oldoinyo Lengai, northern Tanzania.Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p.109-110.Africa, TanzaniaOldoinyo Lengai
DS201112-0783
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Perova, E.N., Zaitsev, A.N.Thermodynamic analysis of the stability of secondary minerals in altered carbonatites from Oldoinyo Lengai, northern Tanzania.Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p.109-110.Africa, TanzaniaOldoinyo Lengai
DS201112-0789
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Petrov, S.V., Antonov, A.V., Golovina, T.A., Zaitsev, A.N.Mineralogy of heavy minerals concentrates from the unconsolidated deposits of Eledoi and Pello Hill volcanic cones ( Gelai volcano): first preliminary dataPeralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterAfrica, TanzaniaAlkalic
DS201112-0790
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Petrov, S.V., Antonov, A.V., Golovina, T.A., Zaitsev, A.N.Mineralogy of heavy minerals concentrates from the unconsolidated deposits of Eeldoi and Pello Hill volcanic cones (Gelai volcano, northern Tanzania) prel.Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p.111-112.Africa, TanzaniaDiamond, pyrope
DS201112-0791
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Petrov, S.V., Antonov, A.V., Golovina, T.A., Zaitsev, A.N.Mineralogy of heavy minerals concentrates from the unconsolidated deposits of Eeldoi and Pello Hill volcanic cones (Gelai volcano, northern Tanzania) prel.Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p.111-112.Africa, TanzaniaDiamond, pyrope
DS201112-0958
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Siidra, O.I., Spratt, J., Demeny, A., Homonnay, Z., Markl, G., Zaitsev, A.N.Cation distribution in the crystal structure of a new amphibole group mineral from the Deeti volcanic cone, northern Tanzania.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterAfrica, TanzaniaAlkalic
DS201112-1148
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Sharygin, V.V., Kamenetsky, V.S., Kamenetsky, M.B.Silicate-carbonate liquid immiscibility in 1917 eruption nephelinite lavas, Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania: melt inclusion study.Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p.164-166.Africa, TanzaniaOldoinyo Lengai
DS201112-1149
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Sharygin, V.V., Kamenetsky, V.S., Kamenetsky, M.B.Silicate-carbonate liquid immiscibility in 1917 eruption nephelinite lavas, Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania: melt inclusion study.Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p.164-166.Africa, TanzaniaOldoinyo Lengai
DS201112-1150
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Sharygin, V.V., Sobolev, V.S., Kamenetsky, V.S., Kamenetsky, M.B.Silicate carbonate liquid immiscibility in 1917 eruption nephelinite lavas, Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania: melt inclusion study.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterAfrica, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201112-1151
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Wenzel, T., Markl, G.Natrocarbonatites at Sadiman and Tinderent volcanoes, East African Rift - myth or reality?Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p.161-163.Africa, KenyaCarbonatite
DS201112-1152
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Wenzel, T., Markl, G.Natrocarbonatites at Sadiman and Tinderent volcanoes, East African Rift - myth or reality?Peralk-Carb 2011... workshop June 16-18, Tubingen, Germany, Abstract p.161-163.Africa, KenyaCarbonatite
DS201201-0861
2011
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Chakmouradian, A.R., Sidra, O.I., Spratt, J., Williams, Stanley, Petrov, Britvin, PolyakaFlourine , yttrium and lanthaide rich cerianite (Ce) from carbonatitic rocks of the Kerimasi volcano and surrounding explosive craters Gregory Rift Tanzania.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 75, 6, pp. 2813-2822.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201212-0117
2012
Zaitsev, A.N.Chakhmouradian, A.R., Zaitsev, A.N.Rare earth mineralization in igneous rocks: sources and processes.Elements, Vol. 8, 5, Oct. pp. 347-353.Global, RussiaMineralogy, REE, deposits, carbonatites
DS201212-0351
2012
Zaitsev, A.N.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.N.Geochemistry and petrogenetic significance of natrocarbonatites at Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania: composition of lavas from 1988-2007.Lithos, Vol. 148, pp. 45-53.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201212-0352
2012
Zaitsev, A.N.Keller, J., Zaitsev, A.N.Reprint of Geochemistry and petrogenetic significance of natrocarbonattes at Oldoinyo-Lengai, Tanzania: composition of lavas from 1988-2007.Lithos, Vol. 152, pp. 47-55.Africa, TanzaniaDeposit - Oldoinyo-Lengai
DS201212-0639
2012
Zaitsev, A.N.Sharygin, V.V., Kamenetsky, V.S., Zaitsev, A.N., Kamenetsky, M.B.Silicate-natrocarbonatite liquid immiscibility in 1917 eruption combeite-wollastonite nephelinite, Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania: melt inclusion study.Lithos, Vol. 152, pp. 23-39.Africa, TanzaniaDeposit - Oldoinyo-Lengai
DS201212-0810
2012
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Marks, M.A.W., Wenzel, T., Spratt, W.J., Sharygin, V.V., Strekoptov, G.M.Mineralogy, geochemistry and petrology of the phonolitic to nephelinitic Sadiman volcano, Crater Highlands, Tanzania.Lithos, Vol. 152, pp. 66-83.Africa, TanzaniaNephelinite
DS201312-0799
2013
Zaitsev, A.N.Sekisova, V.S., Sharygin, V.V., Zaitsev, A.N.Silicate natrocarbonate immisicibility in ijolites at Oldoinyo Lengai Tanzania: melt inclusion study.Goldschmidt 2013, 1p. AbstractAfrica, TanzaniaIjolite
DS201312-1003
2013
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Kamenetsky, V.S.Magnetite hosted melt inclusions from phoscorites and carbonatites ( Kovdor, Kola): a hydrous analog of Oldoinyo Lengai natrocarbonatites?Goldschmidt 2013, 1p. AbstractRussia, Kola Peninsula, Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201312-1004
2013
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Wenzel, T., Vennemann, T., Markl, G.Tinderet volcano, Kenya: an altered natrocarbonatite locality?Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 77, 3, pp. 213-226.Africa, KenyaCarbonatite
DS201412-0545
2014
Zaitsev, A.N.Mangler, M.F., Marks, M.A.W., Zaitsev, A.N., Eby, G.N., Markl, G.Halogens (F, Cl and Br) at Oldoinyo Lengai volcano ( Tanzania): effects of magmatic differentiation, silicate, natrocarbonatite melt seperation and surface alteration of natrocarbonatite.Chemical Geology, Vol. 365, pp. 43-53.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201412-1015
2014
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Williams, C.T., Jeffreis, T.E., Strekopytov, S., Moutte, J., Ivashchenkova, O.V., Spratt, J., Petrov, S.V., Wall, F., Seltmann, R., Borozdin, A.P.Rare earth elements in phoscorites and carbonatites of the Devonian Kola alkaline province, Russia: examples from Kovdor, Khibina, Vuoriyarvi and Turiy Mys complexes.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 64, pp. 204-225.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite
DS201412-1017
2014
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Williams, C.T., Jeffries, T.E., Strekopytov, S., Moutte, J., Ivashchenkova, O.V., Spratt, J., Petrov, S.V., Wall, F., Seltmann, R., Borozdin, A.P.Rare earth elements in phoscorites and carbonatites of the Devonian Kola alkaline province, Russia: examples from Kovdor, Khibina, Vuoriyarvi and Turiy Mys complexes.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 61, pp. 204-225.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite
DS201412-1019
2014
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Williams, C.T., Jeffries, T.E., Strekopytov, S., Moutte, J., Ivashchenkova, O.V., Spratt, J., Petrov, S.V., Wall, F., Seltmann, R., Borozdin, A.P.Rare earth elements in phoscorites and carbonatites of the Devonian Kola alkaline province, Russia: examples from Kovdor, Khibina, Vuoriyarvi and Turiy Mys complexes.Ore Geology Reviews, in press availableRussia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite
DS201506-0256
2015
Zaitsev, A.N.Bell, K., Zaitsev, A.N., Spratt, J., Frojdo, S., Rukhlov, A.S.Elemental, lead and sulfur isotopic compositions of galena from Kola carbonatites, Russia - implications for melt and mantle evolution.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 79, 2, pp. 219-241.RussiaCarbonatite, Kola

Abstract: Galena from four REE-rich (Khibina, Sallanlatvi, Seblyavr, Vuoriyarvi) and REE-poor (Kovdor) carbonatites, as well as hydrothermal veins (Khibina) all from the Devonian Kola Alkaline Province of northwestern Russia was analysed for trace elements and Pb and S isotope compositions. Microprobe analyses show that the only detectable elements in galena are Bi and Ag and these vary from not detectable to 2.23 and not detectable to 0.43 wt.% respectively. Three distinct galena groups can be recognized using Bi and Ag contents, which differ from groupings based on Pb isotope data. The Pb isotope ratios show significant spread with 206Pb/204Pb ratios (16.79 to 18.99), 207Pb/204Pb (15.22 to 15.58) and 208Pb/204Pb ratios (36.75 to 38.62). A near-linear array in a 207Pb/204Pb vs. 206Pb/204Pb ratio diagram is consistent with mixing between distinct mantle sources, one of which formed during a major differentiation event in the late Archaean or earlier. The S isotopic composition (?34S) of galena from carbonatites is significantly lighter (–-6.7 to -–10.3% Canyon Diablo Troilite (CDT) from REE-rich Khibina, Seblyavr and Vuoriyarvi carbonatites, and - 3.2% CDT from REE-poor Kovdor carbonatites) than the mantle value of 0%. Although there is no correlation between S and any of the Pb isotope ratios, Bi and Ag abundances correlate negatively with ?34S values. The variations in the isotopic composition of Pb are attributed to partial melting of an isotopically heterogeneous mantle source, while those of ?34S (together with Bi and Ag abundances) are considered to be process driven. Although variation in Pb isotope values between complexes might reflect different degrees of interaction between carbonatitic melts and continental crust or metasomatized lithosphere, the published noble gas and C, O, Sr, Nd and Hf isotopic data suggest that the variable Pb isotope ratios are best attributed to isotopic differences preserved within a sub-lithospheric mantle source. Different Pb isotopic compositions of galena from the same complex are consistent with a model of magma replenishment by carbonatitic melts/fluids each marked by quite different Pb isotopic compositions.
DS201508-0345
2015
Zaitsev, A.N.Chakhmouradian, A.R., Reguir, E.P., Zaitsev, A.N.Calcite and dolomite in intrusive carbonatites. I Textural variastions.Mineralogy and Petrology, in press available 28p.GlobalCarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatites are nominally igneous rocks, whose evolution commonly involves also a variety of postmagmatic processes, including exsolution, subsolidus re-equilibration of igneous mineral assemblages with fluids of different provenance, hydrothermal crystallization, recrystallization and tectonic mobilization. Petrogenetic interpretation of carbonatites and assessment of their mineral potential are impossible without understanding the textural and compositional effects of both magmatic and postmagmatic processes on the principal constituents of these rocks. In the present work, we describe the major (micro)textural characteristics of carbonatitic calcite and dolomite in the context of magma evolution, fluid-rock interaction, or deformation, and provide information on the compositional variation of these minerals and its relation to specific evolutionary processes.
DS201602-0236
2015
Zaitsev, A.N.Sekisova, V.S., Sharygin, V.V., Zaitsev, A.N., Strekopytov, S.Liquid immiscibility during crystallization of forsterite-phlogopite ijolites at Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania: study of melt inclusions.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 56, pp. 1717-1737.Africa, TanzaniaDeposit - Oldoinyo Lengai

Abstract: The paper is concerned with study of melt inclusions in minerals of ijolite xenoliths at Oldoinyo Lengai Volcano. Melt inclusions with different phase compositions occur in forsterite macrocrysts and in diopside, nepheline, fluorapatite, Ti-andradite, and Ti-magnetite crystals. Nepheline contains primary melt inclusions (silicate glass + gas-carbonate globule ± submicron globules ± sulfide globule ± daughter/trapped phases, represented by diopside, fluorapatite, Ti-andradite, and alumoakermanite). The gas-carbonate globule consists of a gas bubble surrounded by a fine-grained aggregate of Na-Ca-carbonates (nyerereite and gregoryite). Fluorapatite contains primary carbonate-rich melt inclusions in the core, which consist of nyerereite, gregoryite, thenardite, witherite, fluorite, villiaumite, and other phases. Their mineral composition is similar to natrocarbonatites. Primary melt inclusions (glass + gas bubble ± daughter phases) are rare in diopside and Ti-andradite. Diopside and forsterite have trails of secondary carbonate-rich inclusions. Besides the above minerals, these inclusions contain halite, sylvite, neighborite, Na-Ca-phosphate, alkali sulfates, and other rare phases. In addition, diopside contains sulfide inclusions (pyrrhotite ± chalcopy- rite ± djerfisherite ± galena ± pentlandite). The chemical compositions of silicate glasses in the melt inclusions vary widely. The glasses are characterized by high Na, K, and Fe contents and low Al contents. They have high total alkali contents (16-23 wt.% Na2O + K2O) and peralkalinity index [(Na + K)/Al] ranging from 1.1 to 7.6. The carbonate-rich inclusions in the ijolite minerals are enriched in Na, P, S, and Cl. The data obtained indicate that the parental melt in the intermediate chamber was heterogeneous and contained silicate, natrocarbonate, and sulfide components during the ijolite crystallization. According to heating experiments with melt inclusions, silicate-carbonate liquid immiscibility occurred at temperature over 580 °C.
DS201702-0201
2017
Zaitsev, A.N.Chakhmouradian, A.R., Rehuir, E.P., Zaitsev, A.N., Coueslan, C., Xu, C., Kynicky, J., Hamid Mumin, A., Yang, P.Apatite in carbonatitic rocks: compositional variation, zoning, element partitioning and petrogeneitic significance.Lithos, in press available, 138p.TechnologyCarbonatite

Abstract: The Late Cretaceous (ca. 100 Ma) diamondiferous Fort à la Corne (FALC) kimberlite field in the Saskatchewan (Sask) craton, Canada, is one of the largest known kimberlite fields on Earth comprising essentially pyroclastic kimberlites. Despite its discovery more than two decades ago, petrological, geochemical and petrogenetic aspects of the kimberlites in this field are largely unknown. We present here the first detailed petrological and geochemical data combined with reconnaissance Nd isotope data on drill-hole samples of five major kimberlite bodies. Petrography of the studied samples reveals that they are loosely packed, clast-supported and variably sorted, and characterised by the presence of juvenile lapilli, crystals of olivine, xenocrystal garnet (peridotitic as well as eclogitic paragenesis) and Mg-ilmenite. Interclast material is made of serpentine, phlogopite, spinel, carbonate, perovskite and rutile. The mineral compositions, whole-rock geochemistry and Nd isotopic composition (Nd: + 0.62 to ? 0.37) are indistinguishable from those known from archetypal hypabyssal kimberlites. Appreciably lower bulk-rock CaO (mostly < 5 wt%) and higher La/Sm ratios (12-15; resembling those of orangeites) are a characteristic feature of these rocks. Their geochemical composition excludes any effects of significant crustal and mantle contamination/assimilation. The fractionation trends displayed suggest a primary kimberlite melt composition indistinguishable from global estimates of primary kimberlite melt, and highlight the dominance of a kimberlite magma component in the pyroclastic variants. The lack of Nb-Ta-Ti anomalies precludes any significant role of subduction-related melts/fluids in the metasomatism of the FALC kimberlite mantle source region. Their incompatible trace elements (e.g., Nb/U) have OIB-type affinities whereas the Nd isotope composition indicates a near-chondritic to slightly depleted Nd isotope composition. The Neoproterozoic (~ 0.6-0.7 Ga) depleted mantle (TDM) Nd model ages coincide with the emplacement age (ca. 673 Ma) of the Amon kimberlite sills (Baffin Island, Rae craton, Canada) and have been related to upwelling protokimberlite melts during the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent and its separation from Laurentia (North American cratonic shield). REE inversion modelling for the FALC kimberlites as well as for the Jericho (ca. 173 Ma) and Snap Lake (ca. 537 Ma) kimberlites from the neighbouring Slave craton, Canada, indicate all of their source regions to have been extensively depleted (~ 24%) before being subjected to metasomatic enrichment (1.3-2.2%) and subsequent small-degree partial melting. These findings are similar to those previously obtained on Mesozoic kimberlites (Kaapvaal craton, southern Africa) and Mesoproterozoic kimberlites (Dharwar craton, southern India). The striking similarity in the genesis of kimberlites emplaced over broad geological time and across different supercontinents of Laurentia, Gondwanaland and Rodinia, highlights the dominant petrogenetic role of the sub-continental lithosphere. The emplacement of the FALC kimberlites can be explained both by the extensive subduction system in western North America that was established at ca. 150 Ma as well as by far-field effects of the opening of the North Atlantic ocean during the Late Cretaceous.
DS201706-1112
2017
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Britvin, S.N., Kearsley, A., Wenzel, T., Kirk, C.Jorgkellerite, a new layered phosphate-carbonate mineral from Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Gregory rift, northern Tanzania.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 111, 3, pp. 373-381.Africa, Tanzaniamineralogy

Abstract: Jörgkellerite, ideally Na3Mn3+ 3(PO4)2(CO3)O2•5H2O, is a new layered phosphate-carbonate from the Oldoinyo Lengai volcano in the Gregory Rift (northern Tanzania). The mineral occurs as spherulites, up to 200 ?m in diameter, consisting of plates up to 10 ?m in thickness in shortite-calcite and calcite carbonatites. Jörgkellerite is brown with a vitreous lustre and has a perfect micaceous cleavage on {001}, Mohs hardness is 3. The calculated density is 2.56 g/cm3. Jörgkellerite is uniaxial (-), ? = 1.700(2), ? = 1.625(2) (Na light, 589 nm) with distinct pleochroism: O = dark brown, E = light brown. The empirical formula of the mineral (average of 10 electron microprobe analyses) is (Na2.46K0.28Ca0.08Sr0.04Ba0.02)?2.88(Mn3+ 2.39Fe3+ 0.56)?2.95((PO4)1.95(SiO4)0.05))?2.00(CO3)(O1.84(OH)0.16)?2.00•5H2O. The oxidation state of Mn has been determined by XANES. Jörgkellerite is trigonal, space group P-3, a = 11.201(2) Å, c = 10.969(2) Å, V = 1191.9(7) Å3 and Z = 3. The five strongest powder-diffraction lines [d in Å, (I/I o), (hkl)] are: 10.970 (100) (001), 5.597 (15) (002), 4.993 (8) (111), 2.796 (14) (220) and 2.724 (20) (004). The crystal structure is built up of the layers composed of disordered edge-sharing [MnO6] octahedra. Each fourth Mn site in octahedral layer is vacant that results in appearance of ordered system of hexagonal "holes" occupied by (CO3) groups. The overall composition of the layer can be expressed as [Mn3O8(CO3)]. These manganese-carbonate layers are linked in the third dimension by (PO4) tetrahedra and Na-polyhedra. The origin of jörgkellerite is related to low-temperature oxidative alteration of gregoryite-nyerereite carbonatites.
DS201706-1113
2017
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Zhitova, E.S., Spratt, J., Zolotarev, A.A., Krivovichev, S.V.Isolueshite, NaNb03, from the Kovdor carbonatite, Kola Peninsula, Russia: composition, crystal structure and possible formation scenarios.Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Vol. 194, 2, pp. 165-173.Russia, Kola Peninsuladeposit - Kovdor

Abstract: Isolueshite, a cubic complex oxide with the formula NaNbO3, occurs as euhedral crystals 0.4 - 0.7 mm in size in calcite carbonatite, Kovdor ultrabasic-alkaline complex (Kola, Russia). Average composition of isolueshite, based on 40 analyses by wavelength-dispersive electron microprobe is (Na0.84Ca0.07Sr0.01La0.01Ce0.01)?0.95(Nb0.90Ti0.11)?1.01O3. Minor and trace elements are Ti (4.1- 6.8 wt.% TiO2), REEs (1.8 - 4.0 wt.% REE2O3), Ca (1.7- 3.3 wt.% CaO), Zr (0.1- 0.8 wt.% ZrO2), Sr (0.3 - 0.4 wt.% SrO), Th (0.1- 0.5 wt.% ThO2), Fe (0.1- 0.2 wt.% Fe2O3) and Ta (0.1 wt.% Ta2O5). The crystal structure of isolueshite was refined to an agreement index (R1) of 0.028 for 82 unique reflections with |F0| ? 4 ?(F). The mineral is cubic, Pm3-m, a = 3.9045(5) Å and V = 59.525(13) Å3. The diffraction pattern of the crystal contains only regular and strong Bragg reflections with no signs of diffuse scattering. There are two sites in the crystal structure: A is 12-coordinated (A-O = 2.556(3) Å) and located at the corners of the cubic primitive cell and B is situated in the center of the unit-cell and has an octahedral coordination. The crystal-chemical formula based on the structure refinement is (Na0.84(1)Ca0.16(1))(Nb0.88(1)Ti0.12(1))O3. We suggest that isolueshite is a quenched (kinetically favored) polymorph of lueshite that formed as a result of rapid crystallization due to the sudden drop in temperature and/or pressure.
DS201801-0053
2017
Zaitsev, A.N.Reguir, E.P., Chakhmouradian, A.R., Zaitsev, A.N., Yang, P.Trace element variations and zoning in phlogopite from carbonatites and phoscorites.Carbonatite-alkaline rocks and associated mineral deposits , Dec. 8-11, abstract p. 8-9.carbonatites

Abstract: Phlogopite from carbonatites and phoscorites worldwide shows three major types of core-to-rim trends of compositional variation: Ba+Al-, Fe and Fe+Al enrichment. These major-element trends are accompanied by largely consistent changes in traceelement abundances. Uptake of Rb, Sr, Ba, Sc, V, Mn and HFSE by phlogopite is susceptible to changes in the availability of these elements due to precipitation of other early silicate and oxide phases (especially, magnetite, apatite and niobates). In rare cases, more complex oscillatory and sector patterns are juxtaposed over the principal evolutionary trend, indicating kinetic and crystal-chemical controls over element uptake. Phlogopite is a common accessory to major constituent of carbonatites and genetically related rocks (including phoscorites). Major-element variations of phlogopite from these rocks have been addressed in much detail in the literature (for references, see Reguir et al. 2009), whereas its trace-element characteristics and zoning patterns have so far received little attention. In this work, we examined the compositional variation of phlogopite from 23 carbonatite and phoscorite localities worldwide. The major-element compositions were determined using wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (WDS) and trace-element abundances by laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Previously, two major core-to-rim zoning trends have been identified in micas from calcite carbonatites (Reguir et al. 2009, 2010). Phlogopite from Oka (Canada) and Iron Hill (USA), for example, involves an increase in kinoshitalite component rim-ward, accompanied by enrichment in high-field-strength elements (HFSE = Zr, Nb, Ta), Sr and Sc. At most other carbonatite localities (e.g., Kovdor in Russia, or Prairie Lake in Canada), phlogopite crystals exhibit rim-ward enrichment in Fe. In the present work, we confirmed these two common types of zoning, and identified new patterns that have not been reported in the previous literature. In addition to the common Fe-enrichment trend, which occurs in both carbonatites (e.g., Guli in Russia and Sokli in Finland) and phoscorites (e.g., Aley in Canada), we identified a Fe-Al-enrichment subtype of this zoning pattern observed, for example, in samples from the Shiaxiondong calcite carbonatite (China). Overall, the Fe-enrichment pattern is accompanied by rim-ward depletion in Ba, Rb and HFSE, coupled with enrichment in Mn. Other trace elements exhibit no consistent variation among the studied samples. The Shiaxiondong material is characterized by the highest recorded Rb values, ranging from 1120 to 660 ppm. Phlogopite from the Kovdor calcite-forsterite-magnetite phoscorite contains the highest recorded levels of Nb and Ta, ranging from 320 ppm and 40 ppm, respectively, in the core to 85 ppm and 4 ppm in the rim. The maximum levels of Zr (up to 50 ppm) were observed in the core of Prairie Lake phlogopite, whereas its rim contains the highest measured Mn content (up to 4100 ppm). The levels of Sc are typically below 100 ppm in samples from calcite and dolomite carbonatites, but may reach 280 ppm in phoscorites. Interestingly, phlogopite from phoscorites shows rim-ward enrichment in Sc, whereas the opposite trend is observed in carbonatitic micas. Phlogopite from calcite carbonatites at Zibo (China) and Valentine Township (Canada), and from phoscorites at Aley (Canada) shows an unusual zoning pattern involving depletion in Fe, which is accompanied by a decrease in Al, Ba, Sr, Zr, Hf, Y, Sc and V abundances. The concentrations of other trace elements, including Nb and Ta show inconsistent variations. In the Aley phoscorite, phlogopite is enriched in Ba (up to 15000 ppm in the core and < 7500 ppm in the rim), but poor in Sr (80 and 35 ppm in the core and rim, respectively) relative to those from the Zibo and Valentine carbonatites. Zirconium levels reach 200 and 170 ppm in the core, and drop to < 40 and 60 ppm in the rim of the Valentine and Zibo samples, respectively. In the Aley sample, the content of Zr does not exceed 55 ppm. The Zibo sample is also enriched in V (up to 230 and 160 ppm in the core and rim, respectively) relative to the two other samples (< 100 ppm V). The Sc and Hf levels are consistently low (less than 30 and 4 ppm, respectively). In addition to simple core-rim patterns, phlogopite from carbonatites and phoscorites may exhibit oscillatory zoning, which involves periodic variations in Fe/Mg ratio. Iron-rich zones are relatively depleted in Mn, but enriched in Nb. One sample of phoscoritic phlogopite (Aley) exhibits striking sector zoning juxtaposed over the overall Feenrichment trend and Fe-Mg oscillations. In terms of major elements, basal sectors perpendicular to [001] are enriched in Fe and Al, but depleted in Mg and K relative to the flank sectors. This enrichment is accompanied by higher Ba, Sr and HFSE levels in the basal sector. Our data confirm that there is no universal pattern of zoning in carbonatitic or phoscoritic phlogopite, and variations in the content of most trace elements are strongly coupled to major-element patterns. Three major core-to-rim variation trends, as well as juxtaposed oscillatory and sector patterns, can be recognized. The observed compositional variations indicate that, in the majority of cases, the trace-element composition of phlogopite is controlled by partitioning of Rb, Sr, Ba, Sc, V, Mn and HFSE between this mineral, its parental magma, and co-precipitating early phases. Among the latter, magnetite, apatite and niobates appear to exert the greatest influence on element distributions. More complex oscillatory and sector patterns imply the presence of kinetic and crystal-chemical controls over element uptake in certain carbonatitic systems
DS202104-0619
2021
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Spratt, J., Shtukenberg, A.G., Zolotarev, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Petrov, S.V., Kuptsova, A.V., Antonov, A.V.Oscillatory- and sector zoned pyrochlore from carbonatites of the Kerimasi volcano, Gregory rift, Tanzania.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. Pp. 1-22. pdfAfrica, Tanzaniacarbonatite

Abstract: The Quaternary carbonatite-nephelinite Kerimasi volcano is located within the Gregory rift in northern Tanzania. It is composed of nephelinitic and carbonatitic pyroclastic rocks, tuffs, tuff breccias and pyroclastic breccias, which contain blocks of different plutonic (predominantly ijolite) and volcanic (predominantly nephelinite) rocks including carbonatites. The plutonic and volcanic carbonatites both contain calcite as the major mineral with variable amounts of magnetite or magnesioferrite, apatite and forsterite. Carbonatites also contain accessory baddeleyite, kerimasite, pyrochlore and calzirtite. Zr and Nb minerals are rarely observed in rock samples, though they are abundant in eluvial deposits of carbonatite tuff/pyroclastic breccias in the Loluni and Kisete craters. Pyrochlore, ideally (CaNa)Nb 2 O 6 F, occurs as octahedral and cubo-octahedral crystals up to 300 ?m in size. Compositionally, pyrochlore from Loluni and Kisete differs. The former is enriched in U (up to 19.4 wt.% UO 2 ), light rare earth elements (up to 8.3 wt.% LREE 2 O 3 ) and Zr (up to 14.4 wt.% ZrO 2 ), and the latter contains elevated Ti (up to 7.3 wt.% TiO 2 ). All the crystals investigated were crystalline, including those with high U content ( a = 10.4152(1) Å for Loluni and a = 10.3763(1) Å for Kisete crystals). They have little or no subsolidus alteration nor low-temperature cation exchange ( A -site vacancy up to 1.5% of the site), and are suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis ( R 1 = 0.0206 and 0.0290; for all independent reflections for Loluni and Kisete crystals, respectively). Observed variations in the pyrochlore composition, particularly Zr content, from the Loluni and Kisete craters suggest crystallisation from compositionally different carbonatitic melts. The majority of pyrochlore crystals studied exhibit exceptionally well-preserved oscillatory- and sometimes sector-type zoning. The preferential incorporation of smaller and higher charged elements into more geometrically constrained sites on the growing surfaces explains the formation of the sector zoning. The oscillatory zoning can be rationalised by considering convectional instabilities of carbonatite magmas during their emplacement.
DS202109-1496
2021
Zaitsev, A.N.Zaitsev, A.N., Spratt, J., Shtukenberg, A.G., Zolotarev, A.A., Britvin, S.N., Petrov, S.V., Kuptsova, A.V., Antonov, A.V.Oscillatory- and select-zoned pyrochlore from carbonatites of the Kerimasi volcano, Gregory Rift, Tanzania.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 85, 4, pp. 532-553.Africa, Tanzaniadeposit - Kerimasi

Abstract: The Quaternary carbonatite-nephelinite Kerimasi volcano is located within the Gregory rift in northern Tanzania. It is composed of nephelinitic and carbonatitic pyroclastic rocks, tuffs, tuff breccias and pyroclastic breccias, which contain blocks of different plutonic (predominantly ijolite) and volcanic (predominantly nephelinite) rocks including carbonatites. The plutonic and volcanic carbonatites both contain calcite as the major mineral with variable amounts of magnetite or magnesioferrite, apatite and forsterite. Carbonatites also contain accessory baddeleyite, kerimasite, pyrochlore and calzirtite. Zr and Nb minerals are rarely observed in rock samples, though they are abundant in eluvial deposits of carbonatite tuff/pyroclastic breccias in the Loluni and Kisete craters. Pyrochlore, ideally (CaNa)Nb 2 O 6 F, occurs as octahedral and cubo-octahedral crystals up to 300 ?m in size. Compositionally, pyrochlore from Loluni and Kisete differs. The former is enriched in U (up to 19.4 wt.% UO 2 ), light rare earth elements (up to 8.3 wt.% LREE 2 O 3 ) and Zr (up to 14.4 wt.% ZrO 2 ), and the latter contains elevated Ti (up to 7.3 wt.% TiO 2 ). All the crystals investigated were crystalline, including those with high U content ( a = 10.4152(1) Å for Loluni and a = 10.3763(1) Å for Kisete crystals). They have little or no subsolidus alteration nor low-temperature cation exchange ( A -site vacancy up to 1.5% of the site), and are suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis ( R 1 = 0.0206 and 0.0290; for all independent reflections for Loluni and Kisete crystals, respectively). Observed variations in the pyrochlore composition, particularly Zr content, from the Loluni and Kisete craters suggest crystallisation from compositionally different carbonatitic melts. The majority of pyrochlore crystals studied exhibit exceptionally well-preserved oscillatory- and sometimes sector-type zoning. The preferential incorporation of smaller and higher charged elements into more geometrically constrained sites on the growing surfaces explains the formation of the sector zoning. The oscillatory zoning can be rationalised by considering convectional instabilities of carbonatite magmas during their emplacement.
DS202111-1759
2021
Zaitsev, A.N.Britvin, S., Vlasenko, N.S., Aslandukov, A., Aslandova, A., Dubovinsky, L., Gorelova, L.A., Krzhizhanvskaya, M.G., Vereshchagin, O.S., Bocharov, V.N., Shelukina, Y.S., Lozhkin, M.S., Zaitsev, A.N., Nestola, F.Natural cubic perovskite, Ca(Ti,Si,Cr) O 3-delta, a versatile potential host rock-forming and less common elements up to Earth's mantle pressure.American Mineralogist, doi:10.2138/am-2022-8186 in pressMantleperovskite

Abstract: Perovskite, CaTiO3, originally described as a cubic mineral, is known to have a distorted (orthorhombic) crystal structure. We herein report on the discovery of natural cubic perovskite. This was identified in gehlenite rocks occurring in a pyrometamorphic complex of the Hatrurim Formation (the Mottled Zone), in the vicinity of the Dead Sea, Negev Desert, Israel. The mineral is associated with native ?-(Fe,Ni) metal, schreibersite (Fe3P) and Si-rich fluorapatite. The crystals of this perovskite reach 50 ?m in size and contain many micron sized inclusions of melilite glass. The mineral contains significant amounts of Si substituting for Ti (up to 9.6 wt.% SiO2) corresponding to 21 mol.% of the davemaoite component (cubic perovskite-type CaSiO3), in addition to up to 6.6 wt.% Cr2O3. Incorporation of trivalent elements results in the occurrence of oxygen vacancies in the crystal structure; this being the first example of natural oxygen-vacant ABO3 perovskite with the chemical formula Ca(Ti,Si,Cr)O3-? (? ~ 0.1). Stabilization of cubic symmetry (space group Pm?3m) is achieved via the mechanism not reported so far for CaTiO3, namely displacement of an oxygen atom from its ideal structural position (site splitting). The mineral is stable at atmospheric pressure to 1250±50 °C; above this temperature its crystals fuse with the embedded melilite glass, yielding a mixture of titanite and anorthite upon melt solidification. The mineral is stable upon compression to at least 50 GPa. The a lattice parameter exhibits continuous contraction from 3.808(1) Å at atmospheric pressure to 3.551(6) Å at 50 GPa. The second-order truncation of the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state gives the initial volume V0 equal to 55.5(2) Å3 and room temperature isothermal bulk modulus K0 of 153(11) GPa. The discovery of oxygen-deficient single perovskite suggests previously unaccounted ways for incorporation of almost any element into the perovskite framework up to pressures corresponding to those of the Earth’s mantle.
DS202203-0353
2021
Zaitsev, A.N.Kamenetsky, V.S., Doroshkevich, A.G., Elliott, A.L., Zaitsev, A.N.Carbonatites: contrasting, complex, and controversial.Elements, Vol. 17, pp. 307-314.Mantlemelting

Abstract: Carbonatites are unique, enigmatic, and controversial rocks directly sourced from, or evolved from, mantle melts. Mineral proportions and chemical compositions of carbonatites are highly variable and depend on a wide range of processes: melt generation, liquid immiscibility, fractional crystallization, and post-magmatic alteration. Observations of plutonic carbon-atites and their surrounding metasomatic rocks (fenites) suggest that carbon-atite intrusions and volcanic rocks do not fully represent the true compositions of the parental carbonatite melts and fluids. Carbonatites are enriched in rare elements, such as niobium and rare earths, and may host deposits of these elements. Carbonatites are also important for understanding the carbon cycle and mantle evolution.
DS201610-1914
2004
Zaitsev, A.N. .Wall, F., Zaitsev, A.N. .Phoscorites and carbonatites from mantle to mine: the key example of the Kola alkaline province.Mineralogical Society Series, isbn 0-903056-22-4 on sale approx 20lbsRussia, Kola PeninsulaBook - volcanology

Abstract: The first response to the title of this book is often 'What is a phoscorite?'. The exact definition and characteristics of phoscorite are discussed in some detail in Chapter 2 and were the subject of varying opinions amongst the authors of this and other chapters. We nicknamed the book 'the dark side of carbonatites', which covers it nicely. Phoscorites are dark, often very handsome, sometimes economically valuable, magnetite-apatite-silicate rocks, almost always associated with carbonatite. They are key to understanding the longstanding question of how carbonate and carbonate-bearing magmas rise to the crust and the Earth's surface. Despite this, they have been given little attention; a search on geological literature databases will produce thousands of references to carbonatite (up to 4125 on Georef) but not more than thirty references to phoscorite. This book goes some way to redress this balance. Over the last ten years many European and North American scientists have studied Kola rocks in collaboration with Russian colleagues. The idea for this book came from one such project funded by the European organisation, INTAS (Grant No 97-0722). The Kola Peninsula, Russia, is one of the outstanding areas in the World for the concentration and economic importance of alkaline rocks. However, Russian work on the Kola complexes is still relatively Show Less
DS201012-0883
2010
Zaitsev, N.Zaitsev, N., Williams, C.T., Britvin,S.N., Kuznetsova, I.V., Spratt, J., Petrov, S.V., Keller, J.Kerimasite Ca3ZR2(Si)O12, a new garnet from carbonatites of Kerimasi volcano and surrounding explosion craters, northern Tanzania.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 74, pp. 803-820.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite
DS201012-0884
2010
Zaitsev, V.Zaitsev, V.Graphite bearing carbonatite of Dolbykha Massif, Polar Siberia, Russia.International Mineralogical Association meeting August Budapest, AbstractRussiaCarbonatite
DS201012-0885
2010
Zaitsev, V.Zaitsev, V.Sadiman volcano, Crater Highlands, Tanzania: does it really contain melilitites and carbonatites or is it just a phonolite nephellinite volcano?International Mineralogical Association meeting August Budapest, AbstractAfrica, TanzaniaMineralogy
DS2002-1771
2002
Zaitsev, V.A.Zaitsev, V.A., Kogarko, L.N.Composition of minerals in the lamprophyllite Group from alkaline massifs worldwideGeochemistry International, Vol.40,4,pp.313-22.GlobalAlkaline rocks, Lamprophyres
DS201112-1153
2011
Zaitsev, V.A.Zaitsev, V.A.Experiments on titanosilicates ( lamprophyllite group minerals and lomonosvite) melting: phase relations and petrological significance for Lovozero massif.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterRussiaMelting
DS201801-0082
2017
Zaitsev, V.A.Zaitsev, V.A.Preservation model for Kola alkaline province for Paleozoic and Paleoproterozoic alkaline magmatism volume comparing.Carbonatite-alkaline rocks and associated mineral deposits , Dec. 8-11, abstract p. 13.Russia, Kola Peninsulacarbonatites

Abstract: Northern part of the Fennoscandian Shield in Kola Peninsula and Northern Karelia was intruded by alkaline magmatic complexes during the two main episodes. Paleoproterozoic alkaline province consisting from five alkaline massifs and Paleozoic alkaline province, consisting from twenty alkaline-ultramafic rock complexes, together with two giant nepheline syenite complexes are practically overlap. Based on the data about morphology and internal structure of the Paleozoic alkaline and ultramaficcarbonatite intrusions and their average denudation rates, the model of alkaline province destruction was developed. This model allows forecasting, how many intrusions of Kola Paleozoic alkaline province will remain and calculate preservation ratio for any moment of future. The dependence of preservation ratio on the age of province allow to compare the initial numbers of massifs in alkaline provinces and conclude that Paleoproterozoic event of alkaline magmatism in Kola peninsula was even more powerful than Paleozoic one.
DS202001-0041
2019
Zaitsev, V.A.Sorokhtina, N.V., Kogarko, L.N., Zaitsev, V.A., Kononkova, N.N., Asavin, A.M.Sulfide mineralization in the carbonatites and phoscorites of the Guli Massif, Polar Siberia, and their noble metal potential.Geochemistry International, Vol. 57, 11, pp. 1125-1146.Russia, Siberiacarbonatite

Abstract: We report the first combined investigation (neutron activation, X-ray fluorescence, and electron microprobe analysis) of mineral forms of Au and Ag and noble metal distribution in the sulfide-bearing phoscorites and carbonatites of the Guli alkaline ultrabasic massif (Polar Siberia) and magnetite and sulfide separates from these rocks. The highest noble metal contents were observed in the sulfide separates from the carbonatites: up to 2.93 Pt, 61.6 Au, and 3.61 ppm Ag. Pyrrhotite, djerfisherite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite are the most abundant sulfides and the main hosts for Au and Ag. The latest assemblage of chalcopyrite, Ag-rich djerfisherite, lenaite, sternbergite, and native silver shows significant Ag concentrations. The wide occurrence of K sulfides and presence of multiphase inclusions in pyrrhotite consisting of rasvumite, K?Na–Ca carbonate, carbocernaite, strontianite, galena, chalcopyrite, sternbergite, lenaite, and native silver suggest that the sulfides were formed at high activities of K, Na, Sr, LREE, F, Cl, and S. Chlorine shows high complex-forming capacity to Ag and could be an agent of noble metal transport in the carbonatites. Crystallization of the early djerfisherite–pyrrhotite assemblages of the phoscorites and carbonatites began at a temperature not lower than 500°C and continued up to the formation of late Ag-bearing sulfides at temperatures not higher than 150°C. The carbonatite-series rocks could be enriched in Au and Ag during late low-temperature stages and serve as a source for Au placers.
DS202107-1116
2020
Zaitsev, V.A.Myshenkova, M.S., Zaitsev, V.A., Thomson, S., Latyshev, A.V., Zakharov, V.S., Bagdasaryan, T.E., Veselovsky, R.E.Thermal history of the Guli Pluton ( north of the Siberian platform) according to apatite fission-track dating and computer modeling. (carbonatite)Geodynamics & Tectonophysics, Vol. 11, pp. 75-87. pdfRussia, Siberiageothermometry

Abstract: We present the first results of fission-track dating of apatite monofractions from two rock samples taken from the Southern carbonatite massif of the world’s largest alkaline ultrabasic Guli pluton (~250 Ma), located within the Maymecha-Kotuy region of the Siberain Traps. Based on the apatite fission-track data and computer modeling, we propose two alternative model of the Guli pluton's tectonothermal history. The models suggest (1) rapid post-magmatic cooling of the studied rocks in hypabyssal conditions at depth about 1.5 km, or (2) their burial under a 2-3 km thick volcano-sedimentary cover and reheating above 110°C, followed by uplift and exhumation ca. 218 Ma.
DS1986-0889
1986
ZaitsevaZaitseva, GurkinaCause of color of grey and brown, probably due to crystal defects.(Russian)Mineral. Zhurn., (Russian), Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 48-52Russiaref. Fleischer United States Geological Survey (USGS) OF 88-689.Mineralogical refs. 198, Diamond morphology
DS1986-0890
1986
Zaitseva, T.M.Zaitseva, T.M., Gurkina, G.A.Nature of grayish smoky and brownish coloration of diamondcrystals.(Russian)Mineral. Zhurn., (Russian), Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 48-52RussiaDiamond morphology
DS2001-1289
2001
Zaitseva, T.S.Zaitseva, T.S., Goncharov, G.N., Gittsovich, SemenovCrystal chemistry of chromium spinel from Imandra Layered pluton, Kola PeninsulaGeochemistry International, Vol. 39, No. 5, pp. 479-81.Russia, Kola PeninsulaSpinels
DS201012-0886
2010
Zaitssev, A.N.Zaitssev, A.N., Wenzel, T., Markl, G., Spratt, J., Petrov, S.V., Williams, C.T.Sadiman volcano, Crater Highlands, Tanzania: does it really contain melilitites and carbonatites or is it just a phonolite nephelinite volcano?International Mineralogical Association meeting August Budapest, abstract p. 559.Africa, TanzaniaPetrology
DS201701-0039
2015
Zajac, I.S.Zajac, I.S.John Jambor's contributions to the mineralogy of the Strange Lake peralkaline complex, Quebec-Labrador, Canada.The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 53, pp. 885-894.Canada, LabradorRare earths

Abstract: The Strange Lake peralkaline complex is one of the world's largest deposits of yttrium, heavy rare-earth elements, and zirconium. The Precambrian intrusive body of peralkaline granitic rocks in central Labrador is extensively mineralized but mineralogically complex. It is a pleasure to acknowledge John Jambor's important contributions to the understanding of the unusual and varied mineralization. He was first to identify and characterize the potentially economic minerals: gittinsite, widespread at Strange Lake but otherwise an uncommon zirconosilicate, and the unusual acid-soluble zircon, which are the main sources of Strange Lake zirconium. He also identified the previously unknown mineral gerenite-(Y), and provided better characterization of kainosite-(Y) and of the complex gadolinite-datolite species which, collectively, account for most of the yttrium and heavy rare-earths. In all, his identification and characterization of these minerals were invaluable to understanding of the peralkaline complex, particularly the late-stage alteration that affected it and generated its economically important minerals, making them amenable to effective metallurgical processes.
DS200812-0438
2008
Zajacz, Z.Guzmics, T., Zajacz, Z., Kodoenyi, J., Halter, W., Szabo, C.LA ICP MS study of apatite and K feldspar hosted primary carbonatite melt inclusions in clinopyroxenite xenoliths from lamprophyres, Hungary: implicationsGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 72, 7, pp. 1864-1886.Mantle, Europe, HungaryCarbonatite, melts
DS201503-0146
2015
Zajacz, Z.Guzmics, T., Zajacz, Z., Mitchell, R.H., Szabo, C., Walle, M.The role of liquid-liquid immiscibility and crystal fractionation in the genesis of carbonatite magmas: insights from Kerimasi melt inclusions.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 169, 18p.Africa, TanzaniaCarbonatite

Abstract: We have reconstructed the compositional evolution of the silicate and carbonate melt, and various crystalline phases in the subvolcanic reservoir of Kerimasi Volcano in the East African Rift. Trace element concentrations of silicate and carbonate melt inclusions trapped in nepheline, apatite and magnetite from plutonic afrikandite (clinopyroxene-nepheline-perovskite-magnetite-melilite rock) and calciocarbonatite (calcite-apatite-magnetite-perovskite-monticellite-phlogopite rock) show that liquid immiscibility occurred during the generation of carbonatite magmas from a CO2-rich melilite-nephelinite magma formed at relatively high temperatures (1,100 °C). This carbonatite magma is notably more calcic and less alkaline than that occurring at Oldoinyo Lengai. The CaO-rich (32-41 wt%) nature and alkali-"poor" (at least 7-10 wt% Na2O + K2O) nature of these high-temperature (>1,000 °C) carbonate melts result from strong partitioning of Ca (relative to Mg, Fe and Mn) in the immiscible carbonate and the CaO-rich nature (12-17 wt%) of its silicate parent (e.g., melilite-nephelinite). Evolution of the Kerimasi carbonate magma can result in the formation of natrocarbonatite melts with similar composition to those of Oldoinyo Lengai, but with pronounced depletion in REE and HFSE elements. We suggest that this compositional difference results from the different initial parental magmas, e.g., melilite-nephelinite at Kerimasi and a nephelinite at Oldoinyo Lengai. The difference in parental magma composition led to a significant difference in the fractionating mineral phase assemblage and the element partitioning systematics upon silicate-carbonate melt immiscibility. LA-ICP-MS analysis of coeval silicate and carbonate melt inclusions provides an opportunity to infer carbonate melt/silicate melt partition coefficients for a wide range of elements. These data show that Li, Na, Pb, Ca, Sr, Ba, B, all REE (except Sc), U, V, Nb, Ta, P, Mo, W and S are partitioned into the carbonate melt, whereas Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Al, Sc, Ti, Hf and Zr are partitioned into the silicate melt. Potassium and Rb show no preferential partitioning. Kerimasi melt inclusions show that the immiscible calcic carbonate melt is strongly enriched in Sr, Ba, Pb, LREE, P, W, Mo and S relative to other trace elements. Comparison of our data with experimental results indicates that preferential partitioning of oxidized sulfur (as SO4 2?), Ca and P (as PO4 3?) into the carbonate melt may promote the partitioning of Nb, Ta, Pb and all REE, excluding Sc, into this phase. Therefore, it is suggested that P and S enrichment in calcic carbonate magmas promotes the genesis of REE-rich carbonatites by liquid immiscibility. Our study shows that changes in the partition coefficients of elements between minerals and the coexisting melts along the liquid line of descent are rather significant at Kerimasi. This is why, in addition to the REE, Nb, Ta and Zr are also enriched in Kerimasi calciocarbonatites. We consider significant amounts of apatite and perovskite precipitated from melilite-nephelinite-derived carbonate melt as igneous minerals can have high LREE, Nb and Zr contents relative to other carbonatite minerals.
DS201702-0244
2017
Zajacz, Z.Tsay, A., Zajacz, Z., Ulmer, P., Sanchez-Valle, C.Mobility of major and trace elements in the eclogite-fluid system and element fluxes upon slab dehydration.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 198, pp. 70-91.MantleSubduction

Abstract: The equilibrium between aqueous fluids and allanite-bearing eclogite has been investigated to constrain the effect of temperature (T) and fluid composition on the stability of allanite and on the mobility of major and trace elements during the dehydration of eclogites. The experiments were performed at 590-800 °C and 2.4-2.6 GPa, and fluids were sampled as synthetic fluid inclusions in quartz using an improved entrapment technique. The concentrations and bulk partition coefficients were determined for a range of major (Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Al, Ti) and 16 trace elements as a function of T and fluid composition. The results reveal a significant effect of T on element partitioning between the fluids and the solid mineral assemblage. The partition coefficients increase by more than an order of magnitude for most of the major and trace elements, and several orders of magnitude for light rare-earth elements (LREE) from 590 to 800 °C. The addition of various ligand species into the fluid at 700 °C results in distinctive trends on element partitioning. The concentrations and corresponding partition coefficients of most of the elements are enhanced upon addition of NaF to the fluid. In contrast, NaCl displays a nearly opposite effect by suppressing the solubilities of major elements and consequently affecting the mobility of trace elements that form stable complexes with alkali-(alumino)-silicate clusters in the fluid, e.g. high field strength elements (HFSE). The results further suggest that fluids in equilibrium with orthopyroxene and/or diopsidic clinopyroxene are peralkaline (ASI ?0.1-0.7), whereas fluids in equilibrium with omphacitic pyroxene are more peraluminous (ASI ?1.15). Therefore, natural aqueous fluids in equilibrium with eclogite at about 90 km depth will be slightly peraluminous in composition. Another important finding of this study is the relatively high capacity of aqueous fluids to mobilize LREE, which may be even higher than that of hydrous melts.
DS1982-0616
1982
Zajeev, A.M.Vavilov, V.S., Gippius, A.A., Dravin, V.A., Zajeev, A.M., Zakup.Cathodluminescence of Natural Diamond Associated with Implanted Impurities.Soviet Physics of Semi-conductors, Vol. 16, No. 11, PP. 1288-1290.RussiaBlank
DS1993-1626
1993
Zak, K.Ulrych, J., Pivec, E., Zak, K., Bendl, J., Bosak, P.Alkaline and ultramafic carbonate lamprophyres in Central Bohemian carboniferous basins, Czech republic.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 65-83.GlobalAlkaline rocks, Lamprophyres
DS1995-1443
1995
Zak, K.Pasava, J., Kribek, B., Zak, K.Mineral deposits: from their origin to their environmental impactsProceedings Third Biennial SGA Meeting, Balkema Publ, 1100p. approx. 250.00GlobalGranitoid related deposits, Gold, Metamorphism and mineralizations, Industrial minerals, Metallogeny evolution of orogenic belts, Sedex -
DS1991-1918
1991
Zakarchenko, O.D.Zakarchenko, O.D., Kharkiv, A.D., Botova, M.M., Makhin, A.I.Inclusions of deep seated minerals in diamonds from kimberlite rocks From the northern Russian Platform*(in Russian)Mineral. Zhurn., (Russian), Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 42-52RussiaPetrology, Diamond inclusions
DS1998-0513
1998
ZakariaGiorgobiani, T.V., Basheleishvili, ZakariaThe northward drift of the Gondwanian lithospheric plates and geodynamics of formation of Caucasian OrogenJournal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 27, 1A, p. 88. AbstractGondwana, Europe, RussiaTectonics, Geodynamics
DS1993-0830
1993
Zakarov, A.A.Kljunin, S.F., Zakarov, A.A.Clastogene pyrope and diamonds of northern Karelia.(Russian)Russian Mineralogical Society Proceedings, No. 6, pp. 43-47.Russia, KareliaMineralogy, Diamonds, pyrope, garnets
DS1994-0563
1994
Zakharch, O.D.Galimov, E.M., Zakharch, O.D., Maltsev, K.A., Makhin, A.I.The isotopic composition of carbon in diamonds from the kimberlitic pipe sat Archangelsk.(Russian)Geochemistry International (Geokhimiya), (Russian), No. 1, pp. 67-74.Russia, Yakutia, ArkangelskGeochronology, Diamond inclusions -carbon
DS1995-1794
1995
ZakharchenkoSobolev, N.V., Yefimova, E., Reimers, Zakharchenko, MakhinArkhangelsk diamond inclusionsProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 558-560.Russia, ArkangelskDiamond inclusions, Deposit -Lomonosov, Pionerskaya, Karpinski, Pomorskaya
DS1997-1074
1997
ZakharchenkoSobolev, N.V., Yefimova, Reimers, Zakharchenko, MakhinMineral inclusions in diamonds of the Arkangelsk kimberlite provinceRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 379-393.RussiaDiamond inclusions, Deposit - Zolotitsky, Lomonosov, Karpinsky, Pionerskaya
DS2000-0465
2000
ZakharchenkoKaminsky, F.V., Zakharchenko, Griffin, Channer BlinovaDiamond from the Guaniamo area, VenezuelaCanadian Mineralogist, Vol. 38, no, 6, Dec. pp. 1347-70.VenezuelaDiamond morphology, Mineral inclusions
DS201910-2302
2019
Zakharchenko, E.S.Spivak, A.V., Litvin, Yu.A., Zakharchenko, E.S., Simonova, D.A., Dubrovinsky, L.S.Evolution of diamond forming systems of the mantle transition zone: ringwoodite peritectic reaction ( Mg, Fe)2SiO4 ( experiment at 20GPa)Geochemistry International, Vol. 57, 9, pp. 1000-1007.Mantlediamond genesis

Abstract: The peritectic reaction of ringwoodite (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and silicate-carbonate melt with formation of magnesiowustite (Fe,Mg)O, stishovite SiO2, and Mg, Na, Ca, K-carbonates is revealed by experimental study at 20 GPa of phase relations in the multicomponent diamond-forming MgO-FeO-SiO2-Na2CO3-CaCO3-K2CO3 system of the Earth mantle transition zone. An interaction of CaCO3 and SiO2 with a formation of Ca-perovskite CaSiO3 is also detected. It is shown that the peritectic reaction of ringwoodite and melt with the formation of stishovite controls physicochemically the fractional ultrabasic-basic evolution of both magmatic and diamond-forming systems of deep horizons of the transition zone up to its boundary with the Earth lower mantle.
DS1994-0564
1994
Zakharchenko, K.A.Galimov, E.M., Zakharchenko, K.A., et al.Carbon isotope composition of diamonds from Arkangel region kimberlitepipes.Geochemistry International, Vol. 31, No. 8, pp. 71-78.Russia, ArkangelskDiamond geochronology, Deposit -Arkangel
DS1989-0127
1989
Zakharchenko, O.D.Blinova, G.K., Verzhak, V.V., Zakharchenko, O.D., Medvedeva, M.S.Impurity centers in diamonds from two kimberlite pipes in the Arkhangel diamond provinceSoviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 30, No. 8, pp. 122-125RussiaDiamond inclusions, Arkhangel
DS1989-0393
1989
Zakharchenko, O.D.Efimova, E.S., Zakharchenko, O.D., Sobolev, N.V., Makhin, A.I.Inclusions in diamonds from a kimberlite pipe.(Russian)Zap. Vses. Mineral. O-Va, (Russian), Vol. 118, No. 2, pp. 74-76RussiaDiamond morphology, Diamond inclusions
DS1989-0753
1989
Zakharchenko, O.D.Kavasnitsa, V.N., Zakharchenko, O.D., Vladimirova, M.V., Taran, M.N.The features of skeletal cubes of natural diamond.(Russian)Mineralogischeskiy Sbornik, (L'vov), (Russian), Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 86-90Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology, Mineralogy
DS1990-0897
1990
Zakharchenko, O.D.Kvasnitsa, V. N., Zakharchenko, O.D.Simple crystal forms of diamond from the kimberlites of one of the regions in the USSR.(Russian)Mineral. Zhurnal, (Russian), Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 83-86RussiaDiamond crystallography, Diamond morphology
DS1994-1976
1994
Zakharchenko, O.D.Zakharchenko, O.D.Internal structure of diamonds from the Arkhangelsk Province.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Nauk SSR, (Russian), Vol. 338, No. 1, Sept. pp. 69-73.Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology
DS1994-1977
1994
Zakharchenko, O.D.Zakharchenko, O.D., Kaminsky, F.V., Milledge, H.J.Internal structure of diamonds from the Arkangelsk province.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Nauk, (Russian), Vol. 338, No. 1, Sept. pp. 69-73.Russia, ArkangelskDiamond morphology
DS1996-1585
1996
Zakharchenko, O.D.Zakharchenko, O.D., Kaminsky, F.V., Milledge, H.J.Internal structure of Arkangel province diamondsDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 341A, No. 3, April, pp. 62-68.Russia, ArkangelskDiamond morphology, Diamond genesis
DS1998-0717
1998
Zakharchenko, O.D.Kaminsky, F.V., Zakharchenko, O.D., Channer, D.M., et al.Diamonds from the Guaniamo area, Venezuela7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 395-7.VenezuelaDiamond morphology, placers, alluvials, Deposit - Guaniamo
DS2001-0567
2001
Zakharchenko, O.D.Kaminsky, F.V., Zakharchenko, O.D., Davies, R., GriffinSuperdeep diamonds from the Juin a area, Mato Grosso State, BrasilContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 140, pp. 734-53.GlobalDiamond - morphology, alluvial, ultra high pressure (UHP), Mineral chemistry
DS200412-2000
2004
Zakharchenko, O.D.Titkov, S.V., Gorshkov, A.I., Magazina, L.O., Sivtsov, A.V., Zakharchenko, O.D.Shapeless dark diamonds ( Yakutites) from placers of the Siberian platform and criteria of their impact origin.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 46, 3, pp. 191-201.Russia, SiberiaDiamond morphology
DS200612-0662
2006
Zakharchenko, O.D.Kaminsky, F.V., Zakharchenko, O.D., Khachatryan, G.K., Griffin, W.L., Der, D.M.Diamond from the Los Coquitos area, Bolivar State, Venezuela.Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 44, 2, April pp. 323-340.South America, VenezuelaDiamond mineralogy
DS200612-1286
2005
Zakharchenko, O.D.Shiryaev, A.A., Izraeli, E.S., Hauri, E.H., Zakharchenko, O.D., Navon, O.Chemical optical and isotopic investigation of fibrous diamonds from Brazil.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 46, 12, pp. 1185-1201.South America, BrazilDiamond morphology
DS200912-0358
2009
Zakharchenko, O.D.Kaminsky, F.V., Sablukov, S.M., Sablukova, L.I., Zakharchenko, O.D.The Fazenda Largo off-craton kimberlites of Piaui State Brazil.Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 28, 3, pp. 288-303.South America, Brazil, PiauiDeposit - Fazenda
DS1995-2116
1995
Zakharchnko, O.Zakharchnko, O., Botova, M., Khachatryan, G.Diamonds from Lomonosov mine of Arkangelsk regionProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 680.Russia, ArkangelskDiamond morphology, Deposit -Lomonosov
DS201808-1724
2018
Zakharov, D.Avice, G., Marty, B., Burgess, R., Hofmann, A., Philippot, P., Zahnle, K., Zakharov, D.Evolution of atmospheric xenon and other noble gases inferred from Archean to Paleoproterozoic rocks.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 232, pp. 82-100.Mantlegeochemistry

Abstract: We have analyzed ancient atmospheric gases trapped in fluid inclusions contained in minerals of Archean (3.3?Ga) to Paleozoic (404?Ma) rocks in an attempt to document the evolution of the elemental composition and isotopic signature of the atmosphere with time. Doing so, we aimed at understanding how physical and chemical processes acted over geological time to shape the modern atmosphere. Modern atmospheric xenon is enriched in heavy isotopes by 30-40‰ u?1 relative to Solar or Chondritic xenon. Previous studies demonstrated that, 3.3?Ga ago, atmospheric xenon was isotopically fractionated (enriched in the light isotopes) relative to the modern atmosphere, by 12.9?±?1.2 (1?) ‰ u?1, whereas krypton was isotopically identical to modern atmospheric Kr. Details about the specific and progressive isotopic fractionation of Xe during the Archean, originally proposed by Pujol et al. (2011), are now well established by this work. Xe isotope fractionation has evolved from 21‰ u?1 at 3.5?Ga to 12.9‰ u?1 at 3.3?Ga. The current dataset provides some evidence for stabilization of the Xe fractionation between 3.3 and 2.7?Ga. However, further studies will be needed to confirm this observation. After 2.7?Ga, the composition kept evolving and reach the modern-like atmospheric Xe composition at around 2.1?Ga ago. Xenon may be the second atmospheric element, after sulfur, to show a secular isotope evolution during the Archean that ended shortly after the Archean-Proterozoic transition. Fractionation of xenon indicates that xenon escaped from Earth, probably as an ion, and that Xe escape stopped when the atmosphere became oxygen-rich. We speculate that the Xe escape was enabled by a vigorous hydrogen escape on the early anoxic Earth. Organic hazes, scavenging isotopically heavy Xe, could also have played a role in the evolution of atmospheric Xe. For 3.3?Ga-old samples, Ar-N2 correlations are consistent with a partial pressure of nitrogen (pN2) in the Archean atmosphere similar to, or lower than, the modern one, thus requiring other processes than a high pN2 to keep the Earth's surface warm despite a fainter Sun. The nitrogen isotope composition of the atmosphere at 3.3?Ga was already modern-like, attesting to inefficient nitrogen escape to space since that time.
DS1986-0187
1986
Zakharov, E.P.Dobryanskii, L.A., Kurilov, M.V., Boreiko, L.G., Zakharov, E.P.Characteristics of the distribution of trace elements in Rocks of the diamond bearing suite of the Chistyakovo Snezhnaya trough of the DonetsBasin.(Russian)Dopov. Akad. Nauk UKR. RSR Ser. B., Geokl. Khim. Biol., (Russian), No. 3, pp. 5-8RussiaBlank
DS201412-1020
2014
Zakharov, E.V.Zakharov, E.V., Kurilko, A.S.Local minimum of energy consumption in hard rock failure in negative temperature range.Journal of Mining Science, Vol. 50, 2, pp. 284-287.RussiaDeposit - Udachnaya, Internationalskaya
DS1991-1919
1991
Zakharov, M.N.Zakharov, M.N., Bobrov, Yu.D.First find of potassic basalt in volcanic rocks in the Magadan region Of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic beltDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 308, No. 5, pp. 216-219RussiaPotassic basalt, Alkaline rocks
DS1994-0933
1994
Zakharov, M.V.Kogarko, L.N., Rudchenko, N.A., Zakharov, M.V.Geochemistry of alkali magmatism along the Clarion FractureGeochemistry International, Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 12-36.Russia, Kola PeninsulaGeodynamics, Tectonics
DS1996-1586
1996
Zakharov, V.S.Zakharov, V.S., Selivanov, V.A.Identification of zones of tectonic and geomorphic activation in SouthAmericaDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 345A, No. 9, Oct. pp. 232-237South AmericaTectonics
DS2001-1290
2001
Zakharov, V.S.Zakharov, V.S.A model for the deformation of rheologically layered crust during continental collisionMoscow University Geology Bulletin, Vol. 55, No. 6, pp. 9-16.RussiaTectonics
DS201901-0055
2018
Zakharov, V.S.Perchuk, A.L., Safonov, O.G., Smit, C.A., van Reenen, D.D., Zakharov, V.S., Gerya, T.V.Precambrian ultra-hot orogenic factory: making and reworking of continental crust.Tectonophysics, Vol. 746, pp. 572-586.Mantlesubduction

Abstract: Mechanisms of Precambrian orogeny and their contribution to the origin of ultrahigh temperature granulites, granite-greenstone terranes and net crustal growth remain debatable. Here, we use 2D numerical models with 150 °C higher mantle temperatures compared to present day conditions to investigate physical and petrological controls of Precambrian orogeny during forced continental plates convergence. Numerical experiments show that convergence between two relatively thin blocks of continental lithosphere with fertile mantle creates a short-lived cold collisional belt that later becomes absorbed by a long-lived thick and flat ultra-hot accretionary orogen with Moho temperatures of 700-1100 °C. The orogen underlain by hot partially molten depleted asthenospheric mantle spreads with plate tectonic rates towards the incoming lithospheric block. The accretionary orogeny is driven by delamination of incoming lithospheric mantle with attached mafic lower crust and invasion of the hot partially molten asthenospheric wedge under the accreted crust. A very fast convective cell forms atop the subducting slab, in which hot asthenospheric mantle rises against the motion of the slab and transports heat towards the moving orogenic front. Juvenile crustal growth during the orogeny is accompanied by net crustal loss due to the lower crust subduction. Stability of an ultra-hot orogeny is critically dependent on the presence of relatively thin and warm continental lithosphere with thin crust and dense fertile mantle roots subjected to plate convergence. Increased thickness of the continental crust and subcontinental lithospheric mantle, pronounced buoyancy of the lithospheric roots, and decreased mantle and continental Moho temperature favor colder and more collision-like orogenic styles with thick crust, reduced magmatic activity, lowered metamorphic temperatures, and decreased degree of crustal modification. Our numerical modeling results thus indicate that different types of orogens (cold, mixed-hot and ultra-hot) could be created at the same time in the Early Earth, depending on compositional and thermal structures of interacting continental blocks.
DS201906-1333
2019
Zakharov, V.S.Perchuk, A.L., Zakharov, V.S., Gerya, T.V., Brown, M.Hotter mantle but colder subduction in the Precambrian: what are the implications?Precambrian Research, Vol. 330, pp. 20-34.Mantlesubduction

Abstract: On contemporary Earth, subduction recycles mafic oceanic crust and associated volatile elements, creating new silicic continental crust in volcanic arcs. However, if the mantle was hotter in the Precambrian, the style of subduction, the depth of devolatilization and the formation of silicic continental crust may have been different. Consequently, the generation of the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) suite, which is characteristic of Archean crust, may not have been related to subduction. Here, we use a two-dimensional numerical magmatic-thermomechanical model to investigate intraoceanic subduction for contemporary mantle conditions and at higher mantle temperatures, as appropriate to the Precambrian. In each case, we characterize the thermal structure of the subducting plate and investigate magma compositions and production rates. We use these results to assess the potential growth of silicic continental crust associated with intraoceanic subduction at different mantle temperatures. For the Precambrian, in a set of experiments with ?T?=?150?K and decreasing subducting plate velocity, we find that the contemporary style of subduction was preceded by an arc-free regime dominated by rapid trench rollback and vigorous upwelling of asthenospheric mantle into the space created above the retreating slab. In this regime, formation of magmas by fluid-fluxed melting of the mantle is suppressed. Instead, decompression melting of upwelling asthenospheric mantle results in the widespread development of voluminous plateau-like basaltic magmas. In addition, retreating subduction at higher mantle temperature causes faster descent of the downgoing slab, leads to colder thermal gradients, similar to those associated with active subduction in the western Pacific today, and suppresses melting of the basaltic crust, limiting production of silicic (adakite-like) magmas. With increasing maturity of the subduction system, retreat of the subducting plate ceases, the role of decompression melting strongly decreases and fluid-fluxed melting of the mantle coupled with melting of the hydrated slab begins to produce basaltic and felsic arc volcanic rocks similar to those formed during contemporary subduction. In an additional series of individual experiments at various ?T, an increase of the mantle temperature above ?T?=?150?K leads to episodic and short-lived subduction accompanied by limited production of silicic continental crust. The results of our experimental study demonstrate that a hotter mantle in the Precambrian changes dramatically both the slab dynamics and the processes of magma generation and crustal growth associated with intraoceanic subduction zones. These changes may preclude growth of the early Precambrian silicic continental crust by processes that were dominantly similar to those associated with contemporary subduction.
DS202107-1116
2020
Zakharov, V.S.Myshenkova, M.S., Zaitsev, V.A., Thomson, S., Latyshev, A.V., Zakharov, V.S., Bagdasaryan, T.E., Veselovsky, R.E.Thermal history of the Guli Pluton ( north of the Siberian platform) according to apatite fission-track dating and computer modeling. (carbonatite)Geodynamics & Tectonophysics, Vol. 11, pp. 75-87. pdfRussia, Siberiageothermometry

Abstract: We present the first results of fission-track dating of apatite monofractions from two rock samples taken from the Southern carbonatite massif of the world’s largest alkaline ultrabasic Guli pluton (~250 Ma), located within the Maymecha-Kotuy region of the Siberain Traps. Based on the apatite fission-track data and computer modeling, we propose two alternative model of the Guli pluton's tectonothermal history. The models suggest (1) rapid post-magmatic cooling of the studied rocks in hypabyssal conditions at depth about 1.5 km, or (2) their burial under a 2-3 km thick volcano-sedimentary cover and reheating above 110°C, followed by uplift and exhumation ca. 218 Ma.
DS202202-0227
2022
Zakharov, V.S.Zakharov, V.S., Lubina, N.V., Stepanova, A.V., Gerya, T.V.Simultaneous intruding of mafic and felsic magmas into the extending continental crust caused by mantle plume underplating: 2D magmatic-thermomechanical modeling and implications for the Paleoproterozoic Karelian cratonTectonophysics, Vol. 822, 229173, 13p. PdfEuropemagmatism

Abstract: Available data suggest that the breakup of the Neoarchean Kenorland supercontinent at 2.5-2.4 Ga was likely triggered by a large mantle plume upwelling that caused significant magmatism. Here, we present 2D high-resolution magmatic-thermomechanical numerical models of extension of the continental crust underplated by a hot mantle plume material. Using this model, it is demonstrated that mantle plume underplating generates a large amount of mafic melt by decompression melting. This melt penetrates into the extending continental crust along normal faults thereby forming multiple generations of mafic dyke-like intrusions along normal faults. In case of extension velocity of 0.2-1 cm/yr, lower crustal heating and hot mafic melt emplacement may cause partial melting of the continental crust that can generate significant volume of felsic melts. This in turn triggers emplacement of felsic intrusions that temporarily and spatially associate with the mafic dyke-like intrusions. The modeling results agree well with geological data from the Karelian Craton and provide possible explanation for the observed association of Paleoproterozoic mafic dykes and felsic intrusions which formed in a relatively short time interval (up to 20 Myrs) in the early stages of the supercontinent breakup.
DS1983-0646
1983
Zakharova, E.M.Zakharova, E.M.New Developments in the Mineral Concentrate MethodMoscow University Geol. Bulletin., Vol. 38, No. 4, PP. 51-56.RussiaSampling, Non-kimberlitic
DS1997-0615
1997
Zakharova, O.N.Konstantinovskii, A.A., Zakharova, O.N.Platformal diamond paleoplacers and their formation conditions: evidence from the Botuoba Saddle, SiberiaLithology and Mineral resources, Vol. 32, No. 4, July-Aug. pp. 330-335.Russia, SiberiaPlatform, Alluvials
DS1993-1625
1993
Zakharova, T.L.Tychkov, S.A., Zakharova, T.L., Kulakov, I.Yu.Dynamics of the mantle in subduction zonesRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 34, No. 8, pp. 1-8.MantleGeodynamics
DS201706-1084
2017
Zakhvataev, V.E.Khlebopros, R.G., Zakhvataev, V.E., Gabuda, S.P., Kozlova, S.G., Slepkov, V.A.Possible mantle phase transitions by the formation of Si02 peroxides: implications for mantle convection.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 473, 2, pp. 416-418.Mantleconvection

Abstract: On the basis of quantum-chemical calculations of the linear to isomeric bent transition of the SiO2 molecule, it is suggested that the bent to linear transition of SiO2 forms can occur in melted mantle minerals of the lower mantle. This may be important for the formation of the peculiarities of mantle convection and origination of plumes.
DS200612-1381
2006
Zakosarenko, V.Stoltz, R., Chweala, A., Zakosarenko, V., Schulz, M., Fritzsch, L., Meyer, H-G.SQUID technology for geophysical exploration. ( not specific to diamonds)Society of Exploration Geophysics, abstract 5p.GlobalGeophysics - magnetic airborne gradiometer
DS1989-1674
1989
Zakreski, D.Zakreski, D.Rumors of glory..are there diamonds in the North Saskatchewan River? That depends on who you talk toCanadian Business, April pp. 83-86, 88SaskatchewanOverview of prospecting activities
DS1982-0616
1982
Zakup.Vavilov, V.S., Gippius, A.A., Dravin, V.A., Zajeev, A.M., Zakup.Cathodluminescence of Natural Diamond Associated with Implanted Impurities.Soviet Physics of Semi-conductors, Vol. 16, No. 11, PP. 1288-1290.RussiaBlank
DS1995-0115
1995
Zakuzennyi, V.I.Baryshev, A.S., Zakuzennyi, V.I., Urumov, J.D.Technique of a prognosis and prospecting of diamond S host rocks on The south of Siberian PlatformProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Extended Abstracts, p. 38-39.Russia, YakutiaPGM - Physico-geological model
DS201809-2100
2018
Zal, H.Tepp, G., Ebinger, C.J., Zal, H., Gallacher, R., Accardo, N., Shillington, D.J., Gaherty, J., Keir, D., Nyblade, A.A., Mbogoni, G.J., Chindandali, P.R.N., Ferdinand-Wambura, R., Mulibo, G.D., Kamihanda, G.Seismic anistrotropy of the Upper mantle below the western rfit, East Africa.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 123, 7, pp. 5644-5660.Africa, east Africageophysics - seismic

Abstract: Although the East African rift system formed in cratonic lithosphere above a large?scale mantle upwelling, some sectors have voluminous magmatism, while others have isolated, small?volume eruptive centers. We conduct teleseismic shear wave splitting analyses on data from 5 lake?bottom seismometers and 67 land stations in the Tanganyika?Rukwa?Malawi rift zone, including the Rungwe Volcanic Province (RVP), and from 5 seismometers in the Kivu rift and Virunga Volcanic Province, to evaluate rift?perpendicular strain, rift?parallel melt intrusion, and regional flow models for seismic anisotropy patterns beneath the largely amagmatic Western rift. Observations from 684 SKS and 305 SKKS phases reveal consistent patterns. Within the Malawi rift south of the RVP, fast splitting directions are oriented northeast with average delays of ~1 s. Directions rotate to N?S and NNW north of the volcanic province within the reactivated Mesozoic Rukwa and southern Tanganyika rifts. Delay times are largest (~1.25 s) within the Virunga Volcanic Province. Our work combined with earlier studies shows that SKS?splitting is rift parallel within Western rift magmatic provinces, with a larger percentage of null measurements than in amagmatic areas. The spatial variations in direction and amount of splitting from our results and those of earlier Western rift studies suggest that mantle flow is deflected by the deeply rooted cratons. The resulting flow complexity, and likely stagnation beneath the Rungwe province, may explain the ca. 17 Myr of localized magmatism in the weakly stretched RVP, and it argues against interpretations of a uniform anisotropic layer caused by large?scale asthenospheric flow or passive rifting.
DS1988-0140
1988
Zalan, P.V.Conceicao, J.C.J., Zalan, P.V., Wolff, S.The South Atlantic rifting. (in Portugese)Revista Brasileira de Geociencias, (in Portugese)., Vol. 18, No. 3, September p. 314. (abstract.)Brazil, Southern AfricaTectonics
DS2000-0210
2000
ZaleskiDavis, W.J., Hanmer, Aspler, Sandeman, Tella, ZaleskiRegional differences in the Neoarchean crustal evolution of the Western Churchill Province: sense??Geological Association of Canada (GAC)/Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) 2000 Conference, 4p. abstract.Manitoba, Western CanadaGeochronology - Hearne domain
DS1990-0823
1990
Zaleski, E.Kerr, A., Zaleski, E., Weber, W.Report on field meeting on the Archean Proterozoic transition in ZimbabweGeoscience Canada, Vol. 17, No. 1, March pp. 33-37ZimbabwePlatinuM., Archean Proterozoic
DS1997-1289
1997
Zaleski, E.Zaleski, E., Eaton, D.W., Milkereit, B., Roberts, N..Seismic reflections from subvertical diabase dikes in an Archean terraneGeology, Vol. 25, No. 8, August pp. 707-710OntarioSuperior Province, Manitouwadge greenstone belt, Geophysics - seismics
DS1988-0781
1988
Zalinshchak, B.L.Zimin, S.S., Zalinshchak, B.L.New model of the formation of carbonatite and associated oresDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 289, No. 1-6, January pp. 140-143RussiaBlank
DS1985-0647
1985
Zalishchak, B.L.Strizhkova, A.A., Vasilenko, G.P., Zalishchak, B.L.Discovery of Picrite Basalts in the Verkhne Ussuri Ore Region. (russian)Magmat. Rudn. Raionov Dalnego Vostoka, (Russian), pp. 168-170RussiaBlank
DS1995-2117
1995
Zalishchak, B.L.Zalishchak, B.L., Solyanik, V.A.The far eastern provinces of kimberlites, lamproites, nephelinites.alkaline basaltoids, Hyperbasites ...Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 681.Russia, Primoye, Khabarovsk, Amur, Sakhalin IslandLamproites, Khanka, Sikhote- Alin, Anjui
DS200812-0646
2008
Zalisjchak, B.L.Lennikov, A.M., Zalisjchak, B.L., Oktyabrsky, R.A., Ivanov, V.V.Variations of chemical composition in platinum group minerals and gold of the Konder alkali ultrabasic massif, Aldan Shield, Russia.Deep Seated Magmatism, its sources and plumes, Ed. Vladykin, N.V., 2008 pp. 181-208.RussiaKonder alkaline massif
DS200712-1195
2007
Zalkind, O.A.Yakovenchuk, V.N., Pakhomovsky,Y.A., Menshikov, Y.P., Mikhailova, J.A., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Zalkind, O.A.Krivovichevite a new mineral species from the Lovozero alkaline massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 45, 3, pp. 451-456.Russia, Kola PeninsulaAlkaline rocks, mineralogy
DS200712-1196
2007
Zalkind, O.A.Yakovenchuk, V.N., Pakhomovsky,Y.A., Menshikov, Y.P., Mikhailova, J.A., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Zalkind, O.A.Krivovichevite a new mineral species from the Lovozero alkaline massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 45, 3, pp. 451-456.Russia, Kola PeninsulaAlkaline rocks, mineralogy
DS1985-0760
1985
Zamarayev, S.M.Zamarayev, S.M.Geology and Mineral Resources of Eastern Siberia.(russian)Izd. Nauka Sib. Otd.Novosibirsk, (Russian), 200pRussiaBlank
DS1982-0224
1982
Zamareyev, S.M.Grabkin, O.V., Zamareyev, S.M., Melnikov, A.I.The Correlation of Endogene Processes of the Siberian Platform and its Framework.Izd. Nauka Sib. Otd. Novosibirsk, Sssr., 129P.Russia, SiberiaKimberlite, Zoning, Diamonds, Genesis
DS1989-1675
1989
Zambezi, P.Zambezi, P.Rare earth elements occurrence at the Nkombwa Hill carbonatiteZimco, MINEX seminar on Carbonatites and other igneous phosphate bearing, Held Feb. 1, 1989, 1pZambiaCarbonatite
DS1989-1676
1989
Zambezi, P.Zambezi, P.An occurrence of rare earth elements at Nkombwa Hillcarbonatite, ZambiaZambian Journal of Applied Earth Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 1, August pp. 36-38ZambiaCarbonatite -rare earths, Nkombwa Hill
DS1997-1290
1997
Zambezi, P.Zambezi, P., Voncken, J.H.L., Touret, J.L.R.Bastnasite (Ce) at the Nkomba Hill carbonatite complex, Isoka District, northeast Zambia.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 59, No. 3/4, pp. 239-250.ZambiaCarbonatite
DS200412-1328
2004
Zamozhnyana, N.G.Mints, M.V., Berzin, R.G., Suleimanov,A.K., Zamozhnyana, N.G., Stupak, Konilov, Zlobin, KaulinaThe deep structure of Early Precambrian Crust of the Karelian Craton, southeastern Fennoscandian shield: results of investigatioGeotectonics, Vol. 38, 2, pp. 87-102.Europe, Fennoscandia, Kola PeninsulaGeophysics - seismics
DS200512-0728
2004
Zamozhnyaya, N.G.Mints, M.V., Berzin, R.G., Andryushchenko, Y.N., Zamozhnyaya, N.G., Zlobin, Konilov, Stupak, SuleimanovThe deep structure of the Karelian Craton along Geotraverse 1-EB.Geotectonics, Vol. 38, 5, pp. 329-342.RussiaGeophysics - seismics
DS2002-1057
2002
Zamozhnyaya, R.G.Mints, M.V., Berzin, R.G., Zamozhnyaya, R.G., Zlobin, V.L., Kaulina, T.V.Paleoproterozoic collision structures in the deep crustal section of the Karelian Craton:Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 385, 6, pp. 635-40.RussiaGeodynamics, tectonics, Craton - Karelia
DS202008-1438
2019
Zamyatin, D.A.Rezvukhina, O.V., Korsakov, A.V., Rezvukin, D.I., Zamyatin, D.A., Zelenovskiy, P.S., Greshnyakov, E.D., Shur, V.Y.A combined Raman spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence, and electron backscatter diffraction study of kyanite porphyroblasts from diamondiferous and diamond-free metamorphic rocks ( Kokchetav Massif).Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 13p. PdfRussialuminescence

Abstract: A series of precise nondestructive analytical methods (Raman spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence, and EBSD—electron backscatter diffraction) has been employed to investigate the internal textures of kyanite porphyroblasts from diamondiferous and diamond?free ultrahigh?pressure metamorphic rocks (Kokchetav massif, Northern Kazakhstan). Such internal kyanite characteristics as twinning, radial fibrous pattern, and spotty zoning were identified by means of Raman and cathodoluminescence imaging, whereas an intergrowth of two kyanite crystals was distinguished only by Raman imaging. The EBSD analysis recorded an ~10-25° changing of orientations along the elongation in the investigated kyanite porphyroblasts. The absence of a radial fibrous pattern and a spotty zoning on the EBSD maps indicates that these textures are not related to variations in crystallographic orientation. The absence of clear zoning patterns (cores, mantles, and rims) on the Raman, cathodoluminescence, or EBSD maps of the kyanite porphyroblasts indicates the rapid single?stage formation of these porphyroblasts near the peak metamorphic conditions and the lack of recrystallization processes. The obtained results provide important implications for deciphering of mineral internal textures, showing that the data obtained by cathodoluminescence mapping can be clearly reproduced by Raman imaging, with the latter method occasionally being even more informative. This observation is of significant importance for the study of minerals that are unexposed on a thin section surface or Fe? and Ni?rich minerals that do not show luminescence emission. The combination of the Raman spectroscopic, cathodoluminescence, and EBSD techniques may provide better spatial resolution for distinguishing different domains and textural peculiarities of mineral than the selective application of individual approaches.
DS202101-0031
2020
Zamyatin, D.A.Rezvukhina, O.V., Korsakov, A.V., Rezvukin, D.I., Mikhailenko, D.S., Zamyatin, D.A., Greshnyakov, E.D., Shur, V.Y.Zircon from diamondiferous kyanite gneisses of the Kokchetav massif: revealing growth stages using an integrated cathodluminescence- Raman spectroscopy- electron microprobe approach.Mineralogical Magazine, in press 28p. https://doi.org /10.1180/mgm.2020.95RussiaKokchetav
DS201604-0590
2015
Zamyatin, N.I.Alexakhin, V.Yu., Bystritsky, V.M., Zamyatin, N.I., Zubarev, E.V., Krasnoperov, A.V., Rapatsky, V.L., Rogov, Yu.N., Sadovsky, A.B., Salamatin, A.V., Salmin, R.A., Sapozhnikov, M.G., Slepnev, V.M., Khabarov, S.V., Razinkov,E.A., Tarasov, O.G., Nikitin,G.M.Detection of diamonds in kimberlite by the tagged neutron method.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A., A785, pp. 9-13.TechnologyMethodology

Abstract: A new technology for diamond detection in kimberlite based on the tagged neutron method is proposed. The results of experimental researches on irradiation of kimberlite samples with 14.1-MeV tagged neutrons are discussed. The source of the tagged neutron flux is a portable neutron generator with a built-in 64-pixel silicon alpha-detector with double-sided stripped readout. Characteristic gamma rays resulting from inelastic neutron scattering on nuclei of elements included in the composition of kimberlite are registered by six gamma-detectors based on BGO crystals. The criterion for diamond presence in kimberlite is an increased carbon concentration within a certain volume of the kimberlite sample.
DS201812-2856
2019
Zanatta, M.Nazzarini, S., Nestola, F., Zanon, V., Bindi, L., Scricciolo, E., Petrelli, M., Zanatta, M., Mariotto, G., Giuli, G.Discovery of moissanite in a peralkaline syenite from the Azores Islands.Lithos, Vol. 324-325, pp. 68-73.Europe, Portugal, Azoresmoissanite

Abstract: Our discovery of moissanite grains in a peralkaline syenite from the Água de Pau Volcano (São Miguel, Azores Islands, Portugal) represents the first report of this mineral in present day oceanic geodynamic settings. Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction show the presence of both the 6H and 4H polytypes with the predominance of the first one. The distribution of trace elements is homogeneous, except for Al and V. Azorean moissanite often hosts rounded inclusions of metallic Si and other not yet identified metallic alloys. A process involving a flushing of CH4-H2 ultra-reducing fluids in the alkaline melts might be considered as a possible mechanism leading to the formation of natural SiC, thus calling for strongly reducing conditions that were locally met in the crust-mantle beneath the São Miguel Island.
DS200912-0236
2009
Zanchetta, S.Fumagalli, P., Zanchetta, S., Pell, S.Alkali in phlogopite and amphibole and their effects on phase relations in metasomatized peridotites: a high pressure study.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 158, pp. 723-737.MantleMetasomatism. subduction
DS200412-2196
2004
Zanda, B.Zanda, B.Chondrules.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 224, 1-2, July, 30, pp. 1-17.TechnologyMeteorite, solar nebula, early chemical fractionations
DS200912-0495
2009
ZandtMercier, J.P., Bostock, M.G., Cassidy, J.F., Dueker, K., Gaherty, J.B., Garnero, E.J., Revenaugh, ZandtBody wave tomography of western Canada.Tectonophysics, Vol. 475, 2, pp. 480-492.Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Northwest TerritoriesGeophysics - seismics
DS1984-0571
1984
Zandt, G.Owens, T.J., Zandt, G., Taylor, S.R.Seismic Evidence for an Ancient Rift Beneath the Cumberlandplateau, Tennessee: a Detailed Analysis of Broadband Teleseismic P Waveforms.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 89, No. B9, SEPT. 10TH. PP. 7783-7795.GlobalMid Continent
DS1994-1978
1994
Zandt, G.Zandt, G., Velasco, A.A., Beck, S.L.Composition and thickness of the southern Altiplano crust, BoliviaGeology, Vol. 221, No. 11, November pp. 1003-1006BoliviaTectonics, Cordilleran -Andes
DS1995-2118
1995
Zandt, G.Zandt, G., Ammon, C.J.Continental crust composition constrained by measurements of crustalPoisson's ratio.Nature, Vol. 374, No. 6518, March 9, pp. 152-153.MantleCrust composition
DS1996-0105
1996
Zandt, G.Beck, S.L., Zandt, G., et al.Crustal thickness variations in the central AndesGeology, Vol. 24, No. 5, May, pp. 407-410Bolivia, ArgentinaTectonics
DS1998-1269
1998
Zandt, G.Ruppert, S., Fliedner, M.M., Zandt, G.Thin crust and active upper mantle beneath the southern Sierra Nevada In the western United States.Tectonophysics, Vol. 286, No. 1-4, Mar. 10, pp. 237-252.Nevada, CaliforniaGeophysics - seismic
DS2002-0132
2002
Zandt, G.Beck, S.L., Zandt, G.The nature of orogenic crust in central AndesJournal of Geophysical Research, Oct. 29, 10.1029/2001JB000124.AndesOrogeny
DS200512-0814
2005
Zandt, G.Ozacar, A.A., Zandt, G.Crustal seismic anisotropy in central Tibet: implications for deformational style and flow in the crust.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, 23, Dec. 16, DOI 10.1029/2004 GLO21096Asia, TibetGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0361
2007
Zandt, G.Gilbert, H., Velasco, A.A., Zandt, G.Preservation of Proterozoic terrane boundaries within the Colorado Plateau and implications for its tectonic evolution.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 256, 1-2, June 15, pp. 237-248.United States, Colorado PlateauTectonics
DS200812-1306
2008
Zandt, G.Zandt, G., Humphreys, E.Toroidal mantle flow through the western U.S. slab window.Geology, Vol. 36, 4, pp. 295-298.MantleSubduction
DS200912-0802
2008
Zandt, G.Wagner, L.B., Anderson, M.L., Jackson, J.M., Beck, S.L., Zandt,G.Seismic evidence for orthopyroxene enrichment in the continental lithosphere.Geology, Vol. 36, 12, Dec. pp. 936=938.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS201601-0015
2015
Zandt, G.Eakin, C.M., Long, M.D., Scire, A., Beck, S.L., Wagner, L.S., Zandt, G., Tavera, H.Internal deformation of the subducted Nazca slab inferred from seismic anisotropy. ..new study suggests that the Earth's rigid tectonic plates stay strong when they slide under another plate, known as subduction, may not be universal.Nature Geoscience, 10.1038/ngeo2592MantleSubduction
DS202007-1171
2020
Zandt, G.Portner, D.E., Rodriguez, E.E., Beck, S., Zandt, G., Scire, A., Rocha, M.P.Detailed structure of the subducted Nazca slab into the lower mantle derived from continent scale teleseismic P wave tomography.Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 125, e2019JB017884.Mantle, South Americasubduction

Abstract: Nazca subduction beneath South America is one of our best modern examples of long?lived ocean?continent subduction on the planet, serving as a foundation for our understanding of subduction processes. Within that framework, persistent heterogeneities at a range of scales in both the South America and Nazca plates is difficult to reconcile without detailed knowledge of the subducted Nazca slab structure. Here we use teleseismic travel time residuals from >1,000 broadband and short?period seismic stations across South America in a single tomographic inversion to produce the highest?resolution contiguous P wave tomography model of the subducting slab and surrounding mantle beneath South America to date. Our model reveals a continuous trench?parallel fast seismic velocity anomaly across the majority of South America that is consistent with the subducting Nazca slab. The imaged anomaly indicates a number of robust features of the subducted slab, including variable slab dip, extensive lower mantle penetration, slab stagnation in the lower mantle, and variable slab amplitude, that are incorporated into a new, comprehensive model of the geometry of the Nazca slab surface to ~1,100 km depth. Lower mantle slab penetration along the entire margin suggests that lower mantle slab anchoring is insufficient to explain along strike upper plate variability while slab stagnation in the lower mantle indicates that the 1,000 km discontinuity is dominant beneath South America.
DS1999-0823
1999
Zanetti, A.Zanetti, A., Mazzucchelli, M., Vanucci, R.The Finero phlogopite peridotite massif: an example of subduction relatedMetasomatismContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 134, No. 2-3, pp. 107-122.ItalyMetasomatism, perioditite
DS2001-1291
2001
Zanetti, A.Zanetti, A., Vanucci, R., Piccardo, G.B.The lithospheric mantle beneath the Assab region: a LAM ICP Ms study of peridotite and pyroxenite xenoliths.Plinius, No. 24, pp. 223-4. abstractGlobalXenoliths, Afur region - eastern African Rift
DS2003-0330
2003
Zanetti, A.Dencker, I., Nimis, P., Zanetti, A., Sobolev, N.V.Major and trace elements composition of Cr diopsides from the Zagadochnaya8ikc, Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 4, POSTER abstractRussia, YakutiaMantle geochemistry, Deposit - Zagadochnaya
DS2003-1380
2003
Zanetti, A.Tiepolo, M., Zanetti, A., Oberti, R., Brumm, R., Foley, S., Vannucci, R.Trace element partitioning between synthetic potassic richterites and silicate melts, andEuropean Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 15, 2, pp. 329-40.GlobalMineralogy
DS200412-1674
2004
Zanetti, A.Rivalenti, G., Zanetti, A., Mazzucchelli, M., Vanucci, R., Congolani, C.A.Equivocal carbonatite markers in the mantle xenoliths of the Patagonia backarc: the Gobernador Gregores case ( Santa Cruz ProvinContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 147, 6, pp. 647-670.South America, ArgentinaCarbonatite
DS200412-1992
2003
Zanetti, A.Tiepolo, M., Zanetti, A., Oberti, R., Brumm, R., Foley, S., Vannucci, R.Trace element partitioning between synthetic potassic richterites and silicate melts, and contrasts with the partitioning behaviEuropean Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 15, 2, pp. 329-40.TechnologyMineralogy
DS200412-2197
2004
Zanetti, A.Zanetti, A., Tiepolo, M., Oberti, R., Vannucci, R.Trace element partitioning in olivine: modelling of a complete dat a set from a synthetic hydrous basanite melt.Lithos, Vol. 75, 1-2, July, pp. 39-54.TechnologyGeochemistry - petrogenetic processes, fingerprinting
DS200512-0907
2004
Zanetti, A.Rivalenti, G., Mazzucchelli, M., Laurora, A., Ciuffi, S.I.A., Zanetti, A., Vannucci, R., Cingolani, C.A.The backarc mantle lithosphere in Patagonia, South America.Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 17, 2, Oct. 30, pp. 121-152.South America, PatagoniaXenoliths, geothermometry, melting, slab, subduction
DS200612-1164
2006
Zanetti, A.Rivalenti, G., Zanetti, A., Giradri, V.A.V., Mazzucchelli, M., Tassinari, C.G., Bertotto, G.W.The effect of the Fernando de Noronha plume on the mantle lithosphere in north eastern Brazil.Lithos, in press available,South America, BrazilXenoliths, alkali basalts, geochemistry
DS200712-0897
2006
Zanetti, A.Rivalenti, G., Zanetti, A., Girardi, V.A.V., Mazzucchelli, M., Colombo, C.G., Bertotto, G.W.The effect of the Fernando de Noronha plume on the mantle lithosphere in north eastern Brazil.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, In press availableSouth America, BrazilXenolith - alkali basalt
DS200912-0607
2009
Zanetti, A.Raffone, N., Chazot, G., Pin, C., Vannucci, R., Zanetti, A.Metasomatism in the lithospheric mantle beneath Middle Atlas ( Morocco) and the origin of Fe- and Mg- rich wehrlites.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 50, 2, pp. 197-249.Africa, MoroccoMetasomatism
DS201012-0493
2010
Zanetti, A.Melluso, L., Srivastava, R.K., Guarino, V., Zanetti, A., Sinha, A.K.Mineral compositions and petrogenetic evolution of the ultramafic alkaline carbonatitic complex of Sung Valley, northeastern India.The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 48, 2, pp. 205-229.IndiaCarbonatite
DS201112-0616
2011
Zanetti, A.Longo, M., Nimis, P., Ziberna, L., Marzoli, A., Zanetti, A., Franz, L.Geochemistry of xenoliths from the Gibeon kimberlite province, Namibia.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.1354.Africa, NamibiaOff-craton
DS201112-1173
2011
Zanetti, A.Ziberna, L., Nimis, P., Zanetti, A., Sobolev, N.V., Marzoli, A.Geochemistry of mantle microxenoliths from Zagadochnaya kimberlite, Yakutia, Russia.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.2283.Russia, YakutiaNarren Type II kimberlite
DS201212-0592
2012
Zanetti, A.Rocco, I., Lustrino, M., Zanetti, A., Morra, V., Melluso, L.Petrology of ultramafic xenoliths in Cenozoic alkaline rocks of northern Madagascar ( Nosy Be Archipelago)Journal of South American Earth Sciences, in press availableAfrica, MadagascarBasanites, Foidites
DS201312-0748
2013
Zanetti, A.Rocco, I., Lustino, M., Zanetti, A., Morra, V., Melluso, L.Petrology of ultramafic xenoliths in Cenozoic alkaline rocks of northern Madagascar. Nosy Be Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Vol. 41, pp. 122-139.Africa, MadagascarBasanites, Foidites
DS201312-1022
2013
Zanetti, A.Ziberna, L., Nimis, P., Zanetti, A., Marzoli, A., Sobolev, N.V.Metasomatic processes in the central Siberian cratonic mantle: evidence from garnet xenocrysts from the Zagadochnaya kimberlite.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 54, pp. 2379-2409.Russia, SiberiaDeposit - Zagadochnaya
DS201708-1580
2017
Zanetti, A.Rocco, I., Zanetti, A., Melluso, L., Morra, V.Ancient depleted and enriched mantle lithosphere domains in northern Madagascar: geochemical and isotopic evidence from spinel-to-plagioclase-bearing ultramafic xenoliths. Massif d'Ambre and BobaombyChemical Geology, in press available, 16p.Africa, Madagascarmelting

Abstract: Mantle xenoliths hosted in Cenozoic alkaline rocks of northern Madagascar (Massif d'Ambre and Bobaomby volcanic fields) are spinel lherzolites, harzburgites and rare websterites. Petrography, electron microprobe, LA-ICP-MS and thermal ionization mass spectrometry techniques allowed to recognize domains characterized by variable degree of partial melting and extent of re-enrichment processes: 1) refractory spinel-to-spinel + plagioclase-lherzolites, with clinopyroxenes having marked LREE (Light Rare Earth Elements) depletion ((La/Yb)N ~ 0.2) and very high 143Nd/144Nd (0.513594), which represent a limited and shallow portion of old mantle that suffered low degree partial melting (2–3%) and was later accreted to the lithosphere. These lherzolites acted as a low-porosity region, being, in places, percolated by small volumes of melts shortly before eruption; 2) lherzolites and harzburgites that suffered variable degrees of partial melt extraction (up to 15%), assisted and/or followed by pervasive, porous flow infiltration of alkaline melts in a relatively large porosity region, leading to the creation of a wide area rich in secondary mineral phases (i.e. olivine, clinopyroxene and pargasitic amphibole), enriched in incompatible elements (e.g., LaN/YbN in clinopyroxene up to 15) and having radiogenic Sr and unradiogenic Nd; 3) websterites and wehrlite-bearing samples that record differentiation processes of alkaline melts highly enriched in Th, U and LREE, not yet documented in the erupted volcanics of northern Madagascar. The mantle xenoliths of northern Madagascar show a regional decrease of the equilibration temperature from to SW (up to 1180 °C, Nosy Be Archipelago) to the NE (up to 900 °C, Bobaomby district). A significant lithologic and geochemical variation of the shallow lithospheric mantle beneath northern Madagascar is noted, in contrast with the relatively uniform geochemical and isotopic composition of the host alkali basalt and basanite lavas.
DS201711-2531
2017
Zanetti, M.R.Timms, N.E., Erickson, T.M., Zanetti, M.R., Pearce, M.A., Cayron, C., Cavosie, A.J., Reddy, S.M., Wittman, A., Carpenter, P.K.Cubic zirconia in >2370 C impact melt records Earth's hottest crust.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 478, pp. 52-58.Canada, QuebecMistastin crater

Abstract: Bolide impacts influence primordial evolution of planetary bodies because they can cause instantaneous melting and vaporization of both crust and impactors. Temperatures reached by impact-generated silicate melts are unknown because meteorite impacts are ephemeral, and established mineral and rock thermometers have limited temperature ranges. Consequently, impact melt temperatures in global bombardment models of the early Earth and Moon are poorly constrained, and may not accurately predict the survival, stabilization, geochemical evolution and cooling of early crustal materials. Here we show geological evidence for the transformation of zircon to cubic zirconia plus silica in impact melt from the 28 km diameter Mistastin Lake crater, Canada, which requires super-heating in excess of 2370?°C. This new temperature determination is the highest recorded from any crustal rock. Our phase heritage approach extends the thermometry range for impact melts by several hundred degrees, more closely bridging the gap between nature and theory. Profusion of >2370?°C superheated impact melt during high intensity bombardment of Hadean Earth likely facilitated consumption of early-formed crustal rocks and minerals, widespread volatilization of various species, including hydrates, and formation of dry, rigid, refractory crust.
DS1990-0409
1990
ZangDobbs, P.N., Guo Yaping, Hu Siyi, Lin Jianrong, Luo Lianquan, ZangA sedimentological study of Diamondiferous Quaternary sediments in southern Shandong ChinaGeol. Journal, Vol. 25, pp. 47-59ChinaSedimentology, Diamond sediments
DS200912-0864
2009
Zang, C.Zhou, S., Zang, C., Ma, H., Li, X., Zhang, H., Jia, X.Study on growth of coarse grains of diamond with high quality under HPHT.Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 54, 1, pp. 163-167.TechnologyUHP
DS200512-1231
2005
Zang, C.Y.Zang, C.Y., Jia, X.P., Ma, H.A., Tian, Y., Xiao, H.Y.Effect of regrown graphite on the growth of large gem diamonds by temperature gradient method.Chinese Physics Letters , Vol. 22, 9, pp. 2415-2417.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS201902-0325
2018
Zang, J-H.Su, L-X., Zhao, C-X., Lou, Q., Chun-Yao, F., Li, Z., Shen, C-L., Zang, J-H., Jia, X-P., Shan, C-X.Efficient phosphorescence from synthetic diamonds.Carbon, Vol. 130, 1, pp. 384-389.Globalsynthetics

Abstract: Synthetic diamonds have inspired much interest for their unique photophysical properties and versatile potential applications, but their phosphorescent phenomenon and mechanism have been paid much less attention. Here, phosphorescent diamonds with a lifetime of 5.4?s were synthesized by high-pressure and high-temperature method, and the diamonds exhibit an emission band at around 468?nm under the excitation wavelength of 230?nm. The quantum yield of the phosphorescent diamonds is about 4.7% at ambient temperature and atmosphere, which is the first report on the quantum yield of diamonds. The unique phosphorescence emission can be attributed to the radiative recombination from iron related donors and boron related acceptors.
DS201712-2683
2017
Zang, Q.Deng, M., Xu, C., Song, W., Tang, H., Liu, Y., Zang, Q., Zhou, Y., Feng, M., Wei, C.REE mineralization in the Bayan Obo deposit, China: evidence from mineral paragenesis.Ore Geology Reviews, in press available, 10p.Chinadeposit - Bayan Obo

Abstract: Preliminary mineralogical and geochemical studies have been carried out on dolomite marble drill cores from the Bayan Obo REE deposit in China. Three types of apatites and four types of monazites have been identified based on textural features: Type 1 apatite occurs as grains with minor monazite (Type 1 monazite) on its border; Type 2 apatite veinlet shows clusters of assemblages with abundant bastnäsite and parisite at the rim; Type 3 apatite has a linear array associated with fluorite and bastnäsite veinlets. Type 2 monazite occurs as clusters intergrowing with parisite and fluorite. Type 3 and 4 monazites occur as polymineralic (fluorite and bastnäsite) and monomineralic veinlets, respectively. These four types of monazites have similar LREE composition but variable Y content (Y2O3 ranging from below determination limits to 0.7?wt%). The three types of apatites also show different REE content and distribution patterns, ranging from high REE abundance (?REE?+?Y: 27243-251789?ppm) and strong LREE enrichment [(La/Yb)CN ?101] in Type 1, less LREE enrichment [(La/Yb)CN ?8] in Type 2 to relatively low REE abundance (?REE?+?Y: 4323-11175?ppm) but high REE fractionation [(La/Yb)CN ?58] in Type 3. The primary apatite has high Sr (5461-6892?ppm) and REE content, implying a carbonatite origin. The late-stage apatites (Types 2 and 3) show different Sr and REE abundances. Significant differences in their Sr composition (6189?±?573, 6041?±?549 and 3492?±?802 for Types 1-3 samples, respectively) and Y/Ho ratio (20.9?±?0.11, 19.5?±?0.17 and 17.4?±?0.37, respectively) indicate that the three types of apatites may have crystallized from different metasomatic fluids. Multi-stage metasomatism resulted in remobilization and redeposition of primary REE minerals to form the Bayan Obo REE deposit.
DS2003-0658
2003
Zang, S.X.Jing, Z.C., Ning, J.Y., Wang, S.G., Zang, S.X.Dynamic phase boundaries of olivine wadsleyite in subduction zones in the westernGeophysical Research Letters, Vol. 29, 22, Nov. 15, DOI 10.1029/2001GLO13810GlobalSubduction
DS1992-1701
1992
Zang AndiWu Jianshan, Geng Yuansheng, Tang Lianjiang, Zang AndiRelationship of Diamondiferous kimberlites with tectonic setting of basement in Sino-Korean PlatformRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 33, No. 10, 5p.ChinaStructure, Sino-Korean Platform
DS1999-0824
1999
Zangana, N.A.Zangana, N.A., Downes, H., Bea, F.Geochemical variation in peridotite xenoliths and their constituent clinopyroxenes from Ray Pic: implicationsChemical Geology, Vol. 153, No. 1-4, Jan. pp. 11-36.Europe, French Massif CentralMantle - shallow lithosphere
DS1995-2119
1995
Zank, N.S.Zank, N.S.Privatizing the minerals sectorNatural Resources forum, Vol. 19, No. 3, Aug. 1, pp. 215-222GlobalEconomics, Legal -privatization
DS1995-0548
1995
Zankovich, N.S.Fomin, A.S., Serenko, V.P., Zankovich, N.S.Two phase pipes of the Yakutian Diamondiferous provinceProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Almazy Rossii Sakha abstract, p. 6.Russia, YakutiaAutoliths, Deposit -Daldyn Alakit, Malo Botuobiya, Malokuonamka
DS1995-2120
1995
Zankovich, N.S.Zankovich, N.S.One criterion for the determination of the phases of kimberlite rocks from Yakutian pipes: autolithProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Almazy Rossii Sakha abstract, p. 5.Russia, YakutiaAutoliths, Deposit -Daldyn Alakit
DS201812-2856
2019
Zanon, V.Nazzarini, S., Nestola, F., Zanon, V., Bindi, L., Scricciolo, E., Petrelli, M., Zanatta, M., Mariotto, G., Giuli, G.Discovery of moissanite in a peralkaline syenite from the Azores Islands.Lithos, Vol. 324-325, pp. 68-73.Europe, Portugal, Azoresmoissanite

Abstract: Our discovery of moissanite grains in a peralkaline syenite from the Água de Pau Volcano (São Miguel, Azores Islands, Portugal) represents the first report of this mineral in present day oceanic geodynamic settings. Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction show the presence of both the 6H and 4H polytypes with the predominance of the first one. The distribution of trace elements is homogeneous, except for Al and V. Azorean moissanite often hosts rounded inclusions of metallic Si and other not yet identified metallic alloys. A process involving a flushing of CH4-H2 ultra-reducing fluids in the alkaline melts might be considered as a possible mechanism leading to the formation of natural SiC, thus calling for strongly reducing conditions that were locally met in the crust-mantle beneath the São Miguel Island.
DS201902-0302
2019
Zanon, V.Nazzarini, S., Nestola, F.,Zanon, V., Bindi, L., Giuli, G.Discovery of moissanite in a peralkaline syenite from the Azores Islands.Lithos, Vol. 324, pp. 68-73.Europe, Portugal, Azoresmoissanite

Abstract: Our discovery of moissanite grains in a peralkaline syenite from the Água de Pau Volcano (São Miguel, Azores Islands, Portugal) represents the first report of this mineral in present day oceanic geodynamic settings. Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction show the presence of both the 6H and 4H polytypes with the predominance of the first one. The distribution of trace elements is homogeneous, except for Al and V. Azorean moissanite often hosts rounded inclusions of metallic Si and other not yet identified metallic alloys. A process involving a flushing of CH4-H2 ultra-reducing fluids in the alkaline melts might be considered as a possible mechanism leading to the formation of natural SiC, thus calling for strongly reducing conditions that were locally met in the crust-mantle beneath the São Miguel Island.
DS1970-0457
1971
Zanone, L.Zanone, L.Bibliography of the Geology and Mining Research in the Ivory Coast, 1855-1970.Abidjan: Soc. Pour Le Developpement Minier De la Cote D'ivoi, West Africa, Ivory CoastBibliography, Kimberley
DS201810-2391
2018
Zaporozan, T.Zaporozan, T., Fredericksen, A.W., Bryksin, A., Darbyshire, F.Surface wave images of western Canada: lithographic variations across the Cordillera craton boundary.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 55, pp. 887-896.Canada, Northwest Territories, Alberta, Saskatchewangeophysics - seismic

Abstract: Two-station surface-wave analysis was used to measure Rayleigh-wave phase velocities between 105 station pairs in western Canada, straddling the boundary between the tectonically active Cordillera and the adjacent stable craton. Major variations in phase velocity are seen across the boundary at periods from 15 to 200 s, periods primarily sensitive to upper mantle structure. Tomographic inversion of these phase velocities was used to generate phase velocity maps at these periods, indicating a sharp contrast between low-velocity Cordilleran upper mantle and high-velocity cratonic lithosphere. Depth inversion along selected transects indicates that the Cordillera-craton upper mantle contact varies in dip along the deformation front, with cratonic lithosphere of the Taltson province overthrusting Cordilleran asthenosphere in the northern Cordillera, and Cordilleran asthenosphere overthrusting Wopmay lithosphere further south. Localized high-velocity features at sub-lithospheric depths beneath the Cordillera are interpreted as Farallon slab fragments, with the gap between these features indicating a slab window. A high-velocity feature in the lower lithosphere of the Slave province may be related to Proterozic or Archean subduction.
DS2000-0843
2000
Zappettini, E.O.Rubiolo, D.G., Zappettini, E.O.Mesozoic alkaline plutonism in the Central Andes of Northwestern ArgentinaIgc 30th. Brasil, Aug. abstract only 1p.ArgentinaTectonics, rifting, Carbonatite
DS1975-0216
1975
Zara, L.Zara, L.Rhodes. the Colossus of AfricaMiner. Digest (usa), Vol. 7, PP. 64-73.South AfricaHistory, Biography
DS201212-0611
2012
Zarate, M.Rutter, N., Coronato, A.,Helmens, K., Rabassa, J., Zarate, M.Glaciations in North and South America from the Miocene to the last glacial maximum.Springer, Book adUnited States, Canada, South AmericaGeomorphology
DS2001-1292
2001
Zarcan International Resources IncZarcan International Resources IncParauna diamond and gold property, environmental permit for mining receivedZarcan International, May 15, 2p.Brazil, Minas GeraisNews item, Diamantina Diamond Field
DS1960-0393
1963
Zaretskii, L.M.Rozhkov, I.S., Mikhalev, G.P., Zaretskii, L.M.Diamond Deposits of the Malo-botuobiya Region of Southern Yakutia.Moscow: Izdat Nauka., 138P.Russia, YakutiaKimberlite, Diamond, Kimberley
DS1991-1920
1991
Zarharchenko, O.D.Zarharchenko, O.D., Kharkiv, A.D., Botova, M.M., Makhin, A.I.Inclusions of plutonic minerals in diamonds from kimberlite rocks of the northern east European PlatformProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 579-580RussiaDiamond inclusions, Olivine, coesite, chrome-spinellid
DS201809-2040
2018
Zaripov, N.R.Ignatov, P.A., Novikov, K.V., Shmonov, A.M., Zaripov, N.R., Khodnya, M.S., Razumov, A.N., Kilishekov, O.K., Kryazhev, S.G., Kovalchuk, O.E.Zoning of faults and secondary mineralization of host rocks of kimberlites of the Maiscoe diamond deposit, Nakyn field, Yakutia.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 60, 3, pp. 201-209.Russiadeposit - Maiscoe
DS1995-0292
1995
Zaritski, A.I.Chaska, A.I., Bobrievich, A.P., Zaritski, A.I., et al.Kimberlite magmatism of the UkraineProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Extended Abstracts, p. 104-105.UKrainePriazovski Near Azov, North Volyn, Petrovskoe, Nadiya, Yuzhnaya, Novolaspinskaya
DS1982-0435
1982
Zaritskiy, A.I.Metalidi, S.V., Zaritskiy, A.I., Tsymbal, S.N., et al.First Discovery of Diamonds in Upper Proterozoic Conglomerates of East European PlatformMineral. Zhurnal, Vol. 4, No. 3, PP. 20-29.RussiaMineralogy, Spectra, Luminescence
DS1995-0163
1995
Zarr, A.Boehler, R., Chopelas, A., Zarr, A.Temperature and chemistry of the core-mantle boundaryChemical Geology, Vol. 120, No. 3-4, March 1, pp. 199-206.MantleBoundary, Geochemistry
DS202008-1451
2020
Zartmam, R.Sun, W-D., Zhang, L-p., Xie, G-z., Hawkesworth. C., Zartmam, R.Carbonatite formed through diamond oxidation.Goldschmidt 2020, 1p. AbstractMantlecarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatite is a magmatic rock with high carbonate and low silicate contents, which mostly originate in the mantle. It is therefore of critical importance to understand the behavior of carbon in the mantle, and consequently deep carbon recycling. However, the formation of carbonatite is largely unresolved. In particular, the source of carbonatite the carbonate remains obscure. Previous studies showed that the solidus of carbonated mantle peridotite was lower than the Earth’s geotherm in the Archean and the Early Proterozoic era, before ~1.4 Ga ago. Therefore, the mantle should have been severely decarbonated early in Earth’s history. This is consistent with the low carbon abundance in the asthenospheric mantle (~100 ppm), as indicated by low carbonate concentrations in mid-ocean ridge basalts. Consequently, carbonate in young mantle must have been mostly obtained in the post-Archean era by two processes. These are either oxidation of diamond in the mantle or recycling of sedimentary carbonates through plate subduction. Here we show that the Sr and Nd isotope variations in carbonatite may be plausibly explained by mixing of three endmembers, (1) recycled sedimentary carbonates, (2) depleted mantle, and (3) a low Sr and Nd isotopes endmember. The low Sr, Nd carbonate reservoirs for carbonatites of different ages plot roughly on the evolution line of the primitive mantle, suggesting that they were successively released from a well-preserved, non-carbonate mantle source. The preferred candidate for this endmember is carbonate formed through oxidation of diamond by ferric ion released through decomposition of bridgmanite, which is carried up from the lower mantle via background upwelling, compensational to the volume of oceanic slabs penetrating into the lower mantle1.
DS2001-0586
2001
ZartmanKempton, P.D., Downes, Neymark, Wartho, Zartman, SharkovGarnet granulite xenoliths from the northern Baltic Shield - the underplated lower crust of a paleoprot...Journal of Petrology, Vol. 42, No. 4, Apr. pp. 731-64.Baltic Shield, Kola PeninsulaIgneous Province, Geochronology
DS200712-0559
2007
Zartman, R.Kogarko, N.L., Zartman, R.Isotopic signatures of the Siberian flood basalts and alkaline magmatism of Polar Siberia ( age, genetic link, heterogeneity of mantle sources).Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A503.Russia, SiberiaGeochronology
DS1960-0899
1967
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Brock, M.E., Heyl, A.V., Thomas, H.H.Potassium-argon and Rubidium-strontium Ages of Some Alkaline Intrusive rocks from Central and Eastern United States.American Journal of Science, VOL 265, PP. 838-870.United States, Appalachia, New York, Central StatesGeology, Related Rocks, Kimberlite, Geochronology
DS1975-0657
1977
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E.Geochronology of Some Alkalic Rock Provinces in Eastern And central United States.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, Vol. 5, PP. 257-386.United States, Gulf Coast, Arkansas, Appalachia, KentuckyGeochronology, Related Rocks, Kimberlite
DS1983-0529
1983
Zartman, R.E.Rankin, D.W., Stern, T.W., Mclelland, J., Zartman, R.E., Odom, A.Correlation Chart for Precambrian Rocks of the Eastern United States.United States Geological Survey (USGS) PROF. PAPER., No. 1241-E, 18P.GlobalMid-continent
DS1985-0524
1985
Zartman, R.E.Peterman, Z.E., Zartman, R.E.The Early Proterozoic Trans-hudson Orogen in the Northern Great Plains of the United States.6th. International Conference Basement Tectonics, Held Sante Fe, Septem, P. 30. (abstract.).United States, Rocky Mountains, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, WillisGeotectonics
DS1985-0761
1985
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Howard, J.M.Uranium-thorium-lead AGES of LARGE ZIRCON CRYSTALS from the POTASH SULFUR SPRINGS IGNEOUS COMPLEX, GARLAND COUNTY, Arkansaw.Geological Society of America (GSA), Vol. 17, P. 198. (abstract.).United States, Gulf Coast, Arkansas, Garland CountyGeochronology
DS1987-0154
1987
Zartman, R.E.Dewitt, E., Kwak, L.M., Zartman, R.E.Uranium-thorium-lead (U-Th-Pb) and 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Mountain Pass carbonatite and alkalic igneous rocks, southeast CaliforniaGeological Society of America, Vol. 19, No. 7 annual meeting abstracts, p.642. abstracCaliforniaShonkinite, Rare earths
DS1987-0828
1987
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Howard, M.Uranium lead age of large zircon crystals from the Potash Sulfur Springs igneous complex, Garland County, ArkansawMantle metasomatism and alkaline magmatism, edited E. Mullen Morris and, No. 215, pp. 235-240ArkansasBlank
DS1988-0204
1988
Zartman, R.E.Evans, K.V., Zartman, R.E.Early Paleozoic alkalic plutonism in east central IdahoGeological Society of America (GSA) Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 12, December pp. 1981-1987IdahoAlkaline rocks
DS1990-1150
1990
Zartman, R.E.Paces, J.B., Zartman, R.E., Taylor, L.A., Futa, K., Kwak, L.M.lead isotopic evidence for multiple episodes of lower crustal growth and modification in granulite nodules from the Superior Province, MichiganGeological Society of America (GSA) Annual Meeting, Abstracts, Vol. 22, No. 7, p. A119Michigan, MidcontinentGeochronology, Granulite nodules
DS1991-1921
1991
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Futa, K., Peng, Z.C.A comparison of Sr-Neodymium-Palladium isotopes in young and old continental lithosphericmantle: Patagonia and eastern ChinaAustralian Journal of Earth Science, Vol. 38, pp. 545-557China, South AmericaMantle, Geochronology
DS1992-0704
1992
Zartman, R.E.Hermes, O.D., Zartman, R.E.Late Proterozoic and Silurian alkaline plutons within the southeastern New England Avalon ZoneJournal of Geology, Vol. 100, pp. 477-486GlobalAlkaline rocks
DS1997-1291
1997
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Nicholson, S.W., Cannon, W.F., Morey, G.B.Uranium-thorium-lead-zircon ages of some Keweenawan Supergroup rocks from the south shore of Lake SuperiorCanadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 34, No. 4, April, pp. 549-561Michigan, WisconsinGeochronology
DS1998-0504
1998
Zartman, R.E.Ghosh, J.G., Zartman, R.E., De Wit, M.J.Re-evaluation of tectonic framework of southern most India: new uranium-lead (U-Pb)geochronological and structural data.Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 27, 1A, p. 86. AbstractIndia, southTectonics - not specific to diamonds, Geochronology
DS1998-1623
1998
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Richardson, S., Gurney, J.J., Moore, R.Uranium-thorium-lead ages of megacrystic zircon from the Monastery kimberlite, FreeState, South Africa.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 989-91.South AfricaGeochronology, tectonics, Deposit - Monastery
DS2001-0338
2001
Zartman, R.E.Frimmel, H.E., Zartman, R.E., Spath, A.The Richtersveld igneous complex: uranium-lead (U-Pb) zircon and geochemical evidence for beginning Neoproterozoic...Journal of Geology, Vol. 109, pp. 493-508.South AfricaContinental breakup, Geotectonics
DS2001-0664
2001
Zartman, R.E.Le Roex, A.P., Spath, A., Zartman, R.E.Lithospheric thickness beneath the southern Kenya Rift: implications from basalt geochemistry.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 142, No. 1, Oct. pp.89-106.Kenya, southern AfricaGeochemistry - basalt
DS200512-1232
2005
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Richardson, S.H.Evidence from kimberlitic zircon for a decreasing mantle Th/U since the Archean.Chemical Geology, Vol. 220, 3-4, pp. 263-283.MantleGeochronology
DS201112-0532
2011
Zartman, R.E.Kogarko, L.N., Zartman, R.E.A Pb isotope investigation of the Guli Massif, Maymecha Kotuy alkaline ultramafic complex, Siberian flood basalt province, Polar Siberia.Deep Seated Magmatism, its sources and plumes, Ed. Vladykin, N.V., pp. 76-95.Russia, SiberiaMetasomatism, geochronology
DS201312-1005
2013
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Kempton, P.D., Kempton, J.B., Paces, H.D., Williams, I.S., Dobosi, G.,Futa, K.Lower crustal xenoliths from Jurassic kimberlite diatremes, Upper Michigan USA: evidence for Proterozoic orogenesis and plume magmatism in the lower crust of the southern Superior Province.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 54, 3, pp. 575-608.United States, MichiganDeposit - Lake Ellen, S69, S10
DS201412-1021
2014
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Kogarko, L.N.A Pb isotope investigation of the Lovozero agpaitic nepheline syenite, Kola Peninsul, Russia.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 453, 1, pp. 25-28.Russia, Kola PeninsulaGeochronology
DS201705-0891
2017
Zartman, R.E.Zartman, R.E., Kogarko, L.N.Lead isotopic evidence for interaction between plume and lower crust during emplacement of peralkine Lovozero rocks and related rare-metal deposits, East Fennoscandia, Kola Peninsula, Russia.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 172, 32p.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite

Abstract: The Lovozero alkaline massif—an agpaitic nepheline syenite layered intrusion—is located in the central part of the Kola Peninsula, Russia, and belongs to the Kola ultramafic alkaline and carbonatitic province (KACP) of Devonian age. Associated loparite and eudialyte deposits, which contain immense resources of REE, Nb, Ta, and Zr, constitute a world class mineral district. Previous Sr, Nd, and Hf isotope investigations demonstrated that these rocks and mineral deposits were derived from a depleted mantle source. However, because the Sr, Nd, and Hf abundances in the Kola alkaline rocks are significantly elevated, their isotopic compositions were relatively insensitive to contamination by the underlying crustal rocks through which the intruding magmas passed. Pb occurring in relatively lower abundance in the KACP rocks, by contrast, would have been a more sensitive indicator of an acquired crustal component. Here, we investigate the lead isotopic signature of representative types of Lovozero rocks in order to further characterize their sources. The measured Pb isotopic composition was corrected using the determined U and Th concentrations to the age of the crystallization of the intrusion (376?±?28 Ma, based on a 206Pb/204Pb versus 238U/204Pb isochron and 373?±?9 Ma, from a 208Pb/204Pb versus 232Th/204Pb isochron). Unlike the previously investigated Sr, Nd, and Hf isotopes, the lead isotopic composition plot was well outside the FOZO field. The 206Pb/204Pb values fall within the depleted MORB field, with some rocks having lower 207Pb/204Pb but higher 208Pb/204Pb values. Together with other related carbonatites having both lower and higher 206Pb/204Pb values, the combined KACP rocks form an extended linear array defining either a?~2.5-Ga secondary isochron or a mixing line. The projection of this isotopic array toward the very unradiogenic composition of underlying 2.4-2.5-Ga basaltic rocks of the Matachewan superplume and associated Archean granulite facies country rock provides strong evidence that this old lower crust was the contaminant responsible for the deviation of the Lovozero rocks from a presumed original FOZO lead isotopic composition. Evaluating the presence of such a lower crustal component in the Lovozero rock samples suggests a 5-10% contamination by such rocks. Contamination by upper crustal rock is limited to only a negligible amount.
DS2001-0585
2001
Zartman SharkovKempton, P.D., Downes, Neymark, Wartho, Zartman SharkovGarnet granulite xenoliths from the Northern Baltic Shield - underplated lower crust of paleoproterozoic ..Journal of Petrology, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 731-63.Russia, Kola Peninsula, Baltic ShieldLarge igneous province, Metasomatism, geochronology
DS200612-0421
2006
Zarubin, B.Galimov, E., Kudin, A., Skorobogatskii, V., Plotnichenko, V., Bondarev, O., Zarubin, B., Strazdovskii, V., Aronin, A., Fisenko, A., Bykov, I., Barinov, A.Experimental corrobation of the synthesis of diamond in the cavitation process.Doklady Physical Chemistry, Vol. 49, 3, pp. 150-153.TechnologyDiamond synthesis
DS201012-0824
2010
Zarubina, N.V.Vovna, G.M., Mishkin, M.A., Sakhno, V.G., Zarubina, N.V.Early Archean sialic crust of the Siberian craton: the composition and origin of magmatic protoliths.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 429, 2, pp. 1439-1442.RussiaMagmatism
DS1991-0473
1991
Zarudnev, N.V.Fefelov, N.N., Kostrovlisky, S.I., Zarudnev, N.V.lead isotope composition and lead-lead age of kimberlites of Siberia.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 320, No. 6, pp. 1466-1469. # HB276Russia, SiberiaGeochronology, Kimberlites
DS1992-0451
1992
Zarudneva, N.V.Fefelov, N.N., Kostrovitskii, S.I., Zarudneva, N.V.Lead isotope composition in Russian kimberlitesSoviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 85-90.RussiaGeochronology
DS1994-0509
1994
Zarudneva, N.V.Fefelov, N.N., Kostrovitskiy, S.I., Zarudneva, N.V.Isotopic composition of lead and its use to date Siberian kimberlitesDoklady Academy of Sciences USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 321A, No. 9, January pp. 186-189.Russia, SiberiaGeochronology, Kimberlites
DS201702-0234
2016
Zarza-Lima, P.R.Presser, J.L.B., Farina-Dolsa, S., Larroza-Cristaldo, F.A., Rocca, M., Alonso, R.N., Acededo, R.D., Cabral-Antunez, N.D., Baller, L., Zarza-Lima, P.R., Sekatcheff, J.M.Modeled mega impact structures in Paraguay: II the eastern region. **PortBoletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Narural del Paraguay, Vol. 20, 2, pp. 205-213. pdf available in * PortSouth America, ParaguayImpact Crater

Abstract: We report here the discovery and study of several new modeled large impact craters in Eastern Paraguay, South America. They were studied by geophysical information (gravimetry, magnetism), field geology and also by microscopic petrography. Clear evidences of shock metamorphic effects were found (e.g., diaplectic glasses, PF, PDF in quartz and feldspar) at 4 of the modeled craters: 1) Negla: diameter:~80-81 km., 2) Yasuka Renda D:~96 km., 3) Tapyta, D: ~80 km. and 4) San Miguel, D: 130-136 km. 5) Curuguaty, D: ~110 km. was detected and studied only by geophysical information. Target-rocks range goes from the crystalline Archaic basement to Permian sediments. The modeled craters were in some cases cut by tholeiitic/alkaline rocks of Mesozoic age and partially covered by lavas of the basaltic Mesozoic flows (Negla, Yasuka Renda, Tapyta and Curuguaty). One of them was covered in part by sediments of Grupo Caacupé (age: Silurian/Devonian). Some of these modeled craters show gold, diamonds, uranium and REE mineral deposits associated. All new modeled large impact craters are partially to markedly eroded.
DS1990-1146
1990
Zashu, M.Ozima, M., Zashu, M., Tomura, K.Crustal origin of carbonado (diamond) noble gas evidenceEos, Vol. 71, No. 43, October 23, p. 1708 AbstractGlobalCarbonado, Diamond -noble gas
DS1983-0498
1983
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S., Nitoh, O.3 He 4he Ratio, Noble Gas Abundance and Potassium-argon Dating of Diamonds - an Attempt to Search for the Records of Early Terrestrial History.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ., Vol. 47, No. 12, DECEMBER PP. 2217-2224.GlobalGeochronology, Diamonds, Genesis, Helium
DS1984-0572
1984
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Takaoka, M., Nito, O., Zashu, S.Argon isotopic ratios and Potassium, Sodium and other trace element contents in Premier and Finsch mine diamonds contents in Premier and Finsch mine diamondsIn: Material Science of the Earth's interiors, Terra Science Publishing, pp. 375-386South AfricaDiamond Morphology, Geochronology, Isotope
DS1984-0573
1984
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S.Primitive 3He/4He ratio in terrestrial diamonds and its implication on the origin of noble gases in terrestrial planetsIn: Proceedings of the 27th. International Geological Congress held Moscow, August, Vol. 11, Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry pp. 219-232GlobalDiamond Morphology, Helium
DS1984-0790
1984
Zashu, S.Zashu, S., Ozina, M.An Attempt to Date Some of the Diamonds by K-ar Isochron Methods.Journal of Geography (japan), Vol. 93, No. 7, (866) PP. 116-121.Central Africa, ZaireDiamonds, Geochronology, Inclusions
DS1985-0509
1985
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S., Mattey, D.P., Pillinger, C.T.Helium, argon and carbon isotopic compositions in diamonds and theirapplications in mantle evolution.*JAPGeochem. Journal, *JAP, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 127-134GlobalDiamond Morphology
DS1985-0510
1985
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S., Mattey, D.P., Pillinger, C.T.Helium, Argon and Carbon Isotopic Compositions in Diamonds And Their Implications in Mantle Evolution.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 19, No. 3, PP. 127-134.GlobalGeochronology, Diamond Morphology
DS1986-0891
1986
Zashu, S.Zashu, S., Ozima, M., Hitoh, O.K-Ar isochron dating of Zaire cubic diamondsNature, Vol. 323, No. 6090 October 23, pp. 710-712Democratic Republic of CongoGeochronology
DS1986-0892
1986
Zashu, S.Zashu, S., Ozima, M., Nitoh, O.Potassium argon isochron dating of Zaire cubic diamondsNature, Vol. 323, No. 6090, pp. 71-712Democratic Republic of CongoDiamond, Geochronology
DS1989-1162
1989
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S., Boyd, S.R.Noble gas isotopic composition in coated diamonds:representative of The upper and lower mantle?Diamond Workshop, International Geological Congress, July 15-16th. editors, pp. 80-82. AbstractDemocratic Republic of CongoMantle, Geochronology
DS1989-1163
1989
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S., Takigami, Y., Turner, G.Origin of the anomalous Ar 40-Ar 39 age of Zaire cubic diamonds- excess Ar 40 in pristine mantle fluidsNature, Vol. 337, No. 6204, Jan. 19, pp. 226-229Democratic Republic of CongoMantle, Argon, Geochronology
DS1990-1147
1990
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Azuma, S., Zashu, S., Hiyagon, H.224 Pu Fissiogenic Xe in mantle21st. Lunar And Planetary Science Conference, March 12-16, Houston, March 16 presentationGlobalMantle, Xenon
DS1990-1472
1990
Zashu, S.Tomeoka, K., Ozima, M., Zashu, S., Sato, S., Yazu, S.X-ray micro-analysis of micro-inclusions in a Zaire coated diamond21st. Lunar And Planetary Science Conference, March 12-16, Houston, March 16 presentationDemocratic Republic of CongoDiamond morphology, X-ray microscopy
DS1991-1279
1991
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S.Noble gas state of the ancient mantle as deduced from noble gases in coateddiamondsEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 105, pp. 13-27GlobalDiamond morphology, Diamond inclusions
DS1991-1280
1991
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S.Radiation induced diamond (carbonado)- a possible mechanism for the origin of diamond in primitive meteoritesMeteoritics, Vol. 26, No. 4, December p. 389-390GlobalMeteorites, Carbonado
DS1991-1281
1991
Zashu, S.Ozima, M., Zashu, S., Tomura, K., Matushi, Y.Constraints from mobile gas contents on the origin of carbonado diamondsNature, Vol. 351, No. 6326, June 6, pp. 472-474GlobalDiamond inclusions, Carbonado -gas
DS1995-2121
1995
Zashu, S.Zashu, S., Hiyagon, H.Degassing mechanisms of noble gases from carbonado diamondsGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ., Vol. 59, No. 7, pp. 1321-1328.Central AfricaUbangi area, Carbonados
DS1982-0653
1982
Zatkhey, R.A.Zatkhey, R.A., Khmelevskiy, V.A.Ekaterinite of Yakutia KimberlitesMineral. Zhurn., No. 4, PT. 5, PP. 70-75.RussiaMineralogy
DS1984-0781
1984
Zatkhey, R.A.Yagnyshev, B.S., Yagnysheva, T.A., Khmelevskiy, V.A., Zatkhey, R.A.Mineral composition pecularities of the lower Paleozoic rocks around kimberlite bodies, west Yakutia.(Russian)Mineral. Zhurn., (Russian), Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 49-55RussiaBlank
DS1997-1292
1997
Zatman, S.Zatman, S., Bloxham, J.Torsional oscillations and the magnetic field within the Earth's coreNature, Vol. 388, Aug. 21, pp. 760-763.MantleGeophysics - magnetics
DS2001-1293
2001
Zatman, S.Zatman, S.Phase relations for high frequency core-mantle coupling and Earth's axial angular momentum budget.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 128, No. 1-4, Dec. 10, pp. 163-78.MantleCore-mantle
DS2001-1294
2001
Zatman, S.Zatman, S.Phase relations for high frequency core mantle coupling and the Earth's axial angular momentum budget.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 128, No. 1-4, pp. 163-78.MantleTectonics, Core mantle boundary
DS1998-0648
1998
Zatsev, A.Huh, Y., Tsoi, M.Y., Zatsev, A., Edmond, J.M.The fluvial geochemistry of the rivers of eastern Siberia: Tributaries of Lena River draining Sed....Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 62, No. 10, May pp. 1657-76.Russia, SiberiaSiberian Craton - sedimentary Platform, Geochemistry - Lena River
DS1993-1808
1993
Zaug, J.M.Zaug, J.M., Abramson, E.H., Brown, J.M., Slutsky, L.J.Second velocites in olivine at earth mantle pressuresScience, Vol. 260, No. 5113, June 4, pp. 1487-1488.MantleOlivine
DS1985-0765
1985
Zaulichn, J.V.Zhurakovskii, E.A., Trefilov, V.I., Zaulichn, J.V., Savvakin, G.I.Electron energy spectrum pecularities in ultradispersive diamonds obtained from extremely nonequilibrium carbon plasma.(in Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Nauk USSR, (Russian), Vol. 284, No. 6, pp. 1360-1365RussiaGenesis, Diamond Morphology
DS1985-0766
1985
Zaulichnyi, YA.V.Zhurakovskii, E.A., Zaulichnyi, YA.V.X-ray Quantum Yield Spectra in the Region of the Carbon absorption K Edge and Carbon Emission K Spectra of Graphite,lonsdaleite and Diamond.(russian)Fiz. Tverd. Tela, (Russian), Vol. 27, No. 11, pp. 3452-3455RussiaDiamond Morphology
DS1994-1021
1994
ZaunscherbLee, ZaunscherbDiamond exploration and production..Lee, Zaunscherb Mineral Resource INdustry Research, 3p.Colorado, Northwest Territories, Botswana, ZimbabweNews item -research report, Redaurum
DS201112-1154
2011
Zavada, P.Zavada, P., Dedecek, P., Mach, K., Lexa, O., Potuzak, M.Emplacement dynamics of phonolite magma into maar-diatreme structures - correlation of field, thermal modeling and AMS analogue modeling data.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 201, 1-4, pp. 210-226.EuropeGeodynamics - not specific to diamonds
DS202110-1609
2021
Zaveri, V.Dasari, V., Sharma, A., Marvillet, E., Singh, P., Rudashevsky, V., Alikin, O., Zaveri, V.Liberation of emeralds from micaeous host rocks using electric-pulse dissaggregation vs conventional processing.Journal of Gemmology, Vol. 37, 7, pp. 716-724.Globalemeralds

Abstract: In ore processing, electric-pulse disaggregation (EPD) is used for the liberation of mineral crystals from host rocks. Since 2019, EPD technology has been used exclusively to recover emeralds produced from the Kagem mine in Zambia. This article compares the differences in the recovery of emeralds from micaceous schist host rock at the Kagem mine by EPD technology versus the conventional hand-cobbing method. The amount of emeralds obtained using both methods was similar, but EPD had numerous advantages in terms of liberation speed, ease of performing the process and the characteristics of the liberated emeralds.
DS1984-0699
1984
Zavialova, L.L.Solovieva, L.V., Vladimirov, B.M., Zavialova, L.L., Barankevich.Deep Seated Inclusions of the Complex Type from the Udachnaia Kimberlite Pipe.Doklady Academy of Sciences AKAD. NAUK SSSR., Vol. 277, No. 2, PP. 461-466.RussiaBlank
DS1991-1632
1991
Zavjalova, L.L.Solovjeva, L.V., Zavjalova, L.L.Layered structure of the upper mantle beneath the Siberian platform:petrological and geophysical dataProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 562-563RussiaXenoliths, Geophysics
DS1990-0993
1990
Zavodni, Z.M.Martin, D.C., Zavodni, Z.M.Use of percussion drilling information for pit slope designAmerican Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) Preprint, No. 90-128, 9pGlobalMining, Drilling -pit slope design
DS1991-1909
1991
Zavyalov, L.L.Yegorov, K.N., Bogdanov, G.V., Zavyalov, L.L.New dat a on the kimberlite composition of the Zagadochnaya pipe(Yakut).(Russian)Izvest. Akad. Nauk SSS, Geol., (Russian), No. 11, November pp. 98-108Russia, YakutiaKimberlite, Zagadochnaya mineralogy
DS1986-0773
1986
Zavyalova, L.L.Solovyeva, L.V., Vladimirov, B.M., Zavyalova, L.L., Barankevich, V.V.Complex deep seated inclusions from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipeDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 277, March pp. 77-82RussiaYakutia, Analyses
DS1988-0654
1988
Zavyalova, L.L.Solovyeva, L.V., Barankevich, V.G., Zavyalova, L.L., Lipskaya, V.I.Metasomatic alterations in ferromagnesian eclogite from the UdachnayapipeDokl. Acad. Sciences USSR Earth Science Section, Vol. 303, No. 6, pp. 107-110RussiaEclogite, Alteration
DS201603-0390
2016
Zaw, K.Kanouo, N.S., Ekomane, E., Yongue, R.F., Njonfang, E., Zaw, K., Changian, M., Ghogomu, T.R., Lentz, D.R., Venkatesh, A.S.Trace elements in corundum, chrysoberyl, and zircon: application to mineral exploration and provenance study of the western Mamfe gem clastic deposits ( SW Cameroon, Central Africa).Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 113, pp. 35-50.Africa, CameroonGeochemistry

Abstract: Trace element abundances in three indicator minerals (corundum, chrysoberyl, and zircon grains) from the western Mamfe gem placers, as determined by LA-ICP-MS analytical techniques, are shown to be sensitive to their crystallization conditions and source rock types. Corundum is dominantly composed of Al (standardized at 529,300 ppm), Fe (2496-12,899 ppm), and Ti (46-7070 ppm). Among element ratios, Fe/Mg (73-1107), Fe/Ti (0.5-245.0), Ti/Mg (1-175), and Ga/Mg (4-90) are generally higher whereas, Cr/Ga (<0.072) is low. The Fe (?12,899), Ga (?398), Mg (2-62), Cr (1.1-33.0), and V (3.0-93.0) contents (in ppm) mostly typify corundum grains formed in magmatic rocks, although some are metamorphic affiliated. A very higher Ti and significantly low Ga, Ta and Nb contents in some blue grains, suggest interesting concentrations of those high-tech metals in their source rocks. Chrysoberyl is dominantly composed of Al (standardized at 425,000 ppm) and Be (62701-64371 ppm). Iron (7605-9225 ppm), Sn (502-3394 ppm), and Ti (33-2251 ppm) contents are high, whereas Ga (333-608 ppm), Ta (<456.0 ppm), and Nb (<3.0 ppm) are significantly low. The high (Be and Sn) and significantly low Ga-Rb abundances, and Ta > Nb in the western Mamfe chrysoberyls show that they were crystallized in granitic pegmatites, with some of those source rocks being enriched in Ta and Sn. Zirconium oxide (ZrO2: standardized at 66.1 wt.%)) is the only major oxide in analysed coarse-grained zircons. Within the minor elementary suites: Hf (4576-12,565 ppm) and Y (48-2805 ppm) contents are significantly high. The trace element suites include: Th (7-1565 ppm), U (13-687 ppm), and ?REE (50-2161 ppm), whose values are significantly low. The (Yb/Sm)N, Ce/Ce*, and Eu/Eu* anomalies range from 1.0 to 227.0, 0 to 308, and 0.08 to 1.7 respectively. They are Hf-Y-HREE enriched and depleted zircons mainly crystallized in magmatic oxidized environments. They were mainly sorted from granitoids, syenites and kimberlites.
DS202201-0033
2021
Zaw, K.Pjyu, K.M., Zaw, K., Mernagh, T.P., Aung, T.Z.Characteristics and genesis of sapphires from the Yenya-U area, Thabeikkyin Township, Mandalay region, Myanmar.Journal of Gemmology, Vol. 37, 8, pp. 802-815.Asia, Myanmarsapphires
DS1991-1560
1991
Zayachkov, A.A.Shatskiy, V.S., Sobolev, N.V., Zayachkov, A.A., Zorin, Y.M.A new manifestation of micro-diamonds in metamorphic rocks as an evidence of the regional character of high-pressure metamorphism in KokchetavMassif.(in Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 321, No. 1, pp. 189-193. # HB124RussiaMicrodiamonds, Metamorphic rocks
DS200512-0622
2004
Zayachkovski, A.A.Letnikov, F.A., Kostitsyn, Yu.A., Vladykin, N.V., Zayachkovski, A.A., Mishina, E.I.Isotopic characteristics of the Krasnyi Mai ultramafic alkaline rock complex.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 399A, 9, Nov-Dec. pp. 1315-1319.RussiaAlkalic
DS1981-0393
1981
Zayachkovskiy, A.A.Spetsius, Z.V., Zayachkovskiy, A.A., Gorokhov, S.S.Discovery of a Diamond Dniester Type in Eclogite Xenoliths with Some placers.Mineral. Sbornik L'vov, Vol. 35, No. 1, PP. 71-73.RussiaBlank
DS200412-1871
2003
ZayachkovskySobolev, N.V., Shatsky, V.S., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Hwang, Shen, Chu, Yui, Zayachkovsky, KasymovAn origin of microdiamonds in metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. US Russian civilian research andEpisodes, December, pp. 290-294.Russia, KazakhstanGenesis - microdiamonds
DS200512-0455
2004
ZayachkovskyHwang, S.L., Shen, P., Chu, H-T., Yui, T-F, Liou, J.G., Sobolev, N.V., Zhang, R-Y., Shatsky, V.S., ZayachkovskyKokchetavite: a new potassium feldspar polymorph from the Kokchetav ultrahigh pressure terrane.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 148, 3, pp. 380-RussiaUHP
DS1991-1561
1991
Zayachkovsky, A.A.Shatsky, V.S., Sobolev, N.V., Zayachkovsky, A.A., Zorin, Y.M., Vavtlov, M.A.New occurrence of microdiamonds in metamorphic rocks as a proof forDoklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 321, pp. 189-193.Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)Microdiamonds, Metamorphic rocks
DS200612-0336
2006
Zayachkovsky, A.A.Dobretsov, N.I., Buslov, M.M., Zhimulev, F.I., Travin, A.V., Zayachkovsky, A.A.Vendian Early Ordovician geodynamic evolution and model for exhumation of ultrahigh and high pressure rocks from the Kokchetav subduction collision zone.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 47, 4, pp. 424-440.Russia, KazakhstanUHP
DS200612-1273
2006
Zayachkowsky, A.A.Shatsky, V.S., Sitnikova, E.S., Kozmenko, O.A., Palessky, S.V., Nikolaeva, I.V., Zayachkowsky, A.A.Behaviour of incompatible elements during ultrahigh pressure metamorphism. Kokchetav MassifRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 47, 4, pp. 482-496.Russia, KazakhstanUHP - geochemistry
DS2002-0891
2002
Zayachokovosky, A.A.Korsakov, A.V., Shatsky, V.S., Sobolev, N.V., Zayachokovosky, A.A.Garnet biotite clinozoisite gneiss: a new type of Diamondiferous metamorphic rock from the Kokchetav Massif.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 14, 5, pp. 915-28.RussiaDiamond genesis
DS202102-0238
2020
Zayakina, N.Zayakina, N., Ugapeva, S., Oleinikov, O.Rare hydrated magnesium carbonate minerals of the kimberlite pipe Obnazhennaya, the Yakutian kimberlite province.6th World Multidisciplenary Earth Sciences Symposium IOP Publ., 9p. PdfRussiadeposit - Obnazhennaya

Abstract: The first discovery of hydrated magnesium carbonates, dypingite and nesquehonite, in the kimberlite pipe Obnazhennaya of the Kuoyka field, the Yakutian kimberlite province is described. The pipe is composed of kimberlite breccia with abundant diverse xenoliths of practically intact mantle rocks. Olivine in phenocrysts and mantle rock is generally intact. The main body of the rock is carbonate-serpentine. Nesquehonite and dypingite are rare minerals and have first been observed in relation to kimberlites. The minerals were found in the bedrock outcrop of the Obnazhennaya pipe as white crusts up to 5 mm thick scattered over an area of a few tens of square meters. To identify and study the crusts we used the following methods: powder X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and Raman scattering spectroscopy. A comprehensive study suggests that the main minerals of these epigenetic formations are hydrated carbonates: nesquehonite MgCO3squ3H2O and dypingite Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2squ5H2O. Also, Raman scattering spectroscopy revealed a small proportion of hydromagnesite Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2squ4H2O. Hydrated magnesium carbonate minerals we found make a significant contribution to the collection of kimberlites. They are epigenetic in nature, with their origin being related to weathering of silicates, in particular serpentine. Mechanisms of carbonate formation appear to be close to that suggested by Wilson et. al., 2009, with CO2 being trapped from the atmosphere to form nesquehonite. In the case of the Obnazhennaya pipe, mineral solutions form when rainwater filters through the talus at the top of the outcrop. They are enriched in Mg from minerals and trap CO2 from the atmosphere. After filtering, solutions reach the vertical wall of kimberlite breccia where modern precipitation of nesquehonite upon evaporation occurs. Further, dypingite and hydromagnesite form via decomposition of nesquehonite. A lip extending over the rock wall significantly contributes to the development and stability of nesquehonite and dypingite aggregates. Crusts of nesquehonite and dypingite are not found on rock outcrops without lips at the top. Thus, despite the fact that intrusion of the kimberlite pipe occurred during the Jurassic (Zaitsev, Smelov, 2010), formation of nesquehonite and dypingite in association with kimberlite rocks continues in the modern time due to favorable environmental factors, first of all, a unique natural outcrop of kimberlite.
DS1983-0434
1983
Zayakina, N.V.Marshintsev, V.K., Zayakina, N.V., Leskova, N.V.New Find of Cubic Silicon Carbide, As Inclusions in Moissanite from Kimberlitic Rocks.Doklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section., Vol. 262, No. 1-6, PP. 163-166.RussiaMineralogy
DS1993-0187
1993
Zayakina, N.V.Bulanova, G.P., Zayakina, N.V.A graphite cohenite iron mineral association in the core of a diamond From the Twenty Third Soviet Communist Party Congress PipeDoklady Academy of Sciences USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 317 A February Publishing date pp. 126-130Russia, YakutiaMineral inclusion, Deposit -Twenty Third
DS1995-1071
1995
Zayakina, N.V.Lazebik, K.A., Zayakina, N.V., Makhotko, V.F.A new thorium silicate from carbonatites at the Sirenevyy Kaman charoititedeposit.Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 336, No. 4, Nov., pp. 97-101.Russia, YakutiaAlkaline rocks, Carbonatite -charoite
DS201602-0249
2015
Zayakina, N.V.Zayakina, N.V., Oleinikov, O.B., Vasileva, T.I., Oparin, N.A.Coalingite from kimberlite breccia of the Manchary pipe, central Yakutia.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 57, 8, pp. 732-736.Russia, YakutiaDeposit - Manchary

Abstract: Coalingite, Mg10Fe2(CO3)(OH)24 • 2H2O, rare Mg -Fe hydrous carbonate, has been found in the course of the mineralogical study of a disintegrated kimberlite breccia from the Manchary pipe of the Khompu -May field located in the Tamma Basin, Central Yakutia, 100 km south of Yakutsk. Coalingite occurs as small reddish brown platelets, up to 0.2 mm in size. It is associated with lizardite, chrysotile and brucite, which are typical kimberlitic assemblage. Coalingite is a supergene mineral, but in this case, it is produced by the interaction of brucite-bearing kimberlite and underground water circulating through a vertical or oblique fault zone.
DS1988-0240
1988
Zayhowski, J.J.Geis, M.W., Rathman, D.D., Zayhowski, J.J., Smythe, D.L., SmithHomoepitaxial semiconducting diamondNational Technical Information Service AD-A202 349/7, 5p. $ A02 $ 10.95GlobalElectrical characteristics, Diamond
DS1991-0194
1991
Zayskina, N.V.Bulanova, G.P., Zayskina, N.V.The graphite cohenite native iron association in the central part of adiamond from the '23 Party Congress Pipe.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 317, No. 3, pp. 706-710RussiaMineralogy, Diamond inclusion
DS1981-0440
1981
Zaytsev, A.I.Zaytsev, A.I., Nikishov, K.N., et al.Isotopic Composition of Rubidium and Strontium in Xenoliths of Ultrabasic Rocks of Udachnaya Kimberlite Pipes.Izvest. Akad. Nauk Sssr, Geol. Ser., No. 4, PP. 28-36.RussiaGeochronology
DS1982-0654
1982
Zaytsev, A.I.Zaytsev, A.I., Nikishov, K.N., et al.Rubidium and Strontium Isotope Composition of Xenoliths of Ultrabasic Rocks from the Udachnaya Kimberlite Pipe.International Geology Review, Vol. 24, No. 5, PP. 559-566.RussiaBlank
DS1985-0762
1985
Zaytsev, A.I.Zaytsev, A.I., Nenashev, N.I., Nikishov, K.N.Evolution of the isotope composition of strontium in the kimberlite Rocks of Yakutia.(Russian)In: Petrologic and Geochemical Features of the Plutonic Evolution of, pp. 13-37.(Russian)RussiaBlank
DS1986-0893
1986
Zaytseva, T.M.Zaytseva, T.M., Gurkina, G.A.The nature of grey smoky and brown colour of diamond crystals.(Russian)Mineral. Zhurn., (Russian), Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 48-52RussiaDiamond, Morphology
DS1989-1677
1989
Zaytseva, T.M.Zaytseva, T.M., Konstantinova, A.F.Anisotropy of optical properties of natural diamonds. (Russian)Mineral. Zhurnal., (Russian), Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 68-73RussiaDiamond morphology, Luminescence
DS1985-0549
1985
Zazhardova, V.R.Prokopchuk, B.I., Argunov, K.P., Boris, Y.I., Zazhardova, V.R.Seperation of Diamonds in Placer Deposits. (russian)Soviet Geology, (Russian), No. 3, pp. 43-57RussiaPlacers
DS201112-1155
2011
Zbrozek, M.C.Zbrozek, M.C., Gonzales, D.A.Insight into the volatile histories of magmas of the Navajo volcanic field using oxygen and carbon isotopes.Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, Oct. 9-12, abstractUnited States, New Mexico, Colorado PlateauCarbonatite, Katungites, minettes
DS2001-1295
2001
Zdanowicz, C.Zdanowicz, C., Fisher, D., Clark, I., Lacelle, D.Ice marginal studies on Barnes Ice Cap, Baffin Island: clues to the history of the Laurentide ice sheet.29th. Yellowknife Geoscience Forum, Nov. 21-23, abstract p. 97.Northwest Territories, Baffin IslandGeomorphology
DS201708-1795
2017
Zdislav, S.Zdislav, S.Petrogenetic evidence and FTIR dat a constraints on the origin of diamonds in xenoliths from Yubileynaya and Komsomolskaya pipes, Yakutia.11th. International Kimberlite Conference, PosterRussiadeposit - Jubileynaya, Komsomolskaya
DS201708-1796
2017
Zdislav, S.Zdislav, S.Oxygen isotopes of garnets in Diamondiferous eclogites from the Udachnaya pipe, Yakutia: evidence for their origin.11th. International Kimberlite Conference, PosterRussiadeposit - Udachnaya
DS201806-1212
2018
Zdrokov, E.V.Bataleva, Yu.V., Palyanov, Yu.N., Borzdov, Yu.N., Zdrokov, E.V., Novoselov, I.D., Sobolev, N.V.Formation of the Fe, Mg-silicates, FeO, and graphite ( diamond) assemblage as a result of cohenite oxidation under lithospheric mantle conditions.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 479, 1, pp. 335-338.Mantlegraphite

Abstract: Experimental studies in the Fe3C-SiO2-MgO system (P = 6.3 GPa, T = 1100-1500°C, t = 20-40 h) have been carried out. It has been established that carbide-oxide interaction resulted in the formation of Fe-orthopyroxene, graphite, wustite, and cohenite (1100 and 1200°C), as well as a Fe-C-O melt (1300-1500°C). The main processes occurring in the system at 1100 and 1200°C are the oxidation of cohenite, the extraction of carbon from carbide, and the crystallization of metastable graphite, as well as the formation of ferrosilicates. At T ? 1300°C, graphite crystallization and diamond growth occur as a result of the redox interaction of a predominantly metallic melt (Fe-C-O) with oxides and silicates. The carbide-oxide interaction studied can be considered as the basis for modeling a number of carbon-producing processes in the lithospheric mantle at fO2 values near the iron-wustite buffer.
DS201412-0492
2014
Ze, L.Kusky, T.M., Li, X., Wang, Z., Fu, J., Ze, L., Zhu, P.Are Wilson cycles preserved in Archean cratons? A comparison of the North Chin and Slave cratons.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 51, 3, pp. 297-311.China, Canada, Northwest TerritoriesWilson cycle
DS1910-0230
1911
Zealley, A.E.V.Zealley, A.E.V.The Somabula GravelsGeological Survey Southern Rhodesia., Report, P. 51.ZimbabweAlluvial Diamond Placers
DS1910-0548
1917
Zealley, A.E.V.Zealley, A.E.V.Notes on the Kimberlite Pipes of RhodesiaGeological Survey Southern Rhodesia., UNPUBL.ZimbabwePetrology, Kimberlite Mines And Deposits
DS1992-0448
1992
Zebker, H.A.Evans, D.L., Farr, T.G., Zebker, H.A., et al.Radar interferometry studies of the earth's topographyEos, Vol. 73, No. 52, December 29, pp. 553, 557, 558GlobalRadar imaging, Interferometry
DS1997-1293
1997
Zebrowski, E.Zebrowski, E.Perils of a restless planetCambridge University of Press, 320p. $ 25.00GlobalBook - ad, Natural disasters
DS1983-0402
1983
Zecchini, P.Leung, C.S., Merigoux, H., Poirot, J.P., Zecchini, P.Identification of precious stones and synthesis by infraredspectroscopy.(in French)Revue de Gemmologie, (in French), Vol. 75, pp. 14-15GlobalSpectroscopy
DS1989-0950
1989
Zecchini, P.Martin, F., Merigoux, H., Zecchini, P.Reflectance infrared spectroscopy in gemologyGems and Gemology, Vol. 25, No. 4, Winter pp. 226-231GlobalSpectroscopy, Mineral species -general
DS1997-1294
1997
Zeck, H.P.Zeck, H.P.Mantle peridotite outlining the Gibralter Arc - centrifugal extensionalallochthons derived from AlpineTectonophysics, Vol. 281, No. 3-4, Nov. 30, pp. 195-208.EuropeSubduction, Nappe pile
DS200812-1122
2008
Zedgenisov, D.A.A.A.Stepanov, A.A.S.A., Shatsky, V.A.S.A., Zedgenisov, D.A.A.A., Ragozin, A.A.L.A.Chemical heterogeneity in the Diamondiferous eclogite xenolith from the Udachanya pipe.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 419, 2, pp. 308-311.RussiaPetrology - Udachnaya
DS1998-1329
1998
ZedgenizovShatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, Yefimova, Rylov, De CorteA comparison of morphology and physical properties of microdiamonds From the mantle and crustal environments7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 797-9.Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology - microdiamonds, Deposit - Udachanya, Sytykanskaya
DS1999-0656
1999
ZedgenizovShatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, Yefimova, Rylov, De CorteA comparison of morphology and physical properties of microdiamonds from the mantle and crustal environments.7th International Kimberlite Conference Nixon, Vol. 2, pp. 757-63.Russia, Kokchatav Massif, Australia, WesternMicro diamonds, metamorphic rocks, Deposit - Udachnaya, Sytykanskaya
DS201112-0640
2011
ZedgenizovMalkovets, V.G., Zedgenizov, Sobolev, Kuzmin, Gibsher, Shchukina, Golovin, Verichev, PokhilenkoContents of trace elements in olivines from diamonds and peridotite xenoliths of the V.Grib kimberlite pipe ( Arkhangel'sk Diamondiferous province, Russia).Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 436, 2, pp. 301-307.RussiaDeposit - Grib
DS200612-0501
2006
Zedgenizov, D.Griffin, W.L., Rege, S., O'Reilly, S.Y., Jackson, S.E., Pearson, N.J., Zedgenizov, D., Kurat, G.Trace element patterns of diamond: toward a unified genetic model.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 218. abstract only.TechnologyDiamond genesis geochemistry
DS200812-1048
2008
Zedgenizov, D.Shatsky, V., Ragozin, A., Zedgenizov, D., Mityukhin, S.Evidence for multistage evolution in a xenolith of diamond bearing eclogite from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe.Lithos, Vol. 105, 3-4, pp. 289-300.Russia, YakutiaDeposit - Udachnaya - distribution of diamonds
DS200912-0349
2008
Zedgenizov, D.Kagi, H., Odake, S., Zedgenizov, D.Depth of diamonds formation: a novel spectroscopic approach to the 3-D mapping of stress patterns.American Geological Union, Fall meeting Dec. 15-19, Eos Trans. Vol. 89, no. 53, meeting supplement, 1p. abstractMantleUHP
DS201012-0617
2010
Zedgenizov, D.Rege, S., Griffin, W.L., Pearson, A.J., Araujo, D., Zedgenizov, D., O'Reilly, S.Y.Trace element patterns of fibrous and monocrystalline diamonds: insights into mantle fluids.Lithos, Vol. 118, pp. 313-337.TechnologyDiamond genesis, morphology
DS201412-0436
2014
Zedgenizov, D.Kagi, H., Ishibashi, H., Zedgenizov, D., Shatsky, V., Ragozin, A.Growth condition of super-deep diamonds inferred from carbon isotopic compositions and chemical compositions of nano-inclusions.Goldschmidt Conference 2014, 1p. AbstractMantleMineral chemistry
DS201412-0469
2014
Zedgenizov, D.Kolesnichenko, M., Zedgenizov, D., Ragozin, A., Litasov, K.Water content in olivines of mantle xenoliths from Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, Yakutia.V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences International Symposium Advances in high pressure research: breaking scales and horizons ( Courtesy of N. Poikilenko), Held Sept. 22-26, 2p. AbstractRussia, YakutiaDeposit - Udachnaya
DS201412-1022
2014
Zedgenizov, D.Zedgenizov, D., Kagi, H., Shatsky, V.The deep carbon cycle: new evidence from superdeep diamonds.V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences International Symposium Advances in high pressure research: breaking scales and horizons ( Courtesy of N. Poikilenko), Held Sept. 22-26, 2p. AbstractSouth America, BrazilDeposit - Sao-Luis alluvials
DS201603-0435
2016
Zedgenizov, D.Zedgenizov, D., Rubatto, D., Shatsky, V., Ragozin, A., Kalinina, V.Eclogitic diamonds from variable crustal protoliths in the northeastern Siberian Craton: trace elements and coupled Delta13C-delta 180 signatures in diamonds and garnet inclusions.Chemical Geology, Vol. 422, pp. 46-59.RussiaGeochronology
DS201612-2338
2016
Zedgenizov, D.Skuzovatov, S., Zedgenizov, D., Howell, D., Griffin, W.L.Various growth environments of cloudy diamonds from Malobotuobia kimberlite field ( Siberian craton).Lithos, Vol. 265, pp. 96-107.Russia, SiberiaDeposit - Malobotuobia

Abstract: Microinclusions of high-density fluids (HDF's) occur in cloudy diamonds from the Mir and Internatsionalnaya kimberlite pipes (Malobotuobia kimberlite field, Siberian platform). These HDFs are of typical high-Mg carbonatitic composition; a few diamonds contain microinclusions that define a low-Mg carbonatitic to silicic trend. The observed variations are interpreted as resulted from mixing of two contrasting fluids derived from the partial melting mainly of carbonated peridotite (the high-Mg carbonatitic HDFs) and eclogite (silica-rich HDFs and HDFs with high Ca/(Ca + Mg + Fe)). Immiscibility of carbonatitic and silica-rich fluids provides a possible mechanism for the co-existence of the observed HDFs but needs further proof. The uniform carbon isotope composition of cloudy diamonds with high-Mg carbonatitic microinclusions from both kimberlite pipes implies a single peridotitic source.
DS201808-1781
2017
Zedgenizov, D.Ragozin, A., Zedgenizov, D., Kuper, K., Palyanov, Y.Specific internal structure of diamonds from Zarnitsa kimberlite pipe.Crystals, Vol. 7, 5, pp. 133-Russiadeposit - Zarnitsa

Abstract: The Zarnitsa kimberlite pipe is one of the largest pipes of the Yakutian diamondiferous province. Currently, some limited published data exists on the diamonds from this deposit. Among the diamond population of this pipe there is a specific series of dark gray to black diamonds with transition morphologies between octahedron and rounded rhombic dodecahedron. These diamonds have specific zonal and sectorial mosaic-block internal structures. The inner parts of these crystals have polycrystalline structure with significant misorientations between sub-individuals. The high consistency of the mechanical admixtures (inclusions) in the diamonds cores can cause a high grid stress of the crystal structure and promote the block (polycrystalline) structure of the core components. These diamond crystals have subsequently been formed due to crystallization of bigger sub-individuals on the polycrystalline cores according to the geometric selection law.
DS201901-0059
2017
Zedgenizov, D.Ragozin, A., Zedgenizov, D., Kuper, K., Kalimina, V., Zemnukhov, A.The internal structure of yellow cuboid diamonds from alluvial placers of the northeastern Siberian platform.Crystals MDPI, Vol. 7, 8, 13p. Doi.org/10. 3390/cryst7080238Russiadiamond morphology

Abstract: Yellow cuboid diamonds are commonly found in diamondiferous alluvial placers of the Northeastern Siberian platform. The internal structure of these diamonds have been studied by optical microscopy, X-Ray topography (XRT) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. Most of these crystals have typical resorption features and do not preserve primary growth morphology. The resorption leads to an evolution from an originally cubic shape to a rounded tetrahexahedroid. Specific fibrous or columnar internal structure of yellow cuboid diamonds has been revealed. Most of them are strongly deformed. Misorientations of the crystal lattice, found in the samples, may be caused by strains from their fibrous growth or/and post-growth plastic deformation.
DS201904-0802
2017
Zedgenizov, D.Zedgenizov, D., Reutsky, V., Wiedenbeck, M.The carbon and nitrogen isotope characteristics of Type Ib-IaA cuboid diamonds from alluvial placers in the northeastern Siberian platform. MDPI Minerals, 14p. PdfRussiadiamond morphology

Abstract: Cuboid diamonds are particularly common in the placers of the northeastern Siberian platform, but their origin remains unclear. These crystals usually range in color from dark yellow to orange and, more interestingly, are characterized by unusual low aggregated nitrogen impurities (non-aggregated C-center), suggesting a short residence time and/or low temperatures at which they have been stored in the mantle. In order to track possible isotopic signature that could help deciphering cuboid diamond’s crystallization processes, ?¹³C values, ?¹?N values, and nitrogen concentrations have been determined in situ in three samples using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), whereas nitrogen aggregation states have been determined by FTIR spectroscopy. The samples fall out of the ?¹³C vs. ?¹?N field of canonical mantle composition. Different scales of carbon and nitrogen fractionation may produce the observed variations. Alternatively, mixing mantle and crustal material would obscure initial co-variations of ?¹³C values with ?¹?N or nitrogen content.
DS201908-1789
2019
Zedgenizov, D.Logvinova, A., Zedgenizov, D., Wirth, R.Specific multiphase assemblages of carbonatitic and Al rich silicic diamond forming fluid/melts: TEM observation of microinclusions in cuboid diamonds from the placers of northeastern Siberian craton.Minerals, Vol. 9, 11p.Russia, Siberiadeposit - Ebelyakh

Abstract: The microinclusions in cuboid diamonds from Ebelyakh River deposits (northeastern Siberian craton) have been investigated by FIB/TEM techniques. It was found that these microinclusions have multiphase associations, containing silicates, oxides, carbonates, halides, sulfides, graphite, and fluid phases. The bulk chemical composition of the microinclusions indicates two contrasting growth media: Mg-rich carbonatitic and Al-rich silicic. Each media has their own specific set of daughter phases. Carbonatitic microinclusions are characterized by the presence of dolomite, phlogopite, apatite, Mg, Fe-oxide, KCl, rutile, magnetite, Fe-sulfides, and hydrous fluid phases. Silicic microinclusions are composed mainly of free SiO2 phase (quartz), high-Si mica (phengite), Al-silicate (paragonite), F-apatite, Ca-carbonates enriched with Sr and Ba, Fe-sulfides, and hydrous fluid phases. These associations resulted from the cooling of diamond-forming carbonatitic and silicic fluids/melts preserved in microinclusions in cuboid diamonds during their ascent to the surface. The observed compositional variations indicate different origins and evolutions of these fluids/melts.
DS201908-1813
2019
Zedgenizov, D.Shatsky, V., Zedgenizov, D., Ragozin, A., Kalinina, V.Silicate melt inclusions in diamonds of eclogite paragenesis from placers on the northeastern Siberian craton.Minerals, Vol. 9, 7, pp. 412 ( 11p)Russia, Siberiadeposit - Kholomolokh

Abstract: New findings of silicate-melt inclusions in two alluvial diamonds (from the Kholomolokh placer, northeastern Siberian Platform) are reported. Both diamonds exhibit a high degree of N aggregation state (60-70% B) suggesting their long residence in the mantle. Raman spectral analysis revealed that the composite inclusions consist of clinopyroxene and silicate glass. Hopper crystals of clinopyroxene were observed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopic analyses; these are different in composition from the omphacite inclusions that co-exist in the same diamonds. The glasses in these inclusions contain relatively high SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O and, K2O. These composite inclusions are primary melt that partially crystallised at the cooling stage. Hopper crystals of clinopyroxene imply rapid cooling rates, likely related to the uplift of crystals in the kimberlite melt. The reconstructed composition of such primary melts suggests that they were formed as the product of metasomatised mantle. One of the most likely source of melts/fluids metasomatising the mantle could be a subducted slab.
DS201910-2311
2019
Zedgenizov, D.Zedgenizov, D., Kagi, H., Ohtani, E., Tsujimori, T., Komatsu, K.Inclusions of (Mg,Fe)Si03 in superdeep diamonds - former bridgmanite?Goldschmidt2019, 1p. AbstractMantlediamond inclusions

Abstract: Bridgmanite (Mg,Fe)SiO3, a high pressure silicate with a perovskite structure, is dominant material in the Lower Mantle and therefore is probably the most abundant mineral in the Earth. One single-phase and two composite inclusions of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 coexisting with jeffbenite ((Mg,Fe)3Al2Si3O12), and with jeffbenite and olivine ((Mg,Fe)2SiO4) have been analyzed to identify retrograde phases of former bridgmanite in diamonds from Juina (Brazil). XRD and Raman spectroscopy have revealed that (Mg,Fe)SiO3 inclusions are orthopyroxene at ambient conditions. XRD patterns of these inclusions indicate that they consist of polycrystals. This polycrystalline textures together with high lattice strain of host diamond around these inclusions observed from EBSD may be an evidence for the retrograde phase transition of former bridgmanite. Single-phase inclusions of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 in superdeep diamonds are suggested to represent a retrograde phase of bridgmanite and fully inherit its initial chemical composition, including a high Al and low Ni contents [1,2]. The composite inclusions of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 with jeffbenite and other silicate and oxide phases may be interpreted as exsolution products from originally homogeneous bridgmanite [3]. The bulk compositions of these inclusions are rich in Al, Ti, and Fe which are similar to bridgmanite produced in experiments on the MORB composition. However, the retrograde origin of composite inclusions due to decomposition of Al-rich bridgmanite may be doubtful because each of observed phases may represent single-phase inclusions, i.e. bridgmanite and high pressure garnet (majoritic garnet), with similar compositional features.
DS201911-2556
2019
Zedgenizov, D.Ragozin, A., Zedgenizov, D., Kagi, H., Kuper, K.E., Shatsky, V.Deformation features of superdeep diamonds.Goldschmidt2019, 1p. AbstractSouth America, Brazil, Russia, Siberiadeposit - Juina

Abstract: Much of our knowledge of the Earth’s deep interior comes from theoretical models, which are based on the results of experimental petrology and seismology. Diamonds in such models are the unique natural samples because they contain and preserve inclusions of mantle materials that have been entrapped during diamond growth and remained unchanged for long geologic time. In the present study for superdeep sublithospheric diamonds from Saõ-Luiz (Juina, Brazil) and northeastern Siberian Platform with mineral inclusions of the Transition Zone and Lower Mantle (majorite garnet, coesite (stishovite), ferropericlase and Mg-Si-, Ca-Si-, Ca-Ti, Ca-Si- Ti-perovskite), the diffraction of backscattered electrons technique (EBSD) revealed features of the internal structure. Superdeep diamonds are characterized by a defective and imperfect internal structure, which is associated with the processes of growth and post-growth plastic deformation. The deformation is manifested both in the form of stripes parallel to the (111) direction, and in the form of an unordered disorientation of crystal blocks up to 2°. In addition, for many crystals, a block structure was established with a greater disorientation of the sub-individuals, as well as the presence of “diamond-in-diamond” inclusions and microtwins. Additional stresses are often observed around inclusions associated with the high remaining internal pressure. It has previously been shown that the crystal structure of superdeep diamonds is significantly deformed around inclusions of perovskites, SiO2 (stishovite?), and Mg2SiO4 (ringwoodite?). The significant plastic deformations detected by the EBSD around inclusions testify to phase transitions in superdeep minerals (perovskites, stishovite, and ringwoodite) [1].
DS202004-0549
2020
Zedgenizov, D.Zedgenizov, D., Bogush, I., Shatsky, V., Kovalchuk, O., Ragozin, A., Kalinina, V.Mixed habit type Ib-IaA diamond from an Udachnaya eclogite.Minerals MDPI, Vol. 9, 9120741, 12p. PdfRussiadeposit - Udachnaya

Abstract: The variety of morphology and properties of natural diamonds reflects variations in the conditions of their formation in different mantle environments. This study presents new data on the distribution of impurity centers in diamond type Ib-IaA from xenolith of bimineral eclogite from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe. The high content of non-aggregated nitrogen C defects in the studied diamonds indicates their formation shortly before the stage of transportation to the surface by the kimberlite melt. The observed sectorial heterogeneity of the distribution of C- and A-defects indicates that aggregation of nitrogen in the octahedral sectors occurs faster than in the cuboid sectors.
DS202007-1187
2020
Zedgenizov, D.Zedgenizov, D., Kagi, H., Ohtani, E., Tsujimori, T., Komatsu, K.Retrograde phases of former bridgemanite inclusions in superdeep diamonds.Lithos, in press available, 25p. PdfSouth America, Brazil, Africa, South Africa, Guinea, Canada, Northwest Territoriesdeposit - Sao Luis, Juina

Abstract: Bridgmanite (Mg,Fe)SiO3, a high pressure silicate with a perovskite structure, is dominant material in the lower mantle at the depths from 660 to 2700 km and therefore is probably the most abundant mineral in the Earth. Although synthetic analogues of this mineral have been well studied, no naturally occurring samples had ever been found in a rock on the planet’s surface except in some shocked meteorites. Due to its unstable nature under ambient conditions, this phase undergoes retrograde transformation to a pyroxene-type structure. The identification of the retrograde phase as ‘bridgmanite’ in so-called superdeep diamonds was based on the association with ferropericlase (Mg,Fe)O and other high-pressure (supposedly lower-mantle) minerals predicted from theoretical models and HP-HT experiments. In this study pyroxene inclusions in diamond grains from Juina (Brazil), one single-phase (Sample SL-14) and two composite inclusions of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 coexisting with (Mg,Fe)3Al2Si3O12 (Sample SL-13), and with (Mg,Fe)3Al2Si3O12 and (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 (Sample SL-80) have been analyzed to identify retrograde phases of former bridgmanite. XRD and Raman spectroscopy have revealed that these are orthopyroxene (Opx). (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and (Mg,Fe)3Al2Si3O12 in these inclusions are identified as olivine and jeffbenite (TAPP). These inclusions are associated with inclusions of (Mg,Fe)O (SL-14), CaSiO3 (SL-80) and composite inclusion of CaSiO3+CaTiO3 (SL-13). XRD patterns of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 inclusions indicate that they consist of polycrystals. This polycrystalline textures together with high lattice strain of host diamond around these inclusions observed from EBSD may be an evidence for the retrograde phase transition of former bridgmanite. Single-phase inclusions of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 in superdeep diamonds are suggested to represent a retrograde phase of bridgmanite and fully inherit its initial chemical composition, including a high Al and low Ni contents [Harte, Hudson, 2013; Kaminsky, 2017]. The composite inclusions of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 with jeffbenite and other silicate and oxide phases may be interpreted as exolusion products from originally homogeneous bridgmanite [Walter et al., 2011]. The bulk compositions of these composite inclusions are rich in Al, Ti, and Fe which are similar to Al-rich bridgmanite produced in experiments on the MORB composition. However, the retrograde origin of composite inclusions due to decomposition of Al-rich bridgmanite may be doubtful because each of observed phases may represent single-phase inclusions, i.e. bridgmanite and high pressure garnet (majoritic garnet), with similar compositional features.
DS202008-1460
2020
Zedgenizov, D.Zedgenizov, D., Kagi, H., Ohtaini, E., Tsujimori, T., Komatsu, K.Retrograde phases of former bridgemanite inclusions in superdeep diamonds.Lithos, Vol. 370-371, 105659 7p. PdfAfrica, South Africa, Guinea, Australia,South America, Brazil, Canada, Northwest Territoriesdeposit - Koffiefontein, Kankan, Lac de Gras, Juina, Machado, Orroroo

Abstract: (Mg,Fe)SiO3 bridgmanite is the dominant phase in the lower mantle; however no naturally occurring samples had ever been found in terrestrial samples as it undergoes retrograde transformation to a pyroxene-type structure. To identify retrograde phases of former bridgmanite single-phase and composite inclusions of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 in a series of superdeep diamonds have been examined with electron microscopy, electron microprobe, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. Our study revealed that (Mg,Fe)SiO3 inclusions are represented by orthopyroxene. Orthopyroxenes in single-phase and composite inclusions inherit initial chemical composition of bridgmanites, including a high Al and low Ni contents. In composite inclusions they coexist with jeffbenite (ex-TAPP) and olivine. The bulk compositions of these composite inclusions are rich in Al, Ti, and Fe, which are similar but not fully resembling Al-rich bridgmanite produced in experiments on the MORB composition. The retrograde origin of composite inclusions due to decomposition of Al-rich bridgmanite may be doubtful because each of observed minerals may represent coexisting HP phases, i.e. bridgmanite or ringwoodite.
DS202102-0216
2021
Zedgenizov, D.Pavlushkin, A., Zedgenizov, D., Vasilev, E., Kuper, K.Morphology and genesis of ballas and ballas-like diamonds.MDPI Crystals, Vol. 11, 17 dx.doi.org/ 103390/ Qcrystal11010017 24p. PdfRussia, Yakutia, Urals, South America, Brazildeposits - Mir, Udachnaya, Aikal, Yubilenya

Abstract: Ballas diamond is a rare form of the polycrystalline radial aggregate of diamonds with diverse internal structures. The morphological features of ballas diamonds have experienced repeated revision. The need that this paper presents for development of a crystal-genetic classification was determined by a rich variety of combined and transitional forms of ballas-like diamonds, which include aggregates, crystals, and intergrowths. The new crystal-genetic classification combines already-known and new morphological types of ballas as well as ballas-like diamonds discovered in the placers of Yakutia, the Urals, and Brazil. The ballas-like diamond forms include spherocrystals, aggregates with a single crystal core, split crystals, radial multiple twin intergrowths, and globular crystals. The crystal genetic scheme of the evolution of ballas and ballas-like diamonds is a sequence of the morphological types arranged in accordance with the conventional model of the dependence of the mechanism and diamond growth from carbon supersaturation developed by I. Sunagawa. The evolution of the growth forms of ballas and ballas-like diamonds was tracked based on the macrozonal structure of diamonds varying from a flat-faced octahedron to a fibrous cuboid with its transition forms to the radiating crystal aggregates. The morphological diversity of the ballas-like diamonds depends on the level of supersaturation, and abrupt changes of the level of supersaturation engender abrupt changes in a mechanism of crystal growth. The change in the rate of growth under the influence of adsorption and absorption of the mechanic impurities accompanied the sudden appearance of the autodeformation defects in the form of splitting and multiple radial twinning of crystals. The spherical shape of Yakutia ballas-like diamonds is due to the volumetric dissolution that results in the curved-face crystals of the "Urals" or "Brazilian" type associated with ballas diamonds in placers.
DS1998-1624
1998
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Logvinova, Shatskii, SobolevInclusions in microdiamonds from some kimberlite diatremes of YakutiaDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 359, No. 2, pp. 204-8.Russia, YakutiaDiamond inclusions, Microdiamonds
DS1999-0825
1999
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Fedorova, E.N., Shatsky, V.S.Microdiamonds from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipeRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 756-764.Russia, Siberia, YakutiaMicrodiamonds - mineral chemistry, Deposit - Udachnaya
DS2001-0698
2001
Zedgenizov, D.A.Logvinova, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Sobolov, N.V.Pyroxenite paragenesis of abundant mineral and probable fluid inclusions in microdiamonds from Mir kimberliteDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 380, No. 7, Sept-Oct. pp.795-800.Russia, SiberiaMineralogy - micro diamonds, Deposit - Mir
DS2001-1296
2001
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Yefimova, E.S.Ferropericlase inclusions in a diamond microcrystal from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe Yakutia.Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 3771, March/April pp. 319-21.Russia, YakutiaMicrodiamonds, Deposit - Udachnaya
DS2002-1772
2002
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Pokhilenko, N.P., Rylov, G.M., Milledge, J.H., Jones, A.P.Assorted diamond population from Snap lake mine ( Canada)18th. International Mineralogical Association Sept. 1-6, Edinburgh, abstract p.116Northwest TerritoriesDiamond - morphology
DS2003-1083
2003
Zedgenizov, D.A.Pkhilenko, N.P., Zedgenizov, D.A., Afanasiev, V.P., Rylov, G.M., Milledge, H.J.Morphology and internal structure of diamonds from Snap Lake, King Lake kimberlite8ikc, Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 3, POSTER abstractNorthwest TerritoriesDiamonds - morphology, Deposit - Snap Lake, King Lake
DS2003-1305
2003
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Loginova, A.M., Yefimova, E.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Channer, D.Polymineralic eclogite inclusions in Guaniamo diamonds, Venezuela: evidence for8ikc, Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 2, POSTER abstractVenezuelaEclogites and Diamonds, Deposit - Guaniamo
DS2003-1306
2003
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Loginova, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Yefimova, E.S., Taylor,L.A.Mineral inclusions in diamonds from the Komsomolskaya and Krasnopresnenskaya8ikc, Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 3, POSTER abstractRussia, SiberiaDiamonds - inclusions, Deposit - Komosomolskaya, Krasnopresnenskaya
DS2003-1307
2003
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Logvinova, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Yefimova, E.S.Mineral inclusions in microdiamonds and macrodiamonds from kimberlites of Yakutia: a8 Ikc Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 3, AbstractRussia, Yakutia, SiberiaDiamonds - inclusions
DS2003-1529
2003
Zedgenizov, D.A.Yeliseev, A.P., Pkhilenko, N.P., Zedgenizov, D.A., Steeds, J.Features of coated diamonds from the Snap Lake King Lake kimberlite dyke system8ikc, Www.venuewest.com/8ikc/program.htm, Session 3, POSTER abstractNorthwest TerritoriesDiamonds - inclusions, Deposit - Snap Lake, King Lake
DS2003-1541
2003
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., et al.Impurities and carbon isotope compositions of microdiamonds with extra faces from theRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 872-878RussiaUdachnaya pipe, carbon isotopes, microdiamonds
DS200412-1869
2004
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Logvinova, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Seryotkin, Y.V., Tefimova, E.S., Floss, C., Taylor, L.A.Mineral inclusions in microdiamonds and macrodiamonds from kimberlites of Yakutia: a comparative study.Lithos, Vol. 77, 1-4, Sept. pp. 225-242.Russia, Yakutia, SiberiaDiamond inclusions, craton, eclogite, peridotite
DS200412-1870
2003
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Logvinova, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Yefimova, E.S.Mineral inclusions in microdiamonds and macrodiamonds from kimberlites of Yakutia: a comparative study.8 IKC Program, Session 3, AbstractRussia, Yakutia, SiberiaDiamonds - inclusions
DS200412-2181
2004
Zedgenizov, D.A.Yelisseyev, A.P., Pokhilenko, N.P., Steeds, J.W., Zedgenizov, D.A., Afanasiev, V.P.Features of coated diamonds from the Snap Lake/King Lake kimberlite dyke, Slave Craton, Canada, as revealed by optical topographLithos, Vol. 77, 1-4, Sept. pp. 83-97.Canada, Northwest TerritoriesCoated diamonds, absorption, luminescence, nickel, nitr
DS200412-2198
2004
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Harte, B.Microscale variations of d13C and N content within a natural diamond with mixed habit growth.Chemical Geology, Vol. 205, 1-2, pp. 169-175.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS200412-2199
2004
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Kagi, H., Shatsky, V.S., Sobolev, N.V.Carbonatitic melts in cuboid diamonds from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe ( Yukatia): evidence from vibrational spectroscopy.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 6, 1, pp. 61-73.Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology
DS200512-0968
2005
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Mityukhin, S.I., Sobolev, N.V.Evidence for metasomatic formation of diamond in eclogite xenolith from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 402, 4, pp. 587-90.Russia, YakutiaMetasomatism
DS200512-1233
2003
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Reutsky, V.N., Shatsky, V.S., Fedorova, E.N.Impurities and carbon isotope compositions of microdiamonds with extra faces from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 44, 9, pp. 834-41.Russia, YakutiaDiamond inclusions - Udachnaya
DS200612-1274
2006
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatsky, V.S., Stepanov, A.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L.Mineral inclusions in diamonds from chemically heterogeneous eclogite xenolith.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 25. abstract only.RussiaDiamond inclusions
DS200612-1275
2006
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L.Evidence of mantle modification in Diamondiferous eclogite xenolith from Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, Yakutia.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 25. abstract only.Russia, YakutiaDeposit - Udachnaya, metasomatism
DS200612-1330
2006
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Logvinova, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Kuzmin, D.V., Sobolev, A.V.Olivine inclusions in Siberian diamonds: high precision approach to trace elements.International Mineralogical Association 19th. General Meeting, held Kobe, Japan July 23-28 2006, Abstract p. 137.Russia, SiberiaGeochemistry - mineral inclusiosn
DS200612-1584
2006
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Shiryaev, A.A., Shatsky, V.S., Kagi, H.Water related IR characteristics in natural fibrous diamonds.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 70, 2, April pp. 219-229.Russia, Africa, Democratic Republic of Congo, Canada, Northwest TerritoriesSpectroscopy, microinclusions
DS200712-0585
2007
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kuper, K.E., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Shatsky, V.S., Porosev, V.V., Zolotarev, K.V., Baibchev, IvanovThree dimensional distribution of minerals in Diamondiferous eclogites, obtained by the method of high resolution X-ray computed tomography.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A., Vol. 575, 1-2, pp. 255-258.TechnologyDiamond genesis
DS200712-0891
2007
Zedgenizov, D.A.Reutsky, V.N., Zedgenizov, D.A.Some specific features of genesis of microdiamonds of octahedral and cubic habit from kimberlites of the Udachanaya pipe inferred from carbon isotopes - defectRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 48, pp. 299-304.Russia, YakutiaMicrodiamonds
DS200712-1042
2007
Zedgenizov, D.A.Stepanov, A.S., Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Sobolev, N.V.Causes of variations in morphology and impurities of diamonds from the Udachnaya pipe eclogite.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 758-769.Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology
DS200712-1043
2007
Zedgenizov, D.A.Stepanov, A.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatsky, V.S.FTIR water observation in minerals from diamond inclusions and matrix of Diamondiferous eclogite.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A973.RussiaUdachnaya
DS200712-1218
2007
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Shatsky, V.S.Chloride carbonate fluid in diamonds from the eclogite xenolith.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 445, 6, pp. DOI:10.1134/S1028334 X07060293Russia, YakutiaGeochemistry
DS200812-1092
2008
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Logvinova, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Pokhilenko, N.P., Kuzmin, D.V., Sobolev, A.V.Olivine inclusions in Siberian diamonds: high precision approach to minor elements.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 305-315.Russia, SiberiaDiamond inclusions
DS200912-0708
2009
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Logvinova, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Pokhilenko, N.P., Malygina, E.V., Kuzmin, D.V., Sobolev, A.V.Petrogenetic significance of minor elements in olivines from diamonds and peridotite xenoliths from kimberlites of Yakutia.Lithos, In press - available 38p.Russia, YakutiaDiamond inclusions
DS200912-0849
2009
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Shjatsky, V.S., Araujo, D., Griffin, W.L., Kagi, H.Mg and Fe rich carbonate silicate high density fluids in cuboid diamonds from the Internationalnaya kimberlite pipe. Yakutia.Lithos, In press availableRussia, YakutiaDeposit - International
DS201012-0332
2009
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kagi, H., Odake, S., Fukura, S., Zedgenizov, D.A.Raman spectroscopic estimation of depth of diamond origin: technical developments and the application.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 50, 12, pp. 1183-1187.TechnologyDiamond genesis
DS201012-0406
2010
Zedgenizov, D.A.Korsakov, A.V., Perraki, M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Bindi, L.Diamond graphite relationships in ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks from the Kochetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 51, 3, pp. 763-783.RussiaUHP
DS201012-0607
2009
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ragozin, A.L., Shatskii, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A.New dat a on the growth environment of diamonds of the variety V from placers of the northeastern Siberian platform.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 425, 2, April pp. 436-440.Russia, SiberiaAlluvials
DS201012-0691
2010
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatskii, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L.Majoritic garnets in diamonds from placers of the northeastern Siberian Platform.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 432, 2, pp. 839-845.RussiaAlluvials
DS201112-0944
2011
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatski, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Kalinina, V.V., Reutskii, V.N.Local variations in carbon isotopes and nitrogen contents in diamonds from placers of the northeastern portion of the Siberian Platform.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 440, 1, pp.Russia, SiberiaGeochronology
DS201112-0973
2011
Zedgenizov, D.A.Skuzovatov, S.Yu., Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatsky, V.S., Ragozin, A.L., Kuper, K.E.Composition of cloudy Micro inclusions in octahedral diamonds from the Internatsional'naya kimberlite pipe ( Yakutia).Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 52, pp. 85-96.Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology, inclusions
DS201112-1156
2011
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, Shatsky, Kagi, Odake, Griffin, Araujo, YuryevaEvidence for evolution of growth media in superdeep diamonds from Sao-Luis Brazil.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.2244.South America, BrazilCl imaging
DS201212-0507
2012
Zedgenizov, D.A.Nadolinny, V.A., Yuryeva,O.P., Rakhmanova, M.I., Shatsky, V.S., Palyanov, Y.N., Kupriyanov, I.N., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L.Distribution of OK1, N3 and NU1 defects in diamond crystals of different habits.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 24, 4, pp. 645-650.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS201312-0729
2013
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ragozin, A.L., Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Griffin, W.L.Growth medium and carbon source of unusual rounded diamonds from alluvial placers of the north-east of Siberian platform.Goldschmidt 2013, AbstractRussia, SiberiaPlacers, alluvials
DS201312-0805
2013
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L.Evidence for formation of alluvial diamonds from north-east of Siberian platform in subduction environment.Goldschmidt 2013, 1p. AbstractRussiaAlluvials
DS201312-0831
2012
Zedgenizov, D.A.Skuzovatov, S.Yu., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Shatsky, V.S.Growth medium composition of coated diamonds from the Sytykanskaya kimberlite pipe ( Yakutia).Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 53, 11, pp. 1197-1208.RussiaDeposit - Sytykanskaya
DS201312-1006
2014
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Kagi, H., Shatsky, V.S., Ragozin, A.Local variations of carbon isotope composition in diamonds from Sao-Luis ( Brazil): evidence for heterogenous carbon reservoir in sublithospheric mantle.Chemical Geology, Vol. 363, pp. 114-124.South America, BrazilDeposit - Sao Luis area
DS201312-1007
2013
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Shatsky, V.S., Griffin, W.L.Parental growth media of Siberian diamonds - relation to kimberlites.Goldschmidt 2013, 1p. AbstractRussiaDiamond morphology
DS201412-0718
2014
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ragozin, A.L., Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatskii, V.S., Orihashi, Y., Agashev, A.M., Kagi, H.U Pb age of rutile from the eclogite xenolith of the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 457, 1, pp. 861-864.Russia, YakutiaDeposit - Udachnaya
DS201412-0801
2014
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Kalinina, V.V.Carbon isotopes and nitrogen contents in placer diamonds from the NE Siberian craton: implications for diamond origins.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 26, 1, pp. 41-52.RussiaAlluvials
DS201412-0802
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Kalinina, V.V.Diamondiferous subcontinental lithospheric mantle of the northeastern Siberian craton: evidence from mineral inclusions in alluvial diamonds.Gondwana Research, Vol. 28, 1, pp. 106-120.Russia, SiberiaMineral inclusions
DS201412-1023
2014
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatskiy, A., Ragozin, A.L., Kagi, H., Shatsky, V.S.Merwinite in diamond from Sao Luiz, Brazil: a new mineral of the Ca-rich mantle environment.American Mineralogist, Vol. 99, pp. 547-550.South America, BrazilMineralogy
DS201502-0102
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Skuzovatov, S.Yu., Zedgenizov, D.A., Rakevich, A.L., Shatsky, V.S., Martynovich, E.F.Multiple growth events in diamonds with cloudy Micro inclusions from the Mir kimberlite pipe: evidence from the systematics of optically active defects.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 56, 1, pp. 330-343.RussiaDeposit - Mir
DS201502-0128
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatsky, V.S., Panin, A.V., Evtushenko, O.V., Ragozin, A.L., Kagi, H.Evidence for phase transitions in mineral inclusions in superdeep diamonds of the Sao Luiz deposit, Brazil.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 56, 1, pp. 296-305.South America, BrazilDeposit - Sao Luiz
DS201506-0301
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Pokhilenko, N.P., Griffin, W.L.Carbonate- silicate composition of diamond forming media of fibrous diamonds from Snap Lake area, Canada.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 461, 1, pp. 297-300.Canada, Northwest TerritoriesMicro-inclusions
DS201507-0309
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Dobretsov, N.L., Zedgenizov, D.A., Litasov, K.D.Evidence for and consequences of the "hot" subduction model.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 461, 1, pp. 517-521.MantleSubduction
DS201507-0328
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Mironov, V.P., Rakevich, A.L., Stepanov, F.A., Emelyanova, A.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatsky, V.S., Kagi, H., Martynovich, E.F.Luminescence in diamonds of the Sao Luiz placer ( Brazil).Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 56, pp. 729-736.South America, BrazilDiamond luminesence
DS201507-0335
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Kalinina, V.V.Diamondiferous subcontinental lithospheric mantle of the northeastern Siberian Craton: evidence from mineral inclusions in alluvial diamonds. Kapchan Fold Belt Olenek ProvinceGondwana Research, Vol. 28, 1, pp. 106-120.RussiaDiamond - inclusions
DS201509-0440
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Yuryeva, O.P., Rakhmanova, M.I., Nadolinny, V.A., Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatsky, V.S., Kagi, H., Komarovskikh, A.Yu.The characteristic photoluminescence and EPR features of superdeep diamonds ( Sao Luis, Brazil).Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, In press available 16p.South America, Brazil, Mato GrossoDeposit - Juina area

Abstract: Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were used for the first time to characterize properties of superdeep diamonds from the São-Luis alluvial deposits (Brazil). The infrared measurements showed the low nitrogen content (>50 of 87 diamonds from this locality were nitrogen free and belonged to type IIa) and simultaneously the extremely high level of nitrogen aggregation (pure type IaB being predominant), which indicates that diamonds under study might have formed under high pressure and temperature conditions. In most cases, PL features excited at various wavelengths (313, 473, and 532 nm) were indicative of different growth and post-growth processes during which PL centers could be formed via interaction between vacancies and nitrogen atoms. The overall presence of the 490.7 nm, H3, and H4 centers in the luminescence spectra attests to strong plastic deformations in these diamonds. The neutral vacancy known as the GR1 center has probably occurred in a number of crystals due to radiation damage in the post-growth period. The 558.5 nm PL center is found to be one of the most common defects in type IIa samples which is accompanied by the EPR center with g-factor of 2.00285. The 536 and 576 nm vibronic systems totally dominated the PL spectra of superdeep diamonds, while none of "normal" diamonds from the Mir pipe (Yakutia) with similar nitrogen characteristics showed the latter three PL centers.
DS201511-1892
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Yuryeva, O.P., Rakhmanova, M.I., Nadolinny, V.A., Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatsky, V.S., Kagi, H., Komarovskikh, A.Yu.The characteristic photoluminescence and EPR features of superdeep diamonds ( Sao-Luis, Brazil).Physics and chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 42, 9, pp. 707-722.South America, BrazilSao-Luis alluvials

Abstract: Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were used for the first time to characterize properties of superdeep diamonds from the São-Luis alluvial deposits (Brazil). The infrared measurements showed the low nitrogen content (>50 of 87 diamonds from this locality were nitrogen free and belonged to type IIa) and simultaneously the extremely high level of nitrogen aggregation (pure type IaB being predominant), which indicates that diamonds under study might have formed under high pressure and temperature conditions. In most cases, PL features excited at various wavelengths (313, 473, and 532 nm) were indicative of different growth and post-growth processes during which PL centers could be formed via interaction between vacancies and nitrogen atoms. The overall presence of the 490.7 nm, H3, and H4 centers in the luminescence spectra attests to strong plastic deformations in these diamonds. The neutral vacancy known as the GR1 center has probably occurred in a number of crystals due to radiation damage in the post-growth period. The 558.5 nm PL center is found to be one of the most common defects in type IIa samples which is accompanied by the EPR center with g-factor of 2.00285. The 536 and 576 nm vibronic systems totally dominated the PL spectra of superdeep diamonds, while none of "normal" diamonds from the Mir pipe (Yakutia) with similar nitrogen characteristics showed the latter three PL centers.
DS201603-0423
2016
Zedgenizov, D.A.Stepanov, F.A., Mironov, V.P., Rakevich, A.L., Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Martynovich, E.F.Red luminescence decay kinetics in Brazilian diamonds. ( Juina)Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics ** IN ENG, Vol. 80, 1, pp. 74-77.South America, BrazilDiamond formation

Abstract: Luminescence kinetics in the temperature range of 80 480 K and the red region of the spectrum is studied for Brazilian diamonds. Components with decay time constants of 23 and 83 ns are observed at room temperature after being excited by laser radiation with wavelengths of 375 and 532 nm, which differs considerably from the data published earlier for the luminescence kinetics of NV 0- and NV -centers.
DS201603-0434
2015
Zedgenizov, D.A.Yureva, O.P., Rakhmanova, M.I., Nadolinny, V.A., Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatsjy, V.S., Kagi, H., Komarovskikh, A.Y.The characteristic photoluminesence and EPR features of super deep diamonds ( Sao-Luis, Brazil).Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 42, 9, pp. 707-722.South America, BrazilDeposit - Sao-Luis

Abstract: Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were used for the first time to characterize properties of superdeep diamonds from the São-Luis alluvial deposits (Brazil). The infrared measurements showed the low nitrogen content (>50 of 87 diamonds from this locality were nitrogen free and belonged to type IIa) and simultaneously the extremely high level of nitrogen aggregation (pure type IaB being predominant), which indicates that diamonds under study might have formed under high pressure and temperature conditions. In most cases, PL features excited at various wavelengths (313, 473, and 532 nm) were indicative of different growth and post-growth processes during which PL centers could be formed via interaction between vacancies and nitrogen atoms. The overall presence of the 490.7 nm, H3, and H4 centers in the luminescence spectra attests to strong plastic deformations in these diamonds. The neutral vacancy known as the GR1 center has probably occurred in a number of crystals due to radiation damage in the post-growth period. The 558.5 nm PL center is found to be one of the most common defects in type IIa samples which is accompanied by the EPR center with g-factor of 2.00285. The 536 and 576 nm vibronic systems totally dominated the PL spectra of superdeep diamonds, while none of “normal” diamonds from the Mir pipe (Yakutia) with similar nitrogen characteristics showed the latter three PL centers.
DS201610-1902
2016
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ragozin, A.L., Zedgenizov, D.A., Kuper, K.E., Shatsky, V.S.Radial mosaic internal structure of rounded diamond crystals from alluvial placers of Siberian platform. EbayakMineralogy and Petrology, in press available 15p.RussiaX-ray topography

Abstract: The specific gray to almost black diamonds of rounded morphology are especially typical in alluvial placers of the northeastern part of the Siberian platform. The results of study of internal structure of these diamonds are presented. X-ray topography and birefringence patterns of polished plates of studied diamonds show their radial mosaic structure. Diamonds consists of slightly misorientated (up to 20?) subindividuals which are combined to mosaic wedge-shaped sectors. Electron back-scatter diffraction technique has demonstrated that subindividuals are often combined in the single large blocks (subgrains). The whole crystals commonly consist of several large subgrains misoriented up to 5° to one another. The total nitrogen content of these diamonds vary in the range 900-3300 ppm and nitrogen aggregation state (NB/(NB + NA)*100) from 25 to 64 %. Rounded diamond crystals of variety V are suggested to have been formed at the high growth rate caused by the high oversaturation of carbon in the crystallization medium. It may result in the splitting of growing crystal and their radial mosaic structure as a sequence. High content of structural nitrogen defects and the great number of mechanical impurities - various mineral and fluid inclusions may also favor to generation of this structure.
DS201610-1909
2016
Zedgenizov, D.A.Sobolev, N.V., Shatsky, V.S., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Reutsky, V.N.Polycrystalline diamond aggregates from the Mir kimberlite pipe, Yakutia: evidence for mantle metasomatism.Lithos, in press available 10p.RussiaDeposit - Mir

Abstract: Polycrystalline diamond aggregates (boart, framesites, diamondites) have been widely studied but their origin is poorly understood. We report the results of a study in situ of two polished fragments of fine-grained (40-400 ?m size of individual diamond grains) dense polycrystalline diamond aggregates from the Mir pipe containing visible multiple interstitial garnet inclusions. They were analyzed for major and trace elements of inclusions and one of them — for ?13C and N abundance and isotopic composition of host diamonds. These aggregates are classified as variety IX by Orlov (1977). No cavities were observed in these samples. Sixty two irregular garnet grains and one clinopyroxene inclusion were detected and analyzed in sample Mr 832. Garnets are homogeneous within single grains but variable in Mg# [100Mg/(Mg + Fe)] from 60 up to 87 and CaO contents (3.3-5.3 wt.%) among grains with a trend to negative correlation. Low Cr (550-640 ppm) confirms eclogitic (E-type) paragenesis. High Na2O contents (5.2 wt.%) of a single pyroxene inclusion are additional evidence of eclogitic nature of this sample. Wide variations in trace elements (ppm) are characteristic for garnet grains: Sr (2.7-25.6), Y (9.7-14.1), Zr (15.6-38.7) and positive Eu anomaly is present. The ?13C of diamonds within studied sample is variable (? 6.4 ÷? 9.8 ‰) as well as N abundance (75-1150 ppm) and ?15N ? 27, ? 38, ? 58 ‰. The second peridotitic (U/P-type) sample Mr 838 contains eight inclusions of Mg-rich Cr-pyropes (Mg# ~ 85, Cr2O3 3.2-3.4 wt.%) and magnesite inclusion with 4.35 wt.% FeO and 1.73 wt.% CaO. Trace element content in pyropes is relatively uniform (ppm): Sr (0.4-1.6), Y (13.2-13.4) and Zr (13.0). We conclude that heterogeneous distribution of the trace elements among garnet grains in Mr 832 and magnesite presence in Mr 838 are indicative of the effects of mantle metasomatism and rapid crystallization shortly before the eruption of the kimberlite.
DS201611-2117
2016
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kagi, H., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ohfuji, H., Ishibashi, H.Micro- and nano-inclusions in a superdeep diamond from Sao Luiz, Brazil.Geochemistry International, Vol. 54, 10, pp. 834-838.South America, BrazilDeposit - Sao Luiz

Abstract: We report cloudy micro- and nano-inclusions in a superdeep diamond from São-Luiz, Brazil which contains inclusions of ferropericlase (Mg, Fe)O and former bridgmanite (Mg, Fe)SiO3 and ringwoodite (Mg, Fe)2SiO4. Field emission-SEM and TEM observations showed that the cloudy inclusions were composed of euhedral micro-inclusions with grain sizes ranging from tens nanometers to submicrometers. Infrared absorption spectra of the cloudy inclusions showed that water, carbonate, and silicates were not major components of these micro- and nano-inclusions and suggested that the main constituent of the inclusions was infrared-inactive. Some inclusions were suggested to contain material with lower atomic numbers than that of carbon. Mineral phase of nano- and micro-inclusions is unclear at present. Microbeam X-ray fluorescence analysis clarified that the micro-inclusions contained transition metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) possibly as metallic or sulfide phases. The cloudy inclusions provide an important information on the growth environment of superdeep diamonds in the transition zone or the lower mantle.
DS201612-2327
2016
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ragozin, A.L., Palyanov, Yu.N., Zedgenizov, D.A., Kalinin, A.A., Shatsky, V.S.Homogenization of carbonate bearing Micro inclusions in diamond at P-T parameters of the upper mantle.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 470, 2, pp. 1059-1062.RussiaDeposit - Internationalskaya

Abstract: The staged high-pressure annealing of natural cubic diamonds with numerous melt microinclusions from the Internatsional’naya kimberlite pipe was studied experimentally. The results mainly show that the carbonate phases, the daughter phases in partially crystallized microinclusions in diamonds, may undergo phase transformations under the mantle P-T conditions. Most likely, partial melting and further dissolution of dolomite in the carbonate-silicate melt (homogenization of inclusions) occur in inclusions. The experimental data on the staged high-pressure annealing of diamonds with melt microinclusions allow us to estimate the temperature of their homogenization as 1400-1500°C. Thus, cubic diamonds from the Internatsional’naya pipe could have been formed under quite high temperatures corresponding to the lithosphere/asthenosphere boundary. However, it should be noted that the effect of selective capture of inclusions with partial loss of volatiles in relation to the composition of the crystallization medium is not excluded during the growth. This may increase the temperature of their homogenization significantly between 1400 and 1500°C.
DS201612-2351
2016
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Kalinina, V.V., Reutsky, V.N., Yuryeva, O.P., Rakhmanova, M.I.Regular cuboid diamonds from placers on the northeastern Siberian platform.Lithos, Vol. 265, pp. 125-137.Russia, SiberiaDiamond morphology

Abstract: Alluvial placers of the northeastern Siberian Platform are characterized by a specific diamond population: regular cuboids, forming a continuous color series from yellowish-green to yellow and dark orange. This is the first comprehensive study of a large number of cuboid diamonds focusing on their morphology, N content and aggregation state, photoluminescence, C isotopic composition and inclusions. The cuboids are cubic (i.e. nearly flat faced) to subrounded crystals; most of them are resorbed. The cathodolominescence images and the birefringence patterns show that many cuboid diamonds record deformation. The cuboid diamonds are characterized by unusual FTIR spectra with the presence of C- (single nitrogen atom) and A- (pair of neighbour nitrogen atoms) centers, and two centers of unknown origin, termed X and Y. The presence of single substitutional nitrogen defects (C centers) in all cuboid diamonds testifies either storage in the mantle at relatively cool conditions or formation just prior to eruption of their host kimberlites. The studied diamonds are also characterized by the presence of specific set of luminescence centers: N3, H3, S1, NVo and NV?, some of which are suggested to have formed during deformation subsequent to diamond growth. The cuboid diamonds show a wide range of carbon isotope compositions from mantle-like values towards strongly 13C depleted compositions (? 6.1 to ? 20.2‰ ?13C). Combined with the finding of an eclogitic sulfide inclusion, the light carbon isotope compositions link the formation of the studied cuboids to deeply subducted basic protoliths, i.e. former oceanic crust.
DS201702-0222
2017
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kolesnichenko, M.V., Zedgenizov, D.A., Litasov, K.D., Safonova, I.Y., Ragozin, A.L.Heterogenesous distribution of water in the mantle beneath the central Siberian Craton: implications for Udachnaya kimberlite pipe.Gondwana Research, in press available 18p.RussiaDeposit - Udachnaya

Abstract: The paper presents new petrographic, major element and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data and PT-estimates of whole-rock samples and minerals of a collection of 19 relatively fresh peridotite xenoliths from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, which were recovered from its deeper levels. The xenoliths are non-deformed (granular), medium-deformed and highly deformed (porphyroclastic, mosaic-porphyroclastic, mylonitic) lherzolites, harzburgite and dunite. The lherzolites yielded equilibration temperatures (T) and pressures (P) ranging from 913 to 1324 °C and from 4.6 to 6.3 GPa, respectively. The non-deformed and medium-deformed peridotites match the 35 mW/m2 conductive continental geotherm, whereas the highly deformed varieties match the 45 mW/m2 geotherm. The content of water spans 2 ± 1-95 ± 52 ppm in olivine, 1 ± 0.5-61 ± 9 ppm in orthopyroxene, and 7 ± 2-71 ± 30 ppm in clinopyroxene. The amount of water in garnets is negligible. Based on the modal proportions of mineral phases in the xenoliths, the water contents in peridotites were estimated to vary over a wide range from < 1 to 64 ppm. The amount of water in the mantle xenoliths is well correlated with the deformation degree: highly deformed peridotites show highest water contents (64 ppm) and those medium-deformed and non-deformed contain ca. 1 ppm of H2O. The high water contents in the deformed peridotites could be linked to metasomatism of relatively dry diamondiferous cratonic roots by hydrous and carbonatitic agents (fluids/melts), which may cause hydration and carbonation of peridotite and oxidation and dissolution of diamonds. The heterogeneous distribution of water in the cratonic mantle beneath the Udachnaya pipe is consistent with the models of mantle plume or veined mantle structures proposed based on a trace element study of similar xenolithic suits. Mantle metasomatism beneath the Siberian Craton and its triggered kimberlite magmatism could be induced by mantle enrichment in volatiles (H2O, CO2) supplied by numerous subduction zones which surrounded the Siberian continent in Neoproterozoic-Cambrian time.
DS201706-1086
2017
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kolesnichenko, M.V., Zedgenizov, D.A., Litasov, K.D., Safonova, I.Y., Ragozin, A.L.Heterogeneous distribution of water in the mantle beneath the central Siberian craton: implications from the Udachachnaya kimberlite pipe.Gondwana Research, Vol. 47, pp. 249-266.Russiadeposit - Udachnaya

Abstract: The paper presents new petrographic, major element and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data and PT-estimates of whole-rock samples and minerals of a collection of 19 relatively fresh peridotite xenoliths from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, which were recovered from its deeper levels. The xenoliths are non-deformed (granular), medium-deformed and highly deformed (porphyroclastic, mosaic-porphyroclastic, mylonitic) lherzolites, harzburgite and dunite. The lherzolites yielded equilibration temperatures (T) and pressures (P) ranging from 913 to 1324 °C and from 4.6 to 6.3 GPa, respectively. The non-deformed and medium-deformed peridotites match the 35 mW/m2 conductive continental geotherm, whereas the highly deformed varieties match the 45 mW/m2 geotherm. The content of water spans 2 ± 1-95 ± 52 ppm in olivine, 1 ± 0.5-61 ± 9 ppm in orthopyroxene, and 7 ± 2-71 ± 30 ppm in clinopyroxene. The amount of water in garnets is negligible. Based on the modal proportions of mineral phases in the xenoliths, the water contents in peridotites were estimated to vary over a wide range from < 1 to 64 ppm. The amount of water in the mantle xenoliths is well correlated with the deformation degree: highly deformed peridotites show highest water contents (64 ppm) and those medium-deformed and non-deformed contain ca. 1 ppm of H2O. The high water contents in the deformed peridotites could be linked to metasomatism of relatively dry diamondiferous cratonic roots by hydrous and carbonatitic agents (fluids/melts), which may cause hydration and carbonation of peridotite and oxidation and dissolution of diamonds. The heterogeneous distribution of water in the cratonic mantle beneath the Udachnaya pipe is consistent with the models of mantle plume or veined mantle structures proposed based on a trace element study of similar xenolithic suits. Mantle metasomatism beneath the Siberian Craton and its triggered kimberlite magmatism could be induced by mantle enrichment in volatiles (H2O, CO2) supplied by numerous subduction zones which surrounded the Siberian continent in Neoproterozoic-Cambrian time.
DS201706-1111
2017
Zedgenizov, D.A.Yuryeva, O.P., Rakhmanova, M.I., Zedgenizov, D.A.Nature of type 1aB diamonds from the Mir kimberlite pipe (Yakutia): evidence from spectroscopic observation.Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, in press available 13p.Russia, Yakutiadeposit - Mir
DS201707-1366
2017
Zedgenizov, D.A.Shuzovatov, S.Y., Zedgenizov, D.A., Rakevich, A.L.Spectroscopic constraints on growth of Siberian mixed habit diamonds.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 172, pp. 46-64.Russiadeposit -Mir, Internationalnaya, Udachnaya, Nyurbinskaya

Abstract: Notable within-crystal variability of mineralogical and geochemical properties of single natural diamonds are commonly attributed to changing chemistry of parental fluids, sources of carbon and redox conditions of diamond precipitation. A distinct type of compositional heterogeneity (mixed-habit structure) is well-known to occur in diamonds as well as in many other minerals due to purely “structural” reasons that are unequal crystal chemistry of crystallographically different faces and selective absorption and fractionation of impurities between adjacent growth pyramids. Based on the combined cathodoluminescence, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy, study of nine diamond crystals with different growth histories and external morphology, but all showing mixed-habit patterns at different growth stages, we show that mixed-diamonds may grow in closed system conditions or with a slowly decreasing growth rate from a media with a much lower impurity content than previously thought. Intracrystal nitrogen distribution seems to be a function of growth rate even in the cases of unusual impurity partitioning between growth sectors. Generally poor with IR-active hydrogen at moderate nitrogen aggregation parameters, studied diamonds likely resemble the low hydrogen content from the growth medium that, for cubic diamonds, was typically suggested hydrogen-rich and a crucial factor for growth of cubic and mixed-habit diamonds. We also show that mixed-habit diamond growth may occur not only in peridotitic suite but also in an extended field of geochemical affinities from high-Ni to low-Ni or maybe even Ni-free environments, such as pyroxenitic or eclogitic.
DS201711-2536
2017
Zedgenizov, D.A.Yuryeva, O.P., Rakhmanova, M.I., Zedgenizov, D.A.Nature of type IaB diamonds from the Mir kimberlite pipe ( Yakutia): evidence from spectroscopic observation.Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 44, 9, pp. 655-667.Russia, Yakutiadeposit - Mir

Abstract: In this study, the specific features of structural defects of type IaB diamonds from the Mir kimberlite pipe (Yakutian diamondiferous province) have been characterized using FTIR and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Mineral inclusions in these diamonds [olivine (Ol), orthopyroxene (OPx), chromite (Chr), sulphide (Sf)] correspond to associations of peridotite rocks at the base of the lithosphere. Nitrogen content in type IaB diamonds shows significant variations, suggesting different growth media and/or several growth stages. A specific feature of these diamonds is the absence or very small amount of platelets, which may be related to annealing during their long-term residence at the temperatures of the base of the lithosphere. All studied diamonds show the presence of hydrogen defects that are active in IR spectra with an intense line at 3107 cm?1, and additional weaker lines at 3085 and 3237 cm?1, which correlated with high nitrogen content. Type IaB diamonds are also characterized by the presence of nitrogen-nickel luminescence centres S2, S3 and 523.2 nm. This feature distinguishes them from superdeep diamonds with extreme nitrogen aggregation states, which clearly attest to different growth conditions and crystallization media of type IaB diamonds from the Mir kimberlite pipe.
DS201802-0257
2017
Zedgenizov, D.A.Pavlushin, A.D., Zedgenizov, D.A., Pirogovskaya, K.L.Crystal morphological evolution of growth and dissolution of curve faced cubic diamonds from placers of the Anabar Diamondiferous region.Geochemistry International, Vol. 55, 12, pp. 1193-1203.Russiadiamond - crystallography

Abstract: In this paper, we consider an ontogenic model for the formation of morphological types of growth and dissolution of cubic diamonds of variety II by Yu.L. Orlov from placers of the Anabar diamondiferous region. The following ontogenic domains of crystals and corresponding evolutionary stages of growth accompanying a general decrease in supersaturation in the crystallization medium were distinguished: microblock mosaic cuboids with defects produced by the mechanism of rotational plastic deformation-cuboids with linear translation deformations-cuboids and antiskeletal growth forms of cuboids composed of octahedral growth layers-pseudocubic growth forms of a flat-faced octahedron. The crystal morphological evolution of cuboids during the bulk dissolution of individuals in fluid-bearing melt transporting them to the surface was traced. The investigation of transitional forms of cuboid diamond dissolution showed that the final form of diamond dissolution is a rounded tetrahexahedroid independent of the combination of cuboid faces with subordinate faces of octahedron, rhombododecahedron, and tetrahexahedron observed on resorbed crystals of cubic habit. It was found that the final stages of cuboid dissolution produced disk-shaped microrelief features on the diamond surface in the form of randomly distributed ideal rounded etch pits resulting from interaction with microscopic cavitation gas bubbles released during the decompression of ascending kimberlite melt.
DS201805-0953
2018
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ivanov, A.V., Mukasa, S.B., Kamenetsky, V.S., Ackerman, M., Demonterova, E.I., Pokrovsky, B.G., Vladykin, N.V., Kolesnichenko, M.V., Litasov, K.D., Zedgenizov, D.A.Origin of high-Mg melts by volatile fluxing without significant excess of temperature.Chemical Geology, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j .chemgeo. 2018.03.11Russiameimechites
DS201806-1241
2018
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ragozin, A.L., Zedgenizov, D.A., Shatsky, V.S., Kuper, K.E.Formation of mosaic diamonds from the Zarnitsa kimberlite.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 59, pp. 486-498.Russiadeposit - Zarnitsa

Abstract: Mosaic diamonds from the Zarnitsa kimberlite (Daldyn field, Yakutian diamondiferous province) are morphologicaly and structurally similar to dark gray mosaic diamonds of varieties V and VII found frequently in placers of the northeastern Siberian craton. However, although being similar in microstructure, the two groups of diamonds differ in formation mechanism: splitting of crystals in the case of placer diamonds (V and VII) and growth by geometric selection in the Zarnitsa kimberlite diamonds. Selective growth on originally polycrystalline substrates in the latter has produced radial micro structures with grains coarsening rimward from distinctly polycrystalline cores. Besides the formation mechanisms, diamonds of the two groups differ in origin of mineral inclusions, distribution of defects and nitrogen impurity, and carbon isotope composition. Unlike the placer diamonds of varieties V and VII, the analyzed crystals from the Zarnitsa kimberlite enclose peridotitic minerals (olivines and subcalcic Cr-bearing pyropes) and have total nitrogen contents common to natural kimberlitic diamonds (0 to 1761 ppm) and typical mantle carbon isotope compositions (-1.9 to -6.2%c 513C; -4.2%c on average). The distribution of defect centers in the Zarnitsa diamond samples fits the annealing model implying that nitrogen aggregation decreases from core to rim.
DS201809-2041
2018
Zedgenizov, D.A.Iskrina, A.V., Bobrov, A.V., Kriulina, G.Y., Zedgenizov, D.A., Garanin, V.K.Melt/fluid inclusions in diamonds from the Lomonosov deposit ( Arkangelsk kimberlite province).Goldschmidt Conference, 1p. AbstractRussia, Kola Peninsuladeposit - Lomonosov

Abstract: Melt/fluid inclusions in diamonds provide important evidence for mantle diamond-forming fluids or melts. By now, the major characteristics of the composition of microinclusions have been analyzed in diamonds from several kimberlite provinces and pipes worldwide [1-4]. Here we report the first data on the composition of parent diamondforming melts for diamonds from the Arkhangelsk kimberlite province. After the study of morphology, specialty of the internal structure, and distribution of microinclusions in diamonds, 10 single crystals were selected from the 31 diamonds of the representative collection. The studied crystals may be divided into two groups: cuboids and coated diamonds. The crystals have grayish yellow or dark gray colors and are almost nontransparent due to the high content of microinclusions. Polished slices of these diamonds were studied by IR-spectroscopy, which allowed us to calculate the content of nitrogen defects, as well as the content of water and carbonates in microinclusions. X-ray spectral analyses allowed to study the composition of fluid/melt microinclusions and showed that they were essentially carbonate-silicate with significant variations between these two end-members. All inclusions contain water, with the highest H2O/CO2 in highly siliceous inclusions. Unlike diamonds from Canada and South Africa [1, 2], the studied inclusions in diamionds from the Arkhangelsk province are almost free of chlorides. Comparison of the data obtained with the database on fliud/melt inclusions in diamonds worldwide shows similar of Arkhangelsk diamonds to some diamonds from Yakutia [3, 4], and the data obtained are the most similar to the composition of microinclusions in diamonds from the Internatsionalnaya pipe (Yakutia).
DS201810-2339
2018
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kolesnichenko, M.V., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Litasov, K.D., Shatsky, V.S.The role of eclogites in the redistribution of water in the subcontinental mantle of the Siberian craton: results of determination of the water content in minerals from the Udachnaya pipe eclogites.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 59, 7, pp. 763-779.Russia, Siberiadeposit - Udachnaya

Abstract: A comprehensive study of 26 mafic mantle xenoliths from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe was carried out. The contents of major and trace elements, equilibrium temperature parameters, and water content in the rock-forming minerals were determined. The temperatures of formation of the studied rocks are estimated at 800-1300 °C. According to IR spectroscopy data, the water content in clinopyroxenes from the studied eclogites varies from values below the detection limit to 99 ppm. The IR spectra of garnets lack bands of water. The water content in clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene from garnet websterite is 72 and 8 ppm, respectively. The water content in the average rock, calculated from the ratio of the rock-forming minerals, varies from a few to 55 ppm. No relationship among the water content, equilibrium temperatures, and rock composition is established. The low water contents in the eclogites are close to the earlier determined water contents in peridotites from the same pipe and are, most likely, due to the re-equilibration of the eclogites with the rocks of the peridotitic lithospheric mantle. The dehydration of the protolith during its subduction and the partial melting of eclogites before their removal by kimberlitic magma to the surface might be an additional cause of the low water contents in the mantle eclogite xenoliths.
DS201811-2622
2018
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Shatsky, V.S., Griffin, W.L.Diamond formation during metasomatism of mantle eclogite by chloride-carbonate melt.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 173, 16p. Doi.org/10.1007/s00410-018-1513-yRussiadeposit - Udachnaya

Abstract: A xenolith of bimineralic eclogite from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe provides a snapshot of interaction between mantle rocks and diamond-forming fluids/melts. The major-element composition of the eclogite is similar to that of N-MORB and/or oceanic gabbros, but its trace-element pattern shows the effects of mantle metasomatism, which resulted in diamond formation. The diamonds are clustered in alteration veins that crosscut primary garnet and clinopyroxene. The diamonds contain microinclusions of a fluid/melt dominated by carbonate and KCl. Compared to the worldwide dataset, the microinclusions in these diamonds fall in middle of the range between saline fluids and low-Mg carbonatitic melts. The fluid/melt acted as a metasomatic agent that percolated through ancient eclogitic rocks stored in the mantle. This interaction is consistent with calculated partition coefficients between the rock-forming minerals and diamond-forming fluid/melt, which are similar to experimentally-determined values. Some differences between the calculated and experimental values may be due to the low contents of water and silicates in the chloride-carbonate melt observed in this study, and in particular its high contents of K and LILE. The lack of nitrogen aggregation in the diamonds implies that the diamond-forming metasomatism took place shortly before the eruption of the kimberlite, and that the microinclusions thus represent saline carbonate-rich fluids circulating in the basement of lithospheric mantle (150-170 km depth).
DS201905-1045
2019
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ivanov, A.V., Mukasa, S.B., Kamenetsky, V.S., Ackerson, M., Zedgenizov, D.A.Volatile concentrations in olivine hosted melt inclusions from meimechite and melanephenelinite lavas of the Siberian Trap Large Igneous Province: evidence for flux related high Ti, high Mg magmatism.Chemical Geology, Vol. 483, pp. 442-462.Russiameimechite
DS201905-1076
2019
Zedgenizov, D.A.Skuzovatov, S.Yu., Zedgenizov, D.A.Protracted fluid-metasomatism of the Siberian diamondiferous subcontinental lithospheric mantle as recorded in coated, cloudy and monocrystalline diamonds.Mineralogy and Petrology, 10.1007/s0710-019-00661-3 Russiadiamond morphology

Abstract: Five typical coated diamonds (from Udachnaya, Yubileynaya, and Aikhal kimberlite pipes) with untypically low microinclusion abundances and four monocrystalline diamonds (Udachnaya, Mir, Nyurbinskaya pipes) that exhibit thin intermediate microinclusion-bearing zones were examined in details for growth structures, characteristic infrared absorption and photoluminescence, and composition of microinclusions. The internal structures of diamonds of both types imply that fluid inclusions entrapment in diamonds does not necessarily relate to the terminal stage of rapid fibrous growth. Instead, nitrogen aggregation state in some diamonds showed that both fibrous coats and inclusion-bearing layers might experience an annealing during mantle residence long enough to pre-date the ultimate kimberlite eruption, whereas the diamonds with internal inclusion-bearing zones also experienced later protracted history of monocrystalline growth. The presence of chloride-carbonate-silicate fluids/melts in monocrystalline diamonds indicate their generation from media generally similar to that observed in some fibrous diamonds. However, the composition of these metasomatizing fluids is different for the mantle beneath Udachnaya (mostly carbonatitic) and other pipes (Aikhal, Yubileynaya, Mir; variable abundance of silicic high-density fluids). The abundance of silica-rich fluids record either a heterogeneous distribution of eclogites in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle, or the operation of silica-rich slab-derived fluids. The inclusion abundance as well as the type of growth (fibrous or monocrystalline) is considered to be controlled by the volume of fluid fluxes; in this case, fluid consumption leads to decreasing growth rates, diminishing inclusion entrainment and stability of layered octahedrons. The detected minor compositional variations of high-density fluids in these diamonds may be due to local scale thermal perturbation in the host source and/or limited chemical heterogeneity of the parental fluid. The high amount of chlorides in high-density fluids from monocrystalline diamonds provide a new evidence for compositions of fluids/melts acting as primary metasomatic agent in the deep mantle of Siberian craton.
DS201906-1349
2019
Zedgenizov, D.A.Skuzovatov, S.Y., Zedgenizov, D.A.Protracted fluid metasomatism of the Siberian diamondiferous subcontinental lithospheric mantle as recorded in coated, cloudy and monocrystalline diamonds.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 113, pp. 285-306.Russia, Siberiadeposit - Udachnaya, Yubileynaya, Aikhal, Mir, Nyurbinskaya

Abstract: Five typical coated diamonds (from Udachnaya, Yubileynaya, and Aikhal kimberlite pipes) with untypically low microinclusion abundances and four monocrystalline diamonds (Udachnaya, Mir, Nyurbinskaya pipes) that exhibit thin intermediate microinclusion-bearing zones were examined in details for growth structures, characteristic infrared absorption and photoluminescence, and composition of microinclusions. The internal structures of diamonds of both types imply that fluid inclusions entrapment in diamonds does not necessarily relate to the terminal stage of rapid fibrous growth. Instead, nitrogen aggregation state in some diamonds showed that both fibrous coats and inclusion-bearing layers might experience an annealing during mantle residence long enough to pre-date the ultimate kimberlite eruption, whereas the diamonds with internal inclusion-bearing zones also experienced later protracted history of monocrystalline growth. The presence of chloride-carbonate-silicate fluids/melts in monocrystalline diamonds indicate their generation from media generally similar to that observed in some fibrous diamonds. However, the composition of these metasomatizing fluids is different for the mantle beneath Udachnaya (mostly carbonatitic) and other pipes (Aikhal, Yubileynaya, Mir; variable abundance of silicic high-density fluids). The abundance of silica-rich fluids record either a heterogeneous distribution of eclogites in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle, or the operation of silica-rich slab-derived fluids. The inclusion abundance as well as the type of growth (fibrous or monocrystalline) is considered to be controlled by the volume of fluid fluxes; in this case, fluid consumption leads to decreasing growth rates, diminishing inclusion entrainment and stability of layered octahedrons. The detected minor compositional variations of high-density fluids in these diamonds may be due to local scale thermal perturbation in the host source and/or limited chemical heterogeneity of the parental fluid. The high amount of chlorides in high-density fluids from monocrystalline diamonds provide a new evidence for compositions of fluids/melts acting as primary metasomatic agent in the deep mantle of Siberian craton.
DS201910-2275
2019
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kriulina, G.Yu., Iskrina, A.V., Zedgenizov, D.A., Bobrov, A.V., Garanin, V.K.The compositional pecularities of microinclusions in diamonds from the Lomonosov deposit ( Arkangelsk Province).Geochemistry International, Vol. 57, 9, pp. 963-980.Russiadeposit - Lomonosov

Abstract: The data on the composition of microinclusions in diamonds from the Lomonosov deposits are reported for the first time. The studied diamonds include “coated” (n = 5) and cubic (n = 5) crystals. The estimated range of the degree of nitrogen aggregation in diamonds (4-39% B1) does not support their direct links with kimberlite magmatism; however, their short occurrence in the mantle at higher temperatures is probable as well. The composition of melt/fluid microinclusions in these samples varies from essentially carbonatitic to significantly silicate. It is shown that the contents of MgO, CaO, Na2O, Cl, and P2O5 decrease with increasing content of silicates and water. Different mechanisms of the generation and evolution of diamond-forming media are discussed to explain the observed variations.
DS201910-2312
2019
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Kagi, H., Yurimoto, H., Shatsky, V. S.SiO2 inclusions in sublithospheric diamonds.Geochemistry International, Vol. 57, 9, pp. 964-972.Mantlediamond inclusions

Abstract: The paper describes mineralogical characteristics of SiO2 inclusions in sublithospheric diamonds, which typically have complicated growth histories showing alternating episodes of growth, dissolution, and postgrowth deformation and crushing processes. Nitrogen contents in all of the crystals do not exceed 71 ppm, and nitrogen is detected exclusively as B-defects. The carbon isotope composition of the diamonds varies from ?13? = -26.5 to -6.7‰. The SiO2 inclusions occur in association with omphacitic clinopyroxenes, majoritic garnets, CaSiO3, jeffbenite, and ferropericlase. All SiO2 inclusions are coesite, which is often associated with micro-blocks of kyanite in the same inclusions. It was suggested that these phases have been produced by the retrograde dissolution of primary Al-stishovite, which is also evidenced by the significant internal stresses in the inclusions and by deformations around them. The oxygen isotope composition of SiO2 inclusions in sublithospheric diamonds (?18O up to 12.9‰) indicates a crustal origin of the protoliths. The negative correlation between the ?18O of the SiO2 inclusions and the ?13C of their host diamonds reflects interaction processes between slab-derived melts and reduced mantle rocks at depths greater than 270 km.
DS201911-2544
2019
Zedgenizov, D.A.Malkovets, V.G., Rezvukhin, D.I., Griffin, W.L., Tretiakova, I.G., Pearson, N.J., Gibsher, A.A., Belousova, E.A., Zedgenizov, D.A., O'Reilly, S.Y.Re-Os dating of sulfide inclusions in Cr-pyropes from the Upper Muna kimberlites.Goldschmidt2019, 1p. AbstractRussiadeposit - Upper Muna

Abstract: Archean cratons are underlain by highly depleted subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). However, there are extensive evidences that Archean SCLM has been extensively refertilized by metasomatic processes, with the addition of Fe, Ca, and Al to depleted protoliths. The distribution of sub-calcic Cr-rich garnets in the SCLM beneath the Siberian craton suggests (1) sub-calcic garnets and diamonds are metasomatic phases in the cratonic SCLM; (2) the distribution of both phases is laterally heterogeneous on relatively small scales and related to ancient structural controls [1]. Re-Os isotopic compositions of twenty six sulfide inclusions in lherzolitic Cr-pyropes from Upper Muna kimberlites have been determined by laser ablation MCICPMS. Most analysed sulfides (~92%) have very low Re/Os ratios (<0.07), and their Re-depletion ages (TRD) form three major peaks: 3.4-2.8, 2.2-1.8 and 1.4-1.2 Ga (±0.03 Ga, mean 2s analytical uncertainty). One sulfide give the oldest TRD age at 4 Ga. Our data suggest that refertilization of the highly depleted SCLM and the introduction of Cr-pyrope garnet occurred in several episodes. The oldest age of ca 4 Ga indicate on the beginning of the formation of the depleted SCLM of the Siberian Craton in Hadean time [2].
DS202005-0774
2020
Zedgenizov, D.A.Yuryeva, O.P., Rakhmanova, M.I., Zedgenizov, D.A., Kalinina, V.V.Spectroscopic evidence of the origin of brown and pink diamonds family from Internatsionalnaya kimberlite pipe ( Siberian craton).Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 47, 20 doi.org/10/1007/ s00269-020-01088-5 19p. PdfRussiadeposit - International

Abstract: New spectroscopic data were obtained to distinguish the specific features of brown and pink diamonds from Internatsionalnaya kimberlite pipe (Siberian craton). It is shown that pink and brown samples differ markedly in the content and degree of aggregation of nitrogen defects. Pink diamonds generally have higher nitrogen content and a lower aggregation state compared to brown samples, which often show significant variations in nitrogen content and aggregation state between different growth zones. The 491 and 576 nm luminescent centres, which are signs of deformed brown diamonds, are absent or of low intensity in pink diamonds implying that high nitrogen content predominantly in A form in the pink diamonds had stiffened the diamonds against natural plastic deformation. The GR1 centre, formed by a neutrally charged vacancy, was observed only in pink diamonds, which may be due to their formation and storage in the mantle at lower-temperature conditions. Mineral inclusions indicate peridotitic and eclogitic paragenesis for studied brown and pink diamonds, respectively. It is suggested that brown diamonds have been formed in a primitive mantle at higher temperatures and/or stored there much longer.
DS202011-2070
2020
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zemnukhov, A.L., Reutsky, V.N., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Zhelonkin, R.Y., Kalinina, V.V.Subduction related population of diamonds in Yakutian placers, northeastern Siberian platform.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 175, 98 10.1007/s00410-020-01741-w 11p. PdfRussia, Yakutiadiamond crystallography

Abstract: The 35 paired diamond intergrowths of rounded colorless transparent and gray opaque crystals from the placers of northeastern Siberian Platform were investigated. Mineral inclusions (KFsp, Coe, E-Grt, Po) detected in studied samples belong to eclogitic paragenesis. The majority of studied samples have uniform ranges of nitrogen content (1126-1982 at. ppm) and carbon isotope composition (??16.8 to ??23.2 ‰). These characteristics pointing towards subducted material are possible sources for their genesis. Two samples consist of a gray opaque crystal with the subduction-related characteristics (?13C ca. ??21‰ and N ca. 1300 at. ppm) and a transparent crystal with low nitrogen content (412 and 29 at. ppm) and a heavy carbon isotopic composition (?13C ??4.2 and ??4.6‰) common for primary mantle range. The higher degree of nitrogen aggregation in the crystals with mantle-like characteristics testifies their longer storage in the mantle conditions. These samples reflect multistage diamond growth history and directly indicate the mixing of mantle and subduction carbon sources at the basement of subcontinental lithospheric mantle of northeastern Siberian Platform.
DS202012-2256
2020
Zedgenizov, D.A.Zedgenizov, D.A., Skuzovatov, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Pomazansky, B.S., Ragozin, A.:., Kalinina, V.V.Diamond forming HDFs tracking episodic mantle metasomatism beneath Nyurbinskaya kimberlite pipe (Siberian craton).Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 175, 106, 21p. PdfRussiadeposit - Nyurbinskaya

Abstract: We present a new dataset on the composition of high-density fluids (HDFs) in cloudy (n?=?25), coated (n?=?10) and cuboid (n?=?10) diamonds from the Nyurbinskaya kimberlite pipe. These diamonds represent different populations each showing distinct growth histories. The cores of coated diamonds display multiple growth stages and contrasting sources of carbon. Fibrous coats and cuboid diamonds have similar carbon isotopes and nitrogen systematics, suggesting their formation in the last metasomatic events related to kimberlite magmatism, as is common for most such diamonds worldwide. The HDFs in most of these diamonds span a wide range from low-Mg carbonatitic to hydrous silicic compositions. The major- and trace-element variations suggest that the sources for such HDFs range in composition between the depleted mantle and more fertile mantle reservoirs. Hydrous-silicic HDFs could originate from a 13C-enriched source, which originates through subduction of crustal metasedimentary material. Percolation of such HDFs through carbonated eclogites and peridotites facilitates the formation of cuboid diamonds and fibrous coats in the mantle section beneath the corresponding area of the Siberian craton. Cloudy diamonds represent an apparently older population, reflecting continuous diamond formation predominantly from high-Mg carbonatitic HDFs that caused discrete episodes of diamond precipitation. Their high Mg# and enrichment in incompatible elements support a metasomatized peridotitic source for these HDFs.
DS202101-0019
2020
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kalugina, A.D., Zedgenizov, D.A.Micro-Raman spectroscopy assessment of chemical compounds of mantle clinopyroxenes. ( diamond)Minerals MDPI, Vol. 10, 1084, doi:10.3390/ min10121084 10p. PdfMantlespectroscopy

Abstract: The composition of clinopyroxenes is indicative for chemical and physical properties of mantle substrates. In this study, we present the results of Raman spectroscopy examination of clinopyroxene inclusions in natural diamonds (n = 51) and clinopyroxenes from mantle xenoliths of peridotites and eclogites from kimberlites (n = 28). The chemical composition of studied clinopyroxenes shows wide variations indicating their origin in different mantle lithologies. All clinopyroxenes have intense Raman modes corresponding to metal-oxygen translation (~300-500 cm?1), stretching vibrations of bridging O-Si-Obr (?11~670 cm?1), and nonbridging atoms O-Si-Onbr (?16~1000 cm?1). The peak position of the stretching vibration mode (?11) for the studied clinopyroxenes varies in a wide range (23 cm?1) and generally correlates with their chemical composition and reflects the diopside-jadeite heterovalent isomorphism. These correlations may be used for rough estimation of these compounds using the non-destructive Raman spectroscopy technique.
DS202108-1267
2021
Zedgenizov, D.A.Agasheva, E.V., Kolesnichenko, M.V., Malygina, E.V., Agashev, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A.Origin of water in mantle eclogites from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe, NW Russia.Lithosphere, Vol. 2021, 7866657, 18p. PdfRussia, Arkangelskdeposit - Grib

Abstract: The water content in the garnet and clinopyroxene in the mantle eclogites from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe (Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province, NW Russia) was analysed using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The results show that all clinopyroxene grains contained structural water at concentrations of 39 to 247?ppm, whereas two garnet samples contained detectable water at concentrations of 211 and 337?ppm. The low-MgO eclogites with oceanic gabbro precursors contained significantly higher water concentrations in the omphacites (70-247?ppm) and whole rock (35-224?ppm) compared to those with oceanic basalt protoliths (49-73?ppm and 20-36?ppm, respectively). The incorporation of water into the clinopyroxene may be associated with vacancies at the M2 site, Al in the tetrahedral position, and the elements that filled the M2 site (mostly Na and Ca). The highest water content in the omphacite was detected in a nonmetasomatised sample and was assumed to represent residual water that survived during subduction. Other eclogite samples showed signs of modal and/or cryptic metasomatism and contained less water in the omphacites compared to the nonmetasomatised sample. The water content was heterogeneous within the eclogite section of the sampled lithospheric mantle. The lack of distinct and uniform correlations between the indices of eclogite modification and their water content indicated that the saturation with water was disturbed during their residence within the lithospheric mantle.
DS202108-1292
2021
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kaminsky, F.V., Zedgenizov, D.A.Composition, structure and dynamics of the Earth's lower mantle. Introduction for special issueLithos, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.lithos. 2021.106335, 4p. PdfMantlegeodynamics

Abstract: The issue is devoted to new data on composition, structure and dynamics of the Earth’s lower mantle. The Earth’s lower mantle is the largest portion of our planet, comprising more than 50 % of its volume, but major questions remain as to chemical composition, thermal regime and global heterogeneity, as well as to its role in controlling mantle dynamic processes. The composition of the lower mantle is now understood to be more complex than had been suggested in theoretic and experimental works based solely on ‘pyrolitic’ compositions. Little is known about lower-mantle mineralogy and phase chemistry, especially at greater depth. Recent studies of inclusions in so-called superdeep diamonds have revealed a range of mineral associations having their specific geochemical features. Aside from a few inclusions found in diamonds, the mineralogy of the lower mantle is, for the most part, inferred from the results of theoretic and experimental data resembling natural environments. This volume presents new results on all aspects of composition of lower mantle including high pressure measurements, petrology and geochemistry, as well as numerical modelling of both the propagation of seismic waves and the geochemical composition and physical state of the deepest mantle rocks.
DS202109-1486
2021
Zedgenizov, D.A.Ragozin, A.I., Agashev, A.M., Zedgenizov, D.A., Denisenko, A.A.Evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Nakyn kimberlite field: evidence from garnets in the peridotite xenoliths of the Nyurba and Botuoba pipes.Geochemistry International, Vol. 59, 8, pp. 743-756. pdfRussia, Siberiadeposit - Nyurba, Botuoba

Abstract: The paper presents data on garnets from serpentinized peridotite xenoliths in the Nyurba and Botuoba kimberlite pipes of the Nakyn kimberlite field. The major and trace-element compositions of the garnets were analyzed to determine their compositional specifics and genesis. Based on the REE content and chondrite-normalized distribution patterns, the garnets are divided into two types with sinusoidal ((Sm/Er)n > 1) and normal ((Sm/Er)n < 1) REE distribution patterns. In terms of the Y, Zr, Ti, and Eu relations, and the shape of REE distribution pattern, all the garnets correspond to garnets of metasomatized peridotites, except for one sample falling into the field of depleted garnets of harzburgite-dunite paragenesis. The geochemical characteristics of the garnets record two types of metasomatic agents: carbonatite/fluid for type 1 garnets and silicate/melt for type 2 garnets. The carbonatite metasomatic agent produced harzburgitic garnet and its further transformation into lherzolitic garnet. Silicate metasomatism, which led to the formation of the REE pattern of type 2 garnets, likely overprinted two different types of garnets and, respectively, gave two evolutionary trends. These are depleted residual garnets and type 1 garnets previously subjected to carbonatite metasomatism. The low Y and Th contents in combination with the low Ti/Eu ratios in garnets suggest a moderate reworking of lithospheric peridotites by silicate melts, which is consistent with the high diamond grade of the Nakyn kimberlite field.
DS202202-0196
2022
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kaminsky, F.V., Zedgenizov, D.A.First find of merrillite Ca3(PO4)2 in a terrestrial environment as an inclusions in lower mantle diamond.American Mineralogist, 10.2138/am-2022-8175Mantlemineralogy
DS202205-0692
2022
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kaminsky, F.V., Zedgenizov, D.A.First find of merrillite Ca3(P04)2 in a terrestrial environment as an inclusion in lower-mantle diamond. Rio SorisoAmerican Mineralogist, in press 19p. PdfSouth America, Brazildiamond inclusions
DS202205-0693
2022
Zedgenizov, D.A.Kaminsky, F.V., Zedgenizov, D.A., Sevastyanov, V.S., Kuznetsova, O.V.Low- and high-fe ferropericlase inclusions in super-deep diamonds and their depth of origin: an example from the Juina area, Brazil.Lithos, South America, Brazildeposit - Juina

Abstract: Alluvial diamonds from the Juina area in Mato Grosso, Brazil, have been characterized in terms of their morphology, syngenetic mineral inclusions, carbon isotopes and nitrogen contents. Morphologically, they are similar to other Brazilian diamonds, showing a strong predominance of rounded dodecahedral crystals. However, other characteristics of the Juina diamonds make them unique. The inclusion parageneses of Juina diamonds are dominated by ultra-high-pressure ("superdeep") phases that differ both from "traditional" syngenetic minerals associated with diamonds and, in detail, from most other superdeep assemblages. Ferropericlase is the dominant inclusion in the Juina diamonds. It coexists with ilmenite, Cr-Ti spinel, a phase with the major-element composition of olivine, and SiO2. CaSi-perovskite inclusions coexist with titanite (sphene), "olivine" and native Ni. MgSi-perovskite coexists with TAPP (tetragonal almandine-pyrope phase). Majoritic garnet occurs in one diamond, associated with CaTi-perovskite, Mn-ilmenite and an unidentified Si-Mg phase. Neither Cr-pyrope nor Mg-chromite was found as inclusions. The spinel inclusions are low in Cr and Mg, and high in Ti (Cr2O3<36.5 wt%, and TiO2>10 wt%). Most ilmenite inclusions have low MgO contents, and some have very high (up to 11.5 wt%) MnO contents. The rare "olivine" inclusions coexisting with ferropericlase have low Mg# (87-89), and higher Ca, Cr and Zn contents than typical diamond-inclusion olivines. They are interpreted as inverted from spinel-structured (Mg, Fe)2Si2O4. This suite of inclusions is consistent with derivation of most of the diamonds from depths near 670 km, and adds ilmenite and relatively low-Cr, high-Ti spinel to the known phases of the superdeep paragenesis. Diamonds from the Juina area are characterized by a narrow range of carbon isotopic composition (ཉC=-7.8 to -2.5?), except for the one majorite-bearing diamond (ཉC=-11.4?). There are high proportions of nitrogen-free and low-nitrogen diamonds, and the aggregated B center is predominant in nitrogen-containing diamonds. These observations have practical consequences for diamond exploration: Low-Mg olivine, low-Mg and high-Mn ilmenite, and low-Cr spinel should be included in the list of diamond indicator minerals, and the role of high-Cr, low-Ti spinel as the only spinel associated with diamond, and hence as a criterion of diamond grade in kimberlites, should be reconsidered.
DS200812-1123
2008
Zedgenizov, D.A.A.A.Stepanov, A.A.S.A., Shatsky, V.A.S.A., Zedgenizov, D.A.A.A., Ragozin, A.A.L.A.Chemical heterogenity in the Diamondiferous eclogite xenolith from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 419, 1, pp. 308-311.RussiaGeochemistry - Udachnaya
DS201012-0701
2010
Zedhenizov, D.A.Shiryaev, A.A., Johner, N., Zedhenizov, D.A.Infra red mapping of defects in diamonds using a focal plane array ( FPA) detector.International Mineralogical Association meeting August Budapest, abstract p. 693.TechnologyDiamond inclusion - nitrogen
DS1988-0714
1988
Zee, R.Tzeng, Y., Kung, P.J., Zee, R., Legg, K., Solnick-Legg, H., BurnsSpiral hollow cathode plasma assisted diamond depositionAppl. Phys. Letters, Vol. 53, No. 23, pp. 2326-2327GlobalDiamond coatings, Diamond applications
DS1992-0198
1992
Zeegers, H.Butt, C.R.M., Zeegers, H.Regolith exploration geochemistry in tropical and subtropical terrainsElsevier, 600pAustralia, Africa, Algeria, Burkina Faso, Sudan, MaliGeochemistry -laterites, Book -table of contents
DS1994-0549
1994
Zeegers, H.Freyssinet, Ph., Zeegers, H.A quantitative approach to gold signal evolution in terms of lateriticcontextsFrench Geological Survey (BRGM) Principal Scient. Technology Research 1992-3, pp. 119-120GlobalGold, weathering, laterites, Deposit -Kangaba, Posse, Mborguene, Ity, Dondo Mobi
DS1994-1979
1994
Zeese, R.Zeese, R., Scwertmann, U., Tietz, G.F., Jux, U.Mineralogy and stratigraphy of three deep lateritic profiles of the Josplateau (Central Nigeria)Catena, Laterization and Supergene Ore, Vol. 21, No. 2-3, pp. 195-214NigeriaMIneralogy, Laterization
DS2001-1297
2001
Zegers, T.Zegers, T., Van Keken, P.E.Middle Archean continent formation by crustal delaminationGeology, Vol. 29, No. 12, Dec. pp. 1083-6.AustraliaPilbara Craton, eclogite
DS1999-0826
1999
Zegers, T.E.Zegers, T.E., De Wit, M.J., White, S.H.Vaalbara, Earth's oldest assembled continent? a combined structural, geochronological, paleomagnetic..Terra Nova, Vol. 10, No. 5, p. 250-259.Paleomagnetics, tectonics
DS2003-1342
2003
Zegers, T.E.Strik, G., Blake, T.S., Zegers, T.E., White, S.H., Langereis, C.G.Paleomagnetism of flood basalts in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia: Late ArcheanJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, No. B 12, Dec. 3, 10.1029/2003JB002475AustraliaGeophysics - paleomagnetics, tectonics
DS200412-1937
2003
Zegers, T.E.Strik, G., Blake, T.S., Zegers, T.E., White, S.H., Langereis, C.G.Paleomagnetism of flood basalts in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia: Late Archean continental drift and the oldest known reJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, No. B 12, Dec. 3, 10.1029/2003 JB002475AustraliaGeophysics - paleomagnetics, tectonics
DS200612-1585
2006
Zegrenizov, D.A.Zegrenizov, D.A., Harte, B., Shatsky, V.S., Politov, A.A., Rylov, G.M., Sobolev, N.V.Directional chemical variations in diamonds showing octahedral following cuboid growth.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 151, 1, Jan. pp. 45-57.Russia, YakutiaMineral chemistry, subduction
DS200712-1219
2007
Zeh, A.Zeh, A., Gerdes, A., Klemd, R., Barton, J.M.Jr.Archean to Proterzooic crustal evolution in the Central Zone of the Limpopo belt ( South Africa - Botswana ): constraints from combined U Pb and Lu Hf isotope analyses of zircon.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 48, 8, pp.1605-1639.Africa, South Africa, BotswanaGeochronology
DS200712-1220
2007
Zeh, A.Zeh, A., Gerdes, A., Klemd, R., Barton, J.M.Jr.Archean to Proterzooic crustal evolution in the Central Zone of the Limpopo belt ( South Africa - Botswana ): constraints from combined U Pb and Lu Hf isotope analyses of zircon.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 48, 8, pp.1605-1639.Africa, South Africa, BotswanaGeochronology
DS200812-0570
2008
Zeh, A.Kirchenbauer, M., Zeh, A., Klemd, R.Multiple crustal growth and recycling processes inferred from U-Pb and Lu-Hf zircons - evidence from the Limpopo Belt, South Africa.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A475.Africa, South AfricaGeochronology
DS200812-1307
2008
Zeh, A.Zeh, A., Gerdes, A., Klemd, R., Barton, J.M.U Pb and Lu Hf isotope record of detrital zircon grains from the Limpopo Belt - evidence for crustal recycling at the Hadean to Early Archean transition.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 72, 21, Nov. 1, pp. 5304-5329.Africa, ZimbabweGeochronology
DS201112-1157
2011
Zeh, A.Zeh, A., Gerdes, A., Millonig, L.Hafnium isotope record of the Ancient Gneiss Complex, Swaziland, southern Africa: evidence for Archean crust-mantle formation and crust reworking between 3.66 and 2.73 Ga.Journal of the Geological Society, Vol. 168, pp. 953-964.Africa, SwazilandGeochronology
DS201412-0321
2014
Zeh, A.Groulier, P.A., Andre-Mayer, A.S., Ohnenstetter, D., Zeh, A., Moukhsil, A., Solgadi, F., El Basbas, A.Petrology, geochemistry and age of the Crevier alkaline intrusion.GAC-MAC Annual Meeting May, abstract 1p.Canada, QuebecAlkalic
DS201512-1971
2015
Zeh, A.Solgadi, F., Groulier, P.A, Moukhsil, A., Ohnenstetter, D., Andre-Mayer, A.S., Zeh, A.Nb-Ta-REE mineralization associated with the Crevier alkaline intrusion.Symposium on critical and strategic materials, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2015-3, held Nov. 13-14, pp. 69-74.Canada, QuebecAlkalic

Abstract: The Crevier alkaline intrusion is in the Grenville Province, north of the Lac Saint-Jean region of Québec (Fig. 1). It covers ~25 km2 (Bergeron, 1980) and intrudes charnockitic suites in the allochthon belt defi ned by Rivers et al. (1989). This intrusion has a U-Pb zircon age of 957.5 ± 2.9 Ma (Groulier et al., 2014) and is oriented N320°, along the axis of crustal weakness known as the Waswanipi-Saguenay corridor (Bernier and Moorhead, 2000). This corridor is related to the Saguenay graben, which hosts the Saint-Honoré (Niobec) Nb-Ta-REE deposit and Montviel REE deposit. The age of the Saint-Honoré carbonatite was estimated at 584 to 650 Ma (K-Ar whole rock; Vallée and Dubuc, 1970; Boily and Gosselin, 2004). The Montviel intrusion has a U-Pb zircon age of 1894 ± 3.5 Ma (David et al., 2006; Goutier, 2006). These crystallization ages are very different and cannot be related to a single event for the injection of alkaline intrusions. As mapped by Bergeron (1980), the Crevier alkaline intrusion is broadly composed of syenite and carbonatite rocks (Fig. 2). The Nb- Ta mineralization consists of pyrochlore hosted by a nepheline syenite dike swarm in the centre of the intrusion. The highest REE concentrations, up to 729 ppm La and 1465 ppm Ce, are at the edge of the Crevier alkaline intrusion (Niotaz sud showing; Fig. 2).
DS201711-2500
2017
Zehra, F.Asthana, D., Kumar, S., Kumar Vind, A., Zehra, F., Kumar, H., Pophare, A.M.Geochemical fingerprinting of ~ 2.5 Ga forearc-arc-backarc related magmatic suites in the Bastar Craton, central India.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, in press available, 17p.Indiageodynamics

Abstract: The Pitepani volcanic suite of the Dongargarh Supergroup, central India comprises of a calc-alkaline suite and a tholeiitic suite, respectively. The rare earth element (REE) patterns, mantle normalized plots and relict clinopyroxene chemistry of the Pitepani calc-alkaline suite are akin to high-Mg andesites (HMA) and reveal remarkable similarity to the Cenozoic Setouchi HMA from Japan. The Pitepani HMAs are geochemically correlated with similar rocks in the Kotri-Dongargarh mobile belt (KDMB) and in the mafic dykes of the Bastar Craton. The rationale behind lithogeochemical correlations are that sanukitic HMAs represent fore-arc volcanism over a very limited period of time, under abnormally high temperature conditions and are excellent regional and tectonic time markers. Furthermore, the tholeiitic suites that are temporally and spatially associated with the HMAs in the KDMB and in the mafic dykes of the Bastar Craton are classified into: (a) a continental back-arc suite that are depleted in incompatible elements, and (b) a continental arc suite that are more depleted in incompatible elements, respectively. The HMA suite, the continental back-arc and continental arc suites are lithogeochemically correlated in the KDMB and in the mafic dykes of the Bastar Craton. The three geochemically distinct Neoarchaean magmatic suites are temporally and spatially related to each other and to an active continental margin. The identification of three active continental margin magmatic suites for the first time, provides a robust conceptual framework to unravel the Neoarchaean geodynamic evolution of the Bastar Craton. We propose an active continental margin along the Neoarchaen KDMB with eastward subduction coupled with slab roll back or preferably, ridge-subduction along the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) to account for the three distinct magmatic suites and the Neoarchean geodynamic evolution of the Bastar Craton.
DS201805-0933
2018
Zehra, F.Asthana, D., Kumar, S., Vind, A.K., Zehra, F., Kumar, H., Pophare, A.M.Geochemical fingerprinting of ~2.5 Ga forearc-arc-backarc related magmatic suites in the Bastar Craton, central India.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 157, pp. 218-234.IndiaCraton

Abstract: The Pitepani volcanic suite of the Dongargarh Supergroup, central India comprises of a calc-alkaline suite and a tholeiitic suite, respectively. The rare earth element (REE) patterns, mantle normalized plots and relict clinopyroxene chemistry of the Pitepani calc-alkaline suite are akin to high-Mg andesites (HMA) and reveal remarkable similarity to the Cenozoic Setouchi HMA from Japan. The Pitepani HMAs are geochemically correlated with similar rocks in the Kotri-Dongargarh mobile belt (KDMB) and in the mafic dykes of the Bastar Craton. The rationale behind lithogeochemical correlations are that sanukitic HMAs represent fore-arc volcanism over a very limited period of time, under abnormally high temperature conditions and are excellent regional and tectonic time markers. Furthermore, the tholeiitic suites that are temporally and spatially associated with the HMAs in the KDMB and in the mafic dykes of the Bastar Craton are classified into: (a) a continental back-arc suite that are depleted in incompatible elements, and (b) a continental arc suite that are more depleted in incompatible elements, respectively. The HMA suite, the continental back-arc and continental arc suites are lithogeochemically correlated in the KDMB and in the mafic dykes of the Bastar Craton. The three geochemically distinct Neoarchaean magmatic suites are temporally and spatially related to each other and to an active continental margin. The identification of three active continental margin magmatic suites for the first time, provides a robust conceptual framework to unravel the Neoarchaean geodynamic evolution of the Bastar Craton. We propose an active continental margin along the Neoarchaen KDMB with eastward subduction coupled with slab roll back or preferably, ridge-subduction along the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) to account for the three distinct magmatic suites and the Neoarchean geodynamic evolution of the Bastar Craton.
DS1991-1922
1991
Zeil, P.Zeil, P., Volk, P., Saradeth, S.Geophysical methods for lineament studies in groundwater exploration: acase history from southeast BotswanaGeoexploration, Vol. 27, No. 1-2, February pp. 165-178BotswanaGeophysics, Lineaments
DS1995-2122
1995
Zeilik, B.S.Zeilik, B.S.Probability of existance of rich gem quality diamonds depositsProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 682-683.Russia, KazakhstanDiamond, Metamorphic
DS1991-1923
1991
Zeilinga de Boer, J.Zeilinga de Boer, J., Defant, M.J., Stewart, R.H., Bellon, H.Evidence for active subduction below western PanamaGeology, Vol. 19, No. 6, June pp. 649-652GlobalGeochronology, Geophysics
DS2002-1414
2002
Zeilinger, G.Schaltegger, U., Zeilinger, G., Frank, M., Burg, J.P.Multiple mantle sources during island arc magmatism. U Pb and Hf isotopic evidence from the Kohistan arc complex, Pakistan.Terra Nova, Vol. 14, 6, pp. 46-8.PakistanMagmatism - not specific to diamonds. Geochronology
DS1992-1731
1992
Zeintek, M.L.Zeintek, M.L., Pardiarto, B., Simandjuntak, H.R.W., Wikrama, A.Placer and lode platinum group minerals in South Kalimantan, Indonesia:Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 39, No. 3, Part 2, July pp. 405-418Indonesia, KalimantanAlluvials -not specific to diamonds, Ultramafics
DS1975-0899
1978
Zeissink, H.E.Zeissink, H.E.Yambarra Diamond ProspectIn: Prospectus of Ashton Mining N.l., P. 19; P. 21.Australia, Northern TerritoryStuart Block, Fitzmaurice Belt, Prospecting
DS1990-1619
1990
Zeitler, K.M.Zeitler, K.M.The globalization of the mining and exploration businessPreprint from PDA, March 1990 (Pres. and CEO of Metall Mining Corporation, 13pGlobalEconomics, Exploration overview -Falconbridge
DS1997-0429
1997
Zeitler, P.K.Gorring, M.L., Kay, S.M., Zeitler, P.K., et al.Neogene Patagonian plateau lavas: continental magmas associated with ridge collision Chile Triple junctionTectonics, Vol. 16, No. 1, Feb. pp. 1-17ChileTectonics, Subduction
DS201805-0962
2018
Zeitler, P.K.McDannell, K.T., Zeitler, P.K., Schneider, D.A.Instability of the southern Canadian Shield during the late Proterozoic.Earth Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 490, pp. 100-109.Canadacraton

Abstract: Cratons are generally considered to comprise lithosphere that has remained tectonically quiescent for billions of years. Direct evidence for stability is mainly founded in the Phanerozoic sedimentary record and low-temperature thermochronology, but for extensive parts of Canada, earlier stability has been inferred due to the lack of an extensive rock record in both time and space. We used 40Ar/39Ar multi-diffusion domain (MDD) analysis of K-feldspar to constrain cratonic thermal histories across an intermediate (~150-350°C) temperature range in an attempt to link published high-temperature geochronology that resolves the timing of orogenesis and metamorphism with lower-temperature data suited for upper-crustal burial and unroofing histories. This work is focused on understanding the transition from Archean-Paleoproterozoic crustal growth to later intervals of stability, and how uninterrupted that record is throughout Earth’s Proterozoic "Middle Age." Intermediate-temperature thermal histories of cratonic rocks at well-constrained localities within the southern Canadian Shield of North America challenge the stability worldview because our data indicate that these rocks were at elevated temperatures in the Proterozoic. Feldspars from granitic rocks collected at the surface cooled at rates of <0.5°C/Ma subsequent to orogenesis, seemingly characteristic of cratonic lithosphere, but modeled thermal histories suggest that at ca. 1.1-1.0 Ga these rocks were still near ~200°C - signaling either reheating, or prolonged residence at mid-crustal depths assuming a normal cratonic geothermal gradient. After 1.0 Ga, the regions we sampled then underwent further cooling such that they were at or near the surface (<< 60°C) in the early Paleozoic. Explaining mid-crustal residence at 1.0 Ga is challenging. A widespread, prolonged reheating history via burial is not supported by stratigraphic information, however assuming a purely monotonic cooling history requires at the very least 5 km of exhumation beginning at ca. 1.0 Ga. A possible explanation may be found in evidence of magmatic underplating that thickened the crust, driving uplift and erosion. The timing of this underplating coincides with Mid-Continent extension, Grenville orogenesis, and assembly of the supercontinent Rodinia. 40Ar/39Ar MDD data demonstrate that this technique can be successfully applied to older rocks and fill in a large observational gap. These data also raise questions about the evolution of cratons during the Proterozoic and the nature of cratonic stability across deep time.
DS201810-2354
2018
Zeitler, P.K.McDannell, K.T., Zeitler, P.K., Schneider, D.A.Instability of the southern Canadian shield during the Late Proterozoic.researchgate.com, 29p. PdfCanadacraton

Abstract: Cratons are generally considered to comprise lithosphere that has remained tectonically quiescent for billions of years. Direct evidence for stability is mainly founded in the Phanerozoic sedimentary record and low-temperature thermochronology, but for extensive parts of Canada, earlier stability has been inferred due to the lack of an extensive rock record in both time and space. We used 40Ar/39Ar multi-diffusion domain (MDD) analysis of K-feldspar to constrain cratonic thermal histories across an intermediate (?150-350?°C) temperature range in an attempt to link published high-temperature geochronology that resolves the timing of orogenesis and metamorphism with lower-temperature data suited for upper-crustal burial and unroofing histories. This work is focused on understanding the transition from Archean-Paleoproterozoic crustal growth to later intervals of stability, and how uninterrupted that record is throughout Earth's Proterozoic “Middle Age.” Intermediate-temperature thermal histories of cratonic rocks at well-constrained localities within the southern Canadian Shield of North America challenge the stability worldview because our data indicate that these rocks were at elevated temperatures in the Proterozoic. Feldspars from granitic rocks collected at the surface cooled at rates of <0.5?°C/Ma subsequent to orogenesis, seemingly characteristic of cratonic lithosphere, but modeled thermal histories suggest that at ca. 1.1-1.0 Ga these rocks were still near ?200?°C - signaling either reheating, or prolonged residence at mid-crustal depths assuming a normal cratonic geothermal gradient. After 1.0 Ga, the regions we sampled then underwent further cooling such that they were at or near the surface (?60?°C) in the early Paleozoic. Explaining mid-crustal residence at 1.0 Ga is challenging. A widespread, prolonged reheating history via burial is not supported by stratigraphic information, however assuming a purely monotonic cooling history requires at the very least 5 km of exhumation beginning at ca. 1.0 Ga. A possible explanation may be found in evidence of magmatic underplating that thickened the crust, driving uplift and erosion. The timing of this underplating coincides with Mid-Continent extension, Grenville orogenesis, and assembly of the supercontinent Rodinia. 40Ar/39Ar MDD data demonstrate that this technique can be successfully applied to older rocks and fill in a large observational gap. These data also raise questions about the evolution of cratons during the Proterozoic and the nature of cratonic stability across deep time.
DS202012-2215
2020
Zeitler, P.K.Gautheron, C., Zeitler, P.K.Noble gases deliver cool dates from hot rocks. Elements, Vol. 16, pp. 303-309.MantleThermochronology

Abstract: Heat transfer in the solid Earth drives processes that modify temperatures, leaving behind a clear signature that we can measure using noble gas thermochronology. This allows us to record the thermal histories of rocks and obtain the timing, rate, and magnitude of phenomena such as erosion, deformation, and fluid flow. This is done by measuring the net balance between the accumulation of noble gas atoms from radioactive decay and their loss by temperature-activated diffusion in mineral grains. Together with knowledge about noble gas diffusion in common minerals, we can then use inverse models of this accumulation-diffusion balance to recover thermal histories. This approach is now a mainstream method by which to study geodynamics and Earth evolution.
DS1995-1974
1995
Zeitler. P.K.Vandervoot, D.S., Jordan, R.E., Zeitler. P.K., Alonso, R.N.Chronology of internal drainage and uplift southern Puna plateau, Argentine central AndesGeology, Vol. 23, No. 2, Feb. pp. 145-148Andes, ArgentinaGeochronology, Tectonics
DS1975-1267
1979
Zeitner, J.C.Zeitner, J.C.Diamonds Are UniversalLapidary Journal, Vol. 33, No. 1, P. 284.GlobalHistory, Diamonds Notable
DS1984-0791
1984
Zeitner, J.C.Zeitner, J.C.Some Record Setting Gems of the World. DiamondsLapidary Journal, Vol. 3, No. 11, P. 1580.GlobalDiamonds Notable, Size, Names
DS1984-0792
1984
Zeitner, J.C.Zeitner, J.C.Collect Emeralds, Diamonds, Rubies and More for a FeeLapidary Journal, Vol. 38, No. 1, PP. 62-77.United States, New YorkProspecting, Herkimer
DS1988-0778
1988
Zeitner, J.C.Zeitner, J.C.U.S. diamond prospectsLapidary Journal, Vol. 41, No. 12, March pp. 21, 22, 24, 26, 27ArkansasOverview, Diamond prospecting activ
DS1991-1924
1991
Zeitner, J.C.Zeitner, J.C.The Lewis and Clark diamondLapidary Journal, Vol. 45, No. 5, August pp. 79-88MontanaDiamond notable, Lewis and Clark
DS1860-1051
1898
Zeitschr. F. Prakt. GeolZeitschr. F. Prakt. GeolDie Diamanten AustraliensZeitschr. F. Prakt. Geol., P. 405.Australia, New South WalesDiamond Occurrence
DS1900-0007
1900
Zeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheZeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheDiamant Production #3Zeitschr. F. Prakt. Geol., Vol. 8, P. 335.Africa, South AfricaDiamond Production
DS1900-0157
1903
Zeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheZeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheDiamanten ProduktionZeitschr. F. Prakt. Geol., Vol. 11, P. 188.Africa, South AfricaMining Economics, Statistics
DS1900-0230
1904
Zeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheZeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheDiamant Production #2Zeitschr. F. Prakt. Geol., Vol. 12, P. 67; P. 110; P. 188.Africa, South AfricaDiamond Production
DS1900-0296
1905
Zeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheZeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheDiamant Production #5Zeitschr. F. Prakt. Geol., Vol. 13, PP. 382-383.Africa, South AfricaDiamond Production
DS1900-0299
1905
Zeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheZeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheDiamanten ProduktionZeitschr. F. Prakt. Geol., Vol. 13, PP. 382-383.Africa, South AfricaMining Economics
DS1900-0639
1908
Zeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheZeitschrift fur Prakt. GeologisheDiamant Funde in ArkansasZeitschrift Min., Vol. 2, JULY 31ST. PP. 188-191.United States, Gulf Coast, Arkansas, PennsylvaniaDiamond Occurrence
DS1960-0770
1966
Zeitz, I.Zeitz, I.Crustal Study of a Continental Strip from the Atlantic Ocean to the Rocky Mountains.Geological Society of America (GSA) Bulletin., Vol. 77, PP. 1427-1448.GlobalMid-continent
DS1970-0326
1971
Zeitz, I.King, E.R., Zeitz, I.Aeromagnetic Study of the Midcontinent Gravity High of Central United States.Geological Society of America (GSA) Bulletin., Vol. 82, No. 8, PP. 2187-2207.GlobalGeophysics, Mid-continent
DS1975-0632
1977
Zeitz, I.Stewart, J.H., Moore, W.J., Zeitz, I.East-west Patterns of Cenozoic Igneous Rocks, Aeromagnetic Anomalies and Mineral Deposits, Nevada and Utah.Geological Society of America (GSA) Bulletin., Vol. 88, PP. 67-77.GlobalMid-continent, Geophysics
DS1986-0074
1986
Zeitz, I.Bickford, M.E., Van Schmus, W.R., Zeitz, I.Proterozoic history of the mid-continent region of North AmericaGeology, Vol. 14, No. 6, June pp. 492-496MidcontinentTectonics
DS1994-0849
1994
Zeitz, I.Johnson, P.R., Zeitz, I., Thomas, W.A.Possible Neoproterozoic-early Paleozoic grabens in Mississippi, Alabama, and Tennessee.Geology, Vol. 22, No. 1, January pp. 11-14.Mississippi, Alabama, TennesseeTectonics, Grabens
DS2002-0676
2002
Zeitz, I.Hatcher, R.D., Zeitz, I.Crustal structure of the U.S. east of the Rockies from gravity and magnetic dat a and correlations..intraplate16th. International Conference On Basement Tectonics '02, Abstracts, 2p., 2p.AppalachiaGeophysics - seismics, Tectonics
DS1989-1370
1989
ZekaiSen, ZekaiCumulative semivariogram models of regionalized variablesMathematical Geology, Vol. 21, No. 8, November pp. 891-904GlobalGeostatistics, SemivariograM.
DS1992-1368
1992
ZekaiSen, ZekaiStandard cumulative semivariograms of stationary stochastic processes and regional correlationMathematical Geology, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 417-435GlobalComputers -semivariograms, Geostatistics
DS1987-0829
1987
Zekulin, A.Zekulin, A.Crustal and upper mantle velocity structure along the Appalachian foredeep in southern Ohio, Eastern Kentucky and Eastern TennesseeEos, abstractKentuckyTennessee, Appalachia
DS1990-1620
1990
Zelek, J.S.Zelek, J.S.Computer aided linear planimetric feature extractionIeee Transactions Of Geoscience And Remote Sensing, Vol. 28, No. 4, July pp. 567-572GlobalRemote sensing, Computer aided
DS201905-1075
2019
Zelemovskiy, P.S.Shchepetova, O.V., Korsakov, A.V., Zelemovskiy, P.S., Mikhailenko, D.S.The mechanism of disordered graphite formation in UHP diamond bearing complexes.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 484, 1, pp. 84-88.RussiaUHP

Abstract: Kyanite gneiss from the “New Barchinsky” locality (Kokchetav Massif) was studied in detail. This rock is characterized by zonal distribution of the C and SiO2 polymorphs in kyanite porphyroblasts: (1) cores with graphite and quartz inclusions; (2) clean overgrowth zone with inclusions of cuboctahedral diamond crystals. The Raman mapping of SiO2 polymorphs originally showed the presence of an association of disordered graphite + coesite “prohibited” in HT diamond-bearing rocks. Graphitization of diamond is the only likely mechanism of the disordered graphite formation in HT diamond-bearing rocks. However, the absence of disordered graphite in association with diamond in kyanite porphyroblasts from kyanite gneiss from the “New Barchinsky” locality eliminates the process of diamond graphitization at the retrograde stage. Most likely, crystallization of disordered graphite occurred at the retrograde stage from the UHP C-O-H fluid.
DS201610-1888
2016
Zelenovskiy, P.S.Mikhailenko, D.S., Korsakov, A.V., Golovin, A.V., Zelenovskiy, P.S., Pohilenko, N.P.The first finding of graphite inclusion in diamond from mantle rocks: the result of the study of eclogite xenolith from Udachnaya pipe ( Siberian craton).Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 469, 2, pp. 870-873.RussiaDeposit - Udachnaya

Abstract: A xenolith of eclogite from the kimberlite pipe Udachnaya-East, Yakutia Grt+Cpx+Ky + S + Coe/Qtz + Dia + Gr has been studied. Graphite inclusions in diamond have been studied in detail by Confocal Raman (CR) mapping. The graphite inclusion in diamond has a highly ordered structure and is characterized by a substantial shift in the band (about 1580 cm-1) by 7 cm-1, indicating a significant residual strain in the inclusion. According to the results of FTIR spectroscopic studies of diamond crystals, a high degree of nitrogen aggregation has been detected: it is present mainly in form A, which means an "ancient" age of the diamonds. In the xenolith studied, the diamond formation occurred about 1 Byr, long before their transport by the kimberlite melt, and the conditions of the final equilibrium were temperatures of 1020 ± 40°C at 4.7 GPa. Thus, these graphite inclusions found in a diamond are the first evidence of crystallization of metastable graphite in a diamond stability field. They were formed in rocks of the upper mantle significantly below (?20 km) the graphite-diamond equilibrium line.
DS201611-2124
2016
Zelenovskiy, P.S.Mikhailenko, D.S., Korsakov, A.V., Zelenovskiy, P.S., Golovin, A.V.Graphite diamond relations in mantle rocks: evidence from an eclogitic xenolith from the Udachnaya kimberlite, ( Siberian craton).American Mineralogist, Vol. 101, pp. 2155-2167.RussiaDeposit - Udachnaya

Abstract: Relations of graphite and diamond have been studied in a garnet-kyanite-clinopyroxene+sulfide+coesite/quartz+diamond+graphite eclogite xenolith from the Udachnaya-East kimberlite pipe in the Yakutian diamond province. Euhedral crystals of diamond and graphite occur in the intra- and intergranular space. The equilibrium conditions of diamond formation reconstructed by geothermobarometry for the Grt-Cpx-Ky-Coe mineral assemblage are 1020 ± 40 °C and 4.7 GPa. Raman imaging of graphite enclosed in diamond shows high ordering and a 9 cm?1 shift of the ~1580 cm?1 band. This Raman shift of graphite, as well as a 5 cm?1 shift of the 1332 cm?1 band of diamond, indicate large residual stress in graphite and in diamond around the inclusion, respectively. According to FTIR spectroscopy, nitrogen in diamond is highly aggregated and exists mainly as the A centers, while no other phases occur near graphite inclusions. Therefore, diamond in the analyzed eclogite sample must be quite old: it likely had crystallized long (~1 Byr) before it became entrained with kimberlite melt. New data show that graphite can stay in the upper mantle for billions of years without converting to diamond. Crystallization of various carbon polymorphs, both in laboratory and natural systems, remains poorly constrained. Graphite present in mantle and UHP rocks may be a metastable phase crystallized in the diamond stability field. This fact should be taken into consideration when deducing petrological constrains and distinguishing diamond and graphite subfacies in upper mantle.
DS202008-1438
2019
Zelenovskiy, P.S.Rezvukhina, O.V., Korsakov, A.V., Rezvukin, D.I., Zamyatin, D.A., Zelenovskiy, P.S., Greshnyakov, E.D., Shur, V.Y.A combined Raman spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence, and electron backscatter diffraction study of kyanite porphyroblasts from diamondiferous and diamond-free metamorphic rocks ( Kokchetav Massif).Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 13p. PdfRussialuminescence

Abstract: A series of precise nondestructive analytical methods (Raman spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence, and EBSD—electron backscatter diffraction) has been employed to investigate the internal textures of kyanite porphyroblasts from diamondiferous and diamond?free ultrahigh?pressure metamorphic rocks (Kokchetav massif, Northern Kazakhstan). Such internal kyanite characteristics as twinning, radial fibrous pattern, and spotty zoning were identified by means of Raman and cathodoluminescence imaging, whereas an intergrowth of two kyanite crystals was distinguished only by Raman imaging. The EBSD analysis recorded an ~10-25° changing of orientations along the elongation in the investigated kyanite porphyroblasts. The absence of a radial fibrous pattern and a spotty zoning on the EBSD maps indicates that these textures are not related to variations in crystallographic orientation. The absence of clear zoning patterns (cores, mantles, and rims) on the Raman, cathodoluminescence, or EBSD maps of the kyanite porphyroblasts indicates the rapid single?stage formation of these porphyroblasts near the peak metamorphic conditions and the lack of recrystallization processes. The obtained results provide important implications for deciphering of mineral internal textures, showing that the data obtained by cathodoluminescence mapping can be clearly reproduced by Raman imaging, with the latter method occasionally being even more informative. This observation is of significant importance for the study of minerals that are unexposed on a thin section surface or Fe? and Ni?rich minerals that do not show luminescence emission. The combination of the Raman spectroscopic, cathodoluminescence, and EBSD techniques may provide better spatial resolution for distinguishing different domains and textural peculiarities of mineral than the selective application of individual approaches.
DS202205-0736
2022
Zelenski, M.Zelenski, M., Plyasunov, A.V., Kamenetsky, V.S., Nikolai, N., Mateev, D.V., Korneeva, A.High-temperature water-olivine interaction and hydrogen liberation in the subarc mantle.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 177, 4. 10.1007/s00410-022-01910-zMantlewater

Abstract: Oxidized fluids in the subduction zone may convert polyvalent elements in the mantle to their higher valence states. The most abundant polyvalent element in the mantle is Fe, a significant part of which is contained in olivine as Fe2+. Results of the study of arc mantle xenoliths, in lab high-pressure-high-temperature experiments, and thermodynamic modeling have shown that at pressures of?~?50-2000 MPa and temperatures of 1000-1250 °C, well above the serpentine stability field, Fe2+ from olivine reacts with free aqueous fluid according to the following simplified reaction: 3Fe2SiO4?+?2H2O???3SiO2?+?2Fe3O4?+?2H2. The resulting ferric iron is preserved in spinel of a certain composition, (Mg,Fe2+)Fe3+2O4, whereas new high-Mg olivine, with magnesium number up to 96 in natural samples and 99.9 in experiments, forms in the reaction zone. SiO2 produced in the reaction either dissolves in the fluid or, with a small amount of water, reacts with olivine to form orthopyroxene as follows: (Mg,Fe)2SiO4?+?SiO2?=?(Mg,Fe)2Si2O6. The released H2 may decrease the oxidation state of polyvalent elements present in the fluid (e.g., S4+, S6+). Traces of high-temperature water-olivine interaction appear as swarms of fluid-spinel inclusions and are ubiquitous in olivine from ultramafic arc xenoliths. The described process is similar to serpentinization but occurs at higher pressure and temperature conditions and yields different reaction products. The reducing capacity of olivine is relatively low; however, given the large volume of mantle (and crustal) peridotites, the overall effect may be significant.
DS202008-1411
2020
Zelenski, M.E.Korneeva, A.A., Nikolai, N.A., Kamenetsky, V.S., Portnyagin, M.V., Savelyev, D.P., Krasheninnikov, S.P., Abersteiner, A., Kamenetsky, M.B., Zelenski, M.E., Shcherbakov, V.D., Botcharnikov, R.E.Composition, crystallization conditions and genesis of sulfide saturated parental melts of olivine-phyric rocks from Kamchatsky Mys ( Kamchatka, Russia).Lithos, 10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105657Russia, Kamchatkapicrites

Abstract: Sulfide liquids that immiscibly separate from silicate melts in different magmatic processes accumulate chalcophile metals and may represent important sources of the metals in Earth's crust for the formation of ore deposits. Sulfide phases commonly found in some primitive mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) may support the occurrence of sulfide immiscibility in the crust without requiring magma contamination and/or extensive fractionation. However, the records of incipient sulfide melts in equilibrium with primitive high-Mg olivine and Cr-spinel are scarce. Sulfide globules in olivine phenocrysts in picritic rocks of MORB-affinity at Kamchatsky Mys (Eastern Kamchatka, Russia) represent a well-documented example of natural immiscibility in primitive oceanic magmas. Our study examines the conditions of silicate-sulfide immiscibility in these magmas by reporting high precision data on the compositions of Cr-spinel and silicate melt inclusions, hosted in Mg-rich olivine (86.9-90 mol% Fo), which also contain globules of magmatic sulfide melt. Major and trace element contents of reconstructed parental silicate melts, redox conditions (?QFM = +0.1 ± 0.16 (1?) log. units) and crystallization temperature (1200-1285 °C), as well as mantle potential temperatures (~1350 °C), correspond to typical MORB values. We show that nearly 50% of sulfur could be captured in daughter sulfide globules even in reheated melt inclusions, which could lead to a significant underestimation of sulfur content in reconstructed silicate melts. The saturation of these melts in sulfur appears to be unrelated to the effects of melt crystallization and crustal assimilation, so we discuss the reasons for the S variations in reconstructed melts and the influence of pressure and other parameters on the SCSS (Sulfur Content at Sulfide Saturation).
DS1900-0722
1908
Zelizko, .V.Zelizko, .V.Kimberlite a Puvod Kapskych Diamantu Ziva Casopis Prirodovedecky.Ig (prague), Vol. 18, PP. 218-219.Africa, South AfricaGeology, Diamond, Kimberlite
DS1987-0771
1987
Zeller, E.J.Voveney, R.M.Jr., Goebel, E.D., Zeller, E.J., Dreschhoff, G.A.M.Serpentinization and the origin of hydrogen gas in KansasAmerican Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Bulletin, Vol. 71, No. 1 Jan. pp. 39-48KansasMidcontinent, Tectonics
DS1993-0370
1993
Zeller, E.J.Dort, W.Jr., Zeller, E.J.Extensive late-Quaternary faulting in the Mid-continent Great PlainsGeological Society of America Annual Abstract Volume, Vol. 25, No. 6, p. A70 abstract onlyNebraskaTectonics, Structure -faults
DS201212-0709
2012
Zellmer, G.F.Straub, S.M., Zellmer, G.F.Volcanic arcs as archives of plate tectonic change.Gondwana Research, Vol 21, 2-3, pp. 495-516.GlobalSubduction
DS201610-1877
2016
Zellmer, G.F.Kamenetsky, V.S., Maas, R., Kamenetsky, M.B., Yaxley, G.M., Ehrig, K., Zellmer, G.F., Bindeman, I.N., Sobolev, A.V., Kuzmin, D.V., Ivanov, A.V., Woodhead, J., Schilling, J-G.Multiple mantle sources of continental magmatism: insights from "high-Ti" picrites of Karoo and other large igneous provinces.Chemical Geology, in press available 10p.Africa, South AfricaLIP magmatism

Abstract: Magmas forming large igneous provinces (LIP) on continents are generated by extensive melting in the deep crust and underlying mantle and associated with break-up of ancient supercontinents, followed by formation of a new basaltic crust in the mid-oceanic rifts. A lack of the unifying model in understanding the sources of LIP magmatism is justified by lithological and geochemical complexity of erupted magmas on local (e.g. a cross-section) and regional (a single and different LIP) scales. Moreover, the majority of LIP rocks do not fit general criteria for recognizing primary/primitive melts (i.e. < 8 wt% MgO and absence of high-Fo olivine phenocrysts). This study presents the mineralogical (olivine, Cr-spinel, orthopyroxene), geochemical (trace elements and Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotopes) and olivine-hosted melt inclusion compositional characteristics of a single primitive (16 wt% MgO), high-Ti (2.5 wt% TiO2) picrite with high-Mg olivine (up to 91 mol% Fo) from the Letaba Formation in the ~ 180 Ma Karoo LIP (south Africa). The olivine compositions (unusually high ?18O (6.17‰), high NiO (0.36-0.56 wt%) and low MnO and CaO (0.12-0.20 and 0.12-0.22 wt%, respectively)) are used to argue for a non-peridotitic mantle source. This is supported by the enrichment of the rock and melts in most incompatible trace elements and depletion in heavy rare earth elements (e.g. high Gd/Yb) that reflects residual garnet in the source of melting. The radiogenic isotopes resemble those of the model enriched mantle (EM-1) and further argue for a long-term enrichment of the source in incompatible trace elements. The enriched high-Ti compositions, strongly fractionated incompatible trace elements, presence of primitive olivine and high-Cr spinel in the Letaba picrites are closely matched by olivine-phyric rocks from the ~ 260 Ma Emeishan (Yongsheng area, SW China) and ~ 250 Ma Siberian (Maimecha-Kotuy region, N Siberia) LIPs. However, many other compositional parameters (e.g. trace element and ?18O compositions of olivine phenocrysts, Fe2 +/Fe3 + in Cr-spinel, Sr-Nd-Hf isotope ratios) only partially overlap or even diverge. We thus imply that parental melts of enriched picritic rocks with forsteritic olivine from three major continental igneous provinces - Karoo, Emeishan and Siberia cannot be assigned to a common mantle source and similar melting conditions. The Karoo picrites also exhibit some mineralogical and geochemical similarities with rocks and glasses in the south Atlantic Ridge and adjacent fracture zones. The geodynamic reconstructions of the continental plate motions since break-up of the Gondwanaland in the Jurassic support the current position of the source of the Karoo magmatism in the southernmost Atlantic. Co-occurrence of modern and recent anomalous rocks with normal mid-ocean ridge basalts in this region can be related to blocks/rafts of the ancient lithosphere, stranded in the ambient upper mantle and occasionally sampled by rifting-related decompressional melting.
DS201707-1337
2017
Zellmer, G.F.Kamenetsky, V.S., Maas, R., Kamenetsky, M.B., Yaxley, G.M., Ehrig, K., Zellmer, G.F., Bindeman, I.N., Sobolev, A.V., Kuzmin, D.V., Ivanov, A.V., Woodhead, J., Schilling, J-G.Multiple mantle sources of continental magmatism: insights from high Ti picrites of Karoo and other large igneous provinces.Chemical Geology, Vol. 455, pp. 22-31.Africa, South Africamagmatism

Abstract: Magmas forming large igneous provinces (LIP) on continents are generated by extensive melting in the deep crust and underlying mantle and associated with break-up of ancient supercontinents, followed by formation of a new basaltic crust in the mid-oceanic rifts. A lack of the unifying model in understanding the sources of LIP magmatism is justified by lithological and geochemical complexity of erupted magmas on local (e.g. a cross-section) and regional (a single and different LIP) scales. Moreover, the majority of LIP rocks do not fit general criteria for recognizing primary/primitive melts (i.e. < 8 wt% MgO and absence of high-Fo olivine phenocrysts). This study presents the mineralogical (olivine, Cr-spinel, orthopyroxene), geochemical (trace elements and Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotopes) and olivine-hosted melt inclusion compositional characteristics of a single primitive (16 wt% MgO), high-Ti (2.5 wt% TiO2) picrite with high-Mg olivine (up to 91 mol% Fo) from the Letaba Formation in the ~ 180 Ma Karoo LIP (south Africa). The olivine compositions (unusually high ?18O (6.17‰), high NiO (0.36–0.56 wt%) and low MnO and CaO (0.12–0.20 and 0.12–0.22 wt%, respectively)) are used to argue for a non-peridotitic mantle source. This is supported by the enrichment of the rock and melts in most incompatible trace elements and depletion in heavy rare earth elements (e.g. high Gd/Yb) that reflects residual garnet in the source of melting. The radiogenic isotopes resemble those of the model enriched mantle (EM-1) and further argue for a long-term enrichment of the source in incompatible trace elements. The enriched high-Ti compositions, strongly fractionated incompatible trace elements, presence of primitive olivine and high-Cr spinel in the Letaba picrites are closely matched by olivine-phyric rocks from the ~ 260 Ma Emeishan (Yongsheng area, SW China) and ~ 250 Ma Siberian (Maimecha-Kotuy region, N Siberia) LIPs. However, many other compositional parameters (e.g. trace element and ?18O compositions of olivine phenocrysts, Fe2 +/Fe3 + in Cr-spinel, Sr-Nd-Hf isotope ratios) only partially overlap or even diverge. We thus imply that parental melts of enriched picritic rocks with forsteritic olivine from three major continental igneous provinces – Karoo, Emeishan and Siberia cannot be assigned to a common mantle source and similar melting conditions. The Karoo picrites also exhibit some mineralogical and geochemical similarities with rocks and glasses in the south Atlantic Ridge and adjacent fracture zones. The geodynamic reconstructions of the continental plate motions since break-up of the Gondwanaland in the Jurassic support the current position of the source of the Karoo magmatism in the southernmost Atlantic. Co-occurrence of modern and recent anomalous rocks with normal mid-ocean ridge basalts in this region can be related to blocks/rafts of the ancient lithosphere, stranded in the ambient upper mantle and occasionally sampled by rifting-related decompressional melting.
DS1998-0435
1998
Zelt, C.Flueh, E.R., Vidal, N., Zelt, C.Seismic investigation of the continental margin off and on shore ValparaisoChileTectonophysics, Vol. 288, No. 1-4, Mar. pp. 251-264ChileTectonics, Geophysics - seismic
DS200512-0624
2005
Zelt, C.Levander, A., Zelt, C., Magnani, M.B.Crust and upper mantle velocity structure of the Southern Rocky Mountains from the Jemez Lineament to the Cheyenne Belt.American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph, No. 154, pp. 293-308.United States,Wyoming, Colorado PlateauGeophysics - seismics, tectonics
DS202002-0205
2019
Zelt, C.Mazuera, F., Schmitz, M., Escalona, A., Zelt, C., Levander, A.Lithospheric structure of northwestern Venezuela from wide angle seismic data: implications for the understanding of continental margin evolution.Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 124, 12, pp. 13124-131249. ( open access)South America, Venezuelageophysics - seismic

Abstract: Northwestern Venezuela is located in the complex deformation zone between the Caribbean and South American plates. Several models regarding the lithospheric structure of the Mérida Andes have been proposed. Nevertheless, they lack relevant structural information in order to support the interpretation of deeper structures. Therefore, a 560?km?long refraction profile across the northern part of Mérida Andes, oriented in a NNW direction, covering areas from the Proterozoic basement in the south, to both Paleozoic and Meso?Cenozoic terranes of northwestern Venezuela to the north, is analyzed in this contribution. Thirteen land shots were recorded by 545 short?deployment seismometers, constraining P wave velocity models from first?arrival seismic tomography and layer?based inversion covering the whole crust in detail, with some hints to upper mantle structures. The most prominent features imaged are absence of a crustal root associated to the Mérida Andes, as the Northern Andes profile is located marginal to the Andean crustal domain, and low?angle subduction of the Caribbean oceanic slab (~10-20°) beneath northwestern South America. Further crustal structures identified in the profile are (a) crustal thinning beneath the Falcón Basin along the western extension of the Oca?Ancón fault system interpreted as a back?arc basin; (b) suture zones between both the Proterozoic and Paleozoic provinces (Ouachita?Marathon?related suture?), and Paleozoic and Meso?Cenozoic terranes (peri?Caribbean suture) interpreted from lateral changes in seismic velocity; and (c) evidence of a deep Paleozoic(?) extensional basin, underlying thick Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequences (beneath the Guárico area).
DS1989-1453
1989
Zelt, C.A.Stephenson, R.A., Zelt, C.A., et al.Crust and upper mantle structure and the origin of the Peace River archBulletin. Can. Petroleum Geol, Vol. 37, No. 2, June ppp. 224-235AlbertaTectonics, Structure/mantle
DS1990-1621
1990
Zelt, C.A.Zelt, C.A., Ellis, R.M.Crust and mantle Q from seismic refraction data: Peace River regionCanadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 27, pp. 1040-7.AlbertaGeophysics - seismics, Peace River area
DS1994-1980
1994
Zelt, C.A.Zelt, C.A., Forsyth, D.A.Modeling wide angle seismic dat a for crustal structure: southeastern Grenville ProvinceJournal of Geophy. Res, Vol. 99, B6, June 10, pp. 11, 687-704OntarioGeophysics - seismics, Grenville
DS1994-1981
1994
Zelt, C.A.Zelt, C.A., Forsyth, D.A., et al.Seismic structure of the Central Metasedimentary Belt, southern GrenvilleProvince.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 31, No. 2, Feb. pp. 243-254.OntarioLithoprobe -Grenville, Geophysics -seismics
DS1995-2123
1995
Zelt, C.A.Zelt, C.A., White, D.J.Crustal structure and tectonics of the southeastern Canadian CordilleraJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 100, No. B12, Dec. 10, pp. 24, 255-273.British ColumbiaProterozoic rifting, Tectonics
DS1995-2124
1995
Zelt, C.A.Zelt, C.A., White, D.J.Crustal structure and tectonics of the southeastern Canadian CordilleraJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 100, No. B12, Dec. 10, pp. 24, 255-73British ColumbiaTectonics, Crustal structure
DS2001-1074
2001
ZemingShutian, S., Zengqui, Z., Zhendong, ZemingPost collisional ductile extensional tectonic framework in the ultra high pressure (UHP) and HP metamorphic belts in Dabie Sulu areaActa Geol. Sinica, Vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 151-60.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), Tectonics
DS200512-1234
2005
Zeming, Z.Zeming, Z., Kun, S., Van den Kerkhof, A.M., Hoefs, J., Liou, J.G.Fluid composition and evolution attending UHP metamorphism: study of fluid inclusions from drill cores, southern Sulu Belt, eastern China.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 3, pp. 297-309.ChinaUHP
DS1998-1191
1998
Zemlyanukhin, V.N.Prikhodko, V.S., Zemlyanukhin, V.N.Petrology of spinel peridotite xenoliths from Cenozoic basaltoids in the Khanka Craton terrain.7th. Kimberlite Conference abstract, pp. 716.Russia, Central AsiaGeochemistry, Craton - Khankaisk. Bureinsk
DS201804-0740
2018
Zemnuhov, A.L.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Pomazanskiy, B.S., Zemnuhov, A.L., Chepurov, A.A., Afanasiev, V.P., Chepurov, A.I.Morphological features of diamond crystals dissolved in Fe0.7 S0.3 melt at 4GPa and 1400.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 60, pp. 82-92.Technologydiamond morphology

Abstract: An experimental study of the dissolution of natural and synthetic diamonds in a sulfur-bearing iron melt (Fe0.7S0.3) with high P-T parameters (4 GPa, 1400°?) was performed. The results demonstrated that under these conditions, octahedral crystals with flat faces and rounded tetrahexahedral diamond crystals are transformed into rounded octahedroids, which have morphological characteristics similar to those of natural diamonds from kimberlite. It was suggested that, taking into account the complex history of individual natural diamond crystals, including the dissolution stages, sulfur-bearing metal melts up to sulfide melts were not only diamond-forming media during the early evolution of the Earth, but also natural solvents of diamond in the mantle environment before the formation of kimberlitic melts.
DS201901-0059
2017
Zemnukhov, A.Ragozin, A., Zedgenizov, D., Kuper, K., Kalimina, V., Zemnukhov, A.The internal structure of yellow cuboid diamonds from alluvial placers of the northeastern Siberian platform.Crystals MDPI, Vol. 7, 8, 13p. Doi.org/10. 3390/cryst7080238Russiadiamond morphology

Abstract: Yellow cuboid diamonds are commonly found in diamondiferous alluvial placers of the Northeastern Siberian platform. The internal structure of these diamonds have been studied by optical microscopy, X-Ray topography (XRT) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. Most of these crystals have typical resorption features and do not preserve primary growth morphology. The resorption leads to an evolution from an originally cubic shape to a rounded tetrahexahedroid. Specific fibrous or columnar internal structure of yellow cuboid diamonds has been revealed. Most of them are strongly deformed. Misorientations of the crystal lattice, found in the samples, may be caused by strains from their fibrous growth or/and post-growth plastic deformation.
DS201412-0683
2014
Zemnukhov, A.L.Petrovsky, V.A., Silaev, V.I., Sukharev, A.E., Vasilyev, E.A., Pomazansky, B.S., Zemnukhov, A.L.Yakutites: mineralogical geochemical properties and new version of the genesis. Part 1.Izvestiya VUZ'ov Geologia I Razvedka ** in Russia Courtesy of Felix, No. 3, pp. 24-33.Russia, YakutiaCarbonado, with lonsdaleite
DS201412-0825
2014
Zemnukhov, A.L.Silaev, V.I., Petrovsky, V.A., Sukharev, A.E., Smoleva, I.V., Pomazansky, B.S., Zemnukhov, A.L.Yakutites: mineralogical geochemical properties and new version of the genesis. Part 2.Izvestiya VUZ'ov Geologia I Razvedka ** in Russia Courtesy of Felix, No. 4, pp. 12-22.TechnologyYakutites
DS202011-2070
2020
Zemnukhov, A.L.Zemnukhov, A.L., Reutsky, V.N., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Zhelonkin, R.Y., Kalinina, V.V.Subduction related population of diamonds in Yakutian placers, northeastern Siberian platform.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 175, 98 10.1007/s00410-020-01741-w 11p. PdfRussia, Yakutiadiamond crystallography

Abstract: The 35 paired diamond intergrowths of rounded colorless transparent and gray opaque crystals from the placers of northeastern Siberian Platform were investigated. Mineral inclusions (KFsp, Coe, E-Grt, Po) detected in studied samples belong to eclogitic paragenesis. The majority of studied samples have uniform ranges of nitrogen content (1126-1982 at. ppm) and carbon isotope composition (??16.8 to ??23.2 ‰). These characteristics pointing towards subducted material are possible sources for their genesis. Two samples consist of a gray opaque crystal with the subduction-related characteristics (?13C ca. ??21‰ and N ca. 1300 at. ppm) and a transparent crystal with low nitrogen content (412 and 29 at. ppm) and a heavy carbon isotopic composition (?13C ??4.2 and ??4.6‰) common for primary mantle range. The higher degree of nitrogen aggregation in the crystals with mantle-like characteristics testifies their longer storage in the mantle conditions. These samples reflect multistage diamond growth history and directly indicate the mixing of mantle and subduction carbon sources at the basement of subcontinental lithospheric mantle of northeastern Siberian Platform.
DS1989-1678
1989
ZenZen, E-AnPlumbing the depth of batholithsAmerican Journal of Science, Vol. 289, No. 10, December pp. 1137-1157GlobalBatholiths, Genesis
DS1995-2125
1995
ZenZen, E-AnCrustal magma generation and low pressure high temp regional metamorphism in extensional environ Lachlan B.American Journal of Science, Vol. 295, Summer pp. 851-874AustraliaThermal modelling, Lachlan Belt
DS200612-1560
2006
ZengXu, Z., Wang, Q., Ji, S., Chen, J., Zeng, Yang, Chen, Liang, WenkPetrofabrics and seismic properties of garnet peridotite from the UHP Sulu terrane: implications for olivine deformation mechanism in subducting slab.Tectonophysics, Vol. 421, 1-2, pp. 111-127.MantleSubduction - cold, dry continental slab
DS202103-0424
2021
Zeng, C.Zeng, C., Shen, J., Zhang, J.High thermal conductivity in indium-based metal/diamond composites by good wettability of diamond with indium.Diamond & Related Materials, Vol. 112, 108230, 10p. PdfGlobalmarkets for miniturization

Abstract: Low melting point metal (LMPM) has potential application value in the field of thermal management. Indium-based LMPM/diamond composites were manufactured using sintering technique. The thermal conductivity of Bi-In-Sn/diamond composites was improved by pre-adding indium particles fabricated using slice technique. Using in-situ imaging and particle dipping experiment, the wetting behavior of diamond microparticle with pure indium, indium-based and gallium-based liquid metal (LM) was investigated. The diamond microparticle was well wetted by molten indium. The wettability of diamond with gallium can be improved by alloying gallium with indium. Oxide film of LM would hinder the wetting of LM on diamond. The highest thermal conductivity of Bi-In-Sn/diamond composites and indium/diamond composites obtained in this work was up to 157 W m?1 K?1 and 211 W m?1 K?1, respectively.
DS200712-0005
2007
Zeng, F.Ai,Y., Chen, Q-F., Zeng, F., Hong, X., Ye, W.The crust and upper mantle structure beneath southeastern China.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 260, 3-4, pp. 549-563.ChinaTectonics
DS202205-0676
2022
Zeng, F.Cao, C., Zeng, F., Liu, Y.W., Yang, J., Shenbiao, Y.Morphology and FTIR characteristics of the alluvial diamond from the Yangtze craton, China.Crystals, April 15p. PdfChinadiamond morphology

Abstract: A total of 48 natural alluvial diamonds from the Yangtze Craton, China, also called Hunan diamonds, were studied using morphology and IR spectroscopy. These diamond samples, collected downstream of the Yuan River, Hunan Province, with unknown host-rock source(s), were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Most Hunan diamonds are monocrystal forms of octahedra, tetrahexahedra (THH) and dodecahedra; octahedral-rhom-dodecahedral transitional behaviors and irregular forms are also visible. Trigons and tetragons, terraces and shield-shaped laminae are surface features that frequently indicate dissolution and reabsorption; green and brown spots, network patterns, and other mechanical abrasion marks are typical evidence of long-time deposition and transportation of Hunan diamonds. The main types of Hunan diamonds are type IaAB and type ?a. Diamond samples have a wide range of total nitrogen content (Ntot) from 196-1094 ppm. Two populations are distinguished by two-peak distribution models of NA (A-center concentrations) and %B (proportion of aggregated nitrogen). Hunan diamonds are low in structure hydrogen (0.03-4.67 cm?1, mostly below 1 cm?1) and platelets (0.23-17 cm?1, mostly below 2 cm?1). Moreover, there is a significant positive correlation between the hydrogen correlation peak and Ntot, which is similar to Argyle diamonds. The temperature conditions of the diamond formation have been estimated at 1075-1180 °C, mainly conforming to the kimberlite diamond range. Besides, some samples with slightly higher temperatures are close to the ultramafic-related Juina diamonds. Therefore, the FTIR characteristics analysis and comparison indicate the multiple sources of Hunan diamonds.
DS1999-0827
1999
Zeng, H.Zeng, H., Wan, T.Gross differences between two isostatic gravity anomaly maps of ChinaTectonophysics, Vol. 306, No. 2, June 15, pp. 253-ChinaGeophysics - Gravity
DS200512-1214
2005
Zeng, L.Yang, T.N., Zeng, L., Liou, J.G.Mineral evolution of a garnet pyroxenite nodule within eclogite, eastern Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic terrane, east China.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 23, 8, pp. 667-680.ChinaUHP
DS200612-1561
2006
Zeng, L.Xu, Z., Zeng, L., Liu, F., Yang, J., Zhang, Z., McWilliams, M., Liou, J.G.Polyphase subduction and exhumation of the Sulu high pressure ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terrane.Geological Society of America, Special Paper, No. 403, pp. 93-114.ChinaSubduction UHP
DS200712-1221
2007
Zeng, L.Zeng, L., Liu, F.Geochemical effects of deep subduction on the continental crustal materials.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A1154.MantleSubduction
DS200812-1293
2008
Zeng, L.Yang, T.N., Zeng, L., Zhao, Z.R., Liou, J.G.Retrograde reaction of an ultrahigh pressure metamorphic spinel pyroxenite lens, northeast Sulu UHP terrane, eastern China.International Geology Review, Vol. 50, 1, pp. 32-47.ChinaUHP
DS201808-1745
2018
Zeng, L.Garber, J.M., Maurya, S., Hernandez, J-A., Duncan, M.S., Zeng, L., Zhang, H.L., Faul, U., McCammon, C., Montagner, J-P., Moresi, L., Romanowicz, B.A., Rudnick, R.L., Stixrude, L.Multidisciplinary constraints on the abundance of diamond and eclogite in the cratonic lithosphere.G3 Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, http:/orchid.org/0000-0001-5313-0982Mantleeclogite
DS201809-2024
2018
Zeng, L.Garber, J.M., Maurya, S., Hernandez, J.A., Duncan, M.S., Zeng, L., Zhang, H.L.Multidisciplanary constraints on the abundance of diamond and eclogite in the cratonic lithosphere.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 19, 7, pp. 2062-2086. doi.org/10/1029/ 2018GC007534Mantlegeophysics - seismics

Abstract: Some seismic models derived from tomographic studies indicate elevated shear?wave velocities (?4.7 km/s) around 120-150 km depth in cratonic lithospheric mantle. These velocities are higher than those of cratonic peridotites, even assuming a cold cratonic geotherm (i.e., 35 mW/m2 surface heat flux) and accounting for compositional heterogeneity in cratonic peridotite xenoliths and the effects of anelasticity. We reviewed various geophysical and petrologic constraints on the nature of cratonic roots (seismic velocities, lithology/mineralogy, electrical conductivity, and gravity) and explored a range of permissible rock and mineral assemblages that can explain the high seismic velocities. These constraints suggest that diamond and eclogite are the most likely high?Vs candidates to explain the observed velocities, but matching the high shear?wave velocities requires either a large proportion of eclogite (>50 vol.%) or the presence of up to 3 vol.% diamond, with the exact values depending on peridotite and eclogite compositions and the geotherm. Both of these estimates are higher than predicted by observations made on natural samples from kimberlites. However, a combination of ?20 vol.% eclogite and ~2 vol.% diamond may account for high shear?wave velocities, in proportions consistent with multiple geophysical observables, data from natural samples, and within mass balance constraints for global carbon. Our results further show that cratonic thermal structure need not be significantly cooler than determined from xenolith thermobarometry.
DS202009-1628
2018
Zeng, L.Garber, J.M., Maurya, S., Hernandez, J.A., Duncan, M.S., Zeng, L., Zhang, H.L.Multidisciplenary constraints on the abundance of diamond and eclogite in the cratonic lithosphere.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 19: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007534Mantleeclogite

Abstract: Some seismic models derived from tomographic studies indicate elevated shear?wave velocities (?4.7 km/s) around 120-150 km depth in cratonic lithospheric mantle. These velocities are higher than those of cratonic peridotites, even assuming a cold cratonic geotherm (i.e., 35 mW/m2 surface heat flux) and accounting for compositional heterogeneity in cratonic peridotite xenoliths and the effects of anelasticity. We reviewed various geophysical and petrologic constraints on the nature of cratonic roots (seismic velocities, lithology/mineralogy, electrical conductivity, and gravity) and explored a range of permissible rock and mineral assemblages that can explain the high seismic velocities. These constraints suggest that diamond and eclogite are the most likely high?Vs candidates to explain the observed velocities, but matching the high shear?wave velocities requires either a large proportion of eclogite (>50 vol.%) or the presence of up to 3 vol.% diamond, with the exact values depending on peridotite and eclogite compositions and the geotherm. Both of these estimates are higher than predicted by observations made on natural samples from kimberlites. However, a combination of ?20 vol.% eclogite and ~2 vol.% diamond may account for high shear?wave velocities, in proportions consistent with multiple geophysical observables, data from natural samples, and within mass balance constraints for global carbon. Our results further show that cratonic thermal structure need not be significantly cooler than determined from xenolith thermobarometry.
DS202108-1289
2021
Zeng, L.Hu, Z., Zeng, L., Foerster, M.W., Li, S., Zhao, L., Gao, L., Li, H., Yang, Y.Recycling of subducted continental crust: geochemical evidence from syn-exhumation Triassic alkaline mafic rocks of the southern Liaodong Peninsula, China.Lithos, 10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106353 13p. Chinaalkaline rocks

Abstract: Syn-exhumation mafic magmatism during continental collision provides insights into the crust-mantle reaction during deep subduction and the nature of orogenic lithospheric mantle in collisional orogens. In this study, we present a comprehensive data set of zircon U-Pb ages and whole-rock major-trace elements as well as Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes of alkaline mafic rocks from the southern Liaodong Peninsula, eastern China. Zircon U-Pb analyses yield Late Triassic age of 213 ± 3 to 217 ± 3 Ma, younger than the Middle Triassic ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks of the Dabie-Sulu orogen. Thus, the alkaline mafic rocks are products of syn-exhumation magmatism during continental collision of the South and North China blocks. The rocks show shoshonitic affinities with high K2O (3.78-5.23 wt%) and K2O/Na2O (0.71-1.22). They are characterized by arc-like trace-element patterns with enriched LILE, Pb, and LREE, and depleted HFSE. They exhibit enriched Sr-Nd isotopic compositions with high initial 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios of 0.7058-0.7061 and negative ?Nd(t) values of ?13.0 to ?15.1. These results suggest involvement of recycled continental crust in their mantle source. The mantle source likely formed by the metasomatic reaction of subducted continental crust-derived melts with the overlying subcontinental lithospheric mantle during the Triassic continental collision. Decompressional melting of this metasomatized mantle formed syn-exhumation mafic magmas during the transition from convergent to extensional tectonics in the Late Triassic. Accordingly, mafic rocks from the southern Liaodong Peninsula provide a geochemical record of the subduction and recycling of continental crust into the mantle and melt-mantle reaction induced metasomatism within the orogen.
DS201807-1491
2018
Zeng, Li.Garber, J.M., Maurya, S., Hernandez, J-A., Duncan, M.S., Zeng, Li., Zhang, H.L., Faul, U., McCammon, C., Montagner, J-P., Moresi, L., Romanowicz, B.A., Rudnick, R.L., Stixrude, L.Multidisciplinary constraints on the abundance of diamond and eclogite in the cratonic lithosphere. Mentions Jericho and Roberts VictorGeochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GCC007534Globalthermobarometry

Abstract: Some seismic models derived from tomographic studies indicate elevated shear?wave velocities (?4.7 km/s) around 120?150 km depth in cratonic lithospheric mantle. These velocities are higher than those of cratonic peridotites, even assuming a cold cratonic geotherm (i.e., 35 mW/m2 surface heat flux) and accounting for compositional heterogeneity in cratonic peridotite xenoliths and the effects of anelasticity. We reviewed various geophysical and petrologic constraints on the nature of cratonic roots (seismic velocities, lithology/mineralogy, electrical conductivity, and gravity) and explored a range of permissible rock and mineral assemblages that can explain the high seismic velocities. These constraints suggest that diamond and eclogite are the most likely high?Vs candidates to explain the observed velocities, but matching the high shear?wave velocities requires either a large proportion of eclogite (>50 vol.%) or the presence of up to 3 vol.% diamond, with the exact values depending on peridotite and eclogite compositions and the geotherm. Both of these estimates are higher than predicted by observations made on natural samples from kimberlites. However, a combination of ?20 vol.% eclogite and ~2 vol.% diamond may account for high shear?wave velocities, in proportions consistent with multiple geophysical observables, data from natural samples, and within mass balance constraints for global carbon. Our results further show that cratonic thermal structure need not be significantly cooler than determined from xenolith thermobarometry.
DS200912-0446
2009
Zeng, Q.Liu, Q., Yang, T., Zeng, Q., Zheng, J., Luo, Y., Qui, N., Xu, H., Jin, Z.Magnetic study of the UHP eclogites from the Chinese Continental Scientific drilling project.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, B02106.ChinaUHP
DS201012-0454
2010
Zeng, Q.Liu, Q., Zeng, Q., Zheng, J., Yang, T., Qui, N., Liu, Z., Lou, Y., Jin, Z.Magnetic properties of serpentinized garnet peridotites from the CCSD main hole in the Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt, eastern China.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, B6, B06104ChinaUHP
DS201412-1024
2014
Zeng, Q-S.Zhang, L., Meng, Y., Yang, W.,Wang, L., Mao, W.L., Zeng, Q-S., Jeong, J.S., Wagner, A.J., Mkhoyan, K.A., Liu, W., Xu, R., Mao, H-K.Disproportionation of (Mg,Fe) SiO3 perovskite in Earth's deep lower mantle.Science, Vol. 344, no. 6186, pp. 877-882.MantlePerovskite
DS1995-2126
1995
Zeng, R.Zeng, R., et al.A review of lithospheric structures in the Tibetan Plateau and constraints on dynamics.Pure and Applied Geophysics, Vol. 145, No. 3-4, Dec. 1, pp. 425-444.China, MongoliaGeodynamics, Mantle
DS2003-1369
2003
Zeng, R.Teng, J., Zeng, R., Yan, Y.Depth distribution of Moho and tectonic framework in eastern Asian continent and itsScience in China Series d Earth Sciences, Vol. 46, 5, pp. 428-46.Asia, ChinaTectonics
DS200412-1978
2003
Zeng, R.Teng, J., Zeng, R., Yan, Y.Depth distribution of Moho and tectonic framework in eastern Asian continent and its adjacent ocean areas.Science China Earth Sciences, Vol. 46, 5, pp. 428-46.Asia, ChinaTectonics
DS200812-1290
2008
Zeng, X.Yang, F., Liu, B., Ni, S., Zeng, X., Dai, Z., Li, Y.Lowermost mantle shear velocity anisotropy beneath Siberia.Acta Seismologica Sinica, Vol. 21, 3, pp. 213-216.RussiaGeophysics - seismics
DS201312-0992
2013
Zeng, X-q.Yang, Z-j., Liang, R., Zeng, X-q., Ge, T-y., Al Qun, Zhenh, Y-l., Peng, M-s.Study on the micro-infrared spectra and origin of polycrystalline diamonds from Mengyin kimberlite pipes.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, Vol. 32, 8, pp. 1512-1518.ChinaDeposit - Mengyin
DS201312-1008
2013
Zeng, X-Q.Zeng, X-Q., Zheng, Y-L., Yang, Z-J., Ai, Hu, Q.Study on the micro-FTIR and raman spectra of the alluvial diamonds from Yangtze craton and their geological significance.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, Vol. 33, no. 10.pp. 2694-2699.ChinaAlluvials
DS201511-1826
2015
Zeng, Y.Boyd, O.S., Smalley, R., Zeng, Y.Crustal deformation in the New Madrid seismic zone and the role of postseismic processes.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 120, 8, pp. 5782-5803.United States, ArkansasGeophysics - seismics

Abstract: Global Navigation Satellite System data across the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) in the central United States over the period from 2000 through 2014 are analyzed and modeled with several deformation mechanisms including the following: (1) creep on subsurface dislocations, (2) postseismic frictional afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation from the 1811–1812 and 1450 earthquakes in the NMSZ, and (3) regional strain. In agreement with previous studies, a dislocation creeping at about 4 mm/yr between 12 and 20 km depth along the downdip extension of the Reelfoot fault reproduces the observations well. We find that a dynamic model of postseismic frictional afterslip from the 1450 and February 1812 Reelfoot fault events can explain this creep. Kinematic and dynamic models involving the Cottonwood Grove fault provide minimal predictive power. This is likely due to the smaller size of the December 1811 event on the Cottonwood Grove fault and a distribution of stations better suited to constrain localized strain across the Reelfoot fault. Regional compressive strain across the NMSZ is found to be less than 3?×?10?9/yr. If much of the present-day surface deformation results from afterslip, it is likely that many of the earthquakes we see today in the NMSZ are aftershocks from the 1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes. Despite this conclusion, our results are consistent with observations and models of intraplate earthquake clustering. Given this and the recent paleoseismic history of the region, we suggest that seismic hazard is likely to remain significant.
DS201906-1364
2019
Zeng, Z.Zeng, Z., Li, X., Liu, Y., Huang, F., Yu, H-M.High precision barium isotope measurements of carbonates by MC-ICP-MS.Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, Vol. 43, 2, pp. 291-300.Globalcarbonatites

Abstract: This study presents a high?precision method to measure barium (Ba) isotope compositions of international carbonate reference materials and natural carbonates. Barium was purified using chromatographic columns filled with cation exchange resin (AG50W?X12, 200-400 mesh). Barium isotopes were measured by MC?ICP?MS, using a 135Ba-136Ba double?spike to correct mass?dependent fractionation during purification and instrumental measurement. The precision and accuracy were monitored by measuring Ba isotope compositions of the reference material JCp?1 (coral) and a synthetic solution obtained by mixing NIST SRM 3104a with other matrix elements. The mean ?137/134Ba values of JCp?1 and the synthetic solution relative to NIST SRM 3104a were 0.21 ± 0.03‰ (2s, n = 16) and 0.02 ± 0.03‰ (2s, n = 6), respectively. Replicate measurements of NIST SRM 915b, COQ?1, natural coral and stalagmite samples gave average ?137/134Ba values of 0.10 ± 0.04‰ (2s, n = 18), 0.08 ± 0.04‰ (2s, n = 20), 0.27 ± 0.04‰ (2s, n = 16) and 0.04 ± 0.03‰ (2s, n = 20), respectively. Barium mass fractions and Ba isotopes of subsamples drilled from one stalagmite profile were also measured. Although Ba mass fractions varied significantly along the profile, Ba isotope signatures were homogeneous, indicating that Ba isotope compositions of stalagmites could be a potential tool (in addition to Ba mass fractions) to constrain the source of Ba in carbonate rocks and minerals.
DS201312-0989
2013
Zeng, Z-j.Yang, A.Q., Zeng, Z-j., Zheng, X-q., Hu, Y-l.Emplacement age and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the AfrikAnd a alkaline ultramafic complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, Vol. 33, 9, pp. 2374-2378.ChinaDeposit - Mengyin
DS1990-1622
1990
Zeng RongshuZeng Rongshu, Mackenzie, W.S.Variation of the primary field of leucite under water deficient conditions in the system northeast-Ks-Q-H2O at PH2O =kbInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 129-130ChinaExperimental petrology, Leucite
DS1982-0197
1982
Zengdu, QI.Evans, T., Zengdu, QI.Aggregation of Nitrogen in DiamondProceedings high pressure AND RESEARCH INDUSTRY 8TH. AIRAPT Conference, Vol. 2, PP. 694-696.GlobalResearch
DS1982-0196
1982
Zengdu qi.Evans, T., Zengdu qi.The Kinetics of the Aggregation of Nitrogen Atoms in DiamondProceedings of the Royal SOC. LONDON., Vol. A381, PP. 159-178.GlobalDiamond, Natural, Morphology, Research, Inclusions
DS201012-0245
2010
Zengeni, T.G.Gore, J., James, D.E., Zengeni, T.G., Gwavava, O.Crustal structure of the Zimbabwe craton and the Limpopo belt of southern Africa: new constraints from seismic dat a and implications for its evolution.South African Journal of Geology, Vol. 112, pp. 213-228.Africa, Zimbabwe, South Africa, BotswanaGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-0470
2003
Zenglein, R.Doorgapershad, A., Barnett, M., Twiggs, C., Martin, J., Millonig, L., Zenglein, R.Procedures used to produce a digitized geological mapping database of the area around the Venetia kimberlite pipes, Limpopo BeltSouth African Journal of Geology, Vol. 106, 2-3, pp. 103-108.Africa, South AfricaDeposit - Venetia, mapping
DS200412-1817
2003
Zengqian, H.Shuyin, N., Quanlin, H., Zengqian, H., Aiqun, S., Baode, W., Hongyang, L., Chuanshi, X.Cascaded evolution of mantle plumes and metallogenesis of core and mantle derived elements.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 77, 4, pp. 522-536.MantleMetallogeny
DS200712-1222
2006
Zengqian, H.Zengqian, H., Lu, Jiren, Lin, ShengzhingHeterogeneity of a plume axis: bulk rock geochemical evidence from picrites and basalts in the Emei large Igneous Province, southwest China.International Geology Review, Vol. 48, 12, pp. 1087-1112.ChinaPicrite
DS2001-1074
2001
Zengqui, Z.Shutian, S., Zengqui, Z., Zhendong, ZemingPost collisional ductile extensional tectonic framework in the ultra high pressure (UHP) and HP metamorphic belts in Dabie Sulu areaActa Geol. Sinica, Vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 151-60.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), Tectonics
DS1998-1489
1998
Zenteno Yelpi, L.Tulcanaza Navarro, E., Zenteno Yelpi, L.Options for hedging.. mine planning scenarios to meet contingencies.PartII.see July Scanning p.278Engineering and Mining Journal, Vol. 199, No. 6, June pp. 36-8GlobalEconomics, mining, reserves, cost/price, Discoveries
DS1992-1732
1992
Zentille, M.Zentille, M., Reynolds, P.H.Low temperature thermochronologyMineralogical Association of Canada short course Handbook, 225p. approx. $ 30.00GlobalGeochronology, thermochronology, case studies, Table of contents
DS1998-0048
1998
Zentilli, M.Arne, D.C., Zentilli, M., Grist, A.M., Collins, M.Constraints on the timing of thrusting during the Eurekan Orogeny, Canadian Arctic Archipelago...Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 35, No. 1, Jan. pp. 30-38.Northwest Territories, Ellesmere Island, Sverdrup BasinGeochronology, geothermometry, Tectonics - thrust fault movements
DS201612-2309
2016
Zepeda-Alarcon, E.Kaercher, P., Miyagi, L., Kanitpanyacharoen, W., Zepeda-Alarcon, E., Wang, Y., Parkinson, D., Lebensohn, R.A., De Carlo, F., Wenk, H.R.Two phase deformation of lower mantle mineral analogs.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 456, pp. 134-145.MantleBridgemanite

Abstract: The lower mantle is estimated to be composed of mostly bridgmanite and a smaller percentage of ferropericlase, yet very little information exists for two-phase deformation of these minerals. To better understand the rheology and active deformation mechanisms of these lower mantle minerals, especially dislocation slip and the development of crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO), we deformed mineral analogs neighborite (NaMgF3, iso-structural with bridgmanite) and halite (NaCl, iso-structural with ferropericlase) together in the deformation-DIA at the Advanced Photon Source up to 51% axial shortening. Development of CPO was recorded in situ with X-ray diffraction, and information on microstructural evolution was collected using X-ray microtomography. Results show that when present in as little as 15% volume, the weak phase (NaCl) controls the deformation. Compared to single phase NaMgF3 samples, samples with just 15% volume NaCl show a reduction of CPO in NaMgF3 and weakening of the aggregate. Microtomography shows both NaMgF3 and NaCl form highly interconnected networks of grains. Polycrystal plasticity simulations were carried out to gain insight into slip activity, CPO evolution, and strain and stress partitioning between phases for different synthetic two-phase microstructures. The results suggest that ferropericlase may control deformation in the lower mantle and reduce CPO in bridgmanite, which implies a less viscous lower mantle and helps to explain why the lower mantle is fairly isotropic.
DS202104-0566
2021
Zepper, J.C.O.Branchetti, M., Zepper, J.C.O., Peters, S.T.J., Koornneef, J.M., Davies, G.Multi-stage formation and destruction in Kimberley harzburgitic xenoliths, South Africa.Lithos, in press available, 57p. PdfAfrica, South Africadeposit - Kimberley

Abstract: Thirty-nine garnet harzburgites from Kimberley in the Kaapvaal Craton (South Africa) were studied to constrain the origin, age and evolution of sub-cratonic lithospheric mantle (SCLM). In order to avoid chemical overprinting by recent metasomatism, only garnet harzburgites that appeared clinopyroxene-free to the naked eye were sampled. The majority of garnets were, however, in equilibrium with clinopyroxene (24 of 39). Whole rock and mineral major-trace element geochemistry and garnet Sr-Nd-Hf isotope data are presented. Equilibration pressures range from 3.8-6.1?GPa, indicating the harzburgites were derived from a large portion of the SCLM (~115-185?km). High olivine Mg# (~93.4, n?=?39) and low whole rock heavy rare earth elements (HREE) contents are consistent with large degrees of partial melting (>45%) and garnet exhaustion leaving a dunitic residue with olivine ?90%, orthopyroxene ?10% and HREE <0.01 times chondrite. Mineral modes, whole rock Al2O3 (0.5-3.2?wt%) and SiO2 (43.1-49.1?wt%), however, indicate heterogeneous re-introduction of garnet (?13%) and orthopyroxene (?50%). Harzburgites with high garnet and relatively low orthopyroxene modes (mostly ~7-13% and?~?9-30%; n?=?6) are characterised by mildly sinusoidal garnet REE patterns (Tbsingle bondDy minimum and high HREE) and Archaean depleted Hf TDM ages (2.7-3.3?Ga; ?Hfe: +190 to +709). In contrast, harzburgites with high orthopyroxene and relatively low garnet and modes (~1.5-7.5% and?~?25-50%; n?=?19) are characterised by highly sinuous REE patterns (Hosingle bondYb minimum and low HREE) and Proterozoic enriched Hf TDM ages (0.7-1.6?Ga; ?Hfe: ?16 to +6). It is inferred that Archaean G10 garnet re-introduction caused a significant increase in HREE, making melt depletion models based on HREE inaccurate. Orthopyroxene addition, a few hundred million years later, most likely at ~2.7?Ga and associated with Ventersdorp magmatic activity, caused partial consumption of garnet and olivine, and changed garnet compositions leading to: 1) Cr/Al ratio increase; 2) HREE decrease; 3) more sinusoidal REE patterns; and 4) un-radiogenic 176Hf/177Hf. Garnets define a Lusingle bondHf isochron age of 2702?±?64?Ma (?Hfi?=?+44, n?=?31), which is interpreted as a consequence of partial isotopic equilibrium within the SCLM and mixing of the garnet- and orthopyroxene-rich metasomatic components. The low LILE contents and absence of Nbsingle bondTa anomalies are consistent with modal metasomatism caused by intra-plate magmatism. In addition, the REE signatures of metasomatic agents in equilibrium with the garnets suggest that carbonatitic melts and SiO2-rich hydrous melts were responsible for re-introduction of garnet and orthopyroxene, respectively. Srsingle bondNd isotope systematics were disrupted associated with kimberlite magmatism (Nd isochron: 217?±?58?Ma, ?Ndi?=?+4; n?=?34), consistent with recent G10 garnet transformation into G9 garnets (Ca?+?Fe-enriched). This event may have caused garnet addition (up to 1%), suggesting that garnet was formed or destroyed in at least 4 different events: i) initial extensive polybaric melting, ii) asthenospheric melts re-introducing the bulk of the garnet, iii) orthopyroxene addition and garnet loss, all in the Archaean, and iv) minor garnet addition possibly related to recent kimberlite magmatism prior to eruption.
DS1997-1295
1997
Zerb, W.Zerb, W.The Alberta diamond playPacific International Securities, 8p.AlbertaNews item - promotion
DS1993-1809
1993
Zerr, A.Zerr, A., Boehler, R.Melting of (MgFe)SiO2 perovskite to 625 kilobars: indication of a high melting temperature in the lower mantle.Science, Vol. 262, No. 5133, October 22, pp. 553-554.MantleMelting, Perovskite
DS1998-0135
1998
Zerr, A.Boehler, R., Zerr, A., Serghiou, Tschauner, HilgrenNew experimental constraints on the nature of DMineralogical Magazine, Goldschmidt abstract, Vol. 62A, p. 182-3.MantleCore mantle boundary layer, Perovskite
DS1859-0106
1851
Zerrenner, C.Zerrenner, C.Anleitung Zum Gold-,platin-,und Diamant-waschen Aus Seifengebirge .....Leipzig: Engelman., 28P.Europe, GermanyDiamond Occurrence
DS1990-0936
1990
Zervas, C.Lin, J., Purdy, G.M., Schouten, H., Semopere, J.C., Zervas, C.Evidence from gravity dat a for focused magmatic accretion along the mid-Atlantic RidgeNature, Vol. 344, No. 6267, April 12, pp. 627-632Mid-Atlantic RidgeGeophysics -gravity, Magma
DS1989-1679
1989
Zerzan, J.M.Zerzan, J.M.OVERLAP: a FORTRAN program for rapidly evaluating the area of overlap between two polygonsComputers and Geosciences, Vol. 15, No. 7, pp. 1109-1114GlobalComputer, Program -OVERLAP
DS200612-1121
2006
Zetgenizov, D.A.Ragozin, A.L., Shatsky, V.S., Zetgenizov, D.A., Mityukhin, S.I.Evidence for evolution of diamond crystallization medium in eclogite xenolith from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, Yakutia.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 407A, 3, pp. 465-468.Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology - Udachnaya
DS2002-0901
2002
Zetsche, F.Kruger, F., Scherbaum, F., Rosa, J.W.C., Kind, R., Zetsche, F., Hohne, J.Crustal and upper mantle structure in the Amazon region ( Brasil) determined with broadband mobile stations.Journal of Geophysical Research, Oct. 29, 10.1029/2001JB000598.BrazilGeophysics - seismics, Tectonics
DS2002-0902
2002
Zetsche, F.Kruger, F., Scherbaum, F., Rosa, J.W.C., Kind, R., Zetsche, F., Hohne, J.Crustal and upper mantle structure in the Amazon region ( Brazil) determined with broadband mobile stations.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 107, 10, ETE 17 DOI 10.1029/2001JB000598BrazilGeophysics - seismics, Tectonics
DS201412-0614
2014
Zeug, M.Nasdala, L., Kostrovitsky, S., Kennedy, A.K., Zeug, M., Esenkulova, S.A.Retention of radiation damage in zircon xenocrysts from kimberlites, northern Yakutia.Lithos, Vol. 206-207, pp. 252-261.Russia, YakutiaKuoika, Ary-Mastakh fields
DS202102-0239
2021
Zeug, M.Zeug, M., Nasdala. L., Ende, M., Habler, G., Hauzenberger, C., Chanmuang, C., Skoda, R., Topa, D., Wildner, M., Wirth, R.The parisite - (Ce) enigma: challenges in the identification of fluorcarbonate minerals ( Bastanite)Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 115, 19p. Doi.org/101007 /s00710-020- 00723-x pdfSouth America, ColombiaREE

Abstract: A multi-methodological study was conducted in order to provide further insight into the structural and compositional complexity of rare earth element (REE) fluorcarbonates, with particular attention to their correct assignment to a mineral species. Polycrystals from La Pita Mine, Municipality de Maripí, Boyacá Department, Colombia, show syntaxic intergrowth of parisite-(Ce) with röntgenite-(Ce) and a phase which is assigned to B3S4 (i.e., bastnäsite-3-synchisite-4; still unnamed) fluorcarbonate. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images reveal well-ordered stacking patterns of two monoclinic polytypes of parisite-(Ce) as well as heavily disordered layer sequences with varying lattice fringe spacings. The crystal structure refinement from single crystal X-ray diffraction data - impeded by twinning, complex stacking patterns, sequential and compositional faults - indicates that the dominant parisite-(Ce) polytype M1 has space group Cc. Parisite-(Ce), the B3S4 phase and röntgenite-(Ce) show different BSE intensities from high to low. Raman spectroscopic analyses of parisite-(Ce), the B3S4 phase and röntgenite-(Ce) reveal different intensity ratios of the three symmetric CO3 stretching bands at around 1100 cm?1. We propose to non-destructively differentiate parisite-(Ce) and röntgenite-(Ce) by their 1092 cm?1 / 1081 cm?1 ?1(CO3) band height ratio.
DS202104-0620
2021
Zeug, M.Zeug, M., Nasdala, L., Ende, M., Habler, G., Hauzenbergerm C., Chanmuang, C.N., Skoda, R., Topa, D., Wildner, M., Wirth, R.The parisite-(De) enigma: challenges in the identification of fluorcarbonate minerals. REEMineralogy and Petrology, Vol 115, pp. 1-19. pdfSouth America, Columbiadeposit - La Pita

Abstract: A multi-methodological study was conducted in order to provide further insight into the structural and compositional complexity of rare earth element (REE) fluorcarbonates, with particular attention to their correct assignment to a mineral species. Polycrystals from La Pita Mine, Municipality de Maripí, Boyacá Department, Colombia, show syntaxic intergrowth of parisite-(Ce) with röntgenite-(Ce) and a phase which is assigned to B3S4 (i.e., bastnäsite-3-synchisite-4; still unnamed) fluorcarbonate. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images reveal well-ordered stacking patterns of two monoclinic polytypes of parisite-(Ce) as well as heavily disordered layer sequences with varying lattice fringe spacings. The crystal structure refinement from single crystal X-ray diffraction data - impeded by twinning, complex stacking patterns, sequential and compositional faults - indicates that the dominant parisite-(Ce) polytype M1 has space group Cc. Parisite-(Ce), the B3S4 phase and röntgenite-(Ce) show different BSE intensities from high to low. Raman spectroscopic analyses of parisite-(Ce), the B3S4 phase and röntgenite-(Ce) reveal different intensity ratios of the three symmetric CO3 stretching bands at around 1100 cm-1. We propose to non-destructively differentiate parisite-(Ce) and röntgenite-(Ce) by their 1092 cm-1 / 1081 cm-1 ?1(CO3) band height ratio.
DS201412-0957
2014
Zevenbergen, M.Waal, A., Orij, Rosman, R., Jantien, Zevenbergen, M.Applicabaility of the high performance organization framework in the diamond industry value chain.Journal of Strategy and Management , Vol. 7, 1, pp. 30-48.GlobalDiamond financial - economics
DS1990-0779
1990
Zevenhuizen, J.Josenhans, H.W., Zevenhuizen, J.Dynamics of the Laurentide ice sheet in Hudson Bay, CanadaMarine Geology, Vol. 92, No. 1-2, pp. 1-26OntarioGeomorphology, Laurentide Ice Sheet
DS1996-1342
1996
Zeyen, H.Sobolev, S.V., Zeyen, H., et al.Upper mantle temperatures from teleseismic tomography of French massif central - composition, reactions, meltEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 140, pp. 147-163GlobalMantle tomography, Geophysics -seismics
DS1997-1296
1997
Zeyen, H.Zeyen, H., Volker, F., Altherr, R.Styles of continental rifting: crust mantle detachment and mantle plumesTectonophysics, Vol. 278, No. 1-4, Sept. 15, pp. 329-AfricaTectonics, Rifting, mantle
DS200512-1077
2005
Zeyen, H.Teixell, A., Ayarza, F., Zeyen, H., Fernandez, M., Arboleya, M-L.Effects of mantle upwelling in a compressional setting: the Atlas Mountains of Morocco.Terra Nova, Vol. 17, 5. pp. 456-461.Africa, MoroccoPlume
DS201412-0488
2014
Zeyen, H.Kumar, N., Zeyen, H., Singh, A.P.3D lithosphere density structure of Southern Indian shield from joint inversion of gravity, geoid and topography data.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 89, pp. 98-107.IndiaGeophysics - seismics
DS201511-1880
2015
Zeyen, H.Singh, A.P., Kumar, N., Zeyen, H.Three dimensional lithospheric mapping of the eastern Indian Shield: a multi-parametric inversion approach.Tectonophysics, Vol. 665, pp. 164-176.IndiaGeophysics - seismics

Abstract: We analyzed satellite gravity and geoid anomaly and topography data to determine the 3D lithospheric density structure of the Singhbhum Protocontinent. Our density model shows that distinct vertical density heterogeneities exist throughout the lithosphere beneath the Singhbhum Protocontinent. The crustal structure identified includes a lateral average crustal density variation from 2800 to 2890 kg/m3 as well as a relatively flat Moho at 35-40 km depth in Singhbhum Protocontinent and Bastar Craton. A similar Moho depth range is found for the Mahanadi, Damodar, and Bengal basins. In the northern part of the area, Moho undulates between more than 40 km under the confluence of Mahanadi-Damodar Gondwana basins and the Ganga foreland basin, and 36-32 km under the Eastern Ghats Mobile belt and finally reaches 24 km in the Bay of Bengal. The lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) across the Singhbhum Protocontinent is at a depth of about 130-140 km. In the regions of Bastar Craton and Bengal Basin, the LAB dips to about 155 ± 5 km depth. The confluence of Mahanadi and Damodar Gondwana basins toward the north-west and the foreland Ganga Basin toward the north are characterized by a deeper LAB lying at a depth of over 170 and 200 km, respectively. In the Bay of Bengal, the LAB is at a shallower depth of about 100-130 km except over the 85 0E ridge (150 km), and off the Kolkata coast (155 km). Significant density variation as well as an almost flat crust-mantle boundary indicates the effect of significant crustal reworking. The thin (135-140 km) lithosphere provides compelling evidence of lithospheric modification in the Singhbhum Protocontinent. Similarities between the lithospheric structures of the Singhbhum Craton, Chhotanagpur Gneiss Complex, and Northern Singhbhum Mobile Belt confirm that the repeated thermal perturbation controlled continental lithospheric modification in the Singhbhum Protocontinent.
DS202008-1461
2020
Zeyen, N.Zeyen, N., Wang, B., Wilson, S.A., von Gunten, K., Alessi, D.S., Paulo, C., Stubbs, A.R., Power, I.M.Cation exchange: a new strategy for mineral carbonation of smectite-rich kimberlites.Goldschmidt 2020, 1p. AbstractAfrica, South Africadeposit - Venetia

Abstract: Mineral carbonation is a form of carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) that aims to transform excess CO2 into environmentally benign carbonate minerals which are geologically stable. Here, we investigated the reactivity of processed kimberlite and kimberlite ore from the Venetia Diamond Mine (South Africa). Highly reactive phases, such as brucite [Mg(OH)2], are uncommon in the samples collected from Venetia necessitating the development of new strategies for mineral carbonation. Kimberlite ore and tailings from this mine consist of a clay-rich mineral assemblage that is dominated by lizardite (a serpentine mineral) and smectites. Smectites are swelling clays that can act as a source of Mg and Ca for carbonation reactions via cation exchange, dissolution and/or direct replacement of smectites to form carbonate phases. Although carbonation of serpentine and brucite has long been a focus of CCUS in mine wastes [1], smectite carbonation has not been explored in this setting. Quantitative X-ray diffraction using Rietveld refinements coupled with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicate that smectites of stevensite-saponite composition are abundant in the Venetia samples (1.3-15.4 wt.%). Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence mapping correlated with scanning and transmission electron microscopy show that smectites are distributed as altered, smooth regions measuring from 1 to 20 ?m in breadth. These phases are rich in Mg and Ca and Al-poor. To better understand the behaviour/reactivity of smectites during the cation exchange process, we have used batch experiments with pure endmembers of Ca-, Mg- and Na-montmorillonite under different treatment conditions (NH4-citrate, NH4-O-acetate, NH4-Cl and Na3-citrate). After 24 hours of reaction, ICP-MS analyses reveal that the four treatments have the same efficiency for Ca and Mg exchange, while NH4-Cl and NH4- O-acetate treatments minimize calcite dissolution. Our end goals are to optimize settling time and to maximize extraction of Ca and Mg for carbonation reactions during ore processing.
DS200812-1104
2008
Zezekalo, M.Spetsius, Z.V., Zezekalo, M., Yu, Tarskhix, O.Y.Pecularities of mineralogy and petrography of the upper Muna field kimberlites: application to the lithospheric mantle composition.Deep Seated Magmatism, its sources and plumes, Ed. Vladykin, N.V., 2008 pp. 137-146.Russia, SiberiaDeposit - Muna field
DS202203-0370
2022
Ze-ZhouWang, Ze-Zhou, Liu, S,-A., Rudnick, R.L., Haggerty, R.S.Zinc isotope evidence for carbonate alteration of oceanic crustal protoliths of cratonic eclogites,Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 580, 11p. PdfMantleeclogites

Abstract: Zinc isotopic compositions (ZnJMC-Lyon) of low-MgO (<13 wt.%) and high-MgO (>16 wt.%) eclogites from the Koidu kimberlite complex, Sierra Leone, West African Craton, help constrain the origins of cratonic eclogites. The Zn of low-MgO eclogites range from MORB-like to significantly higher values (0.21‰ to 0.75‰), and correlate inversely with Zn concentrations. Since marine carbonates are characterized by higher Zn and lower Zn concentration than basaltic rocks, the low-MgO eclogites are suggested to originate from altered oceanic crustal protoliths that underwent isotopic exchange with carbonates within the crust during subduction. Compared to low-MgO eclogites, all but one of the high-MgO eclogites also have high Zn (0.35‰ to 0.95‰), but they have lower Zn concentrations and Zn/Fe ratios, both of which are negatively correlated with MgO contents. These features point to formation of high-MgO eclogites via metasomatic overprinting of low-MgO eclogites through addition of secondary clinopyroxenes crystallized from infiltrating ultramafic melts. Thus, both low-MgO and high-MgO eclogites bear the imprint of subducted carbonate-bearing oceanic crust. Our study shows that the distinctively high-Zn signatures of marine carbonates can be retained in deeply subducted oceanic crust that may contribute to mantle sources of intraplate alkali basalts with elevated Zn and Zn/Fe. Therefore, Zn isotopes provide a viable means to trace carbonate recycling in the mantle.
DS1990-0164
1990
Zezin, R.B.Bareanov, G.P., Zezin, R.B., Kuznetsova, V.P.Inclusions of 'diamond within diamond' type and pecularities of crystallography and morphology of a host diamond.(Russian)Izvest. Akad, Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 1990, No. 10, October, pp. 70-77RussiaDiamond morphology, Diamond inclusions
DS1990-0170
1990
Zezin, R.B.Barsanov, G.P., Zezin, R.B., Kuznetsova, V.P.Influence of diamond in diamond -type inclusions on crystallographical morphological pecularities of diamond host. (Russian)Izvest. Akad. Nauk SSSR, (Russian), No. 10, pp. 70-78RussiaDiamond inclusions, Diamond morphology
DS1990-0896
1990
Zezin, R.B.Kuznetsova, V.P., Maltsev, K.A., Gorbachev, V.V., Zezin, R.B.Isotopic composition of diamonds bearing inlclusions of diamonds.(Russian)Geochemistry International (Geokhimiya), (Russian), No. 7, July pp. 1033-1039RussiaDiamond inclusions, Diamonds
DS1990-1623
1990
Zezin, R.B.Zezin, R.B., Saparin, G.V., Smirnova, E.P., Obyden, S.K., ChukichevCathodluminescence of natural diamonds from Jakutian depositsScanning, Vol. 12, No.6, Nov-Dec. pp. 326-333RussiaDiamond morphology, Cathodluminescence
DS1991-0070
1991
Zezin, R.B.Barasanov, G.P., Zezin, R.B., Kuznetsova, V.P.Influence of diamond in diamond inclusions on the crystal morphology of the host diamondInternational Geology Review, Vol. 32, No. 10, October pp. 981-987RussiaDiamond morphology, Diamond inclusions
DS1992-1733
1992
Zezin, R.B.Zezin, R.B., Smirnova, E.P., Saparin, G.V., Obyden, S.K.New growth features of natural diamonds, revealed by colour cathodluminescence scanning electron microscope (CCL SEM) techniqueScanning, Vol. 14, No. 1, Jan-Feb. pp. 3-10.# HC 517GlobalNatural diamond morphology, Cathodluminescence
DS1983-0647
1983
Zezulka, J.Zezulka, J.Precious Stones of the United Republic of TanzaniaGeol. Pruzkum., No. 4, PP. 113-116.East Africa, TanzaniaGemstones, Diamond
DS1985-0763
1985
Zezulkova, I.Zezulkova, I.Petrology of dike rocks near Techlovice in the Ceske Stretdohori Bohemia.*CZE.Cas. Mineral. Geol. *CZE., Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 303-313GlobalCamptonite
DS202005-0775
2020
Zgonnik, V.Zgonnik, V.The occurrence and geoscience of natural hydrogen: a comprehensive review.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 203, 103140, 51p. PdfGlobalhydrogen

Abstract: Using an interdisciplinary approach, this paper reviews current knowledge in the field of natural hydrogen. For the first time, it combines perspectives on hydrogen from the literature of the former Eastern bloc with that of the West, including rare hardcopies and recent studies. Data are summarized and classified in three main sections: hydrogen as a free gas in different environments, as inclusions in various rock types, and as dissolved gas in ground water. This review conclusively demonstrates that molecular hydrogen is much more widespread in nature than was previously thought. Hydrogen has been detected at high concentrations, often as the major gas, in all types of geologic environment. A critical evaluation of all the proposed mechanisms regarding the origin of natural hydrogen shows that a deep-seated origin is potentially the most likely explanation for its abundance in nature. By combining available data, an estimate of 23 Tg/year for the total annual flow of hydrogen from geologic sources is proposed. This value is an order of magnitude greater than previous estimate but most likely still not large enough to account for recently discovered worldwide diffusive seepages. Hydrogen could play a critical role in mechanisms taking place in both the shallow and deep geospheres and it can influence a very wide range of natural phenomena. Hydrogen is an essential energy source for many microorganisms. Sampling for hydrogen can be a useful tool in studying natural environments, geologic mapping, monitoring of earthquakes, plotting fault traces and resource exploration. Hydrogen of geologic origin has the potential to become the renewable energy source of the future, with exploratory projects ongoing at the present time. The topic of natural hydrogen is therefore relevant from many different perspectives.
DS200512-0306
2005
Zha, X.Fu, R., Wang, J., Chang, X., Huang, J., Dai, Z., Zha, X.Upper mantle convection driving by density anomaly and a test model.Acta Seismologica Sinica, Vol. 18, 1, pp. 27-33.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS201607-1306
2016
Zha, X-P.Li, W-Y., Teng, F-Z., Xiao, Y., Gu, H-O., Zha, X-P.Empirical calibration of the clinopyroene-garnet magnesium isotope geothermometer and implications. DabieContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 171, 7, 14p.ChinaGeothermometry

Abstract: The large equilibrium Mg isotope fractionation between clinopyroxene and garnet observed in eclogites makes it a potential high-precision geothermometer, but calibration of this thermometer by natural samples is still limited. Here, we report Mg isotopic compositions of eclogite whole rocks as well as Mg and O isotopic compositions of clinopyroxene and garnet separates from 16 eclogites that formed at different temperatures from the Dabie orogen, China. The whole-rock ?26Mg values vary from ?1.20 to +0.10 ‰. Among them, 11 samples display limited ?26Mg variations from ?0.36 to ?0.17 ‰, similar to those of their protoliths. The mineral separates exhibit very different ?26Mg values, from ?0.39 to +0.39 ‰ for clinopyroxenes and from ?1.94 to ?0.81 ‰ for garnets. The clinopyroxene -garnet Mg isotope fractionation (?26Mgclinopyroxene -garnet = ?26Mgclinopyroxene -?26Mggarnet) varies from 1.05 to 2.15 ‰. The clinopyroxene -garnet O isotope fractionation (?18Oclinopyroxene -garnet = ?18Oclinopyroxene -?18Ogarnet) varies from ?1.01 to +0.98 ‰. Equilibrium Mg isotope fractionation between clinopyroxene and garnet in the investigated samples is selected based on both the ?26Mgclinopyroxene versus ?26Mggarnet plot and the state of O isotope equilibrium between clinopyroxene and garnet. The equilibrium ?26Mgclinopyroxene -garnet and corresponding temperature data obtained in this study, together with those available so far in literatures for natural eclogites, are used to calibrate the clinopyroxene -garnet Mg isotope thermometer. This yields a function of ?26Mgclinopyroxene -garnet = (0.99 ± 0.06) × 106/T 2, where T is temperature in Kelvin. The refined function not only provides the best empirically calibrated clinopyroxene -garnet Mg isotope thermometer for precise constraints of temperatures of clinopyroxene- and garnet-bearing rocks, but also has potential applications in high-temperature Mg isotope geochemistry.
DS1960-0900
1967
Zhabin, A.G.Zhabin, A.G.Carbonatite-kimberlite from Arbarastakh Yakutia SssrDoklady Academy of Sciences Nauk SSSR., Vol. 177, PP. 167-170.RussiaBlank
DS1970-0217
1970
Zhabin, A.G.Zhabin, A.G., Surina, N.P.Petrology of Dikes, Sills and DiatremesMoscow: Nauka., RussiaKimberlite, Kimberley, Janlib
DS1992-1734
1992
Zhabin, A.G.Zhabin, A.G., Gladkikh, V.C.The equilibrium structures of mineral aggregates in deep seated lherzolitenodulesDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 313, No. 106, June pp. 204-207RussiaLherzolite
DS1995-2127
1995
Zhabin, A.G.Zhabin, A.G.Structure of a fourth generation prospecting model of an ore depositDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 330, No. 4, May pp. 125-129RussiaOre modeling
DS2000-0062
2000
ZhaiBarry, T.L., Kampunzu, Rasskazov, Ivanov, Zhaivolcanism and rifting: contrast between East African and Central East Asian rifts.Igc 30th. Brasil, Aug. abstract only 1p.East Africa, AsiaTectonics - rifting
DS200712-0802
2007
Zhai, F.Park, C-Y., Zhai, F.Asia's imprint on global commodity markets.Minerals & Energy - Raw Materials Report, Vol. 22, 1-2, pp. 18-47.AsiaEconomics - markets
DS1996-0855
1996
Zhai, L.Liu, G., Zhai, L., Qing, M., Wang. X., Che, F.Magma melt inclusions in diamondsInternational Geological Congress 30th Session Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 2, p. 397.ChinaDiamond inclusions, Deposit -Fuxian, Mengyin, Dingiagang
DS1995-0344
1995
Zhai, M.Cong, B., Zhai, M., Carswell, D.A., Wilson, R.N., et al.Petrogenesis of ultrahigh pressure rocks and their country rocks at Shuanghe in Dabie Shan central China.Eur. Journal of Mineralogy, No. 1, pp. 119-138.ChinaPetrology, Dabie Shan
DS1996-0247
1996
Zhai, M.Carswell, D.A., Wilson, R.N., Zhai, M.Ultra high pressure aluminous titanites in carbonate bearing eclogites at Shuanghe in Dabie Shan, China.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 60, pp. 461-71.ChinaEclogites, Deposit -Shuanghe, Dabie Shan
DS1997-0169
1997
Zhai, M.Carswell, D.A., O'Brien, P.J., Zhai, M.Thermobarometry of phengite bearing eclogites in the Dabie Mountains of central China.Journal of Met. Geology, Vol. 15, No. 2, Mar. 1, pp. 239-252.ChinaEclogites, Dabie Mountains
DS1997-0572
1997
Zhai, M.Kato, T., Enami, M., Zhai, M.Ultra high pressure (ultra high pressure (UHP)) marble and eclogite in the SuLu ultra high pressure (UHP) terrane eastern China.Journal of Met. Geology, Vol. 15, No. 2, Mar. 1, pp. 169-182.ChinaEclogites
DS2002-0621
2002
Zhai, M.Guan, H., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Zhou, X., Zhai, M.SHRIMP Uranium-Lead- zircon geochronology of the Fuping Complex: implications for formation and assembly Craton.Precambrian Research, Vol. 113, No. 1-2, Jan. pp. 1-18.ChinaCraton - North China, Geochronology
DS2002-1789
2002
Zhai, M.Zhao, T.P., Zhou, M.F., Zhai, M., Xia, B.Paleoproterozoic rift related volcanism of the Xiong'er group, north Chin a Craton: implications for the breakup of Columbia.International Geology Review, Vol. 44, 4, pp. 336-51.ChinaTectonics - rifting
DS2003-0244
2003
Zhai, M.Chen, B., Zhai, M.Geochemistry of late Mesozoic lamprophyre dykes from the Taihang Mountains, northGeological Magazine, Vol. 140, 1, pp. 87-93.ChinaLamprophyres
DS2003-0687
2003
Zhai, M.Kampunzu, A.B., Tombale, A.R., Zhai, M., Bagai, Z., Majaule, T., Modisi, M.P.Major and trace element geochemistry of plutonic rocks from Francistown, NELithos, Vol. 71, 2-4, pp. 431-460.ZimbabweTectonics
DS2003-1542
2003
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Guo, J., Li, Y., Peng, P., Shi, X.Two linear granite belts in the central western North Chin a Craton and their implicationPrecambrian Research, Vol. 127, 1-2, Nov. pp.267-283.ChinaTectonics
DS2003-1543
2003
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Liu, W.Paleoproterozoic tectonic history of the North Chin a craton: a reviewPrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.183-199.ChinaTectonics
DS200412-0949
2003
Zhai, M.Kampunzu, A.B., Tombale, A.R., Zhai, M., Bagai, Z., Majaule, T., Modisi, M.P.Major and trace element geochemistry of plutonic rocks from Francistown, NE Botswana: evidence for a Neoarchean continental actiLithos, Vol. 71, 2-4, pp. 431-460.Africa, ZimbabweTectonics
DS200412-1432
2004
Zhai, M.Ni, Z., Zhai, M., Wang, R., Tong, Y., Shu, G., Hai, X.Discovery of Late Paleozoic retrograded eclogites from the middle part of the northern margin of North Chin a Craton.Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 49, 6, pp. 600-606. Ingenta 1042070211ChinaEclogite
DS200412-2200
2003
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Guo, J., Li, Y., Peng, P., Shi, X.Two linear granite belts in the central western North Chin a Craton and their implication for Late Neoarchean Paleoproterozoic coPrecambrian Research, Vol. 127, 1-2, Nov. pp.267-283.ChinaTectonics
DS200412-2201
2003
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Liu, W.Paleoproterozoic tectonic history of the North Chin a craton: a review.Precambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.183-199.ChinaTectonics
DS200512-0836
2005
Zhai, M.Peng, P., Zhai, M., Zhang, H., Guo, J.Geochronological constraints on the Paleoproterozoic evolution of the North Chin a Craton: SHRIMP zircon ages of different types of mafic dikes.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 5, May, pp. 492-508.ChinaGeochronology
DS200512-1235
2004
Zhai, M.Zhai, M.Precambrian tectonic evolution of the North Chin a craton.Geological Society of London Special Paper, No. 226, pp. 57-62.ChinaTectonics
DS200512-1236
2005
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Guo, J., Liu, W.Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic continental evolution and tectonic history of the North Chin a Craton: a review.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 24, 5, pp. 547-561.ChinaTectonics
DS200512-1237
2004
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Meng, Q., Liu, J.Geological features of Mesozoic tectonic regime inversion in eastern North Chin a and implication for geodynamics.Earth Science Frontiers, Vol. 11, 4, pp. 285-298. Ingenta 1045384779ChinaTectonics
DS200612-1586
2006
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Kampunzu, A.B., Modisi, M.P., Bagai, Z.Sr and Nd isotope systematics of Francistown plutonic rocks, Botswana: implications for Neoarchean crustal evolution of the Zimbabwe craton.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 95. 3. pp. 355-369.Africa, Botswana, ZimbabweGeochronology
DS200612-1587
2006
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Kampunzu, A.B., Modisi, M.P., Bagai, Z.Sr and Nd isotope systematics of Francistown plutonic rocks, Botswana: implications for Neoarchean crustal evolution of the Zimbabwe craton.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 95, 3, June pp. 355-369.Africa, Botswana, ZimbabweGeochronology - craton
DS200612-1588
2005
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., Liu, W.Tectonic division of the Sulu ultrahigh pressure region and the nature of its boundary with the North Chin a block.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 11, pp. 1074-1089.Asia, ChinaTectonics
DS200712-1223
2007
Zhai, M.Zhai, M., et al.Linking the Sulu UHP belt to the Korean Peninsula: evidence from eclogite, Precambrian basement and Paleozoic basin.Gondwana Research, Vol. 12, 4, pp. 388-403.ChinaUHP
DS200812-0879
2008
Zhai, M.Peng, P., Zhai, M., Ernst, R.E., Guo, J., Liu, F., Hu, B.A 1.78 Ga large igneous province in the North Chin a Craton: the Xionger volcanic province and the North Chin a dyke swarm.Lithos, Vol. 101, 3-4, pp. 260-280.ChinaGeochemistry
DS201312-1014
2013
Zhai, M.Zhao, G.,Zhai, M.Lithotectonic elements of Precambrian basement in the North Chin a craton: review and tectonic implications.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 4, pp. 1207-1240.ChinaGeochronology
DS202004-0546
2020
Zhai, M.Xiang, L., Zheng, J., Zhai, M., Siebel, W.Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic constraints on the origin and petrogenesis of Paleozoic lamproites in the southern Yangtze Block, south China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 175, 18p. PdfChinalamproites

Abstract: Lamproites and kimberlites are natural probes of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle providing insights into the Earth’s continental lithosphere. Whole-rock major-, trace-element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of the Paleozoic (~?253 Ma) lamproite dikes from the Baifen zone of the Zhenyuan area in southeastern Guizhou Province (in the southern Yangtze Block, South China) are presented. The Baifen lamproites are characterized by high MgO (7.84-14.1 wt%), K2O (3.94-5.07 wt%) and TiO2 (2.69-3.23 wt%) contents, low SiO2 (41.3-45.7 wt%), Na2O (0.21-0.28 wt%) and Al2O3 (6.10-7.20 wt%) contents. All lamproites have elevated Cr (452-599 ppm) and Ni (485-549 ppm) abundances, as well as high Ba (1884-3589 ppm), La (160-186 ppm), Sr (898-1152 ppm) and Zr (532-632 ppm) concentrations. They show uniform REE distribution patterns that are strongly enriched in light REEs relative to heavy REEs [(La/Yb)N?=?71.1-87.6], and exhibit OIB-like geochemical features with obvious enrichment of both LILEs and HFSEs in the primitive mantle-normalized multi-element distribution diagram. Moderately radiogenic Sr (87Sr/86Sri?=?0.706336-0.707439), unradiogenic Nd (143Nd/144Ndi?=?0.511687-0.511704 and ?Nd(t)?=????12.2 to???11.9), and low initial Pb (206Pb/204Pbi?=?16.80-16.90, 207Pb/204Pbi?=?15.34-15.35 and 208Pb/204Pbi?=?37.43-37.70) isotopic compositions are obtained from the rocks. They yield old model ages of TDM(Nd)?=?1.48-1.54 Ga. These signatures suggest that the Baifen lamproite magmas are alkaline, ultrapotassic and ultramafic in character and mainly represent mantle-derived primary melts, which have undergone insignificant crustal contamination and negligible fractional crystallization. The Baifen lamproites originated from a veined metasomatized lithospheric mantle source. We envisage that they were derived by partial melting of old, mineralogically complex metasomatic vein assemblages in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the southern Yangtze Block. The source region experienced ancient mantle metasomatism with complex modification by enriched fluids and melts. The metasomatic agents are most likely to originate from pre-existing slab subduction beneath the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block. Tectonically, the Baifen lamproites were emplaced at the southern margin of the Yangtze Block, and they formed in an intraplate extensional setting, showing an anorogenic affinity. In terms of time and space, the genesis of Baifen lamproites is presumably related to the Emeishan large igneous province. The Emeishan mantle plume is suggested as an effective mechanism for rapid extension and thinning of the lithosphere, followed by decompression melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. Combined with the thermal perturbation from asthenospheric upwelling induced by the Emeishan mantle plume, the lamproite magmas, representing small volume and limited partial melts of ancient enriched mantle lithosphere, arose. We propose that the generation of the Baifen lamproite dikes probably was a consequence of the far-field effects of the Emeishan mantle plume.
DS202205-0733
2022
Zhai, M.Xiang, L., Zheng, J., Zhai, M.Archean to Paleoproterozoic crustal evolution of the southern Yangtze block ( south China): U-Pb age and Hf-isotope of zircon xenocrysts from the Paleozoic diamondiferous kimberlites.Precambrian Research, Vol. 374, 106651, 17p.Chinadeposit - Maping

Abstract: Crustal zircon xenocrysts from mantle-derived magmatic rocks have the potential to probe the deep crust. Here we present integrated U-Pb dating and Hf-isotope analyses of zircons from a Paleozoic diamondiferous kimberlite dike in the Maping area of Zhenyuan County (southeastern Guizhou Province), with implications for the tectonothermal evolution of unexposed continental crust beneath the southern Yangtze Block, South China. All zircons (n = 236) show a wide range of U-Pb ages between Mesoarchean and middle Carboniferous. Among them, 96 zircons with 90-110% concordance yield concordant ages from 2942 ± 8 Ma to 342 ± 2 Ma, and form major age peaks at ?2.9 Ga, ?2.6 Ga and ?2.0 Ga. The overwhelming majority of zircons are dominated by Mesoarchean-Paleoproterozoic U-Pb ages regardless of their concordance degrees. The zircon populations mainly consist of magmatic zircons, with minor metamorphic grains (Th/U < 0.10). The youngest magmatic zircon (Th/U = 0.43) with a well concordant 206Pb/238U age of 342 ± 2 Ma (M1-16) is interpreted as the maximum emplacement age of the Maping diamondiferous kimberlites. Most zircons with pre-eruption ages are considered to be xenocrysts, and they may be derived from the deep-seated continental crust through which kimberlite host magmas have passed. Their U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions suggest the possible existence of a highly evolved Archean basement beneath the southern Yangtze Block, South China, which is much older than its known surface rocks. A lot of magmatic zircon xenocrysts reveal complex Precambrian crustal evolution in the southern Yangtze Block. These processes involved the important growth of continental crust at 2.6-2.5 Ga, and in the meantime, crustal reworking could be intermittently proceeding at 3.0-2.6 Ga. In addition, a group of xenocrystic zircons are identified to be of metamorphic origin, indicating that the proposed Archean basement beneath the southern Yangtze Block likely experienced a metamorphic event around 2.0 Ga. This geologically significant episode is consistent with the well-developed coeval metamorphism in other places of the Yangtze Block (e.g., Kongling Terrane), which has been considered to link to the assembly of the Paleoproterozoic Nuna/Columbia supercontinent. Our zircon data implies that the unexposed Archean basement beneath the southern Yangtze Block was affected by multiple thermal activities.
DS2001-1298
2001
Zhai, M.G.Zhai, M.G., Guo, J.H., Liu, W.J.An exposed cross section of early Precambrian continental lower crust in North Chin a Craton.Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Vol. 26, pt. A. No. 9-10, pp. 781-92.ChinaMantle, Geology
DS2001-1299
2001
Zhai, M.G.Zhai, M.G., Guo, J.H., Liu, W.J.An exposed cross section of early Precambrian continental lower crust in North Chin a craton.Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Pt. A. Solid Earth, Vol. 26, No. 9-10, pp. 781-92.ChinaTectonics
DS2002-1775
2002
Zhai, M-G.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X-H., Fan, W-M., Zhai, M-G.Mesozoic lithosphere destruction beneath the North Chin a Craton:Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 143, 5, pp.ChinaTectonics - subduction
DS200712-0826
2007
Zhai, M-G.Peng, P., Zhai, M-G., Guo, J-H, Kusky, T.,Ping, T.Nature of mantle source contributions and crystal differentiation in the petrogenesis of the 1.78 Ga mafic dykes in the central North Chin a Craton.Gondwana Research, Vol. 12, 1-2, August pp. 29-46.ChinaDyke chemistry
DS200712-0827
2007
Zhai, M-G.Peng, P., Zhai, M-G., Guo, J-H, Kusky, T.,Ping, T.Nature of mantle source contributions and crystal differentiation in the petrogenesis of the 1.78 Ga mafic dykes in the central North Chin a Craton.Gondwana Research, Vol. 12, 1-2, August pp. 29-46.ChinaDyke chemistry
DS200812-1308
2007
Zhai, M-G.Zhai, M-G., Windley, B.F., Kusky, T.M., Meng, Q.R.Mesozoic sub-continental lithospheric thinning under eastern Asia.New books, Tables of contents and costsAsiaNorth China Craton
DS201112-1158
2011
Zhai, M-G.Zhai, M-G., Santosh, M.Tectonic models for the North Chin a craton. The early Precambrian odyssey of the North Chin a craton: a synoptic overview.Gondwana Research, Vol. 20, 1, pp. 6-25.ChinaTectonics
DS200812-1309
2008
Zhai, S.Zhai, S., Ito, E.Phase relations of CaAl4Si2O11 at high pressure and high temperature with implications for subducted continental crust into the deep mantle.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 167, 161-167.MantleUHP
DS2003-1549
2003
Zhai, S.M.Zhang, R.Y., Zhai, S.M., Fei, Y.W.., Liou, J.G.Titanium solubility in coexisting garnet and clinopyroxene at very high pressure: theEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 4, Dec. 10, pp. 591-601.GlobalBlank
DS200412-2210
2003
Zhai, S.M.Zhang, R.Y., Zhai, S.M., Fei, Y.W., Liou, J.G.Titanium solubility in coexisting garnet and clinopyroxene at very high pressure: the significance of exsolved rutile in garnet.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 4, Dec. 10, pp. 591-601.TechnologyUHP, solubility
DS1996-1587
1996
Zhai, X.Zhai, X., Coe, R.S., Gilder, S.A., Frost, G.M.Paleomagnetic constraints on the paleogeography of China: implications forGondwanaland.Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 43, pp. 643-672.ChinaPaleomagnetism, Tectonics
DS1996-1588
1996
Zhai, Y.Zhai, Y., Deng, J.Outline of the mineral resources of Chin a and their tectonic settingAustralian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 43, pp. 673-685ChinaTectonics, Metallogeny
DS1996-1589
1996
Zhai, Y.Zhai, Y., Deng, J.Outline of the mineral resources of Chin a and their tectonic settingAustralian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 43, pp. 673-685.ChinaTectonics, Metallogeny
DS1992-1735
1992
Zhai, Y.J.Zhai, Y.J., Halls, H.C.Paleomagnetism of the Molson Dykes and Pikwitonei granulites, NorthernManitobaEos Transactions, Vol. 73, No. 14, April 7, supplement abstracts p. 92ManitobaPaleomagnetics, Dykes
DS200512-1238
2004
Zhamaletdinov, A.A.Zhamaletdinov, A.A., Shetsov, A.N., Tokarev, A.D.Normal model of electric conductivity of the Baltic Shield lithosphere and its geodynamic interpretation.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 399, 8,pp. 1098-1102.Russia, Baltic ShieldGeophysics - seismics, tectonics
DS200912-0850
2009
Zhamaletdinov, A.A.Zhamaletdinov, A.A., Shevtsov, Kortkova et al.International FENICS experiment on the tensor frequency electromagnetic sounding of the lithosphere in the eastern Baltic ( Fennoscandian) Shield.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 427, 2, pp. 979-984.Europe, Finland, NorwayGeophysics
DS201112-1159
2011
Zhamaletdinov, A.A.Zhamaletdinov, A.A.The new dat a on the structure of the continental crust based on results of electromagnetic sounding with the use of powerful controlled sources.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 438, 2, pp. 798-802.MantleGeophysics - EM
DS202202-0228
2022
Zhan, A.Zhao, L., Tyler, I.M., Gorczk, W., Murdie, R.E., Gessner, K., Lu, Y., Smithies, H., Lia, T., Yang, J., Zhan, A., Wan, B., Sun, B., Yuan, H.Seismic evidence of two cryptic sutures in northwestern Australia: implications for the style of subduction during the Paleoproterozoic assembly of Columbia.Earth and planetary Science Letters, Vol. 579, 117343, 11p. PdfAustraliageophysics- seismics

Abstract: Plate tectonics, including rifting, subduction, and collision processes, was likely to have been different in the past due to the secular cooling of the Earth. The northeastern part of the West Australian Craton (WAC) has a complex Archean and Paleoproterozoic tectonic history; therefore, it provides an opportunity to study how subduction and collision processes evolved during the emergence of plate tectonics, particularly regarding the assembly of Earth's first supercontinent, Columbia. Because the northeastern boundary of the WAC and the southwestern boundary of the North Australian Craton (NAC) are covered by the Phanerozoic Canning Basin, the regional tectonic evolution has remained enigmatic, including how many tectonic elements were assembled and what may have driven rifting and subsequent collision events. Here, we use new passive-source seismic modeling to identify a seismically distinct segment of the lithosphere, the Percival Lakes Province, which lies east of the Pilbara Craton and is separated by two previously unknown southeast-trending lithosphere scale Paleoproterozoic sutures. We interpret that the northeastern suture, separates the Percival Lakes Province from the NAC, records the amalgamation of the WAC with the NAC. The southwestern suture separates the PLP from the reworked northeastern margin of the Pilbara Craton, including the East Pilbara Terrane and the Rudall Province. A significant upper mantle dipping structure was identified in the southwestern suture, and we interpret it to be a relic of subduction that records a previously unknown Paleoproterozoic collision that pre-dated the amalgamation of the WAC and NAC. By comparing our findings with previously documented dipping features, we show that the Paleoproterozoic collisions are seismically distinguishable from their Phanerozoic counterparts.
DS1996-1590
1996
Zhan, M.Zhan, M., Li, B.The confirmation and study on Cenozoic kimberlites, Anyuan, southernChina.International Geological Congress 30th Session Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 2, p. 396.ChinaKimberlites, Deposit -Anyuan
DS200612-1589
2006
Zhan, X.Zhan, X., Zhu, R., Liao, X.On thermal interaction between the Earth's core and mantle: an annular channel Model.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 159, 1-2, pp. 96-108.MantleGeothermometry, core convection, geodynamics
DS1987-0830
1987
Zhanatauov, S.U.Zhanatauov, S.U.Stages of processing geochemical dat a coming from kimberlite ductsMathematical Methods in Geology, Abstracts, Mining Pribram, p. 6. (abstract.) Citation states English summaryRussiaGeochemistry
DS1992-0025
1992
ZhangAnderson, D.L., Tanimoto, T., Zhang, Yu-ShenPlate tectonics and hotspots: the third dimensionScience, Vol. 256, June 19, pp. 1645-1651MantleHot spots, Shear velocity
DS1994-1986
1994
ZhangZhang, Ru-Yuan, Liou, J.G.Coesite bearing eclogite in Henan Province, central China: detailedpetrography, glaucophane stability and PT path.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 6, pp. 217-233.ChinaEclogite, Mineralogy, Coesite
DS1995-2130
1995
ZhangZhang, Peishan, et al.Occurrences of RE minerals and geology of rare earth elements (REE) ore depositsIn: Mineralogy and geology of rare earths in China, pp. 171-190ChinaRare earths, Carbonatite
DS2000-1043
2000
ZhangYongbei, Zhang, Zhao, C., Xu, C.The characteristics of apatitic carbonatite of Proterozoic Kunyang Rift, Yunnan China.Igc 30th. Brasil, Aug. abstract only 1p.ChinaCarbonatititic tuff
DS2000-1047
2000
ZhangZhang, Min, Suddaby, P., O'Reilly, S.Y., Norman, M., QiuNature of lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern part of Central Asian fold belt: mantle xenolith evidence.Tectonophysics, Vol. 328, no, 1-2 Dec.20, pp.131-56.GlobalXenoliths, Geochemistry
DS2001-0072
2001
ZhangBai, W. Yang, Robinson, Febg, Zhang, Yan, HuStudy of diamonds from chromitites in the Luobusa ophiolite, TibetActa Geologica Sinica, Vol. 75, No. 3, pp. 409-17.China, TibetChromitites - diamond
DS2001-0073
2001
ZhangBai, W., Yang, J., Fang, Yan, ZhangExplosion of ultrahigh pressure minerals in the mantleActa Geologica Sinica, Vol. 22, No. 5, pp. 385-90.MantleUHP
DS2001-0181
2001
ZhangChen, S., O'Reilly, S., Zhou, Griffin, Zhang, Sun, FengThermal and petrological structure of the lithosphere beneath Hannuoba, Sino Korean Craton, evidence xenolithLithos, Vol. 56, pp. 267-301.ChinaXenoliths, trace elements, structure
DS2001-0355
2001
ZhangGao, S., Kern, H., Jin, Popp, Jin, Zhang, ZhangPoisson's ratio of eclogite: the role of retrogressionEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 192, No. 4, pp. 523-31.GlobalEclogite - geochemistry, Poisson ratio
DS2001-0355
2001
ZhangGao, S., Kern, H., Jin, Popp, Jin, Zhang, ZhangPoisson's ratio of eclogite: the role of retrogressionEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 192, No. 4, pp. 523-31.GlobalEclogite - geochemistry, Poisson ratio
DS2001-1302
2001
ZhangZhang, H.F., Sun, M., Lu, Zhou, Zhou, Liu, ZhangGeochemical significance of a garnet lherzolite from the Dahongshan kimberlite Yangtze Craton.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 315-32.China, SouthernGeochemistry, Deposit - Dahongshan
DS2003-0248
2003
ZhangChen, J.F., Xie, Z., Li, H.M., Zhang, X.D., Zhou, T.X., Park, Ahn, Chen, ZhangU Pb zircon ages for a collision related K rich complex at Shidao in the Sulu ultrahighGeochemical Journal, Vol. 37, pp. 35-46.ChinaBlank
DS200412-0319
2003
ZhangChen, J.F., Xie, Z., Li, H.M., Zhang, X.D., Zhou, T.X., Park, Ahn, Chen, ZhangU Pb zircon ages for a collision related K rich complex at Shidao in the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane, China.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 37, pp. 35-46.ChinaUHP, shoshonites
DS200612-0838
2006
ZhangLu, X.P., Wu, F.Y., Guo, J.H., Wilde, S.A., Yang, J.H., Liu, X.M., Zhang, XoZircon U Pb geochronological constraints on the Paleoproterozoic crustal evolution of the Eastern Block in the North Chin a Craton.Precambrian Research, Vol. 146, 3-4, pp. 138-164.ChinaGeochronology
DS200812-0959
2008
ZhangRicolleau, A., Fei, Cottrell, Watson, Zhang, Fiquet, Auzende, Roskosz, Morard, PrakapenkaNew constraints on the pyrolitic model under lower mantle conditions.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A795.MantleX-ray diffraction
DS200812-1321
2008
ZhangZheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Hu, Zhang, Tang, Su, Zhang, Pearson, Wamg, Lu.Continental collision and accretion recorded in the deep lithosphere of central China.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 269, 3-4 May 30, pp. 496-506.ChinaBasaltic diatremes, geochronology, craton, tectonics
DS200812-1321
2008
ZhangZheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Hu, Zhang, Tang, Su, Zhang, Pearson, Wamg, Lu.Continental collision and accretion recorded in the deep lithosphere of central China.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 269, 3-4 May 30, pp. 496-506.ChinaBasaltic diatremes, geochronology, craton, tectonics
DS200912-0861
2009
ZhangZheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhao, J.H., Wu, Liu, Pearson, Zhang, Ma, Zhang, Yu, Su, TangNeoarchean ( 2.7-2.8 Ga) accretion beneath the North Chin a Craton: U Pb age, trace elements and Hf isotopes of zircons in Diamondiferous kimberlites.Lithos, Vol. 117, pp. 188-202.ChinaGeochronology
DS200912-0861
2009
ZhangZheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhao, J.H., Wu, Liu, Pearson, Zhang, Ma, Zhang, Yu, Su, TangNeoarchean ( 2.7-2.8 Ga) accretion beneath the North Chin a Craton: U Pb age, trace elements and Hf isotopes of zircons in Diamondiferous kimberlites.Lithos, Vol. 117, pp. 188-202.ChinaGeochronology
DS201112-1169
2011
ZhangZhao, Z., Niu, Y., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, Hou, Zhang, Xie, Zhang, LiuDelamination and ultra deep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultra high pressure metamorphic rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.ChinaUHP - Dabie
DS201112-1169
2011
ZhangZhao, Z., Niu, Y., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, Hou, Zhang, Xie, Zhang, LiuDelamination and ultra deep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultra high pressure metamorphic rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.ChinaUHP - Dabie
DS201412-0092
2014
ZhangCampbell, I., Stepanov, A., Liang, H-Y., Allen, C., Norman, M., Zhang, Y-Q, Xie, Y-W.The origin of shoshonites: new insights from the Tertiary high-potassium intrusions of eastern Tibet.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 167, 3, pp. 1-22.Asia, TibetShoshonite
DS202001-0017
2019
ZhangHuang, C., Zhang, N, Li, Z.X., Dang, Z.Modeling the inception of supercontinent breakup: stress state and the importance of orogens.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, in press available pdf 20p.Globalgeodynamics

Abstract: The relative significance of various geodynamic mechanisms that drive supercontinent breakup is unclear. A previous analysis of extensional stress during supercontinent breakup demonstrated the importance of the plume?push force relative to the dragging force of subduction retreat. Here, we extend the analysis to basal traction (shear stress) and cross?lithosphere integrations of both extensional and shear stresses, aiming to understand more clearly the relevant importance of these mechanisms in supercontinent breakup. More importantly, we evaluate the effect of preexisting orogens (mobile belts) in the lithosphere on supercontinent breakup process. Our analysis suggests that a homogeneous supercontinent has extensional stress of 20-50 MPa in its interior (<40° from the central point). When orogens are introduced, the extensional stress in the continents focuses on the top 80?km of the lithosphere with an average magnitude of ~160 MPa, whereas at the margin of the supercontinent the extensional stress is 5-50 MPa. In both homogeneous and orogeny?embedded cases, the subsupercontinent mantle upwellings act as the controlling factor on the normal stress field in the supercontinent interior. Compared with the extensional stress, shear stress at the bottom of the supercontinent is 1-2 order of magnitude smaller (0-5 MPa). In our two end?member models, the breakup of a supercontinent with orogens can be achieved after the first extensional stress surge, whereas for a hypothetical supercontinent without orogens it starts with more diffused local thinning of the continental lithospheric before the breakup, suggesting that weak orogens play a critical role in the dispersal of supercontinents.
DS1994-1753
1994
Zhang, A.Taylor, W.R., Zhang, A., Janse, A.J.A.Leucitites and other potassic igneous rocks of the Yangtze Craton, southChin a and their diamond bearing potential.Geological Association of Canada (GAC) Abstract Volume, Vol. 19, p. PosterChinaAlkaline rocks, Yangtze Craton
DS1996-1593
1996
Zhang, A.Zhang, A., Griffin, W.L., Win, T.T., Xu, D.Lithosphere mapping in eastern Chin a garnets and spinels from kimberlitic and lamproitic rocks.International Geological Congress 30th Session Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 2, p. 398.ChinaGeothermometry, Kimberlites, lamproites
DS1998-1625
1998
Zhang, A.Zhang, A., Griffin, W.L., Ryan, C.G., Andrew, A.Conditions of diamond formation beneath the Sino-Korean Craton:paragenesis, temperatures and isotopic cond.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 992-4.China, LiaoningMineral inclusions, Deposit - Pipe # 50, Shengli #1, Hongqi # 6
DS1999-0828
1999
Zhang, A.Zhang, A., Griffin, W.L., Ryan, C.G., Andrew, A.S.Conditions of diamond formation beneath Liaoning and Shandong Provinces: parageneses, temperatures... carbon7th International Kimberlite Conference Nixon, Vol. 2, pp. 940-47.China, Shandong, LiaoningGeochronology, diamond inclusions, major element analys, Deposit - Mengyin
DS1992-1736
1992
Zhang, B.Zhang, B., Halls, H.C.Does another thrust sheet lie above the Kapuskasing Zone?Eos Transactions, Vol. 73, No. 14, April 7, supplement abstracts p. 92OntarioTectonics, Kapuskasing Zone
DS1998-0564
1998
Zhang, B.Halls, H.C., Zhang, B.Uplift structure of the southern Kapuskasing zone from 2.45 Ga dike swarmdisplacement.Geology, Vol. 26, No. 1, Jan. pp. 67-70.OntarioDike swarm, Kapuskasing tectonic zone
DS2002-1773
2002
Zhang, B.Zhang, H., Gao, S., Zhong, Z., Zhang, B., Zhang, L., Hu, S.Geochemical and Sr Nd Pb isotopic compositions of Cretaceous granitoids: constraintsChemical Geology, Vol. 186, 2-4, pp. 281-99.China, easternUHP, Dabie Shan area
DS2003-0537
2003
Zhang, B.Halls, H.C., Zhang, B.Crustal uplift in the southern Superior Province, Canada revealed by paleomagnetismTectonophysics, Vol. 362, 1-4, pp. 123-46.Ontario, ManitobaTectonics
DS2003-0754
2003
Zhang, B.Kuang, S., Zhang, B.Crust mantle interaction in Dabie Orogenic belt, central China: geochemical evidenceChinese Journal of Geochemistry, Vol. 22, 3, pp. 231-43.ChinaUHP
DS2003-0820
2003
Zhang, B.Ling, W., Gao, S., Zhang, B., Li, H., Liu, Y., Cheng, J.Neoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the northwestern Yangtze Craton, South China:Precambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.111-140.China, RodiniaTectonics
DS200412-1060
2003
Zhang, B.Kuang, S., Zhang, B.Crust mantle interaction in Dabie Orogenic belt, central China: geochemical evidence from late Cretaceous basalts.Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, Vol. 22, 3, pp. 231-43.ChinaUHP
DS200412-1139
2003
Zhang, B.Ling, W., Gao, S., Zhang, B., Li, H., Liu, Y., Cheng, J.Neoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the northwestern Yangtze Craton, South China: implications for amalgamation and break up ofPrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.111-140.China, RodiniaTectonics
DS200512-1239
2005
Zhang, B.Zhang, B., Guo, W.L., Dai, Y.T.Touch graphite and turn it into diamond? Physical mechanics of carbon matters under ultrahigh pressure.Physics Review Letters, Vol. 34, 7, pp. 498-502.TechnologyCarbon
DS201212-0811
2012
Zhang, B.Zhang, B., Yoshino, T., Wu, X., Matsuzaki, T., Shan, S., Katsura, T.Electrical conductivity of enstatite as a function of water content: implications for the electrical structure in the upper mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 357-358, pp. 11-20.MantleHT Hp hydrous conditions
DS1995-0580
1995
Zhang, B.R.Gao, S., Zhang, B.R., Guo, X-M.Silurian Devonian provenance changes of South Qinling Basins: implicationfor accretion of Yangtze craton.Tectonophysics, Vol. 250, No. 1/3, Nov. 15, pp. 183-ChinaCraton, North China
DS1998-0465
1998
Zhang, B.R.Gao, S., Zhang, B.R., Zhao, Z.D.How mafic is the lower continental crust?Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 161, No. 1-4, Sept. 1, pp. 101-118.MantleMagmatism
DS2002-1720
2002
Zhang, C.Windley, B.F., Kroner, A., Guo, J., Qu, G., Li, Y., Zhang, C.Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic geology of the Altai Orogen NW China: new zircon age dat a and tectonic evolution.Journal of Geology, Vol. 110, 6, pp. 719-738.ChinaGeochronology
DS200512-1240
2005
Zhang, C.Zhang, C., Manheim, F.T., Hinde, J., Grossman, J.N.Statistical characteristics of a large geochemical database and effect of sample size.Applied Geochemistry, Vol.20, 10, Oct. pp. 1857-1874.TechnologyGeochemistry - not specific to diamonds
DS200912-0851
2009
Zhang, C.Zhang, C., Duan, Z.A model for C O H fluid in the Earth's mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, 7, pp. 2089-2102.MantleWater
DS201112-0180
2011
Zhang, C.Cheng, H., Vervoort, J.D., Li, X., Zhang, C., Li, Q., Zheng, S.The growth interval of garnet in the UHP eclogites from the Dabie orogen, China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 96, 8-9, pp. 1300-1307.ChinaUHP
DS201112-0181
2011
Zhang, C.Cheng, H., Zhang, C., Vervoot, J.D., Wu, Y., Zheng, Y., Zheng, S., Zhou, Z.New Lu-Hf geochronology constrains the onset of continental subduction in the Dabie Orogen.Lithos, Vol. 121, 1-4, pp. 41-54.ChinaSubduction
DS201112-1160
2011
Zhang, C.Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Van Roermund, H., Song, S., Zhang, G.Petrology and SHRIMP U-Pb dating of Xitieshan eclogite, North Quidam, UHP metamorphic belt, NW China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 32, 4, pp. 752-767.ChinaUHP
DS201412-0871
2014
Zhang, C.Song, S., Niu, Y., Zhang, C., Zhang, L.Continental orogenesis from ocean subduction, continent collision/subduction, to orogen collapse, and orogen recycling: the example of the North Qaidam UHPM belt, NW China.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 129, pp. 59-84.ChinaUHP
DS201607-1387
2016
Zhang, C.Yang, J., Dilek, Y., Pearce, J., Schertl, H-P., Zhang, C.Diamonds and crustal recycling into deep mantle.IGC 35th., Session The Deep Earth 1 p. abstractMantleSubduction
DS201703-0440
2017
Zhang, C.Wu, F-Y.,Mitchell, R.H., Li, Q-L., Zhang, C., Yang, Y-H.Emplacement age and isotopic composition of the Prairie Lake carbonatite complex, northwestern Ontario, Canada.Geological Magazine, Vol. 154, 2, pp. 217-236.Canada, OntarioCarbonatite

Abstract: Alkaline rock and carbonatite complexes, including the Prairie Lake complex (NW Ontario), are widely distributed in the Canadian region of the Midcontinent Rift in North America. It has been suggested that these complexes were emplaced during the main stage of rifting magmatism and are related to a mantle plume. The Prairie Lake complex is composed of carbonatite, ijolite and potassic nepheline syenite. Two samples of baddeleyite from the carbonatite yield U-Pb ages of 1157.2±2.3 and 1158.2±3.8 Ma, identical to the age of 1163.6±3.6 Ma obtained for baddeleyite from the ijolite. Apatite from the carbonatite yields the same U-Pb age of ~1160 Ma using TIMS, SIMS and laser ablation techniques. These ages indicate that the various rocks within the complex were synchronously emplaced at about 1160 Ma. The carbonatite, ijolite and syenite have identical Sr, Nd and Hf isotopic compositions with a 87Sr/86Sr ratio of ~0.70254, and positive ?Nd(t)1160 and ?Hf(t)1160 values of ~+3.5 and ~+4.6, respectively, indicating that the silicate and carbonatitic rocks are co-genetic and related by simple fractional crystallization from a magma derived from a weakly depleted mantle. These age determinations extend the period of magmatism in the Midcontinent Rift in the Lake Superior area to 1160 Ma, but do not indicate whether the magmatism is associated with passive continental rifting or the initial stages of plume-induced rifting.
DS201802-0268
2018
Zhang, C-C.Sun, W-d., Hawkesworth, C.J., Yao, C., Zhang, C-C., Huang, R.f., Liu, X., Sun, X-L, Ireland, T., Song, M-s., Ling, M-x., Ding, X., Zhang, Z-f., Fan, W-m., Wu, Z-q.Carbonated mantle domains at the base of the Earth's transition zone.Chemical Geology, Vol. 478, pp. 69-75.Mantlecarbonatite

Abstract: The oxygen fugacity of the upper mantle is 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than that of the lower mantle and this has been attributed to Fe2 + disproportionating into Fe3 + plus Fe0 at pressures > 24 GPa. The upper mantle might therefore have been expected to have evolved to more oxidizing compositions through geological time, but it appears that the oxygen fugacity of the upper mantle has remained constant for the last 3.5 billion years. Thus, it indicates that the mantle has been actively buffered from the accumulation of Fe3 +, and that this is linked to oxidation of diamond to carbonate coupled with reduction of Fe3 + to Fe2 +. When subducted plates penetrate into the lower mantle, compensational upwelling transports bridgmanite into the transition zone, where it breaks down to ringwoodite and majorite, releasing the ferric iron. The system returns to equilibrium through oxidation of diamond. Early in Earth history, diamond may have been enriched at the base of the transition zone in the Magma Ocean, because it is denser than peridotite melts at depths shallower than 660 km, and it is more buoyant below. Ongoing oxidation of diamond forms carbonate, leading to relatively high carbonate concentrations in the source of ocean island basalts.
DS201112-0318
2011
Zhang, Chi.Fei, Y., Zhang, Chi., Tao, R.Efficient carbon leaching in silicate through fluid/melt migration and implications for diamond formation.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.835.MantleRedox reaction
DS200612-1590
2006
Zhang, C-L.Zhang, C-L., Li, Z.X., Li, X-H., Ye, H., Wang, A., Guo, K-Y.Neoproterozoic bimodal intrusive complex in the southwestern Tarim Block, northwest China: age, geochemistry, and implications for rifting of Rodinia.International Geology Review, Vol. 48, 2, Feb. pp. 112-128.ChinaGeochronology
DS201312-1009
2013
Zhang, C-L.Zhang, C-L., Li, H-K., Santosh, M.Revisiting the tectonic evolution of South China: interaction between Rodinia superplume and plate subduction?Terra Nova, Vol. 25, 3, pp. 212-220.ChinaSubduction
DS201711-2521
2017
Zhang, C-L.Kang, J-T, Ionov, D.A., Liu, F., Zhang, C-L., Golovin, A.V., Qin, L-P., Zhang, Z-F., Huang, F.Calcium isotopic fractionation in mantle peridotites by melting and metasomatism and Ca isotope composition of the Bulk Silicate Earth.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 474, pp. 128-137.Mantleperidotites

Abstract: To better constrain the Ca isotopic composition of the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE) and explore the Ca isotope fractionation in the mantle, we determined the Ca isotopic composition of 28 peridotite xenoliths from Mongolia, southern Siberia and the Siberian craton. The samples are divided in three chemical groups: (1) fertile, unmetasomatized lherzolites (3.7-4.7 wt.% Al2O3); (2) moderately melt-depleted peridotites (1.3-3.0 wt.% Al2O3) with no or very limited metasomatism (LREE-depleted cpx); (3) strongly metasomatized peridotites (LREE-enriched cpx and bulk rock) further divided in subgroups 3a (harzburgites, 0.1-1.0% Al2O3) and 3b (fertile lherzolites, 3.9-4.3% Al2O3). In Group 1, ?44/40Ca of fertile spinel and garnet peridotites, which experienced little or no melting and metasomatism, show a limited variation from 0.90 to 0.99‰ (relative to SRM 915a) and an average of 0.94 ± 0.05‰ (2SD, ), which defines the Ca isotopic composition of the BSE. In Group 2, the ?44/40Ca is the highest for three rocks with the lowest Al2O3, i.e. the greatest melt extraction degrees (average ‰, i.e. ?0.1‰ heavier than the BSE estimate). Simple modeling of modal melting shows that partial melting of the BSE with ranging from 0.10 to 0.25 can explain the Group 2 data. By contrast, ?44/40Ca in eight out of nine metasomatized Group 3 peridotites are lower than the BSE estimate. The Group 3a harzburgites show the greatest ?44/40Ca variation range (0.25-0.96‰), with ?44/40Ca positively correlated with CaO and negatively correlated with Ce/Eu. Chemical evidence suggests that the residual, melt-depleted, low-Ca protoliths of the Group 3a harzburgites were metasomatized, likely by carbonate-rich melts/fluids. We argue that such fluids may have low (?0.25‰) ?44/40Ca either because they contain recycled crustal components or because Ca isotopes, similar to trace elements and their ratios, may be fractionated by kinetic and/or chromatographic effects of melt percolation in the mantle. The ?44/40Ca in Group 3b lherzolites (0.83-0.89‰) are lower than in the BSE as well, but the effects of metasomatism on ?44/40Ca are smaller, possibly because of the high Ca contents in their protoliths and/or smaller ?44/40Ca differences between the protoliths and metasomatic agents. The BSE estimates based on fertile peridotites in this study fall in the ?44/40Ca ranges for oceanic and continental basalts, various meteorites (achondrites; carbonaceous, ordinary and enstatite chondrites), Mars, and the Moon. These results provide benchmarks for the application of Ca isotopes to planet formation, mantle evolution, and crustal recycling.
DS2002-1629
2002
Zhang, D.Valentine, G.A., Zhang, D., Robinson, B.A.Modeling complex, nonlinear geological processesAnnual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol.30,pp. 35-64.GlobalModels - nonlinear processes
DS2002-1630
2002
Zhang, D.Valentine, G.A., Zhang, D., Robinson, B.A.Modeling complex, nonlinear geological processesAnnual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol.30,pp. 35-64.GlobalModels - nonlinear processes
DS201312-1010
2013
Zhang, D.Zhang, D., Zhang, Z., Santosh, M., Cheng, Z., He, H., Kang, J.Perovskite and baddeleyite from kimberlitic intrusions in the Tarim large igneous province signal the onset of an end Carboniferous mantle plume.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 361, pp. 238-248.ChinaDeposit - Wajiltag
DS201412-0125
2014
Zhang, D.Cheng, Z., Zhang, Z., Santosh, M., Hou, T., Zhang, D.Carbonate and silicate rich globules in the kimberlitic rocks of northwestern Tarim large igneous province, NW China: evidence for carbonated mantle source.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 95, pp. 114-135.ChinaDeposit - Wajilitage
DS201508-0364
2015
Zhang, D.Li, H., Zhang, Z., Ernst, R., Lu, L., Santosh, M., Zhang, D., Cheng, Z.Giant radiating mafic dyke swarm of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province: identifying the mantle plume centre.Terra Nova, Vol. 27, 4, pp. 247-257.ChinaMantle plume
DS201708-1586
2017
Zhang, D.Zhou, Z-G., Wang, G-S., Di, Y-J., Gu, Y-C., Zhang, D., Zhu, W-P., Liu, C-F., Wu, C., Li, H-Y., Chen, L-Z.Discovery of Mesoproterozoic kimberlite from Dorbed Banner Inner Mongolia and its tectonic significance.Geological Journal, pp. 1-13.Asia, Mongoliadeposit - Longtou Shan

Abstract: Porphyritic olivine kimberlitic breccia, discovered in the Dörbed Banner of Inner Mongolia, Western China, is referred to as Longtou Shan Kimberlite in our study. This kimberlite occurs as a pipe in the Halahuogete Formation of Bayan Obo Group. Zircon U–Pb ages of Longtou Shan Kimberlite reveals a Mesoproterozoic age of ~1,552 Ma, constraining the deposition age of Halahuogete Formation to the Mesoproterozoic. Compared with Mesoproterozoic kimberlite of the ancient landmass, it can be inferred that the North China Craton is a member of the Ur ancient continent of the Columbia supercontinent. Furthermore, according to the tectonic background of the Bayan Obo Group, we raise this possibility that “Bayan Obo Aulacogen” should be renamed the “Bayan Obo Continental Rift.”
DS201709-2071
2017
Zhang, D.Wicks, J.K., Jackson, J.M., Struhahn, W., Zhang, D.Sound velocity and sensity of magnesiowustites: implications for ultralow velocity zone topography.Geophysics Research Letters, Vol. 44, 5, pp. 2148-2158.Mantlegeophysics - seismics

Abstract: We explore the effect of Mg/Fe substitution on the sound velocities of iron-rich (Mg1 ? xFex)O, where x = 0.84, 0.94, and 1.0. Sound velocities were determined using nuclear resonance inelastic X-ray scattering as a function of pressure, approaching those of the lowermost mantle. The systematics of cation substitution in the Fe-rich limit has the potential to play an important role in the interpretation of seismic observations of the core-mantle boundary. By determining a relationship between sound velocity, density, and composition of (Mg,Fe)O, this study explores the potential constraints on ultralow-velocity zones at the core-mantle boundary.
DS201805-0984
2018
Zhang, D.Tschauner, O., Huang, S., Greenberg, E., Prakapenka, V.B., Ma, C., Rossman, G.R., Shen, A.H., Zhang, D., Newville, M., Lanzirotti, A., Tait, K.Ice-VII inclusions in diamonds: evidence for aqueous fluid in the Earth's deep mantle. Orapa, ShandongScience, Vol. 359, pp. 1136-1139.Africa, South Africa, Botswana, Congo, Sierra Leone, Chinadiamond inclusions
DS201811-2587
2018
Zhang, D.Lai, X., Zhu, F., Zhang, D., Hu, Y., Finkelstein, G.J., Dera, P., Chen, B.The high pressure anisotropic thermelestic properties of a potential inner core carbon bearing phase, Fe-C3, by single crystal X-ray diffraction.American Mineralogist, Vol. 103, pp. 1568-1574.Mantlecarbon

Abstract: Carbon has been suggested as one of the light elements existing in the Earth's core. Under core conditions, iron carbide Fe7C3 is likely the first phase to solidify from a Fe-C melt and has thus been considered a potential component of the inner core. The crystal structure of Fe7C3, however, is still under debate, and its thermoelastic properties are not well constrained at high pressures. In this study, we performed synchrotron-based single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiment using an externally heated diamond-anvil cell to determine the crystal structure and thermoelastic properties of Fe7C3 up to 80 GPa and 800 K. Our diffraction data indicate that Fe7C3 adopts an orthorhombic structure under experimentally investigated conditions. The pressure-volume-temperature data for Fe7C3 were fitted by the high-temperature Birch-Murnaghan equation of state, yielding ambient-pressure unit-cell volume V0 = 745.2(2) Å3, bulk modulus K0 = 167(4) GPa, its first pressure derivative K0? = 5.0(2), dK/dT = -0.02(1) GPa/K, and thermal expansion relation ?T = 4.7(9) × 10-5 + 3(5) × 10-8 × (T - 300) K-1. We also observed anisotropic elastic responses to changes in pressure and temperature along the different crystallographic directions. Fe7C3 has strong anisotropic compressibilities with the linear moduli Ma > Mc > Mb from zero pressure to core pressures at 300 K, rendering the b axis the most compressible upon compression. The thermal expansion of c3 is approximately four times larger than that of a3 and b3 at 600 and 700 K, implying that the high temperature may significantly influence the elastic anisotropy of Fe7C3. Therefore, the effect of high temperature needs to be considered when using Fe7C3 to explain the anisotropy of the Earth's inner core.
DS201902-0334
2019
Zhang, D.Xu, J., Zhang, D., Fan, D., Dera, P.K., Shi, F., Zhou, W.Thermoeleastic properties of eclogitic garnets and omphacites: implications for deep subduction of oceanic crust and density anomalies in the upper mantle.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 46, 1, pp. 179-188.Mantlesubduction

Abstract: Eclogite mainly consists of pyrope?almandine?grossular garnet and sodium?rich pyroxene (omphacite) and is a key component of the Earth's upper mantle and oceanic crust. It plays an important role in the mantle convection. The lack of thermoelastic parameters of eclogitic garnets and omphacites hampers accurate modeling of eclogite density at deep?Earth pressure?temperature conditions. In this study, we obtained the thermoelastic parameters of natural eclogitic garnets and omphacites and then modeled the densities of high?Fe and low?Fe eclogites in the subducted oceanic crust and the normal upper mantle. In the upper mantle, eclogite enhances the slab subduction into the transition zone; however, the presence of the metastable low?Fe eclogite would promote the slab stagnation within the upper range of the transition zone. Additionally, eclogite can explain positive density anomalies at depths of 100-200 km of the upper mantle of Asia identified by seismic observations.
DS201904-0804
2017
Zhang, D.Zhou, Z., Wang, G., Di, Y-J,m Gu, Y-C., Zhang, D., Zhu, W-p., Liu, C., Wu, C., Li, H., Chen, L.-z.Discovery of Mesoproterozoic kimberlite from Dorbed Benner, Inner Mongolia and its tectonic significance.Geochemistry International, doi:10.1002/gi.2939 14p.China, Mongoliadeposit - Longtou Shan

Abstract: Porphyritic olivine kimberlitic breccia, discovered in the Dörbed Banner of Inner Mongolia, Western China, is referred to as Longtou Shan Kimberlite in our study. This kimberlite occurs as a pipe in the Halahuogete Formation of Bayan Obo Group. Zircon U-Pb ages of Longtou Shan Kimberlite reveals a Mesoproterozoic age of ~1,552 Ma, constraining the deposition age of Halahuogete Formation to the Mesoproterozoic. Compared with Mesoproterozoic kimberlite of the ancient landmass, it can be inferred that the North China Craton is a member of the Ur ancient continent of the Columbia supercontinent. Furthermore, according to the tectonic background of the Bayan Obo Group, we raise this possibility that “Bayan Obo Aulacogen” should be renamed the “Bayan Obo Continental Rift.”
DS201907-1524
2019
Zhang, D.Anzolini, C., Wang, F., Harris, G.A., Locock, A.J., Zhang, D., Nestola, F., Peruzzo, L., Jacobsen, S.D., Pearson, D.G.Nixonite, Na2Ti6O13, a new mineral from a metasomatized mantle garnet pyroxenite from the western Rae Craton, Darby kimberlite field, Canada.American Mineralogist, in press available 26p.Canada, Nunavutdeposit - Darby

Abstract: Nixonite (IMA 2018-133), ideally Na2Ti6O13, is a new mineral found within a heavily-metasomatized pyroxenite xenolith from the Darby kimberlite field, beneath the west central Rae Craton, Canada. It occurs as microcrystalline aggregates, 15 to 40 ?m in length. Nixonite is isostructural with jeppeite, K2Ti6O13, with a structure consisting of edge- and corner-shared titanium-centered octahedra that enclose alkali-metal ions. The Mohs hardness is estimated to be between 5 and 6 by comparison to jeppeite and the calculated density is 3.51(1) g/cm3. Electron microprobe wavelength-dispersive spectroscopic analysis (average of 6 points) yielded: Na2O 6.87, K2O 5.67 CaO 0.57, TiO2 84.99, V2O3 0.31, Cr2O3 0.04, MnO 0.01, Fe2O3 0.26, SrO 0.07, total 98.79 wt%. The empirical formula, based on 13 O atoms, is: (Na1.24K0.67Ca0.06)?1.97(Ti5.96V0.023Fe0.018)?6.00O13 with minor amounts of Cr and Mn. Nixonite is monoclinic, space group C2/m, with unit-cell parameters a = 15.3632(26) Å, b = 3.7782(7) Å, c = 9.1266(15) Å, ? = 99.35(15)º and V = 522.72(1) Å3, Z = 2. Based on the average of seven integrated multi-grain diffraction images, the strongest diffraction lines are [dobs in Å (I in %) (h k l)]: 3.02 (100) (3 1 0) , 3.66 (75) (1 1 0), 7.57 (73) (2 0 0), 6.31 (68) (2 0 -1), 2.96 (63) (3 1 -1), 2.96 (63) (2 0 -3) and 2.71 (62) (4 0 2). The five main Raman peaks of nixonite, in order of decreasing intensity, are at: 863, 280, 664, 135 and 113 cm-1. Nixonite is named after Peter H. Nixon, a renowned scientist in the field of kimberlites and mantle xenoliths. Nixonite occurs within a pyroxenite xenolith in a kimberlite, in association with rutile, priderite, perovskite, freudenbergite and ilmenite. This complex Na-K-Ti rich metasomatic mineral assemblage may have been produced by a fractionated Na-rich kimberlitic melt that infiltrated a mantle-derived garnet pyroxenite and reacted with rutile during kimberlite crystallization.
DS201907-1588
2019
Zhang, D.Zhang, D., Liu, Y., Pan, J., Dai, T., Bayless, R.C.Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the Miaoya REE prospect, Qinling orogenic belt, China: insights from Sr-Nd-C-O isotopes and LA-ICP-MS mineral chemistry.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 110, 18p.Chinacarbonatites

Abstract: Most carbonatite-related REE (rare earth element) deposits record two stages of REE enrichment: magmatic and magmatic-hydrothermal. It is generally accepted that the first stage of enrichment, which occurs in magmas associated with carbonatite-syenite complexes, is a prerequisite to the formation of REE deposits. The magmatic-hydrothermal process is also important, as demonstrated by the fact that many fertile carbonatite-syenite complexes do not produce REE deposits. The Miaoya carbonatite-syenite complex is prospective for REE and is ideal for studies of the formation of REE deposits. The Miaoya REE prospect lies in the western member of the Wudan Terrane of the Qinling Belt, China, and is hosted by a carbonatite-syenite complex that was intruded along a fault zone between schist of the lower Silurian Meiziya Group and adjacent Proterozoic quartzite. Mineralization at the Miaoya REE prospect includes carbonatite-, syenite-, and mixed-type, all low grade (about 1%). Results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe micro-analyzer (EMPA) analyses reveal that modes of REE minerals are low in all samples (<5%), which is consistent with the fact that less monazite, bastnäsite and other REE minerals have been found in the Miaoya REE prospect. REE mineralization is less likely to occur as an overprint on gangue minerals. Results of Photon Laser Ablation Inductively-Coupled-Plasma Mass-Spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) analyses reveal that apatite and calcite in carbonatite have the highest REE concentrations which are responsible for the relatively high concentration in carbonatite rather than because of the presence of REE minerals. The consistence of Sr-Nd isotopes ratios between altered host rocks and fresh hosted rocks suggested REE mineralization originates directly from the unmineralized carbonatite-syenite complex rather than other host rocks. Carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of hydrothermal calcite are consistent with low-temperature alteration subsequent to ore. Trace element ratios for the Miaoya carbonatite-syenite complex lie in the barren carbonatite field (REEs vs. CaO/MgO, FeO/MgO, Ba and Sr/Ba) compared with those of other giant or large carbonatite-syenite complex related REE deposits, just below the boundary between fields for fertile and barren carbonatites. This suggests that the carbonatite-syenite complex at the Miaoya prospect did not have the potential to produce large or giant REE deposits. The low REE of the Miaoya prospect compared with other carbonatite-syenite hosted deposits may reflect: 1) as supported by petrography, minimal tectonic deformation in the area resulting in 2) restricted cycling of hydrothermal solutions that led to 3) minimal fluid scavenging from REE-rich apatite and calcite for local REE re-deposition and concentration.
DS201908-1825
2019
Zhang, D.Wenz, M.D., Jacobsen, S.D., Zhang, D., Regier, M., Bausch, H.J., Dera, P.K., Rivers, M., Eng, P., Shirey, S.B., Pearson, D.G.Fast identification of mineral inclusions in diamond at GSECARS using synchrotron X-ray microtomography, radiography and diffraction.Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 26, doi.org/10.1107 /S1600577519006854 6p. PdfMantlediamond inclusions

Abstract: Mineral inclusions in natural diamond are widely studied for the insight that they provide into the geochemistry and dynamics of the Earth's interior. A major challenge in achieving thorough yet high rates of analysis of mineral inclusions in diamond derives from the micrometre-scale of most inclusions, often requiring synchrotron radiation sources for diffraction. Centering microinclusions for diffraction with a highly focused synchrotron beam cannot be achieved optically because of the very high index of refraction of diamond. A fast, high-throughput method for identification of micromineral inclusions in diamond has been developed at the GeoSoilEnviro Center for Advanced Radiation Sources (GSECARS), Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA. Diamonds and their inclusions are imaged using synchrotron 3D computed X-ray microtomography on beamline 13-BM-D of GSECARS. The location of every inclusion is then pinpointed onto the coordinate system of the six-circle goniometer of the single-crystal diffractometer on beamline 13-BM-C. Because the bending magnet branch 13-BM is divided and delivered into 13-BM-C and 13-BM-D stations simultaneously, numerous diamonds can be examined during coordinated runs. The fast, high-throughput capability of the methodology is demonstrated by collecting 3D diffraction data on 53 diamond inclusions from Juína, Brazil, within a total of about 72 h of beam time.
DS201909-2093
2019
Zhang, D.Su, B., Chen, Y., Mao, Q., Zhang, D., Jia, L-H., Guo, S.Minor elements in olivine inspect the petrogenesis of orogenic peridotites. Dabie -SuluLithos, Vol. 344-345, pp. 207-216.ChinaUHP
DS202101-0023
2020
Zhang, D.Lou, W., Zhang, D., Bayless, R.C.Review of mineral recognition and its future. AI techniquesApplied Geochemistry, Vol. 122, 104727, 10p. PdfGlobalmineralogy

Abstract: Mineral identification is a basic skill in geological studies, and is useful for characterizing rocks and tracing diagenesis and mineralization processes. Traditional methods of observation under a microscope are subject to many complex factors such as the limitations of resolution and magnification, so they are poor in qualitative analysis, and inefficient. With the expansion of geological prospecting, it is necessary to provide information for all minerals, pores and trace elements in rocks. So, mineral identification has started to rely on advanced microbeam mineral analysis techniques. This paper summarizes the common mineral analysis techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Automated mineralogy (AM) systems. These microbeam technologies now approach a semi-automated analysis process, and most of these methods mainly detect the chemical composition of the mineral, rather than the mineral's optical characteristics which are the most basic properties of minerals. Therefore, this study proposes a method that can use mineral's optical features for automatic classification, mineral recognition based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and face recognition technology. The feasibility, research status and outlook of this method are also discussed. The proposed method uses convolution neural network technology to automatically extract the optical characteristics of minerals for mineral identification. Successful application of these techniques will have profound application value by reducing the cost and time needed to process and identify minerals.
DS202102-0203
2021
Zhang, D.Liu, Y., Huang, R., Wu, Ye, Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Wu, X.Thermal equation of state of phase egg ( AlSi03OH): implications for hydrous phases in the deep Earth.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 176, 8 doi.org/10.1007 /s00410-020- 01758-1 10p. PdfMantlesubduction
DS1975-1269
1979
Zhang, DEHOU.Zhang, DEHOU.The Ages of Kimberlites in China: a DiscussionGeological Review., Vol. 25, No. 1, PP. 36-38.ChinaGeochronology
DS1991-0675
1991
Zhang, F.Harris, J.W., Duncan, D.J., Zhang, F., Mia, Q., Zhu, Y.The physical characteristics and syngenetic inclusion geochemistry Of diamonds from Pipe 50, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of Chin a #1Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June, pp. 160-162ChinaDiamond morphology, Peridotite, Diamond inclusions
DS200712-1224
2006
Zhang, F.Zhang, F., Oganov, A.R.Valence state and spin transitions of iron in Earth's mantle silicates.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, In press availableMantleD layer, perovskites
DS202109-1475
2021
Zhang, F.Jiang, J., Muir, J.M.R., Zhang, F.Vibrational and thermodynamic properties of hydrous iron-bearing lowermost mantle minerals.MDPI Minerals, Vol. 11, 11080885 14p. PdfMantlebridgmanite

Abstract: The vibrational and thermodynamic properties of minerals are key to understanding the phase stability and the thermal structure of the Earth’s mantle. In this study, we modeled hydrous iron-bearing bridgmanite (Brg) and post-perovskite (PPv) with different [Fe3+-H] defect configurations using first-principles calculations combined with quasi-harmonic approximations (QHA). Fe3+-H configurations can be vibrationally stable in Brg and PPv; the site occupancy of this defect will strongly affect its thermodynamic properties and particularly its response to pressure. The presence of Fe3+-H introduces distinctive high-frequency vibrations to the crystal. The frequency of these peaks is configuration dependence. Of the two defect configurations, [Fe?Si+OH?] makes large effects on the thermodynamic properties of Brg and PPv, whereas [V??Mg+Fe?Mg+OH?] has negligible effects. With an expected lower mantle water concentrations of <1000 wt. ppm the effect of Fe3+-H clusters on properties such as heat capacity and thermal expansion is negligible, but the effect on the Grüneisen parameter ? can be significant (~1.2%). This may imply that even a small amount of water may affect the anharmonicity of Fe3+-bearing MgSiO3 in lower mantle conditions and that when calculating the adiabaticity of the mantle, water concentrations need to be considered.
DS201903-0517
2019
Zhang, F-F.Huang, D-L., Wanf, X-L., Xia, X-P., Wan, Y-S., Zhang, F-F., Li, J-Y., Du, D-H.Neoproterozoic low delta 180 zircons revisited: implications for Rodinia configuration.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 46, 2, pp. 678-688.Globalcraton

Abstract: Low??18O magma has received great attention and it has profound implications on geological and climate evolution. Neoproterozoic era is a unique period to breed low??18O magmas and snowball Earth. This manuscript first report Neoproterozoic moderately 18O?depleted zircons from the central part of the Cathaysia Block in South China, and it builds a four end?member Hf?O isotopic mixing model to explain the global low??18O magmas at Neoproterozoic era. Our compilation of low??18O zircon data and our new data confirms that globally Neoproterozoic 18O?depleted magmatic activities generally began after 800 Ma and reached a peak at 780-760 Ma. This provides new information on the rifting of Rodinia supercontinent and suggests close connections between northwest India, Madagascar, and South China in the Rodinia supercontinent. This manuscript deals with the hot?debated topics on oxygen isotopes and supercontinent cycle. We believe that this manuscript will attract international readers from a wide scope of geosciences.
DS2002-1568
2002
Zhang, G.Sun, W., Li, S., Sun, Y., Zhang, G., Li, Q.Mid-Paleozoic collision in the north Qinling: Sm Nd, Rb, Sr and 40 Ar 39Ar ages and their tectonic implications.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 21, 1, pp. 69-76.ChinaTectonics, geochronology
DS2002-1793
2002
Zhang, G.Zhou, X., Sun, M., Zhang, G., Chen, S.Continental crust and lithospheric mantle interaction beneath North China: isotopic evidence from granulite xenoliths in Hannuoba, Sino Korean Craton.Lithos, Vol.62,3-4,pp. 111-24.ChinaXenoliths - magma mixing
DS2003-0833
2003
Zhang, G.Liu, S., Heller, P.L., Zhang, G.Mesozoic basin development and tectonic evolution of the Dabie Shan orogenic beltTectonics, Vol. 22, 4, August, 10.1029/2002TC001390ChinaTectonics, UHP
DS200412-1160
2003
Zhang, G.Liu, S., Heller, P.L., Zhang, G.Mesozoic basin development and tectonic evolution of the Dabie Shan orogenic belt, central China.Tectonics, Vol. 22, 4, August, 10.1029/2002 TC001390ChinaTectonics UHP
DS200712-1194
2006
Zhang, G.Xu, C., Campbell, I.H., Allen, C.M., Huang, Z., Qi, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, G.Flat rare earth element patterns as an indicator of cumulate processes in the Lesser Qinlin carbonatites, China.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, In press availableChinaCarbonatite, REE geochemistry
DS200912-0437
2009
Zhang, G.Li, S., Kusky, T.M., Liu, X., Zhang, G., Zhao, G., Wang, L., Wang, Y.Two stage collision related extrusion of the western Dabie HP-UHP metamorphic terranes, centra China: evidence from quartz c-axis fabrics and structures.Gondwana Research, Vol. 18, 2, pp. 294-309.ChinaUHP
DS200912-0717
2009
Zhang, G.Song, S., Su, L., Niu, Y., Zhang, G., Zhang, L.Two types of peridotite in North Qaidam UHPM belt and their tectonic implications for oceanic and continental subduction: a review.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 35, 3-4, pp. 285-297.ChinaUHP
DS201112-1160
2011
Zhang, G.Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Van Roermund, H., Song, S., Zhang, G.Petrology and SHRIMP U-Pb dating of Xitieshan eclogite, North Quidam, UHP metamorphic belt, NW China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 32, 4, pp. 752-767.ChinaUHP
DS2002-1745
2002
Zhang, G.C.Xiao, W.J., Windley, B.F., Chen, H.L.,Zhang, G.C., LiCarboniferous Triassic subduction and accretion in the western Kunln: implications for collisional tectonics..Geology, Vol. 30,4,Apr.pp.295-8.China, TibetTectonics - accretionary
DS201809-1996
2018
Zhang, G.S.Bobrov, A.V., Tamarova, A.P., Sirotkina, E.A., Zhang, G.S., Irifune, T.Interphase partitioning of minor elements in the transition zone and uppermost lower mantle.Goldschmidt Conference, 1p. AbstractMantlediamond inclusions

Abstract: Interphase partitioning of minor elements was studied experimentally upon partial melting of model pyrolite [1] with addition of 2 wt % H2O, 10, and 15 wt % of multicomponent carbonate at 22-24 GPa and 1300-2200°C. The concentrations of minor elements were analyzed on an Agilent 7500a mass spectrometer. Phase associations included quenched melt (L), bridgmanite (Brd), CaSiO3- perovskite (CaPrv), ringwoodite (Rwd), ferropericlase (Fp), and majoritic garnet (Maj). The sequence of phase assemblages in our runs is consistent to that reported in [2] for melting of anhydrous pyrolite at 24 GPa: Fp+L, Fp+Maj+Brd(Rwd)+L, Fp+Maj+Brd(Rwd)+CaPrv. Most of minor elements, except for Sc, Cr, and Ni, are incompatible for Brd and show slight increase in partitioning coefficients from LREEs to HREEs in the H2O-bearing system. Pyrolite with carbonate is characterized by slightly higher LREE partitioning coefficients. Monovalent elements (Li, K, Cs, Rb), as well as Sr and Pb, are strongly incompatible for Brd in all systems. The similar features are observed for Fp enriched in HREEs and depleted in LREEs; all minor elements show redistribution into Fp with pressure. CaPrv is enriched in LREEs and depleted in HREEs. We applied the lattice strain model [3] for interpretation of the analytical data, which allowed us to study the behavior of minor elements as a function of P-T parameters. Our data and some previous results [4] were used for estimation of the composition of melts in equilibrium with inclusions in diamonds from the transition zone and lower mantle.
DS201502-0124
2014
Zhang, G.W.Wu, F.Y., Xu, Y., Zhu, X., Zhang, G.W.Thinning and destruction of the cratonic lithosphere: a global perspective.Science China Earth Sciences, Vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 2878-2890.China, GlobalPlume, subduction
DS2000-0652
2000
Zhang, G-W.Meng, Q-R, Zhang, G-W.Geologic framework and tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogen, central China.Tectonophysics, Vol. 323, No.3-4, Aug, pp.183-96.ChinaTectonics, Orogeny
DS2000-1046
2000
Zhang, H.Zhang, H., Menzies, M.A., Lu, F.Major and trace element studies on garnets Paleozoic kimberlite borne mantle xenoliths and megacrystsScience in China Series d: Earth Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 423-30.ChinaNorth China Craton, Garnet mineralogy
DS2001-1300
2001
Zhang, H.Zhang, H., Menzies, M.A., Gurney, J.J., Zhou, X.Cratonic peridotites and silica rich melts, diopside enstatite relationships in polymict xenoliths, KaapvaalGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 65, No. 19, pp. 3365-77.South AfricaGeochemistry - peridotites, Craton - Kaapvaal
DS2001-1315
2001
Zhang, H.Zhong, Z., Suo, S., You, Z., Zhang, H., Zhou, H.Major constituents of the Dabie collisional orogenic belt and partial melting in the ultrahigh pressure unitInternational Geology Review, Vol. 43, No. 3, March pp. 226-36.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), Tectonics
DS2002-1773
2002
Zhang, H.Zhang, H., Gao, S., Zhong, Z., Zhang, B., Zhang, L., Hu, S.Geochemical and Sr Nd Pb isotopic compositions of Cretaceous granitoids: constraintsChemical Geology, Vol. 186, 2-4, pp. 281-99.China, easternUHP, Dabie Shan area
DS200412-0320
2004
Zhang, H.Cheng, X., Zhang, H., Huang, Z., Liu, C., Qi, L., Wenbo, L., Guan, T.Genesis of carbonatite syenite complex and REE deposit at Maoniuping, Sichuan Province, China: evidence from Pb isotope geochemiGeochemical Journal, Vol. 38, pp. 67-76.ChinaCarbonatite
DS200412-2157
2004
Zhang, H.Xu, C., Zhang, H., Huang, Z., Liu, C., Qi, L.Li.W., Guan, T.Genesis of the carbonatite syenite complex and REE deposit at Maoniuping, Sichuan Province, China: evidence from Pb isotope geocGeochemical Journal, Vol. 38, pp. 67-76.China, SichuanGeochronology, carbonatite
DS200412-2182
2004
Zhang, H.Ying, J., Zhou, X., Zhang, H.Geochemical and isotopic investigation of the Laiwu-Zibo carbonatites from western Shandong Province, Chin a and implications forLithos, Vol. 75, 3-4, pp. 413-426.China, ShandongCarbonatite
DS200512-0836
2005
Zhang, H.Peng, P., Zhai, M., Zhang, H., Guo, J.Geochronological constraints on the Paleoproterozoic evolution of the North Chin a Craton: SHRIMP zircon ages of different types of mafic dikes.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 5, May, pp. 492-508.ChinaGeochronology
DS200512-1168
2005
Zhang, H.Wang, Y., Fan, W., Peng, T., Zhang, H., Gou, F.Nature of the Mesozoic lithospheric mantle and tectonic decoupling beneath the Dabie Orogen, central China. Evidence from 40Ar 39Ar geochronology, Sr/Nd, PbChemical Geology, Vol. 220, 3-4, pp. 165-189.Asia, ChinaGeochronology - early Cretaceous mafic igneous rocks
DS200612-1570
2006
Zhang, H.Ying, J., Zhang, H., Kita, N., Morishita, Y., Shimoda, G.Nature and evolution of Late Cretaceous lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern north Chin a craton: constraints from petrology and geochemistry from JunanEarth and Planetary Science Letters, in pressAsia, China, ShandongPeridotitic xenoliths
DS200612-1601
2006
Zhang, H.Zhao, Z., Gautheron, C., Farley, K., Zhang, H., Yu, X., Mo, X.Subcontinental lithospheric mantle origin of the Cenozoic kamafugite in western Qinling, China: evidence from helium isotopes in mantle derived xenoliths.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 16 abstract only.ChinaKamafugite, geochronology
DS200712-1194
2006
Zhang, H.Xu, C., Campbell, I.H., Allen, C.M., Huang, Z., Qi, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, G.Flat rare earth element patterns as an indicator of cumulate processes in the Lesser Qinlin carbonatites, China.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, In press availableChinaCarbonatite, REE geochemistry
DS200912-0758
2009
Zhang, H.Thurber, C., Zhang, H., Brocher, T., Langenheim, V.Regional three dimensional seismic velocity model of the crust and uppermost mantle of northern California.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, B01304.United States, CaliforniaGeophysics - seismics
DS200912-0809
2008
Zhang, H.Waychunas, G.A., Zhang, H.Structure, chemistry, and properties of mineral nanoparticles.Elements, Vol. 4, no. 6, December pp. 381-387.TechnologySize and glossary
DS200912-0864
2009
Zhang, H.Zhou, S., Zang, C., Ma, H., Li, X., Zhang, H., Jia, X.Study on growth of coarse grains of diamond with high quality under HPHT.Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 54, 1, pp. 163-167.TechnologyUHP
DS201012-0764
2010
Zhang, H.Su, B., Zhang, H., Tang, Y., Chisonga, B., Qin, K., Ying, J., Sakyi, P.A.Geochemical syntheses among the cratonic, off-cratonic and orogenic garnet peridotites and their tectonic implications.International Journal of Earth Sciences, In press available, 21p.MantlePeridotite, geochemistry
DS201012-0892
2010
Zhang, H.Zhao, X., Zhang, H., Zhu, X., Tang, S., Tang, Y.Iron isotope variations in spinel peridotite xenoliths from North Chin a craton: implications for mantle metasomatism.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 160, 1, pp. 1-14.ChinaXenoliths
DS201112-1015
2011
Zhang, H.Su, B., Zhang, H., Tang, Y., Chisonga, B., On, K., Ying, J., Sakyi, P.A.Geochemical syntheses among the cratonic, off cratonic and orogenic garnet peridotites and their tectonic implications.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 100, 4, pp.695-715.MantleCraton, kimberlites mentioned
DS201703-0439
2016
Zhang, H.Wang, H., Li, J., Zhang, H., Xu, L., Li, W.The absolute paleoposition of the North Chin a block during the middle Ordovician.Science China Earth Sciences, Vol. 59, 3, pp. 573-582.ChinaCraton, North China

Abstract: Present-day hot spots and Phanerozoic large igneous provinces (LIPs) and kimberlites mainly occur at the edges of the projections of Large Low Shear Wave Velocity Provinces (LLSVPs) on the earth’s surface. If a plate contains accurately dated LIPs or kimberlites, it is possible to obtain the absolute paleoposition of the plate from the LIP/kimberlite and paleomagnetic data. The presence of Middle Ordovician kimberlites in the North China Block provides an opportunity to determine the absolute paleoposition of the block during the Middle Ordovician. In addition to paleobiogeographical information and the results of previous work on global plate reconstruction for the Ordovician Period, we selected published paleomagnetic data for the North China Block during the Middle Ordovician and determined the most reasonable absolute paleoposition of the North China Block during the Middle Ordovician: paleolatitude of approximately 16.6°S to 19.1°S and paleolongitude of approximately 10°W. The block was located between the Siberian Plate and Gondwana, close to the Siberian Plate. During the Cambrian and Ordovician periods, the North China Block may have moved toward the Siberian Plate and away from the Australian Plate.
DS201711-2537
2017
Zhang, H.Zhu, R., Zhang, H., Zhu, G., Meng, H., Fan, H., Yang, J., Wu, F., Zhang, Z.Craton destruction and related resources.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 106, 7, pp. 2233-2257.Chinacraton

Abstract: Craton destruction is a dynamic event that plays an important role in Earth’s evolution. Based on comprehensive observations of many studies on the North China Craton (NCC) and correlations with the evolution histories of other cratons around the world, craton destruction has be defined as a geological process that results in the total loss of craton stability due to changes in the physical and chemical properties of the involved craton. The mechanisms responsible for craton destruction would be as the follows: (1) oceanic plate subduction; (2) rollback and retreat of a subducting oceanic plate; (3) stagnation and dehydration of a subducting plate in the mantle transition zone; (4) melting of the mantle above the mantle transition zone caused by dehydration of a stagnant slab; (5) non-steady flow in the upper mantle induced by melting, and/or (6) changes in the nature of the lithospheric mantle and consequent craton destruction caused by non-steady flow. Oceanic plate subduction itself does not result in craton destruction. For the NCC, it is documented that westward subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate should have initiated at the transition from the Middle-to-Late Jurassic, and resulted in the change of tectonic regime of eastern China. We propose that subduction, rollback and retreat of oceanic plates and dehydration of stagnant slabs are the main dynamic factors responsible for both craton destruction and concentration of mineral deposits, such as gold, in the overriding continental plate. Based on global distribution of gold deposits, we suggest that convergent plate margins are the most important setting for large gold concentrations. Therefore, decratonic gold deposits appear to occur preferentially in regions with oceanic subduction and overlying continental lithospheric destruction/modification/growth.
DS201809-2109
2018
Zhang, H.Walter, M.J., Drewitt, J.W.E., Thomson, A.R., Zhang, H., Lord, O.T., Heinen, B.The fate of carbonate in oceanic crust subducted into Earth's mantle.Goldschmidt Conference, 1p. AbstractMantlesubduction

Abstract: The H/C ratio in earth’s exosphere is higher than it is in the source region of primitive basalts, suggesting an enriched carbon reservoir in the mantle[1]. A plausible explanation is that subduction of carbon may have enriched the mantle in recycled carbon over time. Average basaltic crust contains ~ 2 wt.% CO2 [2], and modeling of slab devolatilisation suggests that subducted carbonate may survive to be transported deeper into the mantle [3]. Carbonated oceanic crust should melt in the transition zone along most subduction geotherms due to a deep trough in the carbonated basalt solidus, and mineral inclusions in superdeep diamonds testify to carbonate melt in their formation [4]. Along cool subduction geotherms carbonate may subduct into the lower mantle, potentially enriching the deep mantle in carbon. Here we report on laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments in the CaO-MgO-SiO2-CO2 and FeO-MgO-SiO2-CO2 systems at lower mantle pressures where we investigate the stability of carbonate in oceanic crust, and test for decarbonation and diamond forming reactions involving carbonate and coexisiting free silica. We find that carbonate reacts with silica to form bridgmanite ± Ca-perovskite + CO2 at pressures in the range of ~50 to 70 GPa. These decarbonation reactions form an impenetrable barrier to subduction of carbonate into the deeper lower mantle, however, slabs may carry solid CO2 (Phase V) into the deeper lower mantle. We also identify reactions where carbonate or CO2 dissociate to form diamond plus oxygen. We suggest that the deep lower mantle may become enriched in carbon in the form of diamond over time due to subduction of carbonate and solid CO2 and its eventual dissociation to form diamond plus oxygen. Release of oxygen during diamond formation may also provide a mechanism for locally oxidizing the deep mantle.
DS201903-0503
2019
Zhang, H.Drewitt, J.W.E., Walter, M.J., Zhang, H., McMahon, S.C., Edwards, D., Heinen, B.J., Lord, O.T., Anzellini, S., Kleppe, A.K.The fate of carbonate in oceanic crust subducted into Earth's lower mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 511, pp. 213-222.MantleBridgemanite

Abstract: We report on laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LHDAC) experiments in the FeO-MgO-SiO2-CO2 (FMSC) and CaO-MgO-SiO2-CO2 (CMSC) systems at lower mantle pressures designed to test for decarbonation and diamond forming reactions. Sub-solidus phase relations based on synthesis experiments are reported in the pressure range of ?35 to 90 GPa at temperatures of ?1600 to 2200 K. Ternary bulk compositions comprised of mixtures of carbonate and silica are constructed such that decarbonation reactions produce non-ternary phases (e.g. bridgmanite, Ca-perovskite, diamond, CO2-V), and synchrotron X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman spectroscopy are used to identify the appearance of reaction products. We find that carbonate phases in these two systems react with silica to form bridgmanite ±Ca-perovskite + CO2 at pressures in the range of ?40 to 70 GPa and 1600 to 1900 K in decarbonation reactions with negative Clapeyron slopes. Our results show that decarbonation reactions form an impenetrable barrier to subduction of carbonate in oceanic crust to depths in the mantle greater than ?1500 km. We also identify carbonate and CO2-V dissociation reactions that form diamond plus oxygen. On the basis of the observed decarbonation reactions we predict that the ultimate fate of carbonate in oceanic crust subducted into the deep lower mantle is in the form of refractory diamond in the deepest lower mantle along a slab geotherm and throughout the lower mantle along a mantle geotherm. Diamond produced in oceanic crust by subsolidus decarbonation is refractory and immobile and can be stored at the base of the mantle over long timescales, potentially returning to the surface in OIB magmas associated with deep mantle plumes.
DS202003-0362
2020
Zhang, H.Sha, X., Yue, W., Zhang, H., Qin, W., She, D., Wang, C.Thermal stability of polycrystalline diamond compact sintered with boron coated diamond particles.Diamond & Related Materials, in press available, 34p. PdfGlobalboron

Abstract: The polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC), which consists of a polycrystalline diamond layer on a tungsten carbide (WC)/cobalt (Co) substrate, is extensively utilized as drilling bits. However, the poor thermal stability due to the graphitization and oxygen susceptibility of diamond severely limits the application of PDCs to high-temperature drilling work. In this study, a new PDC with improved thermal stability is successfully synthesized with boron (B)-coated diamond particles, which forms a uniform boron carbide (B4C) barrier. The as-received B4C phase acts as a protective barrier, which enhances the initial graphitization and oxidizing temperatures to 800 °C and 780 °C, respectively, which are ~100 °C and ~30 °C higher than those (700 °C and 750 °C) of the PDC sintered with uncoated diamond particles. The B4C barrier protects diamond grains from direct contact with the Co phase, prohibiting the cobalt-catalytic graphitization. In addition, the oxidation of the B4C barrier occurs prior to that of the diamond grains, which inhibits the PDC from oxidation.
DS202102-0230
2021
Zhang, H.Wang, W., Zhang, H., Brodholt, J.P., Wu, Z.Elasticity of hydrous ringwoodite at mantle conditions: implications: implication for water distribution in the lower mantle transition zone.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 554, doi:10.1016/ j.epsl.2020. 116626 12p. PdfMantlewater

Abstract: The mantle transition zone (MTZ) is potentially a geochemical water reservoir because of the high H2O solubility in its dominant minerals, wadsleyite and ringwoodite. Whether the MTZ is wet or dry fundamentally impacts our understanding of the deep-water distribution, geochemical recycling, and the pattern of mantle convection. However, the water content in the MTZ inferred from previous studies remains disputed. Seismic observations such as velocity anomalies were used to evaluate the water content in the MTZ, but the hydration effect on the velocities of MTZ minerals under appropriate pressure (P) and temperature (T) conditions is poorly constrained. Here we investigated the elastic properties and velocities of hydrous ringwoodite at high P-T conditions using first-principles calculations. Our results show that the hydration effects on elastic moduli and velocities of ringwoodite are significantly reduced by pressure but strongly enhanced by temperature. The incorporation of 1.0 wt% water into ringwoodite decreases the compressional and shear velocities of the pyrolitic mantle by ?1.0% and ?1.4% at the conditions of MTZ, respectively. Using results from seismic tomography and together with the topography of the 660-km discontinuity, we evaluate the global distribution of water in the lower MTZ. We find that about 80% of the MTZ can be explained by varying water content and temperature, however, the remaining 20% requires the presence of high-velocity heterogeneities such as harzburgite. Our models suggest an average water concentration of ?0.2 wt% in the lower MTZ, with an interregional variation from 0 to 0.9 wt%. Together with our previous work, we conclude that the water concentration in the MTZ likely decreases with depth globally and the whole MTZ contains the equivalent of about one ocean mass of water.
DS2000-0281
2000
Zhang, H.F.Fan, W.M., Zhang, H.F., Menzies, M.A.On and off the North Chin a Craton: where is the Archean keel?Journal of Petrology, Vol. 41, No. 7, July pp. 933-50.ChinaCraton - keel, Tectonics, mobile belts
DS2001-1301
2001
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Menzies, M.A., Mattey, Hinton, GurneyPetrology, mineralogy and geochemistry of oxide minerals in polymict xenoliths from Bultfontein...Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 141, No. 3, June, pp. 367-79.South AfricaGeochronology - low bulk rock oxygen ratios, Deposit - Bultfontein
DS2001-1302
2001
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Lu, Zhou, Zhou, Liu, ZhangGeochemical significance of a garnet lherzolite from the Dahongshan kimberlite Yangtze Craton.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 315-32.China, SouthernGeochemistry, Deposit - Dahongshan
DS2002-1774
2002
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M.Geochemistry of Mesozoic basalts and mafic dikes, southeastern North Chin a Craton and tectonic implications.International Geology Review, Vol. 44, 4, pp. 370-82.ChinaDikes, Tectonics
DS2002-1775
2002
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X-H., Fan, W-M., Zhai, M-G.Mesozoic lithosphere destruction beneath the North Chin a Craton:Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 143, 5, pp.ChinaTectonics - subduction
DS2003-1544
2003
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Menzies, M.A., Mattey, D.Mixed mantle provenance diverse garnet compositions in polymict peridotitesEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 3, pp. 329-46.South AfricaGeochemistry
DS2003-1545
2003
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X.H., Zjou, M.F., Fan, W.M., Zheng, J.P.Secular evolution of the lithosphere beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: evidenceGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, 22, pp. 4373-87.ChinaGeochronology, eclogites
DS200412-2202
2003
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Menzies, M.A., Mattey, D.Mixed mantle provenance diverse garnet compositions in polymict peridotites, Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 3, pp. 329-46.Africa, South AfricaGeochemistry
DS200412-2203
2003
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X.H., Zjou, M.F., Fan, W.M., Zheng, J.P.Secular evolution of the lithosphere beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: evidence from Mesozoic basalts and high Mg andesiteGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, 22, pp. 4373-87.ChinaGeochronology, eclogites
DS200512-1241
2005
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X.H., Ying, J.F.Geochemical constraints on the origin of Mesozoic alkaline intrusive complexes from the North Chin a Craton and tectonic implications.Lithos, Vol. 81, 1-4, pp. 297-317.ChinaGeochemistry
DS200712-1239
2007
Zhang, H.F.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yu, C.M., Zhang, H.F., Pearson, N., Zhang, M.Mechanism and timing of lithospheric modification and replacement beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: peridotitic xenoliths from the 100 Ma Fuxin basaltsGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, In press, availableChinaXenoliths
DS200712-1240
2007
Zhang, H.F.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yu, C.M., Zhang, H.F., Pearson, N., Zhang, M.Mechanism and timing of lithospheric modification and replacement beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: peridotitic xenoliths from the 100 Ma Fuxin basalts...Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, 21, pp. 5303-5225.ChinaXenoliths - regional synthesis
DS200812-1150
2008
Zhang, H.F.Tang, Y.J., Zhang, H.F., Yong, J.F., Zhang, J., Liu, X.M.Refertilization of ancient lithosphere mantle beneath the central North Chin a craton: evidence from petrology and geochemistry of peridotite xenoliths.Lithos, Vol. 101, 3-4, pp. 435-452.ChinaGeochemistry
DS200912-0852
2009
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F., Goldstein, S.L., Zhou, X.H., Sun, M., Cai, Y.Comprehensive refertilization of lithospheric mantle beneath the North Chin a Craton: further Os Sr Nd isotopic constraints.Journal of the Geological Society, Vol. 166, 2, pp. 249-260.ChinaGeochronology
DS201012-0887
2009
Zhang, H.F.Zhang, H.F.Peridotite melt interaction: a key point for the destruction of cratonic lithospheric mantle.Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 54, 19, Oct. pp. 3417-3437.MantleMelting
DS201012-0894
2010
Zhang, H.F.Zhong, J.P., Griffin, W.L., Sun, M., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, H.F., Zhou, J., Xiao, L., Tang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.Tectonic affinity of the west Qingling terrane ( central Chin a): North Chin a or Yangtze?Tectonics, Vol. 29, 2, TC2009ChinaTectonics
DS201807-1491
2018
Zhang, H.L.Garber, J.M., Maurya, S., Hernandez, J-A., Duncan, M.S., Zeng, Li., Zhang, H.L., Faul, U., McCammon, C., Montagner, J-P., Moresi, L., Romanowicz, B.A., Rudnick, R.L., Stixrude, L.Multidisciplinary constraints on the abundance of diamond and eclogite in the cratonic lithosphere. Mentions Jericho and Roberts VictorGeochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GCC007534Globalthermobarometry

Abstract: Some seismic models derived from tomographic studies indicate elevated shear?wave velocities (?4.7 km/s) around 120?150 km depth in cratonic lithospheric mantle. These velocities are higher than those of cratonic peridotites, even assuming a cold cratonic geotherm (i.e., 35 mW/m2 surface heat flux) and accounting for compositional heterogeneity in cratonic peridotite xenoliths and the effects of anelasticity. We reviewed various geophysical and petrologic constraints on the nature of cratonic roots (seismic velocities, lithology/mineralogy, electrical conductivity, and gravity) and explored a range of permissible rock and mineral assemblages that can explain the high seismic velocities. These constraints suggest that diamond and eclogite are the most likely high?Vs candidates to explain the observed velocities, but matching the high shear?wave velocities requires either a large proportion of eclogite (>50 vol.%) or the presence of up to 3 vol.% diamond, with the exact values depending on peridotite and eclogite compositions and the geotherm. Both of these estimates are higher than predicted by observations made on natural samples from kimberlites. However, a combination of ?20 vol.% eclogite and ~2 vol.% diamond may account for high shear?wave velocities, in proportions consistent with multiple geophysical observables, data from natural samples, and within mass balance constraints for global carbon. Our results further show that cratonic thermal structure need not be significantly cooler than determined from xenolith thermobarometry.
DS201808-1745
2018
Zhang, H.L.Garber, J.M., Maurya, S., Hernandez, J-A., Duncan, M.S., Zeng, L., Zhang, H.L., Faul, U., McCammon, C., Montagner, J-P., Moresi, L., Romanowicz, B.A., Rudnick, R.L., Stixrude, L.Multidisciplinary constraints on the abundance of diamond and eclogite in the cratonic lithosphere.G3 Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, http:/orchid.org/0000-0001-5313-0982Mantleeclogite
DS201809-2024
2018
Zhang, H.L.Garber, J.M., Maurya, S., Hernandez, J.A., Duncan, M.S., Zeng, L., Zhang, H.L.Multidisciplanary constraints on the abundance of diamond and eclogite in the cratonic lithosphere.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 19, 7, pp. 2062-2086. doi.org/10/1029/ 2018GC007534Mantlegeophysics - seismics

Abstract: Some seismic models derived from tomographic studies indicate elevated shear?wave velocities (?4.7 km/s) around 120-150 km depth in cratonic lithospheric mantle. These velocities are higher than those of cratonic peridotites, even assuming a cold cratonic geotherm (i.e., 35 mW/m2 surface heat flux) and accounting for compositional heterogeneity in cratonic peridotite xenoliths and the effects of anelasticity. We reviewed various geophysical and petrologic constraints on the nature of cratonic roots (seismic velocities, lithology/mineralogy, electrical conductivity, and gravity) and explored a range of permissible rock and mineral assemblages that can explain the high seismic velocities. These constraints suggest that diamond and eclogite are the most likely high?Vs candidates to explain the observed velocities, but matching the high shear?wave velocities requires either a large proportion of eclogite (>50 vol.%) or the presence of up to 3 vol.% diamond, with the exact values depending on peridotite and eclogite compositions and the geotherm. Both of these estimates are higher than predicted by observations made on natural samples from kimberlites. However, a combination of ?20 vol.% eclogite and ~2 vol.% diamond may account for high shear?wave velocities, in proportions consistent with multiple geophysical observables, data from natural samples, and within mass balance constraints for global carbon. Our results further show that cratonic thermal structure need not be significantly cooler than determined from xenolith thermobarometry.
DS201810-2392
2018
Zhang, H.L.Zhang, S.Y., Zhang, H.L., Hou, Z., Ionov, D.A., Huang, F.Rapid determination of trace element compositions in peridotites by LA-ICP-MS using an albite fusion method.Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, doi:10.111/ggr.12240Globalperidotite

Abstract: A rapid sample preparation procedure is described to determine trace element compositions of peridotites using LA?ICP?MS. Peridotite powders were fused with albite in a molybdenum?graphite assembly to obtain homogeneous glasses. Best conditions for the fusion procedure (heating at 1500 to 1550 °C for 10 to 15 min with a sample?to?flux ratio of 1:2) were constrained with melting experiments on two USGS reference materials, PCC?1 and DTS?2B. Mass fractions of first series transition elements, Ba and Pb in quenched glasses of PCC?1 and DTS?2B are consistent with published data within 10% RSD. Three spinel peridotite xenoliths from eastern China were analysed following both our method and conventional solution ICP?MS. Compared with solution ICP?MS, the relative deviations of our method for most elements were within 10%, while for the REE, Ta, Pb, Th and U, were within 20%. In particular, volatile elements (e.g., Pb and Zn) are retained in the glass. Compared with conventional wet chemistry digestion, our method is faster. Additional advantages are complete sample fusion, especially useful for samples with acid?resistant minerals (spinel, rutile), and long?term conservation of glasses allowing unlimited repeated measurements with micro?beam techniques. The same approach can be used for analyses of other mantle rocks, such as eclogites and pyroxenites.
DS202009-1628
2018
Zhang, H.L.Garber, J.M., Maurya, S., Hernandez, J.A., Duncan, M.S., Zeng, L., Zhang, H.L.Multidisciplenary constraints on the abundance of diamond and eclogite in the cratonic lithosphere.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 19: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007534Mantleeclogite

Abstract: Some seismic models derived from tomographic studies indicate elevated shear?wave velocities (?4.7 km/s) around 120-150 km depth in cratonic lithospheric mantle. These velocities are higher than those of cratonic peridotites, even assuming a cold cratonic geotherm (i.e., 35 mW/m2 surface heat flux) and accounting for compositional heterogeneity in cratonic peridotite xenoliths and the effects of anelasticity. We reviewed various geophysical and petrologic constraints on the nature of cratonic roots (seismic velocities, lithology/mineralogy, electrical conductivity, and gravity) and explored a range of permissible rock and mineral assemblages that can explain the high seismic velocities. These constraints suggest that diamond and eclogite are the most likely high?Vs candidates to explain the observed velocities, but matching the high shear?wave velocities requires either a large proportion of eclogite (>50 vol.%) or the presence of up to 3 vol.% diamond, with the exact values depending on peridotite and eclogite compositions and the geotherm. Both of these estimates are higher than predicted by observations made on natural samples from kimberlites. However, a combination of ?20 vol.% eclogite and ~2 vol.% diamond may account for high shear?wave velocities, in proportions consistent with multiple geophysical observables, data from natural samples, and within mass balance constraints for global carbon. Our results further show that cratonic thermal structure need not be significantly cooler than determined from xenolith thermobarometry.
DS200712-1067
2007
Zhang, H-F.Tang, Y-J., Zhang, H-F., Nakamura, E., Moriguti, T., Kobayashi, K., Ying, J-F.Lithium isotopic systematics of peridotite xenoliths from Hannuoba, North Chin a Craton: implications for melt rock interaction in considerably thinned mantle lithospheric mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, 17, Sept. 1, pp. 4327-4341.ChinaGeochronology
DS200712-1184
2007
Zhang, H-F.Wu, Y-B., Gao, S., Zhang, H-F., Wang, S-H., Jiao, W-F., Liu, Y-S, Yuan, H-L.Timing of UHP metamorphism in the Hongan area, western Dabie Mountains China: evidence from zircon Pb age, trace element and Hf isotope composition.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 155, 1, pp. 123-133.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1225
2007
Zhang, H-F.Zhang, H-F., Nakamura, E., Sun, M., Kobayashi,K., Zhang, J., Yang, J-F., Tang, Y-J.Transformation of subcontinental lithospheric mantle through peridotite melt reaction: evidence from a highly fertile mantle xenolith from the North Chin a Craton.International Geology Review, Vol. 49, 7, July pp. 658-679.ChinaMelting
DS200812-1136
2008
Zhang, H-F.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Ying, J-F., Xiao, Y., Zhao, X-M.Nature and processes of the lithospheric mantle beneath the western Qinling: evidence from deformed peridotitic xenoliths in Cenozoic kamafugite from Haoiti, Gansu ProJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 34, 3, pp. 258-274.ChinaKamafugite
DS200812-1310
2008
Zhang, H-F.Zhang, H-F., Goldstein, S.L., Zhou, X-H., Sun, M., Zheng, J-P., Cai, Y.Evolution of subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath eastern China: Re-Os isotopic evidence from mantle xenoliths in Paleozoic kimberlites and Mesozoic basaltsContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 155, pp. 271-293.ChinaGeochronology
DS200912-0738
2009
Zhang, H-F.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Ying, J-F., Xiao, Y., Zhao, X-M.Nature and processes of the lithospheric mantle beneath the western Qinling: evidence from deformed peridotitic xenoliths in Cenozoic kamafugite from Haoti Province.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 34, pp. 258-274.ChinaKamafugite
DS200912-0833
2009
Zhang, H-F.Yang, W., Teng, F-Z., Zhang, H-F.Chondritic magnesium isotopic composition of the terrestrial mantle: a case study of peridotite xenoliths from the North Chin a craton.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 288, 3-4, pp. 475-481.ChinaGeochronology
DS201012-0765
2010
Zhang, H-F.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Sakyi, P.A., Yang, Y-H., Ying, J-F., Tang, Y-J., Qin, K-Z., Xiao, Y., Zhao, Mao, MaThe origin of spongy texture in minerals of mantle xenoliths from the western Qinling, central China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, in press available, 18p.ChinaXenoliths
DS201012-0766
2010
Zhang, H-F.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Sakyi, P.A., Ying, J-F., Tang, Y-J., Yang, Y-H., Qin, K-Z., Xiao, Y., Zhao, X-M.Compositionally stratified lithosphere and carbonatite metasomatism recorded in mantle xenoliths from the Western Qinling (Central China).Lithos, Vol. 116, pp. 111-128.ChinaCarbonatite
DS201012-0888
2010
Zhang, H-F.Zhang, H-F., Nakamura, E., Kobayashi, K., Ying, J-F., Tang, Y-J.Recycled crustal melt injection into lithospheric mantle: implication from cumulative composite and pyroxenite xenoliths.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 99, pp. 1167-1186.ChinaNorth China craton
DS201012-0889
2010
Zhang, H-F.Zhang, H-F., Zhou, M-F., Sun, M., Zhou, X-H.The origin of Mengyin and Fuxian Diamondiferous kimberlites from the North Chin a craton: implications for Paleozoic subducted oceanic slab mantle interactJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 37, 5-6, pp. 425-437.ChinaDeposit genesis
DS201112-1027
2011
Zhang, H-F.Tang, Y-J., Zhang, H-F., Nakamura, E., Ying, J-F.Multistage melt fluid peridotite interactions in the refertilized lithospheric mantle beneath the North Chin a craton: constrains from the Li Sr Nd isotopicContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 161, 6, pp.MantlePeridotitic xenoliths
DS201212-0716
2013
Zhang, H-F.Tang, Y-L., Zhang, H-F., Ying, J-F., Su, B-X., Chu, Z.Y., Xiao, Y., Zhao, X-M.Highly heterogeneous lithospheric mantle beneath the Central Zone of the North Chin a Craton evolved from Archean mantle through diverse melt refertilization.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 130-140.ChinaMelting
DS201212-0812
2012
Zhang, H-F.Zhang, H-F., Yang,Y-H., Santosh, M., Zhao, X-M., Ying, J-F., Xiao, Y.Evolution of the Archean and Paleoproterozoic lower crust beneath the Trans-North Chin a Orogen and the western block of the north Chin a craton.Gondwana Research, Vol. 22, 1, pp. 73-85.ChinaGeochronology, tectonics, cratons
DS201212-0813
2013
Zhang, H-F.Zhang, H-F.,Zhu, R-X., Ying, J-F., Hu, Y.Episodic Wide spread magma underplating beneath the North Chin a craton in the Phanerozoic: implications for craton destruction.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 95-107.ChinaGeothermometry
DS201212-0815
2012
Zhang, H-F.Zhang, P.-F., Tang, Y-J., Hu, Y., Zhang, H-F., Su, B-X., Xiao, Y., Santosh, M.Review of melting experiments on carbonated eclogite and peridotite: insights into mantle metasomatism.International Geology Review, in press availableMantleMetasomatism
DS201212-0816
2012
Zhang, H-F.Zhang, P=F., Tang, Y-J., Hu, Y., Zhang, H-F., Su, B-X., Xiao, Y., Santosh, M.Review of melting experiments on carbonated eclogite and peridotite: insights into mantle metasomatism.International Geology Review, In press availableMantleMetasmatism
DS201212-0824
2013
Zhang, H-F.Zhao, X-M., Zhang, H-F., Su, F., Lo, C-H., Yang, S-H., Guo, J-H.Phlogopite 40 Ar/39 Ar geochronology of mantle xenoliths from the North Chin a craton: constraints on the eruption ages of of Cenozoic basalts.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 208-219.ChinaGeochronology
DS201312-0890
2012
Zhang, H-F.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Ying, Y-J., Hu, Y., Santosh, M.Metasomatized lithospheric mantle beneath the western Qinling, central China: insight into carbonatite melts in the mantle.Journal of Geology, Vol. 120, 6, pp. 671-681.ChinaCarbonatite
DS201312-0900
2013
Zhang, H-F.Tang, J-L., Zhang, H-F., Ying, J-F., Su, B-X.Wide spread fertilization of cratonic and circum-cratonic lithospheric mantle.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. pp. 45-68.MantleSubduction
DS201412-0889
2014
Zhang, H-F.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Deloule, E., Vigier, N., Hu, Y., Tang, H-J., Xiao, Y., Sakyi, P.A.Distinguishing silicate and carbonatite mantle metasomatism by using lithium and its isotopes.Chemical Geology, Vol. 381, pp. 67-77.ChinaXenoliths - Hannuoba
DS201603-0432
2016
Zhang, H-F.Yang, W., Teng, F-Z., Li, W-Y., Liu, S-A., Ke, S., Liu, Y-S., Zhang, H-F., Gao, S.Magnesium isotopic composition of the deep continental crust.American Mineralogist, Vol. 101, pp. 243-252.MantleMineralogy
DS201907-1553
2019
Zhang, H-F.Jing, J-J., Su, B-X., Xiao, Y., Zhang, H-F., Uysal, I., Chen, C., Lin, W., Chu, Y., Saka, S.Reactive origin of mantle harzburgite: evidence from orthopyroxene-spinel association.Lithos, Vol. 342-343, pp. 175-186.Europe, Turkeymelting

Abstract: Harzburgites with high modal orthopyroxene (generally >23?vol%) in Archean craton, mantle wedge and oceanic lithospheric mantle are considered to be produced by the interaction between Si-rich liquids and rocks. However, the absence of samples from continental margin hinders the recognition whether this process is prevalent. Mantle xenoliths entrained in Miocene basalts from the Thrace Basin, the margin of Eurasian continent, are dominated by harzburgites with anomalously high orthopyroxene modes. These orthopyroxene grains closely associate with spinel and occasionally with clinopyroxene. In these orthopyroxene-spinel associations, orthopyroxene grains can be up to 1?cm in diameter and display high Al2O3 contents (1.41-4.61?wt%) and Mg# values (89.6-92.4), while spinel crystals are anhedral and bud-shaped and are commonly foliated, with a wide variation in Cr# values ranging from 7.8 to 52.7. The Fe2+/Fe3+ vs. TiO2 diagram shows lots of these spinels are “magmatic” (i.e. spinel crystallized from melts). The orthopyroxene grains have LREE diverging from the modelled melting trends, indicating possible metasomatism following partial melting. They are present in elongated shape, cutting across olivine grains and also replacing olivine as surrounding rims. Fine-grained olivine is occasionally enclosed in the orthopyroxene-spinel association. We, therefore, propose that the association of orthopyroxene and spinel developed from the melt/fluid-rock interaction. These features indicate mineral phase transformation from olivine to orthopyroxene, which can be expressed by the equation: ‘Mg2SiO4 (Ol)?+?SiO2?=?Mg2Si2O6 (Opx)’. The observed Al-rich rim of spinel and bud-shaped Al-spinel, suggest sufficient amount of Al in the Si-rich liquids. The mechanism involved here is the consumption of olivine to produce orthopyroxene and spinel as in the equation: ‘Mg2SiO4 (Ol)?+?Al2O3?=?MgSiO3 (Opx)?+?MgAl2O4 (Sp)’. The Si and Al were enriched in the percolating liquids. Both the high-Cr# and low-Cr# spinels with ‘magmatic’ features imply the percolating liquids were multi-staged or inhomogeneous Cr contents in the liquids. This melt/fluid-rock interaction may account for the formation of abundant harzburgites with high orthopyroxene modes in the Eurasian continental margin. Thus, it indicates the reacting harzburgites are prevalent in the lithospheric mantle beneath oceanic crust, Archean craton and mantle wedge, as well as in the continental margin.
DS201909-2051
2019
Zhang, H-F.Jing, J-J., Su, B-X., Xiao, Y., Zhang, H-F., Uysal, I., Chen, C., Lin, W., Chu, Y., Saka, S.Reactive origin of mantle harzburgite: evidence from orthopyroxene-spinel association.Lithos, Vol. 342-343, pp. 175-186.Mantleharzburgite

Abstract: Harzburgites with high modal orthopyroxene (generally >23?vol%) in Archean craton, mantle wedge and oceanic lithospheric mantle are considered to be produced by the interaction between Si-rich liquids and rocks. However, the absence of samples from continental margin hinders the recognition whether this process is prevalent. Mantle xenoliths entrained in Miocene basalts from the Thrace Basin, the margin of Eurasian continent, are dominated by harzburgites with anomalously high orthopyroxene modes. These orthopyroxene grains closely associate with spinel and occasionally with clinopyroxene. In these orthopyroxene-spinel associations, orthopyroxene grains can be up to 1?cm in diameter and display high Al2O3 contents (1.41-4.61?wt%) and Mg# values (89.6-92.4), while spinel crystals are anhedral and bud-shaped and are commonly foliated, with a wide variation in Cr# values ranging from 7.8 to 52.7. The Fe2+/Fe3+ vs. TiO2 diagram shows lots of these spinels are “magmatic” (i.e. spinel crystallized from melts). The orthopyroxene grains have LREE diverging from the modelled melting trends, indicating possible metasomatism following partial melting. They are present in elongated shape, cutting across olivine grains and also replacing olivine as surrounding rims. Fine-grained olivine is occasionally enclosed in the orthopyroxene-spinel association. We, therefore, propose that the association of orthopyroxene and spinel developed from the melt/fluid-rock interaction. These features indicate mineral phase transformation from olivine to orthopyroxene, which can be expressed by the equation: ‘Mg2SiO4 (Ol)?+?SiO2?=?Mg2Si2O6 (Opx)’. The observed Al-rich rim of spinel and bud-shaped Al-spinel, suggest sufficient amount of Al in the Si-rich liquids. The mechanism involved here is the consumption of olivine to produce orthopyroxene and spinel as in the equation: ‘Mg2SiO4 (Ol)?+?Al2O3?=?MgSiO3 (Opx)?+?MgAl2O4 (Sp)’. The Si and Al were enriched in the percolating liquids. Both the high-Cr# and low-Cr# spinels with ‘magmatic’ features imply the percolating liquids were multi-staged or inhomogeneous Cr contents in the liquids. This melt/fluid-rock interaction may account for the formation of abundant harzburgites with high orthopyroxene modes in the Eurasian continental margin. Thus, it indicates the reacting harzburgites are prevalent in the lithospheric mantle beneath oceanic crust, Archean craton and mantle wedge, as well as in the continental margin.
DS201412-1001
2014
Zhang, H-R.Yang, J-J., Huang, M-X., Wu, Q-Y., Zhang, H-R.Coesite bearing eclogite breccia: implication for coseismic ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and the rate of process.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 167, pp. 1013-MantleEclogite
DS1991-1226
1991
Zhang, J.Nelson, K.D., Zhang, J.A COCORP deep reflection profile across the buried Reelfoot Rift, south-central United StatesTectonophysics, Vol. 197, No. 2-4, October 30, pp. 271-294MidcontinentTectonics, Reelfoot Rift
DS1993-1810
1993
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Ko, J., Hazen, C.T., Prewitt, C.T.high pressure crystal chemistry of KAlSi3O8 hollanditeAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 78, pp. 493-9.GlobalPetrology, ultra high pressure (UHP)
DS1996-0626
1996
Zhang, J.Herzberg, C., Zhang, J.Melting experiments on anhydrous peridotite KLB-1: compositions of magmas in the upper mantle, transitionJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 101, No. B4, April 10, pp. 8271-95.MantlePeridotite, Melt
DS1997-0502
1997
Zhang, J.Herzberg, C., Zhang, J.Melting experiments on komatiite analog compositions at 5 GPaAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 82, pp; 354-67.GlobalPetrology - experimental, Garnets
DS2001-0537
2001
Zhang, J.Jin, Z.M., Zhang, J., Green, H.W., Jin, S.Eclogite rheology: implications for subducted lithosphereGeology, Vol. 29, No. 8, Aug. pp. 667-70.ChinaGarnet, subduction, ultra high pressure (UHP), Dabie Shan
DS2001-1278
2001
Zhang, J.Yang, J., Xu, Z., Zhang, J., Chu, C.Y., Zhang, R., LiouTectonic significance of early Paleozoic high pressure rocks in Altun Qaidam Qilian Mountains, northwest.Geological Society of America Memoir, No. 194, pp. 151-70.China, northwestTectonics, ultra high pressure metamorphism
DS2001-1303
2001
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Xu, Z., Yang, J., Cui. J.Petrology and geochronology of eclogites from the western segment of the Altyn Tagh, northwestern China.Lithos, Vol. 56, No. 2-3, Mar.pp. 187-206.ChinaGeochronology, Eclogites
DS2002-1776
2002
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Wang, L., Weidner, D.J., Uchida, T., Xu, J-A.The strength of moissaniteAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 87, pp. 1005-8.GlobalMoissanite, Petrology - experimental
DS200412-2169
2003
Zhang, J.Yang, J., Xu, Z., Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F., Green, H.W., Pei, X., Shi, R., Wu, C., Wooden, J.L., Zhang, J., WanDiscovery of metamorphic diamonds in central China: an indication of a > 4000 km long zone of deep subduction resulting from mulTerra Nova, Vol. 15, pp. 370-379.ChinaSubduction, Central Orogenic Belt, UHP
DS200412-2204
2004
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Green, W.H., Bozhillov, K., Jin, Z.Faulting induced by precipitation of water at grain boundaries in hot subducting oceanic crust.Nature, Vol. 428, April 8, 633-636.MantleSubduction
DS200512-0630
2005
Zhang, J.Li, B., Zhang, J.Pressure and temperature dependence of elastic wave velocity of MgSiO3 perovskite and the composition of the lower mantle.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 151, 1-2, pp. 143-154.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200512-0819
2005
Zhang, J.Pantea, C., Voronin, G.A., Waldek Zerda, T., Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Uchida, T., Zhao, Y.Kinetics of SIC formation during high P T reaction between diamond and silicon.Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 14, 10, pp. 1611-1615.TechnologySIC
DS200512-1242
2004
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Bullen, W.The economics of diamond projects in the Canadian Arctic.32nd Yellowknife Geoscience Forum, Nov. 16-18, p.86. (talk)Canada, NunavutGovernment model
DS200612-0338
2006
Zhang, J.Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F., liu, Z., Cartigny, P., Zhang, J., Tchkhetia, D., Hemley, R.J., Green II, H.W.Synchrotron infrared and Raman spectroscopy of microdiamonds from Erzgebirge, Germany.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 248, 1-2, Aug. 15, pp. 325-334.Europe, GermanyMicrodiamonds
DS200612-1562
2006
Zhang, J.Yang, J., Wu, C., Zhang, J., Shi, R., meng, F.,Wooden, J., Yang, H-Y.Protolith of eclogites in the north Qaidam and Altun UHP terrane, NW China: earlier oceanic crust?Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, In press, availableChinaUHP, subduction, eclogites
DS200612-1591
2005
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Wang, H.Gravity and magnetic characteristics and tectonic divisions of the Uanshan area: evidence from olivines in picritic komatiitic rocks from Emeishan (LIP) Large Igneous Province, southwest China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 26, 4, pp. 349-354.ChinaPicrite
DS200612-1599
2006
Zhang, J.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Li, S., Zhang, J.Some key issues in reconstructions of Proterozoic supercontinents.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 28, 1, pp. 3-19.GondwanaTectonics
DS200712-0122
2006
Zhang, J.Bullem, W., Zhang, J.The economics of diamond projects in the Canadian Arctic.Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Dec.-Jan. pp.Canada, Northwest TerritoriesEconomics, discounted cash flow, DCF model
DS200712-0639
2007
Zhang, J.Liu, L., Zhang, J., Green, H.W.II, Jin, Z., Bozhilov, K.N.Evidence of former stishovite in metamorphosed sediments, implying subduction to > 350 km.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 263,3-4, Nov.30, pp. 180-191.MantleUHP
DS200712-1225
2007
Zhang, J.Zhang, H-F., Nakamura, E., Sun, M., Kobayashi,K., Zhang, J., Yang, J-F., Tang, Y-J.Transformation of subcontinental lithospheric mantle through peridotite melt reaction: evidence from a highly fertile mantle xenolith from the North Chin a Craton.International Geology Review, Vol. 49, 7, July pp. 658-679.ChinaMelting
DS200712-1226
2007
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Green, H.W.II.On the deformation of UHP eclogite: from laboratory to nature.International Geology Review, Vol. 49, 6, pp. 487-503.MantleUHP
DS200712-1233
2006
Zhang, J.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Li, A., Zhang, J.Some key issues in reconstructions of Proterozoic supercontinents.Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 28, 1, Oct. 15, pp. 3-19.Russia, United StatesAldan, Wyoming , Laurentia, paleomagnetism
DS200812-1150
2008
Zhang, J.Tang, Y.J., Zhang, H.F., Yong, J.F., Zhang, J., Liu, X.M.Refertilization of ancient lithosphere mantle beneath the central North Chin a craton: evidence from petrology and geochemistry of peridotite xenoliths.Lithos, Vol. 101, 3-4, pp. 435-452.ChinaGeochemistry
DS201012-0828
2010
Zhang, J.Wang, C., Jin, Z., Gao, S., Zhang, J., Zheng, S.Eclogite- melt/peridotite reaction: experimental constraints of the destruction mechanism of the North Chin a craton.Science China Earth Sciences, Vol. 53, 6, pp. 797-809.ChinaMelting
DS201212-0138
2012
Zhang, J.Dai, L-Q., Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F., Zhang, J.The nature of orogenic lithospheric mantle: geochemical constraints from Post collisional mafic-ultramafic rocks in the Dabie orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 334, pp. 99-121.ChinaUHP
DS201212-0423
2012
Zhang, J.Lu, T.,Chen, H., Qiu, Z., Zhang, J., Wei, R., Ke, J., Sunagawa, I.,Stern, R., Stachel, T.Multiple core growth structure and nitrogen abundances of diamond crystals from Shandong and Liaoning kimberlite pipes, China.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 24, 4, pp. 651-656.ChinaDeposit - Shandong, Liaonging
DS201212-0814
2012
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Wang, C., Wang, Y.Experimental constraints on the destruction mechanism of the North Chin a craton.Lithos, Vol. 149, pp. 91-99.ChinaEclogite melt
DS201212-0822
2012
Zhang, J.Zhao, S., Jin, Z., Zhang, J., Xu, H., Xia, G., Green, H.W.II.Does subducting lithosphere weaken as it enters the lower mantle?Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 39, L10311 5p.MantleSubduction
DS201312-0260
2012
Zhang, J.Faryad, S.W., Dobrzhinetskaya, L., Hoinkes, G., Zhang, J.Ultrahigh pressure and high-pressure metamorphic terrances in orogenic belts: reactions, fluids and geological processes.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 4, pp. 841-MantleUHP
DS201312-0460
2013
Zhang, J.Karki, B.B., Zhang, J., Stixrude, L.First principles viscosity and derived models for MgO-SiO2 melt system at high temperature.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 40, 1, pp. 94-99.MantleMagmatism
DS201412-0717
2014
Zhang, J.Qin, S., Qiu, Z., Lu, T., Chen, H., Sun, Y., Wang, Q., Zhang, J., Lil, L.Inclusions of diamonds from Hunan, the Yangtze Craton and their revealing for forming environment.Goldschmidt Conference 2014, 1p. AbstractChinaDiamond genesis
DS201511-1893
2015
Zhang, J.Zhao, X., Shi, G., Zhang, J.Review of lithospheric diamonds and their mineral inclusions.Advances in Earth Science *** Chinese ( eng. Abstract only), Vol. 30, 3, pp. 310-322.MantleDiamond inclusions

Abstract: Diamonds and their mineral inclusions are valuable for studying the genesis of diamonds, the characteristics and processes of ancient lithospheric mantle and deeper mantle. This has been paid lots of attentions by geologists both at home and abroad. Most diamonds come from lithospheric mantle. According to their formation preceded, accompanied or followed crystallization of their host diamonds, mineral inclusions in diamonds are divided into three groups: protogenetic, syngenetic and epigenetic. To determine which group the mineral inclusions belong to is very important because it is vital for understanding the data’s meaning. According to the type of mantle source rocks, mineral inclusions in diamonds are usually divided into peridotitic (or ultramafic) suite and eclogitic suite. The mineral species of each suite are described and mineralogical characteristics of most common inclusions in diamonds, such as olivine, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, garnet, chromite and sulfide are reviewed in detail. In this paper, the main research fields and findings of diamonds and their inclusions were described: ?getting knowledge of mineralogical and petrologic characteristics of diamond source areas, characteristics of mantle fluids and mantle dynamics processes by studying the major element and trace element compositions of mineral inclusions; ?discussing deep carbon cycle by studying carbon isotopic composition of diamonds; ?determining forming temperature and pressure of diamonds by using appropriate assemblages of mineral inclusions or single mineral inclusion as geothermobarometry, by using the abundance and aggregation of nitrogen impurities in diamonds and by measuring the residual stress that an inclusion remains under within a diamond ; ?estimating the crystallization ages of diamonds by using the aggregation of nitrogen impurities in diamonds and by determine the radiometric ages of syngenetic mineral inclusions in diamonds. Genetic model of craton lithospheric diamonds and their mineral inclusion were also introduced. In the end, the research progress on diamonds and their inclusions in China and the gap between domestic and international research are discussed.
DS201701-0040
2017
Zhang, J.Zhang, J., Liu, Y-S., Ling, W., Gao, S.Pressure dependent compatibility of iron in garnet: insights into the proigin of ferropicrite melt mantle, China.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 197, pp. 356-377.ChinaPicrite

Abstract: Iron-rich silicate melts in the Earth’s deep mantle have been seismologically and geochemically inferred in recent years. The origin of local enrichments in iron and low-velocity seismic anomalies that have been detected in dense mantle domains are critical to understanding the mantle’s evolution, which has been canonically explained by long-term chemical reactions between the Earth’s silicate mantle and its liquid iron outer core. However, the Pleistocene alkaline ferropicrites (?0.73 Ma) from Wudi, North China, show chemical and Sr-Nd-Os isotopic features that suggest derivation from the preferential melting of silica-deficient eclogite, a lithology of delaminated mafic lower continental crust that had stagnated at mid-upper mantle depths during the Mesozoic decratonization of the North China block. These rocks are characterized by substantial enrichment in iron (14.9-15.2 wt% Fe2O3), relative depletion in silica (40-41 wt% SiO2) and decoupled Y and heavy rare earth element (HREE) compositions. These ferropicrites have particularly higher Y/Yb ratios than the other Cenozoic basalts from North China. The pressure-dependent compatibility of Fe, Y and Yb in eclogitic garnet can adequately explain the Fe-enrichment and Y-HREE decoupling of the Wudi ferropicrites and indicates that the eclogites were melted at pressures of 5-8 GPa, as also constrained by previous high-P-T experiments. This melting depth ties together a seismically imaged high-velocity anomaly that extends from 150 km to 350 km in depth under the study area, which has been commonly interpreted as evidence for the stagnation of the missing, delaminated continental lithosphere. Our findings provide an alternative mechanism to produce an extremely iron-rich mantle reservoir in addition to core-mantle interaction. Iron-rich silicate melts that form by this process are likely to be denser than the ambient mantle peridotite (and therefore drive flow downward) and may play a more significant role in the deep-mantle geophysical and geochemical diversities than previously considered.
DS201704-0635
2017
Zhang, J.Liu, P., Massonne, H-J., Zhang, J., Wu, Y., Jin, Z.Intergranular coesite inclusions in dolomite from the Dabie Shan: constraints on the preservation of coesite in UHP rocks.Terra Nova, in press availableChinaCoesite

Abstract: Intergranular coesite is extremely rare in, and bears crucial information on the formation and preservation of, ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) rocks. Here, we report the first occurrence of intergranular coesite in a metasedimentary rock, which occurs in the Ganjialing area in the Dabie Shan, east-central China, and contains abundant coesite inclusions in both garnet and dolomite. We investigated the content of structural water in these minerals with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Our new results undermine the ubiquity of the “pressure-vessel” model and highlight the role of reaction kinetics in preserving coesite due to the availability of water in UHP rocks.
DS201806-1259
2018
Zhang, J.Wang, L., Wang, S., Brown, M., Zhang, J., Feng, P., Jin, Z.M.On the survival of intergranular coesite in UHP eclogite.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 36, 2, pp. 173-194.MantleUHP

Abstract: Coesite is typically found as inclusions in rock?forming or accessory minerals in ultrahigh?pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks. Thus, the survival of intergranular coesite in UHP eclogite at Yangkou Bay (Sulu belt, eastern China) is surprising and implies locally “dry” conditions throughout exhumation. The dominant structures in the eclogites at Yangkou are a strong D2 foliation associated with tight?to?isoclinal F2 folds that are overprinted by close?to?tight F3 folds. The coesite?bearing eclogites occur as rootless intrafolial isoclinal F1 fold noses wrapped by a composite S1-S2 foliation in interlayered phengite?bearing quartz?rich schists. To evaluate controls on the survival of intergranular coesite, we determined the number density of intergranular coesite grains per cm2 in thin section in two samples of coesite eclogite (phengite absent) and three samples of phengite?bearing coesite eclogite (2-3 vol.% phengite), and measured the amount of water in garnet and omphacite in these samples, and also in two samples of phengite?bearing quartz eclogite (6-7 vol.% phengite, coesite absent). As coesite decreases in the mode, the amount of primary structural water stored in the whole rock, based on the nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs), increases from 107/197 ppm H2O in the coesite eclogite to 157-253 ppm H2O in the phengite?bearing coesite eclogite to 391/444 ppm H2O in the quartz eclogite. In addition, there is molecular water in the NAMs and modal water in phengite. If the primary concentrations reflect differences in water sequestered during the late prograde evolution, the amount of fluid stored in the NAMs at the metamorphic peak was higher outside of the F1 fold noses. During exhumation from UHP conditions, where NAMs became H2O saturated, dehydroxylation would have generated a free fluid phase. Interstitial fluid in a garnet-clinopyroxene matrix at UHP conditions has dihedral angles >60°, so at equilibrium fluid will be trapped in isolated pores. However, outside the F1 fold noses strong D2 deformation likely promoted interconnection of fluid and migration along the developing S2 foliation, enabling conversion of some or all of the intergranular coesite into quartz. By contrast, the eclogite forming the F1 fold noses behaved as independent rigid bodies within the composite S1-S2 foliation of the surrounding phengite?bearing quartz?rich schists. Primary structural water concentrations in the coesite eclogite are so low that H2O saturation of the NAMs is unlikely to have occurred. This inherited drier environment in the F1 fold noses was maintained during exhumation by deformation partitioning and strain localization in the schists, and the fold noses remained immune to grain?scale fluid infiltration from outside allowing coesite to survive. The amount of inherited primary structural water and the effects of strain partitioning are important variables in the survival of coesite during exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust. Evidence of UHP metamorphism may be preserved in similar isolated structural settings in other collisional orogens.
DS201811-2591
2018
Zhang, J.Liu, P., Zhang, J., Massonne, H-J., Jin, Z.Polyphase solid-inclusions formed by interactions between infiltrating fluids and precursor minerals enclosed in garnet of UHP rocks from the Dabie Shan, China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 103, pp. 1663-1673.Chinacoesite

Abstract: Three types of polyphase solid-inclusions (PSIs) with distinct mineral assemblages and micro-structures were found in garnet of an ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) eclogite-vein system from the Dabie Shan, east-central China. Type-1 PSI contains variable volumes of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase ± other phases, whereas Type-2 PSI contains variable volumes of quartz, calcite ± other phases. Both types display shapes that are compatible with those of euhedral coesite inclusions. Type-3 PSI always contains a rutile core that is surrounded by plagioclase ± quartz and generally displays the morphology of the rutile core. Variable amounts of K-feldspar are embedded within the plagioclase of Type-3 PSIs. The three PSI types developed fluid-mediated microstructures that include wedge-like offshoot and protrusion textures and inclusion-garnet interfaces controlled by the crystallographic structure of garnet. PSIs in peak minerals of UHP rocks have been previously thought to represent primary supercritical fluid or melt inclusions. Here we propose that the studied PSIs were formed under high-pressure (HP) eclogite-facies conditions during exhumation and represent reaction products between an enclosed mineral, such as coesite and rutile, and external fluids infiltrating the host garnet along fractures that have been healed later on. Two immiscible aqueous fluids (i.e., a siliceous and a carbonaceous) were involved in the formation of these PSIs. The siliceous fluid was rich in various large ion lithophile elements like Cs, Rb, Ba, K, Pb, Li, and Sr, whereas the carbonaceous fluid was rich in Pb and Sr. The new PSI formation mechanism proposed in this study brings significant implications for tracing fluid evolution and post-entrapment modifications of mineral inclusions in HP and UHP metamorphic rocks.
DS201812-2840
2018
Zhang, J.Li, Y., Zhang, J., Mustofa, K.M.G., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Cai, Z., Li, P., Zhou, G., Fu, C., Mao, X.Petrogenesis of carbonatites in the Luliangshan region, North Qaidam, northern Tibet, China: evidence for recycling of sedimentary carbonate and mantle metasomatism within a subduction zone.Lithos, Vol. 322, pp. 148-165.China, Tibetcarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatitic magmatism in subduction zones provides extremely valuable information on the cycling, behavior and storage of deep carbon within the Earth. It may also shed light on insights into crust-mantle interaction and mantle metasomatism within subduction zones. Origin of carbonatite has long been debated: all hypotheses need to reflect the different mineral assemblages and geochemical compositions of carbonatites and their diverse tectonic settings. Here we present a petrological, geochronological, geochemical and isotopic study of carbonatite bodies associated with orogenic peridotites, which occur as stocks or dykes with widths of tens to hundreds of meters in the Luliangshan region, North Qaidam, northern Tibet, China. On the basis of modal olivine (Ol) content, the studied samples were subdivided into two groups: Ol-poor carbonatite and Ol-rich carbonatite. Zircon grains from the Ol-poor carbonatite show detrital features, and yield a wide age spectrum between 400?Ma and 1000?Ma with a pronounced peak at ca. 410-430?Ma. By contrast, oscillatory zoned zircons and inherited cores show two relatively small Neoproterozoic age peaks at ca. 920 and 830?Ma. Zircon grains from the Ol-rich carbonatite sample are also distributed in a wide spectrum between 400 and 1000?Ma, with a pronounced peak at ca. 440?Ma and a slightly inferior peak at ca. 410?Ma. The oscillatory zoned zircons and inherited cores exhibit a smaller Neoproterozoic age peak at ca. 740?Ma. The pronounced peaks ranging from 430 to 410?Ma are consistent with the deep subduction and mantle metasomatic events recorded in associated ultramafic rocks. Both groups of carbonatites are characterized by enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREEs) with high (La/Yb)N values and pronounced negative Eu anomalies. They show high 87Sr/86Sr values (0.708156-0.709004), low 143Nd/144Nd values (0.511932-0.512013) and high ?18OV-SMOW values (+17.9 to +21.3‰). This geochemical and isotopic evidence suggests that these carbonatites were derived from remobilized sedimentary carbonate rocks. We propose that the primary carbonatite magma was formed by partial melting of sedimentary carbonates with mantle contributions. Sedimentary carbonates were subducted into the shallow upper mantle where they melted and formed diapirs that moved upwards through the hot mantle wedge. The case presented provides a rare example of carbonatite originating from sedimentary carbonates with mantle contributions and relevant information on the mantle metasomatism within a subduction zone.
DS201901-0043
2018
Zhang, J.Ke, J., Lu, T., Lan, Y., Song, Z., Tang, S., Zhang, J., Chen, H.Recent developments in detection and gemology in China, particularly for Chinese synthetic diamonds.Gems & Gemology, Sixth International Gemological Symposium Vol. 54, 3, 1p. Abstract p. 268.Chinasynthetics

Abstract: China is the world’s largest producer of HPHT-grown industrial diamonds. Its 2016 production of about 20 billion carats accounted for 98% of the global supply. Since the beginning of 2015, meleesized colorless HPHT synthetic diamonds have been tested at the National Gemstone Testing Center’s (NGTC) Shenzhen and Beijing laboratories in parcels submitted by different clients, which means that colorless HPHT synthetic diamonds have entered the Chinese jewelry market and may be mistaken for natural diamonds. CVD synthesis technology has grown rapidly in recent years. Large colorless and colored (blue, pink) CVD-grown diamonds have been entering the market, and a few have been fraudulently sold as natural diamonds. China has independently developed gem-grade HPHT synthetic diamond production technology since 2002, and can grow gem-grade type Ib, IIa, and IIb and high-nitrogen-content synthetic diamonds in volume, depending on market needs. Gemgrade type Ib, IIa, and IIb HPHT synthetic diamonds have been grown using the temperature gradient method, under a cubic press at high pressure (e.g., 5.4 GPa) and high temperature (1300-1600°C). Driven by a specific temperature gradient, the carbon source from high-purity graphite (>99.9%) located at the high-temperature zone can diffuse into the seed crystals in the cubic press, resulting in the crystallization of synthetic diamonds. Chinese production of melee-sized colorless to near-colorless HPHT synthetic diamonds accounts for about 90% of the global output. Gem-grade type IIa and IIb CVD synthetic diamonds are grown using the microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) and direct current (DC) arc plasma methods. Faceted colorless CVD diamonds can be grown in sizes up to 6 ct by at least two Chinese companies (table 1). After testing and analyzing thousands of natural and synthetic diamonds collected directly from the Chinese companies, NGTC independently developed the GV5000, PL5000, DS5000, and ADD6000 instruments for rapidly screening and identifying the diamonds based on the gemological characteristics obtained. Besides HPHT and CVD synthetic diamonds, a thickly layered hybrid diamond consisting of both natural and CVD material was identified at the NGTC Beijing laboratory (figure 1). The identification features and properties of regrown CVD synthetic diamonds using natural type Ia diamond crystals as seeds will be reported. The current status and features of colored stones examined at NGTC laboratories, including several cases studies, will be discussed.
DS201908-1778
2019
Zhang, J.Hao, M., Pierotti, C., Tkachev, S., Prakapenka, V., Zhang, J.The anisotropic omphacite in the Earth's upper mantle: implications for detecting eclogitic materials inside the Earth.www.minsocam.org /MSA/Centennial/ MSA_Centennial _Symposium.html The next 100 years of mineral science, June 20-21, p. 27. AbstractMantleeclogites

Abstract: Omphacite is a clinopyroxene solid solution of Fe-bearing diopside and jadeite, and is stable up to about 500 km depth in the Earth’s interior. It is also a major mineral component of eclogite (up to 75 vol%). Basalt, which makes up most of the Earth’s oceanic crust, transforms into eclogite at the depth > ~60 km. Due to the ~20% higher density of eclogite, it is considered one of the main driving forces for the slab subduction. Subducted eclogite is also an important source of the chemical heterogeneities in the Earth’s mantle, which are the potential reservoirs for the enriched geochemical components. Thus, studying the geophysical properties of omphacite at elevated pressure-temperature conditions is of great interest for both the geophysical and geochemical community. Previous studies have proposed to utilize the unique anisotropic seismic properties of eclogite to identify possible subduction channels and eclogite-rich regions in the Earth’s interior. Due to the elastically isotropic nature of garnet and the relatively small proportion (< 10 vol%) of the silica minerals in eclogite, the seismic anisotropy of eclogite is primarily caused by the lattice preferred orientation of omphacite. Thus, in this study, in addition to determining the densities, and isotropic velocities of omphacite at the high pressuretemperature condition, we also paid special attention to the elastic anisotropy of omphacite. We combined the synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction at Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory with offline Brillouin spectroscopy experiments at University New Mexico to investigate the anisotropic thermoelastic properties of omphacite. Incorporated with the preexisting thermoelastic database of other relevant mantle mineral phases, we compared the anisotropic seismic properties of eclogite (slab crust) with pyrolite (ambient mantle) along mantle geotherms down to 500 km depth. The maximum isotropic and anisotropic velocities contrast between pyrolite and eclogite is at 310-410 km, making it an optimal depth range for seismologists to search for eclogite-rich heterogeneities in the Earth’s interior. The ~5%-7% velocity difference between eclogite and pyrolite also needs to be taken into account when estimating the slab temperatures between 310-410 km depth. Otherwise, the slab temperature could be underestimated by a few hundred K without considering the possible lithology difference.
DS202007-1159
2020
Zhang, J.Li, W, Yang, Z., Chiaradia, M., Yong, L., Caho, Yu., Zhang, J.Redox state of southern Tibetan mantle and ultrapotassic magmas. Lhasa TerraneGeology, Vol. 48, 7, pp. 733-736. pdfAsia, Tibetalkaline rocks

Abstract: The redox state of Earth’s upper mantle in several tectonic settings, such as cratonic mantle, oceanic mantle, and mantle wedges beneath magmatic arcs, has been well documented. In contrast, oxygen fugacity (graphic) data of upper mantle under orogens worldwide are rare, and the mechanism responsible for the mantle graphic condition under orogens is not well constrained. In this study, we investigated the graphic of mantle xenoliths derived from the southern Tibetan lithospheric mantle beneath the Himalayan orogen, and that of postcollisional ultrapotassic volcanic rocks hosting the xenoliths. The graphic of mantle xenoliths ranges from ?FMQ = +0.5 to +1.2 (where ?FMQ is the deviation of log graphic from the fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer), indicating that the southern Tibetan lithospheric mantle is more oxidized than cratonic and oceanic mantle, and it falls within the typical range of mantle wedge graphic values. Mineralogical evidence suggests that water-rich fluids and sediment melts liberated from both the subducting Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab and perhaps the Indian continental plate could have oxidized the southern Tibetan lithospheric mantle. The graphic conditions of ultrapotassic magmas show a shift toward more oxidized conditions during ascent (from ?FMQ = +0.8 to +3.0). Crustal evolution processes (e.g., fractionation) could influence magmatic graphic, and thus the redox state of mantle-derived magma may not simply represent its mantle source.
DS202010-1879
2020
Zhang, J.Song, Z., Lu, T., Liu, H., Dai, H., Ke, J., Zhu, W., Zhang, J.Identification of Type IIa blue CVD diamonds from Huzhou SinoC semiconductor.Journal of Gemmology, Vol. 37, 3, pp. 306-313.Chinasynthetics

Abstract: Gemmological and spectroscopic characteristics are reported for two type IIa blue CVD synthetic diamonds from Huzhou SinoC Semiconductor Science and Technology Co. Ltd, China. These are the first relatively large (1.76 and 2.63 ct) blue CVD synthetics examined in NGTC’s laboratories, and their colour was slightly brighter than other blue synthetic diamonds that we have encountered. In the DiamondView, they fluoresced blue (with purple-red in one sample), which is unusual for CVD synthetics. The mid- and near-IR absorption spectra of one sample showed no hydrogen-related features, while the other synthetic diamond showed a weak absorption at 6853 cm?1attributed to hydrogen. The spectra of both samples had a very weak line at 1332 cm?1 due to isolated nitrogen and a distinct band at 9282 cm-1 related to radiation. A very strong GR1 absorption feature was detected by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy. Photoluminescence spectra obtained at liquid-nitrogen temperature recorded emissions related to radiation (mainly in the 480-510 nm region), N-V and [Si-V]- centres, and several unassigned weak emissions. This combination of optical centres strongly suggests that these samples underwent post-growth treatment to improve their transparency before they were irradiated to produce blue colouration.
DS202102-0203
2021
Zhang, J.Liu, Y., Huang, R., Wu, Ye, Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Wu, X.Thermal equation of state of phase egg ( AlSi03OH): implications for hydrous phases in the deep Earth.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 176, 8 doi.org/10.1007 /s00410-020- 01758-1 10p. PdfMantlesubduction
DS202103-0424
2021
Zhang, J.Zeng, C., Shen, J., Zhang, J.High thermal conductivity in indium-based metal/diamond composites by good wettability of diamond with indium.Diamond & Related Materials, Vol. 112, 108230, 10p. PdfGlobalmarkets for miniturization

Abstract: Low melting point metal (LMPM) has potential application value in the field of thermal management. Indium-based LMPM/diamond composites were manufactured using sintering technique. The thermal conductivity of Bi-In-Sn/diamond composites was improved by pre-adding indium particles fabricated using slice technique. Using in-situ imaging and particle dipping experiment, the wetting behavior of diamond microparticle with pure indium, indium-based and gallium-based liquid metal (LM) was investigated. The diamond microparticle was well wetted by molten indium. The wettability of diamond with gallium can be improved by alloying gallium with indium. Oxide film of LM would hinder the wetting of LM on diamond. The highest thermal conductivity of Bi-In-Sn/diamond composites and indium/diamond composites obtained in this work was up to 157 W m?1 K?1 and 211 W m?1 K?1, respectively.
DS201112-1161
2011
Zhang, J.F.Zhang, J.F., Xu, H.J., Liu, Q., Green, H.W., Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F.Pyroxene exsolution topotaxy in majoritic garnet from 250 to 300 km depth.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 741-751.TechnologyGarnet mineralogy
DS201112-1162
2011
Zhang, J.F.Zhang, J.F., Xu, H.J., Liu, Q., Green, H.W., Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F.Pyroxene evolution topotaxy in majorite garnet from 250 to 300 km depth.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, In press available,MantleGarnet
DS201501-0034
2015
Zhang, J.F.Zheng, J.P., Lee, C.T.A., Lu, J.G., Zhao, J.H., Wu, Y.B., Xia, B., Li, X.Y., Zhang, J.F., Liu, Y.S.Refertilization driven destabilization of subcontinental mantle and the importance of initial lithospheric thickness for the fate of continents. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 409, pp. 225-229.ChinaPeridotite
DS201112-1168
2011
Zhang, J.L.Zhao, Z., Niu, N.I., Christensen, W., Zhou, Q., Zhang, Z.M., Xie, Z.C., Zhang, J.L.Delamination and ultradeep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.MantleSubduction, UHP
DS201012-0838
2010
Zhang, J.S.Wei, C.J., Li, J., Yu, Y., Zhang, J.S.Phase equilibration temperatures and metamorphic evolution of glaucophane bearing UHP eclogites from the western Dabie Shan terrane, central China.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 28, 6, pp. 647-666.ChinaUHP
DS202202-0229
2022
Zhang, J.S.Zhou, W-Y., Zhang, J.S., Huang, Q., Lai, X., Chen, B., Dera, P., Schmandte, B.High pressure-temperature single crystal elasticity of ringwoodite: implications for detecting the 520 discontinuity and metastable ringwoodite at depths greater than 660 km.Earth and planetary Science Letters, Vol. 579, 117359, 11p. PdfMantleringwoodite

Abstract: The 520 km discontinuity (the 520) and the 660 km discontinuity (the 660) are primarily caused by the wadsleyite to ringwoodite and ringwoodite to bridgmanite + ferropericlase phase transitions, respectively. Global seismic studies show significant regional variations of the 520, which are likely due to chemical and thermal heterogeneities in the Mantle Transition Zone (MTZ). However, the effects of chemical composition and temperature on the detectability of the 520 are unclear. Additionally, it remains unknown whether the possibly existing metastable ringwoodite in the core of the cold and fast subducting slabs could create a detectable seismic signature near the top of the lower mantle. Our understanding of both issues is hindered by the lack of single-crystal elasticity measurements of ringwoodite at simultaneous high pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions. In this study, we measured the single-crystal elasticity of an anhydrous Fe-bearing ringwoodite up to 32 GPa and 700 K by Brillouin spectroscopy, and then modeled the composition-dependent elastic properties of ringwoodite to calculate the compositional effects on the velocity jumps at the 520. We found that opposite to the effect of Fe, water enhances the Vp (P-wave velocity) jump, yet decreases the Vs (S-wave velocity) jump of the 520 across the wadsleyite to ringwoodite transition. Higher temperature increases both Vp and Vs contrasts across the 520. At depths between 660-700 km in the lower mantle, the existence of metastable ringwoodite may only result in ?1-2% low velocity anomaly, which is seismically difficult to resolve. The low velocity anomaly caused by metastable ringwoodite increases to 5-7% at 750 km depth due to the weak pressure dependence of Vs in ringwoodite at lower mantle conditions, but whether it is seismically detectable depends on the extension of the regions in subducted slabs that are sufficiently cold to host metastable ringwoodite.
DS200512-1243
2005
Zhang, J.X.Zhang, J.X., Yang, J.S., Mattison, C.G., Xu, Z.Q., Meng, F.C., Shi, R.D.Two contrasting eclogite cooling histories, north Qaidam HP/UHP terrane, western China: petrological and isotopic constraints.Lithos, Vol. 84, 1-2, Sept. pp. 51-76.ChinaEclogite, UHP, geochronology
DS201012-0890
2010
Zhang, J.X.Zhang, J.X., Mattinson, C.G., Yu, S.Y., Li, J.P., Meng, F.C.U-Pb zircon geochronology of coesite bearing eclogites from the southern Dulan areas of the North Qaidam UHP terrane, northwestern China: spatially and temporallyJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 28, 9, pp. 955-978.ChinaUHP - subduction
DS201506-0284
2015
Zhang, J-C.Miyahara, M., Ohtani, E., El Goresy, A., Lin, Y., Feng, L.,Zhang, J-C., Gillet, P., Nagase, T., Muto, J., Nishijima, M.Unique large diamonds in a urelilite from Almahat a Sitta TC3, asteroid.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 163, pp. 14-26.TechnologyUrelilite
DS201712-2735
2017
Zhang, J-F.Wang, L., Wang, S-J., Brown, M., Zhang, J-F., Feng, P., Jin, Z.M.On the survival of intergranular coesite in UHP eclogite.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, in press availableChinaUHP

Abstract: Coesite is typically found as inclusions in rock-forming or accessory minerals in ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks. Thus, the survival of intergranular coesite in UHP eclogite at Yangkou Bay (Sulu belt, eastern China) is surprising and implies locally ‘dry’ conditions throughout exhumation. The dominant structures in the eclogites at Yangkou are a strong D2 foliation associated with tight-to-isoclinal F2 folds that are overprinted by close-to-tight F3 folds. The coesite-bearing eclogites occur as rootless intrafolial isoclinal F1 fold noses wrapped by a composite S1-S2 foliation in interlayered phengite-bearing quartz-rich schists. To evaluate controls on the survival of intergranular coesite we determined the number density of intergranular coesite grains per cm2 in thin section in two samples of coesite eclogite (phengite absent) and threee samples of phengite-bearing coesite eclogite (2-3 vol.% phengite), and measured the amount of water in garnet and omphacite in these samples, and also in two samples of phengite-bearing quartz eclogite (6-7 vol.% phengite, coesite absent). As coesite decreases in the mode, the amount of primary structural water stored in the whole rock, based on the nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs), increases from 107/197 ppm H2O in the coesite eclogite to 157-253 ppm H2O in the phengite-bearing coesite eclogite to 391/444 ppm H2O in the quartz eclogite. In addition, there is molecular water in the NAMs and modal water in phengite. If the primary concentrations reflect differences in water sequestered during the late prograde evolution, the amount of fluid stored in the NAMs at the metamorphic peak was higher outside of the F1 fold noses. During exhumation from UHP conditions, where NAMs became H2O saturated, dehydroxylation would have generated a free fluid phase. Interstitial fluid in a garnet-clinopyroxene matrix at UHP conditions has dihedral angles >60°, so at equilibrium fluid will be trapped in isolated pores. However, outside the F1 fold noses strong D2 deformation likely promoted interconnection of fluid and migration along the developing S2 foliation, enabling conversion of some or all of the intergranular coesite into quartz. By contrast, the eclogite forming the F1 fold noses behaved as independent rigid bodies within the composite S1-S2 foliation of the surrounding phengite-bearing quartz-rich schists. Primary structural water concentrations in the coesite eclogite are so low that H2O saturation of the NAMs is unlikely to have occurred. This inherited drier environment in the F1 fold noses was maintained during exhumation by deformation partitioning and strain localization in the schists, and the fold noses remained immune to grain-scale fluid infiltration from outside allowing coesite to survive. The amount of inherited primary structural water and the effects of strain partitioning are important variables in the survival of coesite during exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust. Evidence of UHP metamorphism may be preserved in similar isolated structural settings in other collisional orogens.
DS202101-0041
2020
Zhang, J-F.Wang, Y-F., Qin, J-Y., Soustelle, V., Zhang, J-F., Xu, H-J.Pyroxene does not always preserve its source hydrogen concentration: clues from peridotite xenoliths. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, in press availabe 38p. PdfChinametasomatism

Abstract: Water is key to many geodynamical processes in the Earth's upper mantle, yet its preservation in mantle minerals is still debated. To throw some light on this problem, we here carried out an integrated study of whole-rock and mineral chemistry, and hydrogen concentrations in olivine, orthopyroxene, and clinopyroxene within 18 spinel lherzolite samples from three localities (Lianshan, Panshishan, and Tashan) in the Nanjing area, eastern China. Whole-rock and mineral compositions suggest that the studied peridotite samples interacted with melt at different melt/rock ratios following various degrees of partial melting (up to 11%). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements show that olivine is almost dry (<1 wt ppm H2O) while the cores of orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene contain 14-151 wt ppm H2O and 41-218 wt ppm H2O, respectively. Profile analyses of >70 orthopyroxene grains, which are homogeneous in major-element compositions, covering all the studied samples show hydrogen-depleted rims, indicative of hydrogen diffusional loss. This hydrogen zonation is probably caused by hydrogen chemical diffusion controlled by the mobility of trivalent cations (most likely Al3+) in response to magma degassing or partial melting of peridotite during ascent, or interactions of peridotite with melt, or a combination of these processes. By contrast, no hydrogen zonation is observed in clinopyroxene. Based upon the comparison of chemical compositions (especially Fe and AlIV contents) of clinopyroxene within our samples with those in diffusion experiments, it is inferred that the hydrogen diffusivity in clinopyroxene should be larger than that in orthopyroxene from our samples. This inference points to that clinopyroxene within the studied samples must have experienced diffusional loss of hydrogen as well, suggesting that water concentrations in the lithospheric mantle beneath the study area are probably underestimated. Furthermore, it also implies that orthopyroxene instead of clinopyroxene most likely preserves the in-situ water concentrations at depth, at least at its core. The absence of hydrogen zonation in clinopyroxene can be attributed to its fine-grained nature and fast hydrogen diffusivity. Our FTIR data also show that Lianshan and Tashan samples have water concentration ratio between clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene (RCpx/Opx) of ?2, similar to mantle xenoliths from eastern China and other localities worldwide, yet Panshishan samples have higher RCpx/Opx values (2.3-5.9). Since hydrogen loss is suggested for both pyroxenes, RCpx/Opx of ?2 thus cannot be taken as a reliable indicator of preservation of original water concentration of mantle source and equilibrium partitioning of hydrogen between pyroxene, as opposed to previous suggestions.
DS201904-0725
2019
Zhang, J-J.Chen, W., Ying, Y-C., Bai, T., Zhang, J-J., Jiang, S-Y., Zhao, K-D.In situ major and trace element analysis of magnetite from carbonatite related complexes: implications for petrogenesis and ore genesis.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 107, pp. 30-40.Chinacarbonatite

Abstract: Magnetite (Fe3O4) is one of the most common accessory minerals in magmatic rocks, and it can accommodate a wide variety of major, minor and trace elements that can be measured by laser ablation ICP-MS. In this study, we investigate the chemical compositions of magnetite from four carbonatite complexes (Oka, Mushgai Khudag, Hongcheon and Bayan Obo). The minor elements (Mg, Ti, Al, Mn) in magnetite vary significantly both within and between different complexes. High field strength elements (Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, U, Th) are generally depleted in magnetite from carbonatite complexes, whereas K, Rb, Cs, Ca and P are commonly below detection limits. V and Zn display significant variations from tens to thousands of ppm. Co, Ni and Ga are present in ppm or tens of ppm, whereas Cu, Sr, Y, Ba and Pb are characterized by sub-ppm levels. Mo and Ge are identified at the ppm level, whereas a consistent concentration of 2-5?ppm is observed for Ge. The determined chemical compositions of magnetite from carbonatite complexes are quite distinguishable compared to those formed in silicate and sulfide melts. This is clearly shown using multielement variation diagrams, and the distinct signatures of carbonatite-related magnetite include strong positive anomalies of Mn and Zn and negative anomalies of Cu, Co and Ga. The discriminant diagrams of Ti vs. Zr?+?Hf, Ti vs. Nb?+?Ta and Ni/Cr vs. Ti are applicable for distinguishing magmatic and hydrothermal magnetite in carbonatite-related environments. In addition, the discriminant diagram of Zn/Co vs. Cu/Mo and Cu vs. Zr?+?Hf can be used to distinguish carbonatite-related magnetite from magnetite that formed in other environments.
DS1997-1007
1997
Zhang, K.Schubert, G., Zhang, K.Foundering of the lithosphere at the onset of subductionGeophys. Research Letters, Vol. 24, No. 12, June 15, pp. 1527-30.MantleSubduction, Tectonics
DS2003-0246
2003
Zhang, K.Chen, G., Grapes, R., Zhang, K.A model for Mesozoic crustal melting and tectonic deformation in southeast ChinaInternational Geology Review, Vol. 45, 10, Oct. pp. 948-957.ChinaBlank
DS200412-0317
2003
Zhang, K.Chen, G., Grapes, R., Zhang, K.A model for Mesozoic crustal melting and tectonic deformation in southeast China.International Geology Review, Vol. 45, 10, Oct. pp. 948-957.ChinaTectonics
DS200712-0161
2007
Zhang, K.Chai, Y., Li, A., Shi, Y., He, J., Zhang, K.Kimberlites identification by classification methods.Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 4488, pp. 409-414.TechnologyClassification
DS200712-0162
2007
Zhang, K.Chai, Y., Li, A., Shi, Y., He, J., Zhang, K.Kimberlites identification by classification methods.Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 4488, pp. 409-414.TechnologyClassification
DS202105-0762
2021
Zhang, K.Dong, B., Shi, C., Xu, Z., Wang, K., Luo, H., Sun, F., Wang, P., Wu, E., Zhang, K., Liu, J., Song, Y., Fan, Y.Temperature dependence of optical centers in 1b diamond characteristics by photoluminescence spectra. CVDDiamond & Related Materials, Vol. 116, 108389, 10p. PdfGlobalsynthetics
DS1997-1297
1997
Zhang, K.J.Zhang, K.J.North and south Chin a collision along the eastern and southern North Chin amargins.Tectonophysics, Vol. 270, No. 1, 2, Feb. 28, pp. 127-144.ChinaTectonics
DS200612-1592
2006
Zhang, K-J.Zhang, K-J., Cai, J-X., Zhang, Yu-X., Zhao, T-P.Eclogites from central Qiangtang, northern Tibet, China: and tectonic implications.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 245, 3-4, May 30, pp. 722-729.Asia, ChinaUHP, subduction
DS201112-1163
2011
Zhang, K-J.Zhang, K-J.Destruction of the North Chin a Craton: lithosphere folding-induced removal of lithospheric mantle?Journal of Geodynamics, Vol. 53, pp. 8-17.ChinaCraton, destruction
DS201908-1826
2019
Zhang, K-J.Yan, L-L., Zhang, K-J.Is exhumation of UHP terranes limited to low latitudes? ( coesite and diamond)Journal of Geodynamics, Vol. 130, pp. 41-56.GlobalUHP

Abstract: How the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terranes are exhumed to shallow levels but preserving intact relics of the UHP phase assemblages is among the most interesting but challenging topics in geosciences. We investigate all the paleolatitudes where the UHP terranes were exhumed. Our results show that all the UHP terranes in continental collision zones or oceanic accretionary wedges were exhumed within low latitudes (0°-30°), and the average paleolatitude for exhumations of the investigated 43 UHP terranes is ˜5.1° N. In contrast, those UHP xenoliths in mantle-derived igneous rocks could be brought to surface at higher paleolatitudes. Furthermore, the pattern of frequency for the UHP terranes exhumed at convergent boundaries is consistent with that of interglacial stages throughout the Earth history, indicating that the UHP exhumation is controlled by the climate and thus suggesting that the exhumed UHP terranes may be useful paleoclimate indicators.
DS1995-2143
1995
Zhang, L.Zheng Xiang Li, Zhang, L., Powell, C. McA.South Chin a in Rodinia: part of the missing link between Australia -East Antarctica and Laurentia?Geology, Vol. 23, No. 5, May pp. 407-410ChinaCraton, Gondwanaland
DS1996-0844
1996
Zhang, L.Li, Z.X., Zhang, L., Powell, C. McA.Positions of the East Asian cratons in the Neoproterozoic supercontinentRodinia.Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 43, pp. 593-604.China, Australia, Asia, RodiniaTectonics, Tarim, Technostratigraphy
DS2002-1773
2002
Zhang, L.Zhang, H., Gao, S., Zhong, Z., Zhang, B., Zhang, L., Hu, S.Geochemical and Sr Nd Pb isotopic compositions of Cretaceous granitoids: constraintsChemical Geology, Vol. 186, 2-4, pp. 281-99.China, easternUHP, Dabie Shan area
DS2002-1777
2002
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Ellis, D.J., Jiang, W.Ultra high pressure metamorphism in western Tianshan, China: part I. Evidence from inclusions of coesite pseudomorphs in garnet and from quartz exsolution lamellae iAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 87, pp. 853-60.ChinaUHP - mineralogy, Eclogites
DS2002-1778
2002
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Ellis, D.J., Williams, S., Jiang, W.Ultra high pressure metamorphism in western Tianshan, China: part II. Evidence from magnesite in eclogite.American Mineralogist, Vol. 87, pp. 861-66.ChinaUHP - mineralogy, Eclogites
DS2003-1546
2003
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Ellis, D.J., Arculus, R.J., Jiang, W., Wei, C.Forbidden zone subduction of sediments to 150 km depth - the reaction of dolomite toJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 21, 6, pp. 523-30.ChinaSubduction, UHP
DS200412-0690
2004
Zhang, L.Gong, Z., Fei, Y., Dai, F., Zhang, L., Jing, F.Equation of state and phase stability of mantle perovskite up to 140 GPa shock pressure and its geophysical implications.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, 4, Feb. 28, DOI 1029/2004 GLO19132MantleGeophysics - UHP
DS200412-1879
2004
Zhang, L.Song, S., Zhang, L., Niu, Y.Ultra deep origin of garnet peridotite from north Qaidam ultrahigh pressure belt, northern Tibetan Plateau, NW China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 89, 7, pp. 1330-36.China, TibetUHP
DS200412-2205
2003
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Ellis, D.J., Arculus, R.J., Jiang, W., Wei, C.Forbidden zone subduction of sediments to 150 km depth - the reaction of dolomite to magnesite + aragonite in the UHPM metapelitJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 21, 6, pp. 523-30.ChinaSubduction, UHP
DS200512-1026
2005
Zhang, L.Song, S., Zhang, L., Chen, J., Liou, J.G., Niu, Y.Sodic amphibole exsolutions in garnet from garnet-peridotite, North Qaidam UHP belt, NW China: implications for ultradeep origin and hydroxyl defects in mantle garnets.American Mineralogist, Vol. 90, pp. 814-820.ChinaUHP, water
DS200512-1027
2005
Zhang, L.Song, S., Zhang, L., Niu, Y., Su, L., Jian, P., Liu, D.Geochronology of diamond bearing zircons from garnet peridotite in the North Qaidam UHPM belt, Northern Tibetan Plateau: a record of lithospheric subduction.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 234, 1-2, pp. 99-118.Asia, TibetGeochronology
DS200512-1244
2005
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Song, S., Liou, J.G., Ai, Y., Li, X.Relict coesite exsolution omphacite from western Tian Shan eclogites, China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 90, 1, Jan. pp. 181-186.ChinaUHP
DS200612-1336
2006
Zhang, L.Song, S., Zhang, L., Niu, Y., Li, S., Song, B., Liu, D.Evolution from oceanic subduction to continental collision: a case study from the northern Tibetan Plateau based on geochemical and geochronological data.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 47, 3, pp. 435-455.ChinaSubduction
DS200712-1227
2006
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Gong, Z.Z.Shock compression and phase transitions of magnesiowustite ( MgFe)O up to Earth's lowermost mantle conditions.Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 23, 11, pp. 3049-3051. Ingenta 1064786273MantleMineralogy
DS200812-0688
2008
Zhang, L.Lu, Z., Zhang, L., Du, J., Bucher, K.Coesite inclusions in garnet from eclogitic rocks in western Tianshan, northwest China: convincing proof of UHP metamorphism.American Mineralogist, Vol. 93, Nov-dec. pp. 1845-1850.ChinaEclogite
DS200912-0716
2009
Zhang, L.Song, S., Su, L., Niu, Y., Lai, Y., Zhang, L.CH4 inclusions in orogenic harzburgite: evidence for reduced slab fluids and implication for redox melting in mantle wedge.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, 6, pp. 1737-1754.MantleSubduction
DS200912-0717
2009
Zhang, L.Song, S., Su, L., Niu, Y., Zhang, G., Zhang, L.Two types of peridotite in North Qaidam UHPM belt and their tectonic implications for oceanic and continental subduction: a review.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 35, 3-4, pp. 285-297.ChinaUHP
DS201112-1160
2011
Zhang, L.Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Van Roermund, H., Song, S., Zhang, G.Petrology and SHRIMP U-Pb dating of Xitieshan eclogite, North Quidam, UHP metamorphic belt, NW China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 32, 4, pp. 752-767.ChinaUHP
DS201312-0347
2012
Zhang, L.Guo, S., Ye, K., Wu, Y., Chen, Y., Yang, Y., Zhang, L., Liu, J., Mao, Q., Ma, Y.A potential method to confirm the previous existence of lawsonite in eclogite: the mass imbalance of Sr and LREEs in multi stage epidote ( Ganghe, Dabie UHP terrane).Journal of Metamorphic Gology, Vol. 31, 4, pp. 415-435.ChinaUHP
DS201412-0871
2014
Zhang, L.Song, S., Niu, Y., Zhang, C., Zhang, L.Continental orogenesis from ocean subduction, continent collision/subduction, to orogen collapse, and orogen recycling: the example of the North Qaidam UHPM belt, NW China.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 129, pp. 59-84.ChinaUHP
DS201412-0964
2014
Zhang, L.Wang, W., Liu, S., Santsh, M., Zhang, L., Bai, X., Zhao, Y., Zhang, S., Guo, R.1.23 Ga mafic dykes in the North Chin a craton and their implications for the reconstruction of the Columbia supercontinent.Gondwana Research, in press availableChinaSupercontinents
DS201412-1024
2014
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Meng, Y., Yang, W.,Wang, L., Mao, W.L., Zeng, Q-S., Jeong, J.S., Wagner, A.J., Mkhoyan, K.A., Liu, W., Xu, R., Mao, H-K.Disproportionation of (Mg,Fe) SiO3 perovskite in Earth's deep lower mantle.Science, Vol. 344, no. 6186, pp. 877-882.MantlePerovskite
DS201611-2149
2016
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Smyth, J.R., Allaz, J., Kawazoe, T., Jacobsen, S.D., Jin, Z.Transition metals in the transition zone: crystal chemistry of minor element substitution in wadsleyite.American Mineralogist, Vol. 101, pp. 2322-2330.TechnologyWadsleyite

Abstract: As the most abundant solid phase at depths of 410-525 km, wadsleyite constitutes a large geochemical reservoir in the Earth. To better understand the implications of minor element substitution and cation ordering in wadsleyite, we have synthesized wadsleyites coexisting with pyroxenes with 2-3 wt% of either TiO2, Cr2O3, V2O3, CoO, NiO, or ZnO under hydrous conditions in separate experiments at 1300 °C and 15 GPa. We have refined the crystal structures of these wadsleyites by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, analyzed the compositions by electron microprobe, and estimated M3 vacancy concentration from b/a cell-parameter ratios. According to the crystal structure refinements, Cr and V show strong preferences for M3 over M1 and M2 sites and significant substitution up to 2.9 at% at the tetrahedral site (T site). Ni, Co, and Zn show site preferences similar to those of Fe with M1? M3 > M2 > T. The avoidance of Ni, Co, and Fe for the M2 site in both wadsleyite and olivine appears to be partially controlled by crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE). The estimated CFSE values of Ni2+, Co2+, and Zn2+ at three distinct octahedral sites show a positive correlation with octahedral occupancy ratios [M2/(M1+M3)]. Ti substitutes primarily into the M3 octahedron, rather than M1, M2, or T sites. Ti, Cr, and V each have greater solubility in wadsleyite than in olivine. Therefore these transition metal cations may be enriched in a melt or an accessory phase if hydrous melting occurs on upward convection across the wadsleyite-olivine boundary and may be useful as indicators of high-pressure origin.
DS201705-0890
2017
Zhang, L.Xu, C., Kynicky, J., Tao, R., Liu, X., Zhang, L., Pohanka, M., Song, W., Fei, Y.Recovery of an oxidized majorite inclusion from Earth's deep asthenosphere.Science Advances, Vol. 3, 4, e1601589MantleEclogite

Abstract: Minerals recovered from the deep mantle provide a rare glimpse into deep Earth processes. We report the first discovery of ferric iron-rich majoritic garnet found as inclusions in a host garnet within an eclogite xenolith originating in the deep mantle. The composition of the host garnet indicates an ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic origin, probably at a depth of ~200 km. More importantly, the ferric iron-rich majoritic garnet inclusions show a much deeper origin, at least at a depth of 380 km. The majoritic nature of the inclusions is confirmed by mineral chemistry, x-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy, and their depth of origin is constrained by a new experimental calibration. The unique relationship between the majoritic inclusions and their host garnet has important implications for mantle dynamics within the deep asthenosphere. The high ferric iron content of the inclusions provides insights into the oxidation state of the deep upper mantle.
DS201803-0481
2018
Zhang, L.Tao, R., Fei, Y., Bullock, E.S., Xu, C., Zhang, L.Experimental investigation of Fe3+ rich majoritic garnet and its effect on majorite geobarometer.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 225, pp. 1-16.Technologygeobarometry

Abstract: Majoritic garnet [(Ca, Mg, Fe2+)3(Fe3+, Al, Si)2(SiO4)3] is one of the predominant and important constituents of upper mantle peridotite and ultra-deep subducted slabs. Majoritic substitution in garnet depends on pressure, and it has been used to estimate the formation pressure of natural majoritic garnet. Ferric iron (Fe3+) substitution occurs in natural majoritic garnets from mantle diamonds and shocked meteorites. However, available majorite geobarometers were developed without considering the effect of Fe3+ substitution in the structure. In this study, we systematically synthesized Fe3+- bearing majoritic garnets from 6.5?GPa to 15?GPa to evaluate the effect of Fe3+ on the majorite geobarometer. The Fe3+ contents of synthetic majoritic garnets were analyzed using the "Flank method" with the electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA). The results were compared with those based on the charge balance calculations. From the known synthesis pressures and measured Fe3+ contents, we developed a new majorite geobarometer for Fe3+-bearing majoritic garnets. Our results show that the existing majorite geobarometer, which does not take into account the Fe3+ substitution, could underestimate the formation pressure of majoritic garnets, especially for samples with a high majoritic component.
DS201807-1540
2018
Zhang, L.Zhang, L., Smyth, J.R., Kawazoe, T., Jacobsen, S.D., Qin, S.Transition metals in the transition zone: partitioning of Ni, Co, and Zn between olivine, wadsleyite, ringwoodite, and clineoenstatite.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 10.1007/ s00410-018-1478-x 10p.Mantlemelting

Abstract: Ni, Co, and Zn are widely distributed in the Earth’s mantle as significant minor elements that may offer insights into the chemistry of melting in the mantle. To better understand the distribution of Ni2+, Co2+, and Zn2+ in the most abundant silicate phases in the transition zone and the upper mantle, we have analyzed the crystal chemistry of wadsleyite (Mg2SiO4), ringwoodite (Mg2SiO4), forsterite (Mg2SiO4), and clinoenstatite (Mg2Si2O6) synthesized at 12-20 GPa and 1200-1400 °C with 1.5-3 wt% of either NiO, CoO, or ZnO in starting materials. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses demonstrate that significant amounts of Ni, Co, and Zn are incorporated in octahedral sites in wadsleyite (up to 7.1 at%), ringwoodite (up to 11.3 at%), olivine (up to 2.0 at%), and clinoenstatite (up to 3.2 at%). Crystal structure refinements indicate that crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) controls both cation ordering and transition metal partitioning in coexisting minerals. According to electron microprobe analyses, Ni and Co partition preferentially into forsterite and wadsleyite relative to coexisting clinoenstatite. Ni strongly prefers ringwoodite over coexisting wadsleyite with DRw/WdNi?=?4.13. Due to decreasing metal-oxygen distances with rising pressure, crystal field effect on distribution of divalent metal ions in magnesium silicates is more critical in the transition zone relative to the upper mantle. Analyses of Ni partitioning between the major upper-mantle phases implies that Ni-rich olivine in ultramafic rocks can be indicative of near-primary magmas.
DS201809-2034
2018
Zhang, L.He, L., Zhang, L.Thermal evolution of cratons in China. ReviewJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 164, pp. 237-247.Chinageothermometry
DS201908-1822
2019
Zhang, L.Wang, J., Xion, X., Takahashi, E., Zhang, L., Li, L., Liu, X.Oxidation state of arc mantle revealed by partitioning of V, Sc, Ti between mantle minerals and basaltic melts.Journal of Geophysical Research , Vol. 124, 5, pp. 4617-4638.Mantlemelting

Abstract: The oxidation state of the Earth`s mantle, often expressed as oxygen fugacity (fO2), could control the behavior of multivalent elements and thus exert a significant influence on the formation of magmatic ore deposits and the secular evolution of Earth`s atmosphere. Whether arc mantle is more oxidized than oceanic mantle remains a controversial topic. As a multivalent element, partitioning behavior of vanadium is fO2 sensitive and is capable of tracking mantle redox state. However, except fO2, other factors (temperature, pressure, and phase composition) that may affect vanadium partitioning behavior have not been clearly evaluated. Here we conducted high temperature and pressure experiments to determine partition coefficients of vanadium during mantle melting under various fO2 conditions. Combining our and published data, we evaluated the effects of fO2, T, P, and compositions of mineral and melt on the vanadium partitioning using multiple linear regressions. The results indicate that, in addition to fO2, temperature exerts a significant control on the vanadium partitioning. Additionally, we estimated fO2 of the arc mantle via numerical modelling using appropriate partition coefficients for vanadium. Our results clarify and reconcile the discrepancies between previous studies and reveal that arc mantle is generally ~10 times more oxidized than oceanic mantle.
DS202004-0502
2020
Zhang, L.Cawood, P.A., Wang, W., Zhao, T., Xu, Y., Mulder, J.A., Pisarevsky, S.A., Zhang, L., Gan, C., He, H., Liu, H., Qi, L., Wang, Y., Yao, J., Zhao, G., Zhou, M-F., Zi, J-W.Deconstructing south China and consequences for reconstructing Nuna and Rodinia.Earth-Science Reviews, in press available, 70p. PdfChinatectonics

Abstract: Contrasting models for internal and external locations of South China within the Nuna and Rodinia supercontinents can be resolved when the current lithotectonic associations of Mesoproterozoic and older rocks units that constitute the craton are redefined into four lithotectonic domains: Kongling, Kunming-Hainan, Wuyi, and Coastal. The Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains are characterized by isolated Archean to early Paleoproterozoic rock units and events and crop out in northern and southern South China, respectively. The Kunming-Hainan Domain is preserved in three spatially separated regions at Kunming (southwestern South China), along the Ailaoshan shear zone, and within Hainan Island. Both domains were affected by late Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal events, indicating their likely juxtaposition by this time to form the proto-Yangtze Block. Late Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic sedimentary and igneous rock units developed on the proto-Yangtze Block, especially in its southern portions, and help link the rock units that formed along the shear zone at Ailaoshan and on Hainan Island into a single, spatially unified unit prior to Paleozoic to Cenozoic structural disaggregation and translation. The Wuyi Domain consists of late Paleoproterozoic rock units within a NE-SW trending, fault-bounded block in eastern South China. The Coastal Domain lies east of the Wuyi domain and is inferred to constitute a structurally separate block. Basement to the domain is not exposed, but zircon Hf model ages from Mesozoic granites suggest Mesoproterozoic basement at depth. The Archean to Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal record of the Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains corresponds closely with that of NW Laurentia, suggesting all were linked, probably in association with assembly and subsequent partial fragmentation of the Nuna supercontinent. Furthermore, the age and character of Mesoproterozoic magmatism and detrital zircon signature of sedimentary rocks in the proto-Yangtze Block matches well with western Laurentia and eastern Australia-Antarctica. In particular, the detrital zircon signature of late Paleoproterozoic to early Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units in the block (e.g. Dongchuan Group) share a similar age spectrum with the Wernecke Supergroup of northwest Laurentia. This, together with similarities in the type and age of Fe-Cu mineralization in the domain with that in eastern Australia-Antarctica, especially northeast Australia, suggests a location adjacent to northwest Laurentia, southern Siberia, and northeast Australia within the Nuna supercontinent. The timing and character of late Paleoproterozoic magmatic activity in the Wuyi domain along with age of detrital zircons in associated sedimentary rocks matches the record of northern India. During rifting between Australia-Antarctica and Laurentia in the late Mesoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block remained linked to northeast Australia. During accretionary orogenesis in the early Neoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block assembled with the Wuyi Domain along the northern margin of India. The Coastal domain likely accreted at this time forming the South China Craton. Displacement of the Hainan and Ailaoshan assemblages from southwest of the Kunming assemblage likely occurred in the Cenozoic with the activation of the Ailaoshan-Red River fault system but could have begun in the early to mid-Paleozoic based on evidence for tectonothermal events in the Hainan assemblage.
DS202103-0425
2021
Zhang, L.Zheng, X., Liu, Y., Zhang, L.The role of sulfate-, alkali-, and halogen-rich fluids in mobilization and mineralization of rare earth elements: insights from bulk fluid compositions in the Mianning-Dechang carbonatite-related REE belt, southwestern China.Lithos, Vol. 386-387, 106008, 15p. PdfChinadeposit - Mianning-Dechang

Abstract: Carbonatites host the world's most important rare earth element (REE) resources. The origins of REE mineralization in carbonatite-related deposits, particularly the role of hydrothermal fluids in REE mobilization and mineralization, remain enigmatic. The Cenozoic Mianning-Dechang REE belt in eastern Tibet is one of the largest REE production regions worldwide, and is an ideal area for investigating REE mineralization. Geological investigations and fluid inclusion studies suggest that ore fluids in this belt evolved from hydrothermal stage I (fenitization at high temperatures of ~480 °C) to hydrothermal stage II (calcite, quartz, barite, and fluorite crystallization at temperatures of 300-350 °C and salinities of ~20 wt% NaCl equiv.), and then to the REE mineralization stage (temperatures of ~200 °C and low salinities of ~9 wt% NaCl equiv.). The bulk fluid compositions demonstrate that the ore fluids contained significant amounts of alkalis (up to 5 wt% Na + K), halogens (up to 12 wt% Cl; up to 7 wt% F), sulfate (>2 wt% SO42?), Ba (>1123 ppm), Sr (>1120 ppm), and REEs (>5 wt%). Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of these fluids are light REE-enriched and exhibit moderate depletion in Eu ([Eu/Eu?]CN = 0.85 ± 0.08), similar to the carbonatites and nordmarkites. These fluid characteristics and plots of Rb/Na vs. K/Na and Mn vs. Na suggest that the ore fluids in the Mianning-Dechang REE belt were derived from a late-stage alkaline-carbonatitic magma. High concentrations of Cl?, F?, SO42?, and REEs, and the absence of REE fluoride (REEF3) and fluorite (CaF2), suggest that the ore fluids in hydrothermal stage I were a high-temperature, SO42?-rich (>2 wt%), and acidic fluid system (pH < 3.5). In this system, chloride REE complexes were predominant over fluoride and sulfate REE complexes, which resulted in efficient transport of REEs. Sulfate species were predominant in hydrothermal stage II at temperatures of 260-350 °C and a pH between 3.5 and 5.2. The higher pH and fluid cooling from hydrothermal stage I to hydrothermal stage II caused an increase in F?, which in turn lowered fluid REE concentrations, owing to the formation of REE-rich fluorite. This suggests that F? was a depositional ligand in hydrothermal stage II. Continued fluid cooling (~200 °C) and increasing pH (~6), combined with the precipitation of barite and fluorite in the REE mineralization stage, destabilized the REE complexes because of the decreasing concentrations of SO42?, Cl?, and F?, which thus led to widespread REE deposition. A review of different-sized deposits in the Mianning-Dechang REE belt indicates that appreciable amounts of SO42?, Cl?, REEs, CO2, and particularly F? and alkalis in fluids, along with a high fluid exsolution temperature, represent the ideal conditions for potential REE mineralization in a carbonatite-related setting.
DS202105-0768
2020
Zhang, L.Jiang, S. Su, H., Xiong, Y., Liu, T., Zhu, K., Zhang, L.Spatial temporal distribution, geological characteristics and ore formation controlling factors of major types of rare metal mineral deposits in China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 94, 6, pp. 1757-1773.ChinaREE

Abstract: Rare metals including Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), Zirconium (Zr), Hafnium (Hf), Niobium (Nb), Tantalum (Ta), Tungsten (W) and Tin (Sn) are important critical mineral resources. In China, rare metal mineral deposits are spatially distributed mainly in the Altay and Southern Great Xingán Range regions in the Central Asian orogenic belt; in the Middle Qilian, South Qinling and East Qinling mountains regions in the Qilian-Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt; in the Western Sichuan and Bailongshan-Dahongliutan regions in the Kunlun-Songpan-Garze orogenic belt, and in the Northeastern Jiangxi, Northwestern Jiangxi, and Southern Hunan regions in South China. Major ore?forming epochs include Indosinian (mostly 200-240 Ma, in particular in western China) and the Yanshanian (mostly 120-160 Ma, in particular in South China). In addition, Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, northeastern China, with a complex formation history, hosts the largest REE and Nb deposits in China. There are six major rare metal mineral deposit types in China: Highly fractionated granite; Pegmatite; Alkaline granite; Carbonatite and alkaline rock; Volcanic; and Hydrothermal types. Two further types, namely the Leptynite type and Breccia pipe type, have recently been discovered in China, and are represented by the Yushishan Nb-Ta- (Zr-Hf-REE) and the Weilasituo Li-Rb-Sn-W-Zn-Pb deposits. Several most important controlling factors for rare metal mineral deposits are discussed, including geochemical behaviors and sources of the rare metals, highly evolved magmatic fractionation, and structural controls such as the metamorphic core complex setting, with a revised conceptual model for the latter.
DS202107-1139
2021
Zhang, L.Sun, W-D., Zhang, L., Li, R., Xie, G., Liu, L., Li, C-y., Zhang, L. Origin of kimberlite from the base of the upper mantle.Research Square, doi.org/10.21203/rs-532988/v1 19p. PdfMantlemagmatism
DS202107-1139
2021
Zhang, L.Sun, W-D., Zhang, L., Li, R., Xie, G., Liu, L., Li, C-y., Zhang, L. Origin of kimberlite from the base of the upper mantle.Research Square, doi.org/10.21203/rs-532988/v1 19p. PdfMantlemagmatism
DS202111-1788
2021
Zhang, L.Sun, K., Zhao, Z., Zhang, L., Qiu, L., Liu, X., He, S., Ren, J., Ye, L., Cui, Y.Geochronology, petrography and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes of Mbalizi carbonatite, southwestern Tanzania.Journal of African Sciences, Vol. 184, 104308, 12p. PdfAfrica, Tanzaniadeposit - Mbalizi

Abstract: The Mbalizi carbonatite is located in the middle of the Paleoproterozoic Ubendian Mobile Belt and the western branch of East Africa Rift, southwestern Tanzania. Calcite, dolomite, phlogopite, pyrochlore and apatite are found in the sample. Mineral chemistry studies have shown that the carbonatite phlogopite is linked to mantle-derived magmatism. The apatite is fluorapatite, means they are of magmatic origin. The analyses on two crystals of pyrochlore show high concentrations of Nb2O5, and therefore the Nb-oxide is classified as pyrochlore subspecies. Three types of zircon have been obtained from the Mbalizi carbonatite, including xenocrysts zircon, igneous zircon and metamorphic zircon. Zircon in-situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating in this contribution indicates that the Mbalizi carbonatite was crystallized at ca. 116.0 ± 1.8 Ma. The ?Hf(t) values of igneous zircon ranging from ?13.9 to +5.7, indicates that the carbonatite parental magma was originated from the sub-continental lithospheric mantle, and evolves toward HIMU and EM. The whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopic data suggest more contribution of the HIMU and EM? material. We propose that the complex evolutionary history of the Ubendian Mobile Belt has stored the subduction oceanic crust which has the EM? and HIMU components, forming the compositional heterogeneity mantle beneath the Ubendian Mobile Belt. At 116.0 ± 1.8 Ma, with the extension stress field, deep faults cause the pressure reduction, resulting in reactive of the upwelling of the HIMU and EM? components. This provides the metamorphic conditions to induce the isotopic resetting and may result in large scatter of initial 176Hf/177Hf ratios of carbonatite melts.
DS202201-0009
2022
Zhang, L.Chen, X., Wang, M., Inoue, T., Liu, Q., Zhang, L., Bader, T.Melting of carbonated pelite at 5.5-15.5 Gpa: implications for the origin of alkali-rich carbonatites and the deep water and carbon cycles.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 177, 2, 21p.pdfMantlemetasomatism

Abstract: Melting experiments on a carbonated pelite were performed at 5.5-15.5 GPa, 800-1875 °C using multi-anvil apparatuses to determine the melting phase relations and the P-T stability fields of various phases, which may shed some light on the source of silica-undersaturated magmas and the deep Earth carbon and water cycles. The subsolidus assemblages contain garnet, clinopyroxene, coesite/stishovite at all investigated pressures. Phengite, aragonite or magnesite, and topaz-OH occur below 9.5 GPa. Phase egg, K-hollandite, Ti-oxide, and CAS phase appear at 12-15.5 GPa. Phengite is stable up to 6 GPa and 800 °C, with the phengite-out boundary overlapping with the carbonate-out curve. Thus, the initial melt is carbonatitic and extremely potassium-rich, with K2O/Na2O weight-ratios larger than 40 at fluid-present conditions. The melting reaction phase egg?+?magnesite?+?aragonite?+?(clinopyroxene)?+?stishovite???melt?+?garnet?+?kyanite defines the solidus at 9.5 GPa, 1000-1100 °C. With increasing pressure, the composition of the near-solidus melts gradually evolves from potassium-rich to sodium-rich due to the formation of K-hollandite and the destabilization of clinopyroxene, and as a result of the clinopyroxene-out, the near-solidus melt has the lowest K2O/Na2O value and partitioning coefficient of sodium between clinopyroxene and melt (Dcpx/meltNa) at 15.5 GPa. In addition, phase egg remains stable up to 1400 °C at 15.5 GPa. Thus, phase egg is a good candidate as a deep-water carrier during subduction of pelitic sediments. This study concludes that low degree partial melting of carbonated pelite produces alkali-rich carbonatite melts evolving from potassium-rich (6-12 GPa) to sodium-rich (above 12 GPa) with increasing pressure, and if a slab stagnates at depth, and/or subduction slows down, the produced carbonatite melts will be more silicate-rich with increasing temperature. Moreover, the produced melts generally evolve from relatively silicate-rich to carbonatite-rich with increasing pressure. These alkali-rich carbonatite melts are compositionally similar to those in diamond inclusions, which provides strong evidence for the origin of deep-seated silica-undersaturated carbonatitic magma. Such magma is an ideal metasomatic agent that can give rise to mantle heterogeneity.
DS2003-1466
2003
Zhang, L.F.Wei, C.J., Powell, R., Zhang, L.F.Eclogites from the south Tienshan, NW China: petrological characteristic and calculatedJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 21, 3, pp. 163-80.China, northwestPetrology - eclogites
DS200712-1016
2007
Zhang, L.F.Song, S.G., Zhang, L.F., Niu, Y., Wei, C.J., Liou, J.G., Shu, G.M.Ecologite and carpholite bearing metasedimentary rocks in the North Qilian suture zone, NW China: implications for Early Paleozoic cold oceanic subduction and water transport intoJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 25, 5, pp. 547-563.MantleWater transport
DS201012-0831
2010
Zhang, L.X.Wang, L., Zhao, Y., Ding, J., Hao, J.,Ma, L.J., Zhang, L.X.Macrocrystal garnet and its inclusions in kimberlite pipes from the Mengyin area, Shandong Province, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 84, 1, pp. 167-177.ChinaDeposit - Mengyin
DS201906-1362
2019
Zhang, L-F.Wang, Y., Zhang, L-F., Li, Z-H., Li, Q-Y., Bader, T.The exhumation of subducted oceanic derived eclogites: insights from phase equilibrium and thermomechanical modeling.Tectonics, in press available, 34p.Mantleeclogites

Abstract: The dynamical evolution and exhumation mechanisms of oceanic?derived eclogites are controversial conundrums of oceanic subduction zones. The previous studies indicated that density is the primary factor controlling the exhumation of oceanic rocks. To explore their density evolution, we systematically investigate the phase relations and densities of different rock types in oceanic crust, including mid ocean ridge basalt (MORB), serpentinite, and global subducting sediments (GLOSS). According to the density of eclogites, these currently exposed natural eclogites can be classified into two categories: the self?exhumation of eclogites (?MORB < ?Mantle) and the carried exhumation of eclogites (?MORB > ?Mantle). The depth limit for an exhumation of oceanic?derived eclogites solely driven by their own buoyancies is 100-110 km, and it increases with the lithospheric thickness of the overriding plate. The parameters of carried?exhumation, that is, KGLOSS and KSerp, are defined in order to quantitatively evaluate the assistance ability of GLOSS and serpentinites for carrying the denser eclogites. KGLOSS is mainly controlled by pressure, whereas KSerp is dominantly affected by temperature. Using 2?D thermomechanical models, we demonstrate that the presences of low?density, low?viscosity GLOSS and seafloor serpentinites are the prerequisites for the exhumation of oceanic?derived eclogites. Our results show that oceanic?derived eclogites should be stalled and exhumed slowly at the Moho and Conrad discontinuities (named Moho/Conrad stagnation). We propose that oceanic?derived eclogites should undergo a two?stage exhumation generally, that is, early fast exhumation driven by buoyancy at mantle levels, and final exposure to surface actuated by tectonic exhumation facilitated by divergence between upper plate and accretionary wedge or by rollback of lower plate.
DS202008-1451
2020
Zhang, L-p.Sun, W-D., Zhang, L-p., Xie, G-z., Hawkesworth. C., Zartmam, R.Carbonatite formed through diamond oxidation.Goldschmidt 2020, 1p. AbstractMantlecarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatite is a magmatic rock with high carbonate and low silicate contents, which mostly originate in the mantle. It is therefore of critical importance to understand the behavior of carbon in the mantle, and consequently deep carbon recycling. However, the formation of carbonatite is largely unresolved. In particular, the source of carbonatite the carbonate remains obscure. Previous studies showed that the solidus of carbonated mantle peridotite was lower than the Earth’s geotherm in the Archean and the Early Proterozoic era, before ~1.4 Ga ago. Therefore, the mantle should have been severely decarbonated early in Earth’s history. This is consistent with the low carbon abundance in the asthenospheric mantle (~100 ppm), as indicated by low carbonate concentrations in mid-ocean ridge basalts. Consequently, carbonate in young mantle must have been mostly obtained in the post-Archean era by two processes. These are either oxidation of diamond in the mantle or recycling of sedimentary carbonates through plate subduction. Here we show that the Sr and Nd isotope variations in carbonatite may be plausibly explained by mixing of three endmembers, (1) recycled sedimentary carbonates, (2) depleted mantle, and (3) a low Sr and Nd isotopes endmember. The low Sr, Nd carbonate reservoirs for carbonatites of different ages plot roughly on the evolution line of the primitive mantle, suggesting that they were successively released from a well-preserved, non-carbonate mantle source. The preferred candidate for this endmember is carbonate formed through oxidation of diamond by ferric ion released through decomposition of bridgmanite, which is carried up from the lower mantle via background upwelling, compensational to the volume of oceanic slabs penetrating into the lower mantle1.
DS1991-1928
1991
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., Menzies, M.A., Suddaby, P., Thirlwall, M.F.EMI signature from within the post-Archean subcontinental lithosphere mantle-isotopic evidence from the potassic volcanic rocks in northeast ChinaGeochemical Journal, Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 387-398ChinaPotassic rocks, Geochemistry -EMI
DS1993-1811
1993
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., Suddaby, P., Thompson, R.N., Dungan, M.A.The origins of contrasting zoning patterns in hyalophane from olivineleucitites, northeast China.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 57, No. 389, December pp. 565-573.ChinaLeucite, Mineralogy
DS1993-1812
1993
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., Suddaby, P., Thompson, R.N., Dungan, M.A.Barian titanian phlogopite from potassic lavas in northeast China:chemistry, substitutions and paragenesis.American Mineralogist, Vol. 78, No. 9, 10, September-October pp. 1056-1065.ChinaLeucitites
DS1995-1399
1995
Zhang, M.O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M.Geochemical characteristics of lava field basalts from eastern Australa and inferred sources: mantle...Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 121, No. 2, pp. 148-170.AustraliaMantle lithosphere, Xenoliths
DS1995-2128
1995
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., Suddaby, P., Menzies, M.A.Potassic volcanic rocks in northeast China: geochemical constraints on mantle source and magma genesis.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 36, No. 5, Oct. 1, pp. 1275-1304.ChinaGeochemistry, Volcanics
DS1996-1594
1996
Zhang, M.Zhang, M.The role of subcontinental lithospheric mantle in the generation of continental basalts....Geological Society of Australia 13th. Convention held Feb., No. 41, abstracts p. 490.AustraliaSubduction, Basalts
DS1996-1595
1996
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., O'Reilly, S.Y.Enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle in northeast China: geochemical evidence from mafic volcanic rocks.International Geological Congress 30th Session Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 1, p. 118.ChinaXenoliths
DS1997-1298
1997
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., O'Reilly, S.Y.Multiple sources for basaltic rocks from Dubbo, geochemical evidence for plume lithospheric mantle...Chemical Geology, Vol. 136, No. 1/2, March 27, pp. 33-70.AustraliaGeochemistry, Basalts
DS1998-1626
1998
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., O'Reilly, S.Where has the mantle under Australia been?Gemoc 1998 Annual Report, p. 18.AustraliaMantle convection cells, Geodynamics
DS1998-1635
1998
Zhang, M.Zheng, J., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M.Nature and evolution of Cenozoic lithospheric mantle beneath ShandongPeninsula, Sino Korean Craton, China.International Geology Review, Vol. 40, No. 6, June pp. 471-499.China, eastMantle lithosphere, Tectonics
DS2001-0871
2001
Zhang, M.O'Reilly, S., Zhang, M.Barcoding the mantle: basalts as probes to Earth's geodynamicsGemoc Annual Report 2000, p. 26-7.MantleGeochemistry
DS2001-1304
2001
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., Stephenson, P.J., O'Reilly, S.Y., McCullochPetrogenesis and geodynamic implications of Late Cenozoic basalts in northQueensland.. trace elements..Journal of Petrology, Vol. 42, No. 4, Apr. pp. 685-720.Australia, QueenslandGeochemistry, geochronology, Basalts
DS2003-1535
2003
Zhang, M.Yu, J.H., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Xu, X., Zhang, M., Zhou, X.The thermal state and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the LeizhouJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 122, 3-4, pp. 165-89.China, southGeothermometry
DS2003-1536
2003
Zhang, M.Yu, J-H., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Xu, X., Zhang, M., Zhou, X.The thermal state and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the LeizhouJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. April 1, pp. 165-189.ChinaMetapyroxenites, xenoliths
DS2003-1537
2003
Zhang, M.Yu, J-H., Xu, X., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Zhang, M.Granulite xenoliths from Cenozoic basalts in SE Chin a provide geochemical fingerprintsLithos, Vol. 67, 1-2, March pp. 77-102.China, southeastXenoliths, Geochemistry
DS200412-0534
2004
Zhang, M.Fan, W-M., Guo, F., Wang, Y-J, Zhang, M.Late Mesozoic volcanism in the northern Huaiyang tectono-magmatic belt: partial melts from lithospheric mantle with subducted coChemical Geology, Vol. 209, 1-2, pp. 27-48.ChinaUHP, Dabie Orogen, subduction
DS200412-0748
2004
Zhang, M.Guo, F., Fan, W., Wang, Y., Zhang, M.Origin of early Cretaceous calc-alkaline lamprophyres from the Sulu Orogen in eastern China: implications for enrichment processLithos, Vol. 78, 3, Nov. pp. 291-305.ChinaGeochemistry, geochronology, mantle metasomatism, subdu
DS200412-1575
2004
Zhang, M.Powell, W., Zhang, M., O'Reilly, S.Y., Tiepolo, M.Mantle amphibole trace element and isotopic signatures trace multiple metasomatic episode in lithospheric mantle, western VictorLithos, Vol. 75, 1-2, July pp. 141-171.Australia, VictoriaMetasomatism, trace element fingerprinting, petrogeneti
DS200412-2190
2003
Zhang, M.Yu, J-H., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Xu, X., Zhang, M., Zhou, X.The thermal state and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Leizhou Peninsula, south China.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. April 1, pp. 165-189.ChinaMetapyroxenites, xenoliths
DS200412-2191
2004
Zhang, M.Yu, J-H., Xu, X., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Zhang, M.Granulite xenoliths from Cenozoic basalts in SE Chin a provide geochemical fingerprints to distinguish lower crust terranes fromLithos, Vol. 73, 1-2, March, pp. 135-144.ChinaTectonics, geochemistry
DS200412-2222
2004
Zhang, M.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Lu, F., Wang, C., Zhang, M., Li, M.3.6 Ga lower crust in central Chin a: new evidence on the assembly of the North Chin a craton.Geology, Vol. 32, 3, Mar. pp. 229-232.ChinaGeochronology, early Archean
DS200412-2223
2004
Zhang, M.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Lu, F., Yu, C., Zhang, M., Li, H.U Pb and Hf isotope analysis of zircons in mafic xenoliths from Fuxian kimberlites: evolution of the lower crust beneath the NorContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 148, 1, pp. 79-103.ChinaGeochronology - Fuxian
DS200412-2224
2004
Zhang, M.Zheng, J., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Zhang, M., Lu, F., Liu, G.Nature and evolution of Mesozoic Cenozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the Cathaysia block, southeast China.Lithos, Vol. 74, 1-2, pp. 41-65.ChinaTectonics, Anyuan lamprophyres
DS200612-1593
2006
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., O'Reilly, S.Y.Provinciality of lithospheric mantle, eastern Australia: source of enriched components in the Cenozoic basalts.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, 1, p. 735, abstract only.AustraliaGeochemistry
DS200612-1603
2006
Zhang, M.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yang, J., Li, T., Zhang, M., Zhang, R., Liou, J.G.Mineral chemistry of peridotites from Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic lithosphere: constraints on mantle evolution beneath eastern China.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 47, 11, pp. 2233-2256.ChinaPeridotite
DS200612-1605
2006
Zhang, M.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M., Pearson, N.Zircons in mantle xenoliths record the Triassic Yangtze North Chin a continental collision.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, in press availableChinaGeochronology, peridotite, North China Craton
DS200612-1606
2006
Zhang, M.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M., Pearson, N., Luo, Z.The lithospheric mantle beneath the southeastern Tian Shan area, northwest China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 141, 4, April pp. 457-479.Asia, ChinaPetrology
DS200612-1607
2006
Zhang, M.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M., Pearson, N., Pan, Y.Wide spread Archean basement beneath the Yangtze Craton.Geology, Vol. 34, 6, June pp. 417-420.Asia, ChinaGeochronology
DS200712-1087
2007
Zhang, M.Tomlinon, E.L., McMillan, P.F., Zhang, M., Jones, A.P., Redfern, S.A.T.Quartz bearing C-O-H fluid inclusions diamond: retracing the pressure-temperature path in the mantle using calibrated high temperature IR spectroscopy.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, on line in press available, 10p.Africa, Democratic Republic of CongoDeposit - Mbuji Mayi - mineralogy
DS200712-1239
2007
Zhang, M.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yu, C.M., Zhang, H.F., Pearson, N., Zhang, M.Mechanism and timing of lithospheric modification and replacement beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: peridotitic xenoliths from the 100 Ma Fuxin basaltsGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, In press, availableChinaXenoliths
DS200712-1240
2007
Zhang, M.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yu, C.M., Zhang, H.F., Pearson, N., Zhang, M.Mechanism and timing of lithospheric modification and replacement beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: peridotitic xenoliths from the 100 Ma Fuxin basalts...Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, 21, pp. 5303-5225.ChinaXenoliths - regional synthesis
DS200812-1311
2008
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., O'Reilly, S.Y., Wang, K.L., Hronsky, J., Griffin, W.L.Flood basalts and metallogeny: the lithospheric mantle connection.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 86, 1-4, pp. 145-174.MantleMetallogeny - not specific to diamonds
DS200912-0552
2009
Zhang, M.O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M., Griffin, W.L.Ultradeep continental roots and their stranded oceanic remnants: a solution to the geochemical crustal reservoir problem?Goldschmidt Conference 2009, p. A960 Abstract.MantleTomography - geophysics - seismics
DS200912-0553
2009
Zhang, M.O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M., Griffin, W.L., Begg, G., Hronsky, J.Ultradeep continental roots and their oceanic remnants: a solution to the geochemical 'mantle reservoir' problem?Lithos, In press available 41p.MantleGeochemistry
DS201412-0315
2014
Zhang, M.Griffin, W.L., Pearson, N.J., Andersen, T., Jackson, S.E., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M.Sources of cratonic metasomatic fluids: In-situ LA-MC-ICPMS analysis of Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes in Lima from the Jagersfontein kimberlite.American Journal of Science, Vol. 314, pp. 435-461.Africa, South AfricaDeposit - Jagersfontein
DS201606-1090
2016
Zhang, M.Griffin, W.L., Afonso, J.C., Belousova, E.A., Gain, S.E., Gong, X-H., Gonzalez-Jiminez, J.M., Howell, D., Huang, J-X., McGowan, N., Pearson, N.J., Satsukawa, T., Shi R., Williams, P., Xiong, Q., Yang, J-S., Zhang, M., O'Reilly, S.Y.Mantle recycling: transition zone metamorphism of Tibetan ophiolitic peridotites and its tectonic implications.Journal of Petrology, in press available, 30p.Asia, China, TibetPeridotite

Abstract: Large peridotite massifs are scattered along the 1500?km length of the Yarlung-Zangbo Suture Zone (southern Tibet, China), the major suture between Asia and Greater India. Diamonds occur in the peridotites and chromitites of several massifs, together with an extensive suite of trace phases that indicate extremely low fO2 (SiC, nitrides, carbides, native elements) and/or ultrahigh pressures (UHP) (diamond, TiO2 II, coesite, possible stishovite). New physical and isotopic (C, N) studies of the diamonds indicate that they are natural, crystallized in a disequilibrium, high-T environment, and spent only a short time at mantle temperatures before exhumation and cooling. These constraints are difficult to reconcile with previous models for the history of the diamond-bearing rocks. Possible evidence for metamorphism in or near the upper part of the Transition Zone includes the following: (1) chromite (in disseminated, nodular and massive chromitites) containing exsolved pyroxenes and coesite, suggesting inversion from a high-P polymorph of chromite; (2) microstructural studies suggesting that the chromitites recrystallized from fine-grained, highly deformed mixtures of wadsleyite and an octahedral polymorph of chromite; (3) a new cubic Mg-silicate, with the space group of ringwoodite but an inverse-spinel structure (all Si in octahedral coordination); (4) harzburgites with coarsely vermicular symplectites of opx + Cr-Al spinel ± cpx; reconstructions suggest that these are the breakdown products of majoritic garnets, with estimated minimum pressures to?>?13?GPa. Evidence for a shallow pre-metamorphic origin for the chromitites and peridotites includes the following: (1) trace-element data showing that the chromitites are typical of suprasubduction-zone (SSZ) chromitites formed by magma mixing or mingling, consistent with Hf-isotope data from magmatic (375?Ma) zircons in the chromitites; (2) the composition of the new cubic Mg-silicate, which suggests a low-P origin as antigorite, subsequently dehydrated; (3) the peridotites themselves, which carry the trace element signature of metasomatism in an SSZ environment, a signature that must have been imposed before the incorporation of the UHP and low-fO2 phases. A proposed P-T-t path involves the original formation of chromitites in mantle-wedge harzburgites, subduction of these harzburgites at c. 375?Ma, residence in the upper Transition Zone for >200 Myr, and rapid exhumation at c. 170-150?Ma or 130-120?Ma. Os-isotope data suggest that the subducted mantle consisted of previously depleted subcontinental lithosphere, dragged down by a subducting oceanic slab. Thermomechanical modeling shows that roll-back of a (much later) subducting slab would produce a high-velocity channelized upwelling that could exhume the buoyant harzburgites (and their chromitites) from the Transition Zone in?
DS201609-1756
2016
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., Guo, Z.Origin of Late Cenozoic Abaga - Dalinuoer basalts, eastern China: implications for a mixed pyroxenite- peridotite source related with deep subduction of the Pacific slab.Gondwana Research, Vol. 37, pp. 130-151.ChinaPeridotite

Abstract: Continental intraplate basalts (15.42-0.16 Ma) from Abaga-Dalinuoer volcanic field (ADVF) in central Inner Mongolia of eastern China, as a part of Cenozoic volcanic province along eastern margin of the Eurasian continent, provide a good opportunity to explore potential links between deep subduction of the Pacific slab and continental intraplate volcanism. In this study, we report an integrated dataset of whole-rock K-Ar ages, major and trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes, and olivine major and minor elements for the Abaga-Dalinuoer basalts (ADBs), and propose that mantle source lithology of the ADB magmas may consist of both pyroxenite and peridotite. The ADBs display low SiO2 (42.3-50.2 wt.%), high MgO (7.3-11.4 wt.%) and moderate K2O + Na2O (3.8-6.4 wt.%), and can be subdivided into basanites, alkali basalts and tholeiitic basalts that are all characterized by ocean island basalt (OIB)-like rare earth elements (REE) and enrichment in both large ion lithosphile elements (LILE) and high field strength elements (HFSE). Olivine phenocrysts have higher Ni and Fe/Mn and lower Mn, Ca and Ca/Fe relative to those from peridotite melts, but exhibit clearly lower Ni contents (< 2500 ppm) compared with expected Ni range (> 3000 ppm) for olivines crystallized from olivine-free pyroxenite melts. Estimated compositions of the ADB primary magmas, together with olivine compositions, suggest an iron-rich mantle source related with silica-deficient pyroxenite that is most likely derived from deeply subducted Pacific oceanic crust. Additionally, peridotite and recent subducted sediments are also required to account for high Ni and MgO in primary magmas together with their trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope systematics. We suggest that a mixed pyroxenite-peridotite source lithology can better match observed whole-rock and olivine signatures in the ADB, compared with either peridotite only or olivine-free pyroxenite only source lithology. In our model, pyroxenite melts would either react with or mechanically mix with peridotite, and the proportion of pyroxenite melts may range from 30% to 45% for mechanical mixing scenario. A continuous spectrum from tholeiitic to alkali melts revealed by melt-peridotite reaction experiment can explain formation of primary magmas of basanites, alkali basalts and tholeiitic basalts by increasing melting degree of a similar mantle source. Relatively higher 206Pb/204Pb of the ADB may suggest more significant role of recent (< 0.5 Ga) subducted Pacific oceanic materials, in contrast to other Cenozoic basalts in eastern China (e.g., Changbai basalts) that exhibit varying contributions from ancient (> 1.5 Ga) subducted continental sediments. We emphasize that coupled geochemical and geodynamic links (i.e., subduction polarity) between deeply subducted Pacific slab and continental intraplate volcanism in eastern China may exist, which directly support the involvement of deeply subducted Pacific materials in petrogenesis of the ADB. From the perspective of plate motion kinetics, decompression partial melting of upwelling fragmented Pacific slab (silica-deficient pyroxenite + recent subducted sediments) may be triggered by rollback of deeply subducted Pacific slab during Late Cenozoic times. Continental intraplate volcanism in the ADVF generally started with termination of opening of the Japan Sea, suggesting that deep subduction of the Pacific slab may have been an important geodynamic mechanism responsible for tectono-magmatic evolution of northeastern Asia. We suggest that the ADBs have the potential to shed light on genetic links between continental intraplate volcanism and deep subduction of the Pacific slab in geochemical and geodynamic processes.
DS202101-0044
2021
Zhang, M.Zhang, M., Wang, C., Zhang, Qi., Qin, Y., Shen, J., Hu, X., Zhou, G., Li, S.Temporal-spatial analysis of alkaline rocks based in GEOROC. Not specific to diamondsApplied Geochemistry, Vol. 124, 104853 8p. PdfAsia, TibetGEOROC
DS200512-1245
2005
Zhang, M.J.Zhang, M.J., Hu, P.Q., Zheng, P., Wang, X.B., Li, L.W.Modes of occurrence of H2 in mantle derived rocks.Mineral deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. 8th Biennial SGA Beijing, Aug. 18-22, 2005. Springer, Chapter 1-19, pp. 73-76.Mantle, China, HebeiHdyrogen, lherzolites, pyroxenite xenoliths
DS200712-1245
2007
Zhang, N.Zhong, S., Zhang, N., Xiang Li, Z., Roberts, J.H.Supercontinent cycles, true polar wander, and very long wavelength mantle convection.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 261, 3-4, pp. 551-564.MantleConvection
DS200912-0853
2009
Zhang, N.Zhang, N., Zhong, S., McNamara, A.K.Supercontinent formation from stochastic collision and mantle convection models.Gondwana Research, Vol. 15, 3-4, pp. 267-275.MantleConvection
DS201012-0891
2010
Zhang, N.Zhang, N., Zhong, S., Leng, W.A model for the evolution of the Earth's mantle structure since the early Paleozoic.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, no. B6, B060401MantleGeodynamics
DS202001-0051
2018
Zhang, N.Zhang, N., Dang, Z., Huang, C., Li, Z-X.The dominant driving force for supercontinent breakup: plume push or subduction retreat?Geoscience Frontiers, Vol. 9, pp. 997-1007.Mantlesubduction

Abstract: Understanding the dominant force responsible for supercontinent breakup is crucial for establishing Earth's geodynamic evolution that includes supercontinent cycles and plate tectonics. Conventionally, two forces have been considered: the push by mantle plumes from the sub-continental mantle which is called the active force for breakup, and the dragging force from oceanic subduction retreat which is called the passive force for breakup. However, the relative importance of these two forces is unclear. Here we model the supercontinent breakup coupled with global mantle convection in order to address this question. Our global model features a spherical harmonic degree-2 structure, which includes a major subduction girdle and two large upwelling (superplume) systems. Based on this global mantle structure, we examine the distribution of extensional stress applied to the supercontinent by both sub-supercontinent mantle upwellings and subduction retreat at the supercontinent peripheral. Our results show that: (1) at the center half of the supercontinent, plume push stress is ?3 times larger than the stress induced by subduction retreat; (2) an average hot anomaly of no higher than 50 K beneath the supercontinent can produce a push force strong enough to cause the initialization of supercontinent breakup; (3) the extensional stress induced by subduction retreat concentrates on a ?600 km wide zone on the boundary of the supercontinent, but has far less impact to the interior of the supercontinent. We therefore conclude that although circum-supercontinent subduction retreat assists supercontinent breakup, sub-supercontinent mantle upwelling is the essential force.
DS1986-0376
1986
Zhang, P.Hu, S., Zhang, P., Wan, G.A review of the geology of some kimberlites in Chin a #1Proceedings of the Fourth International Kimberlite Conference, Held Perth, Australia, Geological, No. 16, pp. 121-123ChinaBlank
DS1989-1682
1989
Zhang, P.Zhang, P., Hu, S., Wan, G.A review of the geology of some kimberlites in Chin a #2Geological Society of Australia Inc. Blackwell Scientific Publishing, Special, No. 14, Vol. 1, pp. 392-400ChinaPetrology, Mineralogy
DS1991-1929
1991
Zhang, P.Zhang, P., Hu, S.Metallogenic model of kimberlite in North Chin a craton, Chin aProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 466-469ChinaMengyin, Fuxian, Tieling, Huanren-Tonghua, Hebi, Shexian, Liu, Liulin, Yingxian, Datong
DS1995-2129
1995
Zhang, P.Zhang, P., Chouteau, M., Mareschal, M., Jurtz, R., HubertHigh frequency magnetotelluric investigation of crustal structure in north central Abitibi QuebecGeophy. Journal, Vol. 120, pp. 406-418QuebecLithoprobe - AMT, Abitibi greenstone belt
DS1996-1596
1996
Zhang, P.Zhang, P., Liu, G.The characteristics of the lamproites in the Yangtze Craton, ChinaInternational Geological Congress 30th Session Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 2, p. 397.ChinaLamproites, Deposits - Maping, Majiang, Leishan, Dahonshan
DS1998-1633
1998
Zhang, P.Zhao, L., Zhang, P., Huang, X., Li, Y.Deep mantle fluids and their products in kimberlites from China7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1001-3.ChinaUltra deep fluid, Metasomatism
DS1999-0684
1999
Zhang, P.Smith, M.P., Henderson, P., Zhang, P.Reacyion relationships in the Bayan Obo rare earth elements (REE) niobium deposit, Inner Mongolia: implications for stability rare earth elements (REE)Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 134, No. 2-3, pp. 294-310.China, MongoliaCarbonates, phosphates, rare earths, Deposit - Bayan Obo
DS200712-0133
2007
Zhang, P.Campbell, L.S., Wall, F., Henderson, P., Zhang, P., Tao, K., Yang, Z.The character and context of zircons from the Bayan Obo Fe Nb REE deposit, Inner Mongolia.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 97-98.Asia, MongoliaCarbonatite
DS200712-0134
2007
Zhang, P.Campbell, L.S., Wall, F., Henderson, P., Zhang, P., Tao, K., Yang, Z.The character and context of zircons from the Bayan Obo Fe Nb REE deposit, Inner Mongolia.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 97-98.Asia, MongoliaCarbonatite
DS202107-1113
2021
Zhang, P.Miller, M.S., Zhang, P., Dahlquist, M.P., West, A.J., Becker, T.W., Harris, C.W.Inherited lithospheric structures control arc-continent collisional heterogeneity. Sunda-Banda ArcGeology Today, Vol. 49, pp. 652-656.Australia, Asiageophysics, seismics

Abstract: From west to east along the Sunda-Banda arc, convergence of the Indo-Australian plate transitions from subduction of oceanic lithosphere to arc-continent collision. This region of eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste provides an opportunity for unraveling the processes that occur during collision between a continent and a volcanic arc, and it can be viewed as the temporal transition of this process along strike. We collected a range of complementary geological and geophysical data to place constraints on the geometry and history of arc-continent collision. Utilizing ?4 yr of new broadband seismic data, we imaged the structure of the crust through the uppermost mantle. Ambient noise tomography shows velocity anomalies along strike and across the arc that are attributed to the inherited structure of the incoming and colliding Australian plate. The pattern of anomalies at depth resembles the system of salients and embayments that is present offshore western Australia, which formed during rifting of east Gondwana. Previously identified changes in geochemistry of volcanics from Pb isotope anomalies from the inner arc islands correlate with newly identified velocity structures representing the underthrusted and subducted Indo-Australian plate. Reconstruction of uplift from river profiles from the outer arc islands suggests rapid uplift at the ends of the islands of Timor and western Sumba, which coincide with the edges of the volcanic-margin protrusions as inferred from the tomography. These findings suggest that the tectonic evolution of this region is defined by inherited structure of the Gondwana rifted continental margin of the incoming plate. Therefore, the initial template of plate structure controls orogenesis.
DS201212-0815
2012
Zhang, P.-F.Zhang, P.-F., Tang, Y-J., Hu, Y., Zhang, H-F., Su, B-X., Xiao, Y., Santosh, M.Review of melting experiments on carbonated eclogite and peridotite: insights into mantle metasomatism.International Geology Review, in press availableMantleMetasomatism
DS201212-0816
2012
Zhang, P=F.Zhang, P=F., Tang, Y-J., Hu, Y., Zhang, H-F., Su, B-X., Xiao, Y., Santosh, M.Review of melting experiments on carbonated eclogite and peridotite: insights into mantle metasomatism.International Geology Review, In press availableMantleMetasmatism
DS201508-0366
2015
Zhang, Q.Liu, Y., Chen, Z., Yang, Z., Sun, X., Zhu, Z., Zhang, Q.Mineralogical and geochemical studies of brecciated ores in the Dalucao REE deposit, Sichuan Province, southwestern China.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 70, pp. 613-636.ChinaCarbonatite
DS201901-0086
2018
Zhang, Q.Wang, S., Yu, H., Zhang, Q., Zhao, Y.Absolute plate motions relative to deep mantle plumes.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 490, 1, pp. 88-99.Mantlehotspots

Abstract: Advances in whole waveform seismic tomography have revealed the presence of broad mantle plumes rooted at the base of the Earth's mantle beneath major hotspots. Hotspot tracks associated with these deep mantle plumes provide ideal constraints for inverting absolute plate motions as well as testing the fixed hotspot hypothesis. In this paper, 27 observed hotspot trends associated with 24 deep mantle plumes are used together with the MORVEL model for relative plate motions to determine an absolute plate motion model, in terms of a maximum likelihood optimization for angular data fitting, combined with an outlier data detection procedure based on statistical tests. The obtained T25M model fits 25 observed trends of globally distributed hotspot tracks to the statistically required level, while the other two hotspot trend data (Comores on Somalia and Iceland on Eurasia) are identified as outliers, which are significantly incompatible with other data. For most hotspots with rate data available, T25M predicts plate velocities significantly lower than the observed rates of hotspot volcanic migration, which cannot be fully explained by biased errors in observed rate data. Instead, the apparent hotspot motions derived by subtracting the observed hotspot migration velocities from the T25M plate velocities exhibit a combined pattern of being opposite to plate velocities and moving towards mid-ocean ridges. The newly estimated net rotation of the lithosphere is statistically compatible with three recent estimates, but differs significantly from 30 of 33 prior estimates.
DS1999-0559
1999
Zhang, Q.R.Piper, J.D.A., Zhang, Q.R.Paleomagnetic study of Neoproterozoic glacial rocks of the Yangzi block:Proterozoic supercontinent....Precambrian Research, Vol. 94, No. 1-2, Mar. pp. 7-10.China, south ChinaProterozoic supercontinent, Geophysics - Paleomagnetism
DS202101-0044
2021
Zhang, Qi.Zhang, M., Wang, C., Zhang, Qi., Qin, Y., Shen, J., Hu, X., Zhou, G., Li, S.Temporal-spatial analysis of alkaline rocks based in GEOROC. Not specific to diamondsApplied Geochemistry, Vol. 124, 104853 8p. PdfAsia, TibetGEOROC
DS1990-1625
1990
Zhang, R.Zhang, R., Warrick, A.W., Myers, D.E.Variance as a function of sample support sizeMath. Geol, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 107-121GlobalGeostatistics, Sample size
DS1994-1039
1994
Zhang, R.Liou, J.G., Zhang, R., Ernst, W.G.An introduction to ultrahigh-pressure metamorphismThe Island Arc, Vol. 3, pp. 1-24.ChinaDabie Mountains, metamorphism
DS1995-2027
1995
Zhang, R.Wang, X., Zhang, R., Liou, J.G.ultra high pressure metamorphic terrane in east central ChinaCambridge University of Press, pp. 356-390.ChinaMetamorphic rocks
DS1996-1221
1996
Zhang, R.Rumble, D., Zhang, R., et al.The Qinglongshan oxygen isotope anomaly in coesite-facies eclogites of Eastern China.Geological Society of America, Abstracts, Vol. 28, No. 7, p. A-249.ChinaGeochronology, Coesite
DS2001-1278
2001
Zhang, R.Yang, J., Xu, Z., Zhang, J., Chu, C.Y., Zhang, R., LiouTectonic significance of early Paleozoic high pressure rocks in Altun Qaidam Qilian Mountains, northwest.Geological Society of America Memoir, No. 194, pp. 151-70.China, northwestTectonics, ultra high pressure metamorphism
DS2002-1779
2002
Zhang, R.Zhang, R., Hu, S.A case study of the influx of upper mantle fluids into the crustJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 118, 3-4, Nov. 30, pp. 319-38.MantleBasaltic rocks, CO2 bearing aequeous fluids
DS2002-1780
2002
Zhang, R.Zhang, R., Hu, S.A case study of the influx of upper mantle fluids into the crustJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 118, 3-4, pp. 319-338.MantleFluidization
DS200412-2097
2004
Zhang, R.Welford, J.K., Zhang, R.Ground roll suppression from deep crustal seismic reflection dat a using a wavelet based approach: a case study from western CanaGeophysics, Vol. 69, 4, pp. 877-884.Canada, AlbertaGeophysics - seismics, 3D
DS200612-1603
2006
Zhang, R.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yang, J., Li, T., Zhang, M., Zhang, R., Liou, J.G.Mineral chemistry of peridotites from Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic lithosphere: constraints on mantle evolution beneath eastern China.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 47, 11, pp. 2233-2256.ChinaPeridotite
DS200712-0298
2007
Zhang, R.Ernst, W.G., Tsujimori, T., Zhang, R., Liou, J.G.Permo-Triassic collision, subduction zone metamorphism and tectonic exhumation along the East Asian continental margin.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 35, pp. 73-110.AsiaSubduction
DS200912-0414
2009
Zhang, R.Kravchinsky, V.A., Eccles, D.R., Zhang, R., Cannon, M.Paleomagnetic dating of the northern Alberta kimberlites. K5, K6Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 46, pp. 231-245.Canada, AlbertaDeposit - Buffalo Head Hills - geochronology
DS201112-0599
2011
Zhang, R.Li, Z., Li, L., Zhang, R., Ma, J.An improved classification method for hyper spectral dat a based on spectral and morphological information.International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 32, 10, p. 2919-2929TechnologyHyperspectral
DS201212-0410
2012
Zhang, R.Liou, J.G., Zhang, R., Liu, F., Zhang, Z., Ernst, W.G.Mineralogy, petrology, U-Pb geochronology, and geologic evolution of the Dabie Sulu classic ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terrane, east-central China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 97, no. 10, pp. 1533-1543.ChinaUHP
DS202001-0034
2019
Zhang, R.Ramstein, G., Godderis, Y., Donnadieu, Y., Sepulchre, P., Fluteau, F., Zhang, Z., Zhang, R., Su, B., Jiang, D., Schuster, M., Besse, J.Some illustrations of large tectonically driven climate changes in Earth history.Tectonics, doi.org/10.1029/ 2019TC005569Mantletectonics

Abstract: For the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the publication of the pioneering papers that established the basis of plate tectonic, this paper was solicited to illustrate the close relation between tectonics and climate. Amongst the large spectrum of interactions that depict how tectonics modified the climate at geological time steps, we choose to illustrate two major issues: (1) How the “tryptic” climate/long?term carbon cycle/tectonics explains the extraordinary glacial episode (717-635 Ma) occurring during Neoproterozoic era? (2) How major tectonic events (i.e., the slow shrinkage of a huge epicontinental sea and the uplift of large mountains ranges in Asia and Africa) drastically changed the climate and shaped the pattern of present?day monsoons systems. This paper is the result of long?standing collaboration with many researchers from different countries.
DS202202-0204
2022
Zhang, R.Li, D., Fu, Y., Hollings, P., Mitchell, R.H., Zurevinski, S., Kamo, S., Zhang, R., Zhang, Y., Liu, Q., Liao, J., Liang, Y., Sun, X.PL57 garnet as a new natural reference material for in situ U-Pb isotope analysis and its perspective for geological applications.Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 177, 19 , 18p. PdfGlobalgarnet

Abstract: Garnet is a common U-bearing mineral in various magmatic and metamorphic rocks with a high U-Pb closure temperature (>?850 °C), rendering it a potentially valuable U-Pb geochronometer. However, a high U (>?10 ppm) garnet reference material that suits both quadrupole and/or multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is yet to be established. This study evaluates a potential reference material for in situ garnet U-Pb analysis with anomalously high U content from the Prairie Lake alkaline complex, Canada. The PL57 garnet, occurring in a calcite ijolite, has high TiO2 (6.5-15.0 wt%, average 12.7 wt%) and Fe2O3 (17.1-21.3 wt%) contents and is a member of the andradite (26-66 mol.%)-morimotoite (18-41 mol.%)-schorlomite (16-35 mol.%) solid solution series. Four samples were dated by U-Pb ID-TIMS to assess reproducibility. Twelve TIMS analyses produced concordant, equivalent results. Garnet PL57 yielded a concordant age of 1156.2?±?1.2 Ma (2?, n?=?10, MSWD?=?1.0), based on ten analyses with two results discarded due to possible mineral inclusions (if included, the concordia age is 1156.6?±?1.8 Ma; n?=?12, MSWD?=?2.0). PL57 had 27-76 ppm (average 41 ppm) U with Th/U of 0.51-0.68 (average 0.63). The total common Pb content ranged from 0.4 to 3.9 pg (average 1.1 pg). Laser ablation coupled with ICP-MS and high angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) imaging provide direct evidence that U is incorporated and homogeneously distributed within the garnet lattice rather than as defects or pore spaces. Published garnet samples and standards were then tested by calibrating the Willsboro, Mali, Qicun, and Tonglvshan garnet against PL57, which gave accurate ages within the recommended values. Case studies of garnet from the Archean Musselwhite orogenic gold deposit in Canada and the Cenozoic Changanchong and Habo skarn deposits in China yield reliable ages. This suggests that PL57 is a robust U-Pb isotope reference material. The limited variations of U and Pb isotopic ratios, together with the high U concentration and extremely low initial common Pb, make PL57 an ideal calibration and monitor reference material for in situ measurements.
DS1992-1737
1992
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y.Petrogenesis of ultramafic rocks and associated eclogites in the Saluultra high pressure metamorphic terrane, eastern China.Eos, Transactions, Annual Fall Meeting Abstracts, Vol. 73, No. 43, October 27, abstracts p. 600.ChinaEclogites
DS1993-1813
1993
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Cong, B.L.Ultra high pressure metamorphism of the Biqiling mafic-ultramafic complex from the Dabie Mountains, Central China.Geological Society of America Annual Abstract Volume, Vol. 25, No. 6, p. A449 abstract onlyChinaEclogite, Dabie Mountains
DS1994-1983
1994
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Significance of magnesite paragenesis in ultra high pressure metamorphic rocks.American Mineralogist, Vol. 79, pp. 397-400.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), coesite, microdiamond, Dabie
DS1994-1984
1994
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Significane of magnesite paragenesis in ultra high pressure metamorphic rocks.American Mineralogist, Vol. 79, pp. 397-400.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), coesite, microdiamond, Dabie
DS1994-1985
1994
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Bolin CongPetrogenesis of garnet bearing ultramafic rocks and associated eclogites In the Su-Lu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terrane, eastern China.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 12, No. 2, March pp. 169-186.ChinaEclogites
DS1995-1099
1995
Zhang, R.Y.Liou, J.G., Ogasawara, Y., Zhang, R.Y.Occurrence and stability of diamond bearing assemblages in ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 328-330.Russia, KazakhstanMetamorphic, Deposit -Kokchetav
DS1995-1931
1995
Zhang, R.Y.Tsai, Chin Ho, Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y.Preliminary study of mafic and ultramafic cumulate rocks in the North Dabie Shan area, central-eastern.Eos, Vol. 76, No. 46, Nov. 7. p.F641. Abstract.ChinaPetrology, Deposit -Dabie Shan area
DS1995-2131
1995
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y.Metamorphic evolution of diamond bearing rocks and eclogite from the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan #2Eos, Abstracts, Vol. 76, No. 17, Apr 25, p. S 291.Russia, Kazakhstanmetamorphism, Diamond
DS1995-2132
1995
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., et al.Petrogenesis of a high temperature metamorphic terrane: a new tectonicinterp. for the north Dabie Shan.Eos, Vol. 76, No. 46, Nov. 7. p.F678. Abstract.ChinaTectonics, Deposit -Dabie Shan
DS1995-2133
1995
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Hirajima, T., Banno, S., Bolin Cong, Liou, J.Petrology of ultrahigh pressure rocks from the southern Su Lu region, eastern China.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 13, No. 6, Nov. pp. 659-676.ChinaMetamorphic rocks, Deposit -Su-Lu region
DS1995-2134
1995
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Significance of coesite inclusions in dolomite from eclogite in the southern Dabie Mountains China.Geological Society of America (GSA) Abstracts, Vol. 27, No. 6, abstract p. A 264.ChinaMetamorphism, Coesite, Deposit -Dabie Mountains
DS1995-2135
1995
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Cong, B.L.Talc, magnesite and Ti clinohumite bearing ultrahigh pressure meta-mafic and ultramafic complex Dabie MtnsJournal of Petrology, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 1011-1037.ChinaMetamorphic rocks, Deposit -Dabie Mountains
DS1995-2136
1995
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Ernst, W.G., Coleman, R.G., et al.Metamorphic evolution of diamond bearing rocks and eclogite from the Kokchetav massif, Northern Kazakhstan #1Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 687-689.Russia, KazakhstanEclogite, Metamorphic
DS1996-0579
1996
Zhang, R.Y.Hacker, B.R., Zhang, R.Y.Very high pressure (10-15GPA) inclusions in ultrahigh pressure (4GPA)Chinese rocks.Geological Society of America, Abstracts, Vol. 28, No. 7, p. A-69.ChinaMetamorphic rocks
DS1996-0851
1996
Zhang, R.Y.Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y.Occurrences of intergranular coesite in ultrahigh pressure rocks Sulu region: lackof fluid during exhumation.American Mineralogist, Vol. 81, Sept-Oct., pp. 1217-1221.ChinaCoesite, Sulu region
DS1996-0852
1996
Zhang, R.Y.Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y.Petrogenesis of ultrahigh pressure garnet bearing ultramafic rocks from Dabie Mountains, central China.Geological Society of America, Abstracts, Vol. 28, No. 7, p. A-69.ChinaMetamorphic rocks
DS1996-1597
1996
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Coesite inclusions in dolomite from eclogite in the southern DabieMountains: the significance of carbonateAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 81, No. Jan-Feb pp. 181-186.ChinaUltrahigh pressure rocks, Deposit - Dabie Mountains
DS1996-1598
1996
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Tsai, C.H.Petrogenesis of high temperature metamorphic terrane: a new tectonic interpretation for the North Dabie Shan.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 14, No. 3, May 1, pp. 319-334.Chinametamorphism, Dabie Shan area
DS1996-1599
1996
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Rumble, D., Liou, J.G., Wang, Q.C.Low delta 18O ultrahigh pressure garnet mafic ultramafic rocks from Dabie @China, by in situ UV laser probe.Geological Society of America, Abstracts, Vol. 28, No. 7, p. A-69.ChinaMetamorphic rocks
DS1997-0866
1997
Zhang, R.Y.Ogasawara, Y., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y.Thermochemical calculation of log FO2 -T-P stability relations of Diamond bearing system CaOMgOSiO2CO2H2O.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 587-598GlobalPetrology - petrochemistry, experimental, Diamond bearing system
DS1997-1299
1997
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Partial transformation of gabbro to coesite bearing eclogite from the Su Lu terrane eastern China.Journal of Met. Geology, Vol. 15, No. 2, Mar. 1, pp. 183-202.ChinaEclogites, Coesite
DS1997-1300
1997
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Shatsky, V.S.Metamorphic evolution of diamond bearing and associated rocks from the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 15, No. 4, July 1, pp. 479-512.Russia, KazakhstanMetamorphic rocks, Deposit - Kokchetav Massif
DS1998-0876
1998
Zhang, R.Y.Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Maruyama, S.high pressure minerals from deeply subducted metamorphic rocksReviews in Mineralogy, Vol. 37, pp. 33-96.MantleSubduction, Mineralogy
DS1998-1627
1998
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Rumble, D., Wang, Q.C.Low delta 180 ultrahigh pressure garnet bearing mafic and ultramafic rocks from Dabie Shan China.Chemical Geology, Vol. 150, No. 1-2, Aug. 24, pp. 161-170.ChinaGeochronology, Dabie Shan area
DS1999-0118
1999
Zhang, R.Y.Carswell, D.A., Zhang, R.Y.Petrographic characteristics and metamorphic evolution of ultrahigh pressure eclogites in plate collision beltInternational Geology Review, Vol. 41, No. 9, Sept. pp. 781-98.GlobalEclogites, Metamorphism - ultra high pressure (UHP)
DS2000-0573
2000
Zhang, R.Y.Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Jahn, B.M.Petrological and geochemical characteristics of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks Dabie Sulu TerraneInternational Geology Review, Vol. 42, No. 4, Apr 1, pp. 328-52.China, East CentralPetrology, geochemistry, ultra high pressure (UHP), Deposit - Dabie Shan area
DS2000-1048
2000
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Retrograde hydration of Shuanghe ultrahigh - P rocks from the Dabie Terrane central Chin a during exhumation.Geological Society of America (GSA) Abstracts, Vol. 32, No. 7, p.A-114.ChinaCoesites, Dabie Shan area
DS2000-1049
2000
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Hydrous phases in ultra high pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks from the Dabie Salu ultra high pressure (UHP) terrane, east central China.Igc 30th. Brasil, Aug. abstract only 1p.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP) - metamorphism, Dabie Salu area
DS2002-0627
2002
Zhang, R.Y.Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A., Zhang, R.Y., Ernst, W.G., Liou, J.G.Ar Ar geochronology of diamond bearing metasedimentary rocks from the Kokchetav Massif.Frontiers Science Series, University Academy Press, Vol. 38, pp. 397-412.RussiaGeochronology
DS2002-1781
2002
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Clinopyroxenite from the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane, eastern China: origin and evolution of garnet exsolution in clinopyroxene.Geological Society of America Annual Meeting Oct. 27-30, Abstract p. 503.ChinaUHP - petrology
DS2002-1782
2002
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Shau, Y.H., Liou, J.G., Lo, C.H.Discovery of clinoenstatite in garnet pyroxenites from the Dabie Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane, east central China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 87, pp. 867-74.ChinaUHP - mineralogy, Dabie Shan area
DS2003-0528
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A., Zhang, R.Y., Ernst, W.G., Liou, J.G.Ultrarapid exhumation of ultrahigh pressure diamond bearing metasedimentary rocks ofLithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 61-75.Russia, KazakhstanUHP
DS2003-1308
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Sobolev, N.V., Shatsky, V.S., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Hwang, Shen, Chu, YuiAn origin of microdiamonds in metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav Massif, northernEpisodes, Russia, KazakhstanBlank
DS2003-1547
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Yang, J.S., Ye, K.Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism in the forbidden zone: the Xugou garnet peridotiteJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 21, 6, pp. 539-50.ChinaUHP
DS2003-1548
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, Y.F., Fu, B.Transition of UHP eclogites to gneissic rocks of low amphibolite facies duringLithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 269-91.ChinaUHP, metamorphism
DS2003-1549
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Zhai, S.M., Fei, Y.W.., Liou, J.G.Titanium solubility in coexisting garnet and clinopyroxene at very high pressure: theEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 4, Dec. 10, pp. 591-601.GlobalBlank
DS200412-0759
2002
Zhang, R.Y.Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A., Zhang, R.Y., Ernst, W.G., Liou, J.G.Ar Ar geochronology of diamond bearing metasedimentary rocks from the Kokchetav Massif.Frontiers Science Series, University Academy Press, Vol. 38, pp. 397-412.RussiaGeochronology
DS200412-0760
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A., Zhang, R.Y., Ernst, W.G., Liou, J.G.Ultrarapid exhumation of ultrahigh pressure diamond bearing metasedimentary rocks of the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan?Lithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 61-75.Russia, KazakhstanUHP
DS200412-0961
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Katayama, I., Muko, A., Izuka, T., Maruyama, S., Terada, K., Tsutsumi, Y., Sany, Y., Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G.Dating of zircon from Ti clinohumite bearing garnet peridotite: implication for timing of mantle metasomatism.Geology, Vol. 31, 8, pp. 713-716.MantleGeochronology
DS200412-1140
2004
Zhang, R.Y.Liou, J.G., Tsujimori, T., Zhang, R.Y., Katayama, I., Maruyama, S.Global UHP metamorphism and continental subduction collision: the Himalayan model.International Geology Review, Vol. 46, 1, pp. 1-27.EuropeUHP - subduction not specific to diamonds
DS200412-1871
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Sobolev, N.V., Shatsky, V.S., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Hwang, Shen, Chu, Yui, Zayachkovsky, KasymovAn origin of microdiamonds in metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. US Russian civilian research andEpisodes, December, pp. 290-294.Russia, KazakhstanGenesis - microdiamonds
DS200412-2206
2002
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Katayama, I.Petrologic characteristics and metamorphic evolution of diamond bearing gneiss from Kumdy Kol.Frontiers Science Series, University Academy Press, Vol. 38, pp. 213-34.ChinaPetrology
DS200412-2207
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Yang, J.S., Ye, K.Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism in the forbidden zone: the Xugou garnet peridotite.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 21, 6, pp. 539-50.ChinaUHP
DS200412-2208
2004
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, J.P.Ultrahigh pressure corundum rich garnerite in garnet peridotite, Sulu terrane, China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 147, 1, pp. 21-31.ChinaUHP
DS200412-2209
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, Y.F., Fu, B.Transition of UHP eclogites to gneissic rocks of low amphibolite facies during exhumation: evidence from the Dabie Terraine, cenLithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 269-91.ChinaUHP, metamorphism
DS200412-2210
2003
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Zhai, S.M., Fei, Y.W., Liou, J.G.Titanium solubility in coexisting garnet and clinopyroxene at very high pressure: the significance of exsolved rutile in garnet.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 4, Dec. 10, pp. 591-601.TechnologyUHP, solubility
DS200512-1246
2004
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Yang, J.S., Liu, L., Jahn, B-M.Garnet peridotites in the UHP Mountain Belts of China.International Geology Review, Vol. 46, 11, pp. 981-1004.China, AsiaUHP
DS200512-1247
2005
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, J-P., Griffin, W.L., Yui, T-F, O'Reilly, S.Y.Petrogenesis of the Yangkou layered garnet peridotite complex, Sulu UHP terrane, China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 90, pp. 801-813.ChinaUHP
DS200512-1248
2005
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Yang, J.S., Wooden, J.L., Liou, J.G., Li, T.F.U Pb SHRIMP geochronology of zircon in garnet peridotite from the Sulu UHP terrane, China: implications for mantle metasomatism and subduction.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 237, 3-4, Sept. 15, pp. 729-743.Asia, ChinaUHP metamorphism, geochronology
DS200512-1255
2005
Zhang, R.Y.Zhao, R., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Wooden, J.L.SHRIMP U Pb dating of zircon from the Xugou UHP eclogite, Sulu Terraine, eastern China.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 7, pp. 805-814.Asia, ChinaGeochronology
DS200512-1259
2005
Zhang, R.Y.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O Reilly, S.Y., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Lu, F.Late Mesozoic Eocene mantle replacement beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: evidence from the Paleozoic and Cenozoic peridotite xenoliths.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 5, May, pp. 457-472.ChinaXenoliths
DS200612-0823
2006
Zhang, R.Y.Liou, J.G., Tsuijmori, T., Chu, W., Zhang, R.Y., Wooden, J.L.Protolith and metamorphic ages of the Haiyangsuo Complex, eastern China: a non UHP exotic tectonic slab in the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 88, 1-2, pp. 207-226.ChinaUHP
DS200612-1600
2006
Zhang, R.Y.Zhao, R., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Li, T.SHRIMP U Pb zircon dating of the Rongcheng eclogite and associated peridotite: new constraints for UHP metamorphism of mantle derived mafic ultramafic bodiesGeological Society of America Special Paper, No. 403, pp. 115-126.ChinaUHP - Sulu, Dabie, geochronology
DS200612-1604
2006
Zhang, R.Y.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yang, J.S., Zhang, R.Y.A refractory mantle protolith in younger continental crust, east central China: age and composition of zircon in Sulu ultrahigh pressure peridotite.Geology, Vol. 34, 9, Sept. pp. 705-708.ChinaUHP, geochronology
DS200712-1228
2007
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Li, T., Rumble, D., Yui, T-F., Li, L., Yang, J.S., Pan, Y., Liou, J.G.Multiple metasomatism in Sulu ultrahigh P garnet peridotite constrained by petrological geochemiscal investigations.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 25, 2, pp. 149-164..ChinaUHP
DS200712-1229
2007
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Ernst, W.G.Ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belts in China: major progress in the past several years.International Geology Review, Vol. 49, 6, pp. 504-519.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1230
2007
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, J.P., Yang, Y.H.Mineral REE ad Lu Hf isotope geochemistry of zircon in the mantle - derived eclogite from Donghai the Sulu UHP terrane: new constraints for the origin of eclogite.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 250.ChinaGeochronology
DS200712-1231
2007
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, J.P., Yang, Y.H.Mineral REE ad Lu Hf isotope geochemistry of zircon in the mantle - derived eclogite from Donghai the Sulu UHP terrane: new constraints for the origin of eclogite.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 250.ChinaGeochronology
DS200712-1238
2007
Zhang, R.Y.Zhao, R., Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Booth, A.L., Pope, E.C., Chamberlain, C.P.Petrochemistry oxygen isotopes and U-Pb SHRIMP geochronology of mafic ultramafic bodies from the Sulu UHP terrane, China.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 25, 2, pp. 207-224.ChinaUHP
DS200812-0659
2008
Zhang, R.Y.Li, T.F., Yang, J.S., Zhang, R.Y.Geochemical characteristics, UHP metamorphic age, and genesis of the Huijialing garnet clinopyroxenite, Sulu terrane, China.International Geology Review, Vol. 50, 1, pp. 48-60.ChinaUHP
DS200812-1312
2008
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Pan, Y.M., Yang, Y.H., Li, T.F., Liou, J.G., Yang, J.S.Chemical composition and ultrahigh P metamorphism of garnet peridotites from the Sulu UHP terrane, China: investigation of major, trace elements and Hf isotopesChemical Geology, in press available,ChinaUHP
DS200812-1313
2008
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y., Pan, Y.M., Yang, Y.H., Li, T.F., Liou, J.G., Yang, J.S.Chemical composition and ultrahigh P metamorphism of garnet peridotites from the Sulu UHP terrane, China: investigation of major trace elements and Hf isotopes.Chemical Geology, Vol. 255, 1-2, Sept. 30, pp. 250-264.ChinaUHP
DS200912-0439
2009
Zhang, R.Y.Liou, J.G., Ernst, E.G., Zhang, R.Y., Tsujimori, T., Jahn, B.M.Ultrahigh pressure minerals and metamorphic terranes - the view from China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 35, 3-4, pp. 199-231.ChinaUHP
DS201212-0817
2012
Zhang, R.Y.Zhang, R.Y.,Liou, J.G., Omori, S., Sobolev, N.V., Shatsky, V.S., Iizuka, C.H-O.Tale of the Kulet eclogite from the Koketchev Massive, Kazakhstan: initial tectonic setting and transition from amphibolite to eclogite.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, in press availableRussia, KazakhstanEclogite
DS1991-1930
1991
Zhang, R.Y.X.Zhiou Gaozhi, Liou, J.G., Eide, E.A., Zhang, R.Y.X., Wang, W.G.Mineral parageneses of eclogites in both ultrahigh pressure and high pressure metamorphic belts from central Chin a #2Eos Transactions, Vol. 72, No. 44, October 29, abstract p. 558ChinaEclogites, Petrology
DS2003-1550
2003
Zhang, Ru.Y.Zhang, Ru.Y., Liou, J.G.Clinopyroxenite from the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane, eastern China: origin andAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 88, 10, Oct. pp. 1591-1619.ChinaUHP
DS200412-2211
2003
Zhang, Ru.Y.Zhang, Ru.Y., Liou, J.G.Clinopyroxenite from the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane, eastern China: origin and evolution of garnet exsolution in clinopyroxAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 88, 10, Oct. pp. 1591-1619.ChinaUHP
DS200512-0695
2004
Zhang, Ru.Y.Mattison, C.G., Zhang, Ru.Y., Tsujimori, T., Liou, J.G.Epidote rich talc kyanite phengite eclogites, Sulu terrane, eastern China: P T fo2 estimates and the significance of epidote talc assemblage in eclogite.American Mineralogist, Vol. 89, pp. 1772-1783.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1237
2007
Zhang, Ru.Y.Zhao, R., Liou, J.G., Tsujimori, T., Zhang, Ru.Y.Petrology and U-Pb SHRIMP geochronology of a garnet peridotite, Sulu UHP terrane, east central China.International Geology Review, Vol. 49, 8, pp.ChinaUHP
DS200512-0455
2004
Zhang, R-Y.Hwang, S.L., Shen, P., Chu, H-T., Yui, T-F, Liou, J.G., Sobolev, N.V., Zhang, R-Y., Shatsky, V.S., ZayachkovskyKokchetavite: a new potassium feldspar polymorph from the Kokchetav ultrahigh pressure terrane.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 148, 3, pp. 380-RussiaUHP
DS201012-0300
2010
Zhang, R-Y.Hwang, S-L., Yui, T-F., Chu, H-T., Shen, P., Zhang, R-Y., Liou, J.G.An AEM study of garnet clinopyroxenite from the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane: formation mechanisms of oriented ilmenite, spinel, magnetite, amphibole andContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, in press available, 14p.TechnologyUHP, Garnet inclusions in clinopyroxenes
DS201112-0460
2011
Zhang, R-Y.Hwang, S-L., Yui, T-F., Chu, H-T., Shen, P., Zhang, R-Y., Liou, J.G.An AEM study of garnet clinopyroxenite from the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane: formation mechanisms of oriented ilmenite, spinel, magnetite, amphibole garnetContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 161, 6, pp. 901-920.MantleChemistry
DS1995-2137
1995
Zhang, S.Zhang, S., Gurnis, M.Mantle convection with plates and mobile faulted plate marginsScience, Vol. 267, No. 5199, Feb. 10, pp. 838-842.MantleTectonics -plate margins
DS1995-2138
1995
Zhang, S.Zhang, S., Yuen, D.A.Formation of large scale linear upwelling plumes in mantle convection model with phase boundary depth 660km.Eos, Vol. 76, No. 46, Nov. 7. p.F634. Abstract.MantleConvection
DS1995-2139
1995
Zhang, S.Zhang, S., Yuen, D.A.The influences of lower mantle viscosity stratification on 3D spherical shell mantle convection.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 132, pp. 157-166.MantleGeophysics -seismics, Lithosphere
DS2003-0817
2003
Zhang, S.Li, Z.X., Li, X.H., Kinny, P.D., Wang, J., Zhang, S., Zhou, H.Geochronology of Neoproterozoic syn-rift magmatism in the Yangtze Craton, SouthPrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.85-109.China, RodiniaGeochronology, Magmatism
DS200412-1134
2003
Zhang, S.Li, Z.X., Li, X.H., Kinny, P.D., Wang, J., Zhang, S., Zhou, H.Geochronology of Neoproterozoic syn-rift magmatism in the Yangtze Craton, South Chin a and correlations with other continents: evPrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.85-109.China, RodiniaGeochronology Magmatism
DS200712-0491
2007
Zhang, S.Jiang, N., Liu, Y., Zhou, W., Yang, J., Zhang, S.Derivation of Mesozoic adakitic magmas from ancient lower crust in the North Chin a craton.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, 10, May 15, pp. 2591-2608.ChinaSubduction
DS201312-0698
2013
Zhang, S.Pell, J., Russell, K., Zhang, S.Kimberlite emplacement temperatures from conodont geothermometry; hotter than you might think.Vancouver Kimberlite Cluster, abstract talk Oct. 18, 1/2p.Canada, NunavutGeothermometry
DS201312-1011
2013
Zhang, S.Zhang, S., Pell, J.Study of sedimentary rock xenoliths from kimberlites on Hall Peninsula, Baffin Island, Nunavut.Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Summary of Activities 2012, pp. 107-112.Canada, Nunavut, Baffin IslandDeposit - Chidliak
DS201412-0964
2014
Zhang, S.Wang, W., Liu, S., Santsh, M., Zhang, L., Bai, X., Zhao, Y., Zhang, S., Guo, R.1.23 Ga mafic dykes in the North Chin a craton and their implications for the reconstruction of the Columbia supercontinent.Gondwana Research, in press availableChinaSupercontinents
DS201412-1025
2014
Zhang, S.Zhang, S., Pell, J.Conodonts recovered from the carbonate xenoliths in the kimberlites confirm the Paleozoic cover on the Hall Peninsula.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 51, pp. 142-155.Canada, Nunavut, Baffin IslandDeposit - Chidliak
DS201501-0024
2015
Zhang, S.Pell, J., Russell, J.K., Zhang, S.Kimberlite emplacement temperatures from conodont geothermometry.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 411, pp. 131-141.Canada, Nunavut, Baffin IslandDeposit - Chidliak
DS201606-1130
2016
Zhang, S.Zhang, Z., Dorfman, S.M., Labidi, J., Zhang, S., Li, M., Manga, M., Stixrude, L., McDonough, W.F., Williams, Q.Primordial metallic melt in the deep mantle.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, 8, pp. 3693-3697.MantleMelting

Abstract: Seismic tomography models reveal two large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) that identify large-scale variations in temperature and composition in the deep mantle. Other characteristics include elevated density, elevated bulk sound speed, and sharp boundaries. We show that properties of LLSVPs can be explained by the presence of small quantities (0.3-3%) of suspended, dense Fe-Ni-S liquid. Trapping of metallic liquid is demonstrated to be likely during the crystallization of a dense basal magma ocean, and retention of such melts is consistent with currently available experimental constraints. Calculated seismic velocities and densities of lower mantle material containing low-abundance metallic liquids match the observed LLSVP properties. Small quantities of metallic liquids trapped at depth provide a natural explanation for primitive noble gas signatures in plume-related magmas. Our model hence provides a mechanism for generating large-scale chemical heterogeneities in Earth's early history and makes clear predictions for future tests of our hypothesis.
DS201607-1323
2016
Zhang, S.Zhang, Z., Dorfman, S.M., Labidi, J., Zhang, S., Li, M., Manga, M., Stixrude, L., McDonough, W.F., Williams, Q.Primordial metallic melt in the deep mantle.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, 8, pp. 3693-3699.MantleMelting

Abstract: Seismic tomography models reveal two large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) that identify large-scale variations in temperature and composition in the deep mantle. Other characteristics include elevated density, elevated bulk sound speed, and sharp boundaries. We show that properties of LLSVPs can be explained by the presence of small quantities (0.3 -3%) of suspended, dense Fe-Ni-S liquid. Trapping of metallic liquid is demonstrated to be likely during the crystallization of a dense basal magma ocean, and retention of such melts is consistent with currently available experimental constraints. Calculated seismic velocities and densities of lower mantle material containing low-abundance metallic liquids match the observed LLSVP properties. Small quantities of metallic liquids trapped at depth provide a natural explanation for primitive noble gas signatures in plume-related magmas. Our model hence provides a mechanism for generating large-scale chemical heterogeneities in Earth's early history and makes clear predictions for future tests of our hypothesis.
DS201704-0654
2016
Zhang, S.Zhang, S., Pell, J.Conodonts and their colour alteration index values from carbonate xenoliths in four kimberlites on the Hall Peninsula, Baffin Island, Nunavut.Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office, pp. 1-12.Canada, Nunavut, Baffin IslandDeposit - Chidliak
DS201710-2252
2017
Zhang, S.O'Neill, C., Marchi, S., Zhang, S., Bottke, W.Impact driven subduction on the Hadean Earth.Nature Geoscience, Vol. 10, 10, pp. 793-797.Mantlesubduction

Abstract: Impact cratering was a dominant geologic process in the early Solar System that probably played an active role in the crustal evolution of the young terrestrial planets. The Earth’s interior during the Hadean, 4.56 to 4 billion years ago, may have been too hot to sustain plate tectonics. However, whether large impacts could have triggered tectonism on the early Earth remains unclear. Here we conduct global-scale tectonic simulations of the evolution of the Earth through the Hadean eon under variable impact fluxes. Our simulations show that the thermal anomalies produced by large impacts induce mantle upwellings that are capable of driving transient subduction events. Furthermore, we find that moderate-sized impacts can act as subduction triggers by causing localized lithospheric thinning and mantle upwelling, and modulate tectonic activity. In contrast to contemporary subduction, the simulated localized subduction events are relatively short-lived (less than 10?Myr) with relatively thin, weak plates. We suggest that resurgence in subduction activity induced by an increased impact flux between 4.1 and 4.0 billion years ago may explain the coincident increase in palaeointensity of the magnetic field. We further suggest that transient impact-driven subduction reconciles evidence from Hadean zircons for tectonic activity with other lines of evidence consistent with an Earth that was largely tectonically stagnant from the Hadean into the Archaean.
DS201808-1792
2018
Zhang, S.Tang, S., Su, J., Lu, T., Ma, Y., Ke, J., Song, Z., Zhang, S., Liu, H.A thick overgrowth of CVD synthetic diamond on a natural diamond.Journal of Gemmology, Vol. 36, 2, pp. 134-141.Technologysynthetics

Abstract: In October 2017, a natural diamond overgrown by a thick layer of CVD synthetic diamond was identified at the Beijing laboratory of the National Gemstone Testing Center (NGTC). The round-brilliant-cut sample was near-colourless and weighed 0.11 ct. No sign of the overgrowth was observed with magnification. However, DiamondView images showed a distinct boundary in the pavilion separating layers of different luminescence: The upper layer displayed red fluorescence with greenish blue phosphorescence, while the lower portion showed deep blue fluorescence and no phosphorescence. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that the upper layer was type IIa and the lower portion was type Ia. Ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectroscopy recorded an unusual co-existence of the N3 centre at 415 nm together with absorption due to [Si-V]-defects at 737 nm. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum confirmed a high level of [Si-V]-defects. The approximate thickness of the CVD synthetic layer was ~740 µm, which is much thicker than previously reported for such overgrowths. The presence of the N3 centre in the natural diamond layer caused this sample to be passed as natural by various screening instruments. Luminescence imaging is key to identifying such overgrowths, and should be relied upon more heavily in the screening procedures used by gemmological laboratories in the future.
DS202002-0202
2020
Zhang, S.Lawley, C.J.M., Pearson, G., Waterton, P., Zagorevski, A., Bedard, J.H., Jackson, S.E., Petts, D.C., Kjarsgaard, B.A., Zhang, S., Wright, D.Element and isotopic signature of re-fertilized mantle peridotite as determined by nanopower and olivine LA-ICPMS analyses.Chemical Geology, DOI:101016/ j.chemgeo.2020.119464Mantleperidotite

Abstract: The lithospheric mantle should be depleted in base- and precious-metals as these elements are transferred to the crust during partial melting. However, some melt-depleted mantle peridotites are enriched in these ore-forming elements. This may reflect re-fertilization of the mantle lithosphere and/or sequestering of these elements by residual mantle phase(s). Both processes remain poorly understood because of the low abundances of incompatible elements in peridotite and the nugget-like distribution of digestion-resistant mantle phases that pose analytical challenges for conventional geochemical methods. Herein we report new major and trace element concentrations for a suite of mantle peridotite and pyroxenite samples from the Late Permian to Middle Triassic Nahlin ophiolite (Cache Creek terrane, British Columbia, Canada) using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) analysis of nanoparticulate powders and olivine. Compatible to moderately incompatible element concentrations suggest that Nahlin ophiolite peridotites represent residues after ?20% melt extraction. Pyroxenite dykes and replacive dunite bands are folded and closely intercalated with residual harzburgite. These field relationships, coupled with the presence of intergranular base metal sulphide, clinopyroxene and Cr-spinel at the microscale, point to percolating melts that variably re-fertilized melt-depleted mantle peridotite. Radiogenic Pb (206Pb/204Pb?=?15.402-19.050; 207Pb/204Pb?=?15.127-15.633; 208Pb/204Pb?=?34.980-38.434; n?=?45) and Os (187Os/188Os 0.1143-0.5745; n?=?58) isotope compositions for a subset of melt-depleted peridotite samples further support metasomatic re-fertilization of these elements. Other ore-forming elements are also implicated in these metasomatic reactions because some melt-depleted peridotite samples are enriched relative to the primitive mantle, opposite to their expected behaviour during partial melting. New LA-ICPMS analysis of fresh olivine further demonstrates that a significant proportion of the highly incompatible element budget for the most melt-depleted rocks is either hosted by, and/or occurs as trapped inclusions within, the olivine-rich residues. Trapped phases from past melting and/or re-fertilization events are the preferred explanation for unradiogenic Pb isotope compositions and Paleozoic to Paleoproterozoic Re-depletion model ages, which predate the Nahlin ophiolite by over one billion years.
DS202108-1278
2021
Zhang, S.Ding, J., Zhang, S., Evans, D.A.D., Yang, T., Li, H.North China craton: the conjugate margin for northwestern Laurentia in Rodinia.Geology, Vol. 49, March pp. 773-778.ChinaRodinia

Abstract: In the Rodinia supercontinent, Laurentia is placed at the center because it was flanked by late Neoproterozoic rifted margins; however, the conjugate margin for western Laurentia is still enigmatic. In this study, new paleomagnetic results have been obtained from 15 ca. 775 Ma mafic dikes in eastern Hebei Province, North China craton (NCC). Stepwise thermal demagnetization revealed a high-temperature component, directed northeast or southwest with shallow inclinations, with unblocking temperatures of as high as 580 °C. Rock magnetism suggests the component is carried by single-domain and pseudo-single-domain magnetite grains. Its primary origin is supported by a positive reversal test and regional remanence direction correlation test, and the paleomagnetic pole (29.0°S, 64.7°E, A95 = 5.4°) is not similar to any published younger poles of the NCC. Matching the late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic (ca. 1110-775 Ma) apparent polar wander paths of the NCC and Laurentia suggests that the NCC could have been the conjugate margin for northwestern Laurentia in Rodinia, rather than sitting off the northeast coast of the main Rodinian landmass. Geological data indicate that breakup of the NCC and Laurentia occurred between ca. 775 and 720 Ma.
DS1994-1987
1994
Zhang, S.G.Zhang, S.G., Zvanut, M.E., Vohra, Y.K., Vagarali, S.S.Nitrogen in the isotopically enriched C-12 diamondAppl. Phys. Letters, Vol. 65, No. 23, Dec. 5, pp. 2951-2957.GlobalDiamond morphology, Nitrogen
DS200512-1249
2005
Zhang, S.Q.Zhang, S.Q., Mahoney, J.J., Mo, X.X., Ghazi, A.M., Milani, L., Crawford, A.J., Guo, T.Y., Zhao, Z.D.Evidence for a Wide spread Tethyan upper mantle with Indian - Ocean type isotopic characteristics.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 46, 4, pp. 829-858.Indian OceanGeochronology
DS202009-1658
2020
Zhang, S.X.Shang, S.Y., Tong, Y., Zhang, S.X., Huang, F.L.Study on phase transformation mechanism of various carbon sources in detonation synthesis of diamond.Fullerenes, nanotubes and carbon nanostructures, Vol. 28, 11, pp. 877-885.globalsynthetics

Abstract: In this paper, the phase transformation mechanism of various carbon sources in the synthesis of diamond by direct detonation method was studied. Through designing comparison experiment and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization technique, an experimental study was conducted on the detonation process with the external of the combined carbon source and free carbon source, and without the participation of the external carbon source. The laws of phase transformation of the various carbon sources are obtained, in which the surplus carbon in the explosives participates in the formation of diamonds through the collision growth of droplet-like carbon, the added bonded carbon does not participate in the synthesis of diamond, and the added free carbon forms diamonds through the Martensitic transformation.
DS201810-2392
2018
Zhang, S.Y.Zhang, S.Y., Zhang, H.L., Hou, Z., Ionov, D.A., Huang, F.Rapid determination of trace element compositions in peridotites by LA-ICP-MS using an albite fusion method.Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, doi:10.111/ggr.12240Globalperidotite

Abstract: A rapid sample preparation procedure is described to determine trace element compositions of peridotites using LA?ICP?MS. Peridotite powders were fused with albite in a molybdenum?graphite assembly to obtain homogeneous glasses. Best conditions for the fusion procedure (heating at 1500 to 1550 °C for 10 to 15 min with a sample?to?flux ratio of 1:2) were constrained with melting experiments on two USGS reference materials, PCC?1 and DTS?2B. Mass fractions of first series transition elements, Ba and Pb in quenched glasses of PCC?1 and DTS?2B are consistent with published data within 10% RSD. Three spinel peridotite xenoliths from eastern China were analysed following both our method and conventional solution ICP?MS. Compared with solution ICP?MS, the relative deviations of our method for most elements were within 10%, while for the REE, Ta, Pb, Th and U, were within 20%. In particular, volatile elements (e.g., Pb and Zn) are retained in the glass. Compared with conventional wet chemistry digestion, our method is faster. Additional advantages are complete sample fusion, especially useful for samples with acid?resistant minerals (spinel, rutile), and long?term conservation of glasses allowing unlimited repeated measurements with micro?beam techniques. The same approach can be used for analyses of other mantle rocks, such as eclogites and pyroxenites.
DS201804-0727
2018
Zhang, S.Z.Pell, J., Russell, J.K., Zhang, S.Z.Conodont geothermometry in pyroclastic kimberlite: constraints on emplacement temperatures and cooling histories.Mineralogy and Petrology, in press available 14p.Canada, Nunavut, Baffin Islanddeposit - Chidliak

Abstract: Kimberlite pipes from Chidliak, Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada host surface-derived Paleozoic carbonate xenoliths containing conodonts. Conodonts are phosphatic marine microfossils that experience progressive, cumulative and irreversible colour changes upon heating that are experimentally calibrated as a conodont colour alteration index (CAI). CAI values permit us to estimate the temperatures to which conodont-bearing rocks have been heated. Conodonts have been recovered from 118 samples from 89 carbonate xenoliths collected from 12 of the pipes and CAI values within individual carbonate xenoliths show four types of CAI distributions: (1) CAI values that are uniform throughout the xenolith; (2) lower CAIs in core of a xenolith than the rim; (3) CAIs that increase from one side of the xenolith to the other; and, (4) in one xenolith, higher CAIs in the xenolith core than at the rim. We have used thermal models for post-emplacement conductive cooling of kimberlite pipes and synchronous heating of conodont-bearing xenoliths to establish the temperature-time history of individual xenoliths within the kimberlite bodies. Model results suggest that the time-spans for xenoliths to reach the peak temperatures recorded by CAIs varies from hours for the smallest xenoliths to 2 or 3 years for the largest xenoliths. The thermal modelling shows the first three CAI patterns to be consistent with in situ conductive heating of the xenoliths coupled to the cooling host kimberlite. The fourth pattern remains an anomaly.
DS200612-1594
2006
Zhang, S-B.Zhang, S-B., Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, Z-F., Gao, S., Wu, F-Y.Zircon isotope evidence for >3.5 Ga continental crust in the Yangtze craton of China.Precambrian Research, in press,ChinaCrustal evolution, geochronology
DS200612-1610
2006
Zhang, S-B.Zheng, Y-F., Zhao, Z.F., Wu, Y-B., Zhang, S-B., Liu, X., Wu, F-Y.Zircon U Pb age, Hf and O isotope contraints on protolith origin of ultrahigh pressure eclogite and gneiss in the Dabie Orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 231, 1-2, pp. 135-158.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1185
2007
Zhang, S-B.Wu, Y-B., Zheng, Y-F., Zhang, S-B., Zhao, Z-F., Wu, F-Y., Liu, X-M.Zircon UPb ages and Hf isotope compositions of migmatite from the North Dabie Terrane in China: constraints on partial melting.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 25, 9, pp. 901-1009.ChinaUHP - melting
DS200712-1241
2007
Zhang, S-B.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, A-F., Zhang, S-B.Metamorphic effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Pb isotope systems in eclogite facies metamorphic rocks from the Dabie Orogen.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 88-89.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1242
2007
Zhang, S-B.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, A-F., Zhang, S-B.Metamorphic effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Pb isotope systems in eclogite facies metamorphic rocks from the Dabie Orogen.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 88-89.ChinaUHP
DS201112-0178
2011
Zhang, S-B.Chen, Y.X., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, R-X., Zhang, S-B., Li, Q., Dai, M., Chen, L.Metamorphic growth and recrystallization of zircons in extremely 18 O depleted rocks during eclogite facies metamorphism: evidence from U-Pb ages, trace elements and O-Hf isotopes.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 75, 17, pp. 4877-4898.MantleMetamorphic zircons
DS201708-1797
2017
Zhang, S-B.Zhang, S-B.Oxidation of lithospheric mantle beneath Tanzania by melt reaction.11th. International Kimberlite Conference, PosterAfrica, Tanzaniamelting
DS201912-2838
2019
Zhang, S-B.Zhou, K., Chen, Y-X., Zhang, S-B., Zheng, Y-F.Zircon evidence for the Eoarchean ( ~3.7 Ga) crustal remnant in the Sulu orogen, eastern China.Precambrian Research, Vol. 337, 18p. PdfChinageochemistry

Abstract: Zircon provides one of the best records of the formation and reworking of continental crust in the early Earth. However, Hadean to Eoarchean zircons are relatively scarce worldwide. Here we present the first report of relict Eoarchean magmatic zircons in granitic gneisses from the Sulu Orogen, eastern China. Based on internal structures, trace element contents, and U-Pb ages, we identified four groups of zircon domains with U-Pb ages of?~?3.7?Ga (Group I), ~2.1?Ga (Group II), ~790?Ma (Group III), and?~720?Ma (Group IV). Group I domains exhibit variable Th/U ratios, steep HREE patterns, and negative Eu anomalies. They yield lower intercept U-Pb ages of 1.82-1.95?Ga and discordia upper intercept ages of 3.65-3.69?Ga that are similar to the oldest concordant spot age of 3680?±?29?Ma. This indicates their growth from an Eoarchean magma and reworking during the Paleoproterozoic. The oldest Eoarchean domains with U-Pb ages of 3606?±?28 to 3680?±?29?Ma have low P contents of 216-563?ppm and high (Y?+?REE)/P molar ratios of 1.13-3.34, consistent with an igneous source. They show ?Hf(t) values of -2.8 to -0.9 at 3.67?Ga and TCHUR2 ages of 3.7-4.0?Ga, suggesting the growth of juvenile crust during the early Eoarchean. Group II to IV domains have consistent TDM2 ages of 2.6-3.0?Ga, suggesting that they grew during multiple reworkings of the Archean crust. Group II domains have variable Th/U ratios and steep to flattened HREE patterns that suggest growth during Paleoproterozoic crustal anatexis. Groups III and IV zircon domains have Th/U ratios and trace element contents that indicate growth from magmas that formed during Neoproterozoic continental rifting. In view of the unique feature of Neoproterozoic rifting magmatism in South China, the relict Eoarchean magmatic zircons would have originated in the Yangtze Craton and then undergone multiple phases of reworking during the Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic. The results indicate the presence of?~3.7?Ga relict magmatic zircons in the Sulu Orogen, and they represent the oldest remnants of crustal material in the Yangtze Craton.
DS201703-0441
2017
Zhang, S-H.Zhang, S-H., Zhao, Y., Liu, Y.A precise zircon Th-Pb age of carbonatite sills from the world's largest Bayan Obo deposit: implications for timing and genesis of REE-Nb mineralization.Precambrian Research, Vol. 291, pp. 202-219.ChinaDeposit - Bayan Obo

Abstract: The Bayan Obo in the northern North China Craton (NCC) is the world’s largest light rare earth element (LREE) deposit and is hosted in carbonatite sills emplaced into sedimentary rocks of the Bayan Obo Group. However, the timing and genesis of the Bayan Obo deposit has been highly controversial for many decades. Here we report a precise zircon 208Pb/232Th age of 1301 ± 12 Ma (N = 47, mean square of weighted deviates [MSWD] = 2.2) for a REE-Nb-rich carbonatite sill from the Bayan Obo deposit. Zircon morphology, trace element compositions and mineral inclusions demonstrate that these zircons were crystallized from REE-Nb-rich carbonatitic magmas and their ages represent the timing of carbonatites and REE-Nb mineralization. The newly obtained age of ca. 1.30 Ga is consistent with field observations of the Bayan Obo REE-Nb deposit and successfully explains why the carbonatites and REE-Nb mineralization in the Bayan Obo deposit occurred mainly in the Jianshan Formation and that no carbonatites and REE-Nb mineralization were identified from the rocks overlying the Jianshan Formation. The new results demonstrate that the Bayan Obo REE-Nb deposit is a product of mantle-derived carbonatite magmatism at ca. 1.30 Ga. Field relations show that emplacement of the Bayan Obo carbonatites was accompanied by pre-magmatic uplift that is considered to be related to rift-to-drift transition. The Bayan Obo carbonatites and REE-Nb deposit are spatially and temporally linked with the newly identified 1.33-1.30 Ga Yanliao large igneous province (LIP) in the northern NCC and were related to continental rifting that have led to breakup of the NCC from the Columbia (Nuna) supercontinent.
DS201708-1585
2017
Zhang, S-H.Zhang, S-H., Zhao, Y., Li, Q-L., Zhao-Chu, C., Zhen, Y.First identification of baddleleyite related/linked to contact metamorphism from carbonatites in the world's largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo in north Chin a craton.Lithos, Vol 284, pp. 654-665.Chinacarbonatite, Bayan Obo

Abstract: Baddeleyite has been recognized as a key mineral to determine the crystallization age of silica-undersaturated igneous rocks. Here we report a new occurrence of baddeleyite identified from REE-Nb-Th-rich carbonatite in the world's largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo, in the North China Craton (China). U-Th-Pb dating of three baddeleyite samples yields crystallization ages of 310–270 Ma with the best estimated crystallization age of ca. 280 Ma. These ages are significantly younger than the ca. 1300 Ma Bayan Obo carbonatites, but broadly coeval to nearby Permian granitoids intruding into the carbonatites. Hence, the Bayan Obo baddeleyite did not crystallize from the carbonatitic magma that led to the formation of the Bayan Obo carbonatites and related REE-Nb-Th deposit. Instead, it crystallized from hydrothermal fluids and/or a reaction involving zircon and dolomite during contact metamorphism related to the Permian granitoid emplacement. This is in agreement with the results of electron microprobe analysis that show humite inclusions in baddeleyite, since humite is a typical magnesian skarn mineral and occurs in close proximity to the intrusive contacts between carbonatites and granitoids. Our results show that baddeleyite can be used for dating hydrothermal and contact metamorphic processes.
DS202105-0795
2021
Zhang, S-T.Tang, Li., Wagner, T.,Fusswinkel, T., Zhang, S-T., Xi, B., Jia, L-H., Hu, X-K. Magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of an unusual Mo-rich carbonatite: a case study using LA-ICP-MS fluid inclusion microanalysis and He-Ar isotopes from the Huangshuian deposit, Qinling, China.Mineralium Deposita, 10.1007/s00126 -021-01055-2 18p. PdfChinacarbonatites

Abstract: The Huangshui'an deposit located in East Qinling (China) is an unusual case of a Si-rich carbonatite hosting economic Mo and minor Pb and REE mineralization. The role of mantle-sourced carbonatite melts and fluids in the formation of the Mo mineralization remains poorly understood. Our integrated study based on field geology, petrography, microthermometry, and LA-ICP-MS analysis of single fluid inclusions, and noble gas isotopes of pyrite permits to reconstruct the source characteristics, the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of the carbonatitic fluids, and their controls on Mo mineralization. Fluid inclusions hosted in calcite in the carbonatite dikes have the highest concentrations of Mo (9.9-62 ppm), Ce (820-9700 ppm), Pb (1800-19500 ppm), and Zn (570-5800 ppm) and represent the least modified hydrothermal fluid derived from the carbonatite melt. Fluid inclusions hosted in calcite (Cal) and quartz (Qz2 and Qz3) of the stage I carbonatite dikes have different metal concentrations, suggesting that they formed from two distinct end member fluids. The FIA in calcite represent fluid A evolved from carbonatite melt with relatively high-ore metal concentrations, and those in quartz characterize fluid B having a crustal signature due to metasomatic reactions with the wall rocks. The FIA in quartz (Qz1) within the altered wall rock have overlapping elemental concentrations with those of massive quartz (Qz2) and vuggy quartz (Qz3) in carbonatite. This suggests that the volumetrically significant quartz in the Huangshui'an carbonatite has been formed by the introduction of Si by fluid B. The positive correlations between Rb, B, Al, Cl, and Sr in stage II fluid inclusions in late fluorite + quartz + calcite veins indicate that this late mineralization formed from the mixing of primary hydrothermal fluid B with meteoric water. The He-Ar isotope data, in combination with available C-O-Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data, constrain the carbonatite source as an enriched mantle source modified by contributions from crustal material which was probably the fertile lower crust in the region. This distinct source facilitated the enrichment in Mo, REE, and Pb in the primary carbonatite magma. The carbonatite magmatism and Mo mineralization at 209.5-207 Ma occurred in the regional-scale extensional setting at the postcollision stage of the Qinling Orogenic Belt.
DS202108-1310
2021
Zhang, S-T.Tang, L., Wagner, T., Fusswinkel, T., Zhang, S-T., Xu, B., Jia, L-H.Magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of an unusual Mo-rich carbonatite: a case study using LA-ICP-MS fluid inclusion microanalysis and He-Ar isotopes from the Huanshuiian deposit, Qinling, China.Mineralium Deposita, 18p. PdfChinadeposit - Huanshuian

Abstract: The Huangshui'an deposit located in East Qinling (China) is an unusual case of a Si-rich carbonatite hosting economic Mo and minor Pb and REE mineralization. The role of mantle-sourced carbonatite melts and fluids in the formation of the Mo mineralization remains poorly understood. Our integrated study based on field geology, petrography, microthermometry, and LA-ICP-MS analysis of single fluid inclusions, and noble gas isotopes of pyrite permits to reconstruct the source characteristics, the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of the carbonatitic fluids, and their controls on Mo mineralization. Fluid inclusions hosted in calcite in the carbonatite dikes have the highest concentrations of Mo (9.9-62 ppm), Ce (820-9700 ppm), Pb (1800-19500 ppm), and Zn (570-5800 ppm) and represent the least modified hydrothermal fluid derived from the carbonatite melt. Fluid inclusions hosted in calcite (Cal) and quartz (Qz2 and Qz3) of the stage I carbonatite dikes have different metal concentrations, suggesting that they formed from two distinct end member fluids. The FIA in calcite represent fluid A evolved from carbonatite melt with relatively high-ore metal concentrations, and those in quartz characterize fluid B having a crustal signature due to metasomatic reactions with the wall rocks. The FIA in quartz (Qz1) within the altered wall rock have overlapping elemental concentrations with those of massive quartz (Qz2) and vuggy quartz (Qz3) in carbonatite. This suggests that the volumetrically significant quartz in the Huangshui'an carbonatite has been formed by the introduction of Si by fluid B. The positive correlations between Rb, B, Al, Cl, and Sr in stage II fluid inclusions in late fluorite + quartz + calcite veins indicate that this late mineralization formed from the mixing of primary hydrothermal fluid B with meteoric water. The He-Ar isotope data, in combination with available C-O-Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data, constrain the carbonatite source as an enriched mantle source modified by contributions from crustal material which was probably the fertile lower crust in the region. This distinct source facilitated the enrichment in Mo, REE, and Pb in the primary carbonatite magma. The carbonatite magmatism and Mo mineralization at 209.5-207 Ma occurred in the regional-scale extensional setting at the postcollision stage of the Qinling Orogenic Belt.
DS200512-1258
2005
Zhang, W.Zheng Fu, G., Hertogen, J., Liu, J., Pasteels, A., Boven, L., Punzalan, H., Xiangiun, L., Zhang, W.Potassic magmatism in western Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces, SE Tibet, China: petrological and geochemical constraints on petrogenesis.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 46, 1, pp. 33-78.China, TibetMagmatism
DS200912-0859
2009
Zhang, W.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Liu, G.L., Pearson, N., Zhang, W., Yu, C.M., Su, Tang, ZhaoNeoarchean ( 2.7-2.8 Ga) accretion beneath the North Chin a Craton: U Pn age.trace elemens and hf isotopes of zircons in Diamondiferous kimberlites.Lithos, Vol. 112, 3-4, pp. 188-202.ChinaGeochronology
DS201506-0302
2015
Zhang, W.Zhu, H., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Zhu, Y., Zhu, F., Zhao, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, W., Xu, W.The discovery of diamonds in chromitites of the Hegenshan ophiolite, Inner Mongolia, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 89, 2, pp. 341-350.China, MongoliaChromitite
DS201806-1261
2018
Zhang, W.Zhang, W., Zou, G., Qian, Y.Application of rocking-scan method to detect the low- content diamonds in a complex mixture.Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 85, pp. 1-4.Technologyrocking-scan

Abstract: A method for detecting large-size diamonds with low content in a complex mixture was described. Phase identification via conventional X-ray diffraction method is unsuitable because of the large-size and low-content characteristics of the diamonds. Thus, we proposed a convenient approach (i.e., rocking scan) for assessing the presence of low-content diamonds in a complex mixture. A thorough rocking scan of the (111), (220), and (311) planes revealed the presence of low-content diamonds prepared by reducing dense carbon dioxide with alkali metals. This procedure can be successfully applied to several standard mixture samples prepared by mixing ?-SiO2, ?-Al2O3, graphite, and pure diamond powders, which are commercially available. We estimated that the detection limit was at or below the 0.1?wt% level by using the proposed method under the current condition. This method is straightforward, routinized, and may be specifically developed to satisfy the requirements of public and private institutions for a rapid identification of other mixture phases, of which the large-size and low-content characteristics do not allow an instant phase identification by conventional X-ray diffraction methods.
DS201906-1365
2019
Zhang, W.Zhang, W., Johnston, S.T., Currie, C.A.Kimberlite magmatism induced by west-dipping subduction of the North American plate.Geology, Vol. 47, pp. 395-398.United States, Canadasubduction

Abstract: Kimberlite magmas are volatile-rich, potassic, and ultramafic, and they are host to most of the world’s diamond deposits. A continental-scale kimberlite magmatic belt (the central Cretaceous kimberlite corridor [CCKC]) is found in the interior of the North American continent. Parallel to and coeval with the CCKC, the Cretaceous Omineca magmatic belt (OMB) is located in the Cordilleran orogen. Cordilleran magmatism, including the OMB, is commonly explained through long-lived east-dipping subduction beneath the western margin of the continent. However, this does not explain the temporal and spatial relationships between the OMB and CCKC. We suggest that west-dipping subduction of North American lithosphere beneath the eastern side of the Cordillera explains both. In this model, subduction resulted in arc magmatism of the OMB. The contemporaneous CCKC was formed by extensional stress acting on the continent as it flexed upon entry into the trench. Using a semi-infinite elastic beam model, we show that flexure of a subducting continental plate (elastic thickness = 120 km) produces tensile stresses in the deep continental lithosphere, coincident with the location of the CCKC.
DS201907-1532
2019
Zhang, W.Chen, W., Liu, H-Y,m Jiang, S-Y., Simonetti, A., Xu, C., Zhang, W.The formation of the ore-bearing dolomite marble from the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit, Inner Mongolia: insights from micron-scale geochemical data.Mineralium Deposita, in press available, 16p.Asia, Mongoliadeposit - Bayan Obo

Abstract: The genesis of Earth’s largest rare earth element (REE) deposit, Bayan Obo (China), has been intensely debated, in particular whether the host dolomite marble is of sedimentary or igneous origin. The protracted (Mesoproterozoic to Paleozoic) and intricate (magmatic to metasomatic) geological processes complicate geochemical interpretations. In this study, we present a comprehensive petrographic and in situ, high-spatial resolution Sr-Pb isotopic and geochemical investigation of the host dolomite from the Bayan Obo marble. Based on petrographic evidence, the dolomite marble is divided into three facies including coarse-grained (CM), fine-grained (FM), and heterogeneous marble (HM). All carbonates are ferroan dolomite with high SrO and MnO contents (>?0.15 wt.%), consistent with an igneous origin. Trace element compositions of these dolomites are highly variable both among and within individual samples, with CM dolomite displaying the strongest LREE enrichment. In situ 206Pb/204Pb and 207Pb/204Pb ratios of the dolomite are generally consistent with mantle values. However, initial 208Pb/204Pb ratios define a large range from 35.45 to 39.75, which may result from the incorporation of radiogenic Pb released from decomposition of monazite and/or bastnäsite during Early Paleozoic metasomatism. Moreover, in situ Sr isotope compositions of dolomite indicate a large range (87Sr/86Sr?=?0.70292-0.71363). CM dolomite is characterized by a relatively consistent, unradiogenic Sr isotope composition (87Sr/86Sr?=?0.70295-0.70314), which is typical for Mesoproterozoic mantle. The variation of 87Sr/86Sr ratios together with radiogenic 206Pb/204Pb signatures for dolomite within FM and HM possibly represents recrystallization during Early Paleozoic metasomatism with the contribution of radiogenic Sr and Pb from surrounding host rocks. Therefore, our in situ geochemical data support a Mesoproterozoic igneous origin for the ore-bearing dolomite marble in the Bayan Obo deposit, which subsequently underwent intensive metasomatism during the Early Paleozoic.
DS202103-0426
2021
Zhang, W.Zhou, L., Chai, C., Zhang, W., Song, Y., Zhang, Z., Yang, Y.oI20-carbon: a new superhard carbon allotrope.Diamond & Related Materials, Vol. 113, 108284, 8p. PdfGlobalcarbon

Abstract: A new orthorhombic carbon crystal denoted oI20?carbon possessing the Immm space group was designed. Its structure is formed by stacking of a cage structure, which consists of 32 carbon atoms. Its stability and structural, mechanical and electronic properties were investigated by first-principles simulations. Density functional theory calculations show that this new carbon allotrope is thermodynamically stable (even more stable than synthesized T?carbon and supercubane). Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations show that it can maintain the structure above a temperature of 1000 K, indicating its excellent thermal stability. oI20?carbon can also maintain dynamic stability under a high pressure of 100 GPa. It is an anisotropic superhard material with a Vickers hardness of 46.62 GPa. Notably, the cage structure gives it a low density, which has a really small value among superhard carbon allotropes. In addition, it is worth noting that oI20?carbon has an indirect ultrawide band structure with a bandgap of 4.55 eV (HSE06), which is higher than that of most previously reported superhard carbon allotropes. All these outstanding properties show that it is a potential material for high-temperature, high-frequency electronic devices and the aerospace industry.
DS202107-1147
2021
Zhang, W.Zhang, W., Chen, H-K, Li, J-H., Chen, W.T., Zhang, X-C.Composition of ore-forming fluids in the Huangshuian carbonatite-related Mo-(REE) deposit: insights from LA-ICP-MS analyses of fluid inclusions.Ore Geology Reviews, doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104284 11p. PdfChinaREE

Abstract: The carbonatites in the southern margin of the North China Craton are distinguishable by containing abundant quartz and are closely spatially associated with Mo-(REE) deposits. Unveiling the nature of ore-forming fluids is key to understand the genesis of these Mo-(REE) deposits and to explore their potential genetic relationships with the quartz-rich carbonatites, but such issues were currently not convincingly addressed. Here, we provide detailed petrographic, microthermometric and LA-ICP-MS analyses of the fluid inclusions hosted in the primary quartz from the carbonatites in the Huangshuian Mo-(REE) deposit which is the largest Mo-(REE) one in the region, containing 0.4 million tons of Mo metal with REEs as the major by-product. Our results show that the fluid inclusions in the quartz of the carbonatites are two- and three-phase CO2-bearing types with high homogenization temperatures (average at 396 °C) and low salinities (average at 3.88 wt% NaCl equiv). The LA-ICP-MS analyses of these inclusions reveal that the primary fluids contain high concentrations of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sr, and Ba, similar to typical carbonatite-related fluids. In addition, they are characterized by high Y, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Such a metal association is broadly consistent with the mineral assemblages of the Huangshuian Mo-(REE) deposit, such as the widespread barite, bastnäsite, xenotime, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite, strongly supporting the close genetic relation of the deposit with the quartz-rich carbonatites. Although the concentrations of Mo are extremely low in these inclusions (below the detect limit), it was constrained to be gradually enriched in evolved fluids. Considering that the recorded fluids in quartz represent earliest generation of fluids exsolved from carbonatite magmas, our new results highlight that quantifying metal budgets of fluid inclusions could be a robust way to evaluate fertility of carbonatites that are widespread in the southern margin of the North China Craton.
DS202111-1774
2021
Zhang, W.Ma, R-L., Chen, W.T., Zhang, W., Chen, Y-W.Hydrothermal upgrading as an important tool for the REE mineralization in the Miaoya carbonatite - syenite complex, central China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 106, pp. 1690-1703.Chinadeposit - Miaoya

Abstract: Secondary hydrothermal reworking of REEs has been widely documented in carbonatites/alkaline rocks, but its potential role in the REE mineralization associated with these rocks is currently poorly understood. This study conducted a combined textural and in situ chemical investigation on the REE mineralization in the ~430 Ma Miaoya carbonatite-syenite complex, central China. Our study shows that the REE mineralization, dated at ~220 Ma, is characterized by a close association of REE minerals (monazite and/or bastnäsite) with pervasive carbonatization overprinting the carbonatites and syenites. In these carbonatites and syenites, both the apatite and calcite, which are the dominant magmatic REE-bearing minerals, exhibit complicated internal textures that are generally composed of BSE-bright and BSE-dark domains. Under BSE imaging, the former domains are homogeneous and free of pores or mineral inclusions, whereas the latter have a high porosity and inclusions of monazite and/or bastnäsite. In situ chemical analyses show that the BSE-dark domains of the apatite and calcite have light REE concentrations and (La/Yb)N values much lower than the BSE-bright areas. These features are similar to those observed in metasomatized apatite from mineral-fluid reaction experiments, thus indicating that the BSE-dark domains formed from primary precursors (i.e., represented by the BSE-bright domains) through a fluid-aided, dissolution-reprecipitation process during which the primary light REEs are hydrothermally remobilized. New, in situ Sr-Nd isotopic results of apatite and various REE minerals, in combination with mass balance calculations, strongly suggest that the remobilized REEs are responsible for the subsequent hydrothermal REE mineralization in the Miaoya complex. Investigations of fluid inclusions show that the fluids responsible for the REE mobilization and mineralization are CO2-rich, with medium temperatures (227-340 °C) and low salinities (1.42-8.82 wt‰). Such a feature, in combination with C-O isotopic data, indicates that the causative fluids are likely co-genetic with fluids from coeval orogenic Au-Ag deposits (220-200 Ma) in the same tectonic unit. Our new findings provide strong evidence that the late hydrothermal upgrading of early cumulated REEs under certain conditions could also be an important tool for REE mineralization in carbonatites, particularly for those present in convergent belts where faults (facilitating fluid migration) and hydrothermal fluids are extensively developed.
DS202111-1787
2021
Zhang, W.Su, J-H., Zhao, X-F., Li, X-C., Su, Z-K., Liu, R., Qin, Z-J., Chen, W.T., Zhang, W., Chen, Y-W.Fingerprinting REE mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization history of the carbonatite-alkaline complexes, central China: constraints from in situ elemental and isotopic analyses of phosphate minerals.American Mineralogist, Vol. 106, pp. 1545-1558.ChinaREE

Abstract: Carbonatites and related alkaline rocks host most REE resources. Phosphate minerals, e.g., apatite and monazite, commonly occur as the main REE-host in carbonatites and have been used for tracing magmatic and mineralization processes. Many carbonatite intrusions undergo metamorphic and/or metasomatic modification after emplacement; however, the effects of such secondary events are controversial. In this study, the Miaoya and Shaxiongdong carbonatite-alkaline complexes, in the South Qinling Belt of Central China, are selected to unravel their magmatic and hydrothermal remobilization histories. Both the complexes are accompanied by Nb-REE mineralization and contain apatite and monazite-(Ce) as the major REE carriers. Apatite grains from the two complexes commonly show typical replacement textures related to fluid metasomatism, due to coupled dissolution-reprecipitation. The altered apatite domains, which contain abundant monazite-(Ce) inclusions or are locally surrounded by fine-grained monazite-(Ce), have average REE concentrations lower than primary apatite. These monazite-(Ce) inclusions and fine-grained monazite-(Ce) grains are proposed to have formed by the leaching REE from primary apatite grains during fluid metasomatism. A second type of monazite-(Ce), not spatially associated with apatite, shows porous textures and zoning under BSE imaging. Spot analyses of these monazite-(Ce) grains have variable U-Th-Pb ages of 210-410 Ma and show a peak age of 230 Ma, which is significantly younger than the emplacement age (440-430 Ma) but is roughly synchronous with a regionally metamorphic event related to the collision between the North China Craton and Yangtze Block along the Mianlue suture. However, in situ LA-MC-ICP-MS analyses of those grains show that they have initial Nd values same as those of magmatic apatite and whole rock. We suggest these monazite-(Ce) grains crystallized from the early Silurian carbonatites and have been partially or fully modified during a Triassic metamorphic event, partially resetting U-Pb ages over a wide range. Mass-balance calculations, based on mass proportions and the REE contents of monazite-(Ce) and apatite, demonstrate that the quantity of metasomatized early Silurian monazite-(Ce) is far higher than the proportion of monazite-(Ce) resulting from the metasomatic alteration of the apatite. Therefore, Triassic metamorphic events largely reset the U-Th-Pb isotopic system of the primary monazite-(Ce) and apatite but only had limited or local effects on REE remobilization in the carbonatite-alkaline complexes in the South Qinling Belt. Such scenarios may be widely applicable for other carbonatite and hydrothermal systems.
DS202204-0547
2022
Zhang, W.Zhang, W., Mei, T., li, B., Yang, L., Du, S., Miao, Y., Chu, H.Effect of current density and agitation modes on the structural and corrosion behavior of Ni/diamond composite coatings. Nanoparticles ( nickel)Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Vol. 12, pp. 1473-1485.Chinananodiamonds

Abstract: In this work, Ni/diamond composite coatings have been synthesized by electrodeposition in direct current mode. The effects of mechanical and ultrasonic agitations on the microstructural, surface characteristics and electrochemical properties have been comparatively investigated by various methods. Results show that diamond nanoparticles have been evenly dispersed in Ni metallic matrix, which could reinforce their performances. The coatings prepared under ultrasonic and mechanical agitation both exhibit compact, dense and hill-valley like morphology with pyramid-like nickel crystallite grains. The relative texture coefficient (RTC) values show that the preferred orientation of the Ni/diamond coating was (200) texture. From 3 to 5 A dm?2, the crystallite sizes of ultrasonic conditions were 59.2-81.7 nm, which were smaller than 76.3-83.2 nm of magnetic agitations. The average roughness (Ra = 78.9-133 nm) of ultrasonic-assisted coatings were lower than 103-139 nm of magnetic conditions. The mechanism of the co-electrodeposition process was proposed. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results illustrate that the ultrasonic-assisted electrodeposited Ni/diamond coating has better corrosion resistance than that prepared under mechanical stirring conditions. The Ni/diamond composite coatings could be applied as protective materials in harsh mediums.
DS1992-0968
1992
Zhang, X.Luttinen, A.V., Zhang, X., Foland, K.A.159 Ma Kjakebeinet lamproites ( Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica) and theirGeological Magazine, Vol. 139, 5, pp. 525-39.Antarctica, Dronning Maud LandLamproites, Tectonics
DS2003-1476
2003
Zhang, X.Wilde, S.A., Wu, F., Zhang, X.Late Pan-african magmatism in northeastern China: SHRIMP U Pb zircon evidencePrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.311-27.ChinaMagmatism
DS200412-2113
2003
Zhang, X.Wilde, S.A., Wu, F., Zhang, X.Late Pan-african magmatism in northeastern China: SHRIMP U Pb zircon evidence from granitoids in the Jiamusi Massif.Precambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.311-27.ChinaMagmatism
DS200512-0413
2004
Zhang, X.Hearn, T.M., Wang, S., Ni, J.F., Xu, Z., Yu,Y., Zhang, X.Uppermost mantle velocities beneath Chin a and surrounding regions.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, 11, DOI 10:1029/2003 JB002874ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200812-1316
2008
Zhang, X.Zhang, Z., Zhang, X., Badal, J.Composition of the crust beneath southeastern Chin a derived from an integrated geophysical set.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, B4, B04417ChinaGeophysics
DS200912-0834
2009
Zhang, X.Yang, X-Y., Sun, W-D., Zhang, X., Zheng, Y-F.Geochemical constraints on the genesis of the Bayan Obo Fe Nb REE deposit in the Inner Mongolia, China.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, 5, March 1, pp. 1417-1436.China, MongoliaCarbonatite
DS201811-2621
2018
Zhang, X.Yang, H., Xiao, J., Yao, Z., Zhang, X., Younus, F., Melnik, R., Wen, B.Homogeneous and heterogenous dislocation nucleation in diamond.Diamond & Related Materials, Vol. 88, pp. 110-117.Mantlediamond morphology

Abstract: Dislocation nucleation plays a key role in plastic deformation of diamond crystal. In this paper, homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation nature for diamond glide set dislocation and shuffle set dislocation is studied by combining molecular dynamics method and continuum mechanics models. Our results show that although heterogeneous dislocation nucleation can decrease its activation energy, the activation energy at 0?GPa for diamond heterogeneous nucleation is still in the range of 100?eV. For glide set and shuffle set homogeneous nucleation, their critical nucleation shear stress approaches to diamond's ideal shear strength which implies that those dislocations do not nucleate before diamond structural instability only by a purely shearing manner. While for glide set and shuffle set heterogeneous nucleation, their critical nucleation shear stresses are 28.9?GPa and 48.2?GPa, these values are less than diamond's ideal shear strength which implies that these dislocations may be nucleated heterogeneously under certain shear stress condition. In addition, our results also indicate there exists a deformation mode transformation for diamond deformation behavior at strain rate of 10?3/s. Our results provide a new insight into diamond dislocation nucleation and deformation.
DS201908-1818
2019
Zhang, X.Timmerman, S., Honda, M., Zhang, X., Jaques, A.L., Bulanova, G., Smith, C.B., Burnham, A.D.Contrasting noble gas compositions of peridotitic and eclogitic monocrystalline diamonds from the Argyle lamproite, Western Australia.Lithos, Vol. 344-345, pp. 193-206.Australiadeposit - Argyle

Abstract: He-Ne-Ar compositions were determined in diamonds from the Argyle lamproite, Western Australia, to assess whether subducted material affects the noble gas budget and composition of stable old sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). Twenty diamonds (both peridotitic and eclogitic) were characterized for their carbon isotopic compositions and N abundance and aggregation from which 10 eclogitic growth zones and 5 peridotitic growth zones were analysed for their He-Ne-Ar compositions. The eclogitic diamonds have ?13C values of ?4.7 to ?16.6‰ indicating a subduction signature, whereas the peridotitic diamonds have mantle-like compositions of ?4.0 to ?7.8‰. Mantle residence temperatures based on N-in-diamond thermometry showed that the eclogitic diamonds were mainly formed at 1260-1270?°C or above 1300?°C near the base of the lithosphere, whereas the peridotitic diamonds generally formed at lower temperatures (mostly 1135-1230?°C). A noble gas subduction signature is present to various extents in the eclogitic diamonds and is inferred from a hyperbolic mixing relationship between R/Ra and 4He and ?13C values concentrations with a predominance of low R/Ra values (<0.5; R/Ra?=?3He/4Hesample/3He/4Heair). In addition, low 40Ar/4He and 40Ar/36Ar ratios, high nucleogenic 21Ne/4He and low 3He/22Ne ratios are characteristic of subducted material and were found in the eclogitic diamonds. The peridotitic diamonds show generally higher R/Ra values (median 1.1?±?1.1) and lower 4He/40Ar ratios compared to eclogitic diamonds (median 0.1?±?0.8 R/Ra; with 7/10 samples having an average of 0.13?±?0.14 R/Ra). The studied peridotitic diamond growth zones showed a negative correlation between R/Ra and 4He concentrations over 2 orders of magnitude and limited variation in 3He, that can be largely explained by radiogenic 4He ingrowth. At low 4He concentrations the R/Ra value is around 2.8 for both paragenesis of diamonds and is significantly lower than present-day SCLM values, suggesting (1) a more radiogenic helium isotope composition beneath the Halls Creek Orogen than those for typical SCLM from other cratons and/or (2) that the peridotitic diamonds are formed from fluids that also had a subduction input. The high mantle residence temperature and low R/Ra value in the core and low temperature and higher R/Ra value in the rim of a single peridotitic diamond indicate multiple growth events and that part of the lherzolitic diamond population may be genetically related to the eclogitic diamonds. Combining the diamond mantle residence temperatures with noble gas compositions shows that noble gas subduction signatures are present at the base of the lithosphere below 180?km depth beneath Argyle and that fluid migration and interaction with the SCLM occurred over scales of at least 15?km, between 180 and 165?km depth.
DS2003-0248
2003
Zhang, X.D.Chen, J.F., Xie, Z., Li, H.M., Zhang, X.D., Zhou, T.X., Park, Ahn, Chen, ZhangU Pb zircon ages for a collision related K rich complex at Shidao in the Sulu ultrahighGeochemical Journal, Vol. 37, pp. 35-46.ChinaBlank
DS200412-0319
2003
Zhang, X.D.Chen, J.F., Xie, Z., Li, H.M., Zhang, X.D., Zhou, T.X., Park, Ahn, Chen, ZhangU Pb zircon ages for a collision related K rich complex at Shidao in the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane, China.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 37, pp. 35-46.ChinaUHP, shoshonites
DS201312-0810
2013
Zhang, X.R.Shi, R.D., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, X.R., Huang, Q.S., Gong, X.H., Ding, L.Geodynamic constraints on the recycling of ancient SCLM and genesis of Tibetan Diamondiferous ophiolites.Goldschmidt 2013, 1p. AbstractAsia, TibetOphiolites
DS201312-0811
2013
Zhang, X.R.Shi, R.D., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, X.R., Huang, Q.S., Gong, X.H., Ding, L.Recycling of ancient SCLM and genesis of Tibetan Diamondiferous ophiolites.Goldschmidt 2013, AbstractAsia, TibetOphiolites
DS1996-1600
1996
Zhang, X.X.Zhang, X.X.Large scale structures in the magnetosphere: exogenous or endogenous inorigin.Geophysical Research. Letters, Vol. 23, No. 1, Jan. pp. 105-?MantleStructure, Geophysics -magnetics
DS202107-1147
2021
Zhang, X-C.Zhang, W., Chen, H-K, Li, J-H., Chen, W.T., Zhang, X-C.Composition of ore-forming fluids in the Huangshuian carbonatite-related Mo-(REE) deposit: insights from LA-ICP-MS analyses of fluid inclusions.Ore Geology Reviews, doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104284 11p. PdfChinaREE

Abstract: The carbonatites in the southern margin of the North China Craton are distinguishable by containing abundant quartz and are closely spatially associated with Mo-(REE) deposits. Unveiling the nature of ore-forming fluids is key to understand the genesis of these Mo-(REE) deposits and to explore their potential genetic relationships with the quartz-rich carbonatites, but such issues were currently not convincingly addressed. Here, we provide detailed petrographic, microthermometric and LA-ICP-MS analyses of the fluid inclusions hosted in the primary quartz from the carbonatites in the Huangshuian Mo-(REE) deposit which is the largest Mo-(REE) one in the region, containing 0.4 million tons of Mo metal with REEs as the major by-product. Our results show that the fluid inclusions in the quartz of the carbonatites are two- and three-phase CO2-bearing types with high homogenization temperatures (average at 396 °C) and low salinities (average at 3.88 wt% NaCl equiv). The LA-ICP-MS analyses of these inclusions reveal that the primary fluids contain high concentrations of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sr, and Ba, similar to typical carbonatite-related fluids. In addition, they are characterized by high Y, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Such a metal association is broadly consistent with the mineral assemblages of the Huangshuian Mo-(REE) deposit, such as the widespread barite, bastnäsite, xenotime, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite, strongly supporting the close genetic relation of the deposit with the quartz-rich carbonatites. Although the concentrations of Mo are extremely low in these inclusions (below the detect limit), it was constrained to be gradually enriched in evolved fluids. Considering that the recorded fluids in quartz represent earliest generation of fluids exsolved from carbonatite magmas, our new results highlight that quantifying metal budgets of fluid inclusions could be a robust way to evaluate fertility of carbonatites that are widespread in the southern margin of the North China Craton.
DS1992-0027
1992
Zhang, Y.Anderson, D.L., Zhang, Y., Tanimoto, T.Plume heads, continental lithosphere, flood basalts and tomographyStorey ed. Geological Society of London Special Paper, No. 68, pp. 99-124.MantleHot spots, plumes, volcanism.
DS1996-1503
1996
Zhang, Y.Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Essene, E.J.Diffusion of the hydrous component in pyropeAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 81, pp. 706-18.GlobalMineralogy - garnets
DS1996-1601
1996
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y., Wan, H., Xu, C.The characteristics of the extrusive carbonatite in Guantian area WudingCounty, Yunnan Province.International Geological Congress 30th Session Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 2, p. 398.ChinaCarbonatite
DS1997-1301
1997
Zhang, Y.Zhao, D., Essene, E.J., Zhang, Y., Hall, C.M., Wang, L.Newly discovered kimberlites and mantle xenoliths from Somerset Island and Brodeur Peninsula: pressure, tempnorthwest Territories Geology Division, DIAND., EGS 199-05, $ 5.50Northwest Territories, Somerset Island, Brodeur PeninsulaGeochronology, oxygen fugacity, volatile content
DS1998-1628
1998
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y.The young age of the earthGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 62, No. 18, pp. 3185-9.MantleGeochronology, Xe closure age
DS1998-1629
1998
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y.Mechanical equilibration temperatures in inclusion host system7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 995-7.MantleMineral inclusions, Geothermometry
DS1998-1630
1998
Zhang, Y.Zhao, D., Essene, E.J., Zhang, Y., Pell, J.A.Mantle xenoliths from the Nikos kimberlites on Somerset Island and the Zulu kimberlites on Brodeur Peninsula.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 998-1000.Northwest Territories, Somerset Island, Brodeur PeninsulaXenoliths, mineral chemistry, Deposit - Nikos, Zulu
DS1999-0779
1999
Zhang, Y.Wang, L., Essene, E.J., Zhang, Y.Mineral inclusions in pyrope crystals from Garnet Ridge: implications for processes in upper mantle.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 135, No. 2-3, pp. 164-178.ArizonaMineralogy, Deposit - Garnet Ridge area
DS1999-0830
1999
Zhang, Y.Zhao, D., Essene, E.J., Zhang, Y.An oxygen barometer for rutile ilmenite assemblages: oxidation state Of metasomatic agents in the mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 166, 3-4, Mar.15, pp.127-37.MantleIlmenite, Metasomatism
DS2002-0499
2002
Zhang, Y.Gao, S.S., Liu, K.H., Chen, C., Hubbard, M., Zachary, J., Zhang, Y.Old rifts never die: crustal thickening across the Midcontinent rift and its possible role in post rifting tectonics.Geological Society of America Annual Meeting Oct. 27-30, Abstract p. 79.AppalachiaTectonics - rifts
DS2002-1783
2002
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y.The age and accretion of the earthEarth Science Reviews, Vol. 59, 1-4, Nov. pp. 235-63.EarthDifferentiation, core formation, xenon, geochronology
DS2002-1784
2002
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y.The age and accretion of the EarthEarth Science Reviews, Vol. 59, 1-4, Nov. pp. 235-63.EarthGeochronology
DS2003-0832
2003
Zhang, Y.Liu, K.H., Gao, S.S., Silver, P.G., Zhang, Y.Mantle layering across central South AmericaJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, B11, 2510 DOI. 1029/2002JB002208Brazil, South AmericaGeophysics - seismics, discontinuity, depth, Nazca, sub
DS2003-0846
2003
Zhang, Y.Low, Z., Chen, Q., Wang, W., Qian, Y., Zhang, Y.Growth of large diamond crystals by reduction of magnesium carbonate with metallicAngewandte Chemie, GlobalBlank
DS200412-1159
2003
Zhang, Y.Liu, K.H.,Gao, S.S., Silver, P.G., Zhang, Y.Mantle layering across central South America.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, B11, ESE 9 10.1029/2003 JB002208South America, MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-1179
2003
Zhang, Y.Low, Z., Chen, Q., Wang, W., Qian, Y., Zhang, Y.Growth of large diamond crystals by reduction of magnesium carbonate with metallic sodium.Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 165, 37, Sept. 29, pp. 4639-41.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS200512-1250
2005
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y.Global tectonic and climatic control of mean elevation of continents, and Phanerozoic Sea Level change.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 237, 3-4, pp. 524-531.MantleGeomorphology, climates
DS200612-0818
2005
Zhang, Y.Lin, G., Zhang, Y., Guo, F., Wang, Y., Fan, W.Numerical modeling of lithosphere evolution in the North Chin a craton; thermal versus tectonic thinning.Journal of Geodynamics, Vol. 40, 1, pp. 92-103.ChinaTectonics
DS200612-1130
2006
Zhang, Y.Ratschbacher, L., Franz, L., Enkelmann, E., Jonckheere, R., Porschke, A., Hacker, B.R., Dong, S., Zhang, Y.The Sino-Korean Yangtze suture, the Huwan detachment and the Paleozoic Tertiary exhumation of ultra high pressure rocks along the Tongbai Xinxian Dabie Mtns.Geological Society of America, Special Paper, No. 403, pp. 45-76.ChinaUHP
DS200812-1314
2008
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y., Bi, H., Yu, L., Sun, S., Qui, J., Xu, C., Wang, H., Wang, R.Evidence for metasomatic mantle carbonatitic magma extrusion in Mesoproterozoic ore hosting dolomite rocks in the middle Kunyang rift, central Yunnan China.Progress in Natural Science, Vol. 18, 8, pp. 965-974.ChinaCarbonatite
DS200812-1315
2007
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y., Xu, M., Zhu, M., Wang, H.Silicate melt properties and volcanic eruptions.Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 45, RG 4004MantleMagmatism
DS200912-0563
2009
Zhang, Y.Pan, Z., Sun, H., Zhang, Y., Chen, C.Harder than diamond: superior indentation strength of wurtzite BN and lonsdaleite.Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, 5, 05503TechnologyLonsdaleite
DS201112-0593
2011
Zhang, Y.Li, L-M., Sun, M., Wang, Y., Xing, G., Zhao, G., Cai, K., Zhang, Y.Geochronological and geochemical study of Paleproterozoic gneissic granites and clinopyroxenite xenolths from NW Fujian: implications for crustal evol.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 41, 2, pp. 204-212.ChinaMagmatism - not specific to diamonds
DS201412-1026
2014
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y.Quantification of the elemental incompatibility sequence, and composition of the "superchondritic" mantle.Chemical Geology, Vol. 369, pp. 12-21.MantleChemistry
DS201412-1028
2015
Zhang, Y.Zhao, D., Zhang, Y., Essene, E.J.Electron probe microanalysis and microscopy: principles and applications in characterization of mineral inclusions in chromite from diamond deposit.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 65, 4, pp. 733-748.ChinaDeposit - Wafangdian
DS201510-1818
2015
Zhang, Y.Zhao, D., Zhang, Y., Essene, E.J., Wang, R.Electron probe microanalysis and microscopy: principles and applications in characterization of mineral inclusions in chromite from diamond deposit.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 65, pt. 4, pp. 733-748.ChinaDeposit - Wafangdian

Abstract: Electron probe microanalysis and microscopy is a widely used modern analytical technique primarily for quantifying chemical compositions of solid materials and for mapping or imaging elemental distributions or surface morphology of samples at micrometer or nanometer-scale. This technique uses an electromagnetic lens-focused electron beam, generated from an electron gun, to bombard a sample. When the electron beam interacts with the sample, signals such as secondary electron, backscattered electron and characteristic X-ray are generated from the interaction volume. These signals are then examined by detectors to acquire chemical and imaging information of the sample. A unique part of an electron probe is that it is equipped with multiple WDS spectrometers of X-ray and each spectrometer with multiple diffracting crystals in order to analyze multiple elements simultaneously. An electron probe is capable of analyzing almost all elements (from Be to U) with a spatial resolution at or below micrometer scale and a detection limit down to a few ppm. Mineral inclusions in chromite from the Wafangdian kimberlite, Liaoning Province, China were used to demonstrate the applications of electron probe microanalysis and microscopy technique in characterizing minerals associated with ore deposits, specifically, in this paper, minerals associated with diamond deposit. Chemical analysis and SE and BSE imaging show that mineral inclusions in chromite include anhydrous silicates, hydrous silicates, carbonates, and sulfides, occurring as discrete or single mineral inclusions or composite multiple mineral inclusions. The chromite–olivine pair poses a serious problem in analysis of Cr in olivine using electron probe. Secondary fluorescence of Cr in chromite by Fe in olivine drastically increases the apparent Cr2O3 content of an olivine inclusion in a chromite. From the chemical compositions obtained using electron probe, formation temperatures and pressures of chromite and its mineral inclusions calculated using applicable geothermobarometers are from 46 kbar and 980 °C to 53 kbar and 1130 °C, which are within the stability field of diamond, thus Cr-rich chromite is a useful indication mineral for exploration of kimberlite and diamond deposit. A composite inclusion in chromite composed of silicate and carbonate minerals has a bulk composition of 33.2 wt.% SiO2, 2.5 wt.% Al2O3, 22.0 wt.% MgO, 7.5 wt.% CaO, 2.5 wt.% BaO, 0.8 wt.% K2O, 25.5 wt.% CO2, and 0.8 wt.% H2O, similar to the chemical composition of the Wafangdian kimberlite, suggesting that it is trapped kimberlitic magma.
DS201607-1322
2016
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y., Wu, Y., Wang, C., Zhu, L., Jin, Z.Experimental constraints on the fate of subducted upper continental crust beyond the depth of no return.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 186, pp. 207-225.MantleSubduction, melting

Abstract: The subducted continental crust material will be gravitationally trapped in the deep mantle after having been transported to depths of greater than ?250 -300 km (the “depth of no return”). However, little is known about the status of this trapped continental material as well as its contribution to the mantle heterogeneity after achieving thermal equilibrium with the surrounding mantle. Here, we conduct an experimental study over pressure and temperature ranges of 9 -16 GPa and 1300 -1800 °C to constrain the fate of these trapped upper continental crust (UCC). The experimental results show that partial melting will occur in the subducted UCC along normal mantle geotherm to produce K-rich melt. The residual phases composed of coesite/stishovite + clinopyroxene + kyanite in the upper mantle, and stishovite + clinopyroxene + K-hollandite + garnet + CAS-phase in the mantle transition zone (MTZ), respectively. The residual phases achieve densities greater than the surrounding mantle, which provides a driving force for descent across the 410-km seismic discontinuity into the MTZ. However, this density relationship is reversed at the base of the MTZ, leaving the descended residues to be accumulated above the 660-km seismic discontinuity and may contribute to the “second continent”. The melt is ?0.6 -0.7 g/cm3 less dense than the surrounding mantle, which provides a buoyancy force for ascent of melt to shallow depths. The ascending melt, which preserves a significant portion of the bulk-rock rare earth elements (REEs), large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), and high-filed strength elements (HFSEs), may react with the surrounding mantle. Re-melting of the metasomatized mantle may contribute to the origin of the “enriched mantle sources” (EM-sources). Therefore, the deep subducted continental crust may create geochemical/geophysical heterogeneity in Earth’s interior through subduction, stagnation, partial melting and melt segregation.
DS201709-1978
2017
Zhang, Y.Deng, X., Qui, Z., Wang, Q., Zhang, Y.Kyanite inclusions in eclogitic macrodiamond from Hunan placer diamond deposit.Goldschmidt Conference, abstract 1p.Chinadeposit, Hunan
DS201808-1744
2018
Zhang, Y.Fu, S., Yang, J., Zhang, Y., Okuschi, T., McCammon, C., Kim, H-I., Lee, S.K., Lin, J-F.Abnormal elasticity of Fe bearing bridgmanite in the Earth's lower mantle.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, 10, pp. 4725-4732.Mantlebridgmanite

Abstract: Seismic heterogeneities in the Earth's lower mantle have been attributed to thermal and/or chemical variations of constituent minerals. Bridgmanite is the most abundant lower?mantle mineral and contains Fe and Al in its structure. Knowing the effect of Fe on compressional and shear wave velocities (VP, VS) and density of bridgmanite at relevant pressure?temperature conditions can help to understand seismic heterogeneities in the region. However, experimental studies on both VP and VS of Fe?bearing bridgmanite have been limited to pressures below 40 GPa. In this study, VP and VS of Fe?bearing bridgmanite were measured up to 70 GPa in the diamond anvil cell. We observed drastic softening of VP by ~6(±1)% at 42.6-58 GPa and increased VS at pressures above 40 GPa. We interpret these observations as due to a spin transition of Fe3+. These observations are different to previous views on the effect of Fe on seismic velocities of bridgmanite. We propose that the abnormal sound velocities of Fe?bearing bridgmanite could help to explain the seismically observed low correlation between VP and VS in the mid?lower mantle. Our results challenge existing models of Fe enrichment to explain the origin of Large Low Shear Velocity provinces in the lowermost mantle.
DS201906-1318
2019
Zhang, Y.Liu, Z., Liu, L., Huang, M., Fei, H., Zhou, J., Zhang, Y., Hao, Z.New progress in deep Earth exploration and application. Overview of conferenceActa Geologica Sinica, Vol. 93, 2, pp. 499-501. in ENGChinageodynamics
DS201909-2110
2019
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y., Wang, C., Zhu, L., Jin, Z., Li, W.Partial melting of mixed sediment-peridotite mantle source and its implications.Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 124, 7, pp. 6490-6503.Mantleperidotite

Abstract: Subducted sediments play an important role in the transport of incompatible elements back into the Earth's mantle. In recent years, studies of volcanic rocks from Samoan (Jackson et al., 2007, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06048), NE China (Wang, Chen, et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.02.028), and Gaussberg, Antarctica (Murphy et al., 2002, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/43.6.981), have shown geochemical records of a sediment?influenced mantle source from the deep Earth. However, experimental studies on the partial melting behavior of mixed sediment?peridotite mantle beyond subarc depths are very rare. In this study, we conducted experiments to investigate the partial melting behavior of mixed sediment?peridotite mantle at 4-15 GPa and 1200-1800 °C. The experimental solidi of mixed sediment?peridotite and K?feldspar?peridotite systems (Mixes A and B) cross the hot mantle geotherm at depths of around the X discontinuity (seismic discontinuity, ~300?km depth). The trace element compositions of the corresponding partial melts in Mix A showed similar characteristics to those of the Samoan basaltic lavas, potassic basalts from NE China, and Gaussberg lamproites. Therefore, the experimental results provide a possible explanation for the origin of some unusual mantle?derived volcanic rocks that contain recycled sediment signatures and have very deep origins. At depths of ~300 km (X discontinuity), a mixed sediment?peridotite source was heated by a hot?upwelling mantle and produced enriched melt. The enriched melt may interact with the surrounding mantle before incorporated into the upwelling mantle plume and becoming involved in the origin of some volcanic rocks. The experiments also provide a possible link between the enriched?mantle source in the deep mantle and the X discontinuity.
DS202001-0019
2019
Zhang, Y.Huang, Z., Yuan, C., Long, X., Zhang, Y., Du, L.From breakup of Nuna to assembly of Rodinia: a link between the Chinese central Tianshen block and Fennoscandia.Tectonics, Doi.org/10.1029/ 2018TC005471China, Europe, Fennoscandiageochronology

Abstract: The transition from breakup of Nuna (or Columbia, 2.0-1.6 Ga) to assembly of Rodinia (1.0-0.9 Ga) is investigated by means of U?Pb and Lu?Hf data of detrital zircons from three Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the Central Tianshan Block (CTB), NW China. These data yield six age peaks around 1.0, 1.13, 1.34, 1.4-1.6, 1.75, and 2.6 Ga. Few zircons are detected between 2.0 and 2.5 Ga. The Paleoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic detrital zircons have Hf isotopic compositions (?22.1 to +13.0) similar to those of coeval magmatic rocks in the CTB, indicating a proximal provenance. These results, together with the geological evidence and the presence of 1.4 Ga orogenic granitoids in the CTB, rule out most cratons as the CTB sources but support a Fennoscandia ancestry. Zircon U?Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions from the CTB and Fennoscandia suggest that from 1.8 to 1.4 Ga, the ?Hf(t) values increased toward more positive values, consistent with an exterior orogen characteristic that the lower crust was replaced by a juvenile arc crust. In contrast, from 1.4 to 0.9 Ga, zircon ?Hf(t) values decreased to more negative values, reflecting an interior orogen, characterized by enhanced contribution of recycled crustal material from collided continental fragments. This marked shift most likely reflected a transition from breakup of Nuna to assembly of Rodinia, accomplished by a transformation from an exterior orogen to an interior one.
DS202002-0220
2019
Zhang, Y.Xu, R., Liu, Y., Wang, X-C, Foley, S.F., Zhang, Y., Yuan, H.Generation of continental intraplate alkali basalts and deep carbon cycle.Earth Science Reviews, in press available, 38p. Doi.org/1010.1016 /jearsciev.2019.103073Globalcarbon

Abstract: Although the deep recycling of carbon has been proposed to play a key role in producing intraplate magmatism, the question of how it controls or triggers mantle melting remains poorly understood. In addition, generation of incipient carbonated melts in the mantle and their subsequent reaction with the mantle are critical processes that can influence the geochemistry of intraplate basalts, but the details of such processes are also unclear. Here we present geochemical evidence for the existence of pervasive carbonate melt in the mantle source of Cenozoic continental intraplate highly alkali basalts (SiO2 < 45 wt%), which are volumetrically minor but widespread in eastern China. The primary magma compositions of these basalts cannot be explained by either partial melting of a single mantle source lithology or mixing of magmas derived from distinct mantle sources, but can be adequately explained by carbonate-fluxed melting of eclogite and subsequent reaction between silica-rich melts and peridotite that ultimately transformed the initial carbonated silica-rich melts into silica-undersaturated alkalic magmas. The source of the carbonate is in subducted eclogites associated with the Pacific plate, which stagnated in the mantle transition zone (MTZ). The spatial distribution of the alkali basalts is in accord with large-scale seismic low-velocity anomalies in the upper mantle above the MTZ. Similar scenarios in central-western Europe and eastern Australia lead us to propose that reaction between carbonated silica-rich melt and peridotite may be a pivotal mechanism for the generation of continental intraplate alkali basalts elsewhere in the world.
DS202002-0222
2019
Zhang, Y.Zhang, Y., Nelson, P., Dygert, N., Lin, J-F.Fe alloy slurry and a compacting cumulate pile across Earth's inner-core boundary.Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, doi:10.1029/ 2019JB017792MantleCore boundary

Abstract: Seismic observations show a reduced P wave velocity gradient layer at the bottom ~280 km of the outer core and a hemispherical dichotomy at the top ~50-200 km of the inner core compared to the one?dimensional Preliminary reference Earth model (PREM). These seismic features manifest physical and chemical phenomena linked to thermal evolution and formation processes of the inner core. We have developed a physical model to explain these seismic features. At the inner?outer boundary, the crystallization of Fe alloy co?exists with the residue melt producing a “snowing” slurry layer (F layer), consistent with observed seismic velocity gradient. Solid Fe alloy crystals accumulate and eventually compact at the top of the inner core, and may exhibit lateral variations in thickness between the east?west hemispheres. Our model can explain the east?west asymmetry observed in the seismic velocity. Our model uses mineral physics and seismological results to provide a holistic view of the physical and chemical processes for the inner?core growth over geological time.
DS202006-0956
2020
Zhang, Y.Wang, K., Guo, R., Zhang, Y., Tian, Y.Photoluminescence and annealing of nitrogen-interstitials defects in electron irradiated diamond.Spectroscopy Letters, Vol. 53, 4, pp. 270-276.Globalluminescence

Abstract: There are a few studies reported in the literature describing the conversion of intrinsic defects but the involvement of nitrogen-interstitials in diamond has not been reported so far. In this paper, a detailed study on the conversion of nitrogen-interstitials in diamond during the irradiation and further annealing were presented by the micro-photoluminescence spectra. The results indicated that the interstitials were immobile until 300?°C and then escaped from the nitrogen capture, followed by migration and recombination with vacancies in the structure of nitrogen-vacancy and vacancy centers.
DS202202-0204
2022
Zhang, Y.Li, D., Fu, Y., Hollings, P., Mitchell, R.H., Zurevinski, S., Kamo, S., Zhang, R., Zhang, Y., Liu, Q., Liao, J., Liang, Y., Sun, X.PL57 garnet as a new natural reference material for in situ U-Pb isotope analysis and its perspective for geological applications.Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 177, 19 , 18p. PdfGlobalgarnet

Abstract: Garnet is a common U-bearing mineral in various magmatic and metamorphic rocks with a high U-Pb closure temperature (>?850 °C), rendering it a potentially valuable U-Pb geochronometer. However, a high U (>?10 ppm) garnet reference material that suits both quadrupole and/or multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is yet to be established. This study evaluates a potential reference material for in situ garnet U-Pb analysis with anomalously high U content from the Prairie Lake alkaline complex, Canada. The PL57 garnet, occurring in a calcite ijolite, has high TiO2 (6.5-15.0 wt%, average 12.7 wt%) and Fe2O3 (17.1-21.3 wt%) contents and is a member of the andradite (26-66 mol.%)-morimotoite (18-41 mol.%)-schorlomite (16-35 mol.%) solid solution series. Four samples were dated by U-Pb ID-TIMS to assess reproducibility. Twelve TIMS analyses produced concordant, equivalent results. Garnet PL57 yielded a concordant age of 1156.2?±?1.2 Ma (2?, n?=?10, MSWD?=?1.0), based on ten analyses with two results discarded due to possible mineral inclusions (if included, the concordia age is 1156.6?±?1.8 Ma; n?=?12, MSWD?=?2.0). PL57 had 27-76 ppm (average 41 ppm) U with Th/U of 0.51-0.68 (average 0.63). The total common Pb content ranged from 0.4 to 3.9 pg (average 1.1 pg). Laser ablation coupled with ICP-MS and high angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) imaging provide direct evidence that U is incorporated and homogeneously distributed within the garnet lattice rather than as defects or pore spaces. Published garnet samples and standards were then tested by calibrating the Willsboro, Mali, Qicun, and Tonglvshan garnet against PL57, which gave accurate ages within the recommended values. Case studies of garnet from the Archean Musselwhite orogenic gold deposit in Canada and the Cenozoic Changanchong and Habo skarn deposits in China yield reliable ages. This suggests that PL57 is a robust U-Pb isotope reference material. The limited variations of U and Pb isotopic ratios, together with the high U concentration and extremely low initial common Pb, make PL57 an ideal calibration and monitor reference material for in situ measurements.
DS1999-0829
1999
Zhang, Y.S.Zhang, Y.S., Lay, T.Evolution of the oceanic upper mantle structurePhys. Earth. Plan. International, Vol. 114, No. 1-2, July 6, pp. 71-80.MantleTectonics, Oceanic structure
DS200912-0836
2009
Zhang, Y-B.Yang, Y-H., Wu, F-Y., Wilde, S.A., Liu, X-M., Zhang, Y-B., Xie, L-W., Yang, J-H.In in situ perovskite Sr Nd isotopic constraints on the petrogenesis of the Ordovician Mengyin kimberlites in North Chin a craton.Chemical Geology, Vol. 264, 1-4, pp. 24-42.ChinaDeposit - Mengyin
DS201012-0861
2010
Zhang, Y-B.Wu, F.Y., Yang, Y-H., Mitchell, R.H., Li, J-H., Yang, J-H., Zhang, Y-B.In situ U Pb age determination and Nd isotopic analysis of perovskites from kimberlites in southern Africa and Somerset Island, Canada.Lithos, Vol. 115, pp. 205-222.Canada, Nunavut, Africa, South AfricaGeochronology
DS1992-1738
1992
Zhang, Y-S.Zhang, Y-S., Tanimoto, T.Ridges, hotspots and their interaction as observed in seismic velocitymapsNature, Vol. 355, No. 6355, January 2, pp. 45-49MantleHotspots, Geophysics-seismics
DS201607-1310
2016
Zhang, Yu.Ou, C., Leblon, B., Zhang, Yu., LaRocque, A., Webster, K., McLaughlin, J.Modelling and mapping permafrost at high spatial resolution using Land sat and Radarsat images in northern Ontario: model calibration and regional mapping.International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 37, 12, pp. 2727-2779.Canada, OntarioNews item - permafrost

Abstract: Permafrost is an important ground thermal condition that has significant biophysical and socio-economic impacts. In order to better understand the distribution and dynamics of permafrost, there is a need to map permafrost at high spatial resolution. This study is part of a research project that aims to model and map permafrost using remote sensing images and the Northern Ecosystem Soil Temperature (NEST) model in the central part of the Hudson Bay Lowland in northern Ontario, Canada. The study area is near the southern margin of permafrost region where permafrost exists only in isolated patches. In this study, we ran the NEST model from 1932 to 2012 using a climate data set compiled from station observations and grid data sources. The model outputs were then compared to field observations acquired during 2009 -2012 at seven peat monitoring stations and two flux towers, which represent three major types of peatland in the study area (bog, fen, and palsa). The simulated soil temperatures at various depths show good agreement with the observations, and the simulated latent and sensible heat fluxes and net radiation are similar to the observations at the two flux towers. The model accurately shows the existence of permafrost only at palsa sites. Based on the general range of climate and ground conditions in this area, sensitivity tests indicate that the modelled permafrost conditions are sensitive to leaf area index, air temperature, precipitation, and soil texture. Therefore, the NEST model is capable of simulating ground temperature and permafrost conditions in where permafrost occurs only sporadically. A companion paper (part 2) uses the model with Landsat and Radarsat imagery to map the distribution and dynamics of permafrost in this area.
DS200612-1592
2006
Zhang, Yu-X.Zhang, K-J., Cai, J-X., Zhang, Yu-X., Zhao, T-P.Eclogites from central Qiangtang, northern Tibet, China: and tectonic implications.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 245, 3-4, May 30, pp. 722-729.Asia, ChinaUHP, subduction
DS2001-1303
2001
Zhang, Z.Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Xu, Z., Yang, J., Cui. J.Petrology and geochronology of eclogites from the western segment of the Altyn Tagh, northwestern China.Lithos, Vol. 56, No. 2-3, Mar.pp. 187-206.ChinaGeochronology, Eclogites
DS200512-1251
2005
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Xiao, Y., Liu, F., Liou, J.G., Hoefs, J.Petrogenesis of UHP metamorphic rocks from Qinglongshan, southern Sulu east central China.Lithos, Vol. 81, 1-4, April pp. 189-207.ChinaUHP
DS200612-1554
2006
Zhang, Z.Xiao, Y., Sun, W., Hoefs, J., Simon, K., Zhang, Z., Li, S., Hofmann, A.W.Making continental crust through slab melting: constraints from niobium tantalum fractionation in UHP metamorphic rutile.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, Sept. 15, pp. 4770-47082.ChinaDabie Sulu - eclogites - UHP
DS200612-1561
2006
Zhang, Z.Xu, Z., Zeng, L., Liu, F., Yang, J., Zhang, Z., McWilliams, M., Liou, J.G.Polyphase subduction and exhumation of the Sulu high pressure ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terrane.Geological Society of America, Special Paper, No. 403, pp. 93-114.ChinaSubduction UHP
DS200612-1595
2006
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Mahoney, J., Mao,J., Wang, F.Geochemistry of picritic and associated basalt flows of the western Emeishan flood basalt province, China.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 47, 10, pp. 1997-2019.ChinaPicrite
DS200612-1596
2005
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Xiao, Y., Hoefs, J., Xu, Z., Liou, J.G.Petrogenesis of UHP metamorphic crustal and mantle rocks from the Chinese continent in the main hole pre-pilot hole 1 Sulu Basin.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 11, pp. 1160-1177.Asia, ChinaUHP
DS200812-1316
2008
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Zhang, X., Badal, J.Composition of the crust beneath southeastern Chin a derived from an integrated geophysical set.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, B4, B04417ChinaGeophysics
DS201012-0872
2010
Zhang, Z.Yang, J., Zhang, Z., Xu, X., Li, Y., Li, J., Jia, Y., Liu, Z., Ba, D.Diamond in the Purang peridotite Massif, west of the Yarlung Zangbu Suture, Tibet: a new discovery.Goldschmidt 2010 abstracts, abstractAsia, TibetPurang Massif
DS201012-0894
2010
Zhang, Z.Zhong, J.P., Griffin, W.L., Sun, M., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, H.F., Zhou, J., Xiao, L., Tang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.Tectonic affinity of the west Qingling terrane ( central Chin a): North Chin a or Yangtze?Tectonics, Vol. 29, 2, TC2009ChinaTectonics
DS201112-0316
2011
Zhang, Z.Fedortchouk, Y., Zhang, Z.Diamond record of metasomatism.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.833.Canada, Northwest TerritoriesEkati mine
DS201112-0317
2011
Zhang, Z.Fedortchouk, Y., Zhang, Z.Diamond resorption: link to metasomatic events in the mantle or record of magmatic fluid in kimberlitic magma?The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 49, 3, pp. 707-719.MantleMetasomatism
DS201212-0410
2012
Zhang, Z.Liou, J.G., Zhang, R., Liu, F., Zhang, Z., Ernst, W.G.Mineralogy, petrology, U-Pb geochronology, and geologic evolution of the Dabie Sulu classic ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terrane, east-central China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 97, no. 10, pp. 1533-1543.ChinaUHP
DS201212-0818
2012
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Fedortchouk, Y.Records of mantle metasomatism in the morphology of diamonds from the Slave craton.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 24, 4, pp. 619-632.Canada, Northwest TerritoriesDeposit -
DS201212-0819
2012
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Ferortchuk, Y.Diamond dissolution in the mantle: links with metasomatism.10th. International Kimberlite Conference Held Bangalore India Feb. 6-11, Poster abstractMantleMetasomatism
DS201312-0263
2013
Zhang, Z.Fedortchouk, Y., Skvortsova, V.L., Zhang, Z.A review of experimental dat a of diamond dissolution with the focus on morphological features.GAC-MAC 2013 SS4: from birth to the mantle emplacement in kimberlite., abstract onlyMantleDiamond morphology
DS201312-1010
2013
Zhang, Z.Zhang, D., Zhang, Z., Santosh, M., Cheng, Z., He, H., Kang, J.Perovskite and baddeleyite from kimberlitic intrusions in the Tarim large igneous province signal the onset of an end Carboniferous mantle plume.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 361, pp. 238-248.ChinaDeposit - Wajiltag
DS201312-1012
2013
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Fedortchouk, Y., Hanley, J.J.Pressure effect on diamond resorption morphology.GAC-MAC 2013 SS4: from birth to the mantle emplacement in kimberlite., abstract onlyMantleDiamond morphology
DS201312-1013
2013
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Stixrude, L., Brodholt, J.Elastic properties of MgSiO3 perovskite under lower mantle conditions and the composition of the deep Earth.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 379, pp. 1-12.MantlePerovskite
DS201412-0125
2014
Zhang, Z.Cheng, Z., Zhang, Z., Santosh, M., Hou, T., Zhang, D.Carbonate and silicate rich globules in the kimberlitic rocks of northwestern Tarim large igneous province, NW China: evidence for carbonated mantle source.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 95, pp. 114-135.ChinaDeposit - Wajilitage
DS201412-0517
2014
Zhang, Z.Liu, D., Zhao, Z., Zhu, D-C., DePaolo, D.J., Harrison, T.M., Mo, X., Dong, G., Zhou, S., Sun, C., Zhang, Z., Liu, J.Post collisional potassic and ultrapotassic rocks in southern Tibet: mantle and crustal origins in response to India-Asia collision and convergence.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 143, pp. 207-231.Asia, TibetAlkalic
DS201412-1027
2014
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Fedortchuk, Y., Hanley, J.Experimental constraints of diamond destructive fluids in kimberlite magma and in the sub-cratonic lithosphere.Goldschmidt Conference 2014, 1p. AbstractMantleKimberlite magmatism
DS201506-0297
2015
Zhang, Z.Tian, Y., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Xiong, F., Li, Y., Zhang, Z., Liu, Z., Liu, F., Niu, X.Diamond discovered in high Al chromitites of the Sartohay ophiolite, Xinjiang province China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 89, 2, pp. 332-340.ChinaChromitite
DS201508-0364
2015
Zhang, Z.Li, H., Zhang, Z., Ernst, R., Lu, L., Santosh, M., Zhang, D., Cheng, Z.Giant radiating mafic dyke swarm of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province: identifying the mantle plume centre.Terra Nova, Vol. 27, 4, pp. 247-257.ChinaMantle plume
DS201601-0019
2015
Zhang, Z.Huang, Yang, J., Zhu, Y., Xiong, F., Liu, Z., Zhang, Z., Xu, W.The discovery of diamonds in chromitite of the Hegenshan ophiolite, Inner Mongolia.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 89, 2, p. 32.Asia, MongoliaOphiolite

Abstract: Diamond, moissanite and a variety of other minerals, similar to those reported from ophiolites in Tibet and northern Russia, have recently been discovered in chromitites of the Hegenshan ophiolite of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, north China. The chromitites are small, podiform and vein-like bodies hosted in dunite, clinopyroxene-bearing peridotite, troctolite and gabbro. All of the analysed chromite grains are relatively Al-rich, with Cr# [100Cr/(Cr+Al)] of about 47-53. Preliminary studies of mainly disseminated chromitite from ore body No. 3756 have identified more than 30 mineral species in addition to diamond and moissanite. These include oxides (mostly hematite, magnetite, rutile, anatase, cassiterite, and quartz), sulfides (pyrite, marcasite and others), silicates (magnesian olivine, enstatite, augite, diopside, uvarovite, pyrope, orthoclase, zircon, sphene, vesuvianite, chlorite and serpentine) and others (e.g., calcite, monazite, glauberite, iowaite and a range of metallic alloys). This study demonstrates that diamond, moissanite and other exotic minerals can occur in high-Al, as well as high-Cr chromites, and significantly extends the geographic and age range of known diamond-bearing ophiolites.
DS201604-0602
2016
Zhang, Z.Fedortchouk, Y., Zhang, Z., Chinn, I.Diamond resorption features as a new method for examining conditions of kimberlite emplacement.GAC MAC Meeting Special Session SS11: Cratons, kimberlites and diamonds., Keynote abstractTechnologyEmplacement

Abstract: The study develops a new approach utilizing parameters of trigonal etch pits on diamond crystals to infer the conditions of diamond residence in kimberlite magma. Diamond crystals from dissolution experiments conducted at 1 GPa and 1150-1350 °C in the presence of H2O-rich or CO2-rich fluid were studied with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM data of resorbed diamond surfaces show that much deeper surface relief was produced in CO2 fluid. It also clearly distinguishes the profiles of the trigonal etch pits forming regular flat-bottomed trigons in H2O fluid, and round- or pointed-bottomed trigons in CO2 fluid. The relationship between the diameter and the depth of the trigonal pits is found to be another important indicator of the fluid composition. Dissolution in H2O fluid develops trigons with constant diameter and variable depth where the diameter increases with temperature. Trigons developed in CO2 fluid have a large range of diameters showing a strong positive correlation with the depth. The developed criteria applied to the natural diamond crystals from three Ekati Mine kimberlites indicate significant variation in CO2-H2O ratio and temperature of their magmatic fluid. This conclusion based on diamond resorption agrees with the mineralogy of microphenocrysts and groundmass of the studied kimberlites offering new method to study crystallization conditions of kimberlite magma.
DS201605-0922
2016
Zhang, Z.Xiong, F., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Xu, X., Ba, D., Li, Y., Zhang, Z., Rong, H.Diamonds ad other exotic minerals recovered from peridotites of the Dangqiong ophiolite, western Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone, Tibet.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 90, 2, pp. 425-439.Asia, TibetPeridotite

Abstract: Various combinations of diamond, moissanite, zircon, quartz, corundum, rutile, titanite, almandine garnet, kyanite, and andalusite have been recovered from the Dangqiong peridotites. More than 80 grains of diamond have been recovered, most of which are pale yellow to reddish-orange to colorless. The grains are all 100-200 µm in size and mostly anhedral, but with a range of morphologies including elongated, octahedral and subhedral varieties. Their identification was confirmed by a characteristic shift in the Raman spectra between 1325 cm?1 and 1333 cm?1, mostly at 1331.51 cm?1 or 1326.96 cm?1. Integration of the mineralogical, petrological and geochemical data for the Dongqiong peridotites suggests a multi-stage formation for this body and similar ophiolites in the Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone. Chromian spinel grains and perhaps small bodies of chromitite crystallized at various depths in the upper mantle, and encapsulated the UHP, highly reduced and crustal minerals. Some oceanic crustal slabs containing the chromian spinel and their inclusion were later trapped in suprasubduction zones (SSZ), where they were modified by island arc tholeiitic and boninitic magmas, thus changing the chromian spinel compositions and depositing chromitite ores in melt channels.
DS201606-1130
2016
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Dorfman, S.M., Labidi, J., Zhang, S., Li, M., Manga, M., Stixrude, L., McDonough, W.F., Williams, Q.Primordial metallic melt in the deep mantle.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, 8, pp. 3693-3697.MantleMelting

Abstract: Seismic tomography models reveal two large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) that identify large-scale variations in temperature and composition in the deep mantle. Other characteristics include elevated density, elevated bulk sound speed, and sharp boundaries. We show that properties of LLSVPs can be explained by the presence of small quantities (0.3-3%) of suspended, dense Fe-Ni-S liquid. Trapping of metallic liquid is demonstrated to be likely during the crystallization of a dense basal magma ocean, and retention of such melts is consistent with currently available experimental constraints. Calculated seismic velocities and densities of lower mantle material containing low-abundance metallic liquids match the observed LLSVP properties. Small quantities of metallic liquids trapped at depth provide a natural explanation for primitive noble gas signatures in plume-related magmas. Our model hence provides a mechanism for generating large-scale chemical heterogeneities in Earth's early history and makes clear predictions for future tests of our hypothesis.
DS201607-1323
2016
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Dorfman, S.M., Labidi, J., Zhang, S., Li, M., Manga, M., Stixrude, L., McDonough, W.F., Williams, Q.Primordial metallic melt in the deep mantle.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, 8, pp. 3693-3699.MantleMelting

Abstract: Seismic tomography models reveal two large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) that identify large-scale variations in temperature and composition in the deep mantle. Other characteristics include elevated density, elevated bulk sound speed, and sharp boundaries. We show that properties of LLSVPs can be explained by the presence of small quantities (0.3 -3%) of suspended, dense Fe-Ni-S liquid. Trapping of metallic liquid is demonstrated to be likely during the crystallization of a dense basal magma ocean, and retention of such melts is consistent with currently available experimental constraints. Calculated seismic velocities and densities of lower mantle material containing low-abundance metallic liquids match the observed LLSVP properties. Small quantities of metallic liquids trapped at depth provide a natural explanation for primitive noble gas signatures in plume-related magmas. Our model hence provides a mechanism for generating large-scale chemical heterogeneities in Earth's early history and makes clear predictions for future tests of our hypothesis.
DS201707-1370
2017
Zhang, Z.Song, W., Xu, C., Chakhmouradian, A.R., Kynicky, J., Huang, K., Zhang, Z.Carbonatites of Tarim ( NW China): first evidence of crustal contribution in carbonatites from large igneous province.Lithos, Vol. 282-283, pp. 1-9.China, Mongoliacarbonatite - Tarim

Abstract: Many carbonatites are associated both spatially and temporally with large igneous provinces (LIPs), and considered to originate from a mantle plume source lacking any contribution from recycled crustal materials. Here, we report an occurrence of carbonatite enriched in rare-earth elements (REE) and associated with the Tarim LIP in northwestern China. The Tarim LIP comprises intrusive and volcanic products of mantle plume activity spanning from ~ 300 to 280 Ma. The carbonatites at Wajilitage in the northwestern part of Tarim are dominated by calcite and dolomite varieties, and contain abundant REE minerals (principally, monazite and REE-fluorcarbonates). Th–Pb age determination of monazite yielded an emplacement age of 266 ± 5.3 Ma, i.e. appreciably younger than the eruption age of flood basalts at ~ 290 Ma. The carbonatites show low initial 87Sr/86Sr (0.7037–0.7041) and high ?Nd(t) (1.2–4) values, which depart from the isotopic characteristics of plume-derived basalts and high-Mg picrites from the same area. This indicates that the Wajilitage carbonatites derived from a mantle source isotopically distinct from the one responsible for the voluminous (ultra)mafic volcanism at Tarim. The carbonatites show ?26MgDSM3 values (? 0.99 to ? 0.65‰) that are significantly lower than those in typical mantle-derived rocks and rift carbonatites, but close to marine sediments and orogenic carbonatites. We propose that the carbonatites in the Tarim LIP formed by decompressional melting of recycled sediments mixed with the ambient mantle peridotite. The enriched components in the Tarim plume could be accounted for by the presence of recycled sedimentary components in the subcontinental mantle.
DS201709-2076
2017
Zhang, Z.Xiong, F., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Dilek, Y., Milushi, I., Xu, X., Zhou, W., Zhang, Z., Rong, H.Diamonds discovered from high-Cr podiform chromitites from Bulqiza, eastern Mirdita ophiolite, Albania.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 91, 2, pp. 455-468.Europe, Albaniadiamonds in chromitites

Abstract: Various combinations of diamond, moissanite, zircon, corundum, rutile and titanitehave been recovered from the Bulqiza chromitites. More than 10 grains of diamond have been recovered, most of which are pale yellow to reddish–orange to colorless. The grains are all 100–300 ?m in size and mostly anhedral, but with a range of morphologies including elongated, octahedral and subhedral varieties. Their identification was confirmed by a characteristic shift in the Raman spectra between 1325 cm?1 and 1333 cm?1, mostly at 1331.51 cm?1 or 1326.96 cm?1. This investigation extends the occurrence of diamond and moissanite to the Bulqiza chromitites in the Eastern Mirdita Ophiolite. Integration of the mineralogical, petrological and geochemical data of the Bulqiza chromitites suggests their multi–stage formation. Magnesiochromite grains and perhaps small bodies of chromitite formed at various depths in the upper mantle, and encapsulated the ultra–high pressure, highly reduced and crustal minerals. Some oceanic crustal slabs containing the magnesiochromite and their inclusion were later trapped in suprasubduction zones, where they were modified by tholeiitic and boninitic arc magmas, thus changing the magnesiochromite compositions and depositing chromitite ores in melt channels.
DS201710-2240
2017
Zhang, Z.Lian, D., Yang, J., Dilek, Y., Wu, W., Zhang, Z., Xiong, F., Liu, F., Zhou, W.Deep mantle origin and ultra-reducing conditions in podiform chromitite: diamonds, moissanite, and other unusual minerals in podiform chromitites from the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite, southern Turkey.Americam Mineralogist, Vol. 103, 5p.Europe, Turkeymoissanites

Abstract: The Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite situated in the eastern Tauride belt, southern Turkey, is a well-preserved oceanic lithosphere remnant comprising, in ascending order, mantle peridotite, ultramafic and mafic cumulates, isotropic gabbros, sheeted dikes, and basaltic pillow lavas. Two types of chromitites are observed in the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite. One type of chromitites occurs in the cumulate dunites around the Moho, and the other type of chromitites is hosted by the mantle harzburgites below the Moho. The second type of chromitites has massive, nodular, and disseminated textures. We have conducted the mineral separation work on the podiform chromitites hosted by harzburgites. So far, more than 100 grains of microdiamond and moissanite (SiC) have been recovered from the podiform chromitite. The diamonds and moissanite are accompanied by large amounts of rutile. Besides zircon, monazite and sulfide are also very common phases within the separated minerals. The discovery of diamond, moissanite, and the other unusual minerals from podiform chromitite of the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite provides new evidences for the common occurrences of these unusual minerals in ophiolitic peridotites and chromitites. This discovery also suggests that deep mantle processes and materials have been involved in the formation of podiform chromitite.
DS201711-2537
2017
Zhang, Z.Zhu, R., Zhang, H., Zhu, G., Meng, H., Fan, H., Yang, J., Wu, F., Zhang, Z.Craton destruction and related resources.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 106, 7, pp. 2233-2257.Chinacraton

Abstract: Craton destruction is a dynamic event that plays an important role in Earth’s evolution. Based on comprehensive observations of many studies on the North China Craton (NCC) and correlations with the evolution histories of other cratons around the world, craton destruction has be defined as a geological process that results in the total loss of craton stability due to changes in the physical and chemical properties of the involved craton. The mechanisms responsible for craton destruction would be as the follows: (1) oceanic plate subduction; (2) rollback and retreat of a subducting oceanic plate; (3) stagnation and dehydration of a subducting plate in the mantle transition zone; (4) melting of the mantle above the mantle transition zone caused by dehydration of a stagnant slab; (5) non-steady flow in the upper mantle induced by melting, and/or (6) changes in the nature of the lithospheric mantle and consequent craton destruction caused by non-steady flow. Oceanic plate subduction itself does not result in craton destruction. For the NCC, it is documented that westward subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate should have initiated at the transition from the Middle-to-Late Jurassic, and resulted in the change of tectonic regime of eastern China. We propose that subduction, rollback and retreat of oceanic plates and dehydration of stagnant slabs are the main dynamic factors responsible for both craton destruction and concentration of mineral deposits, such as gold, in the overriding continental plate. Based on global distribution of gold deposits, we suggest that convergent plate margins are the most important setting for large gold concentrations. Therefore, decratonic gold deposits appear to occur preferentially in regions with oceanic subduction and overlying continental lithospheric destruction/modification/growth.
DS201805-0994
2018
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Dueker, K.G., Huang, H-H.Ps mantle transition zone imaging beneath the Colorado Rocky Mountains: evidence for an upwelling hydrous mantle.Earth Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 492, pp. 197-205.United States, Coloradomantle - discontinuity

Abstract: We analyze teleseismic P-to-S conversions for high-resolution imaging of the mantle transition zone beneath the Colorado Rocky Mountains using data from a dense PASSCAL seismic broadband deployment. A total of 6,021 P-to-S converted receiver functions are constructed using a multi-channel minimum-phase deconvolution method and migrated using the common converted point technique with the 3-D teleseismic P- and S-wave tomography models of Schmandt and Humphreys (2010). The image finds that the average depths of the 410-km discontinuity (the 410) and 660-km discontinuity (the 660) at and respectively. The peak-to-peak topography of both discontinuities is 33 km and 27 km respectively. Additionally, prominent negative polarity phases are imaged both above and below the 410. To quantify the mean properties of the low-velocity layers about 410 km, we utilize double gradient layer models parameterization to fit the mean receiver function waveform. This waveform fitting is accomplished as a grid-search using anelastic synthetic seismograms. The best-fitting model reveals that the olivine-wadsleyite phase transformation width is 21 km, which is significantly larger than anhydrous mineral physics prediction (4-10 km) (Smyth and Frost, 2002). The findings of a wide olivine-wadsleyite phase transformation and the negative polarity phases above and below the 410, suggest that the mantle, at least in the 350-450 km depth range, is significantly hydrated. Furthermore, a conspicuous negative polarity phase below the 660 is imaged in high velocity region, we speculate the low velocity layer is due to dehydration flux melting in an area of convective downwelling. Our interpretation of these results, in tandem with the tomographic image of a Farallon slab segment at 800 km beneath the region (Schmandt and Humphreys, 2010), is that hydrous and upwelling mantle contributes to the high-standing Colorado Rocky Mountains.
DS201806-1262
2018
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Dueker, K.G., Huang, H-H.Ps mantle transition zone imaging beneath the Colorado Rocky Mountains: evidence for an upwelling hydrous mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 492, pp. 197-205.United States, Coloradogeophysics - seismic

Abstract: We analyze teleseismic P-to-S conversions for high-resolution imaging of the mantle transition zone beneath the Colorado Rocky Mountains using data from a dense PASSCAL seismic broadband deployment. A total of 6,021 P-to-S converted receiver functions are constructed using a multi-channel minimum-phase deconvolution method and migrated using the common converted point technique with the 3-D teleseismic P- and S-wave tomography models of Schmandt and Humphreys (2010). The image finds that the average depths of the 410-km discontinuity (the 410) and 660-km discontinuity (the 660) at and respectively. The peak-to-peak topography of both discontinuities is 33 km and 27 km respectively. Additionally, prominent negative polarity phases are imaged both above and below the 410. To quantify the mean properties of the low-velocity layers about 410 km, we utilize double gradient layer models parameterization to fit the mean receiver function waveform. This waveform fitting is accomplished as a grid-search using anelastic synthetic seismograms. The best-fitting model reveals that the olivine-wadsleyite phase transformation width is 21 km, which is significantly larger than anhydrous mineral physics prediction (4-10 km) (Smyth and Frost, 2002). The findings of a wide olivine-wadsleyite phase transformation and the negative polarity phases above and below the 410, suggest that the mantle, at least in the 350-450 km depth range, is significantly hydrated. Furthermore, a conspicuous negative polarity phase below the 660 is imaged in high velocity region, we speculate the low velocity layer is due to dehydration flux melting in an area of convective downwelling. Our interpretation of these results, in tandem with the tomographic image of a Farallon slab segment at 800 km beneath the region (Schmandt and Humphreys, 2010), is that hydrous and upwelling mantle contributes to the high-standing Colorado Rocky Mountains.
DS201810-2304
2018
Zhang, Z.Cheng, Z., Zhang, Z., Aibai, A., Kong, W., Holtz, F.The role of magmatic and post-magmatic hydrothermal processes on rare earth element mineralization: a study of the Bachu carbonatites from the Tarim Large Igneous Province, NW China.Lithos, Vol. 314-315, pp. 71-87.Chinacarbonatite

Abstract: The contribution of magmatic and hydrothermal processes to rare earth element (REE) mineralization of carbonatites remains an area of considerable interest. With the aim of better understanding REE mineralization mechanisms, we conducted a detailed study on the petrology, mineralogy and C-O isotopes of the Bachu carbonatites, NW China. The Bachu carbonatites are composed predominantly of magnesiocarbonatite with minor calciocarbonatite. The two types of carbonatite have primarily holocrystalline textures dominated by dolomite and calcite, respectively. Monazite-(Ce) and bastnäsite-(Ce), the major REE minerals, occur as euhedral grains and interstitial phases in the carbonatites. Melt inclusions in the dolomite partially rehomogenize at temperatures above 800?°C, and those in apatite have homogenization temperatures (Th) ranging from 645 to 785?°C. Oxygen isotope ratios of the calciocarbonatite intrusions (?18OV-SMOW?=?6.4‰ to 8.3‰), similar to the magnesiocarbonatites, indicate the parental magma is mantle-derived, and that they may derive from a more evolved stage of carbonatite fractionation. The magnesiocarbonatites are slightly enriched in LREE whereas calciocarbonatites have higher HREE concentrations. Both dolomite and calcite have low total REE (TREE) contents ranging from 112 to 436?ppm and 88 to 336?ppm, respectively, much lower than the bulk rock composition of the carbonatites (371 to 36,965?ppm). Hence, the fractional crystallization of carbonates is expected to elevate REE concentrations in the residual magma. Rocks from the Bachu deposit with the highest TREE concentration (up to 20?wt%) occur as small size (2?mm to 3 cm) red rare earth-rich veins (RRV) with barite + celestine + fluorapatite + monazite-(Ce) associations. These rocks are interpreted to have a hydrothermal origin, confirmed by the fluid inclusions in barite with Th in the range 198-267?°C. Hydrothermal processes may also explain the existence of interstitial textures in the carbonatites with similar mineral assemblages. The C-O isotopic compositions of the RRV (?13CV-PDB?=??3.6 to ?4.3‰, ?18OV-SMOW?=?7.6 to 9.8‰) are consistent with an origin resulting from fluid exsolution at the end of the high temperature fractionation trend. A two-stage model involving fractional crystallization and hydrothermal fluids is proposed for the mineralization of the Bachu REE deposit.
DS201907-1589
2019
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Qin, T., Pommier, A., Hirschmann, M.M.Carbon storage in Fe-Ni-S liquids in the deep upper mantle and its relation to diamond and Fe-Ni alloy precipitation.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 520, pp. 164-174.Mantlediamond genesis

Abstract: To better understand the role of sulfide in C storage in the upper mantle, we construct a thermodynamic model for Fe-Ni-S-C sulfide melts and consider equilibrium between sulfide melts, mantle silicates, Fe-Ni alloy, and diamond. The sulfide melt model is based upon previous parameterization of Fe-Ni-S melts calibrated at 100 kPa, which we have extended to high pressure based on volumetric properties of end-member components. We calculate the behavior of C in the sulfide melt from empirical parameterization of experimental C solubility data. We calculate the continuous compositional evolution of Fe-Ni sulfide liquid and associated effects on carbon storage at pressure and redox conditions corresponding to mantle depths of 60 to 410 km. Equilibrium and mass balance conditions were solved for coexisting Fe-Ni-S melt and silicate minerals (olivine [(Mg,Fe,Ni)2SiO4], pyroxene [(Mg,Fe)SiO3]) in a mantle with 200 ppmw S. With increasing depth and decreasing oxygen fugacity (fO2), the calculated melt (Fe+Ni)/S atomic ratio increases from 0.8-1.5 in the shallow oxidized mantle to 2.0-10.5 in the reduced deep upper mantle (>8 GPa), with Fe-Ni alloy saturation occurring at >10 GPa. Compared to previous calculations for the reduced deep upper mantle, alloy saturation occurs at greater depth owing to the capacity of sulfide melt to dissolve metal species, thereby attenuating the rise of Fe and Ni metal activities. The corresponding carbon storage capacity in the metal-rich sulfide liquid rises from negligible below 6 GPa to 8-20 ppmw at 9 GPa, and thence increases sharply to 90-110 ppmw at the point of alloy saturation at 10-12 GPa. The combined C storage capacity of liquid and solid alloy reaches 110-170 ppmw at 14 GPa. Thus, in the deep upper mantle, all carbon in depleted sources (10-30 ppmw C) can be stored in the sulfide liquid, and alloy and sulfide liquids host a significant fraction of the C in enriched sources (30-500 ppmw C). Application of these results to the occurrences of inferred metal-rich sulfide melts in the Fe-Ni-S-C system and inclusions in diamonds from the mantle transition zone suggests that oxidization of a reduced metal-rich sulfide melt is an efficient mechanism for deep-mantle diamond precipitation, owing to the strong effect of (Fe+Ni)/S ratio on carbon solubility in Fe-Ni-S melts. This redox reaction likely occurs near the boundary between oxidized subducted slabs and the reduced ambient peridotitic mantle.
DS201911-2578
2019
Zhang, Z.Xu, Y., Tang, W., Hui, H., Rudnick, R.L., Shang, S., Zhang, Z.Reconciling the discrepancy between the dehydration rates in mantle olivine and pyroxene during xenolith emplacement. Lashaine, Eledoi, KisiteGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 267, pp. 179-195.Africa, Tanzaniaperidotite

Abstract: Hydrogen concentration profiles through olivine and pyroxene in peridotite xenoliths carried in rift basalts from northern Tanzania (Lashaine, Eledoi, and Kisite localities) show bell-shaped distributions, indicating that diffusive hydrogen loss has occurred in all minerals. Homogeneous major element concentrations and equilibration of hydrogen between the cores of olivine and coexisting pyroxene suggest that hydrogen loss resulted from diffusive degassing during host magma emplacement. For these samples, hydrogen diffusivities in olivine and coexisting pyroxene must be within the same order of magnitude, similar to experimentally determined diffusivities, but in contrast to previous observations made on xenolithic peridotites. We demonstrate here, for the first time using natural samples, that significant differences in activation energy is likely the primary parameter that causes the discrepancy between hydrogen diffusion in olivine and pyroxene observed in different suites of mantle xenoliths. Because hydrogen diffuses faster in olivine than in pyroxene as temperature increases, hydrogen loss in the Tanzanian mantle xenoliths must have occurred at relatively low temperatures (?750 - ?900 °C), whereas hydrogen loss observed in previous xenolith studies likely occurred at higher temperatures (?950 to > 1200 °C). Thus, the diffusive loss of hydrogen in the Tanzanian mantle xenoliths may have occurred at shallow depths or at the Earth’s surface.
DS202001-0034
2019
Zhang, Z.Ramstein, G., Godderis, Y., Donnadieu, Y., Sepulchre, P., Fluteau, F., Zhang, Z., Zhang, R., Su, B., Jiang, D., Schuster, M., Besse, J.Some illustrations of large tectonically driven climate changes in Earth history.Tectonics, doi.org/10.1029/ 2019TC005569Mantletectonics

Abstract: For the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the publication of the pioneering papers that established the basis of plate tectonic, this paper was solicited to illustrate the close relation between tectonics and climate. Amongst the large spectrum of interactions that depict how tectonics modified the climate at geological time steps, we choose to illustrate two major issues: (1) How the “tryptic” climate/long?term carbon cycle/tectonics explains the extraordinary glacial episode (717-635 Ma) occurring during Neoproterozoic era? (2) How major tectonic events (i.e., the slow shrinkage of a huge epicontinental sea and the uplift of large mountains ranges in Asia and Africa) drastically changed the climate and shaped the pattern of present?day monsoons systems. This paper is the result of long?standing collaboration with many researchers from different countries.
DS202012-2257
2020
Zhang, Z.Zhang, Z., Fedortchouk, Y., Hanley, J.J., Kerr, M.Diamond resorption and immiscibility of C-O-H fluid in kimberlites: evidence from experiments in H2O-CO2-SiO2-MgO-CaO system at 1-3 GPa.Lithos, in press available 15p. PdfMantlediamond morphology

Abstract: Kimberlites are the deepest sourced magmas emplaced at the Earth's surface. They provide a “window” into the processes at the base of the subcratonic mantle. A better understanding of the origin, composition, and emplacement mechanisms of kimberlites is hampered by uncertainties in the contents of the two main volatiles, H2O and CO2. Diamond dissolution in H2O and in CO2 fluids produces distinct resorption features offering an opportunity to determine the composition of the magmatic fluid in kimberlites. Here we examined the relationship between H2O:CO2 ratio of the fluid and the style of diamond resorption by conducting experiments in C-O-H fluid saturated with silicates with variable H2O:CO2 ratios at the conditions of kimberlite ascent of 1-3 GPa and 1150-1350 °C. Our results showed that the geometry of etch pits on diamond and the resorption style evolve consistently as bulk CO2 content of the fluid changes from 0 to 50 to 50-90 and 90-100 mol%. The fluid composition at the run conditions was monitored by entrapment of synthetic fluid inclusions in olivine and quartz. The inclusions demonstrated the existence of a fluid miscibility gap at 1-3 GPa and 1250 °C with two fluid endmembers, an aqueous and a carbonic phase, which H2O:CO2 ratio at 1 GPa determined with confocal Raman microscopy is (H2O)0.62(CO2)0.38 and (H2O)0.12(CO2)0.88 respectively. Hence, diamond resorption morphology depends on the proportions of the end-member aqueous and carbonic fluids, which vary with the bulk composition of the fluid. The different density and ability of aqueous and carbonic fluids to dissolve silicates (olivine) would promote their separation in the rising magma column. Concentration of the lower density aqueous fluid towards the tip of the propagating dyke would facilitate more efficient fracturing of the country rocks and faster ascent of the kimberlite magma causing explosive eruption. We propose that preferential attachment of aqueous fluid bubbles would help to increase the buoyancy of olivine xenocrysts and possibly diamond in the kimberlite magma offering a mechanism for transporting the heavy mantle cargo.
DS202103-0421
2021
Zhang, Z.Wang, C., Zhang, Z., Giuliani, A., Cheng, Z., Liu, B., Kong, W.Geochemical and O-C-Sr-Nd isotopic constraints on the petrogenetic link between aillikites and carbonatites in the Tarim Large Igneous Province.Journal of Petrology, in press available 69p. PdfChinacarbonatites

Abstract: Aillikites are carbonate-rich ultramafic lamprophyres often associated with carbonatites. Despite their common field relationships, the petrogenetic links, if any, between aillikites and carbonatites remain controversial. To address this question, this study reports the results of a detailed geochemical and isotopic examination of the Permian Wajilitag aillikites in the northwestern Tarim large igneous province, including bulk-rock major-, trace-element and Sr-Nd isotope compositions, olivine major- and trace-element and (in-situ secondary ion mass spectrometry) oxygen isotope compositions, oxygen isotope data for clinopyroxene separates, and bulk-carbonate C-O isotopic analyses. Olivine in the aillikites occurs in two textural types: (i) microcrysts, 0.3-5?mm; and (ii) macrocrysts, 0.5-2.5?cm. The microcrysts exhibit well-defined linear correlations between Fo (79-89), minor and trace elements (e.g., Ni?=?1304-3764??g/g and Mn?=?1363-3042??g/g). In contrast, the olivine macrocrysts show low Fo79-81, Ni (5.3-442??g/g) and Ca (477-1018??g/g) and very high Mn (3418-5123??g/g) contents, and are displaced from the compositional trend of the microcrysts. The microcrysts are phenocrysts crystallized from the host aillikite magmas. Conversely, the lack of mantle-derived xenoliths in these aillikites suggests that the macrocrysts probably represent cognate crystals (i.e., antecrysts) that formed from earlier, evolved aillikite melts. Olivine phenocrysts in the more primitive aillikite dykes (Dyke 1) have relatively higher Fo82-89 and mantle-like oxygen isotope values, whereas those in the more evolved dykes (Dyke 2 and 3) exhibit lower Fo79-86 and oxygen isotope values that trend toward lower than mantle ?18O values. The decreasing ?13C values of carbonate from Dyke 1 through to Dyke 2 and 3, coupled with the indistinguishable Sr-Nd isotopes of these dykes, suggest that the low ?18O values of olivine phenocrysts in Dyke 2 and 3 resulted from carbonate melt/fluid exsolution from a common progenitor melt. These lines of evidence combined with the overlapping emplacement ages and Sr-Nd isotope compositions of the aillikites and carbonatites in this area suggest that these exsolved carbonate melts probably contributed to the formation of the Tarim carbonatites thus supporting a close petrogenetic relationship between aillikites and carbonatites.
DS202103-0426
2021
Zhang, Z.Zhou, L., Chai, C., Zhang, W., Song, Y., Zhang, Z., Yang, Y.oI20-carbon: a new superhard carbon allotrope.Diamond & Related Materials, Vol. 113, 108284, 8p. PdfGlobalcarbon

Abstract: A new orthorhombic carbon crystal denoted oI20?carbon possessing the Immm space group was designed. Its structure is formed by stacking of a cage structure, which consists of 32 carbon atoms. Its stability and structural, mechanical and electronic properties were investigated by first-principles simulations. Density functional theory calculations show that this new carbon allotrope is thermodynamically stable (even more stable than synthesized T?carbon and supercubane). Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations show that it can maintain the structure above a temperature of 1000 K, indicating its excellent thermal stability. oI20?carbon can also maintain dynamic stability under a high pressure of 100 GPa. It is an anisotropic superhard material with a Vickers hardness of 46.62 GPa. Notably, the cage structure gives it a low density, which has a really small value among superhard carbon allotropes. In addition, it is worth noting that oI20?carbon has an indirect ultrawide band structure with a bandgap of 4.55 eV (HSE06), which is higher than that of most previously reported superhard carbon allotropes. All these outstanding properties show that it is a potential material for high-temperature, high-frequency electronic devices and the aerospace industry.
DS202108-1313
2021
Zhang, Z.Wang, C., Zhang, Z., Xie, Q., Cheng, Z., Kong, W., Liu, B., Santosh, M., Jin, S.Olivine from aillikites in the Tarim large igneous province as a window into mantle metasomatism and multi-stage magma evolution.American Mineralogist, Vol. 106, pp. 1064-1076.Chinametasomatism

Abstract: Aillikites are carbonate-rich ultramafic lamprophyres, and although they are volumetrically minor components of large igneous province (LIP), these rocks provide important clues to melting and meta-somatism in the deep mantle domain during the initial stages of LIPs. In this study, we investigate the Wajilitag “kimberlites” in the northwestern part of the Tarim LIP that we redefine as hypabyssal aillikites based on the following features: (1) micro-phenocrystic clinopyroxene and Ti-rich andradite garnet occurring in abundance in the carbonate-rich matrix; (2) Cr-spinel exhibiting typical Fe-Ti enrichment trend also known as titanomagnetite trend; and (3) olivine showing dominantly low Mg values (Fo < 90). To constrain the magma source and evolution, the major, minor, and trace element abundance in olivine grains from these rocks were analyzed using electron microprobe and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Olivine in the aillikites occurs as two textural types: (1) groundmass olivines, as sub-rounded grains in matrix, and (2) macrocrysts, as euhedral-anhedral crystals in nodules. The groundmass olivines show varying Mg (Fo89-80) with high-Ni (1606-3418 ppm) and Mn (1424-2860 ppm) and low-Ca (571-896 ppm) contents. In contrast, the macrocrysts exhibit a restricted Fo range but a wide range in Ni and Mn. The former occurs as phenocrysts, whereas the latter are cognate cumulates that formed from earlier, evolved aillikite melt. The two olivine populations can be further divided into sub-groups, indicating a multi-stage crystallization history of the aillikite melt. The crystallization temperatures of groundmass olivines and macrocrysts in dunite nodules as computed from the spinel-olivine thermometers are 1005-1136 and 906-1041 °C, respectively. The coupled enrichment of Ca and Ti and lack of correlation between Ni and Sc and Co in the olivine grains suggest a carbonate-silicate metasomatized mantle source. Moreover, the high 100•Mn/Fe (average 1.67) at high Ni (up to 3418 ppm), overlapping with OIB olivine, and the 100•Ni/Mg (~1) of primitive Mg-Ni-rich groundmass olivines suggest a mixed source that involved phlogopite- and carbonate-rich metasomatic veins within mantle peridotite.
DS202110-1647
2021
Zhang, Z.Zhu, H., Ionov, D.A., Du, L., Zhang, Z., Sun, W.Ca-Sr isotope and chemical evidence for distinct sources of carbonatite and silicate mantle metasomatism.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 312, pp. 158-179. pdfEurope, Norwaydeposit - Spitzbergen

Abstract: Enrichments in light REE without concomitant enrichments in high-field-strength elements in mantle peridotites are usually attributed to inputs from carbonate-rich melts and referred to as ‘carbonatite’ metasomatism as opposed to interaction with evolved silicate melts. Alternatively, both enrichment types are ascribed to percolating volatile-bearing mafic liquids whose chemical signatures evolve from ‘silicate’ to ‘carbonatite’. Here we compare these models for peridotites in which these enrichment types are combined, as may be common in the mantle. We report new Ca-Sr-Nd isotope and chemical data for lherzolite and harzburgite xenoliths from Spitsbergen that were metasomatized, first, by silicate, then by carbonate-rich melts that formed carbonate-bearing pockets replacing earlier minerals. Seven crushed samples were treated with acetic acid that dissolved carbonates formed in the latest event, but not silicates. The leachates (acid-removed carbonates making up 0.6-1.4% of total sample mass) contain much more Sr than the residues after leaching (277-2923 vs. 16-60 ppm), have a greater overall 87Sr/86Sr range (0.7049-0.7141 vs. 0.7036-0.7055) and higher 87Sr/86Sr in each sample than the residues. The leachates have lower ?44/40Ca range (0.17-0.68‰) than the residues (0.78-1.00‰), as well as lower ?44/40Ca than the residues in all samples but one. By and large, the carbonates are out of Ca-Sr isotope equilibrium with the host peridotites implying that the older silicate and younger carbonatite metasomatism were produced by different parental melts, thus supporting the existence of distinctive carbonate-rich metasomatic media in the lithospheric mantle, possibly including recycled materials. The ?44/40Ca in the leachates (i.e. carbonates, 0.17-0.68‰) are well below bulk silicate Earth (BSE) estimates (0.94 ± 0.05‰) and ?44/40Ca in non-metasomatized melt-depleted mantle. Yet, ?44/40Ca in the non-leached whole rock (WR) carbonate-bearing samples (0.75-0.95‰) fall within, or are only slightly lower than, the BSE range. The 87Sr/86Sr range in these WR samples (0.7030-0.7112) includes very high values for peridotites with large aggregates of dolomite and Mg-calcite. It appears that both carbonatite and silicate metasomatism may produce ?44/40Ca values lower than the BSE such that Ca-isotope data cannot robustly tell apart these two enrichment types, yet carbonatite metasomatism may yield the lowest ?44/40Ca. Carbonates, even at small mass fractions, are significant hosts of Sr in the WR Spitsbergen peridotites (8-51 wt.% of Sr mass) because of very high Sr concentrations, but add little to WR Ca balance (3-12 wt.%). As a result, high Sr content and 87Sr/86Sr ratios may be indices (though not definitive proofs) of carbonatite metasomatism in mantle rocks.
DS202203-0344
2022
Zhang, Z.Fedortchouk, Y., Chinn, I., Zhang, Z., Stern, R.A., Perritt, S.H., Li, Z.Diamond-destructive mantle metasomatism: evidence from the internal and external textures of diamonds and their nitrogen defects.Lithos, Vol. 414-415, 19p. Mantlemetasomatism

Abstract: Metasomatic processes modify the composition of the subcratonic lithospheric mantle and can either form or destroy diamonds. The composition of these metasomatic agents is uncertain and has been mostly deduced from chemical zonation and overprints recorded by associated mantle silicates. Diamonds experience partial dissolution (resorption) during their residence in the mantle due to mantle metasomatism and later during their ascent in kimberlite magma. Diamonds, enclosed inside mantle xenoliths during the whole duration of ascent in kimberlite magma, can preserve their pre-kimberlite surface features, which record the last diamond-destructive metasomatic event to have occurred in the mantle. The geometry of diamond dissolution features acquired during mantle storage can provide information about diamond-destructive metasomatic events in the mantle. Diamond samples recovered from inside mantle xenoliths are extremely rare and mostly limited to eclogitic lithology, which suggests that variable resistance of different mantle lithologies to disintegration in kimberlite magma may affect representativity of these sample. Here we use whole diamond populations from exploration parcels and apply our earlier developed set of criteria to distinguish between kimberlitic and pre-kimberlitic surface features on diamonds. The study used diamonds (<1 to 4.5 mm size) from eight kimberlites in three localities: Orapa cluster, Botswana (BK1, AK15, and AK1 kimberlites), Ekati Mine, Northwest Territories, Canada (Grizzly, Leslie, Koala, and Misery kimberlites), and Snap Lake kimberlite dyke, Northwest Territories, Canada. The host kimberlites cover seven different volcaniclastic and coherent kimberlite lithologies, and our previous studies demonstrated a correlation between the style of kimberlitic resorption on diamonds and the host kimberlite lithology for these samples. From the total of 3256 studied diamonds, we identified 534 diamonds with pre-kimberlite surface textures. These pre-kimberlite surface textures display six distinct types, which are present in all the studied diamond parcels regardless of their geographic locality and host kimberlite lithology. The relative proportions of these types depend on the geographic locality showing linkage to a specific mantle source. We examined the relationship between the surface features on diamonds, their growth patterns revealed in cathodoluminescence (CL) images, the content and aggregation of nitrogen defects using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nitrogen content in specific growth zones of diamonds obtained using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for 82 Ekati diamonds. Our data show that growth step-faces develop on diamonds with complex multi-crystal cores, whereas flat-faced octahedra with simple oscillatory-zoned growth patterns derive from single growth events. Initial stages of dissolution affecting only outer growth zones develop simple serrate laminae on diamonds, while more extensive dissolution exposes more complex growth zones developing various shapes of laminae and etch features (trigons and irregular asperities). The effect of internal growth patterns on dissolution features is more profound during pre-kimberlitic than kimberlite-related resorption likely due to the greater role of defects in diamond dissolution at mantle conditions. Comparison with the results of diamond dissolution experiments shows that metasomatism by C-O-H fluid is not destructive to diamond, while carbonate-silicate melt-driven metasomatism causes diamond dissolution. Continuous change in the silicate content of silicate?carbonate melts and temperature variations within 200 °C can explain all pre-kimberlite dissolution features observed in this study. Similar pre-kimberlite dissolution features on diamonds from both the Zimbabwe and Slave cratons suggests that these metasomatic processes are widespread and affected the mantle below the eight studied kimberlites.
DS202205-0729
2022
Zhang, Z.Wang, C., Zhang, Z., Giuliani, A., Cai, R., Cheng, Z., Liu, J.New insights into the mantle source of a large igneous province from highly siderophile element and Sr-Nd-Os isotope compositions of carbonate-rich ultramafic lamprophyres.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 326, pp. 77-96.Chinaallikites

Abstract: Despite being volumetrically minor components, carbonate-rich ultramafic magmas like aillikites represent good candidates to investigate the compositional variations in plume and/or lithospheric mantle sources because they represent low-degree melts which preferentially sample highly fusible components including recycled crustal material. To gain new insights into the composition of the plume-related magmas and, more broadly, the petrogenesis of ultramafic lamprophyres, we have undertaken the first comprehensive study of bulk rock and mineral (olivine and Ti-magnetite) highly siderophile element (HSE) abundances and Re-Os isotopes combined with in situ major-, trace-element and Sr-Nd isotope analyses of apatite and perovskite from the Permian Wajilitag aillikites of the Tarim large igneous province, China. The Wajilitag aillikites have high PPGE (Pt and Pd) contents relative to IPGE (Os, Ir and Ru), which can be ascribed to low-degree partial melting and/or fractionation of olivine and laurite. Measured 187Os/188Os ratios are moderately to highly radiogenic (0.186-0.313) with age-corrected ?Os values up to +113. In situ Sr and Nd isotope analyses of apatite phenocrysts (87Sr/86Sr(i) = 0.70349-0.70384; ?Nd(i) = +1.3 to +4.9) and fresh perovskite grains (87Sr/86Sr(i) = 0.70340-0.70390; ?Nd(i) = +1.3 to +3.8) exhibit limited variability both within and across samples from different aillikite dykes and the only volcanic pipe in the area. These Nd isotopic values resemble those from bulk-rock samples (?Nd(i) = +1.9 to +5.2), whereas Sr in apatite and perovskite extends to marginally less radiogenic values than the bulk-rock compositions (87Sr/86Sr(i) = 0.70362-0.70432). The moderately depleted Sr-Nd isotope compositions of magmatic apatite and perovskite, and the previously reported mantle-like C isotope values of these samples suggest that the aillikites and their carbon probably derived from a sub-lithospheric (plume) source with minimal contribution of deeply subducted material. Conversely, the radiogenic Os isotope compositions of the Tarim aillikites and separated minerals require some contribution from recycled crustal material in the plume source. Mass balance calculations suggest that the radiogenic Os isotopes and moderately depleted Sr-Nd isotopes can be reproduced by less than one third of eclogite component addition to a moderately depleted mantle source. We conclude that the combination of complementary isotopic systems can enlighten contributions from different components to mantle-derived magmas and, in this case, clarifies the occurrence of carbon-free subducted oceanic crust in the Tarim plume.
DS201112-1170
2011
Zhang, Z.C.Zhao, Z., Niu, Y., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, W., Hou, Q., Zhang, Z.M., Xie, H., Zhang, Z.C., Liu, J.Delamination and ultradeep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultrahigh pressure met. rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.MantleUHP
DS200812-1322
2008
Zhang, Z.H.Zheng, J.P., Sun, M., Griffin, W.L., Zhou, M.F., Zhao, G.C., Robinson, P., Tang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.H.Age and geochemistry of contrasting peridotite types in the Dabie UHP belt, eastern China: petrogenetic and geodynamic implications.Chemical Geology, Vol. 247, pp. 282-304.ChinaUHP
DS200612-1597
2006
Zhang, Z.M.Zhang, Z.M., Liou, J.G., Zhao, X.D., Shi, C.Petrogenesis of Maiobei rutile eclogites from the southern Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt, eastern China.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 24, 8, pp. 727-741.ChinaUHP
DS200912-0854
2009
Zhang, Z.M.Zhang, Z.M., Schertl, H.P., Wang, J.L., Shen, K., Liou, J.G.Source of coesite inclusions within inherited magmatic zircon from Sulu UHP rocks, eastern China, and their bearing for fluid rock interaction and SHRIMP dating.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 27, 4, pp. 317-333.ChinaUHP
DS201112-1164
2011
Zhang, Z.M.Zhang, Z.M., Dong, X., Liou, J.G., Liu, F., Wang, W., Yui, F.Metasomatism of garnet periodite from Jiangzhuang, Sulu UHP belt: constraints on the interactions between crust and mantle rocks during subduction of cont. lithosphereJournal of Metamorphic Geology, in press availableChinaUHP
DS201112-1165
2011
Zhang, Z.M.Zhang, Z.M., Dong, X., Liou, J.G., Liu, F., Wang, W., Yui, F.Metasomatism of garnet peridotite from Jiangzhuang, southern Sulu UHP belt: constraints on the interactions between crust and mantle rocks during subduction of continentalJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 9, pp. 917-937.ChinaUHP
DS201112-1166
2011
Zhang, Z.M.Zhang, Z.M., Shen, K., Liou, J.G., Dong, X., Wang, W., Yu, F., Liu, F.Fluid rock interactions during UHP metamorphism: a review of the Dabie Sulu orogen, east-central China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 42, 3, pp. 316-329.ChinaUHP
DS201112-1168
2011
Zhang, Z.M.Zhao, Z., Niu, N.I., Christensen, W., Zhou, Q., Zhang, Z.M., Xie, Z.C., Zhang, J.L.Delamination and ultradeep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.MantleSubduction, UHP
DS201112-1170
2011
Zhang, Z.M.Zhao, Z., Niu, Y., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, W., Hou, Q., Zhang, Z.M., Xie, H., Zhang, Z.C., Liu, J.Delamination and ultradeep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultrahigh pressure met. rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.MantleUHP
DS201212-0820
2012
Zhang, Z.M.Zhang, Z.M., Shen, K., Liou, J.G., Dong, X., Wang, W., Yu, F., Liu, F.Fluid rock interactions during UHP metamorphism: a review of the Dabie-Sulu orogen, east central China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vo. 43, 3, pp. 316-329.ChinaUHP
DS202011-2032
2020
Zhang, Z-C.Cai, W-C., Zhang, Z-C., Zhu, J., Santosh, M., Pan, R-H.Genesis of high ni-olivine phenocrysts of the Dali picrites in the central Emeishan large igneous province.Geological Magazine, doi: 10.1017/ S0016756820001053 10p. Chinapicrites

Abstract: The Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP) in SW China is considered to be a typical mantle-plume-derived LIP. The picrites formed at relatively high temperatures in the ELIP, providing one of the important lines of argument for the role of mantle plume. Here we report trace-element data on olivine phenocrysts in the Dali picrites from the ELIP. The olivines are Ni-rich, and characterized by high (>1.4) 100×Mn/Fe value and low (<13) 10 000×Zn/Fe value, indicating a peridotite-dominated source. Since the olivine-melt Ni partition coefficient (KDNiol/melt) will decrease at high temperatures and pressures, the picrites derived from peridotite melting at high pressure, and that crystallized olivines at lower pressure, can generate high concentrations of Ni in olivine phenocrysts, excluding the necessity of a metasomatic pyroxenite contribution. Based on the Al-in-olivine thermometer, olivine crystallization temperature and mantle potential temperature (T P) were calculated at c. 1491°C and c. 1559°C, respectively. Our results are c. 200°C higher than that of the normal asthenospheric mantle, and are consistent with the role of a mantle thermal plume for the ELIP.
DS201711-2521
2017
Zhang, Z-F.Kang, J-T, Ionov, D.A., Liu, F., Zhang, C-L., Golovin, A.V., Qin, L-P., Zhang, Z-F., Huang, F.Calcium isotopic fractionation in mantle peridotites by melting and metasomatism and Ca isotope composition of the Bulk Silicate Earth.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 474, pp. 128-137.Mantleperidotites

Abstract: To better constrain the Ca isotopic composition of the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE) and explore the Ca isotope fractionation in the mantle, we determined the Ca isotopic composition of 28 peridotite xenoliths from Mongolia, southern Siberia and the Siberian craton. The samples are divided in three chemical groups: (1) fertile, unmetasomatized lherzolites (3.7-4.7 wt.% Al2O3); (2) moderately melt-depleted peridotites (1.3-3.0 wt.% Al2O3) with no or very limited metasomatism (LREE-depleted cpx); (3) strongly metasomatized peridotites (LREE-enriched cpx and bulk rock) further divided in subgroups 3a (harzburgites, 0.1-1.0% Al2O3) and 3b (fertile lherzolites, 3.9-4.3% Al2O3). In Group 1, ?44/40Ca of fertile spinel and garnet peridotites, which experienced little or no melting and metasomatism, show a limited variation from 0.90 to 0.99‰ (relative to SRM 915a) and an average of 0.94 ± 0.05‰ (2SD, ), which defines the Ca isotopic composition of the BSE. In Group 2, the ?44/40Ca is the highest for three rocks with the lowest Al2O3, i.e. the greatest melt extraction degrees (average ‰, i.e. ?0.1‰ heavier than the BSE estimate). Simple modeling of modal melting shows that partial melting of the BSE with ranging from 0.10 to 0.25 can explain the Group 2 data. By contrast, ?44/40Ca in eight out of nine metasomatized Group 3 peridotites are lower than the BSE estimate. The Group 3a harzburgites show the greatest ?44/40Ca variation range (0.25-0.96‰), with ?44/40Ca positively correlated with CaO and negatively correlated with Ce/Eu. Chemical evidence suggests that the residual, melt-depleted, low-Ca protoliths of the Group 3a harzburgites were metasomatized, likely by carbonate-rich melts/fluids. We argue that such fluids may have low (?0.25‰) ?44/40Ca either because they contain recycled crustal components or because Ca isotopes, similar to trace elements and their ratios, may be fractionated by kinetic and/or chromatographic effects of melt percolation in the mantle. The ?44/40Ca in Group 3b lherzolites (0.83-0.89‰) are lower than in the BSE as well, but the effects of metasomatism on ?44/40Ca are smaller, possibly because of the high Ca contents in their protoliths and/or smaller ?44/40Ca differences between the protoliths and metasomatic agents. The BSE estimates based on fertile peridotites in this study fall in the ?44/40Ca ranges for oceanic and continental basalts, various meteorites (achondrites; carbonaceous, ordinary and enstatite chondrites), Mars, and the Moon. These results provide benchmarks for the application of Ca isotopes to planet formation, mantle evolution, and crustal recycling.
DS201802-0268
2018
Zhang, Z-f.Sun, W-d., Hawkesworth, C.J., Yao, C., Zhang, C-C., Huang, R.f., Liu, X., Sun, X-L, Ireland, T., Song, M-s., Ling, M-x., Ding, X., Zhang, Z-f., Fan, W-m., Wu, Z-q.Carbonated mantle domains at the base of the Earth's transition zone.Chemical Geology, Vol. 478, pp. 69-75.Mantlecarbonatite

Abstract: The oxygen fugacity of the upper mantle is 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than that of the lower mantle and this has been attributed to Fe2 + disproportionating into Fe3 + plus Fe0 at pressures > 24 GPa. The upper mantle might therefore have been expected to have evolved to more oxidizing compositions through geological time, but it appears that the oxygen fugacity of the upper mantle has remained constant for the last 3.5 billion years. Thus, it indicates that the mantle has been actively buffered from the accumulation of Fe3 +, and that this is linked to oxidation of diamond to carbonate coupled with reduction of Fe3 + to Fe2 +. When subducted plates penetrate into the lower mantle, compensational upwelling transports bridgmanite into the transition zone, where it breaks down to ringwoodite and majorite, releasing the ferric iron. The system returns to equilibrium through oxidation of diamond. Early in Earth history, diamond may have been enriched at the base of the transition zone in the Magma Ocean, because it is denser than peridotite melts at depths shallower than 660 km, and it is more buoyant below. Ongoing oxidation of diamond forms carbonate, leading to relatively high carbonate concentrations in the source of ocean island basalts.
DS201902-0280
2019
Zhang, Z-F.Ionov, D.A., Qi, Y-H., Kang, J-T., Golovin, A.V., Oleinikov, O.B., Zheng, W., Anbar, A.D., Zhang, Z-F., Huang, F.Calcium isotopic signatures of carbonatite and silicate metasomatism, melt percolation and crustal recycling in the lithospheric mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 248, pp. 1-13.Russia, Siberiacarbonatite

Abstract: Ca isotopes can be strongly fractionated at the Earth’s surface and thus may be tracers of subducted carbonates and other Ca-rich surface materials in mantle rocks, magmas and fluids. However, the ?44/40Ca range in the mantle and the scope of intra-mantle isotope fractionation are poorly constrained. We report Ca isotope analyses for 22 mantle xenoliths: four basalt-hosted refractory peridotites from Tariat in Mongolia and 18 samples from the Obnazhennaya (Obn) kimberlite on the NE Siberian craton. Obn peridotites are Paleoproterozoic to Archean melting residues metasomatised by carbonate-rich and/or silicate melts including unique xenoliths that contain texturally equilibrated carbonates. ?44/40Ca in 15 Obn xenoliths shows limited variation (0.74-0.97‰) that overlaps the value (0.94?±?0.05‰) inferred for the bulk silicate Earth from data on fertile lherzolites, but is lower than ?44/40Ca for non-metasomatised refractory peridotites from Mongolia (1.10?±?0.03‰). Bulk ?44/40Ca in four Obn peridotites containing metasomatic carbonates ranges from 0.81?±?0.08‰ to 0.83?±?0.06‰, with similar values in acid-leachates and leaching residues, indicating isotopic equilibration of the carbonates with host rocks. We infer that (a) metasomatism tends to decrease ?44/40Ca values of the mantle, but its effects are usually limited (?0.3‰); (b) Ca isotopes cannot distinguish "carbonatite" and "silicate" types of mantle metasomatism. The lowest ?44/40Ca value (0.56‰) was obtained for a phlogopite-bearing Obn peridotite with a very high Ca/Al of 8 suggesting that the greatest metasomatism-induced Ca isotope shifts may be seen in rocks initially low in Ca that experienced significant Ca input leading to high Ca/Al. Two Obn peridotites, a dunite (melt channel material) and a veined spinel wehrlite, have high ?44/40Ca values (1.22‰ and 1.38‰), which may be due to isotope fractionation by diffusion during silicate melt intrusion and percolation in the host mantle. Overall, we find no evidence that recycling of crustal carbonates may greatly affect Ca isotope values in the global mantle or on a regional scale.
DS201903-0519
2018
Zhang, Z-F.Ionov, D.A., Qi, Y-H., Kang, J-T., Golovin, A.V., Oleinikov, O.B., Zheng, W., Anbar, A.D., Zhang, Z-F., Huang, F.Calcium isotopic signatures of carbonatite and silicate metasomatism, melt percolation and crustal recyclying in the lithospheric mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 248, pp. 1-13.Mantlecarbonatite

Abstract: Ca isotopes can be strongly fractionated at the Earth’s surface and thus may be tracers of subducted carbonates and other Ca-rich surface materials in mantle rocks, magmas and fluids. However, the ?44/40Ca range in the mantle and the scope of intra-mantle isotope fractionation are poorly constrained. We report Ca isotope analyses for 22 mantle xenoliths: four basalt-hosted refractory peridotites from Tariat in Mongolia and 18 samples from the Obnazhennaya (Obn) kimberlite on the NE Siberian craton. Obn peridotites are Paleoproterozoic to Archean melting residues metasomatised by carbonate-rich and/or silicate melts including unique xenoliths that contain texturally equilibrated carbonates. ?44/40Ca in 15 Obn xenoliths shows limited variation (0.74-0.97‰) that overlaps the value (0.94?±?0.05‰) inferred for the bulk silicate Earth from data on fertile lherzolites, but is lower than ?44/40Ca for non-metasomatised refractory peridotites from Mongolia (1.10?±?0.03‰). Bulk ?44/40Ca in four Obn peridotites containing metasomatic carbonates ranges from 0.81?±?0.08‰ to 0.83?±?0.06‰, with similar values in acid-leachates and leaching residues, indicating isotopic equilibration of the carbonates with host rocks. We infer that (a) metasomatism tends to decrease ?44/40Ca values of the mantle, but its effects are usually limited (?0.3‰); (b) Ca isotopes cannot distinguish "carbonatite" and "silicate" types of mantle metasomatism. The lowest ?44/40Ca value (0.56‰) was obtained for a phlogopite-bearing Obn peridotite with a very high Ca/Al of 8 suggesting that the greatest metasomatism-induced Ca isotope shifts may be seen in rocks initially low in Ca that experienced significant Ca input leading to high Ca/Al. Two Obn peridotites, a dunite (melt channel material) and a veined spinel wehrlite, have high ?44/40Ca values (1.22‰ and 1.38‰), which may be due to isotope fractionation by diffusion during silicate melt intrusion and percolation in the host mantle. Overall, we find no evidence that recycling of crustal carbonates may greatly affect Ca isotope values in the global mantle or on a regional scale.
DS201904-0749
2019
Zhang, Z-F.Ionov, D.A., Qi, YpH., Kang, J-T., Golovin, A.V., Oleinkov, O.B., Zheng, W., Anbar, A.D., Zhang, Z-F., Huang, F.Calcium isotopic signatures of carbonatite and silicate metasomatism, melt percolation and crustal recycling in the lithospheric mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 248, pp. 1-13.Mantle, Asia, Mongolia, Russia, Siberiametasomatism

Abstract: Ca isotopes can be strongly fractionated at the Earth’s surface and thus may be tracers of subducted carbonates and other Ca-rich surface materials in mantle rocks, magmas and fluids. However, the ?44/40Ca range in the mantle and the scope of intra-mantle isotope fractionation are poorly constrained. We report Ca isotope analyses for 22 mantle xenoliths: four basalt-hosted refractory peridotites from Tariat in Mongolia and 18 samples from the Obnazhennaya (Obn) kimberlite on the NE Siberian craton. Obn peridotites are Paleoproterozoic to Archean melting residues metasomatised by carbonate-rich and/or silicate melts including unique xenoliths that contain texturally equilibrated carbonates. ?44/40Ca in 15 Obn xenoliths shows limited variation (0.74-0.97‰) that overlaps the value (0.94?±?0.05‰) inferred for the bulk silicate Earth from data on fertile lherzolites, but is lower than ?44/40Ca for non-metasomatised refractory peridotites from Mongolia (1.10?±?0.03‰). Bulk ?44/40Ca in four Obn peridotites containing metasomatic carbonates ranges from 0.81?±?0.08‰ to 0.83?±?0.06‰, with similar values in acid-leachates and leaching residues, indicating isotopic equilibration of the carbonates with host rocks. We infer that (a) metasomatism tends to decrease ?44/40Ca values of the mantle, but its effects are usually limited (?0.3‰); (b) Ca isotopes cannot distinguish “carbonatite” and “silicate” types of mantle metasomatism. The lowest ?44/40Ca value (0.56‰) was obtained for a phlogopite-bearing Obn peridotite with a very high Ca/Al of 8 suggesting that the greatest metasomatism-induced Ca isotope shifts may be seen in rocks initially low in Ca that experienced significant Ca input leading to high Ca/Al. Two Obn peridotites, a dunite (melt channel material) and a veined spinel wehrlite, have high ?44/40Ca values (1.22‰ and 1.38‰), which may be due to isotope fractionation by diffusion during silicate melt intrusion and percolation in the host mantle. Overall, we find no evidence that recycling of crustal carbonates may greatly affect Ca isotope values in the global mantle or on a regional scale.
DS201808-1785
2018
Zhang, Z-H.Rose, B.C. ,Huang, D., Zhang, Z-H., Stevenson, P., Tyryshkin, A.M., Sangtawesin, S., Srinivasan, S., Loudin, L., Markham, M.L., Edmonds, A.M., Twitchen, D.J., Lyon, S.A., de Leon, N.P.Observation of an environmentally insensitive solid-state spin defect in diamond.Science , Vol. 361, July 6, p. 60-63.Technologysynthetic

Abstract: Engineering coherent systems is a central goal of quantum science. Color centers in diamond are a promising approach, with the potential to combine the coherence of atoms with the scalability of a solid-state platform. We report a color center that shows insensitivity to environmental decoherence caused by phonons and electric field noise: the neutral charge state of silicon vacancy (SiV0). Through careful materials engineering, we achieved >80% conversion of implanted silicon to SiV0. SiV0 exhibits spin-lattice relaxation times approaching 1 minute and coherence times approaching 1 second. Its optical properties are very favorable, with ~90% of its emission into the zero-phonon line and near -transform-limited optical linewidths. These combined properties make SiV0 a promising defect for quantum network applications.
DS1984-0795
1984
Zhang, ZH.M.Zhang, ZH.M., Liu, J.G., Coleman, R.G.An Outline of the Plate Tectonics of ChinaGeological Society of America (GSA) Bulletin., Vol. 95, PP. 295-312. ALSO: Vol. 96, No. 3, PP. 407-408.ChinaGeotectonics, Regional Structure
DS202008-1458
2020
Zhang, Z-K.Xue, S., Ling, M-X., Liu, Y-L., Kang, Q-Q., Huang, R-F., Zhang, Z-K., Sun, W.The formation of the giant Huayangchuan U-Nb deposit associated with carbonatite in the Qinqling orogenic belt.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 122, 103498, 16p. PdfChinacarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatitic magmatism plays a significant role in outgassing carbon from mantle and the formation of rare earth element (REE), rare metal (e.g., Nb and Th) and other types of deposits. The mechanism of REE mineralization associated with carbonatite have been widely studied. However, it is hard to understand U-Nb mineralization without Th enrichment associated with carbonatite. Here we report a carbonatite-hosted U-Nb deposit in Huayangchuan, located in the north Qinling Orogenic Belt. Field observation, mineralogy and geochemical analysis on a suite of drillhole samples were conducted to decipher the mineralization mechanism and its relationship with carbonatite. Huayangchuan carbonatite samples mainly consist of calcite and augite with small volume of accessory minerals (e.g., allanite, fluorapatite, barite and celestite). Betafite [(Ca,U)2(Ti,Nb,Ta)2O6(OH)] is the major ore-bearing mineral in Huayangchuan deposit. The carbonatite shows high CaO, low MgO and alkali contents, which should be products to be differentiated from primary carbonatite (high MgO and alkali contents). The immiscibility and crystallization processes could explain the high CaO/(CaO + MgO + FeO) ratios and the enrichment of LILE. Numerical modeling also indicates positive ?18OSMOW (7.29 to 15.53‰) and negative ?13CPDB (?5.26 to ?10.08‰) shifts are induced by reduced sediments assimilation from source consistent with there being enriched Sr-Nd and low Mg isotopic compositions. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of Huayangchuan carbonatite yielded Triassic ages of 229 ± 3 Ma, which corresponds to the post-collision stage of Qinling Orogen during the middle-late Triassic. We then proposed that the recycling of subducted sediments and later re-melting of those materials in shallow mantle generated the Huayangchuan carbonatite and subsequently formed the Huayangchuan deposit. Fluorine concentration decrease, caused by fluorapatite crystallization, ultimately resulted in betafite mineralization.
DS201705-0878
2017
Zhang, ZL.Song, WL, Xu, C., Chakhmouradian, A.R., Kynicky, J., Huang, K., Zhang, ZL.Carbonatites of Tarim ( NW China): first evidence of crustal contribution in carbonatites from a large igneous province.Lithos, Vol. 282-283, pp. 1-9.ChinaCarbonatite, subduction

Abstract: Many carbonatites are associated both spatially and temporally with large igneous provinces (LIPs), and considered to originate from a mantle plume source lacking any contribution from recycled crustal materials. Here, we report an occurrence of carbonatite enriched in rare-earth elements (REE) and associated with the Tarim LIP in northwestern China. The Tarim LIP comprises intrusive and volcanic products of mantle plume activity spanning from ~ 300 to 280 Ma. The carbonatites at Wajilitage in the northwestern part of Tarim are dominated by calcite and dolomite varieties, and contain abundant REE minerals (principally, monazite and REE-fluorcarbonates). Th-Pb age determination of monazite yielded an emplacement age of 266 ± 5.3 Ma, i.e. appreciably younger than the eruption age of flood basalts at ~ 290 Ma. The carbonatites show low initial 87Sr/86Sr (0.7037-0.7041) and high ?Nd(t) (1.2-4) values, which depart from the isotopic characteristics of plume-derived basalts and high-Mg picrites from the same area. This indicates that the Wajilitage carbonatites derived from a mantle source isotopically distinct from the one responsible for the voluminous (ultra)mafic volcanism at Tarim. The carbonatites show ?26MgDSM3 values (? 0.99 to ? 0.65‰) that are significantly lower than those in typical mantle-derived rocks and rift carbonatites, but close to marine sediments and orogenic carbonatites. We propose that the carbonatites in the Tarim LIP formed by decompressional melting of recycled sediments mixed with the ambient mantle peridotite. The enriched components in the Tarim plume could be accounted for by the presence of recycled sedimentary components in the subcontinental mantle.
DS200812-1317
2008
Zhang, Z-M.Zhang, Z-M., Shen, K., Sun, W-D., Liu, Y-S., Liou, C.S., Wang, J-L.Fluids in deeply subducted continental crust: petrology, mineral chemistry and fluid inclusion of UHP metamorphic veins from the Sulu Orogen, eastern China.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 72, 13, July 1, pp. 3200-3228.ChinaUHP
DS201508-0358
2015
Zhang, Z-M.He, X-F., Santosh, M., Zhang, Z-M., Tsunogae, T., Chetty, T.R.K., Ram Moham, M., AnbazhaganShonkinites from Salem, southern India: implications for Cryogenian alkaline magmatism in rift related setting.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, in press availableIndiaShonkinites
DS202104-0616
2021
Zhang, Z-S.Wu, B., Hu, Y-Q., Bonnetti, C., Xu, C., Wang, R-C., Zhang, Z-S., Li, Z-Y., Yin, R.Hydrothermal alteration of pyrochlore group minerals from the Miaoya carbonatite complex, central China and its implications for Nb mineralization.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 132, 1040459, 16p. PdfChinadeposit - Miaoya

Abstract: Carbonatite represents a major host rock for niobium (Nb) resources worldwide. Both magmatic and post-magmatic metasomatic processes are crucial for Nb mineralization in carbonatites. However, the roles of these metasomatic processes are difficult to be evaluated due to their multiple origins and complexity of the physico-chemical conditions. In this study, we present detailed mineralogical investigations of pyrochlore group minerals and chemical U-Th-Pb geochronology of uraninite within the Miaoya carbonatite complex, aiming to better characterize the role of post-magmatic metasomatic events. The Miaoya complex (ca. 420-440?Ma) hosts the second largest carbonatite-related Nb deposit in China, mainly in the form of pyrochlore group minerals, ferrocolumbite and Nb-bearing rutile. Primary pyrochlore group minerals evolved from pyrochlore to uranpyrochlore, and ultimately reaching the betafite end-member during the magmatic stage. They have then experienced an episode of metasomatic events at 235.4?±?4.1?Ma, as determined by U-Th-Pb chemical ages of secondary uraninite. Fluids activity for uranpyrochlore alteration was concomitant with the hydrothermal reworking of REE mineralization, which was probably related to tectono-thermal events that occurred during the Triassic closure of the ancient Mianlue Ocean. During this process, hydration and decomposition of uranpyrochlore were characterized by the leaching of Na, Ca and F from its structure, the incorporation of Fe, Si, Sr and Ba from the fluids, and the final in situ replacement by secondary ferrocolumbite, uraninite and Nb-bearing rutile. In addition, parts of Nb and U liberated from uranpyrochlore by metamictization were then transported over distances of several hundreds of microns in relatively reducing (Fe, Si, S, CO2)-bearing fluids under high temperature, and were ultimately re-precipitated in amorphous Fe-Si-U-Nb-bearing oxide veins and poorly crystallized Nb-Ti-Ca-Fe-rich oxides. The relatively weak fluids activity failed to efficiently promote the Nb re-enrichment.
DS1990-0614
1990
Zhang AndiGuo Lihe, Wang Wuyi, Wang Alian, Zhang AndiInfrared spectroscopic study of pyropeInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 427-429ChinaSpectroscopy, Pyrope
DS1990-1534
1990
Zhang AndiWang Alian, Dhamelincourt, P., Guo Lihe, Wang Wuyi, Zhang AndiThe micro-structural variance in some minerals of the earth's mantle-revealed through micro-raman spectroscopyInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 495-496ChinaMicroscopy, Kimberlites, pyrope
DS1990-1536
1990
Zhang AndiWang Wuyi, Guo Lihe, Wang Alian, Zhang AndiA study of hydrous component in pyropeInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 497-498ChinaMicroscopy, Pyrope
DS1990-1624
1990
Zhang AndiZhang Andi, Meyer, H.O.A., Guo Lihe, Zhou Jianxiong, Xie Xilin, Wang Alian, XuComparative study of inclusions in diamonds with macrocrysts From kimberlites in north Chin a cratonInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 504-505ChinaDiamond inclusions, Macrocrysts
DS1991-1142
1991
Zhang AndiMeyer, H.O.A., Zhang Andi, Milledge, H.J, Mendelsshon, M.J., SealComprehensive investigations of Chinese diamondsProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 285-286ChinaDiamond inclusions, Shandong, microspectroscopy, Cathodluminesence, Liaoning, analyses
DS1991-1925
1991
Zhang AndiZhang Andi, Xu Dehuan, Xie Xiing, Guo Lihe, Zhou Jianzong, Wang WuyiThe status and future of diamond exploration in ChinaProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 10-12China, Russia, Australia, South AfricaSinokorean, Yangtze, Tarim, Fuxiam, Tieling, Huanren, Mengyi, Lamproites
DS1991-1931
1991
Zhang AndiZhou Jianxiong, Zhang Andi, Wang Wuyi, Xie Xilin, Guo LiheSpinel - as indicator for diamondProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 208-211ChinaSpinel -compositional range table, Geochemistry
DS1994-0675
1994
Zhang AndiGuo Lihe, Wang Alian, Wang Wuyi, Zhang AndiInfrared spectroscopic characteristics of garnets and spinels - a potential discriminative tool for diamond exploration.Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 2, pp. 357-365.ChinaGeothermometry, Diamond exploration
DS1994-1982
1994
Zhang AndiZhang Andi, Dehuan, X., Xiling, X., Lihe, G., Jianzong Z., Wuyi W.The status and future of diamond exploration in ChinaProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 2, pp. 268-284.ChinaDiamond exploration, Review
DS1994-1183
1994
Zhang AniMeyer, H.O.A., Zhang Ani, Milledge, H.J., Mendelssohn, M.J.Diamonds and mineral inclusions in diamonds from Shandong and LianongProvinces, China.Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 2, pp. 98-105.ChinaDiamond morphology
DS1995-0578
1995
Zhang BeiliGao Yan, Li Jingzhi, Zhang BeiliThe infrared microscope and rapid identification of gemstonesJournal of Gemology, Vol. 24, No. 6, April, pp. 411-414.GlobalMicroscopy
DS1990-0512
1990
Zhang BenrenGao Shan, Zhang Benren, Li ZejiuGeochemical evidence for Proterozoic continental arc and continental margin rift magmatism along the northern margin of the Yangtze craton, South ChinaPrecam. Res, Vol. 47, pp. 205-221ChinaCraton -Yangtze, Tectonics -rift
DS1991-1926
1991
Zhang DazhengZhang DazhengSpatial patterns of magma emplacement and their relations to crustalstructures; statistical and spectral methods and applicationsPh.d. thesis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 253pAfrica, West Africa, South Africa, MexicoMagmas, Ring complexes
DS1984-0793
1984
Zhang DequanZhang DequanThe Petrology of Lherzolite Inclusions in Alkaline Basalts from Some districts in Eastern China.Bulletin. Institute GEOL. (CHINESE ACAD. GEOL. SCI.), No. 9, PP. 29-51.China, Shandong, Jilin, NeimongoliaLherzolite, Xenoliths, Basalt
DS1989-1680
1989
Zhang DZZhang DZ, Lutz, T.Structural control of igneous complexes and kimberlites - a new statisticalmethodTectonophysics, Vol. 159, No. 1-2, Feb. 20, pp. 137-148South AfricaTectonics
DS1994-0721
1994
Zhang F.Harris, J.W., Duncan, D.J., Zhang F., Mia Q, Zhu Y.The physical characteristics and syngenetic inclusion geochemistry Of diamonds from Pipe 50, Lianoning Province #2Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 2, pp. 106-115.ChinaDiamond morphology, Geochemistry
DS1993-1294
1993
Zhang GuangwenRen Huaixiang, Zhang GuangwenGeology of the lamproites in Majiang, Guizdou. *CHIGuizhou Dizhi, *CHI, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 189-191.ChinaLamproites
DS1993-1295
1993
Zhang GuangwenRen Huaixing, Zhang GuangwenGeology of the lamproites in Majiang, Guizhou. *CHIGuizhou-Dizhi, *CHI, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 189-191.ChinaLamproite, Deposit -Majiang
DS1991-1017
1991
Zhang HongfuLu Fengxiang, Zheng Jianping, Zhao Lei, Zhang HongfuPalaeozoic lithosphere mantle feature beneath Fuxian, LiaoningProvince, China: the information from No. 50 kimberlite pipeProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 248-250ChinaGeochronology, geochemistry, mineralogy, xenolith, Teiling, Fuxian
DS1989-1681
1989
Zhang JianpingZhang JianpingAdvances in the studies of petrogeneis of kimberlite, easternLiaoning.*CHIDzhi Keji Qingbao ( Geol. Science and Techology information) *CHI, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 8-14ChinaPetrogenesis, Kimberlite
DS1987-0415
1987
Zhang JingfangLi Shanghuai, Zhang Jingfang, Zhou WeiqinThe mechanism of the formation of the kimberlite pipe group in Xiyu, Shandong provinceThe Third all China conference on tectonics, held August 1987, Vol. 3, p. 118. abstractChinaKimberlite genesis
DS1994-1786
1994
Zhang LeiTodd, D., Zhang LeiRegional policy ground in minerals exploitation. A Chinese exampleResources Policy, Vol. 20, No. 1, March pp. 5-14ChinaEconomics, Mineral development
DS1990-0496
1990
Zhang LimingFu Pingqiu, Xie Hongsen, Zhang LimingA structure mineralogical study of ringwooditeInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 490-491ChinaMineralogy, Ringwoodite
DS1990-0497
1990
Zhang LimingFu Pingqui, Xie Hongsen, Zhang LimingA structure -mineralogical study of ringwooditeChinese Journal of Geochemistry, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 99-103ChinaMineralogy, Ringwoodite
DS200612-1577
2006
Zhang MingYu, J-H., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang Ming, Griffin, W.L., Xu, X.Roles of melting and metasomatism in the formation of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Leizhou Peninsula, South China.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 47, 2, Feb. pp. 355-383.ChinaMetasomatism
DS1992-0924
1992
Zhang PeishanLeBas, M.J., Keller, J., Kejie, Tao, Wall, F., Williams, C.T., Zhang PeishanCarbonatite dykes at Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, ChinaMineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 195-228ChinaCarbonatite, Deposit -Bayan Obo
DS1990-0908
1990
Zhang Pei-shanLe Bas, M.J., Keller, J., Kejie, T., Wall, F., Williams, C.T., Zhang Pei-shanCarbonatite dikes at Bayan-Obo, Inner Mongolia, ChinaInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 2, extended abstract p. 940-941ChinaCarbonatite, Baiyan Obo -dikes
DS1980-0354
1980
Zhang PeiyuanZhang PeiyuanGeological Conditions of the Formation of the Diamond Bearing Kimberlite of the Southern Liaoning Province.Geological Review., Vol. 26, No. 1, PP. 30-34.China, LiaoningPetrology, Genesis
DS1991-1927
1991
Zhang RuayanZhang RuayanUltra high pressure metamorphism and retrograde reaction of coesite bearing quartz eclogite from Weihai, eastern ChinaEos Transactions, Vol. 72, No. 44, October 29, abstract p. 559ChinaCoesite, Eclogite
DS1975-1268
1979
Zhang ruyuanZhang ruyuan, YANG, Meie.The Calculation Method of Composition of GarnetScientia Geol. Sinica., Vol. 15, No. 1, PP. 98-99.ChinaGarnet, Endmember Calculation, Element Ratios
DS1984-0794
1984
Zhang ruyuanZhang ruyuan, BOLIN, C.Mineralogy of Peridotitic Inclusions, Xenocrysts in Basaltic Rocks from Silong, Qu County, Zhejiang Province.Scientia Geologica Sinica., Vol. 20, No. 1, PP. 58-71.ChinaBasaltic Rocks, Xenoliths
DS1975-0900
1978
Zhang ruyuan, YANG MEIE.Zhang ruyuan, YANG MEIE.Discussion on Garnet in Kimberlite and Related RocksScientia Geol. Sinica., Vol. 14, No. 2, PP. 139-148.ChinaMineral Chemistry, Garnet, Pyrope
DS1986-0894
1986
Zhang ShudaZhang ShudaSome phenomena and analyses in growing diamondJournal of Crystal. Growth, Vol. 79, No. 1-3, pt. 1, pp. 542-546GlobalCrystallography, Diamond
DS1988-0655
1988
Zhang WeijiSong Ziji, Zhang WeijiA discussion on the primary rock formation and forming conditions of the Kuan Ping group.*CHIYanshi Kuang. Zazhi, *CHI, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 118-126ChinaCarbonatite
DS1988-0779
1988
Zhang WenkuanZhang Wenkuan, Yan BenjinOre prospecting criteria and discriminant model for kimberlite typediamonds.*CHIMineral Deposits, *CHI, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 77-86. also noted as pp. 71-78ChinaKimberlite, Diamond genesis
DS1983-0648
1983
Zhang wenyou, (W.Y.CHANG)Zhang wenyou, (W.Y.CHANG), et al.The Marine and Continental Tectonic Map of Chin a and its Environs.Science Press, Beijing, 1: 5, 000, 000 6 SHEETSChinaMap
DS1990-1606
1990
Zhang YijunYan Yaoyang, Zhang YijunThe lower Proterozoic metamorphosed impure carbonatites southernJilin.*CHIJilin Geology, *CHI, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 34-39ChinaCarbonatite, Petrology
DS1992-1704
1992
Zhang YongXu Shutong, Jiang Laili, Liu Yican, Zhang YongTectonic framework and evolution of the Dabie Mountains in Anhui, EasternChina.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 5, No. 3, September pp. 221-238.ChinaTectonics, Coesite, diamonds
DS1986-0895
1986
Zhanng TiangeZhanng TiangeTest result of systematic aerogeophysical prospecting overkimberlite.*CHIGeophys. and Geochemical Exploration , *CHI, Vol.10, No. 4, pp. 315-318ChinaKimberlite, Geophysics
DS1988-0780
1988
ZhaoZhao, XiuyingRelation between pyrope and diamond in kimberlites,Liaoning province, China. *CHIKuangwu Xuebao, *CHI, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 31-38ChinaDiamond morphology, Pyrope
DS1990-1630
1990
ZhaoZhao, Xixi, Coe, R.S., Zhou Yaoxiu, Wu Haoruo, Wang, JieNew paleomagnetic results from northern China: collision and suturing with Siberia and KazakhstanTectonophysics, Vol. 181, pp. 43-81China, RussiaGeophysics, Paleomagnetics
DS1993-1816
1993
ZhaoZhao, Lian-SheLateral variations and azimuthal isotropy of Pn velocities beneath Basin and Range ProvinceJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 98, No. B 12, Dec. 10, pp. 22, 109-122Basin and RangeGeophyics -seismics
DS200912-0859
2009
ZhaoZheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Liu, G.L., Pearson, N., Zhang, W., Yu, C.M., Su, Tang, ZhaoNeoarchean ( 2.7-2.8 Ga) accretion beneath the North Chin a Craton: U Pn age.trace elemens and hf isotopes of zircons in Diamondiferous kimberlites.Lithos, Vol. 112, 3-4, pp. 188-202.ChinaGeochronology
DS201012-0765
2010
ZhaoSu, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Sakyi, P.A., Yang, Y-H., Ying, J-F., Tang, Y-J., Qin, K-Z., Xiao, Y., Zhao, Mao, MaThe origin of spongy texture in minerals of mantle xenoliths from the western Qinling, central China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, in press available, 18p.ChinaXenoliths
DS201312-0561
2014
ZhaoMa, L., Jiang, S-Y., Hofman, A.W., Dai, B-Z., Hou, M-L., Zhao, K-D, Chen, L-H., Jiang, Y.H.Lithospheric and asthenospheric sources of lamprophyres in the Jiadong Peninsula: a consequence of rapid lithospheric thinning beneath the North Chin a craton?Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 124, pp. 250-271.ChinaLamprophyre
DS200712-1241
2007
Zhao, A-F.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, A-F., Zhang, S-B.Metamorphic effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Pb isotope systems in eclogite facies metamorphic rocks from the Dabie Orogen.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 88-89.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1242
2007
Zhao, A-F.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, A-F., Zhang, S-B.Metamorphic effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Pb isotope systems in eclogite facies metamorphic rocks from the Dabie Orogen.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 88-89.ChinaUHP
DS2000-1043
2000
Zhao, C.Yongbei, Zhang, Zhao, C., Xu, C.The characteristics of apatitic carbonatite of Proterozoic Kunyang Rift, Yunnan China.Igc 30th. Brasil, Aug. abstract only 1p.ChinaCarbonatititic tuff
DS201607-1324
2016
Zhao, C.Zhao, C., Yoshino, T.Electrical conductivity of mantle clinopyroxene as a function of water content and its implication on electrical structure of uppermost mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 447, pp. 1-9.MantleWater content

Abstract: The electrical conductivity of San Carlos clinopyroxene aggregates with various water contents were measured under Ni -NiO buffer at 1.5 GPa and 600 -1200 K in a DIA-type apparatus. The conductivity increases with increasing water content in clinopyroxene. Hidden conduction mechanism was detected because of the much smaller iron content in clinopyroxene, which was usually covered by small polaron conduction in other nominally anhydrous minerals. The identified activation enthalpies ranged from 0.70 -0.75 eV to 1.23 -1.37 eV. Our result reveals that the dominant charge-carrying species in electrical conductivity could change with temperature and water content. At high temperatures relevant to asthenospheric condition, activation enthalpy for the conductivity agrees well with that for the hydrogen self-diffusion. The dominant charge carrier therefore might be M site vacancy. However, contrary to previous view that all hydrogens contribute to increasing conductivity equally, our result shows that only a limited amount (20% -40%) of hydrogen acts as effective charge carrier in clinopyroxene. On the other hand, the activation enthalpy for the conductivity at low temperatures is significantly lower than that for the hydrogen self-diffusion, similar to what has been observed in olivine and orthopyroxene. This type of conduction is probably caused by fast diffusion of specific hydrogen or fast hydrogen grain boundary diffusion. At low temperatures, the proton conduction of clinopyroxene is nearly one order and two orders of magnitude lower than those of olivine and orthopyroxene, respectively, and tends to converge at high temperatures. Using the present data combined with conductivity of olivine and orthopyroxene, a laboratory-based conductivity-depth profile in the uppermost mantle shows that hydrous clinopyroxene cannot account for the high conductive regions observed beneath the ocean floor near Eastern Pacific Rise. The presence of partial melt would be unavoidable.
DS201902-0325
2018
Zhao, C-X.Su, L-X., Zhao, C-X., Lou, Q., Chun-Yao, F., Li, Z., Shen, C-L., Zang, J-H., Jia, X-P., Shan, C-X.Efficient phosphorescence from synthetic diamonds.Carbon, Vol. 130, 1, pp. 384-389.Globalsynthetics

Abstract: Synthetic diamonds have inspired much interest for their unique photophysical properties and versatile potential applications, but their phosphorescent phenomenon and mechanism have been paid much less attention. Here, phosphorescent diamonds with a lifetime of 5.4?s were synthesized by high-pressure and high-temperature method, and the diamonds exhibit an emission band at around 468?nm under the excitation wavelength of 230?nm. The quantum yield of the phosphorescent diamonds is about 4.7% at ambient temperature and atmosphere, which is the first report on the quantum yield of diamonds. The unique phosphorescence emission can be attributed to the radiative recombination from iron related donors and boron related acceptors.
DS1993-1814
1993
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Smith, D.G.W. Smith, Zhou, M., Jang, J., Deng, C., Huang, Y.Yinniugou lamproites in Datong, northern Shanxi Province, Chin a: first occurrence in the North Chin a craton.Mid-continent diamonds Geological Association of Canada (GAC)-Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Symposium ABSTRACT volume, held Edmonton May, pp. 133-140.ChinaLamproite, Craton, tectonics
DS1996-1602
1996
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Essene, E.J.P T F conditions of mantle derived xenoliths from the newly discovered kimberlites in northwest Territories.Northwest Territories Exploration Overview, Nov. 26, p. 3-40, 41.Northwest Territories, Brodeur Peninsula, Somerset IslandXenoliths, microprobe, Nikos, Zulu
DS1997-1301
1997
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Essene, E.J., Zhang, Y., Hall, C.M., Wang, L.Newly discovered kimberlites and mantle xenoliths from Somerset Island and Brodeur Peninsula: pressure, tempnorthwest Territories Geology Division, DIAND., EGS 199-05, $ 5.50Northwest Territories, Somerset Island, Brodeur PeninsulaGeochronology, oxygen fugacity, volatile content
DS1998-1630
1998
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Essene, E.J., Zhang, Y., Pell, J.A.Mantle xenoliths from the Nikos kimberlites on Somerset Island and the Zulu kimberlites on Brodeur Peninsula.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 998-1000.Northwest Territories, Somerset Island, Brodeur PeninsulaXenoliths, mineral chemistry, Deposit - Nikos, Zulu
DS1999-0830
1999
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Essene, E.J., Zhang, Y.An oxygen barometer for rutile ilmenite assemblages: oxidation state Of metasomatic agents in the mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 166, 3-4, Mar.15, pp.127-37.MantleIlmenite, Metasomatism
DS2001-1305
2001
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Seismological structure of subduction zones and its implications for arc magmatism and dynamics.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 127, No. 1-4, Dec. 1, pp. 197-214.MantleGeophysics - seismic, Subduction - geodynamics, rheology
DS2001-1306
2001
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Seismic structure and origin of hotspots and mantle plumesEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 192, No. 3, pp. 251-65.MantleMantle plume, Hotspots
DS2002-1576
2002
Zhao, D.Tamura, Y., Tatsumi, Y., Zhao, D., Kido, Y., Sukuno, H.Hot fingers in the mantle wedge: new insights into magma genesis in subduction zonesEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol.197,1-2,pp.105-116.MantleSubduction, tomography, geophysics - seismics
DS2002-1785
2002
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Ochi, F., Takahashi, E.Seismic images of hot spots and mantle plumesGeophysics Monograph, American geophysical Union, No. 128, pp. 349-64.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-2212
2004
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Global tomographic images of mantle plumes and subducting slabs: insight into deep Earth dynamics.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 146, 1-2, pp. 3-34.MantleGeothermometry, tomography, hotspots, core mantle bound
DS200512-1252
2005
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Multiscale seismic tomography of mantle plumes and subducting slabs.Chapman Conference held in Scotland August 28-Sept. 1 2005, 1p. abstractMantle, AfricaMantle plume, geophysics - seismics
DS200612-0606
2006
Zhao, D.Huang, J., Zhao, D.High resolution mantle tomography of Chin a and surrounding regions.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, B9, B09204.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200612-0794
2006
Zhao, D.Lei, J., Zhao, D.Global P wave tomography: on the effect of various mantle core phases.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 154, 1, Jan. 16, pp. 44-69.Mantle, HawaiiGeophysics - seismics, tomography
DS200612-0795
2006
Zhao, D.Lei, J., Zhao, D.A new insight into the Hawaiian plume.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 241, 3-4, Jan. 31, pp. 438-453.Mantle, HawaiiHotspot, tomography
DS200612-1559
2006
Zhao, D.Xu, Z., Griffin, W.L., Zhao, D., O'Reilly, S.Y.Modification of subcontinental lithospheric mantle in SE China.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 2. abstract only.ChinaGeochemistry
DS200612-1598
2006
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Seismic images of mantle plumes, subducting slabs and the core-mantle boundary.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 12 abstract only.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0453
2006
Zhao, D.Huang, J., Zhao, D.High resolution mantle tomography of Chin a and surrounding regions.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, B9, B09305ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0454
2006
Zhao, D.Huang, J., Zhao, D.High resolution mantle tomography of Chin a and surrounding regions.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, B9, B09305.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0616
2007
Zhao, D.Lei, J., Zhao, D.Teleseismic P wave tomography and the upper mantle structure of the central Tien Shan orogenic belt.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 162, 3-4, pp. 165-185.Asia, ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0617
2007
Zhao, D.Lei, J., Zhao, D.Teleseismic P wave tomography and the upper mantle structure of the central Tien Shan orogenic belt.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 162, 3-4, pp. 165-185.Asia, ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0691
2007
Zhao, D.Maruyama, S., Santosh, M., Zhao, D.Superplume, supercontinent, and post perovskite: mantle dynamics and anti-plate tectonics on the core mantle boundary.Gondwana Research, Vol. 11, 1-2, Jan. pp. 7-37.MantlePlume
DS200712-1232
2007
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Seismic images under 60 hotpots: search for mantle plumes.Gondwana Research, Vol. 12, 4, pp. 335-355.MantlePlume
DS200812-0961
2008
Zhao, D.Rio, S., Kon, Y., Sato, W., Maruyana, S., Santosh, M., Zhao, D.The Grenvillian and Pan African orogens: world's largest orogenies through geologic time, and their implications on the origin of superplume.Gondwana Research, Vol. 14, 1-2, August pp. 51-72.MantleOrogeny
DS200812-1144
2008
Zhao, D.Sun, Y., Toksoz, M.N., Pei, S., Zhao, D., Morgan, F.D., Rosca, A.S wave tomography of the crust and uppermost mantle in China.Journal of geophysical Research, Vol. 113, B11307.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200812-1318
2008
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Multiscale seismic tomography and mantle dynamics.Gondwana Research, In press available, 27p.MantlePlume
DS200912-0475
2009
Zhao, D.Maruyama, S., Hasegawa, A., Santosh, M., Kogiso, T., Omori, S., Nakamura, H., Kawai, K., Zhao, D.The dynamics of big mantle wedge, magma factory, and metamorphic-metasomatic factory in subduction zones.Gondwana Research, Vol. 16, 3-4, pp. 414-430.MantleSubduction
DS200912-0761
2009
Zhao, D.Tian, Y., Zhao, D., Sun, R., Teng, J.Seismic imaging of the crust and upper mantle beneath the North Chin a Craton.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 172, 3-4, pp. 169-182.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200912-0826
2009
Zhao, D.Xu, P., Zhao, D.Upper mantle velocity structure beneath the North Chin a Craton: implications for lithospheric thinning.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 177, 3, pp. 1279-1283.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200912-0855
2009
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Multiscale seismic tomography and mantle dynamics.Gondwana Research, Vol. 15, 3-4, pp. 297-323.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200912-0856
2009
Zhao, D.Zhao, D.Geothermobarometry for ultramafic assemblages from the Emeishan large igneous province, southwest Chin a and the Nikos and Zulu kimberlites, Nunavut, Canada.GAC/MAC/AGU Meeting held May 23-27 Toronto, Abstract onlyCanada, NunavutThermobarometry
DS200912-0857
2009
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Ohtani, E.Deep slab subduction and dehydration and their geodynamic consequences: evidence from seismology and mineral physics.Gondwana Research, Vol. 16, 3-4, pp. 401-413.MantleSubduction
DS201012-0549
2009
Zhao, D.Ohtani, E., Zhao, D.The role of water in the deep upper mantle and transition zone: dehydration of stagnant slabs and the effects on the big mantle wedge.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 50, 12, pp. 1073-1078.MantleWater
DS201012-0660
2010
Zhao, D.Santosh, M., Zhao, D., Kusky, T.Mantle dynamics of the Paleoproterozoic North Chin a Craton: a perspective based on seismic tomography.Journal of Geodynamics, Vol. 49, 1, pp. 39-53.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS201112-0457
2011
Zhao, D.Huang, Z., Wang, L., Zhao, D., Mi, N., Xu, M.Seismic anisotropy and mantle dynamics beneath China.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 306, 1-2, pp. 105-117.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS201112-1041
2011
Zhao, D.Tian, Y., Zhao, D.Destruction mechanism of the North Chin a craton: insight into O and S wave mantle tomography.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 42, 6, pp. 1132-1145.ChinaGeophysics - seismics, tectonics
DS201412-1028
2015
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Zhang, Y., Essene, E.J.Electron probe microanalysis and microscopy: principles and applications in characterization of mineral inclusions in chromite from diamond deposit.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 65, 4, pp. 733-748.ChinaDeposit - Wafangdian
DS201510-1818
2015
Zhao, D.Zhao, D., Zhang, Y., Essene, E.J., Wang, R.Electron probe microanalysis and microscopy: principles and applications in characterization of mineral inclusions in chromite from diamond deposit.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 65, pt. 4, pp. 733-748.ChinaDeposit - Wafangdian

Abstract: Electron probe microanalysis and microscopy is a widely used modern analytical technique primarily for quantifying chemical compositions of solid materials and for mapping or imaging elemental distributions or surface morphology of samples at micrometer or nanometer-scale. This technique uses an electromagnetic lens-focused electron beam, generated from an electron gun, to bombard a sample. When the electron beam interacts with the sample, signals such as secondary electron, backscattered electron and characteristic X-ray are generated from the interaction volume. These signals are then examined by detectors to acquire chemical and imaging information of the sample. A unique part of an electron probe is that it is equipped with multiple WDS spectrometers of X-ray and each spectrometer with multiple diffracting crystals in order to analyze multiple elements simultaneously. An electron probe is capable of analyzing almost all elements (from Be to U) with a spatial resolution at or below micrometer scale and a detection limit down to a few ppm. Mineral inclusions in chromite from the Wafangdian kimberlite, Liaoning Province, China were used to demonstrate the applications of electron probe microanalysis and microscopy technique in characterizing minerals associated with ore deposits, specifically, in this paper, minerals associated with diamond deposit. Chemical analysis and SE and BSE imaging show that mineral inclusions in chromite include anhydrous silicates, hydrous silicates, carbonates, and sulfides, occurring as discrete or single mineral inclusions or composite multiple mineral inclusions. The chromite–olivine pair poses a serious problem in analysis of Cr in olivine using electron probe. Secondary fluorescence of Cr in chromite by Fe in olivine drastically increases the apparent Cr2O3 content of an olivine inclusion in a chromite. From the chemical compositions obtained using electron probe, formation temperatures and pressures of chromite and its mineral inclusions calculated using applicable geothermobarometers are from 46 kbar and 980 °C to 53 kbar and 1130 °C, which are within the stability field of diamond, thus Cr-rich chromite is a useful indication mineral for exploration of kimberlite and diamond deposit. A composite inclusion in chromite composed of silicate and carbonate minerals has a bulk composition of 33.2 wt.% SiO2, 2.5 wt.% Al2O3, 22.0 wt.% MgO, 7.5 wt.% CaO, 2.5 wt.% BaO, 0.8 wt.% K2O, 25.5 wt.% CO2, and 0.8 wt.% H2O, similar to the chemical composition of the Wafangdian kimberlite, suggesting that it is trapped kimberlitic magma.
DS202202-0222
2022
Zhao, D.Wang, X., Zhao, D., Xia, S., Li, J.Mantle structure and flow beneath the central western US: constraints from anisotropic tomography.Tectonophysics, Vol. 822, 229180, 11p. PdfUnited Statestomography

Abstract: To investigate lateral and depth variations of seismic anisotropy beneath the central-western United States, we determined a detailed 3-D model of P-wave anisotropic tomography by inverting a large number of arrival-time data of local and teleseismic events. Our results reveal significant azimuthal anisotropies in the crust and lithosphere, which are associated with ancient orogenic collisional and magmatic activities. As depth increases, the fast-velocity direction (FVD) pattern becomes gradually trended and small features fade away. There is a boundary in the FVD distribution, which separates the tectonically active region in the west from the stable cratonic region in the east. Frozen-in anisotropy with a NW-SE FVD is preserved in the thick Wyoming cratonic lithosphere that exhibits as a high-velocity (high-V) anomaly to a depth of ~250 km. In the asthenosphere beneath the western thin lithosphere, FVDs are generally parallel with the absolute motion direction of the North American plate due to shearing between the plate and the asthenosphere. In the deeper areas, the subducted and fragmented slab exhibiting as high-V anomalies leads to slab-related mantle flows. These results indicate that seismic anisotropies exist in both the lithosphere and asthenosphere with different geodynamic mechanisms and it is feasible to link the P-wave azimuthal anisotropy to lithospheric deformations, fossil anisotropy in the lithosphere, and flows in the asthenosphere.
DS1998-1631
1998
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Wilde, S.A., Lu, L.Thermal evolution of Archean basement rocks from the eastern part of The north Chin a Craton and its bearingInternational Geology Review, Vol. 40, No. 8, Aug. pp. 706-ChinaCraton, Tectonic setting
DS1998-1632
1998
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Wilde, S.A., Lu, L.Thermal evolution of Archean basement rocks from the Eastern part of NorthChin a Craton and tectonic settingInternational Geology Review, Vol. 40, No. 8, Aug. 1, pp. 722-China, MongoliaTectonics, Archean
DS1999-0831
1999
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Wilde, S.A., Lu, L.Tectonothermal history of basement rocks in the western zone of the NorthChin a Craton and its tectonic....Tectonophysics, Vol. 310, No. 1-4, Sept. 15, pp. 37-54.ChinaTectonics, geothermometry, Craton - North China
DS2000-1050
2000
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Cawood, P.A., Wilde, S.A., Sun, M., Lu, L.Metamorphism of basement rocks in the Central Zone of North Chin a Craton: implications for Paleoproterozoic.Precambrian Research, Vol. 103, No. 1-2, Sept.pp.55-88.ChinaCraton - North China, Metamorphism - tectonic evolution
DS2001-1307
2001
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Cawood, P.A., Wilde, S.A., Lu, L.high pressure granulites ( retrograded eclogites) from the Hengshan Complex,petrology tectonic implicationJournal of Petrology, Vol. 42, No. 6, pp. 1141-70.ChinaNorth China Craton
DS2001-1308
2001
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Cawood, P.A., Wilde, S.A., Sun, M.Polymetamorphism of mafic granulites in North Chin a Craton: textural and thermobarometric evidence...Geological Society of London, Special Publication, Special Paper 184, pp. 323-42.ChinaTectonics, Geothermometry
DS2001-1309
2001
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Wilde, S.A., Sun, M.Archean blocks and their boundaries in the North Chin a Craton: lithological,geochemical, structural P -T pathPrecambrian Research, Vol. 107, No. 1-2, Mar. 30, pp. 45-74.ChinaTectonics - evolution, Craton - North China
DS2002-1711
2002
Zhao, G.Wilde, S.A., Zhao, G., Sun, M.Development of the North Chin a Craton during the late Archean and its fin al amalgamation at 1.8 Ga..Gondwana Research, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 85-94.ChinaPaleoproterozoic supercontinent, Rodinia
DS2002-1786
2002
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Cawood, P.A., Wilde, S.A., Sun, M.Review of global 2.1 - 1.8 Ga orogens: implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinentEarth Science Reviews, Vol. 59, 1-4, Nov. pp. 125-62.GondwanaOrogenesis, tectonics
DS2002-1787
2002
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Cawood, P.A., Wilde, S.A., Sun, M.Review of global 2.1 - 1.8 Ga orogens: implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinentEarth Science Reviews, Vol. 59, 1-4, Nov. pp. 125-162.Gondwana, South America, West AfricaCraton
DS2002-1788
2002
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Wilde, S.A., Cawood, P.A., Sun, M.Shrimp U Pb zircon ages of the Fuping Complex. Implications for Late Archean to Paleoproterozoic accretion and assembly of the North Chin a Craton.American Journal of Science, Vol.302,March,pp. 191-226.ChinaGeochronology, Craton - North China
DS2003-1551
2003
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A.Major tectonic units of the North Chin a Craton and their paleoproterozoic assemblyScience in China Series d Earth Sciences, Vol. 46, 1, pp. 23-38.ChinaTectonics
DS2003-1552
2003
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A.Correlations between the eastern block of the North Chin a Craton and the SouthPrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.201-233.China, IndiaTectonics
DS2003-1553
2003
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Li, S.Assembly, accretion and break up of the Paleo Mesoproterozoic ColumbiaGondwana Research, Vol. 6, 3, pp. 417-34.ChinaTectonics
DS200412-2213
2003
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A.Correlations between the eastern block of the North Chin a Craton and the South Indian Shield: an Archean to Paleoproterozoic linPrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.201-233.China, IndiaTectonics
DS200412-2214
2003
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A.Major tectonic units of the North Chin a Craton and their paleoproterozoic assembly.Science China Earth Sciences, Vol. 46, 1, pp. 23-38.ChinaTectonics
DS200412-2215
2004
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Li, S.A Paleo-Mesoproterozoic supercontinent: assembly, growth and breakup.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 67, 1-2, pp. 91-123.MantleTectonics, geodynamics, Columbia, orogen, belts
DS200412-2216
2003
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Li, S.Assembly, accretion and break up of the Paleo Mesoproterozoic Columbia supercontinent: records in the North Chin a craton.Gondwana Research, Vol. 6, 3, pp. 417-34.ChinaTectonics
DS200512-1176
2005
Zhao, G.Wilde, S.A., Zhao, G.Archean to Paleproterozoic evolution of the North Chin a Craton.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 24, 5, pp. 519-522.ChinaGeochronology
DS200512-1177
2005
Zhao, G.Wilde, S.A., Zhao, G.Archean to Paleoproterozoic evolution of the North Chin a Craton.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol.ChinaTectonics
DS200512-1197
2005
Zhao, G.Wu, F., Zhao, G., Wilde, S.A., Sun, D.Nd isotopic constraints on crustal formation in the North Chin a Craton.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 24, 5, pp. 523-545.ChinaGeochronology
DS200512-1253
2005
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Sanzhong, L.Late Archean to Paleoproterozoic evolution of the North Chin a Craton: key issues revisited.Precambrian Research, Vol. 136, 2, Jan. pp. 177-202.ChinaTectonics, rifting
DS200612-1599
2006
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Li, S., Zhang, J.Some key issues in reconstructions of Proterozoic supercontinents.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 28, 1, pp. 3-19.GondwanaTectonics
DS200712-1233
2006
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Li, A., Zhang, J.Some key issues in reconstructions of Proterozoic supercontinents.Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 28, 1, Oct. 15, pp. 3-19.Russia, United StatesAldan, Wyoming , Laurentia, paleomagnetism
DS200912-0437
2009
Zhao, G.Li, S., Kusky, T.M., Liu, X., Zhang, G., Zhao, G., Wang, L., Wang, Y.Two stage collision related extrusion of the western Dabie HP-UHP metamorphic terranes, centra China: evidence from quartz c-axis fabrics and structures.Gondwana Research, Vol. 18, 2, pp. 294-309.ChinaUHP
DS201112-0593
2011
Zhao, G.Li, L-M., Sun, M., Wang, Y., Xing, G., Zhao, G., Cai, K., Zhang, Y.Geochronological and geochemical study of Paleproterozoic gneissic granites and clinopyroxenite xenolths from NW Fujian: implications for crustal evol.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 41, 2, pp. 204-212.ChinaMagmatism - not specific to diamonds
DS201112-1121
2011
Zhao, G.Wu, C-M., Zhao, G.The applicability of garnet-orthopy roxene geobarometry in mantle xenoliths.Lithos, Vol. 125, pp. 1-9.Mantle, Africa, South AfricaGeothermometry - graphite or diamond bearing xenoliths
DS201112-1167
2011
Zhao, G.Zhao, G., Li, S., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A.Assembly, accretion and break up of the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic Columbia supercontinent: record in the North Chin a craton revisited.International Geology Review, Vol. 53, no. 11-12, pp. 1331-1356.ChinaTectonics
DS201312-0132
2013
Zhao, G.Cawood, P.A., Wang, Y., Xu, Y., Zhao, G.Locating South Chin a in Rodinia and Gondwana: a fragment of greater India lithosphere?Geology, Vol. 41, 8, pp. 903-906.IndiaGondwana
DS201312-1014
2013
Zhao, G.Zhao, G.,Zhai, M.Lithotectonic elements of Precambrian basement in the North Chin a craton: review and tectonic implications.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 4, pp. 1207-1240.ChinaGeochronology
DS202004-0502
2020
Zhao, G.Cawood, P.A., Wang, W., Zhao, T., Xu, Y., Mulder, J.A., Pisarevsky, S.A., Zhang, L., Gan, C., He, H., Liu, H., Qi, L., Wang, Y., Yao, J., Zhao, G., Zhou, M-F., Zi, J-W.Deconstructing south China and consequences for reconstructing Nuna and Rodinia.Earth-Science Reviews, in press available, 70p. PdfChinatectonics

Abstract: Contrasting models for internal and external locations of South China within the Nuna and Rodinia supercontinents can be resolved when the current lithotectonic associations of Mesoproterozoic and older rocks units that constitute the craton are redefined into four lithotectonic domains: Kongling, Kunming-Hainan, Wuyi, and Coastal. The Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains are characterized by isolated Archean to early Paleoproterozoic rock units and events and crop out in northern and southern South China, respectively. The Kunming-Hainan Domain is preserved in three spatially separated regions at Kunming (southwestern South China), along the Ailaoshan shear zone, and within Hainan Island. Both domains were affected by late Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal events, indicating their likely juxtaposition by this time to form the proto-Yangtze Block. Late Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic sedimentary and igneous rock units developed on the proto-Yangtze Block, especially in its southern portions, and help link the rock units that formed along the shear zone at Ailaoshan and on Hainan Island into a single, spatially unified unit prior to Paleozoic to Cenozoic structural disaggregation and translation. The Wuyi Domain consists of late Paleoproterozoic rock units within a NE-SW trending, fault-bounded block in eastern South China. The Coastal Domain lies east of the Wuyi domain and is inferred to constitute a structurally separate block. Basement to the domain is not exposed, but zircon Hf model ages from Mesozoic granites suggest Mesoproterozoic basement at depth. The Archean to Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal record of the Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains corresponds closely with that of NW Laurentia, suggesting all were linked, probably in association with assembly and subsequent partial fragmentation of the Nuna supercontinent. Furthermore, the age and character of Mesoproterozoic magmatism and detrital zircon signature of sedimentary rocks in the proto-Yangtze Block matches well with western Laurentia and eastern Australia-Antarctica. In particular, the detrital zircon signature of late Paleoproterozoic to early Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units in the block (e.g. Dongchuan Group) share a similar age spectrum with the Wernecke Supergroup of northwest Laurentia. This, together with similarities in the type and age of Fe-Cu mineralization in the domain with that in eastern Australia-Antarctica, especially northeast Australia, suggests a location adjacent to northwest Laurentia, southern Siberia, and northeast Australia within the Nuna supercontinent. The timing and character of late Paleoproterozoic magmatic activity in the Wuyi domain along with age of detrital zircons in associated sedimentary rocks matches the record of northern India. During rifting between Australia-Antarctica and Laurentia in the late Mesoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block remained linked to northeast Australia. During accretionary orogenesis in the early Neoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block assembled with the Wuyi Domain along the northern margin of India. The Coastal domain likely accreted at this time forming the South China Craton. Displacement of the Hainan and Ailaoshan assemblages from southwest of the Kunming assemblage likely occurred in the Cenozoic with the activation of the Ailaoshan-Red River fault system but could have begun in the early to mid-Paleozoic based on evidence for tectonothermal events in the Hainan assemblage.
DS200712-1183
2007
Zhao, G.C.Wu, C.M., Zhao, G.C.A recalibration of the garnet-olivine geothermometer and a new geobarometer for garnet peridotites and garnet olivine plagioclase bearing granulites.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 25, 5, pp. 497-505.MantleGeothermometry
DS200812-1053
2008
Zhao, G.C.Shi, R.D., Ding, B.H., Zhi, X.C., Zhao, G.C.Re Os isotope constraints on the genesis of the Luliangshan garnet peridotites in the North Qaidam UHP belt, Tibet.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A857.Asia, TibetUHP
DS200812-1322
2008
Zhao, G.C.Zheng, J.P., Sun, M., Griffin, W.L., Zhou, M.F., Zhao, G.C., Robinson, P., Tang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.H.Age and geochemistry of contrasting peridotite types in the Dabie UHP belt, eastern China: petrogenetic and geodynamic implications.Chemical Geology, Vol. 247, pp. 282-304.ChinaUHP
DS201312-0470
2013
Zhao, G.C.Khanna, T.C., Sesha Sai, V.V., Zhao, G.C., Subba Rao, D.V., Krishna, K.A., Sawant, S.S., Charan, .N.Petrogenesis of mafic alkaline dikes from Mahbubnagar large igneous province, eastern Dharwar craton, India: geochemical evidence for uncontaminated intracontinental mantle derived magmatism.Lithos, Vol. 179, pp. 84-98.IndiaAlkaline rocks, dykes
DS201312-1015
2013
Zhao, G.C.Zheng, Y.F., Xiao, W.J., Zhao, G.C.Introductions to tectonics of China.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 4, pp. 1189-1206.ChinaOverview of cratons and belts
DS2003-0808
2003
Zhao, H.Li, K., Wang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, H., Di, Y.Mantle plume, large province and continental breakup - additionaly discussion theActa Seismologica Sinica, Vol. 16, 3, pp. 330-9.ChinaTectonics, melting, plumes
DS200412-1126
2003
Zhao, H.Li, K., Wang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, H., Di, Y.Mantle plume, large province and continental breakup - additionaly discussion the Cenozoic and Mesozoic mantle plume problems inActa Seismologica Sinica, Vol. 16, 3, pp. 330-9.ChinaTectonics, melting, plumes
DS201803-0488
2018
Zhao, H.Yang, Y-H., Wu, F-Y., Yang, J-H., Mitchell, R.H., Zhao, Z-F., Xie, L-W., Huang, C., Ma, Q., Yang, M., Zhao, H.U-Pb age determination of schorlomite garnet by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Magnet Cove, Fanshan, Ozernaya, Alno, Prairie LakeJournal of Analytical At. Spectrometry, Vol. 33, pp. 231-239.United States, Arkansas, China, Hebei, Russia, Kola Peninsula, Europe, Sweden, Canada, Ontariogeochronology

Abstract: We report the first U-Pb geochronological investigation of schorlomite garnet from carbonatite and alkaline complexes and demonstrate its applicability for U-Pb age determination using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) due to its relatively high U and Th abundances and negligible common Pb content. The comparative matrix effects of laser ablation of zircon and schorlomite are investigated and demonstrate the necessity of a suitable matrix-matched reference material for schorlomite geochronology. Laser-induced elemental fractional and instrumental mass discrimination were externally-corrected using an in house schorlomite reference material (WS20) for U-Pb geochronology. In order to validate the effectiveness and robustness of our analytical protocol, we demonstrate the veracity of U-Pb age determination for five schorlomite samples from: the Magnet Cove complex, Arkansas (USA); the Fanshan ultrapotassic complex, Hebei (China); the Ozernaya alkaline ultramafic complex, Kola Peninsula (Russia); the Alnö alkaline-rock carbonatite complex (Sweden); and the Prairie Lake carbonatite complex, Ontario (Canada). The schorlomite U-Pb ages range from 96 Ma to 1160 Ma, and are almost identical to ages determined from other accessory minerals in these complexes and support the reliability of our analytical protocol. Schorlomite garnet U-Pb geochronology is considered to be a promising new technique for understanding the genesis of carbonatites, alkaline rocks, and related rare-metal deposits.
DS202110-1625
2021
Zhao, H.Lu, Z., Zhao, H., Wang, Y., Fang, S., Cai, Z., Wang, Z., Ma, H-a., Chen, L., Jia, H., Jia, X.Diamond growth and characteristics in the metal-silicate-H2O-C system at HPHT conditions.Lithos, Vol. 404-405, 106470, 11p. PdfMantlediamond crystals

Abstract: The detailed phase composition and characteristics of diamond crystals grown in the metal-silicate-H2O-C system at 5.5 GPa and 1385 °C are reported in this paper. The conversion efficiency of the graphite-to-diamond in the metal-silicate-C system is lower than that in the metal-C system, which significantly decreases the growth rate of crystal. As the Mg2Si3O8•5H2O content increases to 1.5 wt%, growth pits and {110} related features of trigonal pyramids, skeletal structure, rhombic dodecahedron, and {110} dendrites exhibit in sequence. Simultaneously, the content of graphite and metal inclusions inside the crystal increases. These systematic changes are accompanied by the appearance of Csingle bondH, Csingle bondO, and Cdouble bondO bonds and a decrease of nitrogen content from ?210 ppm to ?60 ppm. It is speculated that H2O will further decompose and bond with carbon atoms and finally enter the diamond structure. The formation of Csingle bondH and Cdouble bondO bonds will terminate the extension of the three-dimensional network of Csingle bondC bonds. These defects will accumulate along the [111] direction and form {110} related characteristics. These chemical bonds also compete with the nitrogen in the system during entering into the diamond lattice. Our experimental model may provide implications for the morphology and formation environment of natural diamonds.
DS200412-0441
2004
Zhao, H.L.Deng, J.F., Mo, X.X., Zhao, H.L., Wu, Z.X., Luo, Z.H., Su, S.G.A new model for the dynamic evolution of Chinese lithosphere: continental roots - plume tectonics.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 65, 3-4, pp. 223-275.ChinaGeodynamics, Tarim, Erdos, Yangtze
DS1994-1988
1994
Zhao, J.Zhao, J., McCulloch, M.T., Korsch, R.J.Characterisation of a plume related - 800 Ma magmatic event and its implications for basin formation in central -southern AustraliaEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 121, No. 3-4, February pp. 349-368AustraliaBasin formation, Hot spot
DS2003-0808
2003
Zhao, J.Li, K., Wang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, H., Di, Y.Mantle plume, large province and continental breakup - additionaly discussion theActa Seismologica Sinica, Vol. 16, 3, pp. 330-9.ChinaTectonics, melting, plumes
DS200412-1126
2003
Zhao, J.Li, K., Wang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, H., Di, Y.Mantle plume, large province and continental breakup - additionaly discussion the Cenozoic and Mesozoic mantle plume problems inActa Seismologica Sinica, Vol. 16, 3, pp. 330-9.ChinaTectonics, melting, plumes
DS200612-0863
2006
Zhao, J.Mao, W.L., Mao, H-K., Sturhahn, W., Zhao, J., Prakapenka, V.B., Meng, Y., Shu, J., Hemley, R.J.Iron rich post perovskite and the origin of ultralow-velocity zones.Science, Vol. 312, April 28, pp. 564-565.MantleGeophysics - seismics, silicate
DS200812-1247
2008
Zhao, J.Wen, B., Zhao, J., Bucknum, M.J., Yao, P., Li, T.First principles studies of diamond polytypes.Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 17, 3, pp. 356-364.TechnologyDiamond crystallography - simulation
DS201112-0154
2011
Zhao, J.Catalli, K., Shim, S-H., Dera, P., Prakapenka, V.B., Zhao, J., Sturhahn, W., Chow, P., Xiao, Y., Cynn, H., Evans, W.J.Effects of the Fe3 +spin transition on the properties of aluminous perovskite - new insights for lower mantle seismic heterogeneities.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 310, 3-4, pp. 293-302.MantlePerovskite
DS201412-0166
2014
Zhao, J.Dauphas, N., Roskosz, M., Alp, E.E., Neuville, D.R., Hu, M.Y., Sio, C.K., Tissot, F.L.H., Zhao, J., Tissandier, L., Medard, E., Cordier, C.Magma redox and structural controls on iron isotope variations in Earth's mantle and crust.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 398, pp. 127-140.MantleRedox
DS201412-0512
2014
Zhao, J.Liang, F., Xu, Z., Zhao, J.In-situ moissanite in dunite: deep mantle Luobusa ophiolite, Tibet.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 88, 2, pp. 517-529.Asia, TibetMoissanite
DS201606-1118
2016
Zhao, J.Solomatova, N.V., Jackson, J.M., Sturhahn, W., Wicks, J.K., Zhao, J., Toellner, T.S., Kalkan, B., Steinhardt, W.M.Equation of state and spin crossover of ( Mg,Fe)O at high pressure, with implications for explaining topographic relief at the core mantle boundary.American Mineralogist, Vol. 101, 5, pp. 1084-1093.MantleCore, mantle boundary
DS201901-0095
2018
Zhao, J.Zhao, J., Breeze, B.G., Green, B.L., Diggle, P.L., Newton, M.E.Fluorescence, phosphoresence, thermoluminesence, and charge tranfer in synthetic diamond.Gems & Gemology, Sixth International Gemological Symposium Vol. 54, 3, 1p. Abstract p. 266.GlobalFluoresence

Abstract: Photoluminescence (PL) and phosphorescence underpin many of the discrimination techniques used to separate natural from synthetic diamond. PL is at the heart of many new quantum technologies based on color centers in lab-grown diamonds. In HPHT synthetic diamond, the phosphorescence observed is explained in terms of donor-acceptor pair recombination. The thermal activation of electrons to neutral boron acceptors shows that boron plays a key role in the phosphorescence process. However, there are a number of things we struggle to explain. For example, the phosphorescence peak positions are not fully explained, and there is no conclusive link between the emission and charge transfer involving the substitutional nitrogen donor. Secondly, the origin of the phosphorescence observed in some synthetic diamond samples grown by the CVD process is unclear. Although we now have evidence for unintentional boron impurity incorporation at stop-start growth boundaries in some CVD syn- thetic samples, it is possible that some of the observed phosphorescence does not involve boron impurities. In this paper we report on the results of combined fluorescence, phosphorescence, thermoluminescence, and quantitative charge transfer investigations undertaken on both HPHT and CVD synthetic diamond, with the objective of identifying which defects are involved in the fluorescence and phosphorescence processes.
DS201906-1317
2019
Zhao, J.Liu, J., Wang, W., Yang, H., Wu, Z., Hu, M.Y., Zhao, J., Bi, W., Alp. E.E., Dauphas, N., Liang, W., Chen, B., Lin, J-F.Carbon isotopic signatures of super-deep diamonds mediated by iron redox chemistry.Geochemical Perspectives Letters, Vol. 10, pp. 51-55.Mantleredox

Abstract: Among redox sensitive elements, carbon is particularly important because it may have been a driver rather than a passive recorder of Earth’s redox evolution. The extent to which the isotopic composition of carbon records the redox processes that shaped the Earth is still debated. In particular, the highly reduced deep mantle may be metal-saturated, however, it is still unclear how the presence of metallic phases in?uences the carbon isotopic compositions of super-deep diamonds. Here we report ab initio results for the vibrational properties of carbon in carbonates, diamond, and Fe3C under pressure and temperature conditions relevant to super-deep diamond formation. Previous work on this question neglected the effect of pressure on the equilibrium carbon isotopic fractionation between diamond and Fe3C but our calculations show that this assumption overestimates the fractionation by a factor of ~1.3. Our calculated probability density functions for the carbon isotopic compositions of super-deep diamonds derived from metallic melt can readily explain the very light carbon isotopic compo- sitions observed in some super-deep diamonds. Our results therefore support the view that metallic phases are present during the formation of super-deep diamonds in the mantle below ~250 km.
DS202104-0614
2021
Zhao, J.Wang, W.,Liu, J., Yang, H., Dorfman, S.M., Lv, M., Li, J., Zhao, J., Hu, M.Y., bi, W., Alp, E.E., Xiao, Y., Wu, Z., Lin, J-F.Iron force constants of bridgmanite at high pressure: implications for iron isotope fractionation in the deep mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 294, pp. 215-231. pdfMantlebridgmanite

Abstract: The isotopic compositions of iron in major mantle minerals may record chemical exchange between deep-Earth reservoirs as a result of early differentiation and ongoing plate tectonics processes. Bridgmanite (Bdg), the most abundant mineral in the Earth’s lower mantle, can incorporate not only Al but also Fe with different oxidation states and spin states, which in turn can influence the distribution of Fe isotopes between Bdg and ferropericlase (Fp) and between the lower mantle and the core. In this study, we combined first-principles calculations with high-pressure nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering measurements to evaluate the effects of Fe site occupancy, valence, and spin states at lower-mantle conditions on the reduced Fe partition function ratio (?-factor) of Bdg. Our results show that the spin transition of octahedral-site (B-site) Fe3+ in Bdg under mid-lower-mantle conditions generates a +0.09‰ increase in its ?-factor, which is the most significant effect compared to Fe site occupancy and valence. Fe2+-bearing Bdg varieties have smaller ?-factors relative to Fe3+-bearing varieties, especially those containing B-site Fe3+. Our models suggest that Fe isotopic fractionation between Bdg and Fp is only significant in the lowermost mantle due to the occurrence of low-spin Fe2+ in Fp. Assuming early segregation of an iron core from a deep magma ocean, we find that neither core formation nor magma ocean crystallization would have resulted in resolvable Fe isotope fractionation. In contrast, Fe isotopic fractionation between low-spin Fe3+-bearing Bdg/Fe2+-bearing Fp and metallic iron at the core-mantle boundary may have enriched the lowermost mantle in heavy Fe isotopes by up to +0.20‰.
DS200412-2217
2004
Zhao, J.H.Zhao, J.H., Hu, R., Liu, S.Geochemistry, petrogenesis and tectonic significance of Mesozoic mafic dykes Fujian Province, southeastern China.International Geology Review, Vol. 46, 6, pp. 542-557.ChinaTectonics, dykes
DS200912-0861
2009
Zhao, J.H.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhao, J.H., Wu, Liu, Pearson, Zhang, Ma, Zhang, Yu, Su, TangNeoarchean ( 2.7-2.8 Ga) accretion beneath the North Chin a Craton: U Pb age, trace elements and Hf isotopes of zircons in Diamondiferous kimberlites.Lithos, Vol. 117, pp. 188-202.ChinaGeochronology
DS201212-0826
2012
Zhao, J.H.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., Ma, Q., O'Reilly, S.Y., Xiong, Q., Tang, H.Y., Zhao, J.H., Yu, C.M., Su, Y.P.Accretion and reworking beneath the North Chin a craton.Lithos, Vol. 149, pp. 61-78.ChinaAccretion
DS201501-0034
2015
Zhao, J.H.Zheng, J.P., Lee, C.T.A., Lu, J.G., Zhao, J.H., Wu, Y.B., Xia, B., Li, X.Y., Zhang, J.F., Liu, Y.S.Refertilization driven destabilization of subcontinental mantle and the importance of initial lithospheric thickness for the fate of continents. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 409, pp. 225-229.ChinaPeridotite
DS1993-1815
1993
Zhao, J.X.Zhao, J.X., McCulloch, M.T.samarium-neodymium (Sm-Nd) mineral isochron ages of Late Proterozoic dyke swarms in Australia:evidence for two distinctive events of mafic magmatism and crustal extension.Chemical Geology, Vol. 109, pp. 341-354.AustraliaGeochronology, Dike swarms
DS1997-1284
1997
Zhao, J.X.Young, D.N., Zhao, J.X., McCulloch, M.T.Geochemical and Strontium-neodymium isotopic mapping of source provinces for the Mawson charnockites..Precambrian Research, Vol. 86, No. 1/2, Dec. 15, pp. 1-20AntarcticaTectonics - Proterozoic, Gondwana
DS201904-0790
2019
Zhao, J-x.Ubide, T., Mollo, S., Zhao, J-x., Nazzari, M., Scarlato, P.Sector zoned clinopyroxene as a recorder of magma history, eruption triggers, and ascent rates.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, dor:10.1016/j.gca.2019.02.021Mantlemagmatism

Abstract: Sector-zoned clinopyroxene is common in igneous rocks, but has been overlooked in the study of magmatic processes. Whilst concentric zoning is commonly used as a record of physicochemical changes in the melt feeding crystal growth, clinopyroxene is also highly sensitive to crystallisation kinetics. In sector-zoned crystals, the fidelity of compositional changes as recorders of magma history is dubious and the interplay between thermodynamic and kinetic controls remains poorly understood. Here we combine electron probe and laser ablation micro-chemical maps of titanaugite crystals from Mt. Etna (Sicily, Italy) to explore the origin of sector zoning at the major and trace element levels, and its implications for the interpretation of magmatic histories. Elemental maps afford the possibility to revisit sector zoning from a spatially controlled perspective. The most striking observation is a clear decoupling of elements into sectors vs. concentric zones within single crystals. Most notably, Al-Ti enrichments and Si-Mg depletions in the prism sectors {1?0?0}, {1?1?0} and {0?1?0} relative to the hourglass (or basal) sectors {?1?1?1} correlate with enrichments in rare earth elements and highly charged high field strength elements due to cation exchanges driven by kinetic effects. In contrast, transition metals (Cr, Ni, Sc) show little partitioning into sectors and strong enrichments in concentric zones following resorbed surfaces, interpreted as evidence of mafic recharge and magma mixing. Our results document that kinetic partitioning has minor effects on the compositional variations of cations with low charge relative to the ideal charge/radius of the structural site they occupy in the clinopyroxene lattice. We suggest that this may be due to a lower efficiency in charge balance mechanisms compared to highly charged cations. It follows that compatible metals such as Cr can be considered trustworthy recorders of mafic intrusions and eruption triggers even in sector-zoned crystals. We also observe that in alkaline systems where clinopyroxene crystallisation takes place at near-equilibrium conditions, sector zoning should have little effect on Na-Ca partitioning and in turn, on the application of experimentally calibrated thermobarometers. Our data show that whilst non-sector-zoned crystals form under relatively stagnant conditions, sector zoning develops in response to low degrees of undercooling, such as during slow magma ascent. Thus, we propose that the chemistry of sector-zoned crystals can provide information on magma history, eruption triggers, and possibly ascent rates.
DS200712-0482
2007
Zhao, K.Jang, Y-H., Jiang, S-Y., LHou, M-L., Ling, H.F., Zhao, K., Ni, P.Geochemistry of Late Mesozoic lamprophyre dikes from the eastern North Chin a Craton: implications for subcontinental lithosphere evolution.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A445.ChinaLamprophyre
DS202107-1111
2021
Zhao, K.Lu, J., Chen, W., Ying, Y., Jiang, S., Zhao, K.Apatite texture and trace element chemistry of carbonatite-related REE deposits in China: implications for petrogenesis.Lithos, Vol. 398-399, 106276 pdfChinaREE

Abstract: Apatite is a ubiquitous mineral in carbonatites, and incorporates a variety of trace elements including rare earth elements (REEs). In this study, the textural and chemical variations of apatite were examined in order to trace the magmatic and hydrothermal petrogenesis of three carbonatite-related REE deposits: Shaxiongdong, Miaoya, and Bayan Obo. Various apatite textures were revealed by cathodoluminescence and back-scattered electron imaging. Magmatic apatite, which occurs predominantly in samples from Shaxiongdong, is euhedral, and commonly shows oscillatory or growth zonation with a yellow-green luminescent core and a violet luminescent rim. Euhedral to subhedral metasomatic apatite from Miaoya and Bayan Obo has a turbid texture, with the majority of grains associated with exsolved monazite. Hydrothermal apatite from Bayan Obo, typically occurring as aggregates in close association with fluorite and barite, is anhedral, with green or light violet luminescence. The different apatite textures are characterised by distinct trace element compositions. Magmatic apatite contains the highest concentrations of Mn (avg. 457 ppm) and Sr (avg. 18,285 ppm) and is characterised by a steeply inclined REE chondrite-normalised pattern. Metasomatic apatite, which has undergone in situ dissolution-reprecipitation, contains lower Mn (avg. 272 ppm) and Sr (avg. 9945 ppm) concentrations. It is characterised by highly variable REE trends with an La/SmN ratio varying from 0.13 to 5.61, and lower average La/YbN, La/SmN, and Sr/Y ratios (46, 2.2, and 18, respectively) than magmatic apatite. Hydrothermal apatite that was precipitated from a fluid is characterised by convex upward chondrite-normalised REE distributions with the lowest La/YbN, La/SmN, and Sr/Y ratios (13, 0.69, and 5.8, respectively). The average concentrations of Mn and Sr in this apatite are 270 and 6610 ppm, respectively. There are no Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.97) in the chondrite-normalised REE plots for any of the analysed apatite samples. The combined textural and compositional variations of apatite in the three deposits reflect diverse magmatic and hydrothermal processes, including: 1) mineral fractionation contributing to core-rim zoning within the Shaxiongdong magmatic apatite; 2) dissolution-reprecipitation inducing monazite precipitation in Miaoya and Bayan Obo metasomatic apatite; and 3) coprecipitation with fluorite and barite from fluids generating the Bayan Obo hydrothermal apatite. A compilation of published apatite compositions from other rock types demonstrates that trace element compositions of apatite can be used to differentiate crystallisation environments and differentiate apatite from other rock types. Apatite from carbonatite has high Sr, REEs, La/YbN, Th/U, and Sr/Y, and no Eu anomaly, compared with apatite from igneous silicate rocks (except ultramafic rocks), and iron-oxide copper gold (IOCG) or iron-oxide apatite (IOA) deposits.
DS201904-0725
2019
Zhao, K-D.Chen, W., Ying, Y-C., Bai, T., Zhang, J-J., Jiang, S-Y., Zhao, K-D.In situ major and trace element analysis of magnetite from carbonatite related complexes: implications for petrogenesis and ore genesis.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 107, pp. 30-40.Chinacarbonatite

Abstract: Magnetite (Fe3O4) is one of the most common accessory minerals in magmatic rocks, and it can accommodate a wide variety of major, minor and trace elements that can be measured by laser ablation ICP-MS. In this study, we investigate the chemical compositions of magnetite from four carbonatite complexes (Oka, Mushgai Khudag, Hongcheon and Bayan Obo). The minor elements (Mg, Ti, Al, Mn) in magnetite vary significantly both within and between different complexes. High field strength elements (Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, U, Th) are generally depleted in magnetite from carbonatite complexes, whereas K, Rb, Cs, Ca and P are commonly below detection limits. V and Zn display significant variations from tens to thousands of ppm. Co, Ni and Ga are present in ppm or tens of ppm, whereas Cu, Sr, Y, Ba and Pb are characterized by sub-ppm levels. Mo and Ge are identified at the ppm level, whereas a consistent concentration of 2-5?ppm is observed for Ge. The determined chemical compositions of magnetite from carbonatite complexes are quite distinguishable compared to those formed in silicate and sulfide melts. This is clearly shown using multielement variation diagrams, and the distinct signatures of carbonatite-related magnetite include strong positive anomalies of Mn and Zn and negative anomalies of Cu, Co and Ga. The discriminant diagrams of Ti vs. Zr?+?Hf, Ti vs. Nb?+?Ta and Ni/Cr vs. Ti are applicable for distinguishing magmatic and hydrothermal magnetite in carbonatite-related environments. In addition, the discriminant diagram of Zn/Co vs. Cu/Mo and Cu vs. Zr?+?Hf can be used to distinguish carbonatite-related magnetite from magnetite that formed in other environments.
DS202006-0960
2020
Zhao, K-D.Ying, Y-C., Chen, W., Simonetti, A., Jiang, S-Y., Zhao, K-D.Significance of hydrothermal reworking for REE mineralization associated with carbonatite: constraints from in situ trace element and C-Sr isotope study of calcite and apatite from the Miaoya carbonatite complex (China).Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, in press available 45p. PdfChinadeposit - Miaoya

Abstract: A majority of carbonatite-related rare earth element (REE) deposits are found in cratonic margins and orogenic belts, and metasomatic/hydrothermal reworking is common in these deposits; however, the role of metasomatic processes involved in their formation remains unclear. Here, we present a comprehensive in situ chemical and isotopic (C-Sr) investigation of calcite and fluorapatite within the Miaoya carbonatite complex located in the South Qinling orogenic belt, with the aim to better define the role of late-stage metasomatic processes. Carbonatite at Miaoya commonly occurs as stocks and dykes intruded into associated syenite, and can be subdivided into equigranular (Type I) and inequigranular (Type II) calcite carbonatites. Calcite in Type I carbonatite is characterized by the highest Sr (up to ?22,000?ppm) and REE (195-542?ppm) concentrations with slight LREE-enriched chondrite normalized patterns [(La/Yb)N?=?2.1-5.2]. In situ C and Sr isotopic compositions of calcite in Type I carbonatite define a limited range (87Sr/86Sr?=?0.70344-0.70365; ?13C?=??7.1 to ?4.2 ‰) that are consistent with a mantle origin. Calcite in Type II carbonatite has lower Sr (1708-16322?ppm) and REEs (67-311?ppm) and displays variable LREE-depleted chondrite normalized REE patterns [(La/Yb)N?=?0.2-3.3; (La/Sm)N?=?0.2-2.0]. In situ 87Sr/86Sr and d13C isotopic compositions of Type II calcite are highly variable and range from 0.70350 to 0.70524 and ?7.0 to ?2.2 ‰, respectively. Fluorapatite in Type I and Type II carbonatites is characterized by similar trace-element and isotopic compositions. Both types of fluorapatite display variable trace element concentrations, especially LREE contents, whereas they exhibit relatively consistent near-chondritic Y/Ho ratios. Fluorapatite is characterized by consistent Sr isotopic compositions with a corresponding average 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.70359, which suggests that fluorapatite remained relatively closed in relation to contamination. The combined geochemical and isotopic data for calcite and fluorapatite from the Miaoya complex suggest that carbonatite-exsolved fluids together with possible syenite assimilation during the Mesozoic metasomatism overprinted the original trace-element and isotopic signatures acquired in the early Paleozoic magmatism. Hydrothermal reworking resulted in dissolution-reprecipitation of calcite and fluorapatite, which served as the dominant source of REE mineralization during the much younger metasomatic activity. The results from this study also suggest that carbonatites located in orogenic belts and cratonic edges possess a great potential for forming economic REE deposits, especially those that have undergone late-stage metasomatic reworking.
DS1995-2140
1995
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Lu, M.A.Rare oxygen free inclusions in kimberlite borne diamonds from easternChina.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 690-691.ChinaDiamond -mineral inclusions, Deposit -Fuxian
DS1998-1633
1998
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Zhang, P., Huang, X., Li, Y.Deep mantle fluids and their products in kimberlites from China7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1001-3.ChinaUltra deep fluid, Metasomatism
DS2003-1554
2003
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Chevrot, S.SS wave sensitivity to upper mantle structure: implications for the mapping of transitionGeophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, 11, 10.1029/2003GLO17223MantleGeophysics - seismics, Discontinuity
DS200412-2218
2003
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Chevrot, S.SS wave sensitivity to upper mantle structure: implications for the mapping of transition zone discontinuity topographies.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, 11, 10.1029/2003 GLO17223MantleGeophysics - seismics Discontinuity
DS200512-1254
2005
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Using shear wave splitting measurements to investigate the upper mantle anisotropy beneath the North Chin a Craton: distinct variation from east to west.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, 10, May 28, DOI 10.1029/2005 GLO22585Asia, ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200612-1608
2006
Zhao, L.Zheng, T., Chen, L., Zhao, L., Xu, W., Zhu, R.Crust mantle structure difference across the gravity gradient zone in North Chin a Craton: seismic image of the thinned continental crust.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 159, 1-2, pp. 43-58.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0183
2007
Zhao, L.Chevrot, S., Zhao, L.Multiscale finite frequency Rayleigh wave tomography of the Kaapvaal Craton.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 169, 1, pp. 201-215.Africa, South AfricaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0184
2007
Zhao, L.Chevrot, S., Zhao, L.Multiscale finite frequency Rayleigh wave tomography of the Kaapvaal Craton.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 169, 1, pp. 201-215.Africa, South AfricaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-1234
2007
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Complex upper mantle deformation beneath the North Chin a Craton: implications for lithospheric thinning.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 170, 3, Sept. pp. 1095-1099.ChinaTectonics
DS200712-1235
2007
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Zheng, T., Chen, L., Tang, Q.Shear wave splitting in eastern and central China: implications for upper mantle deformation beneath continental margin.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 162, 1-2, pp. 73-84.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-1236
2007
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Zheng, T., Chen, L., Tang, Q.Shear wave splitting in eastern and central China: implications for upper mantle deformation beneath continental margin.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 162, 1-2, pp. 73-84.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200812-0210
2008
Zhao, L.Chen, L., Tao, W., Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Distinct lateral variation of lithospheric thickness in the northeastern North Chin a craton.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 267, 1-2, pp. 56-68.ChinaTectonics
DS200812-1319
2008
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Zheng, T., Lu, G.Insight into craton evolution: constraints from shear wave splitting in the North Chin a Craton.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 168, 3-4, pp. 153-162.ChinaTectonics
DS200812-1323
2008
Zhao, L.Zheng, T.Y., Zhao, L., Zhu, R.X.Insight into the geodynamics of cratonic reactivation from seismic analysis of the crust mantle boundary.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, 8, L08303MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS201212-0821
2013
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Zheng, T., Lu, G.Distinct upper mantle deformation of cratons in response to subduction: constraints from SKS wave splitting measurements in eastern China.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 39-53.ChinaSubduction
DS201503-0158
2015
Zhao, L.Lu, G., Kaus, B.J.P., Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Self-consistent subduction initiation induced by mantle flow.Terra Nova, Vol. 27, 2, pp. 130-138.MantleSubduction
DS201907-1565
2019
Zhao, L.Oliveira, E.P., Talavera, C., Windley, B.F., Zhao, L., Semprich, J.J., McNaughton, N.J., Amaral, W.S., Sombini, G., Navarro, M., Silva, D.Mesoarchean ( 2820 Ma )high pressure mafic granulite at Uaus, Sao Francisco craton, Brazil, and its potential significance for the assembly of Archean supercraton.Precambrian Research, Vol. 331, 105266 20p.South America, Brazilcraton
DS202108-1289
2021
Zhao, L.Hu, Z., Zeng, L., Foerster, M.W., Li, S., Zhao, L., Gao, L., Li, H., Yang, Y.Recycling of subducted continental crust: geochemical evidence from syn-exhumation Triassic alkaline mafic rocks of the southern Liaodong Peninsula, China.Lithos, 10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106353 13p. Chinaalkaline rocks

Abstract: Syn-exhumation mafic magmatism during continental collision provides insights into the crust-mantle reaction during deep subduction and the nature of orogenic lithospheric mantle in collisional orogens. In this study, we present a comprehensive data set of zircon U-Pb ages and whole-rock major-trace elements as well as Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes of alkaline mafic rocks from the southern Liaodong Peninsula, eastern China. Zircon U-Pb analyses yield Late Triassic age of 213 ± 3 to 217 ± 3 Ma, younger than the Middle Triassic ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks of the Dabie-Sulu orogen. Thus, the alkaline mafic rocks are products of syn-exhumation magmatism during continental collision of the South and North China blocks. The rocks show shoshonitic affinities with high K2O (3.78-5.23 wt%) and K2O/Na2O (0.71-1.22). They are characterized by arc-like trace-element patterns with enriched LILE, Pb, and LREE, and depleted HFSE. They exhibit enriched Sr-Nd isotopic compositions with high initial 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios of 0.7058-0.7061 and negative ?Nd(t) values of ?13.0 to ?15.1. These results suggest involvement of recycled continental crust in their mantle source. The mantle source likely formed by the metasomatic reaction of subducted continental crust-derived melts with the overlying subcontinental lithospheric mantle during the Triassic continental collision. Decompressional melting of this metasomatized mantle formed syn-exhumation mafic magmas during the transition from convergent to extensional tectonics in the Late Triassic. Accordingly, mafic rocks from the southern Liaodong Peninsula provide a geochemical record of the subduction and recycling of continental crust into the mantle and melt-mantle reaction induced metasomatism within the orogen.
DS202202-0228
2022
Zhao, L.Zhao, L., Tyler, I.M., Gorczk, W., Murdie, R.E., Gessner, K., Lu, Y., Smithies, H., Lia, T., Yang, J., Zhan, A., Wan, B., Sun, B., Yuan, H.Seismic evidence of two cryptic sutures in northwestern Australia: implications for the style of subduction during the Paleoproterozoic assembly of Columbia.Earth and planetary Science Letters, Vol. 579, 117343, 11p. PdfAustraliageophysics- seismics

Abstract: Plate tectonics, including rifting, subduction, and collision processes, was likely to have been different in the past due to the secular cooling of the Earth. The northeastern part of the West Australian Craton (WAC) has a complex Archean and Paleoproterozoic tectonic history; therefore, it provides an opportunity to study how subduction and collision processes evolved during the emergence of plate tectonics, particularly regarding the assembly of Earth's first supercontinent, Columbia. Because the northeastern boundary of the WAC and the southwestern boundary of the North Australian Craton (NAC) are covered by the Phanerozoic Canning Basin, the regional tectonic evolution has remained enigmatic, including how many tectonic elements were assembled and what may have driven rifting and subsequent collision events. Here, we use new passive-source seismic modeling to identify a seismically distinct segment of the lithosphere, the Percival Lakes Province, which lies east of the Pilbara Craton and is separated by two previously unknown southeast-trending lithosphere scale Paleoproterozoic sutures. We interpret that the northeastern suture, separates the Percival Lakes Province from the NAC, records the amalgamation of the WAC with the NAC. The southwestern suture separates the PLP from the reworked northeastern margin of the Pilbara Craton, including the East Pilbara Terrane and the Rudall Province. A significant upper mantle dipping structure was identified in the southwestern suture, and we interpret it to be a relic of subduction that records a previously unknown Paleoproterozoic collision that pre-dated the amalgamation of the WAC and NAC. By comparing our findings with previously documented dipping features, we show that the Paleoproterozoic collisions are seismically distinguishable from their Phanerozoic counterparts.
DS202001-0035
2019
Zhao, Li. BiancoReina, G., Zhao, Li. Bianco, A., Komatsu, N.Chemical functionalization of nanodiamonds: opportunities and challenges ahead.Angewandte Chemie International edition, Vol. 58, 50, pp. 17918-17929.Globalnanodiamond

Abstract: Nanodiamond(ND)?based technologies are flourishing in a wide variety of fields spanning from electronics and optics to biomedicine. NDs are considered a family of nanomaterials with an sp3 carbon core and a variety of sizes, shapes, and surfaces. They show interesting physicochemical properties such as hardness, stiffness, and chemical stability. Additionally, they can undergo ad?hoc core and surface functionalization, which tailors them for the desired applications. Noteworthy, the properties of NDs and their surface chemistry are highly dependent on the synthetic method used to prepare them. In this Minireview, we describe the preparation of NDs from the materials?chemistry viewpoint. The different methodologies of synthesis, purification, and surface functionalization as well as biomedical applications are critically discussed. New synthetic approaches as well as limits and obstacles of NDs are presented and analyzed.
DS1999-0832
1999
Zhao, M.Zhao, M., Langston, C.A., Owens, T.J.Upper mantle velocity structure beneath southern Africa from modeling regional seismic data.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 104, No.3, Mar. 10, pp. 4783-94.South Africa, Botswana, TanzaniaGeophysics - seismics, Structure
DS1996-0478
1996
Zhao, P.Gao, H., Wang, J., Zhao, P.The updated kriging variance and optimal sample designMathematical Geology, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 295-313GlobalComputer, Program -kriging variance, sample design
DS1994-0845
1994
Zhao, P..Ji, S.C., Zhao, P..Layered rheological structure of subducting oceanic lithosphereEarth Planet. Science Letters, Vol. 124, No. 1-4, June pp. 75-94.MantleTectonics, Subduction
DS200512-1255
2005
Zhao, R.Zhao, R., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Wooden, J.L.SHRIMP U Pb dating of zircon from the Xugou UHP eclogite, Sulu Terraine, eastern China.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 7, pp. 805-814.Asia, ChinaGeochronology
DS200612-1600
2006
Zhao, R.Zhao, R., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Li, T.SHRIMP U Pb zircon dating of the Rongcheng eclogite and associated peridotite: new constraints for UHP metamorphism of mantle derived mafic ultramafic bodiesGeological Society of America Special Paper, No. 403, pp. 115-126.ChinaUHP - Sulu, Dabie, geochronology
DS200712-1237
2007
Zhao, R.Zhao, R., Liou, J.G., Tsujimori, T., Zhang, Ru.Y.Petrology and U-Pb SHRIMP geochronology of a garnet peridotite, Sulu UHP terrane, east central China.International Geology Review, Vol. 49, 8, pp.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1238
2007
Zhao, R.Zhao, R., Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Booth, A.L., Pope, E.C., Chamberlain, C.P.Petrochemistry oxygen isotopes and U-Pb SHRIMP geochronology of mafic ultramafic bodies from the Sulu UHP terrane, China.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 25, 2, pp. 207-224.ChinaUHP
DS200412-2219
2004
Zhao, S.Zhao, S., Muller, R.D.Three dimensional finite element modelling of the tectonic stress field in continental Australia.Hillis, R.R., Muller, R.D. Evolution and dynamics of the Australian Plate, Geological Society America Memoir, No. 372, pp. 59-70.AustraliaTectonics
DS201212-0822
2012
Zhao, S.Zhao, S., Jin, Z., Zhang, J., Xu, H., Xia, G., Green, H.W.II.Does subducting lithosphere weaken as it enters the lower mantle?Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 39, L10311 5p.MantleSubduction
DS201212-0823
2012
Zhao, S.Zhao, S., Lambeck, K., Lidberg, M.Lithosphere thickness and mantle viscosity inverted from GPS - derived deformation rates in Fennoscandia.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 190, 1, pp. 278-292.Europe, Finland, SwedenGeophysics - seismics
DS201812-2902
2018
Zhao, S.Zhao, S., Schettino, E., Merlini, M., Poli, S.The stability and melting of aragonite: an experimental and thermodynamic model for carbonated eclogites in the mantle.Lithos, doi.org/10.1016/ j.lithos.2018.11.005 38p.Mantleeclogite

Abstract: Subduction of calcium carbonate, sequestered in the oceanic crust by hydrothermal metamorphism and biogenic action, accounts for a significant flux of carbon into the mantle, where it contributes to the genesis of carbonatitic and silica-undersaturated melts. However, the reported phase relations in the system CaCO3, notably the transition boundary from disordered calcite (calcite V, here ccv) to aragonite (ara), vary considerably among different studies. Moreover, the thermodynamic properties of ccv and of liquid CaCO3 (CaCO3L) remain to be determined. In order to address the dearth of experimental data on phase relations, and to determine a set of internally consistent thermodynamic properties for ara, ccv and CaCO3L, multi-anvil experiments were performed at 3-6?GPa and 1300-1750?°C. By re-evaluating all experimental data, the transformation of ccv-ara fits the equation Tccv-ara?=?397.6?+?320.17?×?P and the melting curve Tm?=?1578.9?+?139.65?×?P???11.646?×?P2, where pressure is in GPa and temperature in K. Thermodynamic properties retrieved for calcite V and liquid CaCO3 are used to compute phase diagrams of relevance for chemical compositions representative of eclogite heterogeneities of the astenospheric mantle, and compared with experimentally derived phase relationships. Aragonite represents a carbonate of major abundance in carbonated eclogites at high temperature, close to the solidus; its ability to fractionate REE and Ba-Sr contributes to the peculiar geochemical signatures of silica undersaturated magmas. The relatively refractory nature of aragonite impacts on our understanding of the deep carbon cycle.
DS201902-0335
2019
Zhao, S.Zhao, S., Schettino, E., Merlini, M., Poli, S.The stability and melting of aragonite: an experimental and thermodynamic model for carbonated eclogites in the mantle.Lithos, Vo.. 324, 1, pp. 105-114.Mantleeclogites

Abstract: Subduction of calcium carbonate, sequestered in the oceanic crust by hydrothermal metamorphism and biogenic action, accounts for a significant flux of carbon into the mantle, where it contributes to the genesis of carbonatitic and silica-undersaturated melts. However, the reported phase relations in the system CaCO3, notably the transition boundary from disordered calcite (calcite V, here ccv) to aragonite (ara), vary considerably among different studies. Moreover, the thermodynamic properties of ccv and of liquid CaCO3 (CaCO3L) remain to be determined. In order to address the dearth of experimental data on phase relations, and to determine a set of internally consistent thermodynamic properties for ara, ccv and CaCO3L, multi-anvil experiments were performed at 3-6?GPa and 1300-1750?°C. By re-evaluating all experimental data, the transformation of ccv-ara fits the equation Tccv-ara?=?397.6?+?320.17?×?P and the melting curve Tm?=?1578.9?+?139.65?×?P???11.646?×?P2, where pressure is in GPa and temperature in K. Thermodynamic properties retrieved for calcite V and liquid CaCO3 are used to compute phase diagrams of relevance for chemical compositions representative of eclogite heterogeneities of the astenospheric mantle, and compared with experimentally derived phase relationships. Aragonite represents a carbonate of major abundance in carbonated eclogites at high temperature, close to the solidus; its ability to fractionate REE and Ba-Sr contributes to the peculiar geochemical signatures of silica undersaturated magmas. The relatively refractory nature of aragonite impacts on our understanding of the deep carbon cycle.
DS1988-0020
1988
Zhao, S.K.Arkanihamed, J., Zhao, S.K., Strangway, D.W.Geophysical interpretation of the magnetic anomalies of Chin a derived from Magsat dataGeophysic. Journal, Vol. 95, No. 2, November pp. 347-359ChinaGeophysics, Magnetics
DS202004-0502
2020
Zhao, T.Cawood, P.A., Wang, W., Zhao, T., Xu, Y., Mulder, J.A., Pisarevsky, S.A., Zhang, L., Gan, C., He, H., Liu, H., Qi, L., Wang, Y., Yao, J., Zhao, G., Zhou, M-F., Zi, J-W.Deconstructing south China and consequences for reconstructing Nuna and Rodinia.Earth-Science Reviews, in press available, 70p. PdfChinatectonics

Abstract: Contrasting models for internal and external locations of South China within the Nuna and Rodinia supercontinents can be resolved when the current lithotectonic associations of Mesoproterozoic and older rocks units that constitute the craton are redefined into four lithotectonic domains: Kongling, Kunming-Hainan, Wuyi, and Coastal. The Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains are characterized by isolated Archean to early Paleoproterozoic rock units and events and crop out in northern and southern South China, respectively. The Kunming-Hainan Domain is preserved in three spatially separated regions at Kunming (southwestern South China), along the Ailaoshan shear zone, and within Hainan Island. Both domains were affected by late Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal events, indicating their likely juxtaposition by this time to form the proto-Yangtze Block. Late Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic sedimentary and igneous rock units developed on the proto-Yangtze Block, especially in its southern portions, and help link the rock units that formed along the shear zone at Ailaoshan and on Hainan Island into a single, spatially unified unit prior to Paleozoic to Cenozoic structural disaggregation and translation. The Wuyi Domain consists of late Paleoproterozoic rock units within a NE-SW trending, fault-bounded block in eastern South China. The Coastal Domain lies east of the Wuyi domain and is inferred to constitute a structurally separate block. Basement to the domain is not exposed, but zircon Hf model ages from Mesozoic granites suggest Mesoproterozoic basement at depth. The Archean to Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal record of the Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains corresponds closely with that of NW Laurentia, suggesting all were linked, probably in association with assembly and subsequent partial fragmentation of the Nuna supercontinent. Furthermore, the age and character of Mesoproterozoic magmatism and detrital zircon signature of sedimentary rocks in the proto-Yangtze Block matches well with western Laurentia and eastern Australia-Antarctica. In particular, the detrital zircon signature of late Paleoproterozoic to early Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units in the block (e.g. Dongchuan Group) share a similar age spectrum with the Wernecke Supergroup of northwest Laurentia. This, together with similarities in the type and age of Fe-Cu mineralization in the domain with that in eastern Australia-Antarctica, especially northeast Australia, suggests a location adjacent to northwest Laurentia, southern Siberia, and northeast Australia within the Nuna supercontinent. The timing and character of late Paleoproterozoic magmatic activity in the Wuyi domain along with age of detrital zircons in associated sedimentary rocks matches the record of northern India. During rifting between Australia-Antarctica and Laurentia in the late Mesoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block remained linked to northeast Australia. During accretionary orogenesis in the early Neoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block assembled with the Wuyi Domain along the northern margin of India. The Coastal domain likely accreted at this time forming the South China Craton. Displacement of the Hainan and Ailaoshan assemblages from southwest of the Kunming assemblage likely occurred in the Cenozoic with the activation of the Ailaoshan-Red River fault system but could have begun in the early to mid-Paleozoic based on evidence for tectonothermal events in the Hainan assemblage.
DS2002-1789
2002
Zhao, T.P.Zhao, T.P., Zhou, M.F., Zhai, M., Xia, B.Paleoproterozoic rift related volcanism of the Xiong'er group, north Chin a Craton: implications for the breakup of Columbia.International Geology Review, Vol. 44, 4, pp. 336-51.ChinaTectonics - rifting
DS200612-1592
2006
Zhao, T-P.Zhang, K-J., Cai, J-X., Zhang, Yu-X., Zhao, T-P.Eclogites from central Qiangtang, northern Tibet, China: and tectonic implications.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 245, 3-4, May 30, pp. 722-729.Asia, ChinaUHP, subduction
DS1991-1001
1991
Zhao, W.Liu, M., Yuen, D.A., Zhao, W., Honda, S.Development of diapiric structures in the Upper mantle due to phasetransitionsScience, Vol. 252, June 24, pp. 1836-1839GlobalHot spot, Mantle
DS1993-1817
1993
Zhao, W.Zhao, W., Nelson, K.D., et al.Deep seismic reflection evidence for continental underthrusting beneath southern Tibet.Nature, Vol. 366, No. 6455, December 9, pp. 557.ChinaGeophysics -seismics, Tectonics
DS2002-0850
2002
Zhao, W.Kind, R., Yuan, X., Saul, J., Nelson, D., Sobolev, S.V., Mechie, J., Zhao, W.Seismic images of crust and upper mantle beneath Tibet: evidence for Eurasian plateScience, No. 5596, pp. 1219-1221.Mantle, ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS201805-0943
2018
Zhao, W.Dobrzhinetskaya, L., Mukhin, P., wang, Q., Wirth, R., O'Bannon, E., Zhao, W., Eppelbaum, L., Sokhonchuk, T.Moissanite ( SiC) with metal silicide and silicon inclusions from tuff of Israel: raman spectroscopy and electron microscope studies.Lithos, in press available 58p.Europe, Israelmoissanite

Abstract: Here, we present studies of natural SiC that occurs in situ in tuff related to the Miocene alkaline basalt formation deposited in northern part of Israel. Raman spectroscopy, SEM and FIB-assisted TEM studies revealed that SiC is primarily hexagonal polytypes 4H-SiC and 6H-SiC, and that the 4H-SiC polytype is the predominant phase. Both SiC polytypes contain crystalline inclusions of silicon (Sio) and inclusions of metal-silicide with varying compositions (e.g. Si58V25Ti12Cr3Fe2, Si41Fe24Ti20Ni7V5Zr3, and Si43Fe40Ni17). The silicides crystal structure parameters match Si2TiV5 (Pm-3 m space group, cubic), FeSi2Ti (Pbam space group, orthorhombic), and FeSi2 (Cmca space group, orthorhombic) respectively. We hypothesize that SiC was formed in a local ultra-reduced environment at respectively shallow depths (60-100 km), through a "desilification" reaction of SiO2 with highly reducing fluids (H2O-CH4-H2-C2H6) arisen from the mantle "hot spot" and passing through alkaline basalt magma reservoir. SiO2 (melt) interacting with the fluids may originate from the walls of the crustal rocks surrounding this magmatic reservoir. The "desilification" process led to the formation of SiC and the reduction of metal-oxides to native metals, alloys, and silicides. The latter were trapped by SiC during its growth. Hence, interplate "hot spot" alkali basalt volcanism can now be included as a geological environment where SiC, silicon, and silicides can be found.
DS1996-1603
1996
Zhao, X.Zhao, X., Coe, R.S., Gilder, S.A., Frost, G.M.Paleomagnetic constraints on the paeogeography of China: implications forGondwanalandAustralian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 43, pp. 643-672Australia, ChinaPaleomagnetism, Tarim, Tectonics
DS200512-1225
2003
Zhao, X.Yu, X., Mo, X., Liao, Z., Zhao, X., Su, Q.The petrological and mineralogical characteristics of Cenozoic kamafugite and carbonatite association from west Qinling area ( China).Periodico di Mineralogia, (in english), Vol. LXX11, 1. April, pp. 161-179.China, GansuTectonics
DS201012-0892
2010
Zhao, X.Zhao, X., Zhang, H., Zhu, X., Tang, S., Tang, Y.Iron isotope variations in spinel peridotite xenoliths from North Chin a craton: implications for mantle metasomatism.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 160, 1, pp. 1-14.ChinaXenoliths
DS201506-0302
2015
Zhao, X.Zhu, H., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Zhu, Y., Zhu, F., Zhao, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, W., Xu, W.The discovery of diamonds in chromitites of the Hegenshan ophiolite, Inner Mongolia, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 89, 2, pp. 341-350.China, MongoliaChromitite
DS201511-1893
2015
Zhao, X.Zhao, X., Shi, G., Zhang, J.Review of lithospheric diamonds and their mineral inclusions.Advances in Earth Science *** Chinese ( eng. Abstract only), Vol. 30, 3, pp. 310-322.MantleDiamond inclusions

Abstract: Diamonds and their mineral inclusions are valuable for studying the genesis of diamonds, the characteristics and processes of ancient lithospheric mantle and deeper mantle. This has been paid lots of attentions by geologists both at home and abroad. Most diamonds come from lithospheric mantle. According to their formation preceded, accompanied or followed crystallization of their host diamonds, mineral inclusions in diamonds are divided into three groups: protogenetic, syngenetic and epigenetic. To determine which group the mineral inclusions belong to is very important because it is vital for understanding the data’s meaning. According to the type of mantle source rocks, mineral inclusions in diamonds are usually divided into peridotitic (or ultramafic) suite and eclogitic suite. The mineral species of each suite are described and mineralogical characteristics of most common inclusions in diamonds, such as olivine, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, garnet, chromite and sulfide are reviewed in detail. In this paper, the main research fields and findings of diamonds and their inclusions were described: ?getting knowledge of mineralogical and petrologic characteristics of diamond source areas, characteristics of mantle fluids and mantle dynamics processes by studying the major element and trace element compositions of mineral inclusions; ?discussing deep carbon cycle by studying carbon isotopic composition of diamonds; ?determining forming temperature and pressure of diamonds by using appropriate assemblages of mineral inclusions or single mineral inclusion as geothermobarometry, by using the abundance and aggregation of nitrogen impurities in diamonds and by measuring the residual stress that an inclusion remains under within a diamond ; ?estimating the crystallization ages of diamonds by using the aggregation of nitrogen impurities in diamonds and by determine the radiometric ages of syngenetic mineral inclusions in diamonds. Genetic model of craton lithospheric diamonds and their mineral inclusion were also introduced. In the end, the research progress on diamonds and their inclusions in China and the gap between domestic and international research are discussed.
DS200612-1597
2006
Zhao, X.D.Zhang, Z.M., Liou, J.G., Zhao, X.D., Shi, C.Petrogenesis of Maiobei rutile eclogites from the southern Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt, eastern China.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 24, 8, pp. 727-741.ChinaUHP
DS202111-1787
2021
Zhao, X-F.Su, J-H., Zhao, X-F., Li, X-C., Su, Z-K., Liu, R., Qin, Z-J., Chen, W.T., Zhang, W., Chen, Y-W.Fingerprinting REE mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization history of the carbonatite-alkaline complexes, central China: constraints from in situ elemental and isotopic analyses of phosphate minerals.American Mineralogist, Vol. 106, pp. 1545-1558.ChinaREE

Abstract: Carbonatites and related alkaline rocks host most REE resources. Phosphate minerals, e.g., apatite and monazite, commonly occur as the main REE-host in carbonatites and have been used for tracing magmatic and mineralization processes. Many carbonatite intrusions undergo metamorphic and/or metasomatic modification after emplacement; however, the effects of such secondary events are controversial. In this study, the Miaoya and Shaxiongdong carbonatite-alkaline complexes, in the South Qinling Belt of Central China, are selected to unravel their magmatic and hydrothermal remobilization histories. Both the complexes are accompanied by Nb-REE mineralization and contain apatite and monazite-(Ce) as the major REE carriers. Apatite grains from the two complexes commonly show typical replacement textures related to fluid metasomatism, due to coupled dissolution-reprecipitation. The altered apatite domains, which contain abundant monazite-(Ce) inclusions or are locally surrounded by fine-grained monazite-(Ce), have average REE concentrations lower than primary apatite. These monazite-(Ce) inclusions and fine-grained monazite-(Ce) grains are proposed to have formed by the leaching REE from primary apatite grains during fluid metasomatism. A second type of monazite-(Ce), not spatially associated with apatite, shows porous textures and zoning under BSE imaging. Spot analyses of these monazite-(Ce) grains have variable U-Th-Pb ages of 210-410 Ma and show a peak age of 230 Ma, which is significantly younger than the emplacement age (440-430 Ma) but is roughly synchronous with a regionally metamorphic event related to the collision between the North China Craton and Yangtze Block along the Mianlue suture. However, in situ LA-MC-ICP-MS analyses of those grains show that they have initial Nd values same as those of magmatic apatite and whole rock. We suggest these monazite-(Ce) grains crystallized from the early Silurian carbonatites and have been partially or fully modified during a Triassic metamorphic event, partially resetting U-Pb ages over a wide range. Mass-balance calculations, based on mass proportions and the REE contents of monazite-(Ce) and apatite, demonstrate that the quantity of metasomatized early Silurian monazite-(Ce) is far higher than the proportion of monazite-(Ce) resulting from the metasomatic alteration of the apatite. Therefore, Triassic metamorphic events largely reset the U-Th-Pb isotopic system of the primary monazite-(Ce) and apatite but only had limited or local effects on REE remobilization in the carbonatite-alkaline complexes in the South Qinling Belt. Such scenarios may be widely applicable for other carbonatite and hydrothermal systems.
DS202204-0537
2022
Zhao, X-F.Su, J-H., Zhao, X-F., Li, X-C., Hu, W., Chen. W., Slezak, P.Unmixing of REE-Nb enriched carbonatites after incremental fractionation of alkaline magmas in the Shixiongdong complex, central China.Lithos, Vol. 416-417, 18p. 106651ChinaREE
DS201709-2073
2017
Zhao, X-L.Wilson, G., Kilius, L.R., Rucklidge, J.C., Zhao, X-L.Trace element analysis of mineral grains using accelerator mass spectrometry - from sampling to interpretation.Nuclear instruments and methods in Physics Research Section B , Vol. 123 ( 1-4) pp. 579-582.Technologyspectrometry

Abstract: A brief overview is provided of the uses of AMS in mineral analysis, emphasizing the selection of appropriate samples. Simple guidelines are given for judging the suitability of a set of samples (and the type of problem that they pose) for AMS, as opposed to other methods of in-situ analysis. Optimal interpretation of the AMS data requires that the method be employed in conjunction with a range of other types of information. These include textural and mineralogical observations obtained with petrographic or scanning electron microscopes, plus in-situ chemical data for areas of the target typically 1–250 ?m in diameter, obtained by some combination of complementary techniques, such as electron, proton or ion microprobe analysis (EPM, PIXE and SIMS, respectively).
DS200812-1136
2008
Zhao, X-M.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Ying, J-F., Xiao, Y., Zhao, X-M.Nature and processes of the lithospheric mantle beneath the western Qinling: evidence from deformed peridotitic xenoliths in Cenozoic kamafugite from Haoiti, Gansu ProJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 34, 3, pp. 258-274.ChinaKamafugite
DS200912-0738
2009
Zhao, X-M.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Ying, J-F., Xiao, Y., Zhao, X-M.Nature and processes of the lithospheric mantle beneath the western Qinling: evidence from deformed peridotitic xenoliths in Cenozoic kamafugite from Haoti Province.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 34, pp. 258-274.ChinaKamafugite
DS201012-0766
2010
Zhao, X-M.Su, B-X., Zhang, H-F., Sakyi, P.A., Ying, J-F., Tang, Y-J., Yang, Y-H., Qin, K-Z., Xiao, Y., Zhao, X-M.Compositionally stratified lithosphere and carbonatite metasomatism recorded in mantle xenoliths from the Western Qinling (Central China).Lithos, Vol. 116, pp. 111-128.ChinaCarbonatite
DS201212-0716
2013
Zhao, X-M.Tang, Y-L., Zhang, H-F., Ying, J-F., Su, B-X., Chu, Z.Y., Xiao, Y., Zhao, X-M.Highly heterogeneous lithospheric mantle beneath the Central Zone of the North Chin a Craton evolved from Archean mantle through diverse melt refertilization.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 130-140.ChinaMelting
DS201212-0812
2012
Zhao, X-M.Zhang, H-F., Yang,Y-H., Santosh, M., Zhao, X-M., Ying, J-F., Xiao, Y.Evolution of the Archean and Paleoproterozoic lower crust beneath the Trans-North Chin a Orogen and the western block of the north Chin a craton.Gondwana Research, Vol. 22, 1, pp. 73-85.ChinaGeochronology, tectonics, cratons
DS201212-0824
2013
Zhao, X-M.Zhao, X-M., Zhang, H-F., Su, F., Lo, C-H., Yang, S-H., Guo, J-H.Phlogopite 40 Ar/39 Ar geochronology of mantle xenoliths from the North Chin a craton: constraints on the eruption ages of of Cenozoic basalts.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 208-219.ChinaGeochronology
DS1986-0350
1986
Zhao, Y.He, G., Shanguan, Z., Zhao, Y.Carbonatites and their patterns of rare earth elements (REE) distribution in Erdaobian and Boshanareas, ChinaProceedings of the Fourth International Kimberlite Conference, Held Perth, Australia, No. 16, pp. 39-41ChinaCarbonatite, rare earth elements (REE).
DS1986-0351
1986
Zhao, Y.He, G., Zhao, Y.Geochemistry of porphyritic kimberlites in Mengyin County,Shandong Province and in Fuxian County, Liaoning Province,ChinaProceedings of the Fourth International Kimberlite Conference, Held Perth, Australia, No. 16, pp. 36-38ChinaGeochemistry
DS1990-0833
1990
Zhao, Y.Kim, Y.C., Zhao, Y.The implementation of blast hole kriging on personal computerAmerican Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) Preprint, No. 90-4, 11pGlobalKriging, Geostatistics
DS1990-1631
1990
Zhao, Y.Zhao, Y., Kim, Y.C.A new graph theory algorithm for optimal ultimate pit designAmerican Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) Preprint, No. 90-9, 12pGlobalComputer, Mining - pit design
DS1994-0906
1994
Zhao, Y.Kim, Y.C., Zhao, Y.Optimum open pit production sequencing -the current state of the artAmerican Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) Preprint, Meeting held Albuquerque Feb. 14-17th, No. 94-224, 8pUnited StatesGeostatistics, Mining -open pit production
DS200512-0819
2005
Zhao, Y.Pantea, C., Voronin, G.A., Waldek Zerda, T., Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Uchida, T., Zhao, Y.Kinetics of SIC formation during high P T reaction between diamond and silicon.Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 14, 10, pp. 1611-1615.TechnologySIC
DS201012-0831
2010
Zhao, Y.Wang, L., Zhao, Y., Ding, J., Hao, J.,Ma, L.J., Zhang, L.X.Macrocrystal garnet and its inclusions in kimberlite pipes from the Mengyin area, Shandong Province, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 84, 1, pp. 167-177.ChinaDeposit - Mengyin
DS201112-0314
2011
Zhao, Y.Fan, Q., Sui, J., Du, X., Zhao, Y.Genesis of carbonatite from Hannuoba and Yangyuan north China.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.827.ChinaMantle evolution
DS201412-0964
2014
Zhao, Y.Wang, W., Liu, S., Santsh, M., Zhang, L., Bai, X., Zhao, Y., Zhang, S., Guo, R.1.23 Ga mafic dykes in the North Chin a craton and their implications for the reconstruction of the Columbia supercontinent.Gondwana Research, in press availableChinaSupercontinents
DS201703-0441
2017
Zhao, Y.Zhang, S-H., Zhao, Y., Liu, Y.A precise zircon Th-Pb age of carbonatite sills from the world's largest Bayan Obo deposit: implications for timing and genesis of REE-Nb mineralization.Precambrian Research, Vol. 291, pp. 202-219.ChinaDeposit - Bayan Obo

Abstract: The Bayan Obo in the northern North China Craton (NCC) is the world’s largest light rare earth element (LREE) deposit and is hosted in carbonatite sills emplaced into sedimentary rocks of the Bayan Obo Group. However, the timing and genesis of the Bayan Obo deposit has been highly controversial for many decades. Here we report a precise zircon 208Pb/232Th age of 1301 ± 12 Ma (N = 47, mean square of weighted deviates [MSWD] = 2.2) for a REE-Nb-rich carbonatite sill from the Bayan Obo deposit. Zircon morphology, trace element compositions and mineral inclusions demonstrate that these zircons were crystallized from REE-Nb-rich carbonatitic magmas and their ages represent the timing of carbonatites and REE-Nb mineralization. The newly obtained age of ca. 1.30 Ga is consistent with field observations of the Bayan Obo REE-Nb deposit and successfully explains why the carbonatites and REE-Nb mineralization in the Bayan Obo deposit occurred mainly in the Jianshan Formation and that no carbonatites and REE-Nb mineralization were identified from the rocks overlying the Jianshan Formation. The new results demonstrate that the Bayan Obo REE-Nb deposit is a product of mantle-derived carbonatite magmatism at ca. 1.30 Ga. Field relations show that emplacement of the Bayan Obo carbonatites was accompanied by pre-magmatic uplift that is considered to be related to rift-to-drift transition. The Bayan Obo carbonatites and REE-Nb deposit are spatially and temporally linked with the newly identified 1.33-1.30 Ga Yanliao large igneous province (LIP) in the northern NCC and were related to continental rifting that have led to breakup of the NCC from the Columbia (Nuna) supercontinent.
DS201708-1585
2017
Zhao, Y.Zhang, S-H., Zhao, Y., Li, Q-L., Zhao-Chu, C., Zhen, Y.First identification of baddleleyite related/linked to contact metamorphism from carbonatites in the world's largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo in north Chin a craton.Lithos, Vol 284, pp. 654-665.Chinacarbonatite, Bayan Obo

Abstract: Baddeleyite has been recognized as a key mineral to determine the crystallization age of silica-undersaturated igneous rocks. Here we report a new occurrence of baddeleyite identified from REE-Nb-Th-rich carbonatite in the world's largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo, in the North China Craton (China). U-Th-Pb dating of three baddeleyite samples yields crystallization ages of 310–270 Ma with the best estimated crystallization age of ca. 280 Ma. These ages are significantly younger than the ca. 1300 Ma Bayan Obo carbonatites, but broadly coeval to nearby Permian granitoids intruding into the carbonatites. Hence, the Bayan Obo baddeleyite did not crystallize from the carbonatitic magma that led to the formation of the Bayan Obo carbonatites and related REE-Nb-Th deposit. Instead, it crystallized from hydrothermal fluids and/or a reaction involving zircon and dolomite during contact metamorphism related to the Permian granitoid emplacement. This is in agreement with the results of electron microprobe analysis that show humite inclusions in baddeleyite, since humite is a typical magnesian skarn mineral and occurs in close proximity to the intrusive contacts between carbonatites and granitoids. Our results show that baddeleyite can be used for dating hydrothermal and contact metamorphic processes.
DS201901-0086
2018
Zhao, Y.Wang, S., Yu, H., Zhang, Q., Zhao, Y.Absolute plate motions relative to deep mantle plumes.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 490, 1, pp. 88-99.Mantlehotspots

Abstract: Advances in whole waveform seismic tomography have revealed the presence of broad mantle plumes rooted at the base of the Earth's mantle beneath major hotspots. Hotspot tracks associated with these deep mantle plumes provide ideal constraints for inverting absolute plate motions as well as testing the fixed hotspot hypothesis. In this paper, 27 observed hotspot trends associated with 24 deep mantle plumes are used together with the MORVEL model for relative plate motions to determine an absolute plate motion model, in terms of a maximum likelihood optimization for angular data fitting, combined with an outlier data detection procedure based on statistical tests. The obtained T25M model fits 25 observed trends of globally distributed hotspot tracks to the statistically required level, while the other two hotspot trend data (Comores on Somalia and Iceland on Eurasia) are identified as outliers, which are significantly incompatible with other data. For most hotspots with rate data available, T25M predicts plate velocities significantly lower than the observed rates of hotspot volcanic migration, which cannot be fully explained by biased errors in observed rate data. Instead, the apparent hotspot motions derived by subtracting the observed hotspot migration velocities from the T25M plate velocities exhibit a combined pattern of being opposite to plate velocities and moving towards mid-ocean ridges. The newly estimated net rotation of the lithosphere is statistically compatible with three recent estimates, but differs significantly from 30 of 33 prior estimates.
DS202104-0565
2021
Zhao, Y.Arnaiz-Rodriguez, M., Zhao, Y., Sanchez-Gamboa, A.K., Audemard, F.Crustal and upper-mantle structure of the eastern Caribbean and northern Venezuela from passive Rayleigh wave tomography.Tectonophysics, Vol. 804, 228711 18p. pdf South America, Venezuelageophysics - seismic

Abstract: We explore the shear-wave lithospheric velocity structure of the Eastern Caribbean and Northern Venezuela using ambient noise tomography with stations deployed around the study area. We construct cross-correlation functions from continuous seismic records, and measure phase velocities of fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves. These velocities are further projected onto 0.6°x0.6° phase velocity grids for each period between 5 s and 50 s. The pseudo-dispersion curve at each grid point is inverted for 1D shear velocity profiles by using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo scheme. The interpolated 3D velocity model shows that the mean shear velocity of the Eastern Caribbean lithospheric mantle is lower than the global average, which is in agreement with values reported in other large igneous provinces. We interpret that low velocities in the lithospheric keel are associated with an anomalous composition and/or an elevated thermal state; this gives the Caribbean plate a high buoyancy that determines the subduction polarities in the region. The results also indicate that: (a) the mantle beneath Northern Venezuela retains compositional anomalies related to extension processes of different ages; (b) the overriding of the Caribbean plate by the Great Antilles arc seems to be much slower than previously suggested; and (c) the localized volcanism in the center of the Lesser Antilles arc is related to asthenospheric flow through the tear induced on the subducted slab by major strike-slip faults.
DS2001-1310
2001
Zhao, Z.Zhao, Z., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, W.Elastic wave velocity in rocks form Dabie Shan and its constraints for lithospheric composition and recycling.Progress in Natural Science, Vol. 11, 2, pp. 115-22.ChinaGeophysics - seismics, Crust - mantle, UHP
DS200512-0242
2005
Zhao, Z.Dong, S., Gao, R., Cong, B., Zhao, Z., Liu, X., Li, S., Huang, D.Crustal structure of the southern Dabie ultrahigh pressure orogen and Yangtze foreland from deep seismic reflection profiling.Terra Nova, Vol. 16, 6, Dec. pp. 319-324.ChinaUHP, tectonics
DS200612-1601
2006
Zhao, Z.Zhao, Z., Gautheron, C., Farley, K., Zhang, H., Yu, X., Mo, X.Subcontinental lithospheric mantle origin of the Cenozoic kamafugite in western Qinling, China: evidence from helium isotopes in mantle derived xenoliths.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 16 abstract only.ChinaKamafugite, geochronology
DS200712-0736
2006
Zhao, Z.Mo, X., Zhao, Z., Deng, J., Flower, M., Yu, X., Luo, Z., Li, Y., Zhou, S., Deng, G., Zhu, D.Petrology and geochemistry of post collisional volcanic rocks from the Tibetan plateau: implications for lithosphere heterogeneity and collision induced mantleGeological Society of America, Special Paper, No. 409, pp. 507-530.AsiaSubduction
DS200712-1133
2007
Zhao, Z.Wang, Q., Wyman, D.A., Xu, J., Jian, P., Zhao, Z., Li, C., Xu, W., Ma, J., He, B.Early Cretaceous adakitic granites in the northern Dabie Complex, central China: implications for partial melting and delamination of thickened lower crust.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, 10, May 15, pp. 2609-2636.ChinaUHP - Dabie Shon
DS200812-1300
2008
Zhao, Z.Yu, X., Zhao, Z., Mo, X., Dong, G.Cenozoic alkaline and carbonatitic magmatism in northeastern Tibetan Plateau: implications for mantle plume.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A1065.Asia, TibetCarbonatite
DS200912-0844
2009
Zhao, Z.Yu, X., Mo, X., Zhao, Z.Two types of Cenozoic potassic volcanic rocks and carbonatite and their geodynamic implications in western Qinling, NW China.Goldschmidt Conference 2009, p. A1491 Abstract.ChinaCarbonatite
DS200912-0858
2009
Zhao, Z.Zhao, Z., Xiong, X., Wang, Q., Bai, Z., Qiao, Y.Late Paleozoic underplating in North Xinjiang: evidence from shoshonites and adakites.Gondwana Research, Vol. 18, 2, pp. 216-226.ChinaShoshonite
DS201112-1168
2011
Zhao, Z.Zhao, Z., Niu, N.I., Christensen, W., Zhou, Q., Zhang, Z.M., Xie, Z.C., Zhang, J.L.Delamination and ultradeep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.MantleSubduction, UHP
DS201112-1169
2011
Zhao, Z.Zhao, Z., Niu, Y., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, Hou, Zhang, Xie, Zhang, LiuDelamination and ultra deep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultra high pressure metamorphic rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.ChinaUHP - Dabie
DS201112-1170
2011
Zhao, Z.Zhao, Z., Niu, Y., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, W., Hou, Q., Zhang, Z.M., Xie, H., Zhang, Z.C., Liu, J.Delamination and ultradeep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultrahigh pressure met. rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.MantleUHP
DS201312-0654
2013
Zhao, Z.Niu, Y.,Zhao, Z., Zhu, D., Mo, X.Continental collision zones are primary sites for net continental crust growth - a testable hypothesis.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 127, pp. 96-110.MantleMelting, magmatism
DS201412-0383
2014
Zhao, Z.Huang, Q., Yu, D., Xu, B., Hu, W., Ma, Y., Wang, Y., Zhao, Z., Wen, B., He, J., Liu, Z., Tian, Y.Nanotwinned diamond with unprecedented hardness and stability.Nature, Vol. 510, June 12, pp. 250-253.TechnologyDiamond synthetic
DS201412-0517
2014
Zhao, Z.Liu, D., Zhao, Z., Zhu, D-C., DePaolo, D.J., Harrison, T.M., Mo, X., Dong, G., Zhou, S., Sun, C., Zhang, Z., Liu, J.Post collisional potassic and ultrapotassic rocks in southern Tibet: mantle and crustal origins in response to India-Asia collision and convergence.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 143, pp. 207-231.Asia, TibetAlkalic
DS201412-0518
2014
Zhao, Z.Liu, D., Zhao, Z., Zhu, D-C., Niu, Y., Harrison, T.M.Zircon xenocrysts in Tibetan ultrapotassic magmas: imaging the deep crust through time.Geology, Vol. 42, pp. 43-46.Asia, TibetGeochronology
DS201603-0420
2016
Zhao, Z.Shu, Q., Brey, G.P., Hoefer, H.E., Zhao, Z., Pearson, D.G.Kyanite/corundum eclogites from the Kaapvaal craton: subducted troctolites and layered gabbros from the Mid- to Early Archean.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 171, 11, 24p.Africa, South AfricaDeposit - Bellsbank

Abstract: An oceanic crustal origin is the commonly accepted paradigm for mantle-derived eclogites. However, the significance of the aluminous members of the eclogite suite, containing kyanite and corundum, has long been underrated and their role neglected in genetic models of cratonic evolution. Here, we present a geochemical and petrological study of a suite of kyanite- and corundum-bearing eclogites from the Bellsbank kimberlite, S. Africa, which originate from depths between 150 and 200 km. Although clearly of high-pressure provenance, these rocks had a low-pressure cumulative origin with plagioclase and olivine as major cumulate phases. This is shown by the very pronounced positive Eu anomalies, low REE abundances, and ? 18O values lower than the Earth’s mantle. Many chemical features are identical to modern-day troctolitic cumulates including a light REE depletion akin to MORB, but there are also distinguishing features in that the eclogites are richer in Na, Fe, and Ni. Two of the eclogites have a minimum age of ~3.2 Ga, defined by the extremely unradiogenic 87Sr/86Sr (0.7007) in clinopyroxene. Phase equilibria indicate that the parent melts were formed by partial melting below an Archean volcanic center that generated (alkali-)picritic to high-alumina tholeiitic melts from a mantle whose oxygen fugacity was lower than today. Fractional crystallization produced troctolites with immiscible sulfide melt droplets within the mafic crust. Instability of the mafic crust led to deep subduction and re-equilibration at 4 6 GPa. Phase relationships plus the presence of a sample with appreciable modal corundum but no Eu anomaly suggest that kyanite- and corundum-bearing eclogites may also originate as plagioclase-free, higher pressure cumulates of highly aluminous clinopyroxene, spinel, and olivine. This is consistent with the crystallizing phase assemblage from an olivine tholeiitic to picritic magma deeper in the Archean oceanic crust or uppermost mantle. We postulate that the magmatic and subduction processes driving modern plate tectonics already existed in the Meso- to Early Archean.
DS202111-1788
2021
Zhao, Z.Sun, K., Zhao, Z., Zhang, L., Qiu, L., Liu, X., He, S., Ren, J., Ye, L., Cui, Y.Geochronology, petrography and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes of Mbalizi carbonatite, southwestern Tanzania.Journal of African Sciences, Vol. 184, 104308, 12p. PdfAfrica, Tanzaniadeposit - Mbalizi

Abstract: The Mbalizi carbonatite is located in the middle of the Paleoproterozoic Ubendian Mobile Belt and the western branch of East Africa Rift, southwestern Tanzania. Calcite, dolomite, phlogopite, pyrochlore and apatite are found in the sample. Mineral chemistry studies have shown that the carbonatite phlogopite is linked to mantle-derived magmatism. The apatite is fluorapatite, means they are of magmatic origin. The analyses on two crystals of pyrochlore show high concentrations of Nb2O5, and therefore the Nb-oxide is classified as pyrochlore subspecies. Three types of zircon have been obtained from the Mbalizi carbonatite, including xenocrysts zircon, igneous zircon and metamorphic zircon. Zircon in-situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating in this contribution indicates that the Mbalizi carbonatite was crystallized at ca. 116.0 ± 1.8 Ma. The ?Hf(t) values of igneous zircon ranging from ?13.9 to +5.7, indicates that the carbonatite parental magma was originated from the sub-continental lithospheric mantle, and evolves toward HIMU and EM. The whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopic data suggest more contribution of the HIMU and EM? material. We propose that the complex evolutionary history of the Ubendian Mobile Belt has stored the subduction oceanic crust which has the EM? and HIMU components, forming the compositional heterogeneity mantle beneath the Ubendian Mobile Belt. At 116.0 ± 1.8 Ma, with the extension stress field, deep faults cause the pressure reduction, resulting in reactive of the upwelling of the HIMU and EM? components. This provides the metamorphic conditions to induce the isotopic resetting and may result in large scatter of initial 176Hf/177Hf ratios of carbonatite melts.
DS1998-0465
1998
Zhao, Z.D.Gao, S., Zhang, B.R., Zhao, Z.D.How mafic is the lower continental crust?Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 161, No. 1-4, Sept. 1, pp. 101-118.MantleMagmatism
DS200512-1249
2005
Zhao, Z.D.Zhang, S.Q., Mahoney, J.J., Mo, X.X., Ghazi, A.M., Milani, L., Crawford, A.J., Guo, T.Y., Zhao, Z.D.Evidence for a Wide spread Tethyan upper mantle with Indian - Ocean type isotopic characteristics.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 46, 4, pp. 829-858.Indian OceanGeochronology
DS2003-1558
2003
Zhao, Z.F.Zheng, Y.F., Gong, B., Zhao, Z.F., Fe, B., Li, Y.L.Two types of gneisses associated with eclogite at Shuanghe in the Dabie terrane:Lithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 321-343.ChinaUHP, eclogites
DS200412-2225
2003
Zhao, Z.F.Zheng, Y.F., Gong, B., Zhao, Z.F., Fe, B., Li, Y.L.Two types of gneisses associated with eclogite at Shuanghe in the Dabie terrane: carbon isotope, zircon Y.F. dating and oxygen iLithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 321-343.ChinaUHP, eclogites
DS200512-1256
2004
Zhao, Z.F.Zhao, Z.F., Zheng, Y.F., Wei, C.S., Wu, Y.B.Zircon isotope evidence for recycling of subducted continental crust in post collisional granitoids from the Dabie terrane in China.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, 22, Nov. 28, DOI 10.1029/2004 GLO021061ChinaGeochronology
DS200612-0607
2006
Zhao, Z.F.Huang, J., Zheng, Y-F., Zhao, Z.F., Wu, Y-B., Zhou, J-B., Liu, X.Melting of subducted continent: element and isotopic evidence for a genetic relationship between Neoproterozoic and Mesozoic granitoids in the Sulu orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 229, 4, May 30, pp. 227-256.ChinaGeochronology, rift magmatism, subduction
DS200612-1610
2006
Zhao, Z.F.Zheng, Y-F., Zhao, Z.F., Wu, Y-B., Zhang, S-B., Liu, X., Wu, F-Y.Zircon U Pb age, Hf and O isotope contraints on protolith origin of ultrahigh pressure eclogite and gneiss in the Dabie Orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 231, 1-2, pp. 135-158.ChinaUHP
DS200812-1324
2008
Zhao, Z.F.Zheng, Y.F., Gong, B., Zhao, Z.F., Wu, Y.B., Chen, P.K.Zircon U Pb age and O isotope evidence for Neoproterozoic low 180 magmatism during super continental rifting in South China: implications for theAmerican Journal of Science, Vol. 308, 4, pp. 484-516.ChinaSnowball Earth
DS200812-1293
2008
Zhao, Z.R.Yang, T.N., Zeng, L., Zhao, Z.R., Liou, J.G.Retrograde reaction of an ultrahigh pressure metamorphic spinel pyroxenite lens, northeast Sulu UHP terrane, eastern China.International Geology Review, Vol. 50, 1, pp. 32-47.ChinaUHP
DS2003-1555
2003
Zhao, Z.Y.Zhao, Z.Y., Fang, A.M., Yu, L.J.High to ultrahigh pressure ductile shear zones in the Sulu UHP metamorphic belt, China:Terra Nova, Vol. 15, pp. 322-29.ChinaUHP, subduction
DS200412-2220
2003
Zhao, Z.Y.Zhao, Z.Y., Fang, A.M., Yu, L.J.High to ultrahigh pressure ductile shear zones in the Sulu UHP metamorphic belt, China: implications for continental subductionTerra Nova, Vol. 15, pp. 322-29.ChinaUHP, subduction
DS200512-1257
2005
Zhao, Z.Y.Zhao, Z.Y., Wei, C.J., Fang, A.M.Plastic flow of coesite eclogite in a deep continent subduction regime: microstructures, deformation mechanisms and rheologic implications.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 237, 1-2, Aug, 30, pp. 209-222.Asia, ChinaUHP, Sulu
DS2000-0310
2000
Zhao, Z-B.Gao, S., Kern, H., Zhao, Z-B.Measured and calculated seismic velocities and densities for granulites from xenolith occurrencesJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 105, No.8, Aug. 10, pp.18965-76.ChinaCraton - North, Lower crustal sections
DS200612-1594
2006
Zhao, Z-F.Zhang, S-B., Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, Z-F., Gao, S., Wu, F-Y.Zircon isotope evidence for >3.5 Ga continental crust in the Yangtze craton of China.Precambrian Research, in press,ChinaCrustal evolution, geochronology
DS200612-1602
2006
Zhao, Z-F.Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F., Gao, T.S., Wu, Y.B., Chen, B., Chen, F-K., Wu, F.Y.Isotopic constraints on age and duration of fluid assisted high pressure eclogite facies recrystallization during exhumation of deeply subducted continental crursJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 24, 8, pp. 687-702.ChinaUHP Sulu orogen
DS200612-1609
2006
Zhao, Z-F.Zheng, Y.F., Zhao, Z-F., Wu, Y-B., Gong, B.Protolith nature of deeply subducted continent: zircon U-Pb age, Hf and O isotope constraints from UHP eclogite and gneiss in the Dabie orogen.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 18, abstract only.ChinaUHP, geochronology
DS200712-1185
2007
Zhao, Z-F.Wu, Y-B., Zheng, Y-F., Zhang, S-B., Zhao, Z-F., Wu, F-Y., Liu, X-M.Zircon UPb ages and Hf isotope compositions of migmatite from the North Dabie Terrane in China: constraints on partial melting.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 25, 9, pp. 901-1009.ChinaUHP - melting
DS200712-1243
2007
Zhao, Z-F.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, Z-F., Gong, B.Two episodes of zircon growth due to fluid availablility during subduction and exhumation of continental crust: U Pb age, Hf and O isotope evidence from ultrahigh pressure eclogiteFrontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 259-260.ChinaDabie Orogen
DS200712-1244
2007
Zhao, Z-F.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, Z-F., Gong, B.Two episodes of zircon growth due to fluid availablility during subduction and exhumation of continental crust: U Pb age, Hf and O isotope evidence from ultrahigh pressure eclogiteFrontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 259-260.ChinaDabie Orogen
DS200812-1320
2008
Zhao, Z-F.Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y.F., Wei, C-S., Chen, F-K., Liu, X., Wu, F-Y.Zircon U Pb ages, Hf and O isotopes constrain the crustal architecture of the ultrahigh pressure Dabie orogen in China.Chemical Geology, Vol. 253, 3-4, August 15, pp. 222-242.ChinaUHP
DS201112-0233
2011
Zhao, Z-F.Dai, L-Q., Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F.Zircon Hf-O isotope evidence for crust mantle interaction during continental deep subduction.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.713.ChinaDabie Orogen, geochronology
DS201112-0234
2011
Zhao, Z-F.Dai, L-Q., Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F., Li, Q., Yang, Y., Dai, M.Zircon Hf-O isotope evidence for crust mantle interaction during continental deep subduction.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 308, 1-2, pp. 229-244.MantleSubduction
DS201212-0138
2012
Zhao, Z-F.Dai, L-Q., Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F., Zhang, J.The nature of orogenic lithospheric mantle: geochemical constraints from Post collisional mafic-ultramafic rocks in the Dabie orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 334, pp. 99-121.ChinaUHP
DS201803-0488
2018
Zhao, Z-F.Yang, Y-H., Wu, F-Y., Yang, J-H., Mitchell, R.H., Zhao, Z-F., Xie, L-W., Huang, C., Ma, Q., Yang, M., Zhao, H.U-Pb age determination of schorlomite garnet by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Magnet Cove, Fanshan, Ozernaya, Alno, Prairie LakeJournal of Analytical At. Spectrometry, Vol. 33, pp. 231-239.United States, Arkansas, China, Hebei, Russia, Kola Peninsula, Europe, Sweden, Canada, Ontariogeochronology

Abstract: We report the first U-Pb geochronological investigation of schorlomite garnet from carbonatite and alkaline complexes and demonstrate its applicability for U-Pb age determination using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) due to its relatively high U and Th abundances and negligible common Pb content. The comparative matrix effects of laser ablation of zircon and schorlomite are investigated and demonstrate the necessity of a suitable matrix-matched reference material for schorlomite geochronology. Laser-induced elemental fractional and instrumental mass discrimination were externally-corrected using an in house schorlomite reference material (WS20) for U-Pb geochronology. In order to validate the effectiveness and robustness of our analytical protocol, we demonstrate the veracity of U-Pb age determination for five schorlomite samples from: the Magnet Cove complex, Arkansas (USA); the Fanshan ultrapotassic complex, Hebei (China); the Ozernaya alkaline ultramafic complex, Kola Peninsula (Russia); the Alnö alkaline-rock carbonatite complex (Sweden); and the Prairie Lake carbonatite complex, Ontario (Canada). The schorlomite U-Pb ages range from 96 Ma to 1160 Ma, and are almost identical to ages determined from other accessory minerals in these complexes and support the reliability of our analytical protocol. Schorlomite garnet U-Pb geochronology is considered to be a promising new technique for understanding the genesis of carbonatites, alkaline rocks, and related rare-metal deposits.
DS201912-2835
2019
Zhao, Z-F.Yang, Y-H., Wu, F-Y., Qiu-Li, L., Rojas-Agramonte, Y., Yang, J-H., Yang, L., Ma, Q., Xie, L-W., Huang, C., Fan, H-R., Zhao, Z-F., Xu, C.In situ U-Th-Pb dating and Sr-Nd isotope analysis of bastnasite by LA-(MC)-ICP-MS.Geostandards and Geoanalltical Research, Vol. 43, 3, pp. 543-565.China, Europe, Sweden, Asia, Mongolia, United States, Africa, Malawi, MadagascarREE

Abstract: Bastnäsite is the end member of a large group of carbonate-fluoride minerals with the common formula (REE) CO3F•CaCO3. This group is generally widespread and, despite never occurring in large quantities, represents the major economic light rare earth element (LREE) mineral in deposits related to carbonatite and alkaline intrusions. Since bastnäsite is easily altered and commonly contains inclusions of earlier?crystallised minerals, in situ analysis is considered the most suitable method to measure its U?Th?Pb and Sr?Nd isotopic compositions. Electron probe microanalysis and laser ablation (multi?collector) inductively coupled plasma?mass spectrometry of forty?six bastnäsite samples from LREE deposits in China, Pakistan, Sweden, Mongolia, USA, Malawi and Madagascar indicate that this mineral typically has high Th and LREE and moderate U and Sr contents. Analysis of an in?house bastnäsite reference material (K?9) demonstrated that precise and accurate U?Th?Pb ages could be obtained after common Pb correction. Moreover, the Th?Pb age with its high precision is preferable to the U?Pb age because most bastnäsites have relatively high Th rather than U contents. These results will have significant implications for understanding the genesis of endogenous ore deposits and formation processes related to metallogenic geochronology research.
DS200612-1507
2006
Zhao, Z-H.Wang, Q., Wyman, D.A., Xu, J-F., Zhao, Z-H., Jian, P., Xiong, X-L., Bao, Z-W., Li, C-F., Bai, Z-H.Petrogenesis of Cretaceous adakitic and shoshonitic igneous rocks in the Luzong area, Anhui Province: implications for geodynamics and Cu-Au mineralization.Lithos, In pressChinaShoshonites - not specific to diamond
DS1983-0649
1983
Zhao dashengZhao dasheng, XIAO ZHENGYUE, Wang yitem.Petrologic characteristics and genesis of Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the Tacheng Luijang fault belt and neighbouringregions.*CHIActa Geol. Sinica, *CHI, Vol. 57, No. 2, pp. 128-141ChinaBlank
DS1990-0398
1990
Zhao DonggaoDeng Chujun, Huang Yunhui, Zhao DonggaoMineral inclusions in the Chinese diamondsInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 487-488ChinaDiamond morphology, Inclusions
DS1990-1626
1990
Zhao DonggaoZhao Donggao, Huang Yunhui, Guo YueminSerpentine -group minerals in Shandong kimberlitesInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 2, extended abstract p. 829-831ChinaSerpentinites, Shandong -kimberlites
DS1990-1627
1990
Zhao HailingZhao Hailing, Deng JinfuClinopyroxenes in basalt and its peridotite and pyroxenite xenolithsInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 135ChinaXenoliths, Clinopyroxenes
DS1991-0370
1991
Zhao HailingDeng Jinfu, Zhao HailingThe thermal structure of the upper mantle in eastern Chin a - inferred From the petrological modelActa Geol. Sinica, Vol. 4, No. 2, June pp. 195-202ChinaMantle, Thermometry
DS1992-0354
1992
Zhao HailingDeng Jinfu, Zhao Hailing, Lai Shaocong, Molan, E., Lou Zaohua, Mo XuanxueThe mantle plume beneath the northern part of Chin a continentInternational Symposium Cenozoic Volcanic Rocks Deep seated xenoliths China and its, Abstracts pp. 15ChinaMantle, Plume
DS1990-0399
1990
Zhao HaitingDeng Jinfu, Zhou Yongzhang, Zhao Haiting, Luo ZhaohuaA rare mantle pyroxene xenocrystInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 488-489ChinaPyroxenite, Xenolith
DS1984-0796
1984
Zhao LeiZhao LeiThe Origin and Genesis of Garnets of Shandong Kimberlites.*chiJournal of Wuhan College of Geology, Earth Science, *CHI, No. 1, (24) pp. 55-62ChinaMineral Chemistry Probe Data
DS1990-1628
1990
Zhao LeiZhao Lei, Han ShaoxuA new variety-chromian kennedyite in kimberlite from Shandong Province, ChinaInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 2, extended abstract p. 717-718ChinaMineralogy, Kennedyite
DS1991-1017
1991
Zhao LeiLu Fengxiang, Zheng Jianping, Zhao Lei, Zhang HongfuPalaeozoic lithosphere mantle feature beneath Fuxian, LiaoningProvince, China: the information from No. 50 kimberlite pipeProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 248-250ChinaGeochronology, geochemistry, mineralogy, xenolith, Teiling, Fuxian
DS1990-1629
1990
Zhao YiuyingZhao YiuyingThe relationship between chromite and diamond in kimberlite in Lianoningprovince, in ChinaInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 2, extended abstract p. 831-832ChinaDiamond morphology, Chromite
DS1983-0420
1983
ZHAO ZIJIEMa daquan, ZHAO ZIJIE, Xu tao, LU DENGGRONG.On the Petrological Characteristics of Micaceous Kimberlite and Accompanied Meta-alkaline Ultrabasic Rocks at Maping, Quizhou Province.Bulletin. Institute GEOL. GEOL. (CHINESE ACAD. GEOL. SCI.), No. 7, PP. 65-75.China, QuizhouMineralogy, Petrology, Micaceous
DS1983-0421
1983
ZHAO ZIJIEMa daquan, ZHAO ZIJIE, Xu tao, LU DENGRONG.The petrological characteristics of micaceous kimberlite and accompanied meta alkaline ultrabasic rocks at Maping, Guizhou.*CHIBulletin. Yichang Institute Geol. and Min. Res.*CHI, Vol. 7, pp. 65-75ChinaPetrology, Kimberlite
DS2003-1556
2003
Zhaochong, Z.Zhaochong, Z., Jingwen, M., Robinson, P.T., Zhou, M.F., Guochao, Z., JianminThe Aoyougou mafic ultramafic complex in the North Qilian Mountains northwestInternational Geology Review, Vol. 45, 9, pp. 841-856.China, northwestMagmatism
DS200412-2221
2003
Zhaochong, Z.Zhaochong, Z., Jingwen, M., Robinson, P.T., Zhou, M.F., Guochao, Z., Jianmin, Y., Zhiliang, W., Zuoheng, Z.The Aoyougou mafic ultramafic complex in the North Qilian Mountains northwest China: a possible middle Proterozoic ophiolite aloInternational Geology Review, Vol. 45, 9, pp. 841-856.ChinaMagmatism
DS201708-1585
2017
Zhao-Chu, C.Zhang, S-H., Zhao, Y., Li, Q-L., Zhao-Chu, C., Zhen, Y.First identification of baddleleyite related/linked to contact metamorphism from carbonatites in the world's largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo in north Chin a craton.Lithos, Vol 284, pp. 654-665.Chinacarbonatite, Bayan Obo

Abstract: Baddeleyite has been recognized as a key mineral to determine the crystallization age of silica-undersaturated igneous rocks. Here we report a new occurrence of baddeleyite identified from REE-Nb-Th-rich carbonatite in the world's largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo, in the North China Craton (China). U-Th-Pb dating of three baddeleyite samples yields crystallization ages of 310–270 Ma with the best estimated crystallization age of ca. 280 Ma. These ages are significantly younger than the ca. 1300 Ma Bayan Obo carbonatites, but broadly coeval to nearby Permian granitoids intruding into the carbonatites. Hence, the Bayan Obo baddeleyite did not crystallize from the carbonatitic magma that led to the formation of the Bayan Obo carbonatites and related REE-Nb-Th deposit. Instead, it crystallized from hydrothermal fluids and/or a reaction involving zircon and dolomite during contact metamorphism related to the Permian granitoid emplacement. This is in agreement with the results of electron microprobe analysis that show humite inclusions in baddeleyite, since humite is a typical magnesian skarn mineral and occurs in close proximity to the intrusive contacts between carbonatites and granitoids. Our results show that baddeleyite can be used for dating hydrothermal and contact metamorphic processes.
DS2001-0192
2001
ZharikovChudinovskikh, L.T., Zharikov, Ishbulatov, MatveevMechanisms of high pressureotassium content in corporation into high pressure clinopyroxeneDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 381, No. 8, Oct/Nov. pp. 956-9.GlobalMineralogy
DS2001-0692
2001
ZharikovLitvin, Yu.A., Jones, A.P., Beard, Divaev, ZharikovCrystallization of diamond and syngenetic minerals in melts of Diamondiferous carbonatites of Chagatai MassifDoklady, Vol.381A, No.9, Nov-Dec. pp. 1066-9.Russia, UzbekistanCarbonatite - diamond bearing, Deposit - Chagatai Massif
DS200512-0250
2005
Zharikov, E.V.Dudnikova, V.B., Gaister, A.V., Zharikov, E.V., Senin, V.G., Urusov, V.S.Chromium distribution between forsterite and its melt: dependence on chromium content in melt and redox conditions.Geochemistry International, Vol. 43, 5, pp. 471-477.MantleMelting
DS200612-1454
2006
Zharikov, E.V.Urusov, V.S., Dudnikova, V.B., Zharikov, E.V.Crystal chemical and energy analysis of partition coefficients of impurities during melt crystallization: the case of olivine.Geochemistry International, Vol. 44, 1, pp. 19-32.MantleMantle melting
DS1993-1818
1993
Zharikov, V.Zharikov, V., Gorbachev, N., Lightfoot, P., Khodorevsky, L.Temperature and pressure dependence of partitioning of the rare earth elements (REE) and Ybetween fluid and lamproitic melt.Terra Abstracts, IAGOD International Symposium on mineralization related to mafic, Vol. 5, No. 3, abstract supplement p. 57.GlobalExperimental petrology, Lamproite
DS2002-0953
2002
Zharikov, V.Litvin, Y.A., Butvina, V.G., Bobrov, A.V., Zharikov, V.The first synthesis of diamond in sulphide carbon systems: the role of sulphides in diamond genesis.Doklady, Vol.382, 1, Jan-Feb.pp. 40-3.GlobalDiamond - petrology
DS1984-0797
1984
Zharikov, V.A.Zharikov, V.A., Ishbulatov, R.A., Chudinovskikh, L.T.Eclogite Barrier and Clinopyroxenes of High PressuresGeology And Geophysics, No. 12, DECEMBER PP.RussiaMineralogy
DS1985-0771
1985
Zharikov, V.A.Zyrianov, V.N., Zharikov, V.A.Experimental Investigations of the Lamproite FormationDoklady Academy of Sciences AKAD. NAUK SSSR., Vol. 283, No. 5, PP. 1260-1264.RussiaLamproite
DS1985-0772
1985
Zharikov, V.A.Zyrianov, V.N., Zharikov, V.A.Experimental Investigation of the Lamproite FormationDoklady Academy of Sciences AKAD. NAUK USSR, Vol. 283, No. 5, PP. 1260-1263.RussiaLamproite, Petrology
DS1987-0838
1987
Zharikov, V.A.Zyryanov, V.N., Zharikov, V.A.Experimental study of lamproite formationDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol.283, No. 1-6, pp. 116-119RussiaLamproite, Experimental Petrology
DS1991-0629
1991
Zharikov, V.A.Gupta, A.K., Gaur, V.K., Zharikov, V.A., Chudenovshikh, L.T.Proceedings of the second Ind-Soviet Workshop on Experimental mineralogy and petrology. Short book reviewGovernment of India, Department of Science and Technology, 164p. do not have -perhaps can obtainIndiaExperimental petrology, Conference held October 1989
DS1997-0598
1997
Zharikov, V.A.Khodorevsvskaya, L.I., Zharikov, V.A.Experimental simulation of amphibolite and ultrabasic rock interaction insubduction zones.Petrology, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 2-7.GlobalPetrology, Lherzolite
DS1997-0689
1997
Zharikov, V.A.Litvin, Y.A., Chudinovskikh, L.T., Zharikov, V.A.Experimental crystallization of diamond and graphite from alkali carbonate melts at 7-11 GPa.Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 355A, No. 6, July-Aug. pp. 908-11.GlobalPetrology - experimental
DS1998-0881
1998
Zharikov, V.A.Litvin, Yu. A., Chudinovskikh, L.T., Zharikov, V.A.The growth of diamond on seed crystals in the Na2Mg(CO3)2 K2Mg(CO3)2 C system at 8 - 10 GPA.Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 359A, No. 3, Mar-Apr. pp. 464-6.GlobalDiamond morphology
DS1999-0833
1999
Zharikov, V.A.Zharikov, V.A.Effects of alkali regimes on the parageneses of igneous rocksPetrology, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 324-38.RussiaAlkaline rocks
DS2000-0582
2000
Zharikov, V.A.Litvin, Y.A., Zharikov, V.A.Experimental modeling of diamond genesis: diamond crystallization in multicomponent carbonate silicate ..Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 373, No. 5, June-July, pp.867-70.GlobalPetrology - experimental, Melts
DS2002-0954
2002
Zharikov, V.A.Litvin, Y.A., Butvina, V.G., Bobrov, A.V., Zharikov, V.A.The first synthesis of diamond in sulphide carbon systems: the role of sulphides inDoklady Earth Sciences, Vol.382,1,pp.40-43.GlobalDiamond - morphology
DS200512-0647
2005
Zharikov, V.A.Litvin, Y.A., Shushkanova, A.V., Zharikov, V.A.Immiscibility of sulfide silicate melts in the mantle: role in the syngenesis of diamond and inclusions ( based on experiments at 7.0 GPa).Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 403, 5, pp. 719-722.TechnologyDiamond genesis
DS1990-0745
1990
Zharikov, V.A. editor.Ishbulatov, R.A., Kosyakov, A.V., Zharikov, V.A. editor.Experimental studies of problems with lamproite magma generation.(Russian)Akad. Nauk SSSR Institute Eksp. Mineral. Chernogolovka, Sun., in: Experiment, pp. 30-32RussiaLamproite, Genesis
DS1998-0882
1998
Zharkov, V.A.Litvin, Yu.A., Chudinovskikh, L.T., Zharkov, V.A.Crystallization of diamond in the Na2Mg(CO3)2 K2Mg(CO3)2 - C system at 8 -10 GPa.Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 359A, No. 3, Mar-Apr. pp. 433-5.GlobalDiamond morphology
DS1989-0739
1989
Zharkova, E.V.Kadik, A.A., Sobolev, N.V., Zharkova, E.V., Pokhilenko, N.P.Redox conditions of formation of diamond bearing peridotite xenoliths from Udachnaya kimberlite pipe,Yakutia.(Russian)Geochemistry International (Geokhimiya), (Russian), No. 8, August pp. 1120-1135RussiaGeochemistry, Xenoliths - peridotite
DS1993-0767
1993
Zharkova, E.V.Kadik, A.A., Zharkova, E.V., Efimova, E.S., Sobolev, N.V.Electrochemical determination of intrinsic oxygen fugacity of diamondcrystals. (Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 328, No. 3, January pp. 386-389Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), YakutiaDiamond morphology
DS1994-0860
1994
Zharkova, E.V.Kadik, A.A., Zharkova, E.V., Kislev, A.I.The redox condition of spinel and garnet lherzolites from the Baikal riftzone. (Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Nauk, (Russian), Vol. 337, No. 1, pp. 100-103.Russia, BaikalLherzolites
DS1995-0902
1995
Zharkova, E.V.Kadik, A.A., Zharkova, E.V., Lutkov, V.S., Tadjibae, G.T.Redox state of peridotite xenoliths from south and middle Tian Shan, experimental determination. (Russian)Geochemistry International (Geokhimiya), (Russian), No. 8, August pp. 1094-99. #ry508ChinaXenoliths
DS1995-2141
1995
Zharkova, E.V.Zharkova, E.V., et al.The redox state of the upper mantle xenoliths from south and middle TienShan: experimental data.Terra Nova, Abstract Vol., p. 296.ChinaMantle xenoliths
DS1996-1604
1996
Zharkova, E.V.Zharkova, E.V., Kadik, A.A., Sobolev, N.V.Olivine from diamonds -bearing peridotite xenoliths: redox conditions of their formation (Udachnaya pipe).International Geological Congress 30th Session Beijing, Abstracts, Vol. 2, p. 391.RussiaIGF -olivines, Deposit -Udachnaya
DS1997-0568
1997
Zharkova, E.V.Kadik, A.A., Zharkova, E.V., Efimova, E.S., Sobolev, N.Redox conditions of the formation of diamond crystals: electrochemicalinvestigations.Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 355A, No. 6, July-Aug. pp. 1370-74.GlobalDiamond morphology, Crystallography
DS1991-0817
1991
Zharkova, Y.Y.Kadik, A.A., Zharkova, Y.Y., Spetsius, Z.V.Redox conditions of the formation of diamond bearing kyanites of eclogites(kimberlite pipe Udachnaya, Yakutia).(Russian)Dan. SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 320, No. 2, pp. 440-444Russia, YakutiaEclogites, kyanites, Diamonds
DS1990-0793
1990
Zharkova, Ye.V.Kadik, A.A., Sobolev, N.V., Zharkova, Ye.V., Pokhilenko, N.P.Redox conditions of formation of diamond bearing peridotite xenoliths In the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, YakutiaGeochemistry Int, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 41-54RussiaRedox Udachnaya, Peridotite
DS1993-0768
1993
Zharkova, Ye.V.Kadik, A.A., Zharkova, Ye.V., Tolochko, V.V.Redox conditions during the generation of diamond-bearing kyanite eclogitein the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, Yakutia.Doklady Academy of Sciences USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 321, No. 8, August 1993, pp. 217-221.Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), YakutiaGenesis, Deposit -Udachnaya
DS1995-0903
1995
Zharkova, Ye.V.Kadik, A.A., Zharkova, Ye.V., et al.Electrochemical determinations of the oxygen fugacity of diamond crystalsDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 329A, No. 3, April, pp. 155-158.GlobalDiamond morphology
DS1996-0706
1996
Zharkova, Ye.V.Kadik, A.A., Zharkova, Ye.V., Lutkov, V.S., TadzhivayevDetermination of the redox state of central and south Tian Shun mantlexenoliths.Geochemistry International, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 33-38.Russia, Tajikistan, MantleXenoliths
DS201012-0893
2010
Zhatnuev, N.S.Zhatnuev, N.S.The dynamics of deep magmas.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 430, 2, pp. 176-180.MantleMagmatism
DS201212-0825
2012
Zhatnuev, N.S.Zhatnuev, N.S.Trans mantle fluid flow and plume genesis.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 444, 1, pp. 543-548.MantleHotspots
DS1994-0630
1994
Zhavoron, V.E.Glukhovskii, M.Z., Moralyov, V.M., Zhavoron, V.E.Prospecting of diamond bearing kimberlites in Voronezh crystal massif using satellite images.(Russian)Soviet Journal of Remote, (Russian), Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 1015-1026. # QA799RussiaRemote sensing, Voronezh
DS1986-0896
1986
Zhdankina, O.Y.Zhdankina, O.Y., Kulakova, I.I., Rudenko, A.P.Oxidation of kimberlite diamonds by the mixtures of carbon dioxide and water steam.(Russian)Mosk. Ukr. Khem., (Russian), Vol. 26, No. 5, pp. 497-501RussiaDiamond morphology
DS1989-0837
1989
Zhdankina, O.Yu.Kulakova, I.I., Zhdankina, O.Yu., Rudenko, A.P.Experimental studies of the rate of diamond oxidation by water vapor and changes in crystal habits.(Russian)Mineral. Zhurn., (Russian), Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 52-61RussiaNative diamond, Morphology
DS201412-1030
2014
Zhdanov, M.S.Zhu, Y., Cuma, M., Kinakin, Y., Zhdanov, M.S.Joint inversion airborne gravity gradiometry and magnetic dat a from the Lac de Gras region of the Northwest Territories of Canada.SEG Annual Meeting Denver, pp. 1709-1713.Canada, Northwest TerritoriesGeophysics - Lac de Gras
DS201501-0035
2014
Zhdanov, M.S.Zhu, Y., Cuma, M., Kinakin, Y., Zhdanov, M.S.Joint inversion of airborne gravity gradiometry and magnetic dat a from the Lac de Gras region of the Northwest Territories.SEG Annual Meeting Denver, 5p. Extended abstractCanada, Northwest TerritoriesDeposit - Lac de Gras region
DS1985-0764
1985
Zhdanov, V.V.Zhdanov, V.V.Model of Metasomatic Differentiation of Upper Mantle RocksZap. Vses. Mineral. Obshch., Vol. 114, No. 1, PP. 3-13.RussiaHarzburgite, Kimberlite, Metasomatism
DS2001-0625
2001
Zhdanova, L.Korhonen, J.V., Zhdanova, L., Chepik, A., Zuikova, J., Sazonov, K., Saavuori, H.Magnetic anomaly map of central FIn land - KareliaGeological Society of Finland [email protected], 1: 1 million scale approx. 15.00FinlandBlank
DS200412-1041
2001
Zhdanova, L.Korhonen, J.V., Zhdanova, L., Chepik, A., Zuikova, J., Sazonov, K., Saavuori, H.Magnetic anomaly map of central FIn land - Karelia.Geological Society of Finland publication_sales @gtk.fi, 1: 1 million scale approx. 15.00Europe, FinlandMap - geophysics, magnetics
DS1996-1605
1996
Zheligovskiy, V.A.Zheligovskiy, V.A., Podvigina, O.M., Sadovskiy, A.M.Some properties of crustal structure in California as indicated by topography and bouguer anomalies...Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 336, pp. 15-20.CaliforniaGeophysics -seismics, Tectonics -faulting
DS202011-2070
2020
Zhelonkin, R.Y.Zemnukhov, A.L., Reutsky, V.N., Zedgenizov, D.A., Ragozin, A.L., Zhelonkin, R.Y., Kalinina, V.V.Subduction related population of diamonds in Yakutian placers, northeastern Siberian platform.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 175, 98 10.1007/s00410-020-01741-w 11p. PdfRussia, Yakutiadiamond crystallography

Abstract: The 35 paired diamond intergrowths of rounded colorless transparent and gray opaque crystals from the placers of northeastern Siberian Platform were investigated. Mineral inclusions (KFsp, Coe, E-Grt, Po) detected in studied samples belong to eclogitic paragenesis. The majority of studied samples have uniform ranges of nitrogen content (1126-1982 at. ppm) and carbon isotope composition (??16.8 to ??23.2 ‰). These characteristics pointing towards subducted material are possible sources for their genesis. Two samples consist of a gray opaque crystal with the subduction-related characteristics (?13C ca. ??21‰ and N ca. 1300 at. ppm) and a transparent crystal with low nitrogen content (412 and 29 at. ppm) and a heavy carbon isotopic composition (?13C ??4.2 and ??4.6‰) common for primary mantle range. The higher degree of nitrogen aggregation in the crystals with mantle-like characteristics testifies their longer storage in the mantle conditions. These samples reflect multistage diamond growth history and directly indicate the mixing of mantle and subduction carbon sources at the basement of subcontinental lithospheric mantle of northeastern Siberian Platform.
DS201810-2310
2017
Zheludev, V.Eppelbaum, L.V., Katz, Y., Klokocnik, J., Kostelecky, J., Zheludev, V., Ben-Avraham, Z.Tectonic insights into the Arabian African region inferred from a comprehensive examination of satellite gravity big data.Global and Planetary Change, doi.org/j.gloplacha.2017.10.011 24p.Africageodynamics

Abstract: Modern satellite gravimetry is now considered one of the most powerful and effective instrument for regional tectono-geodynamic zonation. Satellite gravity observations clearly fit the definition of 'big data' because of their volume and variety. The Arabian - NE African region discussed in this article has intricate geodynamic features including active rift zones, high seismic activity and collision processes, a rich structural pattern made up of the mosaic block system of continental and oceanic crusts of different ages, as well as several of the greatest gravity anomalies and complex magnetic anomaly mosaics. This region also has the world's main hydrocarbon resources and a vast number of other economic deposits. A comprehensive analysis of these satellite derived gravity data were used to construct a series of new maps that localize the key properties of the lithosphere of the region. A careful examination of numerous geological sources and their combined inspection with satellite derived gravity and other geophysical data resulted in this new integrated tectonic map of the Arabian-African region. An analysis of the series of gravity map transformations and certain geological indicators document the significant geodynamic features of the region.
DS201708-1585
2017
Zhen, Y.Zhang, S-H., Zhao, Y., Li, Q-L., Zhao-Chu, C., Zhen, Y.First identification of baddleleyite related/linked to contact metamorphism from carbonatites in the world's largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo in north Chin a craton.Lithos, Vol 284, pp. 654-665.Chinacarbonatite, Bayan Obo

Abstract: Baddeleyite has been recognized as a key mineral to determine the crystallization age of silica-undersaturated igneous rocks. Here we report a new occurrence of baddeleyite identified from REE-Nb-Th-rich carbonatite in the world's largest REE deposit, Bayan Obo, in the North China Craton (China). U-Th-Pb dating of three baddeleyite samples yields crystallization ages of 310–270 Ma with the best estimated crystallization age of ca. 280 Ma. These ages are significantly younger than the ca. 1300 Ma Bayan Obo carbonatites, but broadly coeval to nearby Permian granitoids intruding into the carbonatites. Hence, the Bayan Obo baddeleyite did not crystallize from the carbonatitic magma that led to the formation of the Bayan Obo carbonatites and related REE-Nb-Th deposit. Instead, it crystallized from hydrothermal fluids and/or a reaction involving zircon and dolomite during contact metamorphism related to the Permian granitoid emplacement. This is in agreement with the results of electron microprobe analysis that show humite inclusions in baddeleyite, since humite is a typical magnesian skarn mineral and occurs in close proximity to the intrusive contacts between carbonatites and granitoids. Our results show that baddeleyite can be used for dating hydrothermal and contact metamorphic processes.
DS2001-1074
2001
ZhendongShutian, S., Zengqui, Z., Zhendong, ZemingPost collisional ductile extensional tectonic framework in the ultra high pressure (UHP) and HP metamorphic belts in Dabie Sulu areaActa Geol. Sinica, Vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 151-60.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), Tectonics
DS202009-1676
2020
Zheng, H.Zheng, H., Chen, H., Wu, C., Jiang, H., Gao, C., Kang, Q., Yang, C., Wang, D., Lai, C-K.Genesis of the supergiant Huayangchuan carbonatite-hosted uranium polymetallic deposit in the Qinling orogen, central China.Gondwana Research, Vol. 86, pp. 250-265.ChinaREE

Abstract: The newly-discovered supergiant Huayangchuan uranium (U)-polymetallic deposit is situated in the Qinling Orogen, Central China. The deposit contains economic endowments of U, Nb, Pb, Se, Sr, Ba and REEs, some of which (e.g., U, Se, and Sr) reaching super-large scale. Pyrochlore, allanite, monazite, barite-celestite and galena are the major ore minerals at Huayangchuan. Uranium is mainly hosted in the primary mineral of pyrochlore, and the mineralization is mainly hosted in or associated with carbonatite dikes. According to the mineral assemblages and crosscutting relationships, the alteration/mineralization at Huayangchuan comprises four stages, i.e., pegmatite REE mineralization (I), main mineralization (II), skarn mineralization (III) and post-ore alteration (IV). Coarse-grained euhedral allanite is the main Stage I REE mineral, and the pegmatite-hosted REE mineralization (ca. 1.8 Ga) occurs mostly in the shallow-level of northwestern Huayangchuan, corresponding to the Paleoproterozoic Xiong'er Group volcanic rocks (1.80-1.75 Ga) in the southern margin of North China Block. Carbonatite-hosted Stage II mineralization contributes to the majority of U-Nb-REE-Ba-Sr resources, and is controlled by the Huayangchuan Fault. Stage II mineralization can be further divided into the sulfate mineralization (barite-celestite) (II-A), alkali-rich U mineralization (aegirine-augite + pyrochlore + uraninite + uranothorite) (II-B) and REE (allanite + monazite + chevkinite)-U (pyrochlore + uraninite) mineralization (II-C) substages. Stage II mineralization may have occurred during the Late Triassic Mianlue Ocean closure. Skarn mineralization contributed to the majority of Pb and minor U-REE (uraninite-allanite) resources at Huayangchuan, and is spatially associated with the Late Cretaceous-Early Jurassic (Yanshanian) Huashan and Laoniushan granites. We suggested that hydrothermal fluids derived from the Laoniushan and Huashan granites may have reacted with the Triassic carbonatites, and formed the Huayangchuan Pb skarn mineralization. The mantle-derived Triassic carbonatites may have been fertilized by the U-rich subducting oceanic sediments, and were further enriched through reacting with the Proterozoic U-REE-rich pegmatite wallrocks at Huayangchuan. Ore-forming elements were likely transported in metal complexes (F?, and ), and deposited with the dilution of the complex concentration. This may have formed the distinct vertical mineralization zoning, i.e., sodic fenite-related alkali-U mineralization at depths and potassic fenite-related REE-U mineralization at shallow level.
DS202012-2258
2020
Zheng, H.Zheng, H., Chen, H., Wu, C., Jiang, H., Gao, C., Kang, Q., Yang, C., Wang, D., Lai, C-k.Genesis of the supergiant Huayanchuan carbonatite-hosted uranium-plymetallic deposit in the Qinling Orogen, central China.Gondwana Research, Vol. 86, pp. 250-265. pdfChinadeposit - Huayangchuan

Abstract: The newly-discovered supergiant Huayangchuan uranium (U)-polymetallic deposit is situated in the Qinling Orogen, Central China. The deposit contains economic endowments of U, Nb, Pb, Se, Sr, Ba and REEs, some of which (e.g., U, Se, and Sr) reaching super-large scale. Pyrochlore, allanite, monazite, barite-celestite and galena are the major ore minerals at Huayangchuan. Uranium is mainly hosted in the primary mineral of pyrochlore, and the mineralization is mainly hosted in or associated with carbonatite dikes. According to the mineral assemblages and crosscutting relationships, the alteration/mineralization at Huayangchuan comprises four stages, i.e., pegmatite REE mineralization (I), main mineralization (II), skarn mineralization (III) and post-ore alteration (IV). Coarse-grained euhedral allanite is the main Stage I REE mineral, and the pegmatite-hosted REE mineralization (ca. 1.8 Ga) occurs mostly in the shallow-level of northwestern Huayangchuan, corresponding to the Paleoproterozoic Xiong'er Group volcanic rocks (1.80-1.75 Ga) in the southern margin of North China Block. Carbonatite-hosted Stage II mineralization contributes to the majority of U-Nb-REE-Ba-Sr resources, and is controlled by the Huayangchuan Fault. Stage II mineralization can be further divided into the sulfate mineralization (barite-celestite) (II-A), alkali-rich U mineralization (aegirine-augite + pyrochlore + uraninite + uranothorite) (II-B) and REE (allanite + monazite + chevkinite)-U (pyrochlore + uraninite) mineralization (II-C) substages. Stage II mineralization may have occurred during the Late Triassic Mianlue Ocean closure. Skarn mineralization contributed to the majority of Pb and minor U-REE (uraninite-allanite) resources at Huayangchuan, and is spatially associated with the Late Cretaceous-Early Jurassic (Yanshanian) Huashan and Laoniushan granites. We suggested that hydrothermal fluids derived from the Laoniushan and Huashan granites may have reacted with the Triassic carbonatites, and formed the Huayangchuan Pb skarn mineralization. The mantle-derived Triassic carbonatites may have been fertilized by the U-rich subducting oceanic sediments, and were further enriched through reacting with the Proterozoic U-REE-rich pegmatite wallrocks at Huayangchuan. Ore-forming elements were likely transported in metal complexes (F?, and ), and deposited with the dilution of the complex concentration. This may have formed the distinct vertical mineralization zoning, i.e., sodic fenite-related alkali-U mineralization at depths and potassic fenite-related REE-U mineralization at shallow level.
DS1998-1634
1998
Zheng, J.Zheng, J.Phanerozoic evolution of the subcontinental lithsopheric mantle, eastern North Chin a Block:7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1004-6.China, Shandong, LiaoningMantle xenoliths, Petrography, mineral chemistry
DS1998-1635
1998
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M.Nature and evolution of Cenozoic lithospheric mantle beneath ShandongPeninsula, Sino Korean Craton, China.International Geology Review, Vol. 40, No. 6, June pp. 471-499.China, eastMantle lithosphere, Tectonics
DS2001-1311
2001
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., et al.Relict refractory mantle beneath the eastern North Chin a block: significance for lithosphere evolution.Lithos, Vol. 57, No. 1, May pp. 43-66.ChinaGeophysics - seismics, ultra high pressure (UHP)
DS2001-1312
2001
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Lu, F., O'Reilly, S.Y., Luo, Z.Trace element of Tuyon clinopyroxenes: implications for the deep processes of lithospheric mantle Tianshan.Chinese Science Bulletin., Vol. 46, No. 14, pp. 1206-10.ChinaXenoliths
DS2003-0850
2003
Zheng, J.Luo, J.C., Zheng, J., Leung, Y., Zhou, C.H.A knowledge integrated stepwise optimization model for feature mining in remotelyInternational Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 24, 23, pp. 4661-80.GlobalGIS
DS2003-1557
2003
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Sun, M., Lu,. F., Pearson, N.Mesozoic lower crustal xenoliths and their significance in lithospheric evolution beneathTectonophysics, Vol. 361, No. 1-2, pp. 37-60.ChinaXenoliths
DS200412-1184
2003
Zheng, J.Luo, J.C., Zheng, J., Leung, Y., Zhou, C.H.A knowledge integrated stepwise optimization model for feature mining in remotely sensed images.International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 24, no. 23, Dec.pp. 4661-80.TechnologyGIS
DS200412-2222
2004
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Lu, F., Wang, C., Zhang, M., Li, M.3.6 Ga lower crust in central Chin a: new evidence on the assembly of the North Chin a craton.Geology, Vol. 32, 3, Mar. pp. 229-232.ChinaGeochronology, early Archean
DS200412-2223
2004
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Lu, F., Yu, C., Zhang, M., Li, H.U Pb and Hf isotope analysis of zircons in mafic xenoliths from Fuxian kimberlites: evolution of the lower crust beneath the NorContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 148, 1, pp. 79-103.ChinaGeochronology - Fuxian
DS200412-2224
2004
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Zhang, M., Lu, F., Liu, G.Nature and evolution of Mesozoic Cenozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the Cathaysia block, southeast China.Lithos, Vol. 74, 1-2, pp. 41-65.ChinaTectonics, Anyuan lamprophyres
DS200512-1259
2005
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O Reilly, S.Y., Liou, J.G., Zhang, R.Y., Lu, F.Late Mesozoic Eocene mantle replacement beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: evidence from the Paleozoic and Cenozoic peridotite xenoliths.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 5, May, pp. 457-472.ChinaXenoliths
DS200512-1260
2005
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Sun, M., Zhou, M.F., Robinson, P.Trace elemental and PGE geochemical constraints of Mesozoic and Cenozoic peridotitic xenoliths on lithospheric evolution of the North Chin a Craton.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 69, 13, pp. 3401-3418.Asia, ChinaXenoliths
DS200512-1261
2004
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Yu, C., Lu, F.Zircon geochronology and geochemistry of mafic xenoliths from Liaoning kimberlites: back the early evolution of the lower crust, north Chin a Craton.Science China Earth Sciences, Vol.47, 11, pp. 961-972. Ingenta 1045518755ChinaGeochronology - Liaoning
DS200612-1603
2006
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yang, J., Li, T., Zhang, M., Zhang, R., Liou, J.G.Mineral chemistry of peridotites from Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic lithosphere: constraints on mantle evolution beneath eastern China.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 47, 11, pp. 2233-2256.ChinaPeridotite
DS200612-1604
2006
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yang, J.S., Zhang, R.Y.A refractory mantle protolith in younger continental crust, east central China: age and composition of zircon in Sulu ultrahigh pressure peridotite.Geology, Vol. 34, 9, Sept. pp. 705-708.ChinaUHP, geochronology
DS200612-1605
2006
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M., Pearson, N.Zircons in mantle xenoliths record the Triassic Yangtze North Chin a continental collision.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, in press availableChinaGeochronology, peridotite, North China Craton
DS200612-1606
2006
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M., Pearson, N., Luo, Z.The lithospheric mantle beneath the southeastern Tian Shan area, northwest China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 141, 4, April pp. 457-479.Asia, ChinaPetrology
DS200612-1607
2006
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, M., Pearson, N., Pan, Y.Wide spread Archean basement beneath the Yangtze Craton.Geology, Vol. 34, 6, June pp. 417-420.Asia, ChinaGeochronology
DS200812-1283
2008
Zheng, J.Xu, X., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Pearson, N.J., Geng, H., Zheng, J.Re-Os isotopes of sulfides in mantle xenoliths from eastern China: progressive modifications of lithospheric mantle.Lithos, Vol. 102, 3-4, pp.43-64.ChinaGeochronology
DS200912-0446
2009
Zheng, J.Liu, Q., Yang, T., Zeng, Q., Zheng, J., Luo, Y., Qui, N., Xu, H., Jin, Z.Magnetic study of the UHP eclogites from the Chinese Continental Scientific drilling project.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, B02106.ChinaUHP
DS200912-0859
2009
Zheng, J.Zheng, J., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Liu, G.L., Pearson, N., Zhang, W., Yu, C.M., Su, Tang, ZhaoNeoarchean ( 2.7-2.8 Ga) accretion beneath the North Chin a Craton: U Pn age.trace elemens and hf isotopes of zircons in Diamondiferous kimberlites.Lithos, Vol. 112, 3-4, pp. 188-202.ChinaGeochronology
DS201012-0454
2010
Zheng, J.Liu, Q., Zeng, Q., Zheng, J., Yang, T., Qui, N., Liu, Z., Lou, Y., Jin, Z.Magnetic properties of serpentinized garnet peridotites from the CCSD main hole in the Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt, eastern China.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, B6, B06104ChinaUHP
DS201810-2349
2018
Zheng, J.Lu, J., Griffin, W.L., Tilhac, R., Xiong, Q., Zheng, J., O'Reilly, S.Y.Tracking deep lithospheric events with garnet-websterite xenoliths from southeastern Australia.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 59, 5, pp. 901-903.Australiabasanite

Abstract: Pyroxenites provide important information on mantle heterogeneity and can be used to trace mantle evolution. New major and trace element and Sr-, Nd-, and Hf-isotope analyses of minerals and whole-rock samples of garnet websterites entrained in basanite tuffs in Bullenmerri and Gnotuk maars, southeastern Australia, are here combined with detailed petrographic observations to constrain the sources and genesis of the pyroxenites, and to trace the dynamic evolution of the lithospheric mantle. Most garnet websterites have high MgO and Cr2O3 contents, relatively flat light rare earth element (LREE) patterns ([La/Nd]CN?=?0•77-2•22) and ocean island basalt-like Sr-, Nd-, and Hf-isotope compositions [87Sr/86Sr?=?0•70412-0•70657; ?Nd(t)?=?-0•32 to +4•46; ?Hf(t)=+1•69 to +18•6] in clinopyroxenes. Some samples show subduction-related signatures with strong enrichments in large ion lithophile elements and LREE, and negative anomalies in high field strength elements, as well as high 87Sr/86Sr (up to 0•709), and decoupled Hf- and Nd-isotope compositions [?Nd(t)?=?-3•28; ?Hf(t) =?+11•6). These data suggest that the garnet pyroxenites represent early crystallization products of mafic melts derived from a convective mantle wedge. Hf model ages and Sm-Nd mineral isochrons suggest that these pyroxenites record at least two stages of evolution. The initial formation stage corresponds to the Paleozoic subduction of the proto-Pacific plate beneath southeastern Australia, which generated hydrous tholeiitic melts that crystallized clinopyroxene-dominated pyroxenites at ?1420-1450°C and ?75?km depth in the mantle wedge. The second stage corresponds to Eocene (c. 40?Ma) back-arc lithospheric extension, which led to uplift of the former mantle-wedge domain to 40-60?km depths, and subsequent cooling to the ambient geotherm (?950-1100°C). Extensive exsolution and recrystallization of garnet and orthopyroxene (±?ilmenite) from clinopyroxene megacrysts accompanied this stage. The timing of these mantle events coincides with vertical tectonism in the overlying crust.
DS202004-0546
2020
Zheng, J.Xiang, L., Zheng, J., Zhai, M., Siebel, W.Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic constraints on the origin and petrogenesis of Paleozoic lamproites in the southern Yangtze Block, south China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 175, 18p. PdfChinalamproites

Abstract: Lamproites and kimberlites are natural probes of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle providing insights into the Earth’s continental lithosphere. Whole-rock major-, trace-element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of the Paleozoic (~?253 Ma) lamproite dikes from the Baifen zone of the Zhenyuan area in southeastern Guizhou Province (in the southern Yangtze Block, South China) are presented. The Baifen lamproites are characterized by high MgO (7.84-14.1 wt%), K2O (3.94-5.07 wt%) and TiO2 (2.69-3.23 wt%) contents, low SiO2 (41.3-45.7 wt%), Na2O (0.21-0.28 wt%) and Al2O3 (6.10-7.20 wt%) contents. All lamproites have elevated Cr (452-599 ppm) and Ni (485-549 ppm) abundances, as well as high Ba (1884-3589 ppm), La (160-186 ppm), Sr (898-1152 ppm) and Zr (532-632 ppm) concentrations. They show uniform REE distribution patterns that are strongly enriched in light REEs relative to heavy REEs [(La/Yb)N?=?71.1-87.6], and exhibit OIB-like geochemical features with obvious enrichment of both LILEs and HFSEs in the primitive mantle-normalized multi-element distribution diagram. Moderately radiogenic Sr (87Sr/86Sri?=?0.706336-0.707439), unradiogenic Nd (143Nd/144Ndi?=?0.511687-0.511704 and ?Nd(t)?=????12.2 to???11.9), and low initial Pb (206Pb/204Pbi?=?16.80-16.90, 207Pb/204Pbi?=?15.34-15.35 and 208Pb/204Pbi?=?37.43-37.70) isotopic compositions are obtained from the rocks. They yield old model ages of TDM(Nd)?=?1.48-1.54 Ga. These signatures suggest that the Baifen lamproite magmas are alkaline, ultrapotassic and ultramafic in character and mainly represent mantle-derived primary melts, which have undergone insignificant crustal contamination and negligible fractional crystallization. The Baifen lamproites originated from a veined metasomatized lithospheric mantle source. We envisage that they were derived by partial melting of old, mineralogically complex metasomatic vein assemblages in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the southern Yangtze Block. The source region experienced ancient mantle metasomatism with complex modification by enriched fluids and melts. The metasomatic agents are most likely to originate from pre-existing slab subduction beneath the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block. Tectonically, the Baifen lamproites were emplaced at the southern margin of the Yangtze Block, and they formed in an intraplate extensional setting, showing an anorogenic affinity. In terms of time and space, the genesis of Baifen lamproites is presumably related to the Emeishan large igneous province. The Emeishan mantle plume is suggested as an effective mechanism for rapid extension and thinning of the lithosphere, followed by decompression melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. Combined with the thermal perturbation from asthenospheric upwelling induced by the Emeishan mantle plume, the lamproite magmas, representing small volume and limited partial melts of ancient enriched mantle lithosphere, arose. We propose that the generation of the Baifen lamproite dikes probably was a consequence of the far-field effects of the Emeishan mantle plume.
DS202105-0799
2020
Zheng, J.Wu, W., Yang, J., Zheng, J., Lian, D., Qiu, T.Origin of the diamonds within chromitite from the Mirdita ophiolite ( Albania) and its geological significance. Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 94, 1, pp. 64-65.Europe, Albaniadeposit - Mirdita

Abstract: Geophysical investigations and laboratory experiments show evidence for possible subduction of ancient oceanic crust. Geological and mineralogical observations suggest that subducted oceanic crust is recycled into the upper mantle. The subduction is supported by the recovery of super?deep diamonds from kimberlites and the presence of crustal materials in ophiolitic chromitites and their host peridotites. What is the mechanism? Here we report the new discovery of ophiolite?hosted diamonds in the podiform chromitites within the Skenderbeu massif from the Mirdita ophiolite in the western part of Neo?Tethys (Fig. 1). The diamonds are characterized by exceedingly light C isotopes (?13CPDB ? ?25‰), which can be interpreted as evidence for subduction of organic carbon from Earth's surface. The diamonds are also characterized by an exceptionally large range in ?15Nair (?12.9‰ to +25.5‰), accompanied by a low N aggregation state (Fig. 2). On the other hand, materials sparsely included in diamonds include amorphous material, Ni?Mn?Co alloy, nanocrystals (20 nm×20 nm) of calcium silicate with an orthorhombic perovskite structure (Ca?Pv), and fluids (Fig. 3). We consider that the Skenderbeu diamonds nucleated and grew from a C?saturated, NiMnCo?rich melt derived from a subducted slab of ocean crust and lithosphere in the deep mantle environment. The environment is in the diamond stability field or near the top of the mantle transition zone. The new discovery of diamonds from the Mirdita ophiolite provides a valuable opportunity to understand deep cycling of subducted oceanic crust and mantle (i.e., composition and process).
DS202205-0733
2022
Zheng, J.Xiang, L., Zheng, J., Zhai, M.Archean to Paleoproterozoic crustal evolution of the southern Yangtze block ( south China): U-Pb age and Hf-isotope of zircon xenocrysts from the Paleozoic diamondiferous kimberlites.Precambrian Research, Vol. 374, 106651, 17p.Chinadeposit - Maping

Abstract: Crustal zircon xenocrysts from mantle-derived magmatic rocks have the potential to probe the deep crust. Here we present integrated U-Pb dating and Hf-isotope analyses of zircons from a Paleozoic diamondiferous kimberlite dike in the Maping area of Zhenyuan County (southeastern Guizhou Province), with implications for the tectonothermal evolution of unexposed continental crust beneath the southern Yangtze Block, South China. All zircons (n = 236) show a wide range of U-Pb ages between Mesoarchean and middle Carboniferous. Among them, 96 zircons with 90-110% concordance yield concordant ages from 2942 ± 8 Ma to 342 ± 2 Ma, and form major age peaks at ?2.9 Ga, ?2.6 Ga and ?2.0 Ga. The overwhelming majority of zircons are dominated by Mesoarchean-Paleoproterozoic U-Pb ages regardless of their concordance degrees. The zircon populations mainly consist of magmatic zircons, with minor metamorphic grains (Th/U < 0.10). The youngest magmatic zircon (Th/U = 0.43) with a well concordant 206Pb/238U age of 342 ± 2 Ma (M1-16) is interpreted as the maximum emplacement age of the Maping diamondiferous kimberlites. Most zircons with pre-eruption ages are considered to be xenocrysts, and they may be derived from the deep-seated continental crust through which kimberlite host magmas have passed. Their U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions suggest the possible existence of a highly evolved Archean basement beneath the southern Yangtze Block, South China, which is much older than its known surface rocks. A lot of magmatic zircon xenocrysts reveal complex Precambrian crustal evolution in the southern Yangtze Block. These processes involved the important growth of continental crust at 2.6-2.5 Ga, and in the meantime, crustal reworking could be intermittently proceeding at 3.0-2.6 Ga. In addition, a group of xenocrystic zircons are identified to be of metamorphic origin, indicating that the proposed Archean basement beneath the southern Yangtze Block likely experienced a metamorphic event around 2.0 Ga. This geologically significant episode is consistent with the well-developed coeval metamorphism in other places of the Yangtze Block (e.g., Kongling Terrane), which has been considered to link to the assembly of the Paleoproterozoic Nuna/Columbia supercontinent. Our zircon data implies that the unexposed Archean basement beneath the southern Yangtze Block was affected by multiple thermal activities.
DS1994-1989
1994
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Lu, Fx et al.Study of fluid inclusions in diamonds. *CHIChin. Sci. Bulletin., *CHI, Vol. 39, No. 8, April pp. 670-675.ChinaDiamond inclusions
DS2001-0703
2001
Zheng, J.P.Lu, F.X., Chen, M.H., Di, J.R., Zheng, J.P.Nitrogen distribution in diamonds from the kimberlite pipe no. 50 at Fuxian eastern China: CL and FTIR studyPhysics and Chemistry of the Earth Pt. B. Solid Earth, Vol. 26, No. 9-10, pp. 773-80.China, easternDiamond - inclusions, Deposit - Fuxian No. 50
DS2001-0704
2001
Zheng, J.P.Lu, F.X., Chen, M.H., Di, J.R., Zheng, J.P.Nitrogen distribution in diamonds from the kimberlite pipe No. 50 at Fuxian: a CL FTIR study.Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Vol. 26, pt. A. No. 9-10, pp. 773-80.China, easternGeochemistry, Deposit - No. 50
DS2003-1545
2003
Zheng, J.P.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X.H., Zjou, M.F., Fan, W.M., Zheng, J.P.Secular evolution of the lithosphere beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: evidenceGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, 22, pp. 4373-87.ChinaGeochronology, eclogites
DS200412-2203
2003
Zheng, J.P.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X.H., Zjou, M.F., Fan, W.M., Zheng, J.P.Secular evolution of the lithosphere beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: evidence from Mesozoic basalts and high Mg andesiteGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, 22, pp. 4373-87.ChinaGeochronology, eclogites
DS200412-2208
2004
Zheng, J.P.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, J.P.Ultrahigh pressure corundum rich garnerite in garnet peridotite, Sulu terrane, China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 147, 1, pp. 21-31.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1230
2007
Zheng, J.P.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, J.P., Yang, Y.H.Mineral REE ad Lu Hf isotope geochemistry of zircon in the mantle - derived eclogite from Donghai the Sulu UHP terrane: new constraints for the origin of eclogite.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 250.ChinaGeochronology
DS200712-1231
2007
Zheng, J.P.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, J.P., Yang, Y.H.Mineral REE ad Lu Hf isotope geochemistry of zircon in the mantle - derived eclogite from Donghai the Sulu UHP terrane: new constraints for the origin of eclogite.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 250.ChinaGeochronology
DS200712-1239
2007
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yu, C.M., Zhang, H.F., Pearson, N., Zhang, M.Mechanism and timing of lithospheric modification and replacement beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: peridotitic xenoliths from the 100 Ma Fuxin basaltsGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, In press, availableChinaXenoliths
DS200712-1240
2007
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Yu, C.M., Zhang, H.F., Pearson, N., Zhang, M.Mechanism and timing of lithospheric modification and replacement beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: peridotitic xenoliths from the 100 Ma Fuxin basalts...Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, 21, pp. 5303-5225.ChinaXenoliths - regional synthesis
DS200812-1321
2008
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Hu, Zhang, Tang, Su, Zhang, Pearson, Wamg, Lu.Continental collision and accretion recorded in the deep lithosphere of central China.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 269, 3-4 May 30, pp. 496-506.ChinaBasaltic diatremes, geochronology, craton, tectonics
DS200812-1322
2008
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Sun, M., Griffin, W.L., Zhou, M.F., Zhao, G.C., Robinson, P., Tang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.H.Age and geochemistry of contrasting peridotite types in the Dabie UHP belt, eastern China: petrogenetic and geodynamic implications.Chemical Geology, Vol. 247, pp. 282-304.ChinaUHP
DS200912-0744
2009
Zheng, J.P.Tang, H.Y., Zheng, J.P., Yu, C.M.Age and composition of the Rushan intrusive complex in the northern Sulu orogen, eastern China: petrogenesis and lithospheric mantle evolution.Geological Magazine, Vol. 146, 2, pp. 199-215.ChinaUHP
DS200912-0860
2009
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Sun, M., Zheng, S., Pearson, N., Gao, Yu, Su, Tang, Liu, WuAge and composition of granulite and pyroxenite xenoliths in Hannuoba basalts reflect Paleogene underplating beneath the North Chin a craton.Chemical Geology, Vol. 264, 1-4, pp. 266-280.ChinaXenoliths
DS200912-0861
2009
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhao, J.H., Wu, Liu, Pearson, Zhang, Ma, Zhang, Yu, Su, TangNeoarchean ( 2.7-2.8 Ga) accretion beneath the North Chin a Craton: U Pb age, trace elements and Hf isotopes of zircons in Diamondiferous kimberlites.Lithos, Vol. 117, pp. 188-202.ChinaGeochronology
DS201212-0826
2012
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., Ma, Q., O'Reilly, S.Y., Xiong, Q., Tang, H.Y., Zhao, J.H., Yu, C.M., Su, Y.P.Accretion and reworking beneath the North Chin a craton.Lithos, Vol. 149, pp. 61-78.ChinaAccretion
DS201501-0034
2015
Zheng, J.P.Zheng, J.P., Lee, C.T.A., Lu, J.G., Zhao, J.H., Wu, Y.B., Xia, B., Li, X.Y., Zhang, J.F., Liu, Y.S.Refertilization driven destabilization of subcontinental mantle and the importance of initial lithospheric thickness for the fate of continents. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 409, pp. 225-229.ChinaPeridotite
DS202007-1161
2020
Zheng, J.P.Lu, J., Tilhac, R., Griffin, W.L., Zheng, J.P., Xiong, Q., Oliveira, B., O'Reilly, S.Y.Lithospheric memory of subduction in mantle pyroxenite xenoliths from rift related basalts.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 544, 116365 14p. PdfAustraliacarbonatite

Abstract: Petrological and geochemical studies have revealed the contribution of garnet pyroxenites in basalt petrogenesis. However, whether primary mantle melts are produced with such signature or acquired it subsequently remains somewhat controversial. We here integrate new major-, trace-element and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic compositions of garnet pyroxenite xenoliths in Holocene alkali basalts from Lakes Bullenmerri and Gnotuk, Southeastern Australia, to relate their petrogenesis to mantle-wedge melt circulation and subsequent lithospheric evolution. Results show that the clinopyroxenites have lower MgO and Cr2O3 contents than the associated websterites, and range in compositions from depleted LREE patterns and highly radiogenic Nd and Hf isotopic signatures in relatively low-MgO samples (Type 1), to enriched REE patterns with negative HFSE anomalies, unradiogenic Nd and Hf isotopes, and extremely radiogenic Sr-isotopic ratios in samples with higher MgO (Type 2). Such compositional variabilities suggest that these pyroxenites represent segregates from melts derived from a recycled oceanic lithosphere with a potential contribution from pelagic sediments. Variable LREE contents and isotopic compositions between those of Type 1 and 2 clinopyroxenites are observed in amphibole-bearing samples (Type 3), which are interpreted as Type 1-like protoliths metasomatized by the basaltic and carbonatitic melts, possibly parental to Type 2 clinopyroxenites. The lithosphere beneath Southeastern Australia thus has received variable melt contributions from a heterogeneous mantle-wedge source, which notably includes a subducted oceanic slab package that has retained its integrity during subduction. On this basis, we suggest that the compositional heterogeneity and temporal evolution of the subsequent Southeastern Australian basaltic magmatism were probably affected by the presence of pyroxenite fragments in the basalt source and formed by the tectonic reactivation of this lithosphere during Cenozoic rifting. This interpretation is notably consistent with a trend of Nd-Pb isotopes towards EMII in Older Volcanic Provinces (OVP basalts) and limited Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic variations towards HIMU in the Newer Volcanic Provinces (NVP basalts, including the host lavas), which also exhibit low SiO2, high FeO and high CaO/Al2O3 commonly interpreted as due to pyroxenite contributions. Therefore, the identification of a subduction signature in these rift-related lavas attests to a "lithospheric memory" of earlier subduction episodes (as documented by the xenoliths), rather than a reflection of contemporaneous subduction tectonics.
DS202009-1622
2020
Zheng, J.P.Dai, H-K., Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Xiong, Q., Ping, X., Chen, F-K., Lu, J.Pyroxenite xenoliths record complex melt impregnation in the deep lithosphere of the northwestern North China Craton.Journal of Petrology, 10.1093/petrology/egaa079 110p. PdfChinaxenoliths

Abstract: Transformation of refractory cratonic mantle into more fertile lithologies is the key to the fate of cratonic lithosphere. This process has been extensively studied in the eastern North China Craton (NCC) while that of its western part is still poorly constrained. A comprehensive study of newly-found pyroxenite xenoliths from the Langshan area, in the northwestern part of this craton is integrated with a regional synthesis of pyroxenite and peridotite xenoliths to constrain the petrogenesis of the pyroxenites and provide an overview of the processes involved in the modification of the deep lithosphere. The Langshan pyroxenites are of two types, high-Mg# [Mg2+/(Mg2++Fe2+)*100 = ? 90, atomic ratios] olivine-bearing websterites with high equilibration temperatures (880 ? 970 oC), and low-Mg# (70 ? 80) plagioclase-bearing websterites with low equilibration temperatures (550 ? 835 oC). The high-Mg# pyroxenites show trade-off abundances of olivine and orthopyroxene, highly depleted bulk Sr-Nd (?Nd?=?+11.41, 87Sr/86Sr = ?0.7034) and low clinopyroxene Sr isotopic ratios (mean 87Sr/86Sr = ?0.703). They are considered to reflect the reaction of mantle peridotites with silica-rich silicate melts derived from the convective mantle. Their depletion in fusible components (e.g., FeO, TiO2 and Na2O) and progressive exhaustion of incompatible elements suggest melt extraction after their formation. The low-Mg# pyroxenites display layered structures, convex-upward rare earth element patterns, moderately enriched bulk Sr-Nd isotopic ratios (?Nd = -14.20 ? -16.74, 87Sr/86Sr?=?0.7070 ? 0.7078) and variable clinopyroxene Sr-isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr?=?0.706-0.711). They are interpreted to be crustal cumulates from hypersthene-normative melts generated by interaction between the asthenosphere and heterogeneous lithospheric mantle. Combined with studies on regional peridotite xenoliths, it is shown that the thinning and refertilization of the lithospheric mantle was accompanied by crustal rejuvenation and that such processes occurred ubiquitously in the northwestern part of the NCC. A geodynamic model is proposed for the evolution of the deep lithosphere, which includes long-term mass transfer through a mantle wedge into the deep crust from the Paleozoic to the Cenozoic, triggered by subduction of the Paleo-Asian ocean and the Late Mesozoic lithospheric extension of eastern Asia.
DS200512-1247
2005
Zheng, J-P.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, J-P., Griffin, W.L., Yui, T-F, O'Reilly, S.Y.Petrogenesis of the Yangkou layered garnet peridotite complex, Sulu UHP terrane, China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 90, pp. 801-813.ChinaUHP
DS200812-1310
2008
Zheng, J-P.Zhang, H-F., Goldstein, S.L., Zhou, X-H., Sun, M., Zheng, J-P., Cai, Y.Evolution of subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath eastern China: Re-Os isotopic evidence from mantle xenoliths in Paleozoic kimberlites and Mesozoic basaltsContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 155, pp. 271-293.ChinaGeochronology
DS201412-0960
2014
Zheng, J-P.Wang, H., Wu, Y-B., Gao, S., Zheng, J-P., Liu, Q., Liu, X-C., Qin, Z-W., Yang, S-H., Gong, H-J.Deep subduction of continental crust in accretionary orogen: evidence from U-Pb dating on diamond-bearing zircons from the Qinling orogen, central China.Lithos, Vol. 190-191, pp. 420-429.ChinaUHP
DS201504-0231
2015
Zheng, J-P.Xiong, Q., Griffin, W.L., Zheng, J-P., O'Reilly, S.Y., Pearson, N.J.Episodic refertilization and metasomatism of Archean mantle: evidence from an orogenic peridotite in North Qaidam ( NE Tibet) China.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 169, 24p.China, TibetPeridotite
DS201706-1094
2017
Zheng, J-P.Lu, J-G, Xiong, Q., Griffin, W.L., Zheng, J-P., Huang, J-X., O'Reilly, S.Y., Satsuskawa, T., Pearson, N.J.Uplift of the southeastern Australian lithosphere: thermal tectonic evolution of garnet pyroxenite xenoliths from western Victoria.Geological Society of America, SPE 526 pp. 27-48.Australiageothermometry

Abstract: Detailed petrography, microstructure, and geochemistry of garnet pyroxenite xenoliths in Holocene basanite tuffs from maars at Lakes Bullenmerri and Gnotuk (western Victoria, southeastern Australia) have been used to track their igneous and metamorphic history, enabling the reconstruction of the thermal-tectonic evolution of the lithospheric mantle. The exsolution of orthopyroxene and garnet and rare spinel, plagioclase, and ilmenite from complex clinopyroxene megacrysts suggests that the xenoliths originally were clinopyroxene-dominant cumulates associated with minor garnet, orthopyroxene, or spinel. The compositions of exsolved phases and their host clinopyroxene were reintegrated using measured modal proportions to show that the primary clinopyroxene was enriched in Al2O3 (5.53-13.63 wt%) and crystallized at ~1300-1500 °C and 16-30 kbar. These cumulates then underwent extensive exsolution, recrystallization, and reaction during cooling, and finally equilibrated at ~950-1100 °C and 12-18 kbar before entrainment in the basanites. Rare earth element (REE) thermobarometry of garnets and coexisting clinopyroxenes preserves evidence of an intermediate stage (1032 °C and 21 kbar). These results imply that the protoliths of the garnet pyroxenite formed at a range of depths from ~50 to 100 km, and then during or shortly after cooling, they were tectonically emplaced to higher levels (~40-60 km; i.e., uplifted by at least 10-20 km) along the prevailing geotherm. This uplift may have been connected with lithosphere-scale faulting during the Paleozoic orogeny, or during Mesozoic-Cenozoic rifting of eastern Australia.
DS201708-1576
2017
Zheng, J-P.Lu, J-G., Xiong, Q., Griffin, W.L., Zheng, J-P., Huang, J-X., O'Reilly, S.Y., Satsukawa, T., Pearson, N.J.Uplift of southeastern Australian lithosphere: thermal tectonic evolution of garnet pyroxenite xenoliths from western Victoria.Geological Society of London, Chapter 2, pp. 27-48.Australia, Victoriaxenoliths

Abstract: Detailed petrography, microstructure, and geochemistry of garnet pyroxenite xenoliths in Holocene basanite tuffs from maars at Lakes Bullenmerri and Gnotuk (western Victoria, southeastern Australia) have been used to track their igneous and metamorphic history, enabling the reconstruction of the thermal-tectonic evolution of the lithospheric mantle. The exsolution of orthopyroxene and garnet and rare spinel, plagioclase, and ilmenite from complex clinopyroxene megacrysts suggests that the xenoliths originally were clinopyroxene-dominant cumulates associated with minor garnet, orthopyroxene, or spinel. The compositions of exsolved phases and their host clinopyroxene were reintegrated using measured modal proportions to show that the primary clinopyroxene was enriched in Al2O3 (5.53–13.63 wt%) and crystallized at ~1300–1500 °C and 16–30 kbar. These cumulates then underwent extensive exsolution, recrystallization, and reaction during cooling, and finally equilibrated at ~950–1100 °C and 12–18 kba
DS202105-0759
2021
Zheng, J-P.Dai, H-K., Zheng, J-P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Xiong, Q., Ping, X-Q., Chen, F-K., Lu, J-G.Pyroxenite xenoliths record complex melt impregnation in the deep lithosphere of the northwestern North China craton.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 62, 2, pp. 1-32. pdf.ChinaCraton

Abstract: Transformation of refractory cratonic mantle into more fertile lithologies is the key to the fate of cratonic lithosphere. This process has been extensively studied in the eastern North China Craton (NCC) while that of its western part is still poorly constrained. A comprehensive study of newly-found pyroxenite xenoliths from the Langshan area, in the northwestern part of this craton is integrated with a regional synthesis of pyroxenite and peridotite xenoliths to constrain the petrogenesis of the pyroxenites and provide an overview of the processes involved in the modification of the deep lithosphere. The Langshan pyroxenites are of two types, high-Mg# [Mg2+/(Mg2++Fe2+)*100 = ?90, atomic ratios] olivine-bearing websterites with high equilibration temperatures (880-970 oC), and low-Mg# (70-80) plagioclase-bearing websterites with low equilibration temperatures (550-835 oC). The high-Mg# pyroxenites show trade-off abundances of olivine and orthopyroxene, highly depleted bulk Sr-Nd (?Nd = +11•41, 87Sr/86Sr = ?0•7034) and low clinopyroxene Sr isotopic ratios (mean 87Sr/86Sr = ?0•703). They are considered to reflect the reaction of mantle peridotites with silica-rich silicate melts derived from the convective mantle. Their depletion in fusible components (e.g., FeO, TiO2 and Na2O) and progressive exhaustion of incompatible elements suggest melt extraction after their formation. The low-Mg# pyroxenites display layered structures, convex-upward rare earth element patterns, moderately enriched bulk Sr-Nd isotopic ratios (?Nd = -14•20- -16•74, 87Sr/86Sr = 0•7070-0•7078) and variable clinopyroxene Sr-isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr = 0•706-0•711). They are interpreted to be crustal cumulates from hypersthene-normative melts generated by interaction between the asthenosphere and heterogeneous lithospheric mantle. Combined with studies on regional peridotite xenoliths, it is shown that the thinning and refertilization of the lithospheric mantle was accompanied by crustal rejuvenation and that such processes occurred ubiquitously in the northwestern part of the NCC. A geodynamic model is proposed for the evolution of the deep lithosphere, which includes long-term mass transfer through a mantle wedge into the deep crust from the Paleozoic to the Cenozoic, triggered by subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and the Late Mesozoic lithospheric extension of eastern Asia.
DS200912-0862
2009
Zheng, L.Zheng, L.,Zhi, X., Reisberg, L.Re-Os systematics of the Raobazhai peridotite massifs from the Dabie orgenic zone, eastern China.Chemical Geology, Vol. 268, 1-2, Oct. 20, pp. 1-14.ChinaUHP
DS1995-2144
1995
Zheng, P.Zheng, P., Guanliang, L.Lamproites in the Yangtze Craton, ChinaProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 684-686.ChinaLamproites, Craton -Yangtze
DS200512-1245
2005
Zheng, P.Zhang, M.J., Hu, P.Q., Zheng, P., Wang, X.B., Li, L.W.Modes of occurrence of H2 in mantle derived rocks.Mineral deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. 8th Biennial SGA Beijing, Aug. 18-22, 2005. Springer, Chapter 1-19, pp. 73-76.Mantle, China, HebeiHdyrogen, lherzolites, pyroxenite xenoliths
DS200912-0860
2009
Zheng, S.Zheng, J.P., Griffin, W.L., O'Reilly, S.Y., Sun, M., Zheng, S., Pearson, N., Gao, Yu, Su, Tang, Liu, WuAge and composition of granulite and pyroxenite xenoliths in Hannuoba basalts reflect Paleogene underplating beneath the North Chin a craton.Chemical Geology, Vol. 264, 1-4, pp. 266-280.ChinaXenoliths
DS201012-0828
2010
Zheng, S.Wang, C., Jin, Z., Gao, S., Zhang, J., Zheng, S.Eclogite- melt/peridotite reaction: experimental constraints of the destruction mechanism of the North Chin a craton.Science China Earth Sciences, Vol. 53, 6, pp. 797-809.ChinaMelting
DS201112-0180
2011
Zheng, S.Cheng, H., Vervoort, J.D., Li, X., Zhang, C., Li, Q., Zheng, S.The growth interval of garnet in the UHP eclogites from the Dabie orogen, China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 96, 8-9, pp. 1300-1307.ChinaUHP
DS201112-0181
2011
Zheng, S.Cheng, H., Zhang, C., Vervoot, J.D., Wu, Y., Zheng, Y., Zheng, S., Zhou, Z.New Lu-Hf geochronology constrains the onset of continental subduction in the Dabie Orogen.Lithos, Vol. 121, 1-4, pp. 41-54.ChinaSubduction
DS2003-0003
2003
Zheng, T.Ai, Y., Zheng, T.The upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath eastern ChinaGeophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, 21, 2089 DOI.1029/2003GLO17678eastern ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS2003-0004
2003
Zheng, T.Ai, Y., Zheng, T., Xu, W., He, Y., Dong, D.A complex 660 km discontinuity beneath northeast ChinaEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 212, 1-2, pp. 63-71.ChinaTectonics
DS200412-0008
2003
Zheng, T.Ai, Y., Zheng, T.The upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath eastern China.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, 21, Nov. 1, 10.1029/2003 GLO17678ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-0009
2003
Zheng, T.Ai, Y., Zheng, T., Xu, W., He, Y., Dong, D.A complex 660 km discontinuity beneath northeast China.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 212, 1-2, pp. 63-71.ChinaGeophysics - seismics Tectonics
DS200512-1254
2005
Zheng, T.Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Using shear wave splitting measurements to investigate the upper mantle anisotropy beneath the North Chin a Craton: distinct variation from east to west.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, 10, May 28, DOI 10.1029/2005 GLO22585Asia, ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200612-1608
2006
Zheng, T.Zheng, T., Chen, L., Zhao, L., Xu, W., Zhu, R.Crust mantle structure difference across the gravity gradient zone in North Chin a Craton: seismic image of the thinned continental crust.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 159, 1-2, pp. 43-58.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-1234
2007
Zheng, T.Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Complex upper mantle deformation beneath the North Chin a Craton: implications for lithospheric thinning.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 170, 3, Sept. pp. 1095-1099.ChinaTectonics
DS200712-1235
2007
Zheng, T.Zhao, L., Zheng, T., Chen, L., Tang, Q.Shear wave splitting in eastern and central China: implications for upper mantle deformation beneath continental margin.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 162, 1-2, pp. 73-84.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-1236
2007
Zheng, T.Zhao, L., Zheng, T., Chen, L., Tang, Q.Shear wave splitting in eastern and central China: implications for upper mantle deformation beneath continental margin.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 162, 1-2, pp. 73-84.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200812-0210
2008
Zheng, T.Chen, L., Tao, W., Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Distinct lateral variation of lithospheric thickness in the northeastern North Chin a craton.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 267, 1-2, pp. 56-68.ChinaTectonics
DS200812-1319
2008
Zheng, T.Zhao, L., Zheng, T., Lu, G.Insight into craton evolution: constraints from shear wave splitting in the North Chin a Craton.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 168, 3-4, pp. 153-162.ChinaTectonics
DS201212-0821
2013
Zheng, T.Zhao, L., Zheng, T., Lu, G.Distinct upper mantle deformation of cratons in response to subduction: constraints from SKS wave splitting measurements in eastern China.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 39-53.ChinaSubduction
DS201212-0827
2012
Zheng, T.Zheng, T., Zhu, R., Liang, Ai, Y.Intralithospheric mantle structures recorded continental subduction.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 117, B3, B03308MantleSubduction
DS201503-0158
2015
Zheng, T.Lu, G., Kaus, B.J.P., Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Self-consistent subduction initiation induced by mantle flow.Terra Nova, Vol. 27, 2, pp. 130-138.MantleSubduction
DS200812-1323
2008
Zheng, T.Y.Zheng, T.Y., Zhao, L., Zhu, R.X.Insight into the geodynamics of cratonic reactivation from seismic analysis of the crust mantle boundary.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, 8, L08303MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-1164
2003
Zheng, W.Liu, Y.,Gao, S., Liu, X., Chen, X., Zheng, W., Wang, X.Thermodynamic evolution of lithosphere of the North Chin a Craton: records from lower crust and upper mantle xenoliths from HannuChinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 48, 21, pp. 2371-77. Ingenta 1035395020ChinaGeothermometry
DS201902-0280
2019
Zheng, W.Ionov, D.A., Qi, Y-H., Kang, J-T., Golovin, A.V., Oleinikov, O.B., Zheng, W., Anbar, A.D., Zhang, Z-F., Huang, F.Calcium isotopic signatures of carbonatite and silicate metasomatism, melt percolation and crustal recycling in the lithospheric mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 248, pp. 1-13.Russia, Siberiacarbonatite

Abstract: Ca isotopes can be strongly fractionated at the Earth’s surface and thus may be tracers of subducted carbonates and other Ca-rich surface materials in mantle rocks, magmas and fluids. However, the ?44/40Ca range in the mantle and the scope of intra-mantle isotope fractionation are poorly constrained. We report Ca isotope analyses for 22 mantle xenoliths: four basalt-hosted refractory peridotites from Tariat in Mongolia and 18 samples from the Obnazhennaya (Obn) kimberlite on the NE Siberian craton. Obn peridotites are Paleoproterozoic to Archean melting residues metasomatised by carbonate-rich and/or silicate melts including unique xenoliths that contain texturally equilibrated carbonates. ?44/40Ca in 15 Obn xenoliths shows limited variation (0.74-0.97‰) that overlaps the value (0.94?±?0.05‰) inferred for the bulk silicate Earth from data on fertile lherzolites, but is lower than ?44/40Ca for non-metasomatised refractory peridotites from Mongolia (1.10?±?0.03‰). Bulk ?44/40Ca in four Obn peridotites containing metasomatic carbonates ranges from 0.81?±?0.08‰ to 0.83?±?0.06‰, with similar values in acid-leachates and leaching residues, indicating isotopic equilibration of the carbonates with host rocks. We infer that (a) metasomatism tends to decrease ?44/40Ca values of the mantle, but its effects are usually limited (?0.3‰); (b) Ca isotopes cannot distinguish "carbonatite" and "silicate" types of mantle metasomatism. The lowest ?44/40Ca value (0.56‰) was obtained for a phlogopite-bearing Obn peridotite with a very high Ca/Al of 8 suggesting that the greatest metasomatism-induced Ca isotope shifts may be seen in rocks initially low in Ca that experienced significant Ca input leading to high Ca/Al. Two Obn peridotites, a dunite (melt channel material) and a veined spinel wehrlite, have high ?44/40Ca values (1.22‰ and 1.38‰), which may be due to isotope fractionation by diffusion during silicate melt intrusion and percolation in the host mantle. Overall, we find no evidence that recycling of crustal carbonates may greatly affect Ca isotope values in the global mantle or on a regional scale.
DS201903-0519
2018
Zheng, W.Ionov, D.A., Qi, Y-H., Kang, J-T., Golovin, A.V., Oleinikov, O.B., Zheng, W., Anbar, A.D., Zhang, Z-F., Huang, F.Calcium isotopic signatures of carbonatite and silicate metasomatism, melt percolation and crustal recyclying in the lithospheric mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 248, pp. 1-13.Mantlecarbonatite

Abstract: Ca isotopes can be strongly fractionated at the Earth’s surface and thus may be tracers of subducted carbonates and other Ca-rich surface materials in mantle rocks, magmas and fluids. However, the ?44/40Ca range in the mantle and the scope of intra-mantle isotope fractionation are poorly constrained. We report Ca isotope analyses for 22 mantle xenoliths: four basalt-hosted refractory peridotites from Tariat in Mongolia and 18 samples from the Obnazhennaya (Obn) kimberlite on the NE Siberian craton. Obn peridotites are Paleoproterozoic to Archean melting residues metasomatised by carbonate-rich and/or silicate melts including unique xenoliths that contain texturally equilibrated carbonates. ?44/40Ca in 15 Obn xenoliths shows limited variation (0.74-0.97‰) that overlaps the value (0.94?±?0.05‰) inferred for the bulk silicate Earth from data on fertile lherzolites, but is lower than ?44/40Ca for non-metasomatised refractory peridotites from Mongolia (1.10?±?0.03‰). Bulk ?44/40Ca in four Obn peridotites containing metasomatic carbonates ranges from 0.81?±?0.08‰ to 0.83?±?0.06‰, with similar values in acid-leachates and leaching residues, indicating isotopic equilibration of the carbonates with host rocks. We infer that (a) metasomatism tends to decrease ?44/40Ca values of the mantle, but its effects are usually limited (?0.3‰); (b) Ca isotopes cannot distinguish "carbonatite" and "silicate" types of mantle metasomatism. The lowest ?44/40Ca value (0.56‰) was obtained for a phlogopite-bearing Obn peridotite with a very high Ca/Al of 8 suggesting that the greatest metasomatism-induced Ca isotope shifts may be seen in rocks initially low in Ca that experienced significant Ca input leading to high Ca/Al. Two Obn peridotites, a dunite (melt channel material) and a veined spinel wehrlite, have high ?44/40Ca values (1.22‰ and 1.38‰), which may be due to isotope fractionation by diffusion during silicate melt intrusion and percolation in the host mantle. Overall, we find no evidence that recycling of crustal carbonates may greatly affect Ca isotope values in the global mantle or on a regional scale.
DS201904-0749
2019
Zheng, W.Ionov, D.A., Qi, YpH., Kang, J-T., Golovin, A.V., Oleinkov, O.B., Zheng, W., Anbar, A.D., Zhang, Z-F., Huang, F.Calcium isotopic signatures of carbonatite and silicate metasomatism, melt percolation and crustal recycling in the lithospheric mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 248, pp. 1-13.Mantle, Asia, Mongolia, Russia, Siberiametasomatism

Abstract: Ca isotopes can be strongly fractionated at the Earth’s surface and thus may be tracers of subducted carbonates and other Ca-rich surface materials in mantle rocks, magmas and fluids. However, the ?44/40Ca range in the mantle and the scope of intra-mantle isotope fractionation are poorly constrained. We report Ca isotope analyses for 22 mantle xenoliths: four basalt-hosted refractory peridotites from Tariat in Mongolia and 18 samples from the Obnazhennaya (Obn) kimberlite on the NE Siberian craton. Obn peridotites are Paleoproterozoic to Archean melting residues metasomatised by carbonate-rich and/or silicate melts including unique xenoliths that contain texturally equilibrated carbonates. ?44/40Ca in 15 Obn xenoliths shows limited variation (0.74-0.97‰) that overlaps the value (0.94?±?0.05‰) inferred for the bulk silicate Earth from data on fertile lherzolites, but is lower than ?44/40Ca for non-metasomatised refractory peridotites from Mongolia (1.10?±?0.03‰). Bulk ?44/40Ca in four Obn peridotites containing metasomatic carbonates ranges from 0.81?±?0.08‰ to 0.83?±?0.06‰, with similar values in acid-leachates and leaching residues, indicating isotopic equilibration of the carbonates with host rocks. We infer that (a) metasomatism tends to decrease ?44/40Ca values of the mantle, but its effects are usually limited (?0.3‰); (b) Ca isotopes cannot distinguish “carbonatite” and “silicate” types of mantle metasomatism. The lowest ?44/40Ca value (0.56‰) was obtained for a phlogopite-bearing Obn peridotite with a very high Ca/Al of 8 suggesting that the greatest metasomatism-induced Ca isotope shifts may be seen in rocks initially low in Ca that experienced significant Ca input leading to high Ca/Al. Two Obn peridotites, a dunite (melt channel material) and a veined spinel wehrlite, have high ?44/40Ca values (1.22‰ and 1.38‰), which may be due to isotope fractionation by diffusion during silicate melt intrusion and percolation in the host mantle. Overall, we find no evidence that recycling of crustal carbonates may greatly affect Ca isotope values in the global mantle or on a regional scale.
DS201904-0803
2019
Zheng, X.Zheng, X., Liu, Y.Mechanisms of element precipitation in carbonatite related rare earth element deposits: evidence from fluid inclusions in the Maoniuping deposit, Sichuan Provence southwestern China.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 107, pp. 218-238.Chinacarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatite-related rare-earth element (REE) deposits (CARDs) are the major global source of REEs. The ore-forming fluids of CARDs usually comprise multiple components and record complicated evolutions. The Maoniuping REE deposit, located in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, is the second-largest CARD in China and contains total reserves of 3.17?Mt of light rare-earth oxides (REOs). Geochronological and geological data show that the deposit was formed at ?25?Ma and was only moderately affected by tectonic and hydrothermal activities, thereby allowing us to study the evolution of ore fluids as well as the mechanisms of REE mineralization. The Maoniuping REE deposit is spatially associated with a carbonatite-syenite complex and includes two sections: Guangtoushan and Dagudao. The Dagudao section is the main focus of exploration and hosts well-developed vein systems. In the uppermost vein system, minerals are zoned from the syenite wall-rock contact to the vein centers in the order of biotite, aegirine-augite, arfvedsonite, calcite, quartz, barite, fluorite, and bastnäsite-(Ce). Based on geological observations and the petrography of fluid inclusions, the mineralization processes are classified into magmatic, pegmatitic, hydrothermal I, hydrothermal II, and REE stages. The inclusions in these stages include melt (M), melt-fluid (M-L), pure CO2 (C), aqueous-CO2 (L-C), aqueous-CO2 with crystals (L???C?+?S), liquid-vapor aqueous with crystals (L???V?+?S), and liquid-vapor (L-V) type inclusions. The magmatic stage is marked by a carbonatite-syenite complex with minor bastnäsite-(Ce), whereas the pegmatitic stage consists of coarse-grained calcite, barite, fluorite, and quartz that contain M, M-L, and L-C type inclusions with a fluid system of NaCl-Na2SO4-H2O-CO2 at high temperature (>600?°C) and high salinity (>45?wt% NaCl equiv.). The hydrothermal I stage is characterized by fenitization and is marked by aegirine-augite and arfvedsonite containing abundant L-V and few L-C type inclusions. This stage is characterized by high temperatures (?480?°C) and moderate salinity (10.2-17.9?wt% NaCl equiv.), with a fluid system of NaCl-Na2SO4-H2O and minor CO2 and CH4?+?C2H6. The hydrothermal II stage is dominated by L-C, L???C?+?S, L???V?+?S, and L-V type inclusions that are hosted in barite, calcite, fluorite, and quartz, and formed at moderate to high temperatures (260-350?°C), with a wide range of salinity (9.4-47.8?wt% NaCl equiv.), a fluid system of NaCl-Na2SO4-CO2-H2O, and abundant CH4?+?C2H6. During the REE stage, pervasive bastnäsite-(Ce) containing abundant L-V type and few L-C type inclusions crystallized under low temperatures (160-240?°C) and low salinities (8.8-13.1?wt% NaCl equiv.) with a fluid system of NaCl-H2O and minor CO2 and CH4?+?C2H6. The results of ion-chromatographic analysis show that the ore fluids are rich in Na+, K+, Cl?, F?, and (SO4)2?, and have low Cl?/(SO4)2? ratios (0.78-2.00), showing a marked contrast with the fluids of granite-related REE deposits (Cl?/(SO4)2??>?50) and a similarity to subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). The ?D and ?18Ofluid values and the high N2/Ar ratios indicate that the ore fluids originated from carbonatitic magma and were dominated by magmatic water during the hydrothermal I stage, whereas magmatic and meteoric water co-existed during the hydrothermal II and REE stages. Moreover, the higher ratios of CO2/N2 (9-64) and CO2/CH4 (17-472) and the higher concentrations of CO2, CH4, C2H6, and N2 in the hydrothermal II stage compared with the hydrothermal I stage are attributed to intense immiscibility that resulted from decompression and is constrained to temperatures of 310-350?°C and pressures of 2.0-2.4?kbar. In contrast, microthermometric data and low CH4, C2H6, and N2 contents for the REE stage show that fluid cooling and mixing with meteoric water played an important role during the intensive mineralization of this stage, which occurred under shallow open-system conditions at temperatures of ?200?°C and pressures of <0.5?kbar. The mineral assemblages, together with experimental petrology results, suggest that the REE transport capability of the hydrothermal fluids was due to the high contents of (SO4)2?, Cl?, and F? complexes. In addition, CO2 that separates during immiscibility is known to act as a buffer that constrains the pH of ore fluids. Thus, immiscibility during the hydrothermal II stage could have provided favorable conditions for the migration of REEs. The subsequent cooling of fluids, the involvement of meteoric water, and increased fluid pH, favored the precipitation of REEs in the Maoniuping deposit.
DS202103-0425
2021
Zheng, X.Zheng, X., Liu, Y., Zhang, L.The role of sulfate-, alkali-, and halogen-rich fluids in mobilization and mineralization of rare earth elements: insights from bulk fluid compositions in the Mianning-Dechang carbonatite-related REE belt, southwestern China.Lithos, Vol. 386-387, 106008, 15p. PdfChinadeposit - Mianning-Dechang

Abstract: Carbonatites host the world's most important rare earth element (REE) resources. The origins of REE mineralization in carbonatite-related deposits, particularly the role of hydrothermal fluids in REE mobilization and mineralization, remain enigmatic. The Cenozoic Mianning-Dechang REE belt in eastern Tibet is one of the largest REE production regions worldwide, and is an ideal area for investigating REE mineralization. Geological investigations and fluid inclusion studies suggest that ore fluids in this belt evolved from hydrothermal stage I (fenitization at high temperatures of ~480 °C) to hydrothermal stage II (calcite, quartz, barite, and fluorite crystallization at temperatures of 300-350 °C and salinities of ~20 wt% NaCl equiv.), and then to the REE mineralization stage (temperatures of ~200 °C and low salinities of ~9 wt% NaCl equiv.). The bulk fluid compositions demonstrate that the ore fluids contained significant amounts of alkalis (up to 5 wt% Na + K), halogens (up to 12 wt% Cl; up to 7 wt% F), sulfate (>2 wt% SO42?), Ba (>1123 ppm), Sr (>1120 ppm), and REEs (>5 wt%). Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of these fluids are light REE-enriched and exhibit moderate depletion in Eu ([Eu/Eu?]CN = 0.85 ± 0.08), similar to the carbonatites and nordmarkites. These fluid characteristics and plots of Rb/Na vs. K/Na and Mn vs. Na suggest that the ore fluids in the Mianning-Dechang REE belt were derived from a late-stage alkaline-carbonatitic magma. High concentrations of Cl?, F?, SO42?, and REEs, and the absence of REE fluoride (REEF3) and fluorite (CaF2), suggest that the ore fluids in hydrothermal stage I were a high-temperature, SO42?-rich (>2 wt%), and acidic fluid system (pH < 3.5). In this system, chloride REE complexes were predominant over fluoride and sulfate REE complexes, which resulted in efficient transport of REEs. Sulfate species were predominant in hydrothermal stage II at temperatures of 260-350 °C and a pH between 3.5 and 5.2. The higher pH and fluid cooling from hydrothermal stage I to hydrothermal stage II caused an increase in F?, which in turn lowered fluid REE concentrations, owing to the formation of REE-rich fluorite. This suggests that F? was a depositional ligand in hydrothermal stage II. Continued fluid cooling (~200 °C) and increasing pH (~6), combined with the precipitation of barite and fluorite in the REE mineralization stage, destabilized the REE complexes because of the decreasing concentrations of SO42?, Cl?, and F?, which thus led to widespread REE deposition. A review of different-sized deposits in the Mianning-Dechang REE belt indicates that appreciable amounts of SO42?, Cl?, REEs, CO2, and particularly F? and alkalis in fluids, along with a high fluid exsolution temperature, represent the ideal conditions for potential REE mineralization in a carbonatite-related setting.
DS201312-0989
2013
Zheng, X-q.Yang, A.Q., Zeng, Z-j., Zheng, X-q., Hu, Y-l.Emplacement age and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the AfrikAnd a alkaline ultramafic complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, Vol. 33, 9, pp. 2374-2378.ChinaDeposit - Mengyin
DS1998-1605
1998
Zheng, Y.Xiao, Y.L., Hoefs, J., Van der Kerkof, A.M., Zheng, Y.Fluid inclusions in ultra high pressure eclogites from the Dabie Shan, eastern China.Mineralogical Magazine, Goldschmidt abstract, Vol. 62A, p. 1667-8.ChinaEclogites, metamorphic, Deposit - Dabie Shan
DS2000-1030
2000
Zheng, Y.Xiao, Y., Hoefs, J., Zheng, Y.Fluid history of ultra high pressure (UHP) metamorphism in Dabie Shan: a fluid inclusion and oxygen isotope coesite-bearing....Contrib. Min. Pet., Vol. 139, No. 1, pp. 1-16.ChinaEclogite, Bixiling area
DS2001-0442
2001
Zheng, Y.Han, B-F., Zheng, Y., Gan, J., Chang, Z.The Louzidian normal fault near Chifeng: master fault of a quasi metamorphic core complex.International Geology Review, Vol. 43, pp. 254-64.GlobalTectonics, Qinling Dabie Orogenic belt, ultra high pressure (UHP)
DS200912-0316
2009
Zheng, Y.Huang, Z., Li, H., Zheng, Y., Peng, Y.The lithosphere of North Chin a craton from surface wave tomography.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 288, 1-2, pp. 164-173.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS201112-0181
2011
Zheng, Y.Cheng, H., Zhang, C., Vervoot, J.D., Wu, Y., Zheng, Y., Zheng, S., Zhou, Z.New Lu-Hf geochronology constrains the onset of continental subduction in the Dabie Orogen.Lithos, Vol. 121, 1-4, pp. 41-54.ChinaSubduction
DS202103-0385
2020
Zheng, Y.Guo, H., Yu, X., Zheng, Y., Sun, Z., Ng, M.F-Y.Inclusion and trace element characteristics of emeralds from Swat Valley, Pakistan.Gems & Gemology, Vol. 56, 3, pp. 336-355. pdfAsia, Pakistandeposit - Swat Valley. Emerald

Abstract: Swat Valley has become an important source of emeralds, including recently discovered trapiche-type crystals. In this study, emerald samples from Swat were examined by standard gemological testing, UV-Vis-NIR, FTIR, Raman analysis, EDXRF, and LA-ICP-MS. The study found three-phase hexagonal inclusions consisting of water, gaseous carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and a magnesite crystal. The gaseous mixture in two-phase inclusions is characteristic in both trapiche-type (CO2 + N2) and non-trapiche samples (CO2 + N2 + CH4). Mineral inclusions of hematite, magnetite, rutile, graphite, and siderite are reported for the first time. Regular non-trapiche-type Swat emeralds contain high chromium (avg. 7471 ppmw), alkali metal (avg. 21040 ppmw), magnesium (avg. 34263 ppmw), and iron (avg. 9265 ppmw), as well as scandium (avg. 633 ppmw). Infrared spectra show that the absorption of type II H2O is stronger than that of type I H2O. Logarithm plots of trace elements appear to be diagnostic. Based on Raman spectroscopy, the trapiche-type emeralds’ colorless core, light green hexagonal growth zone area, and green rim are emerald, while the six black arms are a mixture of hematite and graphite.
DS202110-1646
2021
Zheng, Y.Zheng, Y., Li, C., Liu, J., Wei, J., Ye, H.Diamond with nitrogen: states, control, and applications.Functional Diamond, Vol. 1, 1, pp. 63-82. doi.org/10.1080/ 26941112.2021.1877021Globalnitrogen

Abstract: The burgeoning multi-field applications of diamond concurrently bring up a foremost consideration associated with nitrogen. Ubiquitous nitrogen in both natural and artificial diamond in most cases as disruptive impurity is undesirable for diamond material properties, eg deterioration in electrical performance. However, the feat of this most common element-nitrogen, can change diamond growth evolution, endow diamond fancy colors and even give quantum technology a solid boost. This perspective reviews the understanding and progress of nitrogen in diamond including natural occurring gemstones and their synthetic counterparts formed by high temperature high pressure (HPHT) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods. The review paper covers a variety of topics ranging from the basis of physical state of nitrogen and its related defects as well as the resulting effects in diamond (including nitrogen termination on diamond surface), to precise control of nitrogen incorporation associated with selective post-treatments and finally to the practical utilization. Among the multitudinous potential nitrogen related centers, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in diamond have attracted particular interest and are still ceaselessly drawing extensive attentions for quantum frontiers advance.
DS1998-1636
1998
Zheng, Y.F.Zheng, Y.F., Gong, B., Fu, B., Li, Y.Extreme 13 C depletion in ultrahigh pressure eclogites from the Dabie and Sulu terranes in China.Mineralogical Magazine, Goldschmidt abstract, Vol. 62A, p. 1698-9.ChinaEclogites, metamorphism, Deposit - Dabie Shan
DS1999-0229
1999
Zheng, Y.F.Fu, B., Zheng, Y.F., Li, S.Oxygen and hydrogen isotope geochemistry of gneisses associated with ultrahigh pressure eclogites.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 134, No. 1, Jan pp. 52-66.ChinaEclogites, Dabie Mountains, Shuanghe
DS1999-0834
1999
Zheng, Y.F.Zheng, Y.F., Fu, B., Gong, B.Hydrogen and oxygen isotope evidence for fluid rock interactions in the stages of pre-post ultra high pressure (UHP) metamorphismLithos, Vol. 48, No. 4, Apr. pp. 677-94.ChinaGeochronology - metamorphic rocks, Dabie Mountains
DS2001-0343
2001
Zheng, Y.F.Fu, B., Turet, L.R., Zheng, Y.F.Fluid inclusions in coesite bearing eclogites and jadeite quartzite at Shuanghe Dabie Shan.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 19, No. 5, Sept. pp. 529-46.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), geochronology
DS2001-1279
2001
Zheng, Y.F.Yang, X.Y., Zheng, Y.F., Liu, D., Dai, J.Chemical and carbon isotope compositions of fluid inclusions in peridotite xenoliths and eclogites...Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Pt. A. Solid Earth, Vol. 26, No. 9-10, pp. 705-18.ChinaGeodynamics
DS2001-1280
2001
Zheng, Y.F.Yang, X.Y., Zheng, Y.F., Liu, D., Dai, J.Chemical and carbon isotope compositions of igneous rocks from Lower Yangtze region, constraints on sourcesPhysics and Chemistry of the Earth, Vol. 26, pt. A. No. 9-10, pp. 705-18.ChinaPeridotite - xenoliths
DS2002-0491
2002
Zheng, Y.F.Fu, B., Zheng, Y.F., Touret, J.L.Petrological, isotopic and fluid inclusion studies of eclogites from Sujiahe NW Dabie Shan, China.Chemical Geology, Vol. 187, No. 1-2, pp. 107-28.ChinaUHP, Eclogites
DS2002-1746
2002
Zheng, Y.F.Xiao, Y., Hoefs, J., Van den Kerkof, A.M., Simon, K., Fiebig, J., Zheng, Y.F.Fluid evolution in the Baia Mare epithermal gold/polymetallic district, Inner Carpathians, RomaniaJournal of Petrology, Vol. 43, No. 8, pp. 1505-28.ChinaGeochemistry, UHP
DS2003-0427
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Fu, B., Touret, J.L., Zheng, Y.F., Jahn, B.Fluid inclusions in granulites, granulitized eclogites and garnet pyroxenites from theLithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 293-319.ChinaUHP, eclogites
DS2003-0428
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Fu, B., Touret, J.L.R., Zheng, Y.F.Remnants of premetamorphic fluid and oxygen isotopic signatures in eclogites andJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 21, 6, pp. 561-78.ChinaUHP, eclogites, geochronology
DS2003-0810
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Li, Q., Li, S., Zheng, Y.F., Li, H., Massone, H.J., Wang, Q.A high precision U Pb age of metamorphic rutile in coesite bearing eclogite from theChemical Geology, Vol. 200, 3-4, pp. 255-65.ChinaUHP, geochronology
DS2003-1522
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Yang, X.M., Yang, X.Y., Zheng, Y.F., Le Bas, M.J.A rare earth element rich carbonatite dyke at Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, NorthMineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 78, 1-2, pp. 93-110.ChinaREE, Deposit - Bayan Obo
DS2003-1523
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Yang, X-M., Yang, X-Y., Zheng, Y.F., Le Bas, M.J.A rare earth carbonatite dyke at Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, north ChinaMineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 78, 1-2, pp. 93-110.ChinaCarbonatite, Deposit - Bayan Obo
DS2003-1548
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, Y.F., Fu, B.Transition of UHP eclogites to gneissic rocks of low amphibolite facies duringLithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 269-91.ChinaUHP, metamorphism
DS2003-1558
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Zheng, Y.F., Gong, B., Zhao, Z.F., Fe, B., Li, Y.L.Two types of gneisses associated with eclogite at Shuanghe in the Dabie terrane:Lithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 321-343.ChinaUHP, eclogites
DS200412-0587
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Fu, B., Touret, J.L., Zheng, Y.F., Jahn, B.Fluid inclusions in granulites, granulitized eclogites and garnet pyroxenites from the Dabie Sulu terranes, eastern China.Lithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 293-319.ChinaUHP, eclogites
DS200412-0588
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Fu, B., Touret, J.L.R., Zheng, Y.F.Remnants of premetamorphic fluid and oxygen isotopic signatures in eclogites and garnet clinopyroxenite form the Dabie Sulu terrJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 21, 6, pp. 561-78.ChinaUHP, eclogites, geochronology
DS200412-1128
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Li, Q., Li, S., Zheng, Y.F., Li, H., Massone, H.J., Wang, Q.A high precision U Pb age of metamorphic rutile in coesite bearing eclogite from the Dabie Mountains in central China: a new conChemical Geology, Vol. 200, 3-4, pp. 255-65.ChinaUHP, geochronology
DS200412-2173
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Yang, X.M., Yang, X.Y., Zheng, Y.F., Le Bas, M.J.A rare earth element rich carbonatite dyke at Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, North China.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 78, 1-2, pp. 93-110.ChinaREE Deposit - Bayan Obo
DS200412-2209
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Zheng, Y.F., Fu, B.Transition of UHP eclogites to gneissic rocks of low amphibolite facies during exhumation: evidence from the Dabie Terraine, cenLithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 269-91.ChinaUHP, metamorphism
DS200412-2225
2003
Zheng, Y.F.Zheng, Y.F., Gong, B., Zhao, Z.F., Fe, B., Li, Y.L.Two types of gneisses associated with eclogite at Shuanghe in the Dabie terrane: carbon isotope, zircon Y.F. dating and oxygen iLithos, Vol. 70, 3-4, pp. 321-343.ChinaUHP, eclogites
DS200512-0632
2004
Zheng, Y.F.Li, X.P., Zheng, Y.F., Wu, Y.B., Chen, F., Gong, B., Li, Y.L.Low T eclogite in the Dabie terrane of China: petrological and isotopic constraints on fluid activity and radiometric dating.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 148, 4, pp. 443-470.ChinaGeochronology
DS200512-1204
2004
Zheng, Y.F.Xiao, L., Xu, Y.G., Mei, H.J., Zheng, Y.F., He, B., Pirajno, F.Distinct mantle sources of low Ti and high Ti basalts from the western Emeishan large igneous province, SW China: implications for plume?? lithosphere interactionEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 228, 3-4, pp. 525-546.ChinaMantle mineralogy, titanium
DS200512-1256
2004
Zheng, Y.F.Zhao, Z.F., Zheng, Y.F., Wei, C.S., Wu, Y.B.Zircon isotope evidence for recycling of subducted continental crust in post collisional granitoids from the Dabie terrane in China.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, 22, Nov. 28, DOI 10.1029/2004 GLO021061ChinaGeochronology
DS200612-1609
2006
Zheng, Y.F.Zheng, Y.F., Zhao, Z-F., Wu, Y-B., Gong, B.Protolith nature of deeply subducted continent: zircon U-Pb age, Hf and O isotope constraints from UHP eclogite and gneiss in the Dabie orogen.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 18, abstract only.ChinaUHP, geochronology
DS200812-0211
2008
Zheng, Y.F.Chen, R.X., Zheng, Y.F., Gong, B.Mineral water concentration and H isotope evidence for decompressional dehydration during exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A156.ChinaUHP
DS200812-1320
2008
Zheng, Y.F.Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y.F., Wei, C-S., Chen, F-K., Liu, X., Wu, F-Y.Zircon U Pb ages, Hf and O isotopes constrain the crustal architecture of the ultrahigh pressure Dabie orogen in China.Chemical Geology, Vol. 253, 3-4, August 15, pp. 222-242.ChinaUHP
DS200812-1324
2008
Zheng, Y.F.Zheng, Y.F., Gong, B., Zhao, Z.F., Wu, Y.B., Chen, P.K.Zircon U Pb age and O isotope evidence for Neoproterozoic low 180 magmatism during super continental rifting in South China: implications for theAmerican Journal of Science, Vol. 308, 4, pp. 484-516.ChinaSnowball Earth
DS201112-0344
2011
Zheng, Y.F.Gao, X.Y., Zheng, Y.F., Chen, Y.X.Dehydration melting of ultrahigh pressure eclogite in the Dabie Orogen: evidence from multiphase solid inclusions in garnet.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, in press availableChinaUHP
DS201212-0228
2012
Zheng, Y.F.Gao, X.Y., Zheng, Y.F., Chen, Y.X.Dehydration melting of ultra high pressure eclogite in the Dabie Orogen: evidence from multiphase solid inclusions in garnet.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 30, 2, pp. 193-210.ChinaUHP
DS201312-0294
2013
Zheng, Y.F.Gao, X-Y., Zheng, Y.F., Chen, Y.X., Hu, Z.Trace element composition of continentally subducted slab-derived melt: insight from multiphase solid inclusions in ultrahigh pressure eclogite in the Dabie Orogen.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 31, 4, pp. 453-468.ChinaUHP
DS201312-1015
2013
Zheng, Y.F.Zheng, Y.F., Xiao, W.J., Zhao, G.C.Introductions to tectonics of China.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 4, pp. 1189-1206.ChinaOverview of cratons and belts
DS201702-0254
2017
Zheng, Y-C.Xu, B., Griffin, W.L., Xiong, Q., Hou, Z-Q, O'Reilly, S.Y., Guo, Z., Pearson, N.J., Greau, Y., Yang, Z-M., Zheng, Y-C.Ultrapotassic rocks and xenoliths from South Tibet: contrasting styles of interaction between lithospheric mantle and asthenosphere during continental collision.Geology, Vol. 45, 1, pp. 51-54.China, TibetUPR - metasomatism

Abstract: Widespread Miocene (24-8 Ma) ultrapotassic rocks and their entrained xenoliths provide information on the composition, structure, and thermal state of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle in southern Tibet during the India-Asia continental collision. The ultrapotassic rocks along the Lhasa block delineate two distinct lithospheric domains with different histories of depletion and enrichment. The eastern ultrapotassic rocks (89°E-92°E) reveal a depleted, young, and fertile lithospheric mantle (87Sr/86Srt = 0.704-0.707 [t is eruption time]; Hf depleted-mantle model age [TDM] = 377-653 Ma). The western ultrapotassic rocks (79°E-89°E) and their peridotite xenoliths (81°E) reflect a refractory harzburgitic mantle refertilized by ancient metasomatism (lavas: 87Sr/86Srt = 0.714-0.734; peridotites: 87Sr/86Srt = 0.709-0.716). These data integrated with seismic tomography suggest that upwelling asthenosphere was diverted away from the deep continental root beneath the western Lhasa block, but rose to shallower depths beneath a thinner lithosphere in the eastern part. Heating of the lithospheric mantle by the rising asthenosphere ultimately generated the ultrapotassic rocks with regionally distinct geochemical signatures reflecting the different nature of the lithospheric mantle.
DS1998-1637
1998
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., et al.Carbon isotope anomaly in marbles associated with eclogites from the Dabie Mountains in China.Journal of Geology, Vol. 106, No. 1, Jan. pp. 97-104.ChinaEclogite
DS2003-1559
2003
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Fu, B., Gong, B., Li, L.Stable isotope geochemistry of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks from the DabieEarth Science Reviews, Vol. 62, 1-2, July, pp. 105-161.ChinaUHP, Subduction
DS2003-1560
2003
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Yang, J-J., Gong, B., Jahn, B-M.Partial equilibrium of radiogenic and stable isotope systems in garnet peridotite duringAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 88, pp. 1633-43.ChinaGeochronology, UHP
DS200412-2155
2004
Zheng, Y-F.Xie, Z., Zheng, Y-F., Jahn, B-M., Ballevre, M., Chen, J., Gautier, P., Gao, T., Gong, B., Zhou, J.Sm Nd and Rb Sr dating of pyroxene garnetite from North Dabie in east centra China: problem of isotope disequilibrium due to retChemical Geology, Vol. 206, 1-2, May 28, pp. 137-158.ChinaUHP, eclogite, geochronology
DS200412-2226
2003
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Fu, B., Gong, B., Li, L.Stable isotope geochemistry of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks from the Dabie Sulu orogen in China: implications for geodynEarth Science Reviews, Vol. 62, 1-2, July, pp. 105-161.ChinaUHP Subduction
DS200412-2227
2003
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Yang, J-J., Gong, B., Jahn, B-M.Partial equilibrium of radiogenic and stable isotope systems in garnet peridotite during ultrahigh pressure metamorphism.American Mineralogist, Vol. 88, pp. 1633-43.ChinaGeochronology, UHP, Shimafang, Sulu
DS200512-0633
2005
Zheng, Y-F.Li, Y-L., Zheng, Y-F., Fu, B.Mossbauer spectroscopy of omphacite and garnet pairs from eclogites: application to geothermometry.American Mineralogist, Vol.90, Jan. pp. 90-100.Eclogite
DS200512-1262
2005
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Zhou, J-B, Wu, Y-B., Xie, Z.Low grade metamorphic rocks in the Dabie Sulu orogenic belt: a passive margin accretionary wedge deformed during continent subduction.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 7, pp. 851-871.Asia, ChinaSubduction
DS200612-0607
2006
Zheng, Y-F.Huang, J., Zheng, Y-F., Zhao, Z.F., Wu, Y-B., Zhou, J-B., Liu, X.Melting of subducted continent: element and isotopic evidence for a genetic relationship between Neoproterozoic and Mesozoic granitoids in the Sulu orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 229, 4, May 30, pp. 227-256.ChinaGeochronology, rift magmatism, subduction
DS200612-1594
2006
Zheng, Y-F.Zhang, S-B., Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, Z-F., Gao, S., Wu, F-Y.Zircon isotope evidence for >3.5 Ga continental crust in the Yangtze craton of China.Precambrian Research, in press,ChinaCrustal evolution, geochronology
DS200612-1602
2006
Zheng, Y-F.Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F., Gao, T.S., Wu, Y.B., Chen, B., Chen, F-K., Wu, F.Y.Isotopic constraints on age and duration of fluid assisted high pressure eclogite facies recrystallization during exhumation of deeply subducted continental crursJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 24, 8, pp. 687-702.ChinaUHP Sulu orogen
DS200612-1610
2006
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Zhao, Z.F., Wu, Y-B., Zhang, S-B., Liu, X., Wu, F-Y.Zircon U Pb age, Hf and O isotope contraints on protolith origin of ultrahigh pressure eclogite and gneiss in the Dabie Orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 231, 1-2, pp. 135-158.ChinaUHP
DS200712-0369
2007
Zheng, Y-F.Gong, B., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, R-X.TC/EA-MS online determination of hydrogen isotope composition and water concentration in eclogitic garnet.Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 34, 10, pp. 687-698.TechnologyEclogite
DS200712-0370
2007
Zheng, Y-F.Gong, B., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, R-X.H-O isotopes and water content in nominally anhydrous minerals from UHP eclogite in the Dabie Orogen.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A342.ChinaUHP
DS200712-0622
2007
Zheng, Y-F.Li, L., Zheng, Y-F., Cartigny, P.Nitrogen and oxygen isotopes in phengite from UHP metamorphic rocks in the Sulu orogen, China.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A573.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1185
2007
Zheng, Y-F.Wu, Y-B., Zheng, Y-F., Zhang, S-B., Zhao, Z-F., Wu, F-Y., Liu, X-M.Zircon UPb ages and Hf isotope compositions of migmatite from the North Dabie Terrane in China: constraints on partial melting.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 25, 9, pp. 901-1009.ChinaUHP - melting
DS200712-1241
2007
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, A-F., Zhang, S-B.Metamorphic effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Pb isotope systems in eclogite facies metamorphic rocks from the Dabie Orogen.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 88-89.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1242
2007
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, A-F., Zhang, S-B.Metamorphic effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Pb isotope systems in eclogite facies metamorphic rocks from the Dabie Orogen.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 88-89.ChinaUHP
DS200712-1243
2007
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, Z-F., Gong, B.Two episodes of zircon growth due to fluid availablility during subduction and exhumation of continental crust: U Pb age, Hf and O isotope evidence from ultrahigh pressure eclogiteFrontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 259-260.ChinaDabie Orogen
DS200712-1244
2007
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Wu, Y-B., Zhao, Z-F., Gong, B.Two episodes of zircon growth due to fluid availablility during subduction and exhumation of continental crust: U Pb age, Hf and O isotope evidence from ultrahigh pressure eclogiteFrontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 259-260.ChinaDabie Orogen
DS200912-0834
2009
Zheng, Y-F.Yang, X-Y., Sun, W-D., Zhang, X., Zheng, Y-F.Geochemical constraints on the genesis of the Bayan Obo Fe Nb REE deposit in the Inner Mongolia, China.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, 5, March 1, pp. 1417-1436.China, MongoliaCarbonatite
DS201012-0868
2010
Zheng, Y-F.Xu, Y., Song, S., Zheng, Y-F.Evidence from pyroxenite xenoliths for subducted lower oceanic crust in subcontinental lithospheric mante,Goldschmidt 2010 abstracts, abstractMantleSubduction
DS201112-0176
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Chen, R-X., Zheng, Y-F.Timing of dehydration melting and fluid flow during continental subduction zone metamorphism in the Dabie orogen.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.655.ChinaUHP
DS201112-0178
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Chen, Y.X., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, R-X., Zhang, S-B., Li, Q., Dai, M., Chen, L.Metamorphic growth and recrystallization of zircons in extremely 18 O depleted rocks during eclogite facies metamorphism: evidence from U-Pb ages, trace elements and O-Hf isotopes.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 75, 17, pp. 4877-4898.MantleMetamorphic zircons
DS201112-0179
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Chen, Y-X., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, R-X.Metamorphic growth and recrystallization of zircons in negative delta 18 O metamorphic rocks: a combined study of U-Pb dating, trace elements and O-Hf isotopes.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.658.ChinaSulu orogen UHP
DS201112-0233
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Dai, L-Q., Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F.Zircon Hf-O isotope evidence for crust mantle interaction during continental deep subduction.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.713.ChinaDabie Orogen, geochronology
DS201112-0234
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Dai, L-Q., Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F., Li, Q., Yang, Y., Dai, M.Zircon Hf-O isotope evidence for crust mantle interaction during continental deep subduction.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 308, 1-2, pp. 229-244.MantleSubduction
DS201112-0345
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Gao, X-Y., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, Y-X.U Pb ages and trace elements in metamorphic zircon and titanate from UHP eclogite in the Dabie Orogen: constraints on P-T-t path.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, in press availableChinageochronology
DS201112-0346
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Gao, X-Y., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, Y-X.U-Pb ages and trace elements in metamorphic zircon and titanite from UHP eclogite in the Dabie orogen: constraints on P-T-t path.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 721-740.ChinaUHP
DS201112-0947
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Sheng, Y-M., Zheng, Y-F.Partial melting and element transfer during continental subduction zone metamorphism: geochemical insights from leucosome within UHP eclogite in the Dabie Orogen.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.1854.ChinaUHP
DS201112-1053
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Tong, L., Jahn, B-M., Zheng, Y-F.Diverse P-T paths of the northern Dabie complex in central Chin a and its reworking in the early Cretaceous.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 42, 4, pp. 633-640.Asia, ChinaUHP
DS201112-1126
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Xia, Q-X., Zheng, Y-F., Lu, X-N.Multistage growth of garnet in UHP metagranite in the Dabie orogen.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.2188.ChinaUHP
DS201112-1171
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Zheng, Y-F., Gao, X-Y., Chen, R-X., Gao, T.Zr in rutile thermometry of eclogite in the Dabie orogen: constraints on rutile growth during continental subduction zone metamorphism.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 40, 2, Jan. pp. 427-451.ChinaSubduction
DS201112-1172
2011
Zheng, Y-F.Zhou, L-G., Xia, Q-X., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, R-X.Multistage growth of garnet in ultrahigh pressure eclogite during continental collision in the Dabie Orogen: constrained by trace elements and U Pb ages.Lithos, Vol. 127, 1-2, pp. 101-127.ChinaUHP
DS201212-0138
2012
Zheng, Y-F.Dai, L-Q., Zhao, Z-F., Zheng, Y-F., Zhang, J.The nature of orogenic lithospheric mantle: geochemical constraints from Post collisional mafic-ultramafic rocks in the Dabie orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 334, pp. 99-121.ChinaUHP
DS201212-0644
2012
Zheng, Y-F.Sheg, Y-M., Zheng, Y-F., Li, S-N., Hu, Z.Element mobility during continental collision: insights from polymineralic metamorphic vein within UHP eclogite in the Dabie Orgoen.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, in press availableChinaUHP
DS201312-0379
2013
Zheng, Y-F.Hermann, J., Zheng, Y-F., Rubatto, D.Deep fluids in subducted continental crust.Elements, Vol. 9, 4, pp. 281-288.MantleSubduction
DS201312-0985
2013
Zheng, Y-F.Wu, Y-B., Zheng, Y-F.Tectonic evolution of a composite collision orogen: an overview on the Qinling-Tongbai Hongan Dabie Sulu orogenic belt in central China.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 4, pp. 1402-1428.ChinaUHP
DS201412-0122
2014
Zheng, Y-F.Chen, Y-X., Zheng, Y-F., Gao, X-Y., Hu, Z.Multiphase solid inclusions in zoisite bearing eclogite: evidence for partial melting of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks during continental collision.Lithos, Vol. 200-201, pp. 1-21.ChinaSulu UHP
DS201412-0123
2014
Zheng, Y-F.Chen, Y-X., Zheng, Y-F., Gao, X-Y., Hu, Z.Multiphase solid inclusions in zoisite bearing eclogite: evidence for partial melting of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks during continental collision.Lithos, Vol. 200-201, pp. 1-21.MantleEclogite
DS201412-0266
2014
Zheng, Y-F.Gao, X-Y., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, Y-X., Hu, Z.Composite carbonate and silicate multiphase solid inclusions in metamorphic garnet from ultrahigh-P eclogite in the Dabie orogen.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 32, 9, pp. 961-980.ChinaSubduction
DS201802-0249
2018
Zheng, Y-F.Li, H-Y., Chen, R-X., Zheng, Y-F., Hu, Z.Water in garnet pyroxenite from the Sulu orogen: implications for crust mantle interaction in continental subduction zones.Chemical Geology, Vol. 478, pp. 18-38.Chinasubduction

Abstract: Mineral water contents, together with the major and trace element compositions of minerals and whole-rock, were determined for garnet pyroxenites enclosed by ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic gneiss at Hujialin in the Sulu orogen. The garnet pyroxenites have low SiO2 contents of 40.25 to 46.68 wt% and MgO contents of 10.99 to 14.79 wt%. They are characterized by enrichment in LREE and LILE (Ba, Sr, Pb) but depletion in HFSE (Nb, Zr) and HREE. They were generated in the Triassic by metasomatic reaction of the mantle wedge peridotite with hydrous felsic melts derived from partial melting of the deeply subducted continental crust. Measured water contents vary from 523 to 1213 ppm for clinopyroxene, and 55 to 1476 ppm for garnet. These mineral water contents are not only correlated with mineral major and trace element abundances but also relatively homogenous within single mineral grains. Such features preclude significant disturbance of the mineral water contents during pyroxenite exhumation from the mantle depth to the surface and thus indicate preservation of the primary water contents for the UHP metasomatites. The garnet pyroxenites are estimated to have bulk water contents of 424-660 ppm, which are higher than those for the MORB source, similar to or higher than those for the OIB sources and close to the lower limit for the arc magma source. The relationships between contents of mineral water and some elements suggest that the high water contents of garnet pyroxenites are primarily determined by the abundance of water-rich clinopyroxene. Garnet also has the high water contents, suggesting its importance in hosting water at mantle depths. Calculated whole-rock H2O/Ce ratios are 63-145, higher than those for Hawaiian garnet pyroxenites and SWIR abyssal pyroxenites. These observations suggest that metasomatic pyroxene-rich lithologies have the capacity to contribute high H2O concentrations and variable H2O/Ce ratios to the mantle. This lends support to the interpretation that the source of some intraplate basalts may be a heterogeneous mixture of peridotite and pyroxenite. On the other hand, the high water contents of garnet pyroxenites suggest that the presence of ultramafic metasomatites in the mantle wedge would enhance its water storage and thus reduce the water transport into deeper mantle by subduction.
DS201912-2838
2019
Zheng, Y-F.Zhou, K., Chen, Y-X., Zhang, S-B., Zheng, Y-F.Zircon evidence for the Eoarchean ( ~3.7 Ga) crustal remnant in the Sulu orogen, eastern China.Precambrian Research, Vol. 337, 18p. PdfChinageochemistry

Abstract: Zircon provides one of the best records of the formation and reworking of continental crust in the early Earth. However, Hadean to Eoarchean zircons are relatively scarce worldwide. Here we present the first report of relict Eoarchean magmatic zircons in granitic gneisses from the Sulu Orogen, eastern China. Based on internal structures, trace element contents, and U-Pb ages, we identified four groups of zircon domains with U-Pb ages of?~?3.7?Ga (Group I), ~2.1?Ga (Group II), ~790?Ma (Group III), and?~720?Ma (Group IV). Group I domains exhibit variable Th/U ratios, steep HREE patterns, and negative Eu anomalies. They yield lower intercept U-Pb ages of 1.82-1.95?Ga and discordia upper intercept ages of 3.65-3.69?Ga that are similar to the oldest concordant spot age of 3680?±?29?Ma. This indicates their growth from an Eoarchean magma and reworking during the Paleoproterozoic. The oldest Eoarchean domains with U-Pb ages of 3606?±?28 to 3680?±?29?Ma have low P contents of 216-563?ppm and high (Y?+?REE)/P molar ratios of 1.13-3.34, consistent with an igneous source. They show ?Hf(t) values of -2.8 to -0.9 at 3.67?Ga and TCHUR2 ages of 3.7-4.0?Ga, suggesting the growth of juvenile crust during the early Eoarchean. Group II to IV domains have consistent TDM2 ages of 2.6-3.0?Ga, suggesting that they grew during multiple reworkings of the Archean crust. Group II domains have variable Th/U ratios and steep to flattened HREE patterns that suggest growth during Paleoproterozoic crustal anatexis. Groups III and IV zircon domains have Th/U ratios and trace element contents that indicate growth from magmas that formed during Neoproterozoic continental rifting. In view of the unique feature of Neoproterozoic rifting magmatism in South China, the relict Eoarchean magmatic zircons would have originated in the Yangtze Craton and then undergone multiple phases of reworking during the Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic. The results indicate the presence of?~3.7?Ga relict magmatic zircons in the Sulu Orogen, and they represent the oldest remnants of crustal material in the Yangtze Craton.
DS201312-1008
2013
Zheng, Y-L.Zeng, X-Q., Zheng, Y-L., Yang, Z-J., Ai, Hu, Q.Study on the micro-FTIR and raman spectra of the alluvial diamonds from Yangtze craton and their geological significance.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, Vol. 33, no. 10.pp. 2694-2699.ChinaAlluvials
DS202110-1624
2021
Zheng, Y-Y.Long, Z-Y., Yu, X-Y., Jiang, X., Guo, B-J., Ma, C-Y., You, Y., Zheng, Y-Y.Fluid boiling and fluid-rock interaction as primary triggers for emerald deposition: insights from the Dayakou emerald deposit ( China).Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 139, 104454, 15p. PdfChinaemerald

Abstract: The formation of tectonic magmatic-related emerald deposits necessarily invokes a mixing model of Be-rich granitic rocks and Cr and/or V-rich surrounding rocks. However, there has been continuing debate on the deposit genesis, with the essential controversy being the relative significance of magma versus metamorphism in mineralizing as well as the key triggers for emerald deposition. The Dayakou emerald deposit genetically related to the Cretaceous granitic magmatism and hosted within the Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks is an ideal study case to probe into the above outstanding issue. In this paper, three hydrothermal mineralization and related alteration stages have been recognized in Dayakou, comprised of the greisenization and early emerald mineralization in high-temperature hydrothermal condition (stage-I; peak at 380 °C to 480 °C), the silicification and main emerald mineralization in medium-high temperature fluid (stage-II; peak at 300 °C to 360 °C) and the late carbonate alteration and scheelite mineralization (stage-III). Analysis results of fluid inclusion and C-H-O isotopes of emeralds and associated minerals suggest that ore-forming fluids belong to the H2O-NaCl ± CO2 system with minor H2S, CH4, and N2, exsolved from the Cretaceous granites and gradually interacted with the surrounding metamorphic rocks. We combine the new data with those reported in earlier studies to further propose a genesis scenario for the Dayakou deposit, in which Be-bearing fluids originally exsolved from peraluminous melts and fluoride complexes may be an effective transport proxy for Be in hydrothermal fluids. Fluid boiling during fluid ascent leads to the significant fractionation and enrichment of elements and the escape of volatiles (e.g., HF, H2O, CO2) in ore system. Meanwhile, sustained fluid-rock interaction (e.g., greisenization) increasingly extracts Cr, V and Ca into fluids to facilitate mineral precipitation, wherein the crystallization of fluoride minerals would cause the destabilization of Be-F complexes. Our study indicates that fluid boiling and fluid-rock interactions are the primary triggers for emerald deposition.
DS201212-0828
2012
Zheng, Z.Zheng, Z., Romanowicz, B.Do double 'SS precursors' mean double discontinuities?Geophysical Journal International, in press availableMantleDiscontinuity
DS201212-0829
2012
Zheng, Z.Zheng, Z., Romanowicz, B.Do double 'SS precursors' mean double discontinuities?Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 191, 3, pp. 1361-1371.MantleDiscontinuity
DS200512-1258
2005
Zheng Fu, G.Zheng Fu, G., Hertogen, J., Liu, J., Pasteels, A., Boven, L., Punzalan, H., Xiangiun, L., Zhang, W.Potassic magmatism in western Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces, SE Tibet, China: petrological and geochemical constraints on petrogenesis.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 46, 1, pp. 33-78.China, TibetMagmatism
DS1990-0956
1990
Zheng JianpingLu Fengxiang, Ren Yingxin, Zheng Jianping, Taylor, L.A.Green garnets from Liaoning kimberlite, ChinaInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 493-494ChinaMineralogy -garnets, Liaoning
DS1991-1017
1991
Zheng JianpingLu Fengxiang, Zheng Jianping, Zhao Lei, Zhang HongfuPalaeozoic lithosphere mantle feature beneath Fuxian, LiaoningProvince, China: the information from No. 50 kimberlite pipeProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 248-250ChinaGeochronology, geochemistry, mineralogy, xenolith, Teiling, Fuxian
DS1995-2142
1995
Zheng Xiang LiZheng Xiang Li, Linghua Zhang, Powell, C. McA.South Chin a in Rodinia: part of the missing link between Australia - East Antarctica and Laurentia.Geology, Vol. 23, No. 5, May pp. 407-410.China, AntarcticaGondwanaland, Tectonics
DS1995-2143
1995
Zheng Xiang LiZheng Xiang Li, Zhang, L., Powell, C. McA.South Chin a in Rodinia: part of the missing link between Australia -East Antarctica and Laurentia?Geology, Vol. 23, No. 5, May pp. 407-410ChinaCraton, Gondwanaland
DS1988-0040
1988
Zheng YuBardinet, C., Gabert, G., Monget, J-M, Zheng YuApplication of multisatellite dat a to thematic mapping #2Geol. Jahrb, Vol. 67, Sect. B., 74p. coloured mapsTanzaniaRemote Sensing, Tectonics
DS1988-0041
1988
Zheng YuBardinet, C., Gabert, G., Monget, J-M., Zheng YuApplication of multisatellite dat a to thematic mapping #1Geol. Jahrb, Heft 67, sect. B., 74p. maps approx. 25.00 Database # 1TanzaniaRemote sensing, Structure
DS202010-1838
2020
Zhengwei, L.Deng, L., Geng, X., Liu, Y., Zong, K., Zhu, L., Zhengwei, L., Hu, Z., Guodong, Z., Guangfu, C.Lithospheric modification by carbonatitic to alkaline melts and deep carbon cycle: insights from peridotite xenoliths of eastern China.Lithos, in press available 38p. PdfChinacarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonates in subducting oceanic slabs can survive beyond slab dehydration and be transferred into the deep mantle. Such deep carbon cycling plays a critical role in generating carbonatitic to alkaline melts. However, whether and how this process has influenced the lithospheric mantle still remains enigmatic. To address these issues, here we provide a detailed petrographic, in-situ chemical and Sr isotopic study on two mantle xenoliths (a wehrlite and a melt pocket-bearing peridotite) entrained by the Changle Miocene basalts from the eastern China. The Changle wehrlite contains carbonate melt inclusions and apatites and is merely enriched in clinopyroxene relative to the lherzolites. The clinopyroxenes are characterized by high (La/Yb)N (4.7-41) and low Ti/Eu (873-2292) ratios and equilibrated with carbonated silicate melt-like compositions. These petrographic and chemical features indicate that the wehrlite was formed by reaction between peridotite and carbonated silicate melts. On the other hand, the Changle melt pocket-bearing peridotite is suggested to have been produced by in-situ melting/breakdown of amphiboles of an amphibole-rich dunite. Low olivine Fo (~89), presence of amphiboles with high (La/Yb)N (~50) and low Ti/Eu (~1070) ratios suggest that such amphibole-rich dunite would have been formed by reaction of peridotite with hydrous alkaline basaltic melts from a carbonated mantle. Our data, combined with previously reported data of the Changle lherzolite xenoliths, unravel a series of mantle metasomatisms by carbonatitic to alkaline melts from carbonated mantle sources. The consistently high 87Sr/86Sr ratios (up to 0.7036) of the clinopyroxenes in both the wehrlites and lherzolites indicate the carbonate components in the mantle sources were derived from the stagnant Pacific slab within the Mantle Transition Zone. This study provides a fresh perspective on the role of deep carbon cycling from subducted oceanic slabs in chemical modification of intracontinental lithospheric mantle through reaction with different types of melts.
DS200812-1325
2008
Zheng-Xue, A.L.Zheng-Xue, A.L., Lee, C-T.A., Peslier, A.H., Lenardic, A., Mackwell, S.J.Water contents in mantle xenoliths from the Colorado Plateau and vicinity: implications for mantle rheology and hydration induced thinning of continental lithosph.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113. B09210United States, Colorado PlateauPeridotite
DS201312-0992
2013
Zhenh, Y-l.Yang, Z-j., Liang, R., Zeng, X-q., Ge, T-y., Al Qun, Zhenh, Y-l., Peng, M-s.Study on the micro-infrared spectra and origin of polycrystalline diamonds from Mengyin kimberlite pipes.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, Vol. 32, 8, pp. 1512-1518.ChinaDeposit - Mengyin
DS1991-0443
1991
ZhenhaiEnkin, R.J., Yan Chen, Courtillot, V., Besse, J., Lisheng Xing, ZhenhaiA Cretaceous pole from South Chin a and the Mesozoic hairpin turn of the Eurasian apparent Polar wander pathJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 96, No. B3, March 10, pp. 4007-4027ChinaPaleomagnetism
DS1994-1990
1994
ZheninZhenin, DongIndicator minerals for diamond in kimberlites9th. IAGOD held Beijing, Aug.12-18., Vol. 1, p. 267-268. abstractChinaDiamond genesis
DS1989-0821
1989
Zhenlin LiKomar, P.D., Clemens, K.E., Zhenlin Li, Shyuer-Ming ShihThe effects of selective sorting on factor analyses of heavy mineralassemblagesJournal of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 59, No. 4, July pp. 590-596GlobalSampling, Heavy minerals
DS1992-1739
1992
Zhen-Ming JinZhen-Ming Jin, Green, H.W., Borch, R.S., Shu-Yan Jin, Tingle, T.N.Rare garnet and spinel garnet peridotite xenoliths -token of a modern back-arc geotherm beneath eastern ChinaInternational Symposium Cenozoic Volcanic Rocks Deep seated xenoliths China and its, Abstracts pp. 67-68ChinaXenoliths, Peridotite
DS1993-1819
1993
Zhenxin, D.Zhenxin, D.Mineral inclusions in diamonds (ICAM 1993)International Congress on Applied Mineralogy, ICAM93, held Fremantle, pp. 289-290.ChinaMineralogy
DS200512-1263
2005
Zhenyu, C.Zhenyu, C., Yuchuan, C., Denghong, W., Xu, J., Zhou, J.Rutiles in eclogite from the Sulu UHPM terrane: a preliminary study.Mineral deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. 8th Biennial SGA Beijing, Aug. 18-22, 2005. Springer, Chapter 7-3, pp. 731-734.ChinaUHP
DS200612-1611
2006
Zhenyu, C.Zhenyu, C., Jinjie, Y.Trace elements of rutile in eclogites from Sulu UHPM terrane, China.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 21, abstract only.ChinaUHP, geochemistry
DS200612-1612
2006
Zhenyu, C.Zhenyu, C., Yuchuan, C., Denghong, W., Jue, X., Jianxiong, Z.Rutiles in eclogites from the Sulu UHPM terrane: a preliminary study.Maor & Bierlein eds. Understanding ore systems through precise geochronology, isotope tracing, microgeochem., Chapter 7-36, pp.861-864.ChinaUHP
DS1995-1147
1995
ZherdevMahotkin, I.L., Sublukov, S.M., Zhuralev, D.Z., ZherdevGeochemistry and Strontium, neodymium composition of kimberlites, melilitites, and basalts from Arkangelsk region.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 342-344.Russia, ArkangelskGeochemistry, Deposit -Winter Cost, Nenoksa, Chidvia, Verhotinskoiy
DS1991-0860
1991
Zherdev, P.Y.Kharkiv, A.D., Zherdev, P.Y., Makhotkin, I.L., Sheremeev, V.F.Pecularities of diamond bearing pipe substance composition Majhgawan(Central India).(Russian)Izvest. Akad. Nauk SSSR, ser. geol., (Russian), No. 3, March pp. 123-132IndiaDiamond genesis, Deposit -Majhgawan
DS1993-0961
1993
Zherdev, P.Y.Makhotkin, T.L., Zherdev, P.Y.New dat a on alkaline-ultrabasic rocks of pipes from Arkhangelsk region.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 329, No. 4, April pp. 484-489.Russia, Yakutia, RussiaAlkaline rocks
DS1991-0861
1991
Zherdev, P.Yu.Kharkiv, A.D., Zherdev, P.Yu., Makhotkin, I.L., Sheremeyev, V.F.Composition of the diamond bearing rocks of the Majhgawan pipe, centralIndiaInternational Geology Review, Vol. 33, No. 3, March pp. 269-278IndiaPipes, Mineral chemistry
DS1995-1148
1995
Zherdev, P.Yu.Makhotkin, I.L., Zherdev, P.Yu.New dat a on the composition of alkalic ultramafic rocks of explosion pipes in Arkhangelsk oblast.Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 330, No. 4, May pp. 145-149.Russia, ArkangelskUltramafic, Dike
DS2003-1012
2003
Zhesheng, M.Nicheng, S., Wenji, B., Zhesheng, M., Qingsong, F., Ming, X., Binggang, Y.An x ray diffraction study of an inclusion in diamond from the Luobusha chromiteActa Geologica Sinica, Vol. 77, 3, pp. 326-331.ChinaDiamond - inclusion
DS200412-1433
2003
Zhesheng, M.Nicheng, S., Wenji, B., Zhesheng, M., Qingsong, F., Ming, X., Binggang, Y., Mingquan, D., Jingsui, Y.An x ray diffraction study of an inclusion in diamond from the Luobusha chromite deposit in Tibet, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 77, 3, pp. 326-331.ChinaDiamond - inclusion
DS1994-0176
1994
ZhguralevBogatikov, O.A., Kononova, V.A., Pervov, V.A., ZhguralevPetrogenesis of Mesozoic potassic magmatism of the central Aldan: a isotopic and geodynamic model.International Geology Review, Vol. 36, No. 7, July pp. 629-644.Russia, AldanAlkalic rocks, Geochronology
DS1989-1432
1989
Zhi, X.Song, Y., Zhi, X., Frey, F.A.The geochemistry of basalts and mantle xenoliths From the Hannouba eastern China: implications for petrogenesis and the composition of subcont.mantleNew Mexico Bureau of Mines Bulletin., Continental Magmatism Abstract Volume, Held, Bulletin. No. 131, p. 250. AbstractChinaXenoliths
DS2001-1313
2001
Zhi, X.Zhi, X., Peng, Z., Chen, D.The longevity of subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath Jiangsu Anhui region - the OS isotope model ageScience in China Series D Earth Science, Vol. 44, No. 12, pp. 1110-18.ChinaGeochronology, Mantle derived peridotite xenoliths
DS200612-1154
2005
Zhi, X.Reisberg, L., Zhi, X., Lorand, J.P., Wagner, C., Peng, Z., Zimmermann, C.Re Os S systematics of spinel peridotite xenoliths from east central China: evidence for contrasting effects of melt percolation.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 239, 3-4, pp. 286-308.ChinaGeochronology
DS200812-0207
2008
Zhi, X.Chen, D., Meng, Q., Ni, T., Zhi, X.Re Os and Lu Hf isotope evidence for the genesis of pyroxenite from northern Dabie ultrahigh pressure complex belt, eastern central China.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A154.ChinaDabie Orogen, UHP
DS200912-0862
2009
Zhi, X.Zheng, L.,Zhi, X., Reisberg, L.Re-Os systematics of the Raobazhai peridotite massifs from the Dabie orgenic zone, eastern China.Chemical Geology, Vol. 268, 1-2, Oct. 20, pp. 1-14.ChinaUHP
DS200812-1053
2008
Zhi, X.C.Shi, R.D., Ding, B.H., Zhi, X.C., Zhao, G.C.Re Os isotope constraints on the genesis of the Luliangshan garnet peridotites in the North Qaidam UHP belt, Tibet.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A857.Asia, TibetUHP
DS200712-0588
2007
Zhidikova, A.P.Kuskov, O.L., Kronrod, V.A., Zhidikova, A.P.Composition, temperature, and thickness of the lithosphere of the Kaapvaal Craton.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A532.Africa, South AfricaGeothermometry
DS1992-1740
1992
Zhidkov, A. Ya.Zhidkov, A. Ya., Zotova, L.F.A comparative analysis of the Synnyr and Khibiny alkaline plutonsInternational Geology Review, Vol. 34, No. 2, February pp. 156-165RussiaAlkaline rocks
DS1990-1141
1990
Zhidkov, A.Ya.Orlova, M.P., Zhidkov, A.Ya.Classification and nomenclature of plagioclase free alkaline plutonicrocksInternational Geology Review, Vol. 32, No. 6, June pp. 601-607RussiaAlkaline rocks, Kalsilite
DS1994-1314
1994
Zhidkov, A.Ya.Orlova, M.P., Zhidkov, A.Ya., Orlov, D.M., Zotova, I.F.The internal structure and formation of the Synnyr Alkali intrusionGeochemistry International, Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 86-106.RussiaAlkaline rocks, Synnyr
DS201412-0803
2014
Zhidkov, G.V.Shcherbakova, V.V., Shcherbakov, V.P., Zhidkov, G.V., Lubnina, N.V.Paleointensity determinations on rocks from Paleoproterozoic dykes from the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 197, pp. 1371-1381.Africa, South AfricaGeomagnetism
DS1994-0903
1994
Zhikharem V.P.Kharkiv, A.D., Klochkov, J.K., Zhikharem V.P., Zudin, N.G.Garnets with included diamonds from kimberlites of Krasnopresnenskaya pipeAlakit-Markhinsk field.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Nauk. USSR, (Russian), Vol. 336, No. 6, July, pp. 803-806.Russia, YakutiaDiamond inclusions, Deposit -Krasnopresnenskaya
DS1980-0052
1980
ZhikharevaBartoshininskii, A.V., Efimova, E.S., ZhikharevaThe Crystal Morphology of Garnet Inclusions in Natural DiamondsRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 9-17.RussiaDiamond Inclusions - Garnet
DS1980-0355
1980
Zhikhareva, V.P.Zhikhareva, V.P., et al.Morphology of Cataltically Etched Naturally Occurring Diamonds.Mineral. Zh., Vol.2, No. 4, PP. 80-83.RussiaMicrodiamonds
DS1986-0897
1986
Zhikhareva, V.P.Zhikhareva, V.P.A comparative study of natural etched crystals of diamond from placers Of the Yakut Diamondiferous province (USSR).(Russian)Mineral. Sb. (Lvov), (Russian), Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 62-64RussiaBlank
DS1987-0831
1987
Zhikhareva, V.P.Zhikhareva, V.P., Zudin, N.G.Catalytic oxidation of diamond in one of the pipes Of the Alakit-Markhin kimberlite formation.(Russian)Mineral. Sbornik (L'Vov), (Russian), Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 64-66RussiaGoniometry, genesis, Deposit - Alakit-Markhin
DS1996-0739
1996
Zhikhareva, V.P.Kharkiv, A.D., Klochkov, I.K., Zhikhareva, V.P., ZudinGarnets with diamond inclusions from the Krasnopresnenskaya kimberlite pipe Alakite -Markha fieldDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 339, No. 8, Jan., pp. 138-142.Russia, YakutiaDiamond inclusions, Deposit -Krasnopresenskaya
DS201412-0932
2015
Zhikhareva, V.P.Titkov, S.V., Mineeva, R.M., Zudina, N.N., Sergeev, A.M., Ryabchikov, I.D., Shiryaev, A.A., Speransky, A.V., Zhikhareva, V.P.The luminescent nature of orange coloration in natural diamonds: optical and EPR study.Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 42, 2, pp. 131-141.TechnologyDiamond - spectroscopy
DS201503-0180
2015
Zhikhareva, V.P.Titkov, S.V., Mineeva, R.M., Zudina, N.N., Sergeev, A.M., Ryabchikov, I.D., Shiryaev, A.A., Speransky, A.V., Zhikhareva, V.P.The luminescent nature of orange coloration in natural diamonds: optical and EPR study.Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, Vol. 42, 2, pp. 131-144.TechnologyDiamond Colour
DS201312-0405
2013
Zhili, Q.Hua, C., Zhili, Q., Taijin, L., Stern, R., Stachel, T., Yuan, S., Jian, Z., Jie, K., Shyu, P., Shecai, Q.Variations in carbon isotopic composition in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Yangtze and North Chin a cratons; evidence from in-situ analysis of diamonds using SIMS.Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 58, 1, pp. 99-107ChinaCraton
DS1996-0194
1996
Zhiliang, C.Burchfiel, B.C., Zhiliang, C., Royden, L.H.Tectonics of the Longmen Shan and adjacent regions, central ChinaInternational Geology Review, Vol. 37, No. 8, Aug. pp. 661-735.ChinaTectonics
DS200412-2221
2003
Zhiliang, W.Zhaochong, Z., Jingwen, M., Robinson, P.T., Zhou, M.F., Guochao, Z., Jianmin, Y., Zhiliang, W., Zuoheng, Z.The Aoyougou mafic ultramafic complex in the North Qilian Mountains northwest China: a possible middle Proterozoic ophiolite aloInternational Geology Review, Vol. 45, 9, pp. 841-856.ChinaMagmatism
DS200412-1317
2004
Zhilicheva, O.M.Mineeva, R.M., Speranskii, A.V., Titkov, S.V., Zhilicheva, O.M., Bershov, L.V., Bogatikov, O.A., KudryavtsevaSpectroscopic and morphological characteristics of diamonds from the Grib kimberlite pipe.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 394, 1, Jan-Feb. pp. 96-99.Russia, Kola Peninsula, ArchangelDiamond morphology, deposit - Grib
DS1990-0520
1990
Zhiljaeva, V.A.Garanin, V.K., Zhiljaeva, V.A., Kudrjavtseva, G.P., MikhailichenkoMineralogy of ferrimagnetic oxides and magnetic properties of Kimberlites and lamproitesInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 29-30RussiaMineralogy -oxides, Lamproites, kimberlites
DS1996-1606
1996
Zhilong, H.Zhilong, H., et al.Geochemistry of alkaline ultrabasic rocks in the Jijie Complex, Lufeng, Yunnan.Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, ENG., Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 61-71.ChinaAlkaline rocks, Jijie Complex
DS2003-0249
2003
Zhilong, H.Cheng, X., Zhilong, H.,Congqiang, L., Liang, Q., Wenbo, L., Tao, G.PGE geochemistry of carbonatites in Maoniuping REE deposit, Sichuan ProvinceGeochemical Journal, Vol. 37, 391-399.ChinaBlank
DS200412-0321
2003
Zhilong, H.Cheng, X., Zhilong, H.,Congqiang, L., Liang, Q., Wenbo, L., Tao, G.PGE geochemistry of carbonatites in Maoniuping REE deposit, Sichuan Province, China: preliminary study.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 37, 391-399.ChinaCarbonatite, geochemistry
DS1984-0740
1984
Zhilyaeva, A.A.Trukhin, V.I., Zhilyaeva, A.A., Zhilyayeva, V.A., Savrasov, D.I.Self reversal of thermoremanent magnetization in rocks from Yakutian kimberlite pipes.(Russian)Physics of the Solid Earth, Vol. 20, No. 11, pp. 849-857GlobalGeophysics
DS1986-0265
1986
Zhilyaeva, V.A.Garanin, V.K., Zhilyaeva, V.A., Kudyavtskaya, G.P., Savrasov, D.I.Fanciful cuts created by laser sawingGems and Gemology, Vol. XXII Fall, p. 170GlobalDiamond cutting
DS1986-0266
1986
Zhilyaeva, V.A.Garanin, V.K., Zhilyaeva, V.A., Kudyavtskaya, G.P., Savrasov, D.I.Mineralogical factors of magnetism of kimberlite rocks.(Russian)Izvest. Annual Nauka Geol., (Russian), No. 11, November pp. 82-100RussiaGeophysics
DS1984-0741
1984
Zhilyaye, V.A.Trukhin, V.I., Zhilyaye, V.A., et al.Magnetic Properties of Rocks from the Yakutian Kimberlitic Pipes.Geol. I. Geofiz., No. 9, SEPTEMBER PP. 57-70.RussiaKimberlite, Geophysics
DS1984-0742
1984
Zhilyaye, V.A.Trukhin, V.I., Zhilyaye, V.A., Savrasov, D.I., et al.Self Reversal of Thermoremanent Magnetization in Rocks From the Yakutia Kimberlite Pipes.Geologii i Geofiziki, No. 11, NOVEMBER PP. 78-89.RussiaGeophysics, Kimberlite
DS1984-0740
1984
Zhilyayeva, V.A.Trukhin, V.I., Zhilyaeva, A.A., Zhilyayeva, V.A., Savrasov, D.I.Self reversal of thermoremanent magnetization in rocks from Yakutian kimberlite pipes.(Russian)Physics of the Solid Earth, Vol. 20, No. 11, pp. 849-857GlobalGeophysics
DS1985-0681
1985
Zhilyayeva, V.A.Trukhin, V.I., Zhilyayeva, V.A., Katerenchuk, A.V., Savrasov, D.I.The Magnetism of Rocks from the Yakutia Kimberlite PipesPhysics of the Solid Earth, Vol. 20, No. 9, April pp. 689-698RussiaGeophysics
DS1991-1751
1991
Zhilyayeva, V.A.Trukhin, V.I., Verichev, E.M., Garanin, V.K., Zhilyayeva, V.A.Magnetomineralogy of kimberlite type rocks at the South European part Of the USSR.(Russian)Izvest. Akad. Nauk SSSR, (Russian), No. 7, July pp. 39-51RussiaKimberlite, Mineralogy, geophysics, magnetics
DS201510-1780
2015
Zhimuev, E.I.Korsakov, A.V., Zhimuev, E.I., Mikhailenko, D.S., Demin, S.P., Kozmenko, O.A.Graphite pseudomorphs after diamonds: an experimental study of graphite morphology and the role of H2O in the graphitization process.Lithos, Vol. 236-237, pp. 16-26.TechnologyGraphite
DS2001-1105
2001
ZhimulevSonin, V.M., Zhimulev, Fedorov, Tomilenko, ChepurovEtching of diamond crystals in a dry silicate melt at high pressure-temperature parameters.Geochemistry International, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 268-74.GlobalDiamond - experimental petrology, Morphogenesis
DS2003-1315
2003
Zhimulev, .I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, .I., Chepurov, A.I., Afanesev, V.P., Tomileno, A.A.Etching of diamond crystals in the system silicate melt C O H S fluid under a highGeochemistry International, Vol. 41, 7, pp. 688-93.GlobalDiamond - morphology
DS200412-1881
2003
Zhimulev, .I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, .I., Chepurov, A.I., Afanesev, V.P., Tomileno, A.A.Etching of diamond crystals in the system silicate melt C O H S fluid under a high pressure.Geochemistry International, Vol. 41, 7, pp. 688-93.TechnologyDiamond - morphology
DS200712-1018
2007
Zhimulev, E.Sonin, V., Zhimulev, E., Afanasev, V., Fedorov, I., Cheperov, A.Diamond interaction with silicate melts in a hydrogen atmosphere.Geochemistry International, Vol. 45, 4, pp. 399-404.TechnologyMelting
DS200712-1019
2007
Zhimulev, E.Sonin, V., Zhimulev, E., Afanasev, V., Fedorov, I., Cheperov, A.Diamond interaction with silicate melts in a hydrogen atmosphere.Geochemistry International, Vol. 45, 4, pp. 399-404.TechnologyMelting
DS200712-1020
2006
Zhimulev, E.Sonin, V., Zhimulev, E., Fedorov, I., Cheperov, A.Effect of oxygen fugacity on the etching rate of diamond crystals in silicate melt.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 48, 6, pp. 499-501.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS200712-1021
2006
Zhimulev, E.Sonin, V., Zhimulev, E., Fedorov, I., Cheperov, A.Effect of oxygen fugacity on the etching rate of diamond crystals in silicate melt.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 48, 6, pp. 499-501.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS202002-0218
2019
Zhimulev, E.Sonin, V., Leech, M., Chepurov, A., Zhimulev, E., Chepurov, A.Why are diamonds preserved in UHP metamorphic complexes? Experimental evidence for the effect of pressure on diamond graphitization.International Geology Review, Vol. 61, 4, pp. 504-519.Russia, Chinacoesite, UHP

Abstract: The preservation of metastable diamond in ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) complexes challenges our understanding of the processes taking place during exhumation of these subduction zone complexes. The presence of diamonds in UHPM rocks implies that diamonds remained metastable during exhumation, and within thermodynamic stability of graphite for an extended period. This work studies the influence of pressure on the surface graphitization rate of diamond monocrystals in carbonate systems to understand the preservation of microdiamond during exhumation of UHP subduction complexes. Experiments were performed with 2-3 mm synthetic diamond monocrystals at 2-4 GPa in ????3 (1550°?) and ?2??3 (1450°?) melts using a high-pressure multi-anvil apparatus. The highest rate of surface graphitization took place at 2 GPa; diamond crystals were almost completely enveloped by a graphite coating. At 4 GPa, only octahedron-shaped pits formed on flat {111} diamond crystal faces. Our results demonstrate that the surface graphitization rate of diamonds in the presence of carbonate melts at 1450-1550°C increases with decreasing pressure. Decreased pressure alone can graphitize diamond regardless of exhumation rate. Metastable diamond inclusions survive exhumation with little or no graphitization because of excess pressure up to 2 GPa acting on them, and because inclusions are protected from interaction with C-O-H fluid.
DS202110-1606
2021
Zhimulev, E.Chepurov, A., Zhimulev, E., Chepurov, A., Sonin, V.Where did the largest diamonds grow? The experiments on percolation of Fe-Ni melt through olivine matrix in the presence of hydrocarbons.Lithos, Vol. 404-405, 106437, 10p. PdfMantlediamond genesis

Abstract: Recently it was found that large natural diamonds can grow from a metal liquid. One of the principal issues of the proposed hypothesis is the formation of so-called “pockets” filled with Fe-Ni melt and hydrocarbons in the Earth's mantle. The existing models of Fe migration imply percolation of liquid melt through interconnected interstices between silicate minerals, although these models face several fundamental problems in explaining the process of penetration of Fe melt between solid crystalline phases like silicate and oxide minerals. The aim of the present study is to contribute to the mechanism of Fe-Ni melt migration, and to elucidate the evolution of the "pockets" in the presence of hydrocarbons. The experiments were performed using a high-pressure apparatus "BARS" at pressures 3 and 5?GPa, and temperature 1600?°C. A silicate matrix consisting of natural olivine grains was used. The interstices in olivine were filled with anthracene that decomposes under high P-T into a complex hydrocarbon fluid. Percolation of Fe-Ni (64/36?wt%) melt through the interstices was demonstrated which occurred at relatively high rates. The basis of the proposed mechanism is "solubility-enhanced infiltration": Fe-Ni occupies the space filled with light elements or substances that are soluble in the melt. It is suggested that the following simple, but efficient mechanism supports the growth of large diamonds as well as their resorption and storage within silicate mantle of the Earth for a long time.
DS202112-1922
2021
Zhimulev, E.Chepurov, A., Sonin, V., Shcheglov, D., Zhimulev, E., Sitnikov, S., Yelisseyev, A., Chepurov, A.Surface porosity of natural crystals after the catalytic hydrogenation.Crystals, Vol. 11, 1341 9p pdfRussiadeposit - Popigai

Abstract: The study of diamond surfaces is traditionally undertaken in geology and materials science. As a sample material, two natural diamond crystals of type Ia were selected, and their luminescence and nitrogen state was characterized. In order to etch the surface catalytic hydrogenation was performed using Fe particles as an etchant. Micromorphology of the surface was investigated by scanning electron and laser confocal microscopy. It was demonstrated that etching occurred perpendicular to the crystal surface, with no signs of tangential etching. The average depth of caverns did not exceed 20-25 ?m with a maximal depth of 40 ?m. It is concluded that catalytic hydrogenation of natural type Ia diamonds is effective to produce a porous surface that can be used in composites or as a substrate material. Additionally, the comparison of results with porous microsculptures observed on natural impact diamond crystals from the Popigai astrobleme revealed a strong resemblance.
DS202112-1951
2021
Zhimulev, E.Sonin, V., Zhimulev, E., Chepurov, A., Gryaznov, I., Chepurov, A., Afanasiev, V., Poikilenko, N.Experimental etching of diamonds: extrapolation to impact diamonds from the Popigai Crater ( Russia)MDPI, Vol. 11, 11p. Pdf Russiadeposit - Popigai

Abstract: Diamond etching in high-temperature ambient-pressure experiments has been performed aimed to assess possible postimpact effects on diamonds in impact craters, for the case of the Popigai crater in Yakutia (Russia). The experiments with different etchants, including various combinations of silicate melts, air, and inert gases, demonstrated the diversity of microstructures on {111} diamond faces: negative or positive trigons, as well as hexagonal, round, or irregularly shaped etch pits and striation. The surface features obtained after etching experiments with kimberlitic diamonds are similar to those observed on natural impact diamonds with some difference due to the origin of the latter as a result of a martensitic transformation of graphite in target rocks. Extrapolated to natural impact diamonds, the experimental results lead to several inferences: (1) Diamond crystals experienced natural oxidation and surface graphitization during the pressure decrease after the impact event, while the molten target rocks remained at high temperatures. (2) Natural etching of diamonds in silicate melts is possible in a large range of oxidation states controlled by O2 diffusion. (3) Impact diamonds near the surface of molten target rocks oxidized at the highest rates, whereas those within the melt were shielded from the oxidizing agents and remained unchanged.
DS200812-1099
2008
Zhimulev, E.A.I.A.Sonin, V.A.M.A., Zhimulev, E.A.I.A., Chepurov, A.A.I.A., Fedorov, I.A.I.A.Diamond stability in NaCl and NaF melts at high pressure.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 420, 1, pp. 641-643.TechnologyUHP
DS2002-1528
2002
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Afanasev, V.P., Chepurov, A.I.Genetic aspects of the diamond morphologyGeology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 44, 4, pp. 291-299.GlobalDiamond - morphology, genesis
DS200412-1882
2004
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Tomilenko, A.A., Chepurov, S.A., Chepurov, A.I.Chromatographic study of diamond etching in kimberlitic melts in the context of diamond natural stability.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 46, 3, pp. 182-190.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS200412-2228
2004
Zhimulev, E.I.Zhimulev, E.I., Sonin, V.M., Fedorov, I.I., Tomilenko, A.A., Pkhilenko, L.N., Chepurov, A.I.Diamond stability with respect to oxidation in experiments with minerals from mantle xenoliths at high P T parameters.Geochemistry International, Vol. 42, 6, pp. 520-525.MantleDiamond morphology, etching
DS200612-0390
2006
Zhimulev, E.I.Fedorov, I.I., Chepurov, A.I., Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I.Experimental study of the effect of high pressure and high temperature on silicate and oxide inclusions in diamonds.Geochemistry International, Vol. 44, 10, pp. 1048-1052.TechnologyUHP, diamond inclusions
DS200712-0306
2006
Zhimulev, E.I.Fedorov, I.I., Chepurov, A.I., Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I.Experimental study of the effect of high pressure and high temperature on silicate and oxide inclusions in diamonds.Geochemistry International, Vol. 44, 10, pp. 1048-TechnologyUHP - diamond inclusions
DS200712-1022
2007
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Afanasev, V.P., Fedorov, I.I., Chepurov, A.I.Diamond interaction with silicate melts in a hydrogen atmosphere.Geochemistry International, Vol. 45, 4, pp. 399-404.MantleDiamond genesis
DS200712-1023
2006
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Fedorov, I.I., Chepurov, A.I.Effect of oxygen fugacity on the etching rate of diamond crystals in silicate melt.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 48, 6, pp. 499-501.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS200912-0111
2009
Zhimulev, E.I.Chepurov, A.I., Zhimulev, E.I., Eliseev, A.P., Sonin, V.M., Federov, I.I.The genesis of low - N diamonds.Geochemistry International, Vol. 47, 5, pp. 522-525.TechnologyType IIa
DS200912-0112
2009
Zhimulev, E.I.Chepurov, A.I., Zhimulev, E.I., Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.A., Pokhilenko, N.P.Crystallization of diamond in metal sulfide melts.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 428, 1, pp. 1139-1141.MantleDiamond morphology, geochemistry
DS200912-0863
2009
Zhimulev, E.I.Zhimulev, E.I., Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.I., Tomilenko, A.A.Chromatographic study of formation conditions of rhombododecahedral diamond crystals.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 51, 3, pp. 243-246.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS201012-0741
2010
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Chepurov, A.I., Afanasev, V.P., Pokhilenko, N.P.High pressure etching of diamond in chloride melt in the presence of aqueous fluid.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 434, 2, pp. 1359-1361.TechnologyUHP
DS201112-0182
2011
Zhimulev, E.I.Chepurov, A.I., Zhimulev, E.I., Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.A., Tomilenko, A.A., Pokilenko, N.P.Experimental estimation of the rate of gravitiation fractioning of xenocrysts in kimberlite magma at high P-T parameters.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 440, 2, pp. 1427-1430.MantleDiamond genesis
DS201212-0830
2012
Zhimulev, E.I.Zhimulev, E.I., Chepuruv, A.I., Sinyakova, E.F., Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.A.Diamond crystallization in the Fe-Co-SC and Fe-Ni-S C systems and the role of sulfide metal melts in the genesis of diamond.Geochemistry International, Vol. 50, 3, pp. 205-216.TechnologyDiamond genesis
DS201312-0153
2012
Zhimulev, E.I.Chepurov, A.I., Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.A., Zhimulev, E.I., Kosolobov, S.S., Sobolev, N.V.Diamond interaction with ultradispersed particles of iron in a hydrogene environment: surface micromorphology.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 447, 1, pp. 1284-1287.TechnologyMineralogy
DS201312-0154
2013
Zhimulev, E.I.Chepurov, A.I., Zhimulev, E.I., Agafonov, L.V., Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.A., Tomilenko, A.A.The stability of ortho- and clinopyroxenes, olivine and garnet in kimberlitic magma.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 54, 4, pp. 406-415.RussiaMineral chemistry
DS201312-0870
2013
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.I., Zhimulev, E.I., Chepurov, A.A.Surface graphitization of diamond in K2C03 melt at high pressure.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 451, 2, pp. 858-860.TechnologyUHP
DS201312-1016
2013
Zhimulev, E.I.Zhimulev, E.I., Shein, M.A., Pokhilenko, N.P.Diamond crystallization in the Fe-S-C system.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 451, 1, pp. 729-731.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS201702-0258
2016
Zhimulev, E.I.Zhimulev, E.I., Sonin, V.M., Afanasiev, V.P., Chepuov, A.I., Pokhilenko, N.P.Fe-S melt as a likely solvent of diamond under mantle conditions.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 471, 2, pp. 1277-1279.MantleDiamond morphology

Abstract: The first results of experimental study of diamond dissolution in a S-bearing Fe melt at high P-T parameters are reported and the morphology of partially dissolved crystals is compared with that of natural diamonds. Our results show that under the experimental conditions (4 GPa, 1400°C), flat-faced octahedral diamond crystals are transformed into curve-faced octahedroids with morphological features similar to those of natural diamonds.
DS201705-0892
2017
Zhimulev, E.I.Zhimulev, E.I., Sonin, V.M., Afanasiev, V.P., Chepurov, A.I., Pokhilenko, N.P.Fe-S melt as a likely solvent of diamond under mantle conditions.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 471, 2, pp. 1277-1279.MantleDiamond morphology

Abstract: The first results of experimental study of diamond dissolution in a S-bearing Fe melt at high P-T parameters are reported and the morphology of partially dissolved crystals is compared with that of natural diamonds. Our results show that under the experimental conditions (4 GPa, 1400°C), flat-faced octahedral diamond crystals are transformed into curve-faced octahedroids with morphological features similar to those of natural diamonds.
DS201804-0740
2018
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Pomazanskiy, B.S., Zemnuhov, A.L., Chepurov, A.A., Afanasiev, V.P., Chepurov, A.I.Morphological features of diamond crystals dissolved in Fe0.7 S0.3 melt at 4GPa and 1400.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 60, pp. 82-92.Technologydiamond morphology

Abstract: An experimental study of the dissolution of natural and synthetic diamonds in a sulfur-bearing iron melt (Fe0.7S0.3) with high P-T parameters (4 GPa, 1400°?) was performed. The results demonstrated that under these conditions, octahedral crystals with flat faces and rounded tetrahexahedral diamond crystals are transformed into rounded octahedroids, which have morphological characteristics similar to those of natural diamonds from kimberlite. It was suggested that, taking into account the complex history of individual natural diamond crystals, including the dissolution stages, sulfur-bearing metal melts up to sulfide melts were not only diamond-forming media during the early evolution of the Earth, but also natural solvents of diamond in the mantle environment before the formation of kimberlitic melts.
DS201809-2094
2018
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Chepurov, A.A., Chepurov, A.I., Pokhilenko, N.P.Influence of the sulfur concentration in the Fe-S melt on diamond preservation under P-T conditions of the Earth's mantle.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 481, 1, pp. 922-924.Mantlegeochemistry

Abstract: The results of experiments on dissolution of diamond in a Fe melt with variable concentrations of S at high P-T parameters are presented. It is established that the maximal degree of diamond dissolution occurs at a sulfur concentration of 15 wt %. With decreasing or increasing S content, dissolution of diamond slows down and almost does not occur during the period of the experiment (60 min), when the "eutectic" composition is gained. In contrast to a pure Fe melt, the presence of S decreases the carbon solubility and, therefore, reduces the aggressiveness of metal melt in relation to diamonds, thus, stimulating their preservation in the Earth’s mantle, especially if the concentration of S exceeds that in the "eutectic" composition.
DS201811-2613
2018
Zhimulev, E.I.Tomilenko, A.A., Zhimulev, E.I., Bulbak, T.A., Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.I., Pokhilenko, N.P.Peculiarities of the composition of volatiles of diamonds synthesized in the Fe-S-C system: data on gas chromatography - mass spectrometry.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 482, 1, pp. 1207-1211.Russiaspectrometry

Abstract: The first chromatography-mass spectroscopy data on volatiles in diamonds synthesized in the Fe-S-C system with 5 wt % S at 1400-1450°C and 5.0-5.5 GPa indicate the evolution of volatile composition during the diamond growth and, correspondingly, the variation in redox conditions of the reaction cell. A significant role is played by various hydrocarbons (HCs) and their derivatives, the content of which can reach 87%. Our data on possible abiogenic synthesis of HCs (components of natural gas and oil) can result in global recalculations (including climate) related to the global C cycle.
DS201901-0096
2018
Zhimulev, E.I.Zhimulev, E.I., Chepurov, A.I., Sobolev, N.V.Genesis of diamond in metal-carbon and metal-sulfur carbon melts: evidence from experimental data. ( light yellow and colorless diamond)Doklady earth Sciences, Vol. 483, 1, pp. 1473-1474.Mantlemelting

Abstract: The experimental data on diamond growth in the Fe-Ni-S-C and Fe-S-C systems with a sulfur content of 5-14 wt % at 5.5 GPa and 1300-1350°C are reported. Colorless and light yellow diamond crystals with a weight of 0.1-0.8 ct were synthesized. It is shown in the Fe-S-C system that at 5.5. GPa diamond may crystallize in a very narrow temperature range, from 1300 to 1370°C. Based on comparative analysis of the experimental data and the results of the study of native iron inclusions in natural diamonds from kimberlite pipes, it is suggested that diamond genesis may be partly controlled by the pre-eutectic (by the concentration of sulfur in relation to metal) metal-sulfide melt.
DS202005-0735
2020
Zhimulev, E.I.Gryaznov, I.A., Zhimulev, E.I., Sonin, V.M., Lindenblot, E.S., Chepurov, A.A.Morphological features of diamond crystals resulting from dissolution in a Fe-Ni-S melt under high pressure.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 489, 2, pp. 1449-1452 .pdfRussiadiamond morphology, CLIPPIR

Abstract: The primary results are presented on the dissolution of plane-faced diamond crystals of octahedral habit in a Fe-Ni-S melt under 3.5 GPa and 1400°C. It was found that the dissolution resulted in the transformation of plane-faced into curve-faced individuals of morphological features characteristic for kimberlite diamonds. It was concluded that the diamond forms as such might have formed in reduced domains of the Earth’s mantle before becoming involved in the kimberlite magma.
DS202007-1130
2020
Zhimulev, E.I.Cheperov, A.I., Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Cheperov, A.A.Preservation conditions of CLIPPIR diamonds in the Earth's mantle in a heterogeneous metal-sulphide-silicate medium ( experimental modeling).Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, Vol. 115, pp. 236-246. pdfMantlediamond inclusions

Abstract: The genesis of CLIPPIR diamonds (Cullinan-like, large, inclusion-poor, pure, irregular, and resorbed) have attracted much interest due to their possible crystallization from metal melt in deep horizons of the earth’s mantle. These diamonds usually show a pronounced resorption and irregular morphology. The present paper reports new experimental data on the dissolution of diamond crystals at high P-T parameters in Fe-S melt containing large amounts of silicate components (5-20 wt%). The experiments were performed using a split-sphere multi-anvil apparatus (BARS) at a pressure of 4 GPa and a temperature of 1450 °C. The samples consisted of natural diamond crystals placed in mixtures of Fe, S, and kimberlite. Wide variations in dissolution rates of diamond crystals were obtained. The absence of diamond dissolution in a heterogeneous medium indicates that the amount of solid silicate phases present in metal melt plays a role in the preservation of diamonds. This study demonstrated how diamonds can be stored in natural environments due to the heterogeneity of the medium composition which could insulate diamonds from the metal-sulphide melt. The obtained results improve our understanding of processes that lead to preservation of CLIPPIR diamonds in the deep mantle.
DS202008-1379
2020
Zhimulev, E.I.Chepurov, A.I., Tomilenko, A.A., Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Bulbak, T.A., Cheperov, A.A., Sobolev, N.V.Interaction of an Fe-Ni melt with anthracene ( C14H10) in the presence of olivine at 3 Gpa: fluid phase composition.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 492, pp. 333-337.MantleUHP, diamond

Abstract: The first results on the interaction between an Fe-Ni melt and anthracene (?14?10) in the presence of olivine at 3 GPa and 1500°? and on the study of the component composition of the fluid generated in this process are presented. The stability of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the implemented conditions is confirmed experimentally. It is established that, under these conditions, crystallization of high-magnesian olivines occurs (Fo = 97-98 mol %). The composition of the fluid is similar to the composition of the fluid from inclusions in synthetic diamonds. The conditions implemented in the experiment might have occurred at the early stages of the Earth’s evolution.
DS202010-1880
2020
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Tomilenko, A.A., Zhimulev, E.I., Bulbak, T.A., Timina, T.Y., Chepurov, A.I., Pokhilenko, N.P.Diamond crystallization at high pressure: the relative efficiency of metal graphite and metal carbonate systems.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 493, 1, pp. 508-512.RussiaUHP

Abstract: Data on the interaction of the Fe-Ni melt with CaCO3 and graphite at 5 GPa and 1400°? under the thermogradient conditions used in experiments on the growth of diamond on the BARS high-pressure apparatus are presented. The phase composition and component composition of the fluid captured by diamonds in the form of inclusions were studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Diamonds were synthesized from graphite. During the interaction of the Fe-Ni melt with CaCO3, Ca-Fe oxides and (Fe, Ni)3C carbide were formed. The stability of heavy hydrocarbons under the experimental conditions was confirmed. It was established that the composition of the fluid in synthesized diamonds is close to the composition of the fluid from inclusions in some natural diamonds. Nevertheless, it was concluded that crystallization of large diamonds under natural conditions is hardly possible due to the filling of the main crystallization volume with refractory oxide phases.
DS202011-2071
2020
Zhimulev, E.I.Zhimulev, E.I., Babich, Yu.V., Karpovich, Z.A., Chepurov, A.I., Pokhilenko, N.P.Low nitrogen diamond growth in Fe-C-S system.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 494, 1, pp. 696-698.Russiadiamond genesis

Abstract: The first results on diamond growth in the Fe-?-S system with 1 wt % S (relative to Fe) at 6 GPa and 1450°C have been reported. The diamonds obtained contain about 30 ppm N, on average, and belong to the low-N transition diamond group Ib-IIa. It has been suggested that the reduction conditions formed by certain active elements such as S can play an important role in the formation of natural low-N diamonds.
DS202104-0609
2020
Zhimulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhimulev, E.I., Chepurov, A.A., Lindenblot, E.S., Loginova, A.M., Shcheglov, D.V., Pomazanskii, B.S., Afanasiev, V.P., Chepurov, A.I.Dissolution of natural octahedral diamonds in an Fe-S melt at high pressure.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 62, 6, pp. 497-507. pdfRussia, Yakutiadeposit Yubileinaya

Abstract: An experimental study was carried out on the dissolution of natural octahedral diamonds from the Internatsionalnaya and Yubileinaya kimberlite pipes (Yakutia) in an Fe-S melt at 4 GPa and 1450-1500°C with different sulfur contents (10-25 wt %). It was found that with an increase in sulfur content in the iron melt, the degree of diamond dissolution sharply decreases. The stationary (final) shape of diamond crystal dissolution under the achieved conditions corresponds to an octahedroid with trigonal etching layers, which is confirmed by photogoniometry. Diamonds with similar morphology are common in kimberlite pipes, especially in mantle xenoliths from kimberlites. It was concluded that diamonds with this shape did not undergo natural dissolution in a kimberlite magma, but, similar to flat-faced octahedra, were probably isolated from it in xenoliths. Therefore, the higher the content of octahedroid-shaped diamonds with trigonal layers in a deposit, the smaller the direct influence of an aggressive kimberlite magma on the diamond content.
DS200512-0237
2005
Zhimulev, F.I.Dobretsov, N.L., Buslov, M.M., Zhimulev, F.I., Travin, A.V.The Kochetav Massif as a deformed Cambrian-Early Caradocian collision subduction zone.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 402, 4, pp. 501-505.RussiaSubduction
DS200512-1154
2005
Zhimulev, F.I.Vovna, G.M., Mishkin, M.A., Sakhno, V.G., Zhimulev, F.I.Origin of the diamond and coesite bearing metamorphic complexes.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 403, 5, pp. 662-665.RussiaDiamond genesis
DS200612-0336
2006
Zhimulev, F.I.Dobretsov, N.I., Buslov, M.M., Zhimulev, F.I., Travin, A.V., Zayachkovsky, A.A.Vendian Early Ordovician geodynamic evolution and model for exhumation of ultrahigh and high pressure rocks from the Kokchetav subduction collision zone.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 47, 4, pp. 424-440.Russia, KazakhstanUHP
DS201412-0299
2014
Zhimulev, F.I.Glorie, S., Zhimulev, F.I., Buslov, M.M., Andersen, T., Plavsa, D., Izmer, A., Vanhaecke, F., De Grave, J.Formation of the Kokchetav subduction collision zone - northern Kazakhstan : insights from zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope systematics.Gondwana Research, Vol. 27, pp. 424-438.Russia, KazakhstanSubduction
DS1991-1930
1991
Zhiou GaozhiZhiou Gaozhi, Liou, J.G., Eide, E.A., Zhang, R.Y.X., Wang, W.G.Mineral parageneses of eclogites in both ultrahigh pressure and high pressure metamorphic belts from central Chin a #2Eos Transactions, Vol. 72, No. 44, October 29, abstract p. 558ChinaEclogites, Petrology
DS1992-1637
1992
Zhiqiang, F.Watkins, J.S., Zhiqiang, F., McMillen, K.J.Geology and geophysics of continental marginsAmerican Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, No. 53, 420pChina, southwest Pacific, Eastern India, Africa, OceansContinental margins, Geophysics
DS2002-0782
2002
Zhiqin, X.Jingsui, Y., Zhiqin, X., Jianxin, Z., Shugang, S.Early Paleozoic North Qaidam UHP metamorphic belt on the north eastern Tibetan plateau and a paired subduction model.Terra Nova, Vol. 14, 5, Oct. pp. 397-404.China, TibetUHP - Ultrahigh pressure, subduction
DS201412-1029
2014
Zhirov, D.V.Zhirov, D.V., Glaznev, V.N., Zhirova, A.M.Structure of upper crust of the Khibiny area on the basis of the geological and geophysical dat a and results of 3D seismic and density modeling.30th. International Conference on Ore Potential of alkaline, kimberlite and carbonatite magmatism. Sept. 29-, RussiaGeophysics
DS200812-0414
2008
Zhirova, A.M.Glaznev, V.N., Zhirova, A.M., Raevskii, A.B.New dat a on the deep structure of the Khibiny and Lovozero massifs, Kola Peninsula.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 422, 1 Oct. pp. 391-393.Russia, Kola PeninsulaGeophysics
DS200912-0014
2009
Zhirova, A.M.Arzamastsev, A.A., Arezamastseva, L.V., Zhirova, A.M.The alkaline polyphase plutons in the NE Fennoscandian Shield, Russia: deep structure and duration of magmatism.alkaline09.narod.ru ENGLISH, May 10, 2p. abstractRussia, Kola PeninsulaLovozero
DS201412-0019
2014
Zhirova, A.M.Arzamastsev, A.A., Arzamasteva, L.V., Zhirova, A.M., Glaznev, V.N.Model of formation of the Khibiny-Lovozero ore bearing volcanic-plutonic complex.Deep Seated Magmatism, its sources and plumes, Ed. Vladykin, N.V., pp. 124-147.RussiaModelling
DS201412-1029
2014
Zhirova, A.M.Zhirov, D.V., Glaznev, V.N., Zhirova, A.M.Structure of upper crust of the Khibiny area on the basis of the geological and geophysical dat a and results of 3D seismic and density modeling.30th. International Conference on Ore Potential of alkaline, kimberlite and carbonatite magmatism. Sept. 29-, RussiaGeophysics
DS201510-1757
2014
Zhirova, A.M.Arzamastev, A.A., Arztmasteva, L.V., Zhirova, A.M., Glaznev, V.N.Model of formation of the Khibiny-Lovozero ore bearing volcanic-plutonic complex.Deep-seated magmatism, its sources and plumes, Proceedings of XIII International Workshop held 2014., Vol. 2014, pp. 124-147.Baltic Shield, FennoscandiaCarbonatite, alkaline rocks

Abstract: The paper presents the results of a study of the large Paleozoic ore-magmatic system in the northeastern Fennoscandian Shield comprising the Khibiny and Lovozero plutons, the Kurga intrusion, volcanic rocks, and numerous alkaline dike swarms. As follows from the results of deep drilling and 3D geophysical simulation, large bodies of rocks pertaining to the ultramafic alkaline complex occur at the lower level of the ore-magmatic system. Peridotite, pyroxenite, melilitolite, melteigite, and ijolite occupy more than 50 vol % of the volcanic-plutonic complex within the upper 15 km accessible to gravity exploration. The proposed model represents the ore-magmatic system as a conjugate network of mantle magmatic sources localized at different depth levels and periodically supplying the melts belonging to the two autonomous groups: (1) ultramafic alkaline rocks with carbonatites and (2) alkali syenites-peralkaline syenites, which were formed synchronously having a common system of outlet conduits. With allowance for the available isotopic datings and new geochronological evidence, the duration of complex formation beginning from supply of the first batches of melt into calderas and up to postmagmatic events, expressed in formation of late pegmatoids, was no less than 25 Ma.
DS1983-0618
1983
Zhirova, L.T.Virovlyanskiy, G.M., Zhirova, L.T.Change in rock types with depth in plutons of the Meymecha -Kotuyul tramafic alkalic complexDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 273, December pp. 39-43RussiaAlkaline Rocks
DS1995-2145
1995
Zhitkov, A.N.Zhitkov, A.N.Paleokinetics and pattern of kimberlite fields location on the Siberian Platform based on hypothesis hot spotsProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 692-694.Russia, SiberiaGeodynamics, Hot spots, plumes
DS1995-2146
1995
Zhitkov, A.N.Zhitkov, A.N., Savrasov, D.I.Paleomagnetism and the ages of kimberlites exemplified by the four pipes ofYakutia.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 695-697.Russia, YakutiaPaleomagnetics
DS1970-0546
1972
Zhitkov, A.S.Komarov, A.N., Zhitkov, A.S.Uranium Content in Mineral Phenocrysts and Deep Seated Xeonliths of the Yakutian Kimberlites.In Radioactive Elements In Rocks, Novosibirsk., PT. 2, PP. 125-126.RussiaBlank
DS201012-0414
2010
Zhitova, E.S.Krivovichev, S.V., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Zhitova, E.S., Zolotarev, A.A., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Ivanyuk, G.Yu.Crystal chemistry of natural layered double hydroxides, 1. Quintinite -2H-3c from the Kovdor alkaline massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 74, pp. 821-832.Russia, Kola PeninsulaCarbonatite
DS201112-1175
2011
Zhitova, E.S.Zolotarev, A.A., Krivovichev, S.V., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Zhitova, E.S., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Ivanyuk, G.Y.Crystal chemistry of natural layered double hydroxides from the Kovdor alkaline massif, Kola. Polytypes of quininite: cation ordering and superstructures.Peralk-Carb 2011, workshop held Tubingen Germany June 16-18, PosterRussia, Kola PeninsulaAlkalic
DS201706-1113
2017
Zhitova, E.S.Zaitsev, A.N., Zhitova, E.S., Spratt, J., Zolotarev, A.A., Krivovichev, S.V.Isolueshite, NaNb03, from the Kovdor carbonatite, Kola Peninsula, Russia: composition, crystal structure and possible formation scenarios.Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Vol. 194, 2, pp. 165-173.Russia, Kola Peninsuladeposit - Kovdor

Abstract: Isolueshite, a cubic complex oxide with the formula NaNbO3, occurs as euhedral crystals 0.4 - 0.7 mm in size in calcite carbonatite, Kovdor ultrabasic-alkaline complex (Kola, Russia). Average composition of isolueshite, based on 40 analyses by wavelength-dispersive electron microprobe is (Na0.84Ca0.07Sr0.01La0.01Ce0.01)?0.95(Nb0.90Ti0.11)?1.01O3. Minor and trace elements are Ti (4.1- 6.8 wt.% TiO2), REEs (1.8 - 4.0 wt.% REE2O3), Ca (1.7- 3.3 wt.% CaO), Zr (0.1- 0.8 wt.% ZrO2), Sr (0.3 - 0.4 wt.% SrO), Th (0.1- 0.5 wt.% ThO2), Fe (0.1- 0.2 wt.% Fe2O3) and Ta (0.1 wt.% Ta2O5). The crystal structure of isolueshite was refined to an agreement index (R1) of 0.028 for 82 unique reflections with |F0| ? 4 ?(F). The mineral is cubic, Pm3-m, a = 3.9045(5) Å and V = 59.525(13) Å3. The diffraction pattern of the crystal contains only regular and strong Bragg reflections with no signs of diffuse scattering. There are two sites in the crystal structure: A is 12-coordinated (A-O = 2.556(3) Å) and located at the corners of the cubic primitive cell and B is situated in the center of the unit-cell and has an octahedral coordination. The crystal-chemical formula based on the structure refinement is (Na0.84(1)Ca0.16(1))(Nb0.88(1)Ti0.12(1))O3. We suggest that isolueshite is a quenched (kinetically favored) polymorph of lueshite that formed as a result of rapid crystallization due to the sudden drop in temperature and/or pressure.
DS201808-1799
2018
Zhitova, E.S.Zhitova, E.S., Krivocichev, S.V., Yakovenchuk, V.N., Ivanyuk, G.Y., Pakhomovsky, Y.A., Mikhailova, J.A.Crystal chemistry of natural layered double hydroxides: 4. Crystal structures and evolution of structural complexity of quintinite polytypes from the Kovdor alkaline ultrabasic massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 82, no. 2, pp. 329-346.Russia, Kola Peninsuladeposit - Kovdor

Abstract: Two quintinite polytypes, 3R and 2T, which are new for the Kovdor alkaline-ultrabasic complex, have been structurally characterized. The crystal structure of quintinite-2T was solved by direct methods and refined to R1 = 0.048 on the basis of 330 unique reflections. The structure is trigonal, P c1, a = 5.2720(6), c = 15.113(3) Å and V = 363.76(8) Å3. The crystal structure consists of [Mg2Al(OH)6]+ brucite-type layers with an ordered distribution of Mg2+ and Al3+ cations according to the × superstructure with the layers stacked according to a hexagonal type. The complete layer stacking sequence can be described as …=Ab1C = Cb1A=…. The crystal structure of quintinite-3R was solved by direct methods and refined to R1 = 0.022 on the basis of 140 unique reflections. It is trigonal, R m, a = 3.063(1), c = 22.674(9) Å and V = 184.2(1) Å3. The crystal structure is based upon double hydroxide layers [M2+,3+(OH)2] with disordered distribution of Mg, Al and Fe and with the layers stacked according to a rhombohedral type. The stacking sequence of layers can be expressed as …=?B = BC = CA=… The study of morphologically different quintinite generations grown on one another detected the following natural sequence of polytype formation: 2H ? 2T ? 1M that can be attributed to a decrease of temperature during crystallization. According to the information-based approach to structural complexity, this sequence corresponds to the increasing structural information per atom (IG): 1.522 ? 1.706 ? 2.440 bits, respectively. As the IG value contributes negatively to the configurational entropy of crystalline solids, the evolution of polytypic modifications during crystallization corresponds to the decreasing configurational entropy. This is in agreement with the general principle that decreasing temperature corresponds to the appearance of more complex structures.
DS201509-0405
2015
Zhitova, L.Kamenetsky, V.S., Mitchell, R.H., Maas, R., Giuliani, A., Gaboury, D., Zhitova, L.Chlorine in mantle derived carbonatite melts revealed by halite in the St. Honore intrusion ( Quebec, Canada).Geology, Vol. 43, 8, pp. 687-690.Canada, QuebecCarbonatite

Abstract: Mantle-derived carbonatites are igneous rocks dominated by carbonate minerals. Intrusive carbonatites typically contain calcite and, less commonly, dolomite and siderite as the only carbonate minerals. In contrast, lavas erupted by the only active carbonatite volcano on Earth, Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania, are enriched in Na-rich carbonate phenocrysts (nyerereite and gregoryite) and Na-K halides in the groundmass. The apparent paradox between the compositions of intrusive and extrusive carbonatites has not been satisfactorily resolved. This study records the fortuitous preservation of halite in the intrusive dolomitic carbonatite of the St.-Honoré carbonatite complex (Québec, Canada), more than 490 m below the present surface. Halite occurs intergrown with, and included in, magmatic minerals typical of intrusive carbonatites; i.e., dolomite, calcite, apatite, rare earth element fluorocarbonates, pyrochlore, fluorite, and phlogopite. Halite is also a major daughter phase of melt inclusions hosted in early magmatic minerals, apatite and pyrochlore. The carbon isotope composition of dolomite (?13C = –5.2‰) and Sr-Nd isotope compositions of individual minerals (87Sr/86Sri = 0.70287 in apatite, to 0.70443 in halite; ?Nd = +3.2 to +4.0) indicate a mantle origin for the St.-Honoré carbonatite parental melt. More radiogenic Sr compositions of dolomite and dolomite-hosted halite and heavy oxygen isotope composition of dolomite (?18O = +23‰) suggest their formation at some time after magma emplacement by recrystallization of original magmatic components in the presence of ambient fluids. Our observations indicate that water-soluble chloride minerals, common in the modern natrocarbonatite lavas, can be significant but ephemeral components of intrusive carbonatite complexes. We therefore infer that the parental magmas that produce primary carbonatite melts might be enriched in Na and Cl. This conclusion affects existing models for mantle source compositions, melting scenarios, temperature, rheological properties, and crystallization path of carbonatite melts.
DS201112-0943
2011
Zhitova, L.M.Sharygin, V.V., Zhitova, L.M., Nigmatulina, E.N.Fairchidite K2Ca(CO3)2 in phoscorites from Phalaborwa, South Africa: the first occurrence in alkaline carbonatite complexes.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 52, pp. 208-219.Africa, South AfricaCarbonatite
DS1997-1086
1997
Zhiumulev, E.I.Sonin, V.M., Zhiumulev, E.I., Fedorov, I.I., Osorgin, N.Y.Etching of diamond crystals in silicate melt in the presence of aqueous fluid under high pressure-T parameters.Geochemistry International, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 393-397.GlobalPetrology - experimental, Diamond morphology
DS1987-0818
1987
ZhiwenXIA, W., Feng, ZhiwenRock forming analysis of carbonatites and their metallogenic prognosis In central Shandong (China).*CHIDiqiu Kexue, *CHI, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 285-292ChinaBlank
DS2002-1790
2002
Zhlong, H.Zhlong, H., Chongqiang, Hailing, Cheng, RunshengThe geochemistry of lamprophyres in the Laowangzhai gold deposits, Yunnan: implications for source regionGeochemistry Journal, Vol. 36, pp. 91-112., Vol. 36, pp. 91-112.China, Yunnan ProvinceLamprophyres, minettes, Rare earths, REE, mantle characteristics
DS2002-1791
2002
Zhlong, H.Zhlong, H., Chongqiang, Hailing, Cheng, RunshengThe geochemistry of lamprophyres in the Laowangzhai gold deposits, Yunnan: implications for source regionGeochemistry Journal, Vol. 36, pp. 91-112., Vol. 36, pp. 91-112.China, Yunnan ProvinceLamprophyres, minettes, Rare earths, REE, mantle characteristics
DS201502-0070
2015
Zhmodik, S.Kiseleva, O., Zhmodik, S.Distribution and PGE mineralization in the formation of chromitite in ophiolite complexes ( Ospina-Kitoi Kharanur) and ultrabasic massifs of eastern Sayan, Southern Siberia.Economic Geology Research Institute 2015, Vol. 17,, #3203, 1p. AbstractRussiaMelting
DS1982-0655
1982
Zhmodik, S.M.Zhmodik, S.M.Form of Occurrence of Uranium in Apatite from CarbonatitesDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section., Vol. 256, No. 3, PP. 175-177.RussiaCrystallography, Petrography
DS1993-0359
1993
Zhmodik, S.M.Dobretsov, N.L., Ashchepkov, I.V., Simonov, V.A., Zhmodik, S.M.Interaction of the upper-mantle rocks with deep seated fluids and melts In the Baikal rift zoneSoviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 1-14Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), BaikalTectonics, Geochemistry, Thermobarometry
DS201507-0320
2015
Zhmodik, S.M.Lazereva, E.V., Zhmodik, S.M., Dobretsov, N.L., Tolstov, A.V., Shcherbov, B.L., Karmanov, N.S., Gerasimov, E.Yu., Bryanskaya, A.V.Main minerals of abnormally high grade ores of the Tomtor deposit ( Arctic Siberia).Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 56, pp. 844-873.RussiaDeposit - Tomtor
DS202006-0946
2020
Zhmodik, S.M.Ponomarchuk, V.A., Dobretsov, N.L. , Lazareva, E.V., Zhmodik, S.M., Karmanov, N.S., Tolstov, A,V., Pyryaev, A.N.Evidence of microbial-induced mineralization in rocks of the Tomtor carbonatite complex ( Arctic Siberia).Doklady Earth Science, Vol. 490, 2, pp. 76-80.Russia, Siberiacarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonates of the Tomtor complex of ultramafic alkaline rocks and carbonatites (the northern part of the Republic of Sakha Yakutia) are distinguished by a wide range of carbon isotopic composition ?13C from +2 to -59.9‰. The geological position, localization patterns, mineral and chemical compositions and the relationship with REE mineralization of samples with values of ?13C carbonates from -25 to -59‰ are characterized. The formation of abnormally low ?13C in carbonates is determined by the biogenic oxidation of methane from ?13Cmet to -70‰.
DS202104-0571
2021
Zhmodik, S.M.Dobretsov, N.L., Zhmodik, S.M., Lazareva, E.V., Bryanskaya, A.V., Ponomarchuk, V.A., Saryg-ool, B. Yu., Kirichenko, I.S., Tolstov, A.V., Karmanov, N.S.Structural and morphological features of the participation of microorganisms in the formation of Nb-REE-rich ores of the Tomtor field, Russia.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 496, pp. 135-138. Russiadeposit - Tomtor

Abstract: Data indicating the important role of microorganisms in the redistribution of REEs in the weathering crust and the decisive role in the concentration of REEs during the formation of ores in the upper ore horizon of the Tomtor field are obtained. The uptake of REEs was carried out by the community of microorganisms, such as phototrophs, methanogens, methanotrophs, and proteobacteria, which form the basis of the microbiocenosis for this paleoecosystem. The isotopic composition of C carbonates in all samples studied with fossilized microorganisms corresponds to the biogenic one, and the isotopic composition ?18?SMOW (from 7 to 20‰) indicates the endogenous (hydrothermal) and, to a lesser extent, exogenous nature of the solutions. The low (87Sr/86Sr)I values of carbonates (~0.7036-0.7042) exclude the participation of seawater.
DS202103-0400
2021
Zholudev, S.Popov, M., Bondarenko, M., Kulnitskiy, B., Zholudev, S., Blank, V., Terentyev, S.Impulse laser cutting of diamond accompanied by phase transitions to fullerene -type onion.Diamond & Related Materials, Vol. 113, 108281, 6p. PdfGlobalraman spectroscopy
DS1990-1632
1990
Zhon DanggaoZhon Danggao, Huang YunhuiPhlogopites from the kimberlites and surrounding complexes in ShandongChinaInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 133-134ChinaMineralogy -phlogopites, Kimberlites
DS201508-0365
2015
ZhongLiu, Xi, Zhong, ShijieThe long wave length geoid from three dimensional spherical models of thermal and thermochemical mantle convection.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 120, 6, pp. 4572-4596.MantleGeothermometry
DS2000-1037
2000
Zhong, D.Yan Liu, Zhong, D., Jiangqing Ji.Carbonatites in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis: a direct evidence for mantle magma upwelling Neogene ...Igc 30th. Brasil, Aug. abstract only 1p.India, HimalayasCarbonatite
DS201012-0894
2010
Zhong, J.P.Zhong, J.P., Griffin, W.L., Sun, M., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, H.F., Zhou, J., Xiao, L., Tang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.Tectonic affinity of the west Qingling terrane ( central Chin a): North Chin a or Yangtze?Tectonics, Vol. 29, 2, TC2009ChinaTectonics
DS202101-0006
2020
Zhong, Q.Cui, D., Liao, Z., Qi, L., Zhong, Q., Zhou, Z.A study of emeralds from Davdar, north-western China.Journal of Gemology, Vol. 37, 4, pp. 374-392Chinaemerald

Abstract: At the Davdar mine in Xinjiang, north-western China, emeralds are hosted mainly by carbonate, quartz-carbonate and quartz veins cutting metasedimentary rocks, and are associated with minerals such as hematite, dolomite, quartz, orthoclase and albite. Sixteen rough emeralds obtained during the authors’ visit to the mining area in 2019 were studied by standard gemmolog-ical techniques and various spectroscopic methods (FTIR, Raman, UV-Vis-NIR and EPR), as well as LA-ICP-MS chemical analysis. The analysed samples were mostly coloured by Cr, and showed a wide range of Fe, V, Mg and alkali contents, along with relatively low Cs, Rb and Sc. UV-Vis-NIR spectra showed features at 370 nm (Fe3+), 430 nm (Cr3+ with contributions from V3+ and possibly Fe3+), 580-630 nm (Cr3+ and V3+), 638 and 683 nm (Cr3+), and 850 nm (Fe2+ and possibly Fe2+-Fe3+interactions). In addition, the more V-rich emeralds displayed a distinct V3+ absorption band at about 385-395 nm. Notably, the chemical composition of Davdar emeralds shows significant overlap with those from Panjshir, Afghanistan.
DS201811-2618
2019
Zhong, R.Xie, Y., Qu, Y., Zhong, R., Verplanck, P.L., Meffre, S., Xu, D.The ~1.85 Ga carbonatite in north China and its implications on the evolution of the Columbia supercontinent.Gondwana Research, Vol. 65, pp. 125-141.Chinacarbonatite

Abstract: Mantle-derived carbonatites provide a unique window in the understanding of mantle characteristics and dynamics, as well as insight into the assembly and breakup of supercontinents. As a petrological indicator of extensional tectonic regimes, Archean/Proterozoic carbonatites provide important constraints on the timing of the breakup of ancient supercontinents. The majority of the carbonatites reported worldwide are Phanerozoic, in part because of the difficulty in recognizing Archean/Proterozoic carbonatites, which are characterized by strong foliation and recrystallization, and share broad petrologic similarities with metamorphosed sedimentary lithologies. Here, we report the recognition of a ~1.85?Ga carbonatite in Chaihulanzi area of Chifeng in north China based on systematic geological, petrological, geochemical, and baddeleyite U-Pb geochronological results. The carbonatite occurs as dikes or sills emplaced in Archean metasedimentary rocks and underwent intense deformation. Petrological and SEM/EDS results show that calcite and dolomite are the dominant carbonate minerals along with minor and varied amounts of Mg-rich mafic minerals, including forsterite (with Fo?>?98), phlogopite, diopside, and an accessory amount of apatite, baddeleyite, spinel, monazite, and ilmenite. The relatively high silica content together with the non-arc and OIB-like trace element signatures of the carbonatite indicates a hot mantle plume as the likely magma source. The depleted Nd isotopic signatures suggest that plume upwelling might be triggered by the accumulation of recycled crust in the deep mantle. As a part of the global-scale Columbia supercontinent, the Proterozoic tectonic evolution of the North China Craton (NCC) provides important insights into the geodynamics governing amalgamation and fragmentation of the supercontinent. The Paleo-Mesoproterozoic boundary is the key point of tectonic transition from compressional to extensional settings in the NCC. The newly identified ~1.85?Ga carbonatite provides a direct link between the long-lasting supercontinental breakup and plume activity, which might be sourced from the “slab graveyard,” continental crustal slabs subducted into asthenosphere, beneath the supercontinent. The carbonatite provides a precise constraint of the initiation of the continental breakup at ~1.85?Ga.
DS201812-2900
2019
Zhong, R.Xie, Y., Qu, Y., Zhong, R., Verplanck, P.L., Meffre, S., Xu, D.The ~1/85 carbonatite in north China and its implications on the evolution of the Columbia supercontinent.Gondwana Research, Vol. 65, pp. 125-141.Chinacarbonatite

Abstract: Mantle-derived carbonatites provide a unique window in the understanding of mantle characteristics and dynamics, as well as insight into the assembly and breakup of supercontinents. As a petrological indicator of extensional tectonic regimes, Precambrian carbonatites provide important constraints on the timing of the breakup of ancient supercontinents. The majority of the carbonatites reported worldwide are Phanerozoic, in part because of the difficulty in recognizing Precambrian carbonatites, which are characterized by strong foliation and recrystallization, and share broad petrologic similarities with metamorphosed sedimentary lithologies. Here we report the recognition of a ~1.85?Ga carbonatite in Chaihulanzi area of Chifeng in north China based on systematic geological, petrological, geochemical, and baddeleyite U-Pb geochronological results. The carbonatite occurs as dikes or sills emplaced in Archean metasedimentary rocks and underwent intense deformation. Petrological and SEM/EDS results show that calcite and dolomite are the dominant carbonate minerals along with minor and varied amounts of Mg-rich mafic minerals, including forsterite (with Fo?>?98), phlogopite, diopside, and an accessory amount of apatite, baddeleyite, spinel, monazite, and ilmenite. The relatively high silica content together with the non-arc and OIB-like trace element signatures of the carbonatite indicates a hot mantle plume as the likely magma source. The depleted Nd isotopic signatures suggest that plume upwelling might be triggered by the accumulation of recycled crust in the deep mantle. As a part of the global-scale Columbia supercontinent, the Proteozoic tectonic evolution of the North China Craton (NCC) provides important insights into the geodynamics governing amalgamation and fragmentation of the supercontinent. The Paleo-Mesoproterozoic boundary is the key point of tectonic transition from compressional to extensional settings in the NCC. The newly-identified ~1.85?Ga carbonatite provides a direct link between the long-lasting supercontinental breakup and plume activity, which might be sourced from the “slab graveyard”, continental crustal slabs subducted into asthenosphere, beneath the supercontinent. The carbonatite provides a precise constraint of the initiation of the continental breakup at ~1.85?Ga.
DS201901-0092
2018
Zhong, R.Xie, Y., Qu, Y., Zhong, R., Verplanck, P.L., Meffre, S., Xu, D.The ~1.85 GA carbonatite in north China and its implications on the evolution of the Columbia supercontinent. Chaitulanzi, ChifengGondwana Research, Vol. 65, pp. 135-141.Chinacarbonatite

Abstract: Mantle-derived carbonatites provide a unique window in the understanding of mantle characteristics and dynamics, as well as insight into the assembly and breakup of supercontinents. As a petrological indicator of extensional tectonic regimes, Precambrian carbonatites provide important constraints on the timing of the breakup of ancient supercontinents. The majority of the carbonatites reported worldwide are Phanerozoic, in part because of the difficulty in recognizing Precambrian carbonatites, which are characterized by strong foliation and recrystallization, and share broad petrologic similarities with metamorphosed sedimentary lithologies. Here we report the recognition of a ~1.85?Ga carbonatite in Chaihulanzi area of Chifeng in north China based on systematic geological, petrological, geochemical, and baddeleyite U-Pb geochronological results. The carbonatite occurs as dikes or sills emplaced in Archean metasedimentary rocks and underwent intense deformation. Petrological and SEM/EDS results show that calcite and dolomite are the dominant carbonate minerals along with minor and varied amounts of Mg-rich mafic minerals, including forsterite (with Fo?>?98), phlogopite, diopside, and an accessory amount of apatite, baddeleyite, spinel, monazite, and ilmenite. The relatively high silica content together with the non-arc and OIB-like trace element signatures of the carbonatite indicates a hot mantle plume as the likely magma source. The depleted Nd isotopic signatures suggest that plume upwelling might be triggered by the accumulation of recycled crust in the deep mantle. As a part of the global-scale Columbia supercontinent, the Proteozoic tectonic evolution of the North China Craton (NCC) provides important insights into the geodynamics governing amalgamation and fragmentation of the supercontinent. The Paleo-Mesoproterozoic boundary is the key point of tectonic transition from compressional to extensional settings in the NCC. The newly-identified ~1.85?Ga carbonatite provides a direct link between the long-lasting supercontinental breakup and plume activity, which might be sourced from the “slab graveyard”, continental crustal slabs subducted into asthenosphere, beneath the supercontinent. The carbonatite provides a precise constraint of the initiation of the continental breakup at ~1.85?Ga.
DS202006-0958
2019
Zhong, R.Xie, Y., Verplanck, P.L., Hou, Z., Zhong, R.Rare Earth element deposits in China: a review and new understandings.SEG Special Publication , No. 22, pp. 500-552.ChinaREE

Abstract: The rare earth elements (REEs) consist of the 15 lantha-nide elements (La to Lu). Because of the increasing application of REEs and yttrium (REY) in high-and green-tech industries, the demand for the REY is projected to increase in the future. Rare earth elements are relatively abundant in the Earth's crust, but discovered, minable concentrations are less common than for most other ore types. Bastnaesite and monazite are the main mineral source of REEs in the world. Bastnaesite-hosted deposits in China and the United States Abstract China has been the world's leading rare earth element (REE) and yttrium producer for more than 20 years and hosts a variety of deposit types. Carbonatite-related REE deposits are the most significant REE deposit type, with REY (REE and yttrium)-bearing clay deposits, or ion adsorption-type deposits, being the primary source of the world's heavy REEs. Other REY resources in China include those hosted in placers, alkaline granites, pegmatites, and hydrothermal veins, as well as in additional deposit types in which REEs may be recovered as by-product commodities. Carbonatite-related REE deposits in China provide nearly all the light REE production in the world. Two giant deposits are currently being mined in China: Bayan Obo and Maoniuping. The carbonatite-related REE deposits in China occur along the margins of Archean-Paleoproterozoic blocks, including the northern , southern, and eastern margins of the North China craton, and the western margin of the Yangtze craton. The carbonatites were emplaced in continental rifts (e.g., Bayan Obo) or translithospheric strike-slip faults (e.g., Maoniuping) along reactivated craton margins. The craton margins provide the first-order control for carbonatite-related REE resources. Four REE metallogenic belts, including the Proterozoic Langshan-Bayan Obo, late Paleozoic-early Mesozoic eastern Qinling-Dabie, late Mesozoic Chishan-Laiwu-Zibo, and Cenozoic Mianning-Dechang belts, occur along cratonic margins. Geologic and geochemical data demonstrate that the carbonatites in these belts originated from mantle sources that had been previously enriched, most likely by recycled marine sediments through subduction zones during the assembly of continental blocks. Although the generation of carbonatite magma is debated, a plausible mechanism is by liquid immiscibility between silicate and carbonate melts. This process would further enrich REEs in the carbonatite end member during the evolution of mantle-derived magma. The emplacement of carbonatite magma in the upper crust, channeled by translithospheric faults in extensional environments, leads to a rapid decompression of the magma and consequently exsolution of a hydrothermal fluid phase. The fluid is characterized by high temperature (600°-850°C), high pressure (up to 350 MPa), and enrichment in sulfate, CO2, K, Na, Ca, Sr, Ba, and REEs. Immiscibility of sulfate melts from the aqueous fluid, and phase separation between CO2 and water may take place upon fluid cooling. Although both sulfate and chloride have been called upon as important ligands in hydrothermal REE transport, results of our studies suggest that sulfate is more important. The exsolution of a sulfate melt from the primary carbonatite fluid would lead to a significant decrease of the sulfate activity in the fluid and trigger REE precipitation. The subsequent unmixing between CO2 and water may also play an important role in REE precipitation. Because of the substantial ability of the primary carbonatite fluid to contain REEs, a large-volume magma chamber or huge fluid flux are not necessary for the formation of a giant REE deposit. A dense carbonatite fluid and rapid evolution hinder long distance fluid transportation and distal mineralization. Thus, carbonatite-related alteration and mineralization occur in or proximal to carbonatite dikes and sills, and this is observed in all carbonatite-related REE deposits in China. Ion adsorption-type REE deposits are primarily located in the South China block and are genetically linked to the weathering of granite and, less commonly, volcanic rocks and lamprophyres. Indosinian (early Mesozoic) and Yanshanian (late Mesozoic) granites are the most important parent rocks for these REE deposits. Hydro-thermal alteration by fluids exsolved from late Mesozoic granites or related alkaline rocks (e.g., syenite) may have enriched the parent rocks in REEs, particularly the heavy REEs. Furthermore, this alteration process led to the transformation of some primary REE minerals to secondary REE minerals that are more readily broken down during subsequent weathering. During the weathering process, the REEs are released from parent rocks and adsorbed onto kaolinite and halloysite in the weathering profile, and further enriched by the loss of other material to form the ion adsorption-type REE deposits. A warm and humid climate and a low-relief landscape are important characteristics for development of ion adsorption REE deposits.
DS202011-2069
2019
Zhong, R.Xie, Y., Verplank, P.L., Hou, Z., Zhong, R.IN: An overview of mineral deposits of China. Rare earth element deposits in China.SEG Special Publication, No. 22, pp. 509-552.ChinaREE

Abstract: China is the world’s leading rare earth element (REE) producer and hosts a variety of deposit types. Carbonatite- related REE deposits, the most significant deposit type, include two giant deposits presently being mined in China, Bayan Obo and Maoniuping, the first and third largest deposits of this type in the world, respectively. The carbonatite-related deposits host the majority of China’s REE resource and are the primary supplier of the world’s light REE. The REE-bearing clay deposits, or ion adsorption-type deposits, are second in importance and are the main source in China for heavy REE resources. Other REE resources include those within monazite or xenotime placers, beach placers, alkaline granites, pegmatites, and hydrothermal veins, as well as some additional deposit types in which REE are recovered as by-products. Carbonatite-related REE deposits in China occur along craton margins, both in rifts (e.g., Bayan Obo) and in reactivated transpressional margins (e.g., Maoniuping). They comprise those along the northern, eastern, and southern margins of the North China block, and along the western margin of the Yangtze block. Major structural features along the craton margins provide first-order controls for REE-related Proterozoic to Cenozoic carbonatite alkaline complexes; these are emplaced in continental margin rifts or strike-slip faults. The ion adsorption-type REE deposits, mainly situated in the South China block, are genetically linked to the weathering of granite and, less commonly, volcanic rocks and lamprophyres. Indosinian (early Mesozoic) and Yanshanian (late Mesozoic) granites are the most important parent rocks for these REE deposits, although Caledonian (early Paleozoic) granites are also of local importance. The primary REE enrichment is hosted in various mineral phases in the igneous rocks and, during the weathering process, the REE are released and adsorbed by clay minerals in the weathering profile. Currently, these REE-rich clays are primarily mined from open-pit operations in southern China. The complex geologic evolution of China’s Precambrian blocks, particularly the long-term subduction of ocean crust below the North and South China blocks, enabled recycling of REE-rich pelagic sediments into mantle lithosphere. This resulted in the REE-enriched nature of the mantle below the Precambrian cratons, which were reactivated and thus essentially decratonized during various tectonic episodes throughout the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. Deep fault zones within and along the edges of the blocks, including continental rifts and strike-slip faults, provided pathways for upwelling of mantle material.
DS1981-0442
1981
Zhong, RUYUAN.Zhong, RUYUAN.The Petrochemical Characteristics of Kimberlites and Their Diamond Content.Geochimica., Vol. 27, No. 4, PP. 356-364.ChinaGeochemistry
DS1998-1638
1998
Zhong, S.Zhong, S., Gurnis, M., Moresi, L.Role of faults, nonlinear rheology, and viscosity structure in generating plates from instant... mantle.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 103, No. 7, Jul. 10, pp. 15255-68.MantleMantle flow models, Tectonics
DS1999-0835
1999
Zhong, S.Zhong, S., Davies, G.F.Effects of plate and slab viscosities on the geoidEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 170, No. 4, July 30, pp. 487-96.MantleTectonics - plate, slab, subduction
DS2000-0372
2000
Zhong, S.Gurnis, M., Ritsema, J., Zhong, S.Tonga slab deformation: the influence of a lower mantle upwelling on a slab in a young subduction zone.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 27, No. 16, Aug. 15, pp.2373-6.MantleSubduction
DS2001-1314
2001
Zhong, S.Zhong, S.Role of ocean continent contrast and continental keels on plate motion, net rotation of lithosphere .. geoid.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 106, No. 1, Jan. 10, pp. 703-12.MantleGeodynamics
DS2003-0606
2003
Zhong, S.Huang, J., Zhong, S., Van Hunen, J.Controls on sublithospheric small scale convectionJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, B8,Aug. 30., 2405 10.1029/2003JB002456MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-0855
2003
Zhong, S.Huang, J., Zhong, S., Van Hunen, J.Controls on sublithospheric small scale convection.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, B8,Aug. 30., 2405 10.1029/2003 JB002456MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-1282
2004
Zhong, S.McNamara, A.K., Zhong, S.The influence of thermochemical convection on the fixity of mantle plumes.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 222, 2, pp. 484-500.MantleGeochemistry, hot spots
DS200412-1283
2004
Zhong, S.McNamara, A.K., Zhong, S.Thermochemical structures within a spherical mantle: superplumes or piles?Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109,B7, 10.1029/2003 JB002847MantleGeothermometry
DS200412-1558
2004
Zhong, S.Podolefsky, N.S., Zhong, S., McNamara, A.K.The anisotropic and rheological structure of the oceanic upper mantle from a simple model of plate shear.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 158, 1, pp. 287-296.MantleGeodynamics
DS200512-0449
2005
Zhong, S.Huang, J., Zhong, S.Sublithospheric small scale convection and its implications for the residual topography at old ocean basins and the plate model.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, B05404 doi:10.1029/2004 JB003153MantleConvection
DS200512-0710
2005
Zhong, S.McNamara, A.K., Zhong, S.Degree mantle convection: dependence on internal heating and temperature dependent rheology.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, 1, Jan. 16, L01301 10.1029/2004 GLO21082MantleConvection
DS200612-1613
2006
Zhong, S.Zhong, S.Constraints on thermochemical convection of the mantle from plume heat flux, plume excess temperature, and upper mantle temperature.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, B4 B04409 10.1029/2005 JB003972MantleGeothermometry
DS200612-1614
2006
Zhong, S.Zhong, S., Leng, W.Dynamics of mantle plumes and their implications for the heat budget and composition of the mantle.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, 1, p. 22, abstract only.MantleGeothermometry
DS200712-0597
2007
Zhong, S.Lassak, T.M., McNamara, A.K., Zhong, S.Influence of thermochemical piles on topography at Earth's core-mantle boundary.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 261, 3-4, pp. 443-455.MantleGeothermometry
DS200712-0618
2007
Zhong, S.Leng, W., Zhong, S.Constraints on the Earth's mantle heat budget from mantle plumes.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A560.MantleGeothermometry
DS200712-1245
2007
Zhong, S.Zhong, S., Zhang, N., Xiang Li, Z., Roberts, J.H.Supercontinent cycles, true polar wander, and very long wavelength mantle convection.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 261, 3-4, pp. 551-564.MantleConvection
DS200812-0644
2008
Zhong, S.Leng, W., Zhong, S.Controls on plume heat flux and plume excess temperature.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, B 2 B04408MantleGeothermometry
DS200812-0645
2008
Zhong, S.Leng, W., Zhong, S.Controls on plume heat flux and plume excess temperature.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, B4, B04408MantlePlume
DS200912-0435
2009
Zhong, S.Leng, W., Zhong, S.More constraints on internal heating rate of the Earth's mantle from plume observations.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 36, 2, L02306MantleThermometry
DS200912-0853
2009
Zhong, S.Zhang, N., Zhong, S., McNamara, A.K.Supercontinent formation from stochastic collision and mantle convection models.Gondwana Research, Vol. 15, 3-4, pp. 267-275.MantleConvection
DS201012-0425
2010
Zhong, S.Lassak, T.M., McNamara, A.K., Garnero, E.J., Zhong, S.Core mantle boundary topography as a possible constraint on lower mantle chemistry and dynamics.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 289, pp. 232-241.MantleConvection, plumes
DS201012-0434
2010
Zhong, S.Leng, W., Zhong, S.Surface subsidence caused by mantle plumes and volcanic loading in large igneous provinces.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 291, 1-4, pp. 201-214.MantleHotspots
DS201012-0891
2010
Zhong, S.Zhang, N., Zhong, S., Leng, W.A model for the evolution of the Earth's mantle structure since the early Paleozoic.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, no. B6, B060401MantleGeodynamics
DS201312-0397
2014
Zhong, S.Carlson, R.W., Garnero, E., Harrison, T.M., Li, J., Manga, M., McDonough, W.F., Mukhopadhyay, S., Romanowicz, B., Rubie, D., Williams, Q., Zhong, S.Deep time: how did the early Earth become our modern world?Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 42, pp. 151-178.MantleConvection, composition
DS201312-0877
2013
Zhong, S.Sramek, O., McDonough, W.F., Kite, E.S., Lekic, V., Dye, S.T., Zhong, S.Geophysical and geochemical constraints on geoneutrino fluxes from Earth's mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 361, pp. 356-366.MantleTomography
DS201412-0100
2014
Zhong, S.Carlson, R.W., Garnero, E., Harrison, T.M., Li, J., Manga, M., McDonough, W.F., Mukhopadhyay, S., Romanowicz, B., Rubie, D., Williams, Q., Zhong, S.How did early Earth become our modern world?Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 42, pp. 151-178.MantleMelting
DS201412-0511
2014
Zhong, S.Li, Z-X., Zhong, S., Wang, X-C.Formation of mantle plumes and superplumes: driven by subduction?GAC-MAC Annual Meeting May, abstract 1p.MantlePlume
DS201710-2238
2017
Zhong, S.Li, M., Zhong, S.The source location of mantle plumes from 3D spherical models of mantle convection.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 478, pp. 47-58.Mantleplumes

Abstract: Mantle plumes are thought to originate from thermal boundary layers such as Earth's core-mantle boundary (CMB), and may cause intraplate volcanism such as large igneous provinces (LIPs) on the Earth's surface. Previous studies showed that the original eruption sites of deep-sourced LIPs for the last 200 Myrs occur mostly above the margins of the seismically-observed large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) in the lowermost mantle. However, the mechanism that leads to the distribution of the LIPs is not clear. The location of the LIPs is largely determined by the source location of mantle plumes, but the question is under what conditions mantle plumes form outside, at the edges, or above the middle of LLSVPs. Here, we perform 3D geodynamic calculations and theoretical analyses to study the plume source location in the lowermost mantle. We find that a factor of five decrease of thermal expansivity and a factor of two increase of thermal diffusivity from the surface to the CMB, which are consistent with mineral physics studies, significantly reduce the number of mantle plumes forming far outside of thermochemical piles (i.e., LLSVPs). An increase of mantle viscosity in the lowermost mantle also reduces number of plumes far outside of piles. In addition, we find that strong plumes preferentially form at/near the edges of piles and are generally hotter than that forming on top of piles, which may explain the observations that most LIPs occur above LLSVP margins. However, some plumes originated at pile edges can later appear above the middle of piles due to lateral movement of the plumes and piles and morphologic changes of the piles. ?65-70% strong plumes are found within 10 degrees from pile edges in our models. Although plate motion exerts significant controls over the large-scale mantle convection in the lower mantle, mantle plume formation at the CMB remains largely controlled by thermal boundary layer instability which makes it difficult to predict geographic locations of most mantle plumes. However, all our models show consistently strong plumes originating from the lowermost mantle beneath Iceland, supporting a deep mantle plume origin of the Iceland volcanism.
DS201805-0958
2018
Zhong, S.Li, M., Zhong, S., Olson, P.Linking lowermost mantle structure, core-mantle boundary heat flux and mantle plume formation.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 277, 1, pp. 10-29.MantleGeothermometry

Abstract: The dynamics of Earth’s lowermost mantle exert significant control on the formation of mantle plumes and the core-mantle boundary (CMB) heat flux. However, it is not clear if and how the variation of CMB heat flux and mantle plume activity are related. Here, we perform geodynamic model experiments that show how temporal variations in CMB heat flux and pulses of mantle plumes are related to morphologic changes of the thermochemical piles of large-scale compositional heterogeneities in Earth’s lowermost mantle, represented by the large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs). We find good correlation between the morphologic changes of the thermochemical piles and the time variation of CMB heat flux. The morphology of the thermochemical piles is significantly altered during the initiation and ascent of strong mantle plumes, and the changes in pile morphology cause variations in the local and the total CMB heat flux. Our modeling results indicate that plume-induced episodic variations of CMB heat flux link geomagnetic superchrons to pulses of surface volcanism, although the relative timing of these two phenomena remains problematic. We also find that the density distribution in thermochemical piles is heterogeneous, and that the piles are denser on average than the surrounding mantle when both thermal and chemical effects are included.
DS201812-2848
2018
Zhong, S.Mao, W, Zhong, S.Slab stagnation in the transition zone is explained by a thin, weak layer and is transient on timescales of tens or millions of years, according to a global mantle convection model that includes phase changes and plate motion.Nature Geoscience, doi:10.038/s41561-018-0225-2 (pp. 876-881.)Mantleconvection

Abstract: The linear structures of seismically fast anomalies, often interpreted as subducted slabs, in the southern Asia and circum-Pacific lower mantle provided strong evidence for the whole mantle convection model. However, recent seismic studies have consistently shown that subducted slabs are deflected horizontally for large distances in mantle transition zone in the western Pacific and other subduction zones, suggesting that the slabs meet significant resistance to their descending motion and become stagnant in the transition zone. This poses challenges to the whole mantle convection model and also brings the origin of stagnant slabs into question. Here, using a global mantle convection model with realistic spine-post-spinel phase change (?2 MPa K?¹ Clapeyron slope) and plate motion history, we demonstrate that the observed stagnant slabs in the transition zone and other slab structures in the lower mantle can be explained by the presence of a thin, weak layer at the phase change boundary that was suggested by mineral physics and geoid modelling studies. Our study also shows that the stagnant slabs mostly result from subduction in the past 20-30 million years, confirming the transient nature of slab stagnation and phase change dynamics on timescales of tens of millions of years from previous studies.
DS201212-0763
2013
Zhong, S.J.Watts, A.B., Zhong, S.J., Hunter, J.The behaviour of the lithosphere on seismic to geologic timetables.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 41, available April 2013MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS201312-0958
2013
Zhong, S.J.Watts, A.B., Zhong, S.J., Hunter, J.The behaviour of the lithosphere on seismic to geologic timescales.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 41, pp. 443-468.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS201412-0755
2014
Zhong, S.J.Rudolph, M.L., Zhong, S.J.History and dynamics of net rotation of the mantle and lithosphere.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems: G3, Vol. 15, 9 pp. 3645-3657.MantleGeodynamics
DS2001-1315
2001
Zhong, Z.Zhong, Z., Suo, S., You, Z., Zhang, H., Zhou, H.Major constituents of the Dabie collisional orogenic belt and partial melting in the ultrahigh pressure unitInternational Geology Review, Vol. 43, No. 3, March pp. 226-36.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), Tectonics
DS2002-1567
2002
Zhong, Z.Su, W., You, Z., Cong, B., Ye, K., Zhong, Z.Cluster of water molecules in garnet from ultrahigh pressure eclogiteGeology, Vol. 30, No. 7, July pp. 611-14.China, easternUHP eclogite, Dabie Shan Mountains
DS2002-1773
2002
Zhong, Z.Zhang, H., Gao, S., Zhong, Z., Zhang, B., Zhang, L., Hu, S.Geochemical and Sr Nd Pb isotopic compositions of Cretaceous granitoids: constraintsChemical Geology, Vol. 186, 2-4, pp. 281-99.China, easternUHP, Dabie Shan area
DS200412-2188
2004
Zhong, Z.You, Z., Zhong, Z., Suo, S., Zhou, H.The high temperature garnet pyroxenite enclaves in the spinel bearing peridotie: evidence for partial melting of the upper mantlActa Geologica Sinica, Vol. 78, 1, pp. 89-96.ChinaUHP, magmatism
DS200512-1065
2004
Zhong, Z.Suo, S., Zhong, Z., Zhou, H.Tectonic evolution of Dabie Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts, east-central China.Earth Science Frontiers, Vol. 11, 4, pp. 71-82. Ingenta 1045384797ChinaUHP
DS200612-1298
2005
Zhong, Z.Shutian, S., Zhong, Z., Zhou, H.Tectonic evolution of the Dabie Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts, east central China: structural record in UHP rocks.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 11, pp. 1207-1221.Asia, ChinaUHP
DS201312-0897
2012
Zhong, Z.Suo, S., Zhong, Z., Zhou, H.Two fresh types of eclogites in the Dabie Sulu UHP metamorphic belt, China: implications for the deep subduction and earliest stages of exhumation of the continental crust.Journal of Earth Science ( Chinese pub in english), Vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 775-785.ChinaUHP
DS1981-0441
1981
Zhong RuiyuanZhong RuiyuanGeochemical Characteristics of Trace Elements and Determination of Diamond Contents of Kimberlites.Geological Review., Vol. 27, No. 2, PP. 96-107.ChinaGeochemistry, Genesis
DS1983-0650
1983
Zhong RuiyuanZhong RuiyuanPetrochemical Characteristics of Kimberlites and Identification of Their Diamond Bearing Potentiality.Geochemistry, Vol. 2, No. 3, PP. 233-242.ChinaGeochemistry
DS1983-0651
1983
Zhong ruiyuan, LIU BINGGUANG.Zhong ruiyuan, LIU BINGGUANG.Kimberlites from North ChinaGeochemical Journal, Vol. 17, No. 4, PP. 209-213.China, Shandong, LiaoningProspecting, Occurrences, Mineralogy, Petrology
DS201012-0895
2010
Zhonghua, S.Zhonghua, S., Taijin, L., Mendong, S., Jun, S., Jing, D., Xihuan, Z.2010 coated and fracture filled coloured diamond.The Australian Gemmologist, Vol. 24, 1,TechnologyDiamond filling
DS201212-0831
2010
Zhonghua, S.Zhonghua, S., Taijin, L., Meidong, S.Coated and fracture filled coloured diamond.The Australian Gemmologist, Vol. 24, 2, Apr-June pp.TechnologyDiamond - morphology
DS201212-0832
2011
Zhonghua, S.Zhonghua, S., Taijin, L., Meidong, S., Jun, S., Jingjing, S.High quality synthetic yellow orange diamond emerges in China.The Australian Gemmologist, Vol. 24, 7, July-Sept pp.TechnologySynthetics
DS201511-1894
2014
Zhonghua, S.Zhonghua, S., Taijin, L., Meidong, S., Jun, S., Jing, D., Xikuan, Z.Coated and fracture filled coloured diamond.Australian Gemmologist, Vol. 24, 2, pp. 41-43.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS201511-1895
2014
Zhonghua, S.Zhonghua, S., Taijin, L., Meidong, S., Jun, S., Jingjing, S.High quality synthetic yellow orange diamond emerges in China.Australian Gemmologist, Vol. 24, 7, pp. 167-170.ChinaSynthetics
DS200712-0980
2006
Zhongxin, Y.Shihong, T., Tiping, D., Jingwen, M., Yanhe, L., Zhongxin, Y.S, C, O, H isotope dat a and noble gas studies of the Maoniuping LREE deposit, Sichuan Province, China: a mantle connection for mineralization.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 80, 4, pp. 540-549.ChinaAlkaline rocks, rare earths, carbonatite
DS1993-1772
1993
Zhongxin YuanWu Chengyu, Ge Bai, Zhongxin Yuan, Nakajima, T., Ishihara, S.Proterozoic metamorphic rock hosted Zirconium, Yttrium and heavy rare earth elements (HREE) mineralization in the Dabie Mountain area.International Geology Review, Vol. 35, No. 9, pp. 898-919.ChinaCarbonatite, Rare earth
DS1984-0409
1984
Zhotulya, B.D.Khmelevskiy, A.A., Zhotulya, B.D.The genesis of ismometric quartz crystals from diamond bearing sedimentary deposits of Yakutia.(Russian)Mineral Sbornik (L'Vov), (Russian), Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 84-86RussiaCrystallography
DS1994-1994
1994
ZhouZhou, Mei-Fuplatinum group elements (PGE) distribution in 2.7 Ga layered komatiite flows from the Belingwe greenstone belt, ZimbabweChemical Geology, Vol. 118, pp. 155-172ZimbabweGreenstone belt, Platinum, platinum group elements (PGE)
DS1996-0023
1996
ZhouAmes, L., Zhou, XiongGeochronology and isotopic character of ultrahigh pressure metamorphism with implications for collision of the Sino Korean and Yangtze Cratons, centralChina.Tectonics, Vol. 15, No. 2, Apr. pp. 472-89.Chinametamorphism
DS2000-1035
2000
ZhouXu-Feng, H., Robinson, P.T., Wenji Bai, ZhouDiamonds in ophiolites - fact or fictionGeological Association of Canada (GAC)/Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Calgary May 2000, 3p.China, TibetOphiolite - Luobusa, podiforM.
DS2001-0181
2001
ZhouChen, S., O'Reilly, S., Zhou, Griffin, Zhang, Sun, FengThermal and petrological structure of the lithosphere beneath Hannuoba, Sino Korean Craton, evidence xenolithLithos, Vol. 56, pp. 267-301.ChinaXenoliths, trace elements, structure
DS2001-0686
2001
ZhouLi, X., Zhou, Liu, KinneyUranium-Lead- zircon geochronology, geochemistry Nd isotopic study Neoproterozoic bimodal volcanics Kangdian RiftTectonophysics, Vol. 342, No. 3-4, Dec. pp. 135-54.China, SouthGeochronology, Rodinia
DS2001-1302
2001
ZhouZhang, H.F., Sun, M., Lu, Zhou, Zhou, Liu, ZhangGeochemical significance of a garnet lherzolite from the Dahongshan kimberlite Yangtze Craton.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 315-32.China, SouthernGeochemistry, Deposit - Dahongshan
DS2001-1302
2001
ZhouZhang, H.F., Sun, M., Lu, Zhou, Zhou, Liu, ZhangGeochemical significance of a garnet lherzolite from the Dahongshan kimberlite Yangtze Craton.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 315-32.China, SouthernGeochemistry, Deposit - Dahongshan
DS2002-1685
2002
ZhouWang, X., Griffin, O'Reilly, Zhou, Xu, Jackson, PearsonMorphology and geochemistry of zircons from late Mesozoic igneous complexes in coastal SE China:Mineralogical Magazine, Vol.66,2,pp. 235-52., Vol.66,2,pp. 235-52.China, southeastPetrogenesis
DS2002-1686
2002
ZhouWang, X., Griffin, O'Reilly, Zhou, Xu, Jackson, PearsonMorphology and geochemistry of zircons from late Mesozoic igneous complexes in coastal SE China:Mineralogical Magazine, Vol.66,2,pp. 235-52., Vol.66,2,pp. 235-52.China, southeastPetrogenesis
DS200512-1262
2005
ZhouZheng, Y-F., Zhou, J-B, Wu, Y-B., Xie, Z.Low grade metamorphic rocks in the Dabie Sulu orogenic belt: a passive margin accretionary wedge deformed during continent subduction.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 7, pp. 851-871.Asia, ChinaSubduction
DS201112-1169
2011
ZhouZhao, Z., Niu, Y., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, Hou, Zhang, Xie, Zhang, LiuDelamination and ultra deep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultra high pressure metamorphic rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.ChinaUHP - Dabie
DS1994-1992
1994
Zhou, B.Zhou, B., Mills, K.J.Correlation between the Wonominta and the Broken Hill Blocks in western New south Wales: evidence neodymium isotopesAustralian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 6, Dec. pp. 605-608AustraliaGeochronology, Broken Hill Block
DS201412-0445
2014
Zhou, C.Kato, T., Kinoshita, Y., Nishiyama, N., Wada, K., Zhou, C., Irifune, T.Magnesium silicate perovskite coexisting with ring woodite in harzburgite stagnated at the lowermost mantle transition zone.Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Parts A,B,C, Vol. 232, pp. 26-29.MantlePerovskite
DS201701-0020
2016
Zhou, C.Liu, Z., Du, W., Shinmei, T., Greaux, S., Zhou, C., Arimoto, T., Kunimoto, T., Irifune, T.Garnets in the majorite pyrope system: symmetry, lattice microstain, and order-disorder of cations.Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, in press available 9p.TechnologyGarnet morphology

Abstract: We present a systematic experimental study on the phase transition, lattice microstrain, and order-disorder of cations for garnets in the majorite-pyrope system. Polycrystalline gem-quality garnets were synthesized at high pressure and high temperature using a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus. A phase transition from a cubic to tetragonal structure is clearly observed for garnets with the majorite content of more than 74 mol % through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering studies. Microstrain of garnets, evaluated with the Williamson-Hall plot on XRD profiles, shows a nonlinear dependence of the garnet compositions. The variation of the XRD peak broadening suggests the lattice microstrain of these garnets may be associated with the local structural heterogeneities due to the substitution of different cations via the coupled substitution (Mg2+ + Si4+ = 2Al3+) in the garnet structure. The width variation of Raman scattering peaks indicates that cation disorder occurs in the garnet structure for intermediate compositions. It is found that intermediate garnets and end-members have a minimum of microstrain, while those between end-members and intermediate compositions possess a larger microstrain.
DS2003-0850
2003
Zhou, C.H.Luo, J.C., Zheng, J., Leung, Y., Zhou, C.H.A knowledge integrated stepwise optimization model for feature mining in remotelyInternational Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 24, 23, pp. 4661-80.GlobalGIS
DS200412-1184
2003
Zhou, C.H.Luo, J.C., Zheng, J., Leung, Y., Zhou, C.H.A knowledge integrated stepwise optimization model for feature mining in remotely sensed images.International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 24, no. 23, Dec.pp. 4661-80.TechnologyGIS
DS2001-1316
2001
Zhou, D.Zhou, D., Grhan, S.A., Chang, E.Z., Wang, B., Hacker, B.Paleozoic tectonic amalgamation of the Chinese Tian Shan: evidence from a transect along the Dushanzi-KugaGeological Society of America Memoir, No. 194, pp. 23-46.ChinaTectonics
DS1993-0029
1993
Zhou, G.Ames, L., Tilton, G.R., Zhou, G.Timing of collision of the Sino-Korean and Yangtse cratons: uranium-lead (U-Pb) (U-Pb) zircon dating of coesite-bearing eclogitesGeology, Vol. 21, No. 4, April pp. 339-342ChinaDabie Mountains, Diamonds
DS1996-1607
1996
Zhou, G.Zhou, G., Zou, H.Precambrian high pressure metamorphic rocks within the Collision zone Of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks.International Geology Review, Vol. 38, pp. 87-93.Chinametamorphism
DS1998-0871
1998
Zhou, G.Li, Y., Qian, Y., Zhou, G.A reproduction pyrolysis catalysis synthesis of diamondScience, Vol. 281, No. 5374, July 10, pp. 246-7.GlobalDiamond - synthetic
DS201812-2840
2018
Zhou, G.Li, Y., Zhang, J., Mustofa, K.M.G., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Cai, Z., Li, P., Zhou, G., Fu, C., Mao, X.Petrogenesis of carbonatites in the Luliangshan region, North Qaidam, northern Tibet, China: evidence for recycling of sedimentary carbonate and mantle metasomatism within a subduction zone.Lithos, Vol. 322, pp. 148-165.China, Tibetcarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatitic magmatism in subduction zones provides extremely valuable information on the cycling, behavior and storage of deep carbon within the Earth. It may also shed light on insights into crust-mantle interaction and mantle metasomatism within subduction zones. Origin of carbonatite has long been debated: all hypotheses need to reflect the different mineral assemblages and geochemical compositions of carbonatites and their diverse tectonic settings. Here we present a petrological, geochronological, geochemical and isotopic study of carbonatite bodies associated with orogenic peridotites, which occur as stocks or dykes with widths of tens to hundreds of meters in the Luliangshan region, North Qaidam, northern Tibet, China. On the basis of modal olivine (Ol) content, the studied samples were subdivided into two groups: Ol-poor carbonatite and Ol-rich carbonatite. Zircon grains from the Ol-poor carbonatite show detrital features, and yield a wide age spectrum between 400?Ma and 1000?Ma with a pronounced peak at ca. 410-430?Ma. By contrast, oscillatory zoned zircons and inherited cores show two relatively small Neoproterozoic age peaks at ca. 920 and 830?Ma. Zircon grains from the Ol-rich carbonatite sample are also distributed in a wide spectrum between 400 and 1000?Ma, with a pronounced peak at ca. 440?Ma and a slightly inferior peak at ca. 410?Ma. The oscillatory zoned zircons and inherited cores exhibit a smaller Neoproterozoic age peak at ca. 740?Ma. The pronounced peaks ranging from 430 to 410?Ma are consistent with the deep subduction and mantle metasomatic events recorded in associated ultramafic rocks. Both groups of carbonatites are characterized by enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREEs) with high (La/Yb)N values and pronounced negative Eu anomalies. They show high 87Sr/86Sr values (0.708156-0.709004), low 143Nd/144Nd values (0.511932-0.512013) and high ?18OV-SMOW values (+17.9 to +21.3‰). This geochemical and isotopic evidence suggests that these carbonatites were derived from remobilized sedimentary carbonate rocks. We propose that the primary carbonatite magma was formed by partial melting of sedimentary carbonates with mantle contributions. Sedimentary carbonates were subducted into the shallow upper mantle where they melted and formed diapirs that moved upwards through the hot mantle wedge. The case presented provides a rare example of carbonatite originating from sedimentary carbonates with mantle contributions and relevant information on the mantle metasomatism within a subduction zone.
DS202101-0044
2021
Zhou, G.Zhang, M., Wang, C., Zhang, Qi., Qin, Y., Shen, J., Hu, X., Zhou, G., Li, S.Temporal-spatial analysis of alkaline rocks based in GEOROC. Not specific to diamondsApplied Geochemistry, Vol. 124, 104853 8p. PdfAsia, TibetGEOROC
DS2001-1315
2001
Zhou, H.Zhong, Z., Suo, S., You, Z., Zhang, H., Zhou, H.Major constituents of the Dabie collisional orogenic belt and partial melting in the ultrahigh pressure unitInternational Geology Review, Vol. 43, No. 3, March pp. 226-36.Chinaultra high pressure (UHP), Tectonics
DS2002-0942
2002
Zhou, H.Li, X., Li, Z.X., Zhou, H., Liu, Y., Kinny, P.D.U Pb zircon geochronology, geochemistry and Nd isotopic study of Neoproterozoic bimodal volcanic rocks...Precambrian Research, Vol. 113, No. 1-2, pp. 135-54.China, SouthTectonics, rifting Rodinia, Kangdian Rift, uranium, lead
DS2002-0943
2002
Zhou, H.Li, X.H., Zhou, H., Chung, S.L., Lo, Ch., Wei, G., Liu, Y., Lee, C.Geochemical and Sr Nd isotopic characteristics of Late Paleogene ultrapotassic magmatism in southeast Tibet.International Geology Review, Vol. 44, 6, pp. 559-74.TibetGeochemistry, geochronology, magmatism
DS2002-0944
2002
Zhou, H.Li, Z. X., Zhou, H., Kinny, P.D.Grenvillian continental collision in south China: new shrimp U Pb zircon results and implications configure..Geology, Vol. 30, No. 2, Feb. pp.163-6.China, southGeochronology, orogeny, Rodinia, uranium lead geochronology
DS2003-0605
2003
Zhou, H.Huang, F., Li, S., Zhou, H.U Pb isotopic geochemistry of the post collisional mafic ultramafic rocks from the DabieScience in China Series D Earth Sciences, Vol. 46, 4, pp. 320-332.ChinaGeochemistry - UHP
DS2003-0817
2003
Zhou, H.Li, Z.X., Li, X.H., Kinny, P.D., Wang, J., Zhang, S., Zhou, H.Geochronology of Neoproterozoic syn-rift magmatism in the Yangtze Craton, SouthPrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.85-109.China, RodiniaGeochronology, Magmatism
DS200412-0854
2003
Zhou, H.Huang, F., Li, S., Zhou, H.U Pb isotopic geochemistry of the post collisional mafic ultramafic rocks from the Dabie Mountains - crust mantle interaction anScience China Earth Sciences, Vol. 46, 4, pp. 320-332.ChinaGeochemistry - UHP
DS200412-1134
2003
Zhou, H.Li, Z.X., Li, X.H., Kinny, P.D., Wang, J., Zhang, S., Zhou, H.Geochronology of Neoproterozoic syn-rift magmatism in the Yangtze Craton, South Chin a and correlations with other continents: evPrecambrian Research, Vol. 122, 1-4, pp.85-109.China, RodiniaGeochronology Magmatism
DS200412-2188
2004
Zhou, H.You, Z., Zhong, Z., Suo, S., Zhou, H.The high temperature garnet pyroxenite enclaves in the spinel bearing peridotie: evidence for partial melting of the upper mantlActa Geologica Sinica, Vol. 78, 1, pp. 89-96.ChinaUHP, magmatism
DS200512-1065
2004
Zhou, H.Suo, S., Zhong, Z., Zhou, H.Tectonic evolution of Dabie Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts, east-central China.Earth Science Frontiers, Vol. 11, 4, pp. 71-82. Ingenta 1045384797ChinaUHP
DS200612-1298
2005
Zhou, H.Shutian, S., Zhong, Z., Zhou, H.Tectonic evolution of the Dabie Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts, east central China: structural record in UHP rocks.International Geology Review, Vol. 47, 11, pp. 1207-1221.Asia, ChinaUHP
DS200812-0674
2008
Zhou, H.Liu, D., Wilde, S.A, Wan, Y., Wu, J., Zhou, H., Dong, C., Yin, X.New U Pb and Hf isotopic dat a confirm Anshan as the oldest preserved segment of the North Chin a Craton.American Journal of Science, Vol. 308, 3, pp. 200-231.ChinaGeochronology
DS200812-1052
2008
Zhou, H.Shen, X., Zhou, H., Kawakatsu, H.Mapping the upper mantle discontinuities beneath Chin a with teleseismic receiver functions.Earth Planets and Space, Vol. 60, 7, pp. 713-720.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS201312-0212
2013
Zhou, H.Dick, H.J.B., Zhou, H.Focused mantle melting.Goldschmidt 2013, AbstractMantleMelting
DS201312-0897
2012
Zhou, H.Suo, S., Zhong, Z., Zhou, H.Two fresh types of eclogites in the Dabie Sulu UHP metamorphic belt, China: implications for the deep subduction and earliest stages of exhumation of the continental crust.Journal of Earth Science ( Chinese pub in english), Vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 775-785.ChinaUHP
DS1986-0898
1986
Zhou, J.Zhou, J.LIL- bearing Ti-chromium-iron oxides in Chinese kimberlitesProceedings of the Fourth International Kimberlite Conference, Held Perth, Australia, No. 16, pp. 100-102ChinaPriderite, Crichtonite, Yiemengite
DS1999-0419
1999
Zhou, J.Liu, X., Dong, S., Xue, H., Zhou, J.Significance of allanite ( Ce) in granitic gneisses from the ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terrane...Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 63, No. 4, Aug. pp. 579-86.Chinametamorphism, Dabie Shan area
DS200412-2155
2004
Zhou, J.Xie, Z., Zheng, Y-F., Jahn, B-M., Ballevre, M., Chen, J., Gautier, P., Gao, T., Gong, B., Zhou, J.Sm Nd and Rb Sr dating of pyroxene garnetite from North Dabie in east centra China: problem of isotope disequilibrium due to retChemical Geology, Vol. 206, 1-2, May 28, pp. 137-158.ChinaUHP, eclogite, geochronology
DS200512-1263
2005
Zhou, J.Zhenyu, C., Yuchuan, C., Denghong, W., Xu, J., Zhou, J.Rutiles in eclogite from the Sulu UHPM terrane: a preliminary study.Mineral deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge. 8th Biennial SGA Beijing, Aug. 18-22, 2005. Springer, Chapter 7-3, pp. 731-734.ChinaUHP
DS201012-0894
2010
Zhou, J.Zhong, J.P., Griffin, W.L., Sun, M., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhang, H.F., Zhou, J., Xiao, L., Tang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.Tectonic affinity of the west Qingling terrane ( central Chin a): North Chin a or Yangtze?Tectonics, Vol. 29, 2, TC2009ChinaTectonics
DS201906-1318
2019
Zhou, J.Liu, Z., Liu, L., Huang, M., Fei, H., Zhou, J., Zhang, Y., Hao, Z.New progress in deep Earth exploration and application. Overview of conferenceActa Geologica Sinica, Vol. 93, 2, pp. 499-501. in ENGChinageodynamics
DS1987-0832
1987
Zhou, J.X.Zhou, J.X.An occurrence of shoshonites near Kimmelford in the Scottish Caledonides and its tectonic implicationsJournal of the Geological Society of London, Vol. 144, No. 5, September pp. 699-706ScotlandShoshonite
DS200612-0607
2006
Zhou, J-B.Huang, J., Zheng, Y-F., Zhao, Z.F., Wu, Y-B., Zhou, J-B., Liu, X.Melting of subducted continent: element and isotopic evidence for a genetic relationship between Neoproterozoic and Mesozoic granitoids in the Sulu orogen.Chemical Geology, Vol. 229, 4, May 30, pp. 227-256.ChinaGeochronology, rift magmatism, subduction
DS200612-1615
2006
Zhou, J-C.Zhou, J-C., Jiang, S-Y.Mesozoic bimodel volcanics in SE China: implications for both upwelling of asthenosphere and mantle crust interactions.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 18, p. 23. abstract only.ChinaPlume
DS201902-0292
2019
Zhou, K.Liu, Y., Cheng, Q., Zhou, K.New insights into element distribution patterns in geochemistry: a perspective from fractal density.Natural Resources Research, Vol. 28, 1, 25p.Chinageochemistry

Abstract: Multifractal features of element concentrations in the Earth’s crust have demonstrated to be closely associated with multiple probability distributions such as normal, lognormal and power law. However, traditional understanding of geochemical distribution satisfying normal, lognormal or power-law models still faces a serious problem in adjusting theoretical statistics with the empirical distribution. Given that the differences among different geochemical distribution populations may have considerable effects on the target estimation, a new perspective from the singularity of fractal density is adopted to investigate mixed geochemical distribution patterns within frequency and space domains. In the framework of fractal geometry, ordinary density such as volume density (e.g., g/cm3 and kg/m3) described in Euclidean space can be considered as a special case of the fractal density (e.g., g/cm? and kg/m?). According to the nature of fractal density, geochemical information obtained from Euclidean geometry may not sufficiently reflect inherent geochemical features, because some information might be hidden within fractal geometry that can be only revealed by means of a set of fractional dimensions. In the present study, stream sediment geochemical data collected from west Tianshan region, Xinjiang (China), were used to explore element distribution patterns in the Earth’s crust based on a fractal density model. Four elements Cu, Zn, K and Na were selected to study the differences between minor and major elements in terms of their geochemical distribution patterns. The results strongly suggest that element distribution patterns can be well revealed and interpreted by means of a fractal density model and related statistical and multifractal parameters.
DS201912-2838
2019
Zhou, K.Zhou, K., Chen, Y-X., Zhang, S-B., Zheng, Y-F.Zircon evidence for the Eoarchean ( ~3.7 Ga) crustal remnant in the Sulu orogen, eastern China.Precambrian Research, Vol. 337, 18p. PdfChinageochemistry

Abstract: Zircon provides one of the best records of the formation and reworking of continental crust in the early Earth. However, Hadean to Eoarchean zircons are relatively scarce worldwide. Here we present the first report of relict Eoarchean magmatic zircons in granitic gneisses from the Sulu Orogen, eastern China. Based on internal structures, trace element contents, and U-Pb ages, we identified four groups of zircon domains with U-Pb ages of?~?3.7?Ga (Group I), ~2.1?Ga (Group II), ~790?Ma (Group III), and?~720?Ma (Group IV). Group I domains exhibit variable Th/U ratios, steep HREE patterns, and negative Eu anomalies. They yield lower intercept U-Pb ages of 1.82-1.95?Ga and discordia upper intercept ages of 3.65-3.69?Ga that are similar to the oldest concordant spot age of 3680?±?29?Ma. This indicates their growth from an Eoarchean magma and reworking during the Paleoproterozoic. The oldest Eoarchean domains with U-Pb ages of 3606?±?28 to 3680?±?29?Ma have low P contents of 216-563?ppm and high (Y?+?REE)/P molar ratios of 1.13-3.34, consistent with an igneous source. They show ?Hf(t) values of -2.8 to -0.9 at 3.67?Ga and TCHUR2 ages of 3.7-4.0?Ga, suggesting the growth of juvenile crust during the early Eoarchean. Group II to IV domains have consistent TDM2 ages of 2.6-3.0?Ga, suggesting that they grew during multiple reworkings of the Archean crust. Group II domains have variable Th/U ratios and steep to flattened HREE patterns that suggest growth during Paleoproterozoic crustal anatexis. Groups III and IV zircon domains have Th/U ratios and trace element contents that indicate growth from magmas that formed during Neoproterozoic continental rifting. In view of the unique feature of Neoproterozoic rifting magmatism in South China, the relict Eoarchean magmatic zircons would have originated in the Yangtze Craton and then undergone multiple phases of reworking during the Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic. The results indicate the presence of?~3.7?Ga relict magmatic zircons in the Sulu Orogen, and they represent the oldest remnants of crustal material in the Yangtze Craton.
DS200412-1165
2004
Zhou, L.Liu, Y., Gao, S., Yuan, H., Zhou, L., Liu, X., Wang, X., Hu, Z., Wang, L.U Pb zircon ages and Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopes of lower crustal xenoliths from North Chin a Craton: insights on evolution of lowerChemical Geology, Vol. 211, 1-2, Nov. 8, pp. 87-109.ChinaGeochronology
DS202012-2254
2020
Zhou, L.Wang, Z-Y., Fan, H-R., Zhou, L., Yang, K-F., She, H-D.Carbonatite-related REE deposits: an overview.MDPI Minerals, Vol. 10, 965 doi:103390/min10110965, 26p. PdfChinacarbonatite, REE

Abstract: The rare earth elements (REEs) have unique and diverse properties that make them function as an “industrial vitamin” and thus, many countries consider them as strategically important resources. China, responsible for more than 60% of the world’s REE production, is one of the REE-rich countries in the world. Most REE (especially light rare earth elements (LREE)) deposits are closely related to carbonatite in China. Such a type of deposit may also contain appreciable amounts of industrially critical metals, such as Nb, Th and Sc. According to the genesis, the carbonatite-related REE deposits can be divided into three types: primary magmatic type, hydrothermal type and carbonatite weathering-crust type. This paper provides an overview of the carbonatite-related endogenetic REE deposits, i.e., primary magmatic type and hydrothermal type. The carbonatite-related endogenetic REE deposits are mainly distributed in continental margin depression or rift belts, e.g., Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit, and orogenic belts on the margin of craton such as the Miaoya Nb-REE deposit. The genesis of carbonatite-related endogenetic REE deposits is still debated. It is generally believed that the carbonatite magma is originated from the low-degree partial melting of the mantle. During the evolution process, the carbonatite rocks or dykes rich in REE were formed through the immiscibility of carbonate-silicate magma and fractional crystallization of carbonate minerals from carbonatite magma. The ore-forming elements are mainly sourced from primitive mantle, with possible contribution of crustal materials that carry a large amount of REE. In the magmatic-hydrothermal system, REEs migrate in the form of complexes, and precipitate corresponding to changes of temperature, pressure, pH and composition of the fluids. A simple magmatic evolution process cannot ensure massive enrichment of REE to economic values. Fractional crystallization of carbonate minerals and immiscibility of melts and hydrothermal fluids in the hydrothermal evolution stage play an important role in upgrading the REE mineralization. Future work of experimental petrology will be fundamental to understand the partitioning behaviors of REE in magmatic-hydrothermal system through simulation of the metallogenic geological environment. Applying "comparative metallogeny" methods to investigate both REE fertile and barren carbonatites will enhance the understanding of factors controlling the fertility.
DS202103-0426
2021
Zhou, L.Zhou, L., Chai, C., Zhang, W., Song, Y., Zhang, Z., Yang, Y.oI20-carbon: a new superhard carbon allotrope.Diamond & Related Materials, Vol. 113, 108284, 8p. PdfGlobalcarbon

Abstract: A new orthorhombic carbon crystal denoted oI20?carbon possessing the Immm space group was designed. Its structure is formed by stacking of a cage structure, which consists of 32 carbon atoms. Its stability and structural, mechanical and electronic properties were investigated by first-principles simulations. Density functional theory calculations show that this new carbon allotrope is thermodynamically stable (even more stable than synthesized T?carbon and supercubane). Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations show that it can maintain the structure above a temperature of 1000 K, indicating its excellent thermal stability. oI20?carbon can also maintain dynamic stability under a high pressure of 100 GPa. It is an anisotropic superhard material with a Vickers hardness of 46.62 GPa. Notably, the cage structure gives it a low density, which has a really small value among superhard carbon allotropes. In addition, it is worth noting that oI20?carbon has an indirect ultrawide band structure with a bandgap of 4.55 eV (HSE06), which is higher than that of most previously reported superhard carbon allotropes. All these outstanding properties show that it is a potential material for high-temperature, high-frequency electronic devices and the aerospace industry.
DS201112-1172
2011
Zhou, L-G.Zhou, L-G., Xia, Q-X., Zheng, Y-F., Chen, R-X.Multistage growth of garnet in ultrahigh pressure eclogite during continental collision in the Dabie Orogen: constrained by trace elements and U Pb ages.Lithos, Vol. 127, 1-2, pp. 101-127.ChinaUHP
DS201608-1450
2016
Zhou, Li-M.Wang, R., Collins, W.J., Weinberg, R.F., Li, J-X., Li, Q-Y., He, W-Y., Richards, J.P., Hou, Z., Zhou, Li-M., Stern, R.A.Xenoliths in ultrapotassic volcanic rocks in the Lhasa block: direct evidence for crust mantle mixing and metamorphism in the deep crust.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, in press available 19p.Asia, TibetMelting

Abstract: Felsic granulite xenoliths entrained in Miocene (~13 Ma) isotopically evolved, mantle-derived ultrapotassic volcanic (UPV) dykes in southern Tibet are refractory meta-granitoids with garnet and rutile in a near-anhydrous quartzo-feldspathic assemblage. High F-Ti (~4 wt.% TiO2 and ~3 wt.% F) phlogopite occurs as small inclusions in garnet, except for one sample where it occurs as flakes in a quartz-plagioclase-rich rock. High Si (~3.45) phengite is found as flakes in another xenolith sample. The refractory mineralogy suggests that the xenoliths underwent high-T and high-P metamorphism (800-850 °C, >15 kbar). Zircons show four main age groupings: 1.0-0.5 Ga, 50-45, 35-20, and 16-13 Ma. The oldest group is similar to common inherited zircons in the Gangdese belt, whereas the 50-45 Ma zircons match the crystallization age and juvenile character (?Hfi +0.5 to +6.5) of Eocene Gangdese arc magmas. Together these two age groups indicate that a component of the xenolith was sourced from Gangdese arc rocks. The 35-20 Ma Miocene ages are derived from zircons with similar Hf-O isotopic composition as the Eocene Gangdese magmatic zircons. They also have similar steep REE curves, suggesting they grew in the absence of garnet. These zircons mark a period of early Miocene remelting of the Eocene Gangdese arc. By contrast, the youngest zircons (13.0 ± 4.9 Ma, MSWD = 1.3) are not zoned, have much lower HREE contents than the previous group, and flat HREE patterns. They also have distinctive high Th/U ratios, high zircon ?18O (+8.73-8.97 ‰) values, and extremely low ?Hfi (?12.7 to ?9.4) values. Such evolved Hf-O isotopic compositions are similar to values of zircons from the UPV lavas that host the xenolith, and the flat REE pattern suggests that the 13 Ma zircons formed in equilibrium with garnet. Garnets from a strongly peraluminous meta-tonalite xenolith are weakly zoned or unzoned and fall into four groups, three of which are almandine-pyrope solid solutions and have low ?18O (+6 to 7.5 ‰), intermediate (?18O +8.5 to 9.0 ‰), and high ?18O (+11.0 to 12.0 ‰). The fourth is almost pure andradite with ?18O 10-12 ‰. Both the low and intermediate ?18O groups show significant variation in Fe content, whereas the two high ?18O groups are compositionally homogeneous. We interpret these features to indicate that the low and intermediate ?18O group garnets grew in separate fractionating magmas that were brought together through magma mixing, whereas the high ?18O groups formed under high-grade metamorphic conditions accompanied by metasomatic exchange. The garnets record complex, open-system magmatic and metamorphic processes in a single rock. Based on these features, we consider that ultrapotassic magmas interacted with juvenile 35-20 Ma crust after they intruded in the deep crust (>50 km) at ~13 Ma to form hybridized Miocene granitoid magmas, leaving a refractory residue. The ~13 Ma zircons retain the original, evolved isotopic character of the ultrapotassic magmas, and the garnets record successive stages of the melting and mixing process, along with subsequent high-grade metamorphism followed by low-temperature alteration and brecciation during entrainment and ascent in a late UPV dyke. This is an excellent example of in situ crust-mantle hybridization in the deep Tibetan crust.
DS1993-0064
1993
Zhou, M.Bai, W.J., Robinson, P.T., Zhou, M.Diamond -bearing peridotites from Tibetan ophiolites: implications for a subduction related origin of diamondsMid-continent diamonds Geological Association of Canada (GAC)-Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Symposium ABSTRACT volume, held Edmonton May, pp. 77-84China, TibetOphiolites
DS1993-1814
1993
Zhou, M.Zhao, D., Smith, D.G.W. Smith, Zhou, M., Jang, J., Deng, C., Huang, Y.Yinniugou lamproites in Datong, northern Shanxi Province, Chin a: first occurrence in the North Chin a craton.Mid-continent diamonds Geological Association of Canada (GAC)-Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Symposium ABSTRACT volume, held Edmonton May, pp. 133-140.ChinaLamproite, Craton, tectonics
DS1994-1993
1994
Zhou, M.F.Zhou, M.F., Robinson, P.T., Bai, W.J.Formation of podiform chromitites by melt/rock interaction in the uppermantle.Mineralium Deposita, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 98-101.Mantle, ChinaHarzburgite, Lherzolites
DS2002-1789
2002
Zhou, M.F.Zhao, T.P., Zhou, M.F., Zhai, M., Xia, B.Paleoproterozoic rift related volcanism of the Xiong'er group, north Chin a Craton: implications for the breakup of Columbia.International Geology Review, Vol. 44, 4, pp. 336-51.ChinaTectonics - rifting
DS2003-1556
2003
Zhou, M.F.Zhaochong, Z., Jingwen, M., Robinson, P.T., Zhou, M.F., Guochao, Z., JianminThe Aoyougou mafic ultramafic complex in the North Qilian Mountains northwestInternational Geology Review, Vol. 45, 9, pp. 841-856.China, northwestMagmatism
DS200412-2221
2003
Zhou, M.F.Zhaochong, Z., Jingwen, M., Robinson, P.T., Zhou, M.F., Guochao, Z., Jianmin, Y., Zhiliang, W., Zuoheng, Z.The Aoyougou mafic ultramafic complex in the North Qilian Mountains northwest China: a possible middle Proterozoic ophiolite aloInternational Geology Review, Vol. 45, 9, pp. 841-856.ChinaMagmatism
DS200512-1260
2005
Zhou, M.F.Zheng, J., Sun, M., Zhou, M.F., Robinson, P.Trace elemental and PGE geochemical constraints of Mesozoic and Cenozoic peridotitic xenoliths on lithospheric evolution of the North Chin a Craton.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 69, 13, pp. 3401-3418.Asia, ChinaXenoliths
DS200812-1322
2008
Zhou, M.F.Zheng, J.P., Sun, M., Griffin, W.L., Zhou, M.F., Zhao, G.C., Robinson, P., Tang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.H.Age and geochemistry of contrasting peridotite types in the Dabie UHP belt, eastern China: petrogenetic and geodynamic implications.Chemical Geology, Vol. 247, pp. 282-304.ChinaUHP
DS201412-0384
2014
Zhou, M.F.Huang, X-W., Zhou, M.F., Qiu, Y-Z., Qi, L.In situ LA-ICP-MS trace element analyses of magnetite: the Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit, north China.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 65, pp. 884-899.ChinaDeposit - Bayan Obo
DS201906-1366
2019
Zhou, M.F.Zhou, M.F., Li, X.C., Chen, W.T., Li, M.Y.H.Rare earth element deposits in China.3rd International Critical Metals Meeting held Edinburgh, 1p.abstract p. 65.Chinadeposit - Bayan Obo
DS1994-1995
1994
Zhou, M-F.Zhou, M-F., Robinson, P.T.High chromium and high Aluminum podiform chromitites western China: relationship to partial melting in upper mantle.International Geology Review, Vol. 36, No. 7, July pp. 678-686.ChinaMantle, Dabie Shan area
DS2002-1792
2002
Zhou, M-F.Zhou, M-F., Yan, D-P., Kennedy, A.K., Li, Y., Ding, J.SHRIMP U Pb zircon geochronology and geochemical evidence for Neoproterozoic arc magmatism along marginEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol.196, 1-2, Feb.28, pp.51-67.China, SouthYangtze Block - western margin, Geochemistry, uranium, lead isotopes
DS201012-0889
2010
Zhou, M-F.Zhang, H-F., Zhou, M-F., Sun, M., Zhou, X-H.The origin of Mengyin and Fuxian Diamondiferous kimberlites from the North Chin a craton: implications for Paleozoic subducted oceanic slab mantle interactJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 37, 5-6, pp. 425-437.ChinaDeposit genesis
DS201112-0871
2004
Zhou, M-F.Robinson, P.T., Bai, W-J., Malpas, J., Yang, J-S., Zhou, M-F., Fang, Q-S., Hu, X-F., Cameron, StaudigelUltra high pressure minerals in the Loubasa ophiolite, Tibet and their tectonic implications.Aspects of the Tectonic evolution of China, Editors Fletcher, Ali, Aitchison, Geological Society Of America, Spec. Pub.226, pp.247-71China, TibetUHP
DS201502-0093
2014
Zhou, M-F.Robinson, P.T., Trumbull, R.B., Schmitt, A., Yang, J-S., Li, J-W., Zhou, M-F., Erzinger, J., Dare, S., Xiong, F.The origin and significance of crustal minerals in ophiolitic chromitites and peridotites.Gondwana Research, Vol. 27 2, pp. 486-506.Peridotite
DS202004-0502
2020
Zhou, M-F.Cawood, P.A., Wang, W., Zhao, T., Xu, Y., Mulder, J.A., Pisarevsky, S.A., Zhang, L., Gan, C., He, H., Liu, H., Qi, L., Wang, Y., Yao, J., Zhao, G., Zhou, M-F., Zi, J-W.Deconstructing south China and consequences for reconstructing Nuna and Rodinia.Earth-Science Reviews, in press available, 70p. PdfChinatectonics

Abstract: Contrasting models for internal and external locations of South China within the Nuna and Rodinia supercontinents can be resolved when the current lithotectonic associations of Mesoproterozoic and older rocks units that constitute the craton are redefined into four lithotectonic domains: Kongling, Kunming-Hainan, Wuyi, and Coastal. The Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains are characterized by isolated Archean to early Paleoproterozoic rock units and events and crop out in northern and southern South China, respectively. The Kunming-Hainan Domain is preserved in three spatially separated regions at Kunming (southwestern South China), along the Ailaoshan shear zone, and within Hainan Island. Both domains were affected by late Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal events, indicating their likely juxtaposition by this time to form the proto-Yangtze Block. Late Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic sedimentary and igneous rock units developed on the proto-Yangtze Block, especially in its southern portions, and help link the rock units that formed along the shear zone at Ailaoshan and on Hainan Island into a single, spatially unified unit prior to Paleozoic to Cenozoic structural disaggregation and translation. The Wuyi Domain consists of late Paleoproterozoic rock units within a NE-SW trending, fault-bounded block in eastern South China. The Coastal Domain lies east of the Wuyi domain and is inferred to constitute a structurally separate block. Basement to the domain is not exposed, but zircon Hf model ages from Mesozoic granites suggest Mesoproterozoic basement at depth. The Archean to Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal record of the Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains corresponds closely with that of NW Laurentia, suggesting all were linked, probably in association with assembly and subsequent partial fragmentation of the Nuna supercontinent. Furthermore, the age and character of Mesoproterozoic magmatism and detrital zircon signature of sedimentary rocks in the proto-Yangtze Block matches well with western Laurentia and eastern Australia-Antarctica. In particular, the detrital zircon signature of late Paleoproterozoic to early Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units in the block (e.g. Dongchuan Group) share a similar age spectrum with the Wernecke Supergroup of northwest Laurentia. This, together with similarities in the type and age of Fe-Cu mineralization in the domain with that in eastern Australia-Antarctica, especially northeast Australia, suggests a location adjacent to northwest Laurentia, southern Siberia, and northeast Australia within the Nuna supercontinent. The timing and character of late Paleoproterozoic magmatic activity in the Wuyi domain along with age of detrital zircons in associated sedimentary rocks matches the record of northern India. During rifting between Australia-Antarctica and Laurentia in the late Mesoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block remained linked to northeast Australia. During accretionary orogenesis in the early Neoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block assembled with the Wuyi Domain along the northern margin of India. The Coastal domain likely accreted at this time forming the South China Craton. Displacement of the Hainan and Ailaoshan assemblages from southwest of the Kunming assemblage likely occurred in the Cenozoic with the activation of the Ailaoshan-Red River fault system but could have begun in the early to mid-Paleozoic based on evidence for tectonothermal events in the Hainan assemblage.
DS202202-0219
2022
Zhou, M-F.Tan, W., Qin, X., Liu, J., Zhou, M-F., He, H., Yang, C.Y., Huang, J., Zhu, J., Yao, Y., Cudahy, T.Feasibility of visible short-wave infrared reflectance spectroscopy to characterize regolith-hosted rare earth element mineralization.Economic Geology, Vol. 117, 3, pp. 485-494.Chinadeposit - Renju

Abstract: Regolith-hosted rare earth element (REE) deposits predominate global resources of heavy REEs. Regoliths are underlain by various types of igneous rocks and do not always host economically valuable deposits. Thus a feasible and convenient method is desired to identify REE mineralization in a particular regolith. This study presents a detailed visible short-wave infrared reflectance (VSWIR) spectroscopic study of the Renju regolith-hosted REE deposit, South China, to provide diagnostic parameters for targeting REE orebodies in regoliths. The results show that the spectral parameters, M794_2nd and M800_2nd, derived from the VSWIR absorption of Nd3+ at approximately 800 nm, can be effectively used to estimate the total REE concentrations in regolith profiles. M1396_2nd/M1910_2nd ratios can serve as proxies to evaluate weathering intensities in a regolith. Abrupt changes of specific spectral features related to mineral abundances, chemical compositions, and weathering intensities can be correlated with variations of protolith that formed a regolith. These VSWIR proxies are robust and can be used for exploration of regolith-hosted REE deposits.
DS1989-1154
1989
Zhou, P.P.Orpen, J.L., Swain, C.J., Nugent, C., Zhou, P.P.Wrench fault and half graben tectonics in the development of the Paleozoic Zambezi Karoo basins in Zimbabwe- the Lower Zambezi and Mid-Zambezi basinsJournal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 2/3/4, pp. 215-230ZimbabweTectonics, Basins
DS1993-1821
1993
Zhou, Q.Zhou, Q., Becker, A.Audio-frequency electromagnetic tomography in 2-DGeophysics, Vol. 58, No. 4, April pp. 482-495GlobalGeophysics, Tomography
DS201112-1168
2011
Zhou, Q.Zhao, Z., Niu, N.I., Christensen, W., Zhou, Q., Zhang, Z.M., Xie, Z.C., Zhang, J.L.Delamination and ultradeep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.MantleSubduction, UHP
DS201803-0619
2018
Zhou, Q.Zhou, Q., Liu, L.A hybrid approach to dat a assimilation for recsontructing the evolution of mantle dynamics.Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems G3, Vol. 18, pp. 3854-3868.Mantlegeotectonics

Abstract: Quantifying past mantle dynamic processes represents a major challenge in understanding the temporal evolution of the solid earth. Mantle convection modeling with data assimilation is one of the most powerful tools to investigate the dynamics of plate subduction and mantle convection. Although various data assimilation methods, both forward and inverse, have been created, these methods all have limitations in their capabilities to represent the real earth. Pure forward models tend to miss important mantle structures due to the incorrect initial condition and thus may lead to incorrect mantle evolution. In contrast, pure tomography-based models cannot effectively resolve the fine slab structure and would fail to predict important subduction-zone dynamic processes. Here we propose a hybrid data assimilation approach that combines the unique power of the sequential and adjoint algorithms, which can properly capture the detailed evolution of the downgoing slab and the tomographically constrained mantle structures, respectively. We apply this new method to reconstructing mantle dynamics below the western U.S. while considering large lateral viscosity variations. By comparing this result with those from several existing data assimilation methods, we demonstrate that the hybrid modeling approach recovers the realistic 4-D mantle dynamics the best.
DS201810-2393
2018
Zhou, Q.Zhou, Q., Hu, J., Liu, L., Chaparro, T., Stegman, D.R., Faccenda, M.Western U.S. seismic anisotropy revealing complex mantle dynamics.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 500, pp. 156-167.United Statesgeodynamics

Abstract: The origin of the complex pattern of SKS splitting over the western United States (U.S.) remains a long-lasting debate, where a model that simultaneously matches the various SKS features is still lacking. Here we present a series of quantitative geodynamic models with data assimilation that systematically evaluate the influence of different lithospheric and mantle structures on mantle flow and seismic anisotropy. These tests reveal a configuration of mantle deformation more complex than ever envisioned before. In particular, we find that both lithospheric thickness variations and toroidal flows around the Juan de Fuca slab modulate flow locally, but their co-existence enhances large-scale mantle deformation below the western U.S. The ancient Farallon slab below the east coast pulls the western U.S. upper mantle eastward, spanning the regionally extensive circular pattern of SKS splitting. The prominent E-W oriented anisotropy pattern within the Pacific Northwest reflects the existence of sustaining eastward intrusion of the hot Pacific oceanic mantle to beneath the continental interior, from within slab tears below Oregon to under the Snake River Plain and the Yellowstone caldera. This work provides an independent support to the formation of intra-plate volcanism due to intruding shallow hot mantle instead of a rising mantle plume.
DS201112-1129
2011
Zhou, Q.J.Xu,L., Zhou, Q.J., Pei, F.P., Yang, D.B., Gao, S., Wang, W., Feng, H.Recycling lower continental crust in an intra continental setting: mineral chemistry and oxygen isotope insights from websterite xenoliths.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.2197.ChinaNorth China craton
DS201212-0797
2013
Zhou, Q-J.Xu, W-L., Zhou, Q-J., Pei, F-P., Gao, S., Li, Q-L., Yang, Y-H.Destructive of the North Chin a craton: delamin ation or thermal/chemical erosion? Mineral chemistry and oxygen isotope insights from websterite xenoliths.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 119-129.ChinaCraton, destruction
DS200712-0736
2006
Zhou, S.Mo, X., Zhao, Z., Deng, J., Flower, M., Yu, X., Luo, Z., Li, Y., Zhou, S., Deng, G., Zhu, D.Petrology and geochemistry of post collisional volcanic rocks from the Tibetan plateau: implications for lithosphere heterogeneity and collision induced mantleGeological Society of America, Special Paper, No. 409, pp. 507-530.AsiaSubduction
DS200912-0864
2009
Zhou, S.Zhou, S., Zang, C., Ma, H., Li, X., Zhang, H., Jia, X.Study on growth of coarse grains of diamond with high quality under HPHT.Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 54, 1, pp. 163-167.TechnologyUHP
DS201412-0517
2014
Zhou, S.Liu, D., Zhao, Z., Zhu, D-C., DePaolo, D.J., Harrison, T.M., Mo, X., Dong, G., Zhou, S., Sun, C., Zhang, Z., Liu, J.Post collisional potassic and ultrapotassic rocks in southern Tibet: mantle and crustal origins in response to India-Asia collision and convergence.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 143, pp. 207-231.Asia, TibetAlkalic
DS2003-0248
2003
Zhou, T.X.Chen, J.F., Xie, Z., Li, H.M., Zhang, X.D., Zhou, T.X., Park, Ahn, Chen, ZhangU Pb zircon ages for a collision related K rich complex at Shidao in the Sulu ultrahighGeochemical Journal, Vol. 37, pp. 35-46.ChinaBlank
DS200412-0319
2003
Zhou, T.X.Chen, J.F., Xie, Z., Li, H.M., Zhang, X.D., Zhou, T.X., Park, Ahn, Chen, ZhangU Pb zircon ages for a collision related K rich complex at Shidao in the Sulu ultrahigh pressure terrane, China.Geochemical Journal, Vol. 37, pp. 35-46.ChinaUHP, shoshonites
DS2001-1310
2001
Zhou, W.Zhao, Z., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, W.Elastic wave velocity in rocks form Dabie Shan and its constraints for lithospheric composition and recycling.Progress in Natural Science, Vol. 11, 2, pp. 115-22.ChinaGeophysics - seismics, Crust - mantle, UHP
DS200712-0491
2007
Zhou, W.Jiang, N., Liu, Y., Zhou, W., Yang, J., Zhang, S.Derivation of Mesozoic adakitic magmas from ancient lower crust in the North Chin a craton.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, 10, May 15, pp. 2591-2608.ChinaSubduction
DS201112-1170
2011
Zhou, W.Zhao, Z., Niu, Y., Christensen, N.I., Zhou, W., Hou, Q., Zhang, Z.M., Xie, H., Zhang, Z.C., Liu, J.Delamination and ultradeep subduction of continental crust: constraints from elastic wave velocity and density measurement in ultrahigh pressure met. rocksJournal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 29, 7, pp. 781-801.MantleUHP
DS201709-2076
2017
Zhou, W.Xiong, F., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Dilek, Y., Milushi, I., Xu, X., Zhou, W., Zhang, Z., Rong, H.Diamonds discovered from high-Cr podiform chromitites from Bulqiza, eastern Mirdita ophiolite, Albania.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 91, 2, pp. 455-468.Europe, Albaniadiamonds in chromitites

Abstract: Various combinations of diamond, moissanite, zircon, corundum, rutile and titanitehave been recovered from the Bulqiza chromitites. More than 10 grains of diamond have been recovered, most of which are pale yellow to reddish–orange to colorless. The grains are all 100–300 ?m in size and mostly anhedral, but with a range of morphologies including elongated, octahedral and subhedral varieties. Their identification was confirmed by a characteristic shift in the Raman spectra between 1325 cm?1 and 1333 cm?1, mostly at 1331.51 cm?1 or 1326.96 cm?1. This investigation extends the occurrence of diamond and moissanite to the Bulqiza chromitites in the Eastern Mirdita Ophiolite. Integration of the mineralogical, petrological and geochemical data of the Bulqiza chromitites suggests their multi–stage formation. Magnesiochromite grains and perhaps small bodies of chromitite formed at various depths in the upper mantle, and encapsulated the ultra–high pressure, highly reduced and crustal minerals. Some oceanic crustal slabs containing the magnesiochromite and their inclusion were later trapped in suprasubduction zones, where they were modified by tholeiitic and boninitic arc magmas, thus changing the magnesiochromite compositions and depositing chromitite ores in melt channels.
DS201710-2240
2017
Zhou, W.Lian, D., Yang, J., Dilek, Y., Wu, W., Zhang, Z., Xiong, F., Liu, F., Zhou, W.Deep mantle origin and ultra-reducing conditions in podiform chromitite: diamonds, moissanite, and other unusual minerals in podiform chromitites from the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite, southern Turkey.Americam Mineralogist, Vol. 103, 5p.Europe, Turkeymoissanites

Abstract: The Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite situated in the eastern Tauride belt, southern Turkey, is a well-preserved oceanic lithosphere remnant comprising, in ascending order, mantle peridotite, ultramafic and mafic cumulates, isotropic gabbros, sheeted dikes, and basaltic pillow lavas. Two types of chromitites are observed in the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite. One type of chromitites occurs in the cumulate dunites around the Moho, and the other type of chromitites is hosted by the mantle harzburgites below the Moho. The second type of chromitites has massive, nodular, and disseminated textures. We have conducted the mineral separation work on the podiform chromitites hosted by harzburgites. So far, more than 100 grains of microdiamond and moissanite (SiC) have been recovered from the podiform chromitite. The diamonds and moissanite are accompanied by large amounts of rutile. Besides zircon, monazite and sulfide are also very common phases within the separated minerals. The discovery of diamond, moissanite, and the other unusual minerals from podiform chromitite of the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite provides new evidences for the common occurrences of these unusual minerals in ophiolitic peridotites and chromitites. This discovery also suggests that deep mantle processes and materials have been involved in the formation of podiform chromitite.
DS201902-0334
2019
Zhou, W.Xu, J., Zhang, D., Fan, D., Dera, P.K., Shi, F., Zhou, W.Thermoeleastic properties of eclogitic garnets and omphacites: implications for deep subduction of oceanic crust and density anomalies in the upper mantle.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 46, 1, pp. 179-188.Mantlesubduction

Abstract: Eclogite mainly consists of pyrope?almandine?grossular garnet and sodium?rich pyroxene (omphacite) and is a key component of the Earth's upper mantle and oceanic crust. It plays an important role in the mantle convection. The lack of thermoelastic parameters of eclogitic garnets and omphacites hampers accurate modeling of eclogite density at deep?Earth pressure?temperature conditions. In this study, we obtained the thermoelastic parameters of natural eclogitic garnets and omphacites and then modeled the densities of high?Fe and low?Fe eclogites in the subducted oceanic crust and the normal upper mantle. In the upper mantle, eclogite enhances the slab subduction into the transition zone; however, the presence of the metastable low?Fe eclogite would promote the slab stagnation within the upper range of the transition zone. Additionally, eclogite can explain positive density anomalies at depths of 100-200 km of the upper mantle of Asia identified by seismic observations.
DS202202-0229
2022
Zhou, W-Y.Zhou, W-Y., Zhang, J.S., Huang, Q., Lai, X., Chen, B., Dera, P., Schmandte, B.High pressure-temperature single crystal elasticity of ringwoodite: implications for detecting the 520 discontinuity and metastable ringwoodite at depths greater than 660 km.Earth and planetary Science Letters, Vol. 579, 117359, 11p. PdfMantleringwoodite

Abstract: The 520 km discontinuity (the 520) and the 660 km discontinuity (the 660) are primarily caused by the wadsleyite to ringwoodite and ringwoodite to bridgmanite + ferropericlase phase transitions, respectively. Global seismic studies show significant regional variations of the 520, which are likely due to chemical and thermal heterogeneities in the Mantle Transition Zone (MTZ). However, the effects of chemical composition and temperature on the detectability of the 520 are unclear. Additionally, it remains unknown whether the possibly existing metastable ringwoodite in the core of the cold and fast subducting slabs could create a detectable seismic signature near the top of the lower mantle. Our understanding of both issues is hindered by the lack of single-crystal elasticity measurements of ringwoodite at simultaneous high pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions. In this study, we measured the single-crystal elasticity of an anhydrous Fe-bearing ringwoodite up to 32 GPa and 700 K by Brillouin spectroscopy, and then modeled the composition-dependent elastic properties of ringwoodite to calculate the compositional effects on the velocity jumps at the 520. We found that opposite to the effect of Fe, water enhances the Vp (P-wave velocity) jump, yet decreases the Vs (S-wave velocity) jump of the 520 across the wadsleyite to ringwoodite transition. Higher temperature increases both Vp and Vs contrasts across the 520. At depths between 660-700 km in the lower mantle, the existence of metastable ringwoodite may only result in ?1-2% low velocity anomaly, which is seismically difficult to resolve. The low velocity anomaly caused by metastable ringwoodite increases to 5-7% at 750 km depth due to the weak pressure dependence of Vs in ringwoodite at lower mantle conditions, but whether it is seismically detectable depends on the extension of the regions in subducted slabs that are sufficiently cold to host metastable ringwoodite.
DS1995-1533
1995
Zhou, X.Qi, Q., Taylor, L.A., Zhou, X.Petrology and geochemistry of mantle peridotite xenoliths from southeast ChinaJournal of Petrology, Vol. 36, No. 1, Feb. pp. 55-80.ChinaPeridotites
DS2001-1300
2001
Zhou, X.Zhang, H., Menzies, M.A., Gurney, J.J., Zhou, X.Cratonic peridotites and silica rich melts, diopside enstatite relationships in polymict xenoliths, KaapvaalGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 65, No. 19, pp. 3365-77.South AfricaGeochemistry - peridotites, Craton - Kaapvaal
DS2002-0621
2002
Zhou, X.Guan, H., Sun, M., Wilde, S.A., Zhou, X., Zhai, M.SHRIMP Uranium-Lead- zircon geochronology of the Fuping Complex: implications for formation and assembly Craton.Precambrian Research, Vol. 113, No. 1-2, Jan. pp. 1-18.ChinaCraton - North China, Geochronology
DS2002-1793
2002
Zhou, X.Zhou, X., Sun, M., Zhang, G., Chen, S.Continental crust and lithospheric mantle interaction beneath North China: isotopic evidence from granulite xenoliths in Hannuoba, Sino Korean Craton.Lithos, Vol.62,3-4,pp. 111-24.ChinaXenoliths - magma mixing
DS2003-1477
2003
Zhou, X.Wilde, S.A., Zhou, X., Nemchin, A.A., Sun, M.Mesozoic crust mantle interaction beneath the North Chin a Craton: a consequence ofGeology, Vol. 31, 9, pp. 817-820.ChinaTectonics
DS2003-1502
2003
Zhou, X.Wu, F., Walker, R.J., Ren, X., Sun, D., Zhou, X.Osmium isotopic constraints on the age of lithospheric mantle beneath northeasternChemical Geology, Vol. 196, No. 1-4, pp. 107-129.ChinaGeochronology
DS2003-1512
2003
Zhou, X.Xu, X., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Zhou, X.Enrichment of upper mantle peridotite: petrological, trace element and isotopic evidenceChemical Geology, Vol. 198, 3-4, pp. 163-188.ChinaPetrology, Geochronology
DS2003-1513
2003
Zhou, X.Xu, X., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Zhou, X.Enrichment of upper mantle peridotite: petrological, trace element and isotopic evidenceChemical Geology, Vol. 198, 3-4, August 15, pp. 163-188.China, southeastBasalts, Nushan, Mingxi, Geochronology
DS2003-1535
2003
Zhou, X.Yu, J.H., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Xu, X., Zhang, M., Zhou, X.The thermal state and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the LeizhouJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 122, 3-4, pp. 165-89.China, southGeothermometry
DS2003-1536
2003
Zhou, X.Yu, J-H., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Xu, X., Zhang, M., Zhou, X.The thermal state and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the LeizhouJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. April 1, pp. 165-189.ChinaMetapyroxenites, xenoliths
DS200412-2114
2003
Zhou, X.Wilde, S.A., Zhou, X., Nemchin, A.A., Sun, M.Mesozoic crust mantle interaction beneath the North Chin a Craton: a consequence of the dispersal of Gondwanaland and accretion oGeology, Vol. 31, 9, pp. 817-820.ChinaTectonics
DS200412-2149
2003
Zhou, X.Wu, F., Walker, R.J., Ren, X., Sun, D., Zhou, X.Osmium isotopic constraints on the age of lithospheric mantle beneath northeastern China.Chemical Geology, Vol. 196, no. 1-4, pp. 107-129.ChinaGeochronology
DS200412-2161
2003
Zhou, X.Xu, X., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Zhou, X.Enrichment of upper mantle peridotite: petrological, trace element and isotopic evidence in xenoliths from SE China.Chemical Geology, Vol. 198, 3-4, August 15, pp. 163-188.ChinaBasalts, Nushan, Mingxi, geochronology
DS200412-2182
2004
Zhou, X.Ying, J., Zhou, X., Zhang, H.Geochemical and isotopic investigation of the Laiwu-Zibo carbonatites from western Shandong Province, Chin a and implications forLithos, Vol. 75, 3-4, pp. 413-426.China, ShandongCarbonatite
DS200412-2190
2003
Zhou, X.Yu, J-H., O'Reilly, S.Y., Griffin, W.L., Xu, X., Zhang, M., Zhou, X.The thermal state and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Leizhou Peninsula, south China.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. April 1, pp. 165-189.ChinaMetapyroxenites, xenoliths
DS200812-0658
2008
Zhou, X.Li, S., Jin, C., Dai, L., Liu, X., Zhou, X.Thermochronological constraints to two stage Indonesian extrusion of the HP UHP terranes in the Dabie Sulu orogen, central Chine.Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A544.ChinaUHP
DS201412-0899
2014
Zhou, X.Sun, Y., Ying, J., Zhou, X., Chu, Z., Su, B.Geochemistry of ultrapotassic volcanic rocks in Xiaogulihe NE China: implications for the role of ancient suducted sediments.Lithos, Vol. 208-209, pp. 53.66.ChinaSubduction
DS2003-1545
2003
Zhou, X.H.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X.H., Zjou, M.F., Fan, W.M., Zheng, J.P.Secular evolution of the lithosphere beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: evidenceGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, 22, pp. 4373-87.ChinaGeochronology, eclogites
DS200412-2203
2003
Zhou, X.H.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X.H., Zjou, M.F., Fan, W.M., Zheng, J.P.Secular evolution of the lithosphere beneath the eastern North Chin a Craton: evidence from Mesozoic basalts and high Mg andesiteGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, 22, pp. 4373-87.ChinaGeochronology, eclogites
DS200512-1241
2005
Zhou, X.H.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X.H., Ying, J.F.Geochemical constraints on the origin of Mesozoic alkaline intrusive complexes from the North Chin a Craton and tectonic implications.Lithos, Vol. 81, 1-4, pp. 297-317.ChinaGeochemistry
DS200912-0852
2009
Zhou, X.H.Zhang, H.F., Goldstein, S.L., Zhou, X.H., Sun, M., Cai, Y.Comprehensive refertilization of lithospheric mantle beneath the North Chin a Craton: further Os Sr Nd isotopic constraints.Journal of the Geological Society, Vol. 166, 2, pp. 249-260.ChinaGeochronology
DS2000-1051
2000
Zhou, X.M.Zhou, X.M., Li. W.X.Origin of late Mesozoic igneous rocks in southeastern China: implications for lithospheric subduction....Tectonophysics, Vol. 326, No. 3-4, Nov. 15, pp. 269-88.China, southeastUnderplating mafic magmas, Subduction, ultra high pressure (UHP)
DS2002-0781
2002
Zhou, X.R.Jiang, Y.R., Jiang, S.Y., Ling, H.F., Zhou, X.R., Rui, X.J., Yang, W.Z.Petrology and geochemistry of shoshonitic plutons from the western Kunlun OrogenLithos, Vol.63,3-4, pp. 165-187.ChinaShoshonites
DS2002-1775
2002
Zhou, X-H.Zhang, H.F., Sun, M., Zhou, X-H., Fan, W-M., Zhai, M-G.Mesozoic lithosphere destruction beneath the North Chin a Craton:Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 143, 5, pp.ChinaTectonics - subduction
DS200712-0173
2007
Zhou, X-H.Chen, L-H., Jiang, S-Y., Hofmann, A.W., Jovanovic, Z., Xie, L-W., Zhou, X-H.Are peridotite xenoliths in Mesozoic plutons inherited from Paleozoic kimberlites?Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A166.ChinaNorth China Craton
DS200812-1310
2008
Zhou, X-H.Zhang, H-F., Goldstein, S.L., Zhou, X-H., Sun, M., Zheng, J-P., Cai, Y.Evolution of subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath eastern China: Re-Os isotopic evidence from mantle xenoliths in Paleozoic kimberlites and Mesozoic basaltsContributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 155, pp. 271-293.ChinaGeochronology
DS201012-0889
2010
Zhou, X-H.Zhang, H-F., Zhou, M-F., Sun, M., Zhou, X-H.The origin of Mengyin and Fuxian Diamondiferous kimberlites from the North Chin a craton: implications for Paleozoic subducted oceanic slab mantle interactJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 37, 5-6, pp. 425-437.ChinaDeposit genesis
DS200612-1616
2006
Zhou, Y.Zhou, Y., Nolet, G., Dahlen, F.A., Laske, G.Global upper mantle structure from finite frequency surface wave tomography.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, B4 B04304 2005JB003677MantleTomography
DS200612-1617
2006
Zhou, Y.Zhou, Y., Nolet, G., Dahlen, F.A., Laske, G.Global upper mantle structure from finite frequency surface wave tomography.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, B4, B04304.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS201112-1045
2011
Zhou, Y.Tien, Y., Zhou, Y., Sigloch, K., Nolet, G., Lake, G.Structure of North American mantle constrained by simultaneous inversion of multiple frequency SH, SS and Love waves.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, B2, B02307..MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS201712-2683
2017
Zhou, Y.Deng, M., Xu, C., Song, W., Tang, H., Liu, Y., Zang, Q., Zhou, Y., Feng, M., Wei, C.REE mineralization in the Bayan Obo deposit, China: evidence from mineral paragenesis.Ore Geology Reviews, in press available, 10p.Chinadeposit - Bayan Obo

Abstract: Preliminary mineralogical and geochemical studies have been carried out on dolomite marble drill cores from the Bayan Obo REE deposit in China. Three types of apatites and four types of monazites have been identified based on textural features: Type 1 apatite occurs as grains with minor monazite (Type 1 monazite) on its border; Type 2 apatite veinlet shows clusters of assemblages with abundant bastnäsite and parisite at the rim; Type 3 apatite has a linear array associated with fluorite and bastnäsite veinlets. Type 2 monazite occurs as clusters intergrowing with parisite and fluorite. Type 3 and 4 monazites occur as polymineralic (fluorite and bastnäsite) and monomineralic veinlets, respectively. These four types of monazites have similar LREE composition but variable Y content (Y2O3 ranging from below determination limits to 0.7?wt%). The three types of apatites also show different REE content and distribution patterns, ranging from high REE abundance (?REE?+?Y: 27243-251789?ppm) and strong LREE enrichment [(La/Yb)CN ?101] in Type 1, less LREE enrichment [(La/Yb)CN ?8] in Type 2 to relatively low REE abundance (?REE?+?Y: 4323-11175?ppm) but high REE fractionation [(La/Yb)CN ?58] in Type 3. The primary apatite has high Sr (5461-6892?ppm) and REE content, implying a carbonatite origin. The late-stage apatites (Types 2 and 3) show different Sr and REE abundances. Significant differences in their Sr composition (6189?±?573, 6041?±?549 and 3492?±?802 for Types 1-3 samples, respectively) and Y/Ho ratio (20.9?±?0.11, 19.5?±?0.17 and 17.4?±?0.37, respectively) indicate that the three types of apatites may have crystallized from different metasomatic fluids. Multi-stage metasomatism resulted in remobilization and redeposition of primary REE minerals to form the Bayan Obo REE deposit.
DS201712-2714
2017
Zhou, Y.Nomura, R., Zhou, Y., Irifune, T.Melting phase relations in the MgSiO3-CaSiO3 system at 24 Gpa.Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, Vol. 4, pp. 34-MantleBridgmanite, perovskite

Abstract: The Earth’s lower mantle is composed of bridgmanite, ferropericlase, and CaSiO3-rich perovskite. The melting phase relations between each component are key to understanding the melting of the Earth’s lower mantle and the crystallization of the deep magma ocean. In this study, melting phase relations in the MgSiO3-CaSiO3 system were investigated at 24 GPa using a multi-anvil apparatus. The eutectic composition is (Mg,Ca)SiO3 with 81-86 mol% MgSiO3. The solidus temperature is 2600-2620 K. The solubility of CaSiO3 component into bridgmanite increases with temperature, reaching a maximum of 3-6 mol% at the solidus, and then decreases with temperature. The same trend was observed for the solubility of MgSiO3 component into CaSiO3-rich perovskite, with a maximum of 14-16 mol% at the solidus. The asymmetric regular solutions between bridgmanite and CaSiO3-rich perovskite and between MgSiO3 and CaSiO3 liquid components well reproduce the melting phase relations constrained experimentally.
DS200912-0865
2009
Zhou, Y.F.Zhou, Y.F., Massonne, H.J., Zhu, M.F.Petrology of low temperature, ultra high pressure marbles and interlayered coesite eclogites near Sanqingge, Sulu terrane, eastern China.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol.73, 2, April, pp. 3-7-332.ChinaUHP
DS2003-1155
2003
Zhou, Z.Reiners, P.W., Zhou, Z., Ehlers, T.A., Xu, C., Brandon, M.T., Donelick, R.A.Post orogenic evolution of the Dabie Shan, eastern Chin a ( U Th) He and fission trackAmerican Journal of Science, Vol. 303, 6, pp. 489-518.ChinaGeothermometry, UHP
DS200412-1652
2003
Zhou, Z.Reiners, P.W., Zhou, Z., Ehlers, T.A., Xu, C., Brandon, M.T., Donelick, R.A., Nicolescu, S.Post orogenic evolution of the Dabie Shan, eastern Chin a ( U Th) He and fission track thermochronology.American Journal of Science, Vol. 303, 6, pp. 489-518.ChinaGeothermometry UHP
DS200612-1618
2005
Zhou, Z.Zhou, Z., Liao, Z.The model for the subduction and collision of the Indian plate with the Eurasian plate implications for tectonic evolution of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Sedimentary Geology , Vol. 25, 4, pp. 27-32. Ingenta 1055513214Asia, IndiaSubduction
DS200712-0176
2007
Zhou, Z.Cheng, H., Zhou, Z., Nakamura, E.Crystal size distribution and composition of garnets in eclogites from the Dabie Orogen, central China.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 267.ChinaDabie Orogen
DS200712-0177
2007
Zhou, Z.Cheng, H., Zhou, Z., Nakamura, E.Crystal size distribution and composition of garnets in eclogites from the Dabie Orogen, central China.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p. 267.ChinaDabie Orogen
DS200812-0209
2008
Zhou, Z.Chen, H., King, R.L., Nakamura, E., Vervoort, J.D., Zhou, Z.Coupled Lu Hf and Sm Nd geochronology constraints garnet growth in ultra high pressure eclogites from the Dabie Orogen.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, in press availableChinaUHP, geochronology
DS200812-0213
2008
Zhou, Z.Cheng, H., King, R.L., Nakamura, E., Vervoort, J.D., Zhou, Z.Coupled Lu Hf and Sm Nd geochronology constrains garnet growth in ultra high pressure eclogites from the Dabie orogen.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 26. 7, pp. 741-758.ChinaUHP
DS200812-0214
2008
Zhou, Z.Cheng, H., King, R.L., Nakamura, E., Vervoort, J.D., Zhou, Z.Coupled LuHf and SmNd geochronology constrains garnet growth in ultra high pressure eclogites from the Dabie orogen.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, Vol. 26, 7, Sept. pp. 741-758.ChinaUHP
DS200812-0215
2007
Zhou, Z.Cheng, H., Zhou, Z., Nakamura, E.Crystal size distribution of garnets in eclogites from the Dabie Orogen central China.American Mineralogist, Vol. 93, pp. 124-133.ChinaUHP
DS200912-0110
2009
Zhou, Z.Cheng, H., Nakamura, E., Zhou, Z.Garnet Lu Hf dating of retrograde fluid activity during ultrahigh pressure metamorphic eclogites exhumation.Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 95, 3-4, pp. 315-326.MantleUHP
DS201112-0181
2011
Zhou, Z.Cheng, H., Zhang, C., Vervoot, J.D., Wu, Y., Zheng, Y., Zheng, S., Zhou, Z.New Lu-Hf geochronology constrains the onset of continental subduction in the Dabie Orogen.Lithos, Vol. 121, 1-4, pp. 41-54.ChinaSubduction
DS201811-2623
2018
Zhou, Z.Zhou, Z.Discovery of Mesoproterozoic kimberlite from Dorbed Banner, Inner Mongolia and its tectonic significance.Geological Journal, Vol. 53, 3, pp. 992-1004.Asia, Mongoliakimberlite

Abstract: Porphyritic olivine kimberlitic breccia, discovered in the Dörbed Banner of Inner Mongolia, Western China, is referred to as Longtou Shan Kimberlite in our study. This kimberlite occurs as a pipe in the Halahuogete Formation of Bayan Obo Group. Zircon U-Pb ages of Longtou Shan Kimberlite reveals a Mesoproterozoic age of ~1,552 Ma, constraining the deposition age of Halahuogete Formation to the Mesoproterozoic. Compared with Mesoproterozoic kimberlite of the ancient landmass, it can be inferred that the North China Craton is a member of the Ur ancient continent of the Columbia supercontinent. Furthermore, according to the tectonic background of the Bayan Obo Group, we raise this possibility that “Bayan Obo Aulacogen” should be renamed the "Bayan Obo Continental Rift."
DS201904-0804
2017
Zhou, Z.Zhou, Z., Wang, G., Di, Y-J,m Gu, Y-C., Zhang, D., Zhu, W-p., Liu, C., Wu, C., Li, H., Chen, L.-z.Discovery of Mesoproterozoic kimberlite from Dorbed Benner, Inner Mongolia and its tectonic significance.Geochemistry International, doi:10.1002/gi.2939 14p.China, Mongoliadeposit - Longtou Shan

Abstract: Porphyritic olivine kimberlitic breccia, discovered in the Dörbed Banner of Inner Mongolia, Western China, is referred to as Longtou Shan Kimberlite in our study. This kimberlite occurs as a pipe in the Halahuogete Formation of Bayan Obo Group. Zircon U-Pb ages of Longtou Shan Kimberlite reveals a Mesoproterozoic age of ~1,552 Ma, constraining the deposition age of Halahuogete Formation to the Mesoproterozoic. Compared with Mesoproterozoic kimberlite of the ancient landmass, it can be inferred that the North China Craton is a member of the Ur ancient continent of the Columbia supercontinent. Furthermore, according to the tectonic background of the Bayan Obo Group, we raise this possibility that “Bayan Obo Aulacogen” should be renamed the “Bayan Obo Continental Rift.”
DS201906-1340
2019
Zhou, Z.Qiao, X., Zhou, Z., Schwarz, D.T., Qi, L., Gao, J., Nong, P., Lai, M., Guo, K., Li, Y.Study of the differences in infrared spectra of emerald from different mining areas and the controlling factors.The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 57, pp. 65-79.Globalemerald genesis

Abstract: Natural emeralds from 11 mining areas were studied using an infrared spectrometer. The results showed different spectroscopic characteristics for emerald from different mine regions. Infrared absorption is mainly attributed to the vibration of Si-O lattice, channel water, alkaline cations, and molecules such as CO2, [Fe2(OH)4]2+, etc. Both near-infrared and mid-infrared spectra showed that the differences in band positions, intensities, and shapes are related to the mixed ratio of the two types of channel water. Accordingly, emerald and its mining regions can be divided into 3 types: H2O I, H2O II, and transition I-II. Furthermore, the study indicates that the relative amounts of the two different orientations of channel water molecules are mainly affected by the presence of (Mg + Fe)2+ in the host rock or in the mineralizing fluid. Therefore, the mineralization environment type (alkali-poor, alkali-rich, and transitional types) of emerald can be preliminarily identified from IR spectroscopy. This can be useful for determining the origin of emeralds.
DS202101-0006
2020
Zhou, Z.Cui, D., Liao, Z., Qi, L., Zhong, Q., Zhou, Z.A study of emeralds from Davdar, north-western China.Journal of Gemology, Vol. 37, 4, pp. 374-392Chinaemerald

Abstract: At the Davdar mine in Xinjiang, north-western China, emeralds are hosted mainly by carbonate, quartz-carbonate and quartz veins cutting metasedimentary rocks, and are associated with minerals such as hematite, dolomite, quartz, orthoclase and albite. Sixteen rough emeralds obtained during the authors’ visit to the mining area in 2019 were studied by standard gemmolog-ical techniques and various spectroscopic methods (FTIR, Raman, UV-Vis-NIR and EPR), as well as LA-ICP-MS chemical analysis. The analysed samples were mostly coloured by Cr, and showed a wide range of Fe, V, Mg and alkali contents, along with relatively low Cs, Rb and Sc. UV-Vis-NIR spectra showed features at 370 nm (Fe3+), 430 nm (Cr3+ with contributions from V3+ and possibly Fe3+), 580-630 nm (Cr3+ and V3+), 638 and 683 nm (Cr3+), and 850 nm (Fe2+ and possibly Fe2+-Fe3+interactions). In addition, the more V-rich emeralds displayed a distinct V3+ absorption band at about 385-395 nm. Notably, the chemical composition of Davdar emeralds shows significant overlap with those from Panjshir, Afghanistan.
DS201708-1586
2017
Zhou, Z-G.Zhou, Z-G., Wang, G-S., Di, Y-J., Gu, Y-C., Zhang, D., Zhu, W-P., Liu, C-F., Wu, C., Li, H-Y., Chen, L-Z.Discovery of Mesoproterozoic kimberlite from Dorbed Banner Inner Mongolia and its tectonic significance.Geological Journal, pp. 1-13.Asia, Mongoliadeposit - Longtou Shan

Abstract: Porphyritic olivine kimberlitic breccia, discovered in the Dörbed Banner of Inner Mongolia, Western China, is referred to as Longtou Shan Kimberlite in our study. This kimberlite occurs as a pipe in the Halahuogete Formation of Bayan Obo Group. Zircon U–Pb ages of Longtou Shan Kimberlite reveals a Mesoproterozoic age of ~1,552 Ma, constraining the deposition age of Halahuogete Formation to the Mesoproterozoic. Compared with Mesoproterozoic kimberlite of the ancient landmass, it can be inferred that the North China Craton is a member of the Ur ancient continent of the Columbia supercontinent. Furthermore, according to the tectonic background of the Bayan Obo Group, we raise this possibility that “Bayan Obo Aulacogen” should be renamed the “Bayan Obo Continental Rift.”
DS1990-1633
1990
Zhou GaozhiZhou Gaozhi, Xiong Baocheng, Liou, J.G., et al.Occurrence and mineral parageneses of abundant eclogitic rocks from northern Hubei, Central ChinaEos, Vol. 71, No. 43, October 23, p. 1708 AbstractChinaEclogite, Paragenesis
DS1994-1991
1994
Zhou JainxiongZhou Jainxiong, Griffin, W.L., Jaques, A.L., Ryan, C.G., Win, T.T.Geochemistry of diamond indicator minerals from ChinaProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 2, pp. 285-301.ChinaGeochemistry, Indicator minerals
DS1990-1624
1990
Zhou JianxiongZhang Andi, Meyer, H.O.A., Guo Lihe, Zhou Jianxiong, Xie Xilin, Wang Alian, XuComparative study of inclusions in diamonds with macrocrysts From kimberlites in north Chin a cratonInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 504-505ChinaDiamond inclusions, Macrocrysts
DS1991-1931
1991
Zhou JianxiongZhou Jianxiong, Zhang Andi, Wang Wuyi, Xie Xilin, Guo LiheSpinel - as indicator for diamondProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 208-211ChinaSpinel -compositional range table, Geochemistry
DS1982-0656
1982
Zhou jianxiong, et al.Zhou jianxiong, et al.A Prliminary Study of Ilmenites from Kimberlites by the Electron Probe.Bulletin. Institute GEOL. (CHINESE ACAD. GEOL. SCI.), No. 5, PP. 103-114.ChinaMineralogy, Mineral Chemistry, Ilmenite
DS1991-1925
1991
Zhou JianzongZhang Andi, Xu Dehuan, Xie Xiing, Guo Lihe, Zhou Jianzong, Wang WuyiThe status and future of diamond exploration in ChinaProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 10-12China, Russia, Australia, South AfricaSinokorean, Yangtze, Tarim, Fuxiam, Tieling, Huanren, Mengyi, Lamproites
DS1990-1634
1990
Zhou LingdiZhou LingdiMineralogy of some alkaline rocks from eastern ChinaInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 2, extended abstract p. 770-771ChinaAlkaline rocks, Mineralogy
DS1991-0262
1991
Zhou TaixiChen Jiangfeng, Foland, K.A., Xing Fengming, Xu Xiang, Zhou TaixiMagmatism along the southeast margin of the Yangtse block: Precambrian collision of the Yangtse and Cathysia blocks of ChinaGeology, Vol. 19, No. 8, August, pp. 815-818ChinaTectonics, Ophiolites
DS1987-0415
1987
Zhou WeiqinLi Shanghuai, Zhang Jingfang, Zhou WeiqinThe mechanism of the formation of the kimberlite pipe group in Xiyu, Shandong provinceThe Third all China conference on tectonics, held August 1987, Vol. 3, p. 118. abstractChinaKimberlite genesis
DS1991-1932
1991
Zhou XiouzhongZhou Xiouzhong, Huang Yunhui, Qin Shuying, Gao Yan, Yang JianminTypes, typomorphic characteristics of garnet from kimberlites in Shandong and Liaoning and its relationship with diamond.*CHIYanshi Kuangwuxue Zazhi (Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica)*CHI, Vol. 10, No. 3, August pp. 252-264ChinaPetrology, Garnets from kimberlites
DS1991-1933
1991
Zhou XiouzhongZhou Xiouzhong, Tang Jianmin, Huang Yunhui, et al.rare earth elements (REE) geochemistry characteristics of kimberlites in Shandong and China.*CHIMineralogia, *CHI, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 300-308ChinaGeochemistry, Rare earths
DS1990-1635
1990
Zhou XiuzhongZhou Xiuzhong, Huang Yunhaui, Qin Shuying, Deng Chujun, Gao Yan, YangStudies on the type and the typomorphic characteristics of the garnets From kimberlites and the relationship between the garnets and diamondInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 141-142ChinaMineralogy -garnets, Diamond morphology
DS1990-1551
1990
Zhou XueqingWeng Shije, Chen Hushen, Zhou Xueqing, Cui ZhichenDeep seismic probing of continental crust in the lower Yangtze region, eastern ChinaTectonophysics, Vol. 174, No. 1/2, March 1, pp. 297-306ChinaGeophysics -seismics, Crust-eastern China
DS1990-1630
1990
Zhou YaoxiuZhao, Xixi, Coe, R.S., Zhou Yaoxiu, Wu Haoruo, Wang, JieNew paleomagnetic results from northern China: collision and suturing with Siberia and KazakhstanTectonophysics, Vol. 181, pp. 43-81China, RussiaGeophysics, Paleomagnetics
DS1990-0399
1990
Zhou YongzhangDeng Jinfu, Zhou Yongzhang, Zhao Haiting, Luo ZhaohuaA rare mantle pyroxene xenocrystInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 1, extended abstract p. 488-489ChinaPyroxenite, Xenolith
DS1993-1820
1993
Zhou YunzuanZhou YunzuanRadon transform application to the improved gridding of airborne geophysical survey dataGeophysical Prospecting, Vol. May pp. 459-494GlobalGeophysics, Radon transforM.
DS1988-0177
1988
Zhou Zou-XiaDorian, J.P., Clark, A.L., Sun Yi-Ying, Zhou Zou-Xia, Li Ji-LiangMineral resources of China: apparent controls on distributionGeoJournal, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 373-388ChinaOverview of tectonic/metalogeny no ref. to diamond
DS1998-1594
1998
ZhuWu, W.J., Lines, L., Burton, Lu, Zhu, Jamieson, BordingPrestack depth migration of an Alberta foothills dat a set: the Husky experience.Geophysics, Vol. 63, No. 2, pp. 392-8.AlbertaGeophysics - seismics, Tectonics, thrust
DS201709-2078
2017
ZhuZhu, R-N, Ni, P., Ding, J-Y., Wang, D-Z., Ju, Y., Kang, N.Petrography, chemical composition, and Raman spectra of chrome spinel: constraints on the diamond potential of the no. 30 pipe kimberlite in Wafandian, North Chin a Craton.Ore Geology Reviews, in press available, 40p.Chinadeposit - No. 30 Wafangdian

Abstract: Conventional diamond exploration seldom searches directly for diamonds in rock and soil samples. Instead, it focuses on the search for indicator minerals like chrome spinel, which can be used to evaluate diamond potential. Chrome spinels are preserved as pristine minerals in the early Paleozoic (?465 Ma), hydrothermally altered, Group I No. 30 pipe kimberlite that intruded the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou strata in Wafangdian, North China Craton (NCC). The characteristics of the chrome spinels were investigated by petrographic observation (BSE imaging), quantitative chemical analysis (EPMA), and Raman spectral analysis. The results show that the chrome spinels are mostly sub-rounded with extremely few grains being subhedral, and these spinels are macrocrystic, more than 500 µm in size. The chrome spinels also have compositional zones: the cores are classified as magnesiochromite as they have distinctly chromium-rich (Cr2O3 up to 66.56 wt%) and titanium-poor (TiO2 < 1 wt%) compositions; and the rims are classified as magnetite as they have chromium-poor and iron-rich composition. In the cores of chrome spinels, compositional variations are controlled by Al3+-Cr3+ isomorphism, which results in a strong Raman spectra peak (A1g mode) varying from 690 cm?1 to 702.9 cm?1. In the rims of chrome spinel, compositional variations result in the A1g peak varying from 660 cm?1 to 672 cm?1. The morphology and chemical compositions indicate that the chrome spinels are mantle xenocrysts. The cores of the spinel are remnants of primary mantle xenocrysts that have been resorbed, and the rims were formed during kimberlite magmatism. The compositions of the cores are used to evaluate the diamond potential of this kimberlite through comparison with the compositions of chrome spinels from the Changmazhuang and No. 50 pipe kimberlites in the NCC. In MgO, Al2O3 and TiO2 versus Cr2O3 plots, the chrome spinels from the Changmazhuang and No. 50 pipe kimberlites are mostly located in the diamond stability field. However, only a small proportion of chrome spinels from No. 30 pipe kimberlite have same behavior, which indicates that the diamond potential of the former two kimberlites is greater than that of the No. 30 pipe kimberlite. This is also supported by compositional zones in the spinel grains: there is with an increase in Fe3+ in the rims, which suggests that the chrome spinels experienced highly oxidizing conditions. Oxidizing conditions may have been imparted by fluids/melts that have a great influence on diamond destruction. Here, we suggest that chrome spinel compositions can be a useful tool for identifying the target for diamond potential in the North China Craton.
DS202202-0230
2022
ZhuZhu, R-Z, Ni, P., Wang, G-g., Ding, J-v., Kang, N.Temperature and oxygen state of kimberlite magma from the North China craton and their implication for diamond survival. Name change from Fuxian in Mengyin fieldsMineralium Deposita, Vol. 57, pp. 301-318. pdfChinadeposit - Wafangdiam

Abstract: The grade and morphological character of kimberlite-hosted diamonds were compared to crystallization temperature (T) and oxygen fugacity ( f O 2 ) estimated from groundmass spinels in six kimberlite pipes in the North China Craton (NCC). Crystallization temperatures calculated at an assumed pressure of 1 GPa are in the range of 1037-1395 °C, with a mean of 1182 °C. At these temperatures, the estimated f O 2 varies from 1.2 to 3.1 log units below the nickel-nickel oxide (NNO) buffer. Generally, individual kimberlite pipe shows a small variation of the T (50-100 °C) and f O 2 (0.4-0.6 log units), whereas different kimberlite pipes present great changes of T and f O 2 which can be up to 300 °C and 2 units respectively. The f O 2 of kimberlite magma shows a strong negative correlation with the diamond grade of kimberlite, suggesting that the f O 2 plays an important role in diamond resorption, whereas the T shows no relationship with the diamond grade, indicating the T plays no role in diamond resorption. The conditions of kimberlite crystallization ( f O 2 ) can be a useful parameter in evaluating diamond survival in diamond exploration.
DS200712-0736
2006
Zhu, D.Mo, X., Zhao, Z., Deng, J., Flower, M., Yu, X., Luo, Z., Li, Y., Zhou, S., Deng, G., Zhu, D.Petrology and geochemistry of post collisional volcanic rocks from the Tibetan plateau: implications for lithosphere heterogeneity and collision induced mantleGeological Society of America, Special Paper, No. 409, pp. 507-530.AsiaSubduction
DS200812-1096
2008
Zhu, D.Sommer, A.P., Zhu, D., Fecht, H.J.Genesis on diamonds.Crystal Growth & Design, Vol. 8, 8, pp.2628-2629.TechnologyDiamond genesis
DS201312-0654
2013
Zhu, D.Niu, Y.,Zhao, Z., Zhu, D., Mo, X.Continental collision zones are primary sites for net continental crust growth - a testable hypothesis.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 127, pp. 96-110.MantleMelting, magmatism
DS201412-0517
2014
Zhu, D-C.Liu, D., Zhao, Z., Zhu, D-C., DePaolo, D.J., Harrison, T.M., Mo, X., Dong, G., Zhou, S., Sun, C., Zhang, Z., Liu, J.Post collisional potassic and ultrapotassic rocks in southern Tibet: mantle and crustal origins in response to India-Asia collision and convergence.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 143, pp. 207-231.Asia, TibetAlkalic
DS201412-0518
2014
Zhu, D-C.Liu, D., Zhao, Z., Zhu, D-C., Niu, Y., Harrison, T.M.Zircon xenocrysts in Tibetan ultrapotassic magmas: imaging the deep crust through time.Geology, Vol. 42, pp. 43-46.Asia, TibetGeochronology
DS201506-0302
2015
Zhu, F.Zhu, H., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Zhu, Y., Zhu, F., Zhao, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, W., Xu, W.The discovery of diamonds in chromitites of the Hegenshan ophiolite, Inner Mongolia, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 89, 2, pp. 341-350.China, MongoliaChromitite
DS201811-2587
2018
Zhu, F.Lai, X., Zhu, F., Zhang, D., Hu, Y., Finkelstein, G.J., Dera, P., Chen, B.The high pressure anisotropic thermelestic properties of a potential inner core carbon bearing phase, Fe-C3, by single crystal X-ray diffraction.American Mineralogist, Vol. 103, pp. 1568-1574.Mantlecarbon

Abstract: Carbon has been suggested as one of the light elements existing in the Earth's core. Under core conditions, iron carbide Fe7C3 is likely the first phase to solidify from a Fe-C melt and has thus been considered a potential component of the inner core. The crystal structure of Fe7C3, however, is still under debate, and its thermoelastic properties are not well constrained at high pressures. In this study, we performed synchrotron-based single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiment using an externally heated diamond-anvil cell to determine the crystal structure and thermoelastic properties of Fe7C3 up to 80 GPa and 800 K. Our diffraction data indicate that Fe7C3 adopts an orthorhombic structure under experimentally investigated conditions. The pressure-volume-temperature data for Fe7C3 were fitted by the high-temperature Birch-Murnaghan equation of state, yielding ambient-pressure unit-cell volume V0 = 745.2(2) Å3, bulk modulus K0 = 167(4) GPa, its first pressure derivative K0? = 5.0(2), dK/dT = -0.02(1) GPa/K, and thermal expansion relation ?T = 4.7(9) × 10-5 + 3(5) × 10-8 × (T - 300) K-1. We also observed anisotropic elastic responses to changes in pressure and temperature along the different crystallographic directions. Fe7C3 has strong anisotropic compressibilities with the linear moduli Ma > Mc > Mb from zero pressure to core pressures at 300 K, rendering the b axis the most compressible upon compression. The thermal expansion of c3 is approximately four times larger than that of a3 and b3 at 600 and 700 K, implying that the high temperature may significantly influence the elastic anisotropy of Fe7C3. Therefore, the effect of high temperature needs to be considered when using Fe7C3 to explain the anisotropy of the Earth's inner core.
DS201904-0805
2019
Zhu, F.Zhu, F., Li, J., Liu, J., Lai, X., Chen, B., Meng, Y.Kinetic control on the depth of superdeep diamonds.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 46, 4, pp. 1984-1992.Mantlediamond genesis

Abstract: Superdeep diamonds originate from great depths inside Earth, carrying samples from inaccessible mantle to the surface. The reaction between carbonate and iron may be an important mechanism to form diamond through interactions between subducting slabs and surrounding mantle. Interestingly, most superdeep diamonds formed in two narrow zones, at 250-450 and 600-800 km depths within the ~2,700?km?deep mantle. No satisfactory hypothesis explains these preferred depths of diamond formation. We measured the rate of a diamond forming reaction between magnesite and iron. Our data show that high temperature promotes the reaction, while high pressure does the opposite. Particularly, the reaction slows down drastically at about 475(±55) km depth, which may explain the rarity of diamond formation below 450 km depth. The only exception is the second zone at 600-800 km, where carbonate accumulates and warms up due to the stagnation of subducting slabs at the top of lower mantle, providing more reactants and higher temperature for diamond formation. Our study demonstrates that the depth distribution of superdeep diamonds may be controlled by reaction rates.
DS201012-0285
2010
Zhu, G.Honda, S., Gerya, T., Zhu, G.A simple three dimensional model of thermo-chemical convection in the mantle wedge.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 290, 3-4, pp. 311-316.MantleGeothermometry
DS201711-2537
2017
Zhu, G.Zhu, R., Zhang, H., Zhu, G., Meng, H., Fan, H., Yang, J., Wu, F., Zhang, Z.Craton destruction and related resources.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 106, 7, pp. 2233-2257.Chinacraton

Abstract: Craton destruction is a dynamic event that plays an important role in Earth’s evolution. Based on comprehensive observations of many studies on the North China Craton (NCC) and correlations with the evolution histories of other cratons around the world, craton destruction has be defined as a geological process that results in the total loss of craton stability due to changes in the physical and chemical properties of the involved craton. The mechanisms responsible for craton destruction would be as the follows: (1) oceanic plate subduction; (2) rollback and retreat of a subducting oceanic plate; (3) stagnation and dehydration of a subducting plate in the mantle transition zone; (4) melting of the mantle above the mantle transition zone caused by dehydration of a stagnant slab; (5) non-steady flow in the upper mantle induced by melting, and/or (6) changes in the nature of the lithospheric mantle and consequent craton destruction caused by non-steady flow. Oceanic plate subduction itself does not result in craton destruction. For the NCC, it is documented that westward subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate should have initiated at the transition from the Middle-to-Late Jurassic, and resulted in the change of tectonic regime of eastern China. We propose that subduction, rollback and retreat of oceanic plates and dehydration of stagnant slabs are the main dynamic factors responsible for both craton destruction and concentration of mineral deposits, such as gold, in the overriding continental plate. Based on global distribution of gold deposits, we suggest that convergent plate margins are the most important setting for large gold concentrations. Therefore, decratonic gold deposits appear to occur preferentially in regions with oceanic subduction and overlying continental lithospheric destruction/modification/growth.
DS201212-0833
2012
Zhu, H.Zhu, H., Bozdag, E., Peter, D., Tromp, J.Structure of the European upper mantle revealed by adjoint tomography.Nature Geoscience, Vol. 5, July, pp. 493-497.EuropeHotspots
DS201506-0302
2015
Zhu, H.Zhu, H., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Zhu, Y., Zhu, F., Zhao, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, W., Xu, W.The discovery of diamonds in chromitites of the Hegenshan ophiolite, Inner Mongolia, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 89, 2, pp. 341-350.China, MongoliaChromitite
DS201710-2262
2017
Zhu, H.Robinson, P.T., Yang, J., Tian, Y., Zhu, H.Diamonds, super reduced and crustal minerals in chromitites of the Hegenshan and Sartohay ophiolites, central Asian orogenic belt, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 91, s1, p. 32 abstractChinadiamond inclusions

Abstract: The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is a huge tectonic mélange that lies between the North China Craton and the Siberian Block. It is composed of multiple orogenic belts, continental fragments, magmatic and metamorphic rocks, suture zones and discontinuous ophiolite belts. Although the Hegenshan and Sartohay ophiolites are separated by nearly 3000 km and lie in completely different parts of the CAOB, they are remarkably similar in many respects. Both are composed mainly of serpentinized peridotite and dunite, with minor gabbro and sparse basalt. They both host significant podiform chromitites that consist of high-Al, refractory magnesiochromite with Cr#s [100Cr/(Cr+Al)] averaging >60. The Sartohay ophiolite has a zircon U-Pb age of ca. 300 Ma and has been intruded by granitic plutons of similar age, resulting in intense hydrothermal activity and the formation of gold-bearing listwanites. The age of the Hegenshan is not firmly established but is thought to have formed in the Carboniferous. Like many other ophiolites that we have investigated in other orogenic belts, the chromitites in these two bodies have abundant diamonds, as well as numerous super-reduced and crustal minerals. The diamonds are mostly, colorless to pale yellow, 200-300 ?m across and have euhedral to anhedral shapes. They all have low carbon isotopes (?14C = ?18 to ?29) and some have visible inclusions. These are accompanied by numerous super-reduced minerals such as moissanite, native elements (Fe, Cr, Si, Al, Mn), and alloys (e.g., Ni-Mn-Fe, Ni-Fe-Al, Ni-Mn-Co, Cr-Ni-Fe, Cr-Fe, Cr-Fe-Mn), as well as a wide range of oxides, sulfides and silicates. Grains of zircon are abundant in the chromitites of both ophiolites and range in age from Precambrian to Cretaceous, reflecting both incorporation of old zircons and modification of grains by hydrothermal alteration. Our investigation confirms that high-Al, refractory chromitites in these two ophiolites have the same range of exotic minerals as high-Cr metallurgical chromitites such as those in the Luobusa ophiolite of Tibet. These collections of exotic minerals in ophiolitic chromitites indicate complex, multi-stage recycling of oceanic and continental crustal material at least to the mantle transition zone, followed by uprise and emplacement of the peridotites into relatively shallow ophiolites.
DS201802-0261
2017
Zhu, H.Robinson, P.T., Yang, J., Tian, Y., Zhu, H.Diamonds, super reduced and crustal minerals in chromitites of the Hegenshan and Sartohay ophiolites, central Asian orogenic belt, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 91, 1, p. 32.Asia, Chinamineralogy

Abstract: The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is a huge tectonic mélange that lies between the North China Craton and the Siberian Block. It is composed of multiple orogenic belts, continental fragments, magmatic and metamorphic rocks, suture zones and discontinuous ophiolite belts. Although the Hegenshan and Sartohay ophiolites are separated by nearly 3000 km and lie in completely different parts of the CAOB, they are remarkably similar in many respects. Both are composed mainly of serpentinized peridotite and dunite, with minor gabbro and sparse basalt. They both host significant podiform chromitites that consist of high-Al, refractory magnesiochromite with Cr#s [100Cr/(Cr+Al)] averaging >60. The Sartohay ophiolite has a zircon U-Pb age of ca. 300 Ma and has been intruded by granitic plutons of similar age, resulting in intense hydrothermal activity and the formation of gold-bearing listwanites. The age of the Hegenshan is not firmly established but is thought to have formed in the Carboniferous.Like many other ophiolites that we have investigated in other orogenic belts, the chromitites in these two bodies have abundant diamonds, as well as numerous super-reduced and crustal minerals. The diamonds are mostly, colorless to pale yellow, 200-300 ?m across and have euhedral to anhedral shapes. They all have low carbon isotopes (?14C = ?18 to ?29) and some have visible inclusions. These are accompanied by numerous super-reduced minerals such as moissanite, native elements (Fe, Cr, Si, Al, Mn), and alloys (e.g., Ni-Mn-Fe, Ni-Fe-Al, Ni-Mn-Co, Cr-Ni-Fe, Cr-Fe, Cr-Fe-Mn), as well as a wide range of oxides, sulfides and silicates. Grains of zircon are abundant in the chromitites of both ophiolites and range in age from Precambrian to Cretaceous, reflecting both incorporation of old zircons and modification of grains by hydrothermal alteration. Our investigation confirms that high-Al, refractory chromitites in these two ophiolites have the same range of exotic minerals as high-Cr metallurgical chromitites such as those in the Luobusa ophiolite of Tibet. These collections of exotic minerals in ophiolitic chromitites indicate complex, multi-stage recycling of oceanic and continental crustal material at least to the mantle transition zone, followed by uprise and emplacement of the peridotites into relatively shallow ophiolites.
DS202110-1647
2021
Zhu, H.Zhu, H., Ionov, D.A., Du, L., Zhang, Z., Sun, W.Ca-Sr isotope and chemical evidence for distinct sources of carbonatite and silicate mantle metasomatism.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 312, pp. 158-179. pdfEurope, Norwaydeposit - Spitzbergen

Abstract: Enrichments in light REE without concomitant enrichments in high-field-strength elements in mantle peridotites are usually attributed to inputs from carbonate-rich melts and referred to as ‘carbonatite’ metasomatism as opposed to interaction with evolved silicate melts. Alternatively, both enrichment types are ascribed to percolating volatile-bearing mafic liquids whose chemical signatures evolve from ‘silicate’ to ‘carbonatite’. Here we compare these models for peridotites in which these enrichment types are combined, as may be common in the mantle. We report new Ca-Sr-Nd isotope and chemical data for lherzolite and harzburgite xenoliths from Spitsbergen that were metasomatized, first, by silicate, then by carbonate-rich melts that formed carbonate-bearing pockets replacing earlier minerals. Seven crushed samples were treated with acetic acid that dissolved carbonates formed in the latest event, but not silicates. The leachates (acid-removed carbonates making up 0.6-1.4% of total sample mass) contain much more Sr than the residues after leaching (277-2923 vs. 16-60 ppm), have a greater overall 87Sr/86Sr range (0.7049-0.7141 vs. 0.7036-0.7055) and higher 87Sr/86Sr in each sample than the residues. The leachates have lower ?44/40Ca range (0.17-0.68‰) than the residues (0.78-1.00‰), as well as lower ?44/40Ca than the residues in all samples but one. By and large, the carbonates are out of Ca-Sr isotope equilibrium with the host peridotites implying that the older silicate and younger carbonatite metasomatism were produced by different parental melts, thus supporting the existence of distinctive carbonate-rich metasomatic media in the lithospheric mantle, possibly including recycled materials. The ?44/40Ca in the leachates (i.e. carbonates, 0.17-0.68‰) are well below bulk silicate Earth (BSE) estimates (0.94 ± 0.05‰) and ?44/40Ca in non-metasomatized melt-depleted mantle. Yet, ?44/40Ca in the non-leached whole rock (WR) carbonate-bearing samples (0.75-0.95‰) fall within, or are only slightly lower than, the BSE range. The 87Sr/86Sr range in these WR samples (0.7030-0.7112) includes very high values for peridotites with large aggregates of dolomite and Mg-calcite. It appears that both carbonatite and silicate metasomatism may produce ?44/40Ca values lower than the BSE such that Ca-isotope data cannot robustly tell apart these two enrichment types, yet carbonatite metasomatism may yield the lowest ?44/40Ca. Carbonates, even at small mass fractions, are significant hosts of Sr in the WR Spitsbergen peridotites (8-51 wt.% of Sr mass) because of very high Sr concentrations, but add little to WR Ca balance (3-12 wt.%). As a result, high Sr content and 87Sr/86Sr ratios may be indices (though not definitive proofs) of carbonatite metasomatism in mantle rocks.
DS2003-0208
2003
Zhu, J.Cao, J., He, Z., Zhu, J., Fullagar, P.K.Conductivity tomography at two frequenciesGeophysics, Vol. 68, 2, pp. 516-22.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-0269
2003
Zhu, J.Cao, J., He, Z., Zhu, J., Fullagar, P.K.Conductivity tomography at two frequencies.Geophysics, Vol. 68, 2, pp. 516-22.MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0180
2007
Zhu, J.Cheng, X., Zhu, J., Cai, X.Vertical veolcity of mantle flow of East Asia and adjacent areas.Frontiers of Earth Science in China., 2007 - 1, no. 2, pp. 172-180.Asia, ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0181
2007
Zhu, J.Cheng, X., Zhu, J., Cai, X.Vertical veolcity of mantle flow of East Asia and adjacent areas.Frontiers of Earth Science in China., 2007 - 1, no. 2, pp. 172-180.Asia, ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS201412-0424
2013
Zhu, J.Januszczak, N., Seller, M.H., Kurzlaukis, S., Murphy, C., Delgaty, J., Tappe, S., Ali, K., Zhu, J., Ellemers, P.A multidisciplinary approach to the Attwapiskat kimberlite field, Canada: accelerating the discovery-to-production pipeline.Proceedings of the 10th. International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 2, pp. 157-172.Canada, Ontario, AttawapiskatDeposit - Victor area
DS201903-0507
2019
Zhu, J.Evans, R.L., Elsenbeck, J., Zhu, J., Abelsalam, M.G., Sarafian, E., Mutamina, D., Chilongola, F., Atekwan, E., Jones, A.G.Structure of the lithosphere beneath the Barotse Basin, western Zambia from magnetotelluric data.Tectonics, in press available Africa, Zambiamelting

Abstract: A magnetotelluric survey in the Barotse Basin of western Zambia shows clear evidence for thinned lithosphere beneath an orogenic belt. The uppermost asthenosphere, at a depth of 60-70 km, is highly conductive, suggestive of the presence of a small amount of partial melt, despite the fact that there is no surface expression of volcanism in the region. Although the data support the presence of thicker cratonic lithosphere to the southeast of the basin, the lithospheric thickness is not well resolved and models show variations ranging from ~80 to 150 km in this region. Similarly variable is the conductivity of the mantle beneath the basin and immediately beneath the cratonic lithosphere to the southeast, although the conductivity is required to be elevated compared to normal lithospheric mantle. In a general sense, two classes of model are compatible with the magnetotelluric data: one with a moderately conductive mantle and one with more elevated conductivities. This latter class would be consistent with the impingement of a stringer of plume?fed melt beneath the cratonic lithosphere, with the melt migrating upslope to thermally erode lithosphere beneath the orogenic belt that is overlain by the Barotse Basin. Such processes are potentially important for intraplate volcanism and also for development or propagation of rifting as lithosphere is thinned and weakened by melt. Both models show clear evidence for thinning of the lithosphere beneath the orogenic belt, consistent with elevated heat flow data in the region.
DS201904-0733
2019
Zhu, J.Evans, R.L., Elsenbeck, J., Zhu, J., Abdelsalam, M.G., Sarafian, E., Mutamina, D., Chilongola, F., Atekwana, E.A., Jones, A.G.Structure of the lithosphere beneath the Barotse basin, western Zambia, from magnetotelluric data.Tectonics, Vol. 38, 2, pp. 666-686.Africa, Zambiageophysics

Abstract: A magnetotelluric survey in the Barotse Basin of western Zambia shows clear evidence for thinned lithosphere beneath an orogenic belt. The uppermost asthenosphere, at a depth of 60-70 km, is highly conductive, suggestive of the presence of a small amount of partial melt, despite the fact that there is no surface expression of volcanism in the region. Although the data support the presence of thicker cratonic lithosphere to the southeast of the basin, the lithospheric thickness is not well resolved and models show variations ranging from ~80 to 150 km in this region. Similarly variable is the conductivity of the mantle beneath the basin and immediately beneath the cratonic lithosphere to the southeast, although the conductivity is required to be elevated compared to normal lithospheric mantle. In a general sense, two classes of model are compatible with the magnetotelluric data: one with a moderately conductive mantle and one with more elevated conductivities. This latter class would be consistent with the impingement of a stringer of plume?fed melt beneath the cratonic lithosphere, with the melt migrating upslope to thermally erode lithosphere beneath the orogenic belt that is overlain by the Barotse Basin. Such processes are potentially important for intraplate volcanism and also for development or propagation of rifting as lithosphere is thinned and weakened by melt. Both models show clear evidence for thinning of the lithosphere beneath the orogenic belt, consistent with elevated heat flow data in the region.
DS202011-2032
2020
Zhu, J.Cai, W-C., Zhang, Z-C., Zhu, J., Santosh, M., Pan, R-H.Genesis of high ni-olivine phenocrysts of the Dali picrites in the central Emeishan large igneous province.Geological Magazine, doi: 10.1017/ S0016756820001053 10p. Chinapicrites

Abstract: The Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP) in SW China is considered to be a typical mantle-plume-derived LIP. The picrites formed at relatively high temperatures in the ELIP, providing one of the important lines of argument for the role of mantle plume. Here we report trace-element data on olivine phenocrysts in the Dali picrites from the ELIP. The olivines are Ni-rich, and characterized by high (>1.4) 100×Mn/Fe value and low (<13) 10 000×Zn/Fe value, indicating a peridotite-dominated source. Since the olivine-melt Ni partition coefficient (KDNiol/melt) will decrease at high temperatures and pressures, the picrites derived from peridotite melting at high pressure, and that crystallized olivines at lower pressure, can generate high concentrations of Ni in olivine phenocrysts, excluding the necessity of a metasomatic pyroxenite contribution. Based on the Al-in-olivine thermometer, olivine crystallization temperature and mantle potential temperature (T P) were calculated at c. 1491°C and c. 1559°C, respectively. Our results are c. 200°C higher than that of the normal asthenospheric mantle, and are consistent with the role of a mantle thermal plume for the ELIP.
DS202202-0219
2022
Zhu, J.Tan, W., Qin, X., Liu, J., Zhou, M-F., He, H., Yang, C.Y., Huang, J., Zhu, J., Yao, Y., Cudahy, T.Feasibility of visible short-wave infrared reflectance spectroscopy to characterize regolith-hosted rare earth element mineralization.Economic Geology, Vol. 117, 3, pp. 485-494.Chinadeposit - Renju

Abstract: Regolith-hosted rare earth element (REE) deposits predominate global resources of heavy REEs. Regoliths are underlain by various types of igneous rocks and do not always host economically valuable deposits. Thus a feasible and convenient method is desired to identify REE mineralization in a particular regolith. This study presents a detailed visible short-wave infrared reflectance (VSWIR) spectroscopic study of the Renju regolith-hosted REE deposit, South China, to provide diagnostic parameters for targeting REE orebodies in regoliths. The results show that the spectral parameters, M794_2nd and M800_2nd, derived from the VSWIR absorption of Nd3+ at approximately 800 nm, can be effectively used to estimate the total REE concentrations in regolith profiles. M1396_2nd/M1910_2nd ratios can serve as proxies to evaluate weathering intensities in a regolith. Abrupt changes of specific spectral features related to mineral abundances, chemical compositions, and weathering intensities can be correlated with variations of protolith that formed a regolith. These VSWIR proxies are robust and can be used for exploration of regolith-hosted REE deposits.
DS202105-0768
2020
Zhu, K.Jiang, S. Su, H., Xiong, Y., Liu, T., Zhu, K., Zhang, L.Spatial temporal distribution, geological characteristics and ore formation controlling factors of major types of rare metal mineral deposits in China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 94, 6, pp. 1757-1773.ChinaREE

Abstract: Rare metals including Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), Zirconium (Zr), Hafnium (Hf), Niobium (Nb), Tantalum (Ta), Tungsten (W) and Tin (Sn) are important critical mineral resources. In China, rare metal mineral deposits are spatially distributed mainly in the Altay and Southern Great Xingán Range regions in the Central Asian orogenic belt; in the Middle Qilian, South Qinling and East Qinling mountains regions in the Qilian-Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt; in the Western Sichuan and Bailongshan-Dahongliutan regions in the Kunlun-Songpan-Garze orogenic belt, and in the Northeastern Jiangxi, Northwestern Jiangxi, and Southern Hunan regions in South China. Major ore?forming epochs include Indosinian (mostly 200-240 Ma, in particular in western China) and the Yanshanian (mostly 120-160 Ma, in particular in South China). In addition, Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, northeastern China, with a complex formation history, hosts the largest REE and Nb deposits in China. There are six major rare metal mineral deposit types in China: Highly fractionated granite; Pegmatite; Alkaline granite; Carbonatite and alkaline rock; Volcanic; and Hydrothermal types. Two further types, namely the Leptynite type and Breccia pipe type, have recently been discovered in China, and are represented by the Yushishan Nb-Ta- (Zr-Hf-REE) and the Weilasituo Li-Rb-Sn-W-Zn-Pb deposits. Several most important controlling factors for rare metal mineral deposits are discussed, including geochemical behaviors and sources of the rare metals, highly evolved magmatic fractionation, and structural controls such as the metamorphic core complex setting, with a revised conceptual model for the latter.
DS201607-1322
2016
Zhu, L.Zhang, Y., Wu, Y., Wang, C., Zhu, L., Jin, Z.Experimental constraints on the fate of subducted upper continental crust beyond the depth of no return.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 186, pp. 207-225.MantleSubduction, melting

Abstract: The subducted continental crust material will be gravitationally trapped in the deep mantle after having been transported to depths of greater than ?250 -300 km (the “depth of no return”). However, little is known about the status of this trapped continental material as well as its contribution to the mantle heterogeneity after achieving thermal equilibrium with the surrounding mantle. Here, we conduct an experimental study over pressure and temperature ranges of 9 -16 GPa and 1300 -1800 °C to constrain the fate of these trapped upper continental crust (UCC). The experimental results show that partial melting will occur in the subducted UCC along normal mantle geotherm to produce K-rich melt. The residual phases composed of coesite/stishovite + clinopyroxene + kyanite in the upper mantle, and stishovite + clinopyroxene + K-hollandite + garnet + CAS-phase in the mantle transition zone (MTZ), respectively. The residual phases achieve densities greater than the surrounding mantle, which provides a driving force for descent across the 410-km seismic discontinuity into the MTZ. However, this density relationship is reversed at the base of the MTZ, leaving the descended residues to be accumulated above the 660-km seismic discontinuity and may contribute to the “second continent”. The melt is ?0.6 -0.7 g/cm3 less dense than the surrounding mantle, which provides a buoyancy force for ascent of melt to shallow depths. The ascending melt, which preserves a significant portion of the bulk-rock rare earth elements (REEs), large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), and high-filed strength elements (HFSEs), may react with the surrounding mantle. Re-melting of the metasomatized mantle may contribute to the origin of the “enriched mantle sources” (EM-sources). Therefore, the deep subducted continental crust may create geochemical/geophysical heterogeneity in Earth’s interior through subduction, stagnation, partial melting and melt segregation.
DS201909-2110
2019
Zhu, L.Zhang, Y., Wang, C., Zhu, L., Jin, Z., Li, W.Partial melting of mixed sediment-peridotite mantle source and its implications.Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 124, 7, pp. 6490-6503.Mantleperidotite

Abstract: Subducted sediments play an important role in the transport of incompatible elements back into the Earth's mantle. In recent years, studies of volcanic rocks from Samoan (Jackson et al., 2007, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06048), NE China (Wang, Chen, et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.02.028), and Gaussberg, Antarctica (Murphy et al., 2002, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/43.6.981), have shown geochemical records of a sediment?influenced mantle source from the deep Earth. However, experimental studies on the partial melting behavior of mixed sediment?peridotite mantle beyond subarc depths are very rare. In this study, we conducted experiments to investigate the partial melting behavior of mixed sediment?peridotite mantle at 4-15 GPa and 1200-1800 °C. The experimental solidi of mixed sediment?peridotite and K?feldspar?peridotite systems (Mixes A and B) cross the hot mantle geotherm at depths of around the X discontinuity (seismic discontinuity, ~300?km depth). The trace element compositions of the corresponding partial melts in Mix A showed similar characteristics to those of the Samoan basaltic lavas, potassic basalts from NE China, and Gaussberg lamproites. Therefore, the experimental results provide a possible explanation for the origin of some unusual mantle?derived volcanic rocks that contain recycled sediment signatures and have very deep origins. At depths of ~300 km (X discontinuity), a mixed sediment?peridotite source was heated by a hot?upwelling mantle and produced enriched melt. The enriched melt may interact with the surrounding mantle before incorporated into the upwelling mantle plume and becoming involved in the origin of some volcanic rocks. The experiments also provide a possible link between the enriched?mantle source in the deep mantle and the X discontinuity.
DS202010-1838
2020
Zhu, L.Deng, L., Geng, X., Liu, Y., Zong, K., Zhu, L., Zhengwei, L., Hu, Z., Guodong, Z., Guangfu, C.Lithospheric modification by carbonatitic to alkaline melts and deep carbon cycle: insights from peridotite xenoliths of eastern China.Lithos, in press available 38p. PdfChinacarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonates in subducting oceanic slabs can survive beyond slab dehydration and be transferred into the deep mantle. Such deep carbon cycling plays a critical role in generating carbonatitic to alkaline melts. However, whether and how this process has influenced the lithospheric mantle still remains enigmatic. To address these issues, here we provide a detailed petrographic, in-situ chemical and Sr isotopic study on two mantle xenoliths (a wehrlite and a melt pocket-bearing peridotite) entrained by the Changle Miocene basalts from the eastern China. The Changle wehrlite contains carbonate melt inclusions and apatites and is merely enriched in clinopyroxene relative to the lherzolites. The clinopyroxenes are characterized by high (La/Yb)N (4.7-41) and low Ti/Eu (873-2292) ratios and equilibrated with carbonated silicate melt-like compositions. These petrographic and chemical features indicate that the wehrlite was formed by reaction between peridotite and carbonated silicate melts. On the other hand, the Changle melt pocket-bearing peridotite is suggested to have been produced by in-situ melting/breakdown of amphiboles of an amphibole-rich dunite. Low olivine Fo (~89), presence of amphiboles with high (La/Yb)N (~50) and low Ti/Eu (~1070) ratios suggest that such amphibole-rich dunite would have been formed by reaction of peridotite with hydrous alkaline basaltic melts from a carbonated mantle. Our data, combined with previously reported data of the Changle lherzolite xenoliths, unravel a series of mantle metasomatisms by carbonatitic to alkaline melts from carbonated mantle sources. The consistently high 87Sr/86Sr ratios (up to 0.7036) of the clinopyroxenes in both the wehrlites and lherzolites indicate the carbonate components in the mantle sources were derived from the stagnant Pacific slab within the Mantle Transition Zone. This study provides a fresh perspective on the role of deep carbon cycling from subducted oceanic slabs in chemical modification of intracontinental lithospheric mantle through reaction with different types of melts.
DS201502-0129
2014
Zhu, L-F.Zhu, L-F., Wang, X-f., Pan, X.Moving KML geometry elements within Google Earth.Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 72, pp. 176-183.TechnologyNot specific to diamonds
DS200812-1315
2007
Zhu, M.Zhang, Y., Xu, M., Zhu, M., Wang, H.Silicate melt properties and volcanic eruptions.Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 45, RG 4004MantleMagmatism
DS200912-0865
2009
Zhu, M.F.Zhou, Y.F., Massonne, H.J., Zhu, M.F.Petrology of low temperature, ultra high pressure marbles and interlayered coesite eclogites near Sanqingge, Sulu terrane, eastern China.Mineralogical Magazine, Vol.73, 2, April, pp. 3-7-332.ChinaUHP
DS201412-0492
2014
Zhu, P.Kusky, T.M., Li, X., Wang, Z., Fu, J., Ze, L., Zhu, P.Are Wilson cycles preserved in Archean cratons? A comparison of the North Chin and Slave cratons.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 51, 3, pp. 297-311.China, Canada, Northwest TerritoriesWilson cycle
DS200612-1589
2006
Zhu, R.Zhan, X., Zhu, R., Liao, X.On thermal interaction between the Earth's core and mantle: an annular channel Model.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 159, 1-2, pp. 96-108.MantleGeothermometry, core convection, geodynamics
DS200612-1608
2006
Zhu, R.Zheng, T., Chen, L., Zhao, L., Xu, W., Zhu, R.Crust mantle structure difference across the gravity gradient zone in North Chin a Craton: seismic image of the thinned continental crust.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 159, 1-2, pp. 43-58.ChinaGeophysics - seismics
DS201212-0827
2012
Zhu, R.Zheng, T., Zhu, R., Liang, Ai, Y.Intralithospheric mantle structures recorded continental subduction.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 117, B3, B03308MantleSubduction
DS201412-0966
2014
Zhu, R.Wang, Y., He, H., Ivanov, A.V., Zhu, R.,Lo, C.Age and origin of charoitite, Malyy Murun massif, Siberia Russia.International Geology Review, Vol. 56, 8, pp. 1007-1019.RussiaCharoite
DS201711-2537
2017
Zhu, R.Zhu, R., Zhang, H., Zhu, G., Meng, H., Fan, H., Yang, J., Wu, F., Zhang, Z.Craton destruction and related resources.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 106, 7, pp. 2233-2257.Chinacraton

Abstract: Craton destruction is a dynamic event that plays an important role in Earth’s evolution. Based on comprehensive observations of many studies on the North China Craton (NCC) and correlations with the evolution histories of other cratons around the world, craton destruction has be defined as a geological process that results in the total loss of craton stability due to changes in the physical and chemical properties of the involved craton. The mechanisms responsible for craton destruction would be as the follows: (1) oceanic plate subduction; (2) rollback and retreat of a subducting oceanic plate; (3) stagnation and dehydration of a subducting plate in the mantle transition zone; (4) melting of the mantle above the mantle transition zone caused by dehydration of a stagnant slab; (5) non-steady flow in the upper mantle induced by melting, and/or (6) changes in the nature of the lithospheric mantle and consequent craton destruction caused by non-steady flow. Oceanic plate subduction itself does not result in craton destruction. For the NCC, it is documented that westward subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate should have initiated at the transition from the Middle-to-Late Jurassic, and resulted in the change of tectonic regime of eastern China. We propose that subduction, rollback and retreat of oceanic plates and dehydration of stagnant slabs are the main dynamic factors responsible for both craton destruction and concentration of mineral deposits, such as gold, in the overriding continental plate. Based on global distribution of gold deposits, we suggest that convergent plate margins are the most important setting for large gold concentrations. Therefore, decratonic gold deposits appear to occur preferentially in regions with oceanic subduction and overlying continental lithospheric destruction/modification/growth.
DS200812-1323
2008
Zhu, R.X.Zheng, T.Y., Zhao, L., Zhu, R.X.Insight into the geodynamics of cratonic reactivation from seismic analysis of the crust mantle boundary.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, 8, L08303MantleGeophysics - seismics
DS201909-2111
2019
Zhu, R.Z.Zhu, R.Z., Ni, P., Ding, J.Y., Wang, G.G., Fan, M.S., Li, S.N.Metasomatic processes in the lithospheric mantle beneath the No. 30 kimberlite ( Wafangdian region, North China craton).canminportal.org, Vol. 57, pp. 499-517.Chinadeposit - No. 30

Abstract: This paper presents the first major and trace element compositions of mantle-derived garnet xenocrysts from the diamondiferous No. 30 kimberlite pipe in the Wafangdian region, and these are used to constrain the nature and evolution of mantle metasomatism beneath the North China Craton (NCC). The major element data were acquired using an electron probe micro-analyzer and the trace element data were obtained using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Based on Ni-in-garnet thermometry, equilibrium temperatures of 1107-1365 °C were estimated for peridotitic garnets xenocrysts from the No. 30 kimberlite, with an average temperature of 1258 °C, and pressures calculated to be between 5.0 and 7.4 GPa. In a CaO versus Cr2O3 diagram, 52% of the garnets fall in the lherzolite field and 28% in the harzburgite field; a few of the garnets are eclogitic. Based on rare earth element patterns, the lherzolitic garnets are further divided into three groups. The compositional variations in garnet xenocrysts reflect two stages of metasomatism: early carbonatite melt/fluid metasomatism and late kimberlite metasomatism. The carbonatite melt/fluids are effective at introducing Sr and the light rare earth elements, but ineffective at transporting much Zr, Ti, Y, or heavy rare earth elements. The kimberlite metasomatic agent is highly effective at element transport, introducing, e.g., Ti, Zr, Y, and the rare earth elements. Combined with compositional data for garnet inclusions in diamonds and megacrysts from the Mengyin and Wafangdian kimberlites, we suggest that these signatures reflect a two-stage evolution of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) beneath the NCC: (1) early-stage carbonatite melt/fluid metasomatism resulting in metasomatic modification of the SCLM and likely associated with diamond crystallization; (2) late-stage kimberlite metasomatism related to the eruption of the 465 Ma kimberlite.
DS200812-1235
2007
Zhu, R-X.Wang, F., Lu, X-X., Lo, C-H., Wu, F-Y., He, H-Y., Yang, L-K., Zhu, R-X.Post collisional, potassic monzonite-minette complex Shahewan in the Qinling Mountains: 40Ar 39Ar thermochronology, petrogenesis, implications - dynamicJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 31, 2, October pp. 153-166.ChinaMinette
DS201212-0813
2013
Zhu, R-X.Zhang, H-F.,Zhu, R-X., Ying, J-F., Hu, Y.Episodic Wide spread magma underplating beneath the North Chin a craton in the Phanerozoic: implications for craton destruction.Gondwana Research, Vol. 23, 1, pp. 95-107.ChinaGeothermometry
DS201212-0834
2012
Zhu, R-X.Zhu, R-X., Yang, J-H., Wu, F-Y.Timing of destruction of the North Chin a craton.Lithos, Vol. 149, pp. 51-60.ChinaSubduction
DS1984-0177
1984
Zhu, T.F.Brown, L.D., Zhu, T.F.Keweenawan Rift Structure and Stratigraphy Beneath the Michigan Basin from Cocorp Profiling.Geological Association of Canada (GAC), Vol. 9, P. 49. (abstract.).MichiganMid-continent
DS2003-1561
2003
Zhu, W.Zhu, W., Hirth, G.A network model for permeability in partially molten rocksEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 212, 3-4, pp. 407-416.MantleMelting
DS200412-2229
2003
Zhu, W.Zhu, W., Hirth, G.A network model for permeability in partially molten rocks.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 212, 3-4, pp. 407-416.MantleMelting
DS202010-1879
2020
Zhu, W.Song, Z., Lu, T., Liu, H., Dai, H., Ke, J., Zhu, W., Zhang, J.Identification of Type IIa blue CVD diamonds from Huzhou SinoC semiconductor.Journal of Gemmology, Vol. 37, 3, pp. 306-313.Chinasynthetics

Abstract: Gemmological and spectroscopic characteristics are reported for two type IIa blue CVD synthetic diamonds from Huzhou SinoC Semiconductor Science and Technology Co. Ltd, China. These are the first relatively large (1.76 and 2.63 ct) blue CVD synthetics examined in NGTC’s laboratories, and their colour was slightly brighter than other blue synthetic diamonds that we have encountered. In the DiamondView, they fluoresced blue (with purple-red in one sample), which is unusual for CVD synthetics. The mid- and near-IR absorption spectra of one sample showed no hydrogen-related features, while the other synthetic diamond showed a weak absorption at 6853 cm?1attributed to hydrogen. The spectra of both samples had a very weak line at 1332 cm?1 due to isolated nitrogen and a distinct band at 9282 cm-1 related to radiation. A very strong GR1 absorption feature was detected by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy. Photoluminescence spectra obtained at liquid-nitrogen temperature recorded emissions related to radiation (mainly in the 480-510 nm region), N-V and [Si-V]- centres, and several unassigned weak emissions. This combination of optical centres strongly suggests that these samples underwent post-growth treatment to improve their transparency before they were irradiated to produce blue colouration.
DS202205-0732
2022
Zhu, W.Wu, H., Zhu, W., Ge, R.Evidence for carbonatite derived from the Earth's crust: the late Paleoproterozoic carbonate-rich magmatic rocks in the southeast Tarim Craton, northwest China.Precambrian Research, Vol. 369, 106425 20p.Chinacarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatites are generally accepted as derived from the mantle, whereas viewpoint of carbonatitic melt formed at crust level is considered marginal. Here we document large-scale (?17?km2) igneous carbonate-rich rocks in the southeast Tarim Craton that were formed within the crust. These rocks exhibit clear intrusive contact with the wall-rocks and contain diverse xenolith, indicating an igneous origin. Zircon U-Pb dating reveals that they were emplaced at ca. 1.94-1.92 and 1.87-1.86?Ga, respectively. ?18O values in zircons (5.7-13.7‰) are higher than those crystallized in equilibrium with mantle melt. Total REE content is 1-2 magnitude lower than that of mantle carbonatite and shows weak fractionation of HREE. REE modeling reveals that the samples cannot be produced by partial melting of carbonated MORB at mantle conditions. The studied samples have positive ?13CV-PDB values (4.2-15.7‰), which are distinct from the mantle carbonatite but comparable to sedimentary carbonates. C-O-Sr-Nd isotope modelling indicates that the compositions of the studied samples cannot be produced by evolution of mantle carbonatite. Integrating these lines of evidence, we conclude that the studied carbonate-rich magmatic rocks were derived from partial melting of impure marble at crustal level via fluid-present melting. These carbonatites probably represent the initial magmatic record of tectonic extension of the late Paleoproterozoic collisional orogenic belt in the southern margin of the Tarim craton. The positive carbon excursion recorded by the high ?13CV-PDB values probably corresponds to the global Paleoproterozoic Lomagundi-Jatuli event. Our study implies that partial melting of sedimentary carbonates is more common than previously thought, which has significant impacts on crust rheology and global carbon cycling
DS201708-1586
2017
Zhu, W-P.Zhou, Z-G., Wang, G-S., Di, Y-J., Gu, Y-C., Zhang, D., Zhu, W-P., Liu, C-F., Wu, C., Li, H-Y., Chen, L-Z.Discovery of Mesoproterozoic kimberlite from Dorbed Banner Inner Mongolia and its tectonic significance.Geological Journal, pp. 1-13.Asia, Mongoliadeposit - Longtou Shan

Abstract: Porphyritic olivine kimberlitic breccia, discovered in the Dörbed Banner of Inner Mongolia, Western China, is referred to as Longtou Shan Kimberlite in our study. This kimberlite occurs as a pipe in the Halahuogete Formation of Bayan Obo Group. Zircon U–Pb ages of Longtou Shan Kimberlite reveals a Mesoproterozoic age of ~1,552 Ma, constraining the deposition age of Halahuogete Formation to the Mesoproterozoic. Compared with Mesoproterozoic kimberlite of the ancient landmass, it can be inferred that the North China Craton is a member of the Ur ancient continent of the Columbia supercontinent. Furthermore, according to the tectonic background of the Bayan Obo Group, we raise this possibility that “Bayan Obo Aulacogen” should be renamed the “Bayan Obo Continental Rift.”
DS201904-0804
2017
Zhu, W-p.Zhou, Z., Wang, G., Di, Y-J,m Gu, Y-C., Zhang, D., Zhu, W-p., Liu, C., Wu, C., Li, H., Chen, L.-z.Discovery of Mesoproterozoic kimberlite from Dorbed Benner, Inner Mongolia and its tectonic significance.Geochemistry International, doi:10.1002/gi.2939 14p.China, Mongoliadeposit - Longtou Shan

Abstract: Porphyritic olivine kimberlitic breccia, discovered in the Dörbed Banner of Inner Mongolia, Western China, is referred to as Longtou Shan Kimberlite in our study. This kimberlite occurs as a pipe in the Halahuogete Formation of Bayan Obo Group. Zircon U-Pb ages of Longtou Shan Kimberlite reveals a Mesoproterozoic age of ~1,552 Ma, constraining the deposition age of Halahuogete Formation to the Mesoproterozoic. Compared with Mesoproterozoic kimberlite of the ancient landmass, it can be inferred that the North China Craton is a member of the Ur ancient continent of the Columbia supercontinent. Furthermore, according to the tectonic background of the Bayan Obo Group, we raise this possibility that “Bayan Obo Aulacogen” should be renamed the “Bayan Obo Continental Rift.”
DS201012-0892
2010
Zhu, X.Zhao, X., Zhang, H., Zhu, X., Tang, S., Tang, Y.Iron isotope variations in spinel peridotite xenoliths from North Chin a craton: implications for mantle metasomatism.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 160, 1, pp. 1-14.ChinaXenoliths
DS201502-0110
2014
Zhu, X.Sun, J., Zhu, X., Chen, Y., Fang, N., Li, S.Is the Bayan Obo ore deposit a micrite mound? A comparison with the Sailinhudong micrite mound.International Geology Review, Vol. 56, 14, pp. 1720-1731.ChinaCarbonatite
DS201502-0124
2014
Zhu, X.Wu, F.Y., Xu, Y., Zhu, X., Zhang, G.W.Thinning and destruction of the cratonic lithosphere: a global perspective.Science China Earth Sciences, Vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 2878-2890.China, GlobalPlume, subduction
DS201502-0130
2015
Zhu, X-k.Zhu, X-k., Sun, J., Pan, C.Sm-Nd isotopic constraints on rare earth mineralization in the Bayan Obo ore deposit, Inner Mongolia, China.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 64, pp. 543-553.ChinaDeposit - Bayan Obo
DS202106-0972
2021
Zhu, X-K.Sun, J., Zhu, X-K., Belshaw, N.S., Chen, W., Doroshkevich, A.G., Luo, W.J., Song, W.L., Chen, B.B., Cheng, Z.G., Li, Z.H., Wang, Y., Kynicky, J., Henderson, G.M.Ca isotope systematics of carbonatites: insights into carbonatite source and evolution.Geochemical Perspectives Letters, Vol. 17, pp. 11-15. pdfMantlecarbonatites

Abstract: Carbonatite, an unusual carbonate-rich igneous rock, is known to be sourced from the mantle which provides insights into mantle-to-crust carbon transfer. To constrain further the Ca isotopic composition of carbonatites, investigate the behaviour of Ca isotopes during their evolution, and constrain whether recycled carbonates are involved in their source regions, we report ?44/42Ca for 47 worldwide carbonatite and associated silicate rocks using a refined analytical protocol. Our results show that primary carbonatite and associated silicate rocks are rather homogeneous in Ca isotope compositions that are comparable to ?44/42Ca values of basalts, while non-primary carbonatites show detectable ?44/42Ca variations that are correlated to ?13C values. Our finding suggests that Ca isotopes fractionate during late stages of carbonatite evolution, making it a useful tool in the study of carbonatite evolution. The finding also implies that carbonatite is sourced from a mantle source without requiring the involvement of recycled carbonates.
DS1991-0675
1991
Zhu, Y.Harris, J.W., Duncan, D.J., Zhang, F., Mia, Q., Zhu, Y.The physical characteristics and syngenetic inclusion geochemistry Of diamonds from Pipe 50, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of Chin a #1Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June, pp. 160-162ChinaDiamond morphology, Peridotite, Diamond inclusions
DS2002-1794
2002
Zhu, Y.Zhu, Y., Ogasawara, Y.Phlogopite and coesite exsolution from super silici clinopyroxeneInternational Geology Review, Vol. 44, 9, pp. 831-36.GlobalPetrology
DS2002-1795
2002
Zhu, Y.Zhu, Y., Ogasawara, Y.Carbon recycled into deep earth: evidence from dolomite association in subduction zone arc.Geology, Vol. 30, 10, Oct. pp. 947-50.RussiaUHP, texture, subduction, diamond, Kochetav Massif
DS2002-1796
2002
Zhu, Y.Zhu, Y., Ogasawara, Y., Ayabe, T.The mineralogy of the Kokchetav 'lamproite': implications for the magma evolutionJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol.116, 1-2, pp. 35-61.RussiaPetrology - clinopyroxene, magnetite, Deposit - Kokchetav
DS200412-2230
2004
Zhu, Y.Zhu, Y., Ogasawara, Y.Clinopyroxene phenocrysts ( with green salite cores) in trachybasalts: implications for two magma chambers under the Kokchetav UJournal of Asian Earth Sciences, Vol. 22, 5, January pp. 517-527.Russia, KazakhstanUHP, magma mixing, subduction
DS201412-0996
2014
Zhu, Y.Xu, Y., Cawood, P., Du, Y., Yu, L., Yu, W., Zhu, Y., Li, W.Linking south Chin a to northern Australia and India on the margin of Gondwana: constraints from detrital zircon U-Pb isotopes in Cambrian strata.Tectonics, Vol. 32, 6, pp. 1547-1558.ChinaGeochronology
DS201412-1030
2014
Zhu, Y.Zhu, Y., Cuma, M., Kinakin, Y., Zhdanov, M.S.Joint inversion airborne gravity gradiometry and magnetic dat a from the Lac de Gras region of the Northwest Territories of Canada.SEG Annual Meeting Denver, pp. 1709-1713.Canada, Northwest TerritoriesGeophysics - Lac de Gras
DS201501-0035
2014
Zhu, Y.Zhu, Y., Cuma, M., Kinakin, Y., Zhdanov, M.S.Joint inversion of airborne gravity gradiometry and magnetic dat a from the Lac de Gras region of the Northwest Territories.SEG Annual Meeting Denver, 5p. Extended abstractCanada, Northwest TerritoriesDeposit - Lac de Gras region
DS201506-0302
2015
Zhu, Y.Zhu, H., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Zhu, Y., Zhu, F., Zhao, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, W., Xu, W.The discovery of diamonds in chromitites of the Hegenshan ophiolite, Inner Mongolia, China.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 89, 2, pp. 341-350.China, MongoliaChromitite
DS201601-0019
2015
Zhu, Y.Huang, Yang, J., Zhu, Y., Xiong, F., Liu, Z., Zhang, Z., Xu, W.The discovery of diamonds in chromitite of the Hegenshan ophiolite, Inner Mongolia.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 89, 2, p. 32.Asia, MongoliaOphiolite

Abstract: Diamond, moissanite and a variety of other minerals, similar to those reported from ophiolites in Tibet and northern Russia, have recently been discovered in chromitites of the Hegenshan ophiolite of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, north China. The chromitites are small, podiform and vein-like bodies hosted in dunite, clinopyroxene-bearing peridotite, troctolite and gabbro. All of the analysed chromite grains are relatively Al-rich, with Cr# [100Cr/(Cr+Al)] of about 47-53. Preliminary studies of mainly disseminated chromitite from ore body No. 3756 have identified more than 30 mineral species in addition to diamond and moissanite. These include oxides (mostly hematite, magnetite, rutile, anatase, cassiterite, and quartz), sulfides (pyrite, marcasite and others), silicates (magnesian olivine, enstatite, augite, diopside, uvarovite, pyrope, orthoclase, zircon, sphene, vesuvianite, chlorite and serpentine) and others (e.g., calcite, monazite, glauberite, iowaite and a range of metallic alloys). This study demonstrates that diamond, moissanite and other exotic minerals can occur in high-Al, as well as high-Cr chromites, and significantly extends the geographic and age range of known diamond-bearing ophiolites.
DS202204-0517
2022
Zhu, Y-Q.Chen, M., Li, C., Palumbo, G., Zhu, Y-Q., Goldman, N., Cappellaro, P.A synthetic monopole source of Kalb- Raman field in diamond.Science, Vol. 375, 6584 pp. 1017-1020.Globalgeophysics - magnetics

Abstract: Magnetic monopoles play a central role in various areas of fundamental physics, ranging from electromagnetism to topological states of matter. While their observation is elusive in high-energy physics, monopole sources of artificial gauge fields have been recently identified in synthetic matter. String theory, a potentially unifying framework that encompasses quantum mechanics, promotes the conventional \emph{vector} gauge fields of electrodynamics to \emph{tensor} gauge fields, and predicts the existence of more exotic \emph{tensor monopoles} in 4D space. Here we report on the characterization of a tensor monopole synthesized in a 4D parameter space by the spin degrees of freedom of a single solid-state defect in diamond. Using two complementary methods, we characterize the tensor monopole by measuring its quantized topological charge and its emanating Kalb-Ramond field. By introducing a fictitious external field that breaks chiral symmetry, we further observe an intriguing transition in the spectrum, characterized by spectral rings protected by mirror symmetries. Our work represents the first detection of tensor monopoles in a solid-state system and opens up the possibility of emulating exotic topological structures inspired by string theory.
DS1996-0688
1996
Zhu, Y-S.Jin, Yu., McNutt, M.K., Zhu, Y-S.Mapping the descent of Indian and Eurasian plates beneath the Tibetan Plateau from gravity anomalies.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 101, No. 5, May 10, pp. 1275-90.IndiaGeophysics -gravity, Tectonics
DS201706-1114
2017
Zhu, Y-S.Zhu, Y-S., Yang, J-H., Sun- J-F., Wang, H.Zircon Hf-0 isotope evidence for recycled oceanic and continental crust in the sources of alkaline rocks.Geology, Vol. 45, 5, pp. 407-410.Mantlealkaline rocks
DS201809-2119
2018
Zhu, Y-S.Zhu, Y-S., Yang, J-H., Wang, H., Wu, F-Y.A Paleoproterozoic basement beneath the Rangrim massif revealed by in situ U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes of xenocrystic zircons from Triassic kimberlites of the North Korea.Goldschmidt Conference, 1p. AbstractAsia, North Koreadeposit - Rangrim

Abstract: Zircon xenocrysts from the kimberlites offer a unique opportunity to identify the cryptic basement components hidden in the deep crust and thus to image lithospheric structure and crustal evolution. Zircon xenocrysts from the Triassic kimberlites, exposed in the Rangrim massif of North Korea, were selected for in situ U-Pb and Hf analyses. These zircon xenocrysts are all crust-derived. Their U-Pb age spectrum is characterized by one prominent age population at ca. 1.9-1.8 Ga without any Archean ages, indicating a Paleoproterozoic-dominated basement in the depth of the Rangrim massif. Archean basement should be very limited or absent at depth. This is different with the previous thought of the Rangrim massif being an Archean terrane. However, most of those Paleoproterozoic zircons display negative ?Hf(t) values (-9.7~+0.7) with the average Hf model age of 2.83 ± 0.09 Ga (2?), implying that protoliths of those zircons were not juvenile but derived from reworking of the pre-existed Archean basement. These observations argue for a strong crustal reworking event occurred in the Rangriam massif during Paleoproterozoic, which exhausted most of the preexisted Archean basement rocks and generated a large abundance of Paleoproterozoic rocks. The 1.9~1.8 Ga thermal event has been well documented in the adjacent Jiao- Liao-Ji orogenic belt of the North China Craton. Both of them are characterized by the widely distributed 1.9~1.8 Ga magmatism and share similar igneous rock assemblage. We suggest that the Rangrim massif may be the eastern extension of the Jiao-Liao-Ji belt in North Korea, constituting part of a huge Paleoproterozoic orogen in the eastern margin of the Sino-Korean craton.
DS201902-0336
2019
Zhu, Y-S.Zhu, Y-S., Yang, J-H., Wang, H., Wu, F-Y.A Paleoproterozoic basement beneath the Rangnim Massif revealed by the in-situ U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes of xenocrystic zircons from the Triassic kimberlites of North Korea.Geological Magazine, on line available Asia, Koreakimberlites

Abstract: In situ U-Pb and Hf analyses were used for crustal zircon xenocrysts from Triassic kimberlites exposed in the Rangnim Massif of North Korea to identify components of the basement hidden in the deep crust of the Rangnim Massif and to clarify the crustal evolution of the massif. The U-Pb age spectrum of the zircons has a prominent population at 1.9-1.8 Ga and a lack of Archaean ages. The data indicate that the deep crust and basement beneath the Rangnim Massif are predominantly of Palaeoproterozoic age, consistent with the ages of widely exposed Palaeoproterozoic granitic rocks. In situ zircon Hf isotope data show that most of the Palaeoproterozoic zircon xenocrysts have negative ?Hf ( t ) values (?9.7 to +0.7) with an average Hf model age of 2.86 ± 0.02 Ga (2 ? ), which suggests that the Palaeoproterozoic basement was not juvenile but derived from the reworking of Archaean rocks. Considering the existence of Archaean remanent material in the Rangnim Massif and their juvenile features, a strong crustal reworking event is indicated at 1.9-1.8 Ga, during which time the pre-existing Archaean basement was exhausted and replaced by a newly formed Palaeoproterozoic basement. These features suggest that the Rangnim Massif constitutes the eastern extension of the Palaeoproterozoic Liao-Ji Belt of the North China Craton instead of the Archaean Liaonan Block as previously thought. A huge Palaeoproterozoic orogen may exist in the eastern margin of the Sino-Korean Craton.
DS201911-2579
2019
Zhu, Y-S.Zhu, Y-S., Yang, J-H., Wang, H., Wu, F-Y.A paleoproterozoic basement beneath the Rangnim Massif revealed by the in situ U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes of xenocrystic zircons from Triassic kimberlites of North Korea.Geological Magazine, Vol. 156, 10, pp. 1657-1667.Asia, Koreakimberlites

Abstract: n situ U-Pb and Hf analyses were used for crustal zircon xenocrysts from Triassic kimberlites exposed in the Rangnim Massif of North Korea to identify components of the basement hidden in the deep crust of the Rangnim Massif and to clarify the crustal evolution of the massif. The U-Pb age spectrum of the zircons has a prominent population at 1.9-1.8 Ga and a lack of Archaean ages. The data indicate that the deep crust and basement beneath the Rangnim Massif are predominantly of Palaeoproterozoic age, consistent with the ages of widely exposed Palaeoproterozoic granitic rocks. In situ zircon Hf isotope data show that most of the Palaeoproterozoic zircon xenocrysts have negative ?Hf(t) values (?9.7 to +0.7) with an average Hf model age of 2.86 ± 0.02 Ga (2?), which suggests that the Palaeoproterozoic basement was not juvenile but derived from the reworking of Archaean rocks. Considering the existence of Archaean remanent material in the Rangnim Massif and their juvenile features, a strong crustal reworking event is indicated at 1.9-1.8 Ga, during which time the pre-existing Archaean basement was exhausted and replaced by a newly formed Palaeoproterozoic basement. These features suggest that the Rangnim Massif constitutes the eastern extension of the Palaeoproterozoic Liao-Ji Belt of the North China Craton instead of the Archaean Liaonan Block as previously thought. A huge Palaeoproterozoic orogen may exist in the eastern margin of the Sino-Korean Craton.
DS201909-2105
2019
Zhu, Y-X.Wang, L-X., Ma, C-Q., Salih, M-A., Abdallisamed, M-I-M., Zhu, Y-X.The syenite-carbonatite-fluorite association in Jebel Dumbier complex ( Sudan): magma origin and evolution.Goldschmidt2019, 1p. Poster abstractAfrica, Sudancarbonatite

Abstract: Jebel Dumbier is the first-identified carbonatite-bearing alkaline complex in Sudan. It is located on the northeastern margin of the Nuba Mountains in the south part of Sudan. The complex exposed as small elliptical hills with outcrops of around 8 km2. It is composed of dominant orthoclasite and ditroite and subdominant carbonatite and fluorite dykes. The fluorite dykes are mined and together with the carbonatite dykes are controlled by a NNE strike-slip fault system. Orthoclasite is the dominant rock type, comprising of orthoclase, kalsilite, few interstitial biotite and calcium carbonate and accesserary minerals of fluorite, apatite and zircon. Ditroite consists of perthite, aegirine-augite, nepheline, sodalite, and minor annite-phlogopite and richterite, with common accessories of fluorite, titanite, apatite and zircon. Zircon U-Pb dating reveals that both orthoclasite and ditroite emplaced at around 600 Ma. Relative to orthoclasites, ditroites display higher FeOtotal and MgO and lower Al2O3 contents, contain higher volatiles (F, Cl, Br, S), and are more depleted in LILEs (Rb, Sr, Ba) and enriched in HFSEs (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Th, U) and REEs. Isotopic data imply that the ditoite, orthoclasite, fluorite and carbonatite dyke originated from a common source of depleted mantle affinities, with identical low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7033-0.7037) and high ?Nd (t) values (1.6-2.7). The carbonatites display ?13C(V-PDB) of -5.8 to -6.7‰ and ?18O(SMOW) of 9.1 to 11.3‰, typical of primary igneous carbonatite worldwide. We propose that the orthoclasite, ditroite, carbonatite, and fluorite association in Jebel Dumbier is product of variable degrees of fractional crystallization of mantlederived volatile-rich magma. Magma immiscibility among silicates, carbonates and fluorates may proceed. The Jebel Dumbier alkaline-carbonatite complex represents the postorogenic alkaline magmatism during the end evolution of Pan-African orogen (650-550 Ma) at Arabian-Nubian Shield.
DS201508-0366
2015
Zhu, Z.Liu, Y., Chen, Z., Yang, Z., Sun, X., Zhu, Z., Zhang, Q.Mineralogical and geochemical studies of brecciated ores in the Dalucao REE deposit, Sichuan Province, southwestern China.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 70, pp. 613-636.ChinaCarbonatite
DS1991-1934
1991
Zhu LianxingZhu LianxingGenesis and prospecting of primary diamond deposits in easternChina.*CHIJournal of Changchun College of Geology, *CHI, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 55-60ChinaGeophysics, Diamond exploration
DS1986-0899
1986
Zhu TianfeilZhu Tianfeil, Brown, L.D.Consortium for continental reflection profiling Michigan surveys:reprocessing and resultsJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 91, No. B11, October 10, pp. 11, 477-11, 495Midcontinent, MichiganGeophysics
DS201506-0263
2015
Zhuk, V.DeStefano, A., Shiroki, A., Zhuk, V., Gaudet, M.Detailed studies of Renard 2 kimberlite - some practical aspects.Vancouver Kimberlite Cluster, May 27, 1/4p. AbstractCanada, QuebecDeposit - Renard
DS201708-1798
2017
Zhuk, V.Zhuk, V.Continuity of kimberley-type pyroclastic kimberlite phases within Renard 2 over 1,000 m depth - insights to the geological and emplacement model, Superior craton, Canada.11th. International Kimberlite Conference, OralCanada, QuebecDeposit - Renard 2
DS201810-2319
2018
Zhuk, V.Gaudet, M., Kopylova, M., Muntener, C., Zhuk, V., Nathwani, C.Geology of the Renard 65 kimberlite pipe, Quebec, Canada.Mineralogy and Petrology, doi.org/10.1007/ s00710-018-0633-4 13p.Canada, Quebecdeposit - Renard

Abstract: Renard 65, a diamondiferous pipe in the Neoproterozoic Renard kimberlite cluster (Québec, Canada), is a steeply-dipping and downward-tapering diatreme comprised of three pipe-filling units: kimb65a, kimb65b, and kimb65d. The pipe is surrounded by a marginal and variably-brecciated country rock aureole and is crosscut by numerous hypabyssal dykes: kimb65c. Extensive petrographic and mineralogical characterization of over 700 m of drill core from four separate drill holes, suggests that Renard 65 is a Group I kimberlite, mineralogically classified as phlogopite kimberlite and serpentine-phlogopite kimberlite. Kimb65a is a massive volcaniclastic kimberlite dominated by lithic clasts, magmaclasts, and discrete olivine macrocrysts, hosted within a fine-grained diopside and serpentine-rich matrix. Kimb65b is massive, macrocrystic, coherent kimberlite with a groundmass assemblage of phlogopite, spinel, perovskite, apatite, calcite, serpentine and rare monticellite. Kimb65c is a massive, macrocrystic, hypabyssal kimberlite with a groundmass assemblage of phlogopite, serpentine, calcite, perovskite, spinel, and apatite. Kimb65d is massive volcaniclastic kimberlite with localized textures that are intermediate between volcaniclastic and coherent, with tightly packed magmaclasts separated by a diopside- and serpentine-rich matrix. Lithic clasts of granite-gneiss in kimb65a are weakly reacted, with partial melting of feldspars and crystallization of richterite and actinolite. Lithic clasts in kimb65b and kimb65d are entirely recrystallized to calcite + serpentine/chlorite + pectolite and display inner coronas of diopside-aegirine and an outer corona of phlogopite. Compositions are reported for all minerals in the groundmass of coherent kimberlites, magmaclasts, interclast matrices, and reacted lithic clasts. The Renard 65 rocks are texturally classified as Kimberley-type pyroclastic kimberlites and display transitional textures. The kimberlite units are interpreted to have formed in three melt batches based on their distinct spinel chemistry: kimb65a, kimb65b and kimb65d. We note a strong correlation between the modal abundances of lithic clasts and the textures of the kimberlites, where increasing modal abundances of granite/gneiss are observed in kimberlites with increasingly fragmental textures.
DS201810-2370
2018
Zhuk, V.Ranger, I.M., Heaman, L.M., Pearson, D.G., Muntener, C., Zhuk, V.Punctuated, long lived emplacement history of the Renard 2 kimberlite, Canada, revealed by new high precision U-Pb groundmass perovskite dating. IF-TIMSMineralogy and Petrology, doi.org/101007/ s00710-018-0629-0 13p.Canada, Quebecdeposit - Renard

Abstract: Kimberlites are rare volatile-rich ultramafic magmas thought to erupt in short periods of time (<1 Myr) but there is a growing body of evidence that the emplacement history of a kimberlite can be significantly more protracted. In this study we report a detailed geochronology investigation of a single kimberlite pipe from the Renard cluster in north-central Québec. Ten new high precision ID-TIMS (isotope dilution - thermal ionization mass spectrometry) U-Pb groundmass perovskite dates from the main pipe-infilling kimberlites and several small hypabyssal kimberlites from the Renard 2 pipe indicate kimberlite magmatism lasted at least ~20 Myr. Two samples of the main pipe-infilling kimberlites yield identical weighted mean 206Pb/238U perovskite dates with a composite date of 643.8?±?1.0 Myr, interpreted to be the best estimate for main pipe emplacement. In contrast, six hypabyssal kimberlite samples yielded a range of weighted mean 206Pb/238U perovskite dates between ~652-632 Myr. Multiple dates determined from these early-, syn- and late-stage small hypabyssal kimberlites in the Renard 2 pipe demonstrate this rock type (commonly used to date kimberlites) help to constrain the duration of kimberlite intrusion history within a pipe but do not necessarily reliably record the emplacement age of the main diatreme in the Renard cluster. Our results provide the first robust geochronological data on a single kimberlite that confirms the field relationships initially observed by Wagner (1914) and Clement (1982); the presence of antecedent (diatreme precursor) intrusions, contemporaneous (syn-diatreme) intrusions, and consequent (post-diatreme) cross-cutting intrusions. The results of this detailed U-Pb geochronology study indicate a single kimberlite pipe can record millions of years of magmatism, much longer than previously thought from the classical viewpoint of a rapid and short-duration emplacement history.
DS200612-0737
2005
Zhukhistov, A.P.Kotelnikov, D.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Zhukhistov, A.P.Stages of serpentine and phlogopite transformation in the Catoca kimberlite pipe, Angola.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 403A, 6, pp. 866-869.Africa, AngolaPetrology - Catoca
DS2002-0602
2002
ZhukhlistovGorshkov, A.I., Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D., Shlykov, V.G., ZhukhlistovA new ordered mixed layer lizardite saponite mineral from South African kimberliteDoklady Earth Sciences, Vol.382,1,pp.86-90.South AfricaMineralogy, Deposit -
DS1987-0684
1987
Zhukhlistov, A.P.Skosyreva, M.V., Bagdasarov, Yu.A., Vlasova, E.V., Zhukhlistov, A.P.Typomorphic characteristics of micas of carbonatite deposit of the east European platform, Kursk Magnetic anomalyarea.(Russian)Geochimiya, (Russian), No. 10, pp. 1386-1397RussiaBlank
DS200412-2231
2004
Zhukhlistov, A.P.Zhukhlistov, A.P., Kotelnikov, D.D., Zinchuk, N.N.Association of simple (1T, 3R) and complex six layer Lizardite polytypes in the Katoka kimberlite pipe, Angola.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 396, 4, pp. 551-555.Africa, AngolaMineralogy - Katoka
DS1990-0521
1990
Zhukov, G.D.Garanin, V.K., Zhukov, G.D., Kudrjavtseva, G.P., Laverova, T.N.Mineralogy of garnets with inclusions from Sitikanskaja kimberlite pipeInternational Mineralogical Association Meeting Held June, 1990 Beijing China, Vol. 2, extended abstract p. 799-801RussiaMineralogy -garnets, Sitikanskaja
DS201012-0407
2010
Zhukov, V.P.Korsakov, A.V., Zhukov, V.P., Vandenabeele, P.Raman based geobarometry of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks: applications, problems and perspectives.Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 397, 7, pp. 1618-2641-50.TechnologyCoesite
DS1960-1056
1968
Zhukov, V.V.Zhukov, V.V., Gerina, I.F.Kainozoiskie Almazonosnye Anabaro-olenekskogo MezhdurechyaLeningrad: Niiga., 143P.RussiaKimberlite, Kimberley, Janlib, Geology
DS1970-0808
1973
Zhukov, V.V.Puminov, A.P., Zhukov, V.V.Alluvial Deposits of Central SiberiaLeningrad: Naichno Izzled. Institute, 59P.Russia, Central SiberiaKimberlite, Kimberley, Diamond
DS1998-0903
1998
Zhukov, V.V.Lukyanova, L.I., Lobkova, L.P., Zhukov, V.V., et al.Diamonds of the Urals mobile belt and source rocks for the Uralian(Brazilian) type diamond placers.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 515-7.Russia, UralsAlluvials, placers, Lamproite, tuffizite
DS201511-1881
2014
Zhulin, S.Sivovolenko, S., Shelementiev, Y., Holloway, G., Mistry, J., Serov, R., Zhulin, S., Zipa, K.How diamond performance attritbutes: brilliance, scintillation and fire depend on human vision features.Australian Gemmologist, Vol. 25, 3, July-Sept. pp.TechnologyDiamond features

Abstract: This study describes how visual properties determine the perception of a diamond’s appearance and its performance attributes of brilliance, scintillation and fire, and how these influence beauty. Further articles will describe other parts of our cut study project. This research enables the development of methods and instruments for diamond performance analyses, shifting from current diamond cut rejection based tools, to diamond performance scoring systems, and the introduction of a new consumer language for communication between diamond buyers and sellers. The proposed Performance Scoring System is consumer friendly and can be used to design and manufacture new diamond cuts with improved optical appearance.
DS202104-0601
2021
Zhumadilova, D.V.Prokopyev, I.R., Doroshkevich, A.G., Zhumadilova, D.V., Starikova, A.E., Nugumanova, Ya.N., Vladykin, N.V.Petrogenesis of Zr-Nb ( REE) carbonatites from the Arbarastakh complex ( Aldan Shield, Russia): mineralogy and inclusion data.Ore Geology Reviews, Vol. 131, 104042, 15p. Pdf.Russiadeposit - Arbarastakh

Abstract: The Arbarastakh Neoproterozoic ultramafic carbonatite complex is located in the southwestern part of the Siberian Craton (Aldan Shield) and contains ore-bearing Zr-Nb (REE) carbonatites and phoscorites. Carbonatites are mainly represented by calcite and silicocarbonatite varieties. The primary minerals composing the carbonatites are calcite and dolomite, as well as phlogopite, clinopyroxene, fluorapatite, amphibole, fluorite, K-feldspar and feldspathoids. Olivine (forsterite), Ti-magnetite, apatite, phlogopite, calcite, dolomite and the minor spinel group minerals form the primary phoscorites. The ore-bearing Zr-Nb mineral assemblages of the phoscorites and carbonatites include accessory zircon, zirconolite, perovskite, pyrochlore and baddeleyite. The Ba-Sr-REE hydrothermal mineralisation consists of ancylite-(Ce), bastnaesite-(Ce) and burbankite, as well as barite-celestite, strontianite, barytocalcite, and rare Cu-Fe sulphides. The silicocarbonatites and carbonatites formed in multiple stages from a single alkaline Ca-Na-K-silicocarbonatite melt, while the phoscorites are products of differentiation of the carbonatitic melt and were crystallised from an Fe-rich phosphate-carbonate melt at temperatures of more than 720 °C. The silicate-phosphate-carbonate melts were responsible for the Zr-Nb mineralisation of the carbonatites at temperatures of more than 540-575 °C; the hydrothermal REE-bearing mineral assemblages crystallised from saline (60-70 wt%) carbonatitic fluids of Na-Ca-Mg-F-carbonate composition at a minimum temperature range of 350-300 °C. The Ca-Sr-carbonate as well as the Na-hydro-carbonate fluids were responsible for the Ba-Sr-REE mineralisation of the phoscorites at ~500-480 and 450-430 °C.
DS1994-0295
1994
ZhuochengChen, Zhuocheng, Sinding-Larsen, R.Discovery process modelling - a sensitivity studyNonrenewable Resources, Vol. 3, No. 4, Winter pp. 295-303GlobalGeostatistics, Model -discovery efficiency
DS1985-0765
1985
Zhurakovskii, E.A.Zhurakovskii, E.A., Trefilov, V.I., Zaulichn, J.V., Savvakin, G.I.Electron energy spectrum pecularities in ultradispersive diamonds obtained from extremely nonequilibrium carbon plasma.(in Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Nauk USSR, (Russian), Vol. 284, No. 6, pp. 1360-1365RussiaGenesis, Diamond Morphology
DS1985-0766
1985
Zhurakovskii, E.A.Zhurakovskii, E.A., Zaulichnyi, YA.V.X-ray Quantum Yield Spectra in the Region of the Carbon absorption K Edge and Carbon Emission K Spectra of Graphite,lonsdaleite and Diamond.(russian)Fiz. Tverd. Tela, (Russian), Vol. 27, No. 11, pp. 3452-3455RussiaDiamond Morphology
DS1995-1146
1995
Zhuralev, D.Z.Mahotkin, I.L., Stolz, J., Zhuralev, D.Z.Mantle sources of low Ti lamproites from the Mesozoic collision zone of the Aldan shield, East Siberia.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 339-341.Russia, Siberia, Aldan ShieldLamproite, Deposit -Yakokut, Inagli, Yakodka, Zvezdochka, Mrachnay
DS1995-1147
1995
Zhuralev, D.Z.Mahotkin, I.L., Sublukov, S.M., Zhuralev, D.Z., ZherdevGeochemistry and Strontium, neodymium composition of kimberlites, melilitites, and basalts from Arkangelsk region.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 342-344.Russia, ArkangelskGeochemistry, Deposit -Winter Cost, Nenoksa, Chidvia, Verhotinskoiy
DS1993-0960
1993
Zhuravle, D.Z.Makhotkin, I.L., Zhuravle, D.Z.Isotopic composition of Strontium and neodymium Diamondiferous kimberlites and melilitites of Arkangelsk region.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR*(in Russian), Vol. 332, No. 4, Oct. pp. 491-495.Russia, ArkangelskGeochronology, Diamond genesis
DS1997-0718
1997
ZhuravlevMakhotkin, I.L., Zhuravlev, Sabu\lukov, Zherdev et al.The plume lithosphere interaction as a geodynamic formation model of the Arkangelsk diamond bearing ProvinceDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 353, No. 2, Feb-Mar, pp. 238-42.Russia, Kola Peninsula, ArkangelskTectonics
DS1998-1536
1998
ZhuravlevVerichev, E.M., Sablukov, S.M., Sablukova, ZhuravlevA new tyoe of Diamondiferous kimberlite of the Zimny Berg area, pipe named after Vladimir Grib.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 940-2.Russia, ArkangelskStructure, petrography, geochemistry, micaceous, Deposit - Grib
DS2000-0473
2000
ZhuravlevKarpukhina, E.V., Pervov, V.A., Zhuravlev, TikhovaIsotope and geochemical indicators of the intraplate origin of mafic ultramafic rocks western slope of UralsDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 370, No. 1, Jan-Feb pp. 153-6.Russia, UralsGeochemistry, Alkaline rocks
DS2001-0117
2001
ZhuravlevBogatikov, O.A., Kononova, V.A., Pervov, ZhuravlevSources, geodynamic setting of formation and diamond bearing potential of kimberlites from northern marginPetrology, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 191-203.RussiaPlate - Sr neodymium isotopic and ICP MS, Geochronology, geochemistry
DS1993-1800
1993
Zhuravlev, .Z.Yeremeyv, N.V., Zhuravlev, .Z., Kononova, V.A., Pervov, V.A., Kramm, U.Source and age of the potassic rocks in the Ryabinov intrusion, centralAldan.Geochemistry International, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 105-112.Russia, AldanAlkaline rocks
DS202112-1959
2021
Zhuravlev, A.V.Zubov, A.A., Shumilova, T.C., Zhuravlev, A.V., Isaenko, S.I.X-ray computed microtomography of diamondiferous impact suevitic breccia and clast poor melt rock from the Kara astrobleme ( Pay-Khoy, Russia).American Mineralogist, Vol. 106, pp. 1860-1870.Russiaastrobleme

Abstract: X-ray computed microtomography (CT) of impact rock varieties from the Kara astrobleme is used to test the method’s ability to identify the morphology and distribution of the rock components. Three types of suevitic breccias, clast-poor melt rock, and a melt clast from a suevite were studied with a spatial resolution of 24 µm to assess CT data values of 3D structure and components of the impactites. The purpose is first to reconstruct pore space, morphology, and distribution of all distinguishable crystallized melt, clastic components, and carbon products of impact metamorphism, including the impact glasses, after-coal diamonds, and other carbon phases. Second, the data are applied to analyze the morphology and distribution of aluminosilicate and sulfide components in the melt and suevitic breccias. The technical limitations of the CT measurements applied to the Kara impactites are discussed. Because of the similar chemical composition of the aluminosilicate matrix, glasses, and some lithic and crystal clasts, these components are hard to distinguish in tomograms. The carbonaceous matter has absorption characteristics close to air, so the pores and carbonaceous inclusions appear similar. However, X-ray microtomography could be used to prove the differences between the studied types of suevites from the Kara astrobleme using structural-textural features of the whole rock, porosity, and the distributions of carbonates and sulfides.
DS1991-1935
1991
Zhuravlev, A.Z.Zhuravlev, A.Z., Lazko, E.E., Ponomarenko, A.I.Ancient depleted subcontinental lithosphere under Siberian platform: neodymium-SrProceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 581-583RussiaXenoliths, Petrology, geochemistry
DS1992-1743
1992
Zhuravlev, A.Z.Zhuravlev, A.Z., Lazko, E.E., Ponamarenko, A.I.Ancient depleted subcontinental lithosphere under Siberian platform:Proceedings of the 29th International Geological Congress. Held Japan, Vol. 1, abstract p. 179Russia, YakutiaGeochronology, Mir pipe
DS1992-1744
1992
Zhuravlev, A.Z.Zhuravlev, A.Z., Lazko, Ye.Ye., Ponomarenko, A.I.Radiogenic isotopes and rare earth elements (REE) in garnet peridotite xenoliths from the Mirkimberlite pipe, YakutiaGeochemistry International, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 45-55RussiaGeochemistry, Deposit -Mir pipe
DS1998-0503
1998
Zhuravlev, D.Geringer, G.J., Schocj, A.E., Zhuravlev, D.Geochemical and isotopic characteristics of different types of anorthosite in the Namaqua mobile beltChem. Geol, Vol. 145, No. 1-2, Mar. 6, pp. 17-South AfricaNamaqua mobile belt, Geochemistry
DS1993-1268
1993
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Pukhtel, I.S., Zhuravlev, D.Z.neodymium isotope systematics and petrogenesis of Early Proterozoic picrites In the Olkema granite-greenstone region.Geochemistry International, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 37-49.RussiaPicrite, Dike
DS1993-1269
1993
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Pukhtel, I.S., Zhuravlev, D.Z.neodymium isotope systematics and petrogenesis of the early Proterozoic picrites in the Olekema granite-greenstone region.Geochemistry International, Vol.30, No. 3, March pp. 37-49.RussiaPicrites, Alkaline rocks
DS1995-1149
1995
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Makhotkin, I.L., Zhuravlev, D.Z.Isotopic compositions of Arkhangel'sk region diamond bearing Kimberlites and melilites containing Sr and neodymium.Doklady Academy of Sciences USSR, Vol. 333, No. 8, August, pp. 138-143.Russia, ArkangelskGeochornology, Kimberlites, melilites
DS1997-0888
1997
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Parsadanyan, K.S., Zhuravlev, D.Z.The lithosphere and sublithosphere nature of sources of kimberlites, olivine melilitites, and tholeiite basaltsDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 357, No. 8, Oct. Nov. pp. 1199-203.Russia, ArkangelskGeochronology - Sr and neodymium
DS2001-0719
2001
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Mahotkin, I.L., Podkuiko, Y.A., Zhuravlev, D.Z.Early Paleozoic kimberlite melnoite magmatism of the Pri-Polar Urals and thAlkaline Magmatism -problems mantle source, pp. 151-60.GlobalMelnoite, Tectonics
DS2002-1234
2002
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Pavlov, V.E., Gallet, Y., Petrov, P.Y., Zhuravlev, D.Z., Shatsillo, A.V.The Ui Group and Late Riphean sills in the Uchur Maya area: isotopic andGeotectonics, Vol. 36,4,pp. 278-92.GondwanaGeochronology
DS2002-1386
2002
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Sakhno, V.G., Moiseenko, V.G., Zhuravlev, D.Z., Matyunin, A.P.Sm Nd ages of Diamondiferous kimberlites of the Kurkhan diatreme in the Khanka Massif, Primor'e region.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 387A, 9, pp. 1110-1112.RussiaGeochronology
DS2002-1387
2002
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Sakhno, V.G., Moiseenko, V.G., Zhuravlev, D.Z., Matyunin, A.P.Sm Nd age of Diamondiferous kimberlites of the Kurkhan diatreme in the Khanka Massif Primore region.Geochemistry International, Vol. 40, 12, pp. 110-2.RussiaGeochronology
DS2003-0481
2003
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Golubeva, Y.Y., Ilupin, I.P., Zhuravlev, D.Z.Rare earth elements in kimberlites of Yakutia: evidence from ICP MS dataDoklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 391, 5, pp. 693-6.Russia, YakutiaSpectroscopy
DS2003-1434
2003
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Vrublevskii, V.A., Gertner, I.F., Zhuravlev, D.Z., Makarenko, N.A.The Sm Nd isotopic age and source of comagmatic alkaline mafic rocks andDoklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 391A, 6, July-August, pp. 832-5.RussiaGeochronology
DS2003-1435
2003
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Vrublevskii, V.V., Pokrovskii, B.G., Zhuravlev, D.Z., Anoshin, G.N.Composition and age of the Penchenga linear carbonatite complex, Yenesei RangePetrology, Vol. 11, 2, pp. 130-146.RussiaCarbonatite, Geochronology
DS200412-0687
2003
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Golubeva, Y.Y., Ilupin, I.P., Zhuravlev, D.Z.Rare earth elements in kimberlites of Yakutia: evidence from ICP MS data.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 391, 5, pp. 693-6.Russia, YakutiaSpectroscopy
DS200412-2019
2004
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Turkina, O.M., Nozhkin, A.D., Bibikova, E.V., Zhuravlev, D.Z., Travin, A.V.The Arzybei terrane: a fragment of the Mesoproterozoic Island Arc crust in the southwestern framing of the Siberian Craton.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 395, 2, pp. 246-250.Russia, SiberiaTectonics
DS200412-2065
2003
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Vrublevskii, V.A., Gertner, I.F., Zhuravlev, D.Z., Makarenko, N.A.The Sm Nd isotopic age and source of comagmatic alkaline mafic rocks and carbonatites of Kuznetsk Alatau.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 391A, 6, July-August, pp. 832-5.RussiaGeochronology
DS200412-2066
2004
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Vrublevskii, V.V., Zhuravlev, D.Z., Gertner, I.F., Krupchatnikov, V.I., Vladimirov, A.G., Rikhvanov, L.P.Sm Nd isotopic systematics of alkaline rocks and carbonatites from the Edelveis Complex, Northern Chuya Range, Gornyi Altai.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 397, 6, July-August pp. 870-874.RussiaGeochronology
DS200512-0356
2004
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Gottikh, R.P., Pisotskii, B.I., Zhuravlev, D.Z.Trace element distribution in the kimberlite bitumen and basalt bitumen systems in diatremes of the Siberian Craton.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 399A, Nov-Dec. pp. 1222-1226.RussiaMineralogy - bitumen
DS200512-0677
2001
Zhuravlev, D.Z.Mahotkin, I.L., Podkuiko, Yu.A., Zhuravlev, D.Z.Early Paleozoic kimberlite melnoite magmatism of the Pre-Polar Urals and the geodynamic formation model.Alkaline Magmatism and the problems of mantle sources, pp. 151-160.Russia, UralsMelnoites
DS201610-1893
2016
Zhuravlev, K.K.Pamato, M.G., Kurnosov, A., Boffa Ballaran, T., Frost, D.J., Ziberna, L., Gianni, M., Speziale, S., Tkachev, S.N., Zhuravlev, K.K., Prakapenka, V.B.Single crystal elasticity of majoritic garnets: stagnant slabs and thermal anomalies at the base of the transition zone.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 451, pp. 114-124.MantleSubduction

Abstract: The elastic properties of two single crystals of majoritic garnet (Mg3.24Al1.53Si3.23O12 and Mg3.01Fe0.17Al1.68Si3.15O12), have been measured using simultaneously single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Brillouin spectroscopy in an externally heated diamond anvil cell with Ne as pressure transmitting medium at conditions up to ?30 GPa and ?600 K. This combination of techniques makes it possible to use the bulk modulus and unit-cell volume at each condition to calculate the absolute pressure, independently of secondary pressure calibrants. Substitution of the majorite component into pyrope garnet lowers both the bulk (KsKs) and shear modulus (G ). The substitution of Fe was found to cause a small but resolvable increase in KsKs that was accompanied by a decrease in ?Ks/?P?Ks/?P, the first pressure derivative of the bulk modulus. Fe substitution had no influence on either the shear modulus or its pressure derivative. The obtained elasticity data were used to derive a thermo-elastic model to describe VsVs and VpVp of complex garnet solid solutions. Using further elasticity data from the literature and thermodynamic models for mantle phase relations, velocities for mafic, harzburgitic and lherzolitic bulk compositions at the base of Earth's transition zone were calculated. The results show that VsVs predicted by seismic reference models are faster than those calculated for all three types of lithologies along a typical mantle adiabat within the bottom 150 km of the transition zone. The anomalously fast seismic shear velocities might be explained if laterally extensive sections of subducted harzburgite-rich slabs pile up at the base of the transition zone and lower average mantle temperatures within this depth range.
DS1994-1996
1994
Zhuravlev, V.A.Zhuravlev, V.A., Shulga, T.F.Prospecting for diamond bearing lamproites in the Kola-Karelia region10th. Prospecting In Areas Of Glaciated Terrain, p. 159-160. AbstractRussia, Kola, KareliaLamproite -Geochemistry, Exploration prospecting
DS1995-2147
1995
Zhuravlev, V.A.Zhuravlev, V.A., Shulga, T.F., Ushkov, V.V.Diamond bearing lamproites of the Kostomukshsky region of KareliaMineral Resources of Russia, abstract, Oct. 1994, pp. 37-40.Russia, Karelia, KolaLamproites
DS200912-0866
2009
Zhu-Yin ChuZhu-Yin Chu, Wu, F-Y., Walker, R.J., Rudnick, R.L., Pitcher, L., Puchtel, I.S., Yang, Y-H., Wilde, S.A.Temporal evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern north Chin a craton.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 50, 10, October, pp. 1857-1898.ChinaTectonics
DS2001-0499
2001
ZiIchiki, M., Uyeshima, M., Utada, Guoze, Zi, MingzhiUpper mantle conductivity structure of the back arc region beneath northeastern ChinaGeophysical Research Letters, Vol. 28, No. 19, Oct. 1, pp. 3773-76.China, northeastTectonics
DS201706-1115
2017
Zi, J-W.Zi, J-W., Gregory, C.J., Rasmussen, B., Sheppard, S., Muhling, J.R.Using monazite geochronology to test the plume model for carbonatites: the example of Gifford Creek carbonatite complex, Australia.Chemical Geology, Vol. 463, pp. 50-60.Australiacarbonatite

Abstract: Carbonatites are carbonate-dominated igneous rocks derived by low-degree partial melting of metasomatized mantle, although the geodynamic processes responsible for their emplacement into the crust are disputed. Current models favor either reactivation of lithospheric structures in response to plate movements, or the impingement of mantle plumes. Geochronology provides a means of testing these models, but constraining the age of carbonatites and related metasomatic events is rarely straightforward. We use in situ U-Th-Pb analysis of monazite by SHRIMP to constrain the emplacement age and hydrothermal history of the rare earth element-bearing Gifford Creek Carbonatite Complex in Western Australia, which has been linked to plume magmatism at ca. 1075 Ma. Monazite in carbonatites and related metasomatic rocks (fenites) from the carbonatite complex dates the initial emplacement of the carbonatite at 1361 ± 10 Ma (n = 22, MSWD = 0.91). The complex was subjected to multiple stages of magmatic/hydrothermal overprinting from ca. 1300 Ma to 900 Ma during later regional tectonothermal events. Carbonatite emplacement at ca. 1360 Ma appears to be an isolated igneous event in the region, and occurred about 300 million years before intrusion of the ca. 1075 Ma Warakurna large igneous province, thus precluding a genetic connection. The Gifford Creek Carbonatite Complex occurs within a major crustal suture, and probably formed in response to reactivation of this suture during plate reorganization. Our study demonstrates the veracity of monazite geochronology in determining the magmatic and hydrothermal histories of a carbonatite complex, critical for evaluating competing geodynamic models for carbonatites. The approach involving in situ SHRIMP U-Th-Pb dating of monazite from a wide spectrum of rocks in a carbonatite complex is best suited to establishing the intrusive age and hydrothermal history of carbonatites.
DS201708-1587
2017
Zi, J-W.Zi, J-W., Gregory, C.J., Rasmussen, B., Sheppard, S., Muhling, J.R.Using monazite geochronology to test the plume model for carbonatites: the example of Gifford Creek carbonatite complex, Australia.Chemical Geology, Vol. 463, pp. 50-60.Australiacarbonatites, Gifford Creek

Abstract: Carbonatites are carbonate-dominated igneous rocks derived by low-degree partial melting of metasomatized mantle, although the geodynamic processes responsible for their emplacement into the crust are disputed. Current models favor either reactivation of lithospheric structures in response to plate movements, or the impingement of mantle plumes. Geochronology provides a means of testing these models, but constraining the age of carbonatites and related metasomatic events is rarely straightforward. We use in situ U-Th-Pb analysis of monazite by SHRIMP to constrain the emplacement age and hydrothermal history of the rare earth element-bearing Gifford Creek Carbonatite Complex in Western Australia, which has been linked to plume magmatism at ca. 1075 Ma. Monazite in carbonatites and related metasomatic rocks (fenites) from the carbonatite complex dates the initial emplacement of the carbonatite at 1361 ± 10 Ma (n = 22, MSWD = 0.91). The complex was subjected to multiple stages of magmatic/hydrothermal overprinting from ca. 1300 Ma to 900 Ma during later regional tectonothermal events. Carbonatite emplacement at ca. 1360 Ma appears to be an isolated igneous event in the region, and occurred about 300 million years before intrusion of the ca. 1075 Ma Warakurna large igneous province, thus precluding a genetic connection. The Gifford Creek Carbonatite Complex occurs within a major crustal suture, and probably formed in response to reactivation of this suture during plate reorganization. Our study demonstrates the veracity of monazite geochronology in determining the magmatic and hydrothermal histories of a carbonatite complex, critical for evaluating competing geodynamic models for carbonatites. The approach involving in situ SHRIMP U-Th-Pb dating of monazite from a wide spectrum of rocks in a carbonatite complex is best suited to establishing the intrusive age and hydrothermal history of carbonatites.
DS201801-0068
2017
Zi, J-W.Stark, J.C., Wang, X-C., Denyszyn, S.W., Li, Z-X., Rasmusson, B., Zi, J-W., Sheppard, S., Liu, Y.Newly identified 1.89 Ga mafic dyke swarm in the Archean Yilgarn craton, Western Australia suggests a connection to India.Precambrian Research, in press available 47p.Australia, Indiacraton - Yilgarn

Abstract: The Archean Yilgarn Craton in Western Australia is intruded by numerous mafic dykes of varying orientations, which are poorly exposed but discernible in aeromagnetic maps. Previous studies have identified two craton-wide dyke swarms, the 2408?Ma Widgiemooltha and the 1210?Ma Marnda Moorn Large Igneous Provinces (LIP), as well as limited occurrences of the 1075?Ma Warakurna LIP in the northern part of the craton. We report here a newly identified NW-trending mafic dyke swarm in southwestern Yilgarn Craton dated at 1888?±?9?Ma with ID-TIMS U-Pb method on baddeleyite from a single dyke and at 1858?±?54?Ma, 1881?±?37 and 1911?±?42?Ma with in situ SHRIMP U-Pb on baddeleyite from three dykes. Preliminary interpretation of aeromagnetic data indicates that the dykes form a linear swarm several hundred kilometers long, truncated by the Darling Fault in the west. This newly named Boonadgin dyke swarm is synchronous with post-orogenic extension and deposition of granular iron formations in the Earaheedy basin in the Capricorn Orogen and its emplacement may be associated with far field stresses. Emplacement of the dykes may also be related to initial stages of rifting and formation of the intracratonic Barren Basin in the Albany-Fraser Orogen, where the regional extensional setting prevailed for the following 300?million years. Recent studies and new paleomagnetic evidence raise the possibility that the dykes could be part of the coeval 1890?Ma Bastar-Cuddapah LIP in India. Globally, the Boonadgin dyke swarm is synchronous with a major orogenic episode and records of intracratonic mafic magmatism on many other Precambrian cratons.
DS201811-2609
2018
Zi, J-W.Stark, J.C., Wilde, S.A., Soderlund, U., Li, Z-X., Rasmussen, B., Zi, J-W.First evidence of Archean mafic dykes at 2.62 Ga in the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia: links to cratonisation and the Zimbabwe craton.Precambrian Research, Vol. 317, pp. 1-13.Australia, Africa, Zimbabwecraton

Abstract: The Archean Yilgarn Craton in Western Australia hosts at least five generations of Proterozoic mafic dykes, the oldest previously identified dykes belonging to the ca. 2408-2401?Ma Widgiemooltha Supersuite. We report here the first known Archean mafic dyke dated at 2615?±?6?Ma by the ID-TIMS U-Pb method on baddeleyite and at 2610?±?25?Ma using in situ SHRIMP U-Pb dating of baddeleyite. Aeromagnetic data suggest that the dyke is part of a series of NE-trending intrusions that potentially extend hundreds of kilometres in the southwestern part of the craton, here named the Yandinilling dyke swarm. Mafic magmatism at 2615?Ma was possibly related to delamination of the lower crust during the final stages of assembly and cratonisation, and was coeval with the formation of late-stage gold deposit at Boddington. Paleogeographic reconstructions suggest that the Yilgarn and Zimbabwe cratons may have been neighbours from ca. 2690?Ma to 2401?Ma and if the Zimbabwe and Kaapvaal cratons amalgamated at 2660-2610?Ma, the 2615?Ma mafic magmatism in the southwestern Yilgarn Craton may be associated with the same tectonic event that produced the ca. 2607-2604?Ma Stockford dykes in the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt. Paleomagnetic evidence and a similar tectonothermal evolution, including coeval low-pressure high-temperature metamorphism, voluminous magmatism, and emplacement of mafic dykes, support a configuration where the northern part of the Zimbabwe Craton was adjacent to the western margin of the Yilgarn Craton during the Neoarchean. Worldwide, reliably dated mafic dykes of this age have so far been reported from the Yilgarn Craton, the Limpopo Belt and the São Francisco Craton.
DS202004-0502
2020
Zi, J-W.Cawood, P.A., Wang, W., Zhao, T., Xu, Y., Mulder, J.A., Pisarevsky, S.A., Zhang, L., Gan, C., He, H., Liu, H., Qi, L., Wang, Y., Yao, J., Zhao, G., Zhou, M-F., Zi, J-W.Deconstructing south China and consequences for reconstructing Nuna and Rodinia.Earth-Science Reviews, in press available, 70p. PdfChinatectonics

Abstract: Contrasting models for internal and external locations of South China within the Nuna and Rodinia supercontinents can be resolved when the current lithotectonic associations of Mesoproterozoic and older rocks units that constitute the craton are redefined into four lithotectonic domains: Kongling, Kunming-Hainan, Wuyi, and Coastal. The Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains are characterized by isolated Archean to early Paleoproterozoic rock units and events and crop out in northern and southern South China, respectively. The Kunming-Hainan Domain is preserved in three spatially separated regions at Kunming (southwestern South China), along the Ailaoshan shear zone, and within Hainan Island. Both domains were affected by late Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal events, indicating their likely juxtaposition by this time to form the proto-Yangtze Block. Late Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic sedimentary and igneous rock units developed on the proto-Yangtze Block, especially in its southern portions, and help link the rock units that formed along the shear zone at Ailaoshan and on Hainan Island into a single, spatially unified unit prior to Paleozoic to Cenozoic structural disaggregation and translation. The Wuyi Domain consists of late Paleoproterozoic rock units within a NE-SW trending, fault-bounded block in eastern South China. The Coastal Domain lies east of the Wuyi domain and is inferred to constitute a structurally separate block. Basement to the domain is not exposed, but zircon Hf model ages from Mesozoic granites suggest Mesoproterozoic basement at depth. The Archean to Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal record of the Kongling and Kunming-Hainan domains corresponds closely with that of NW Laurentia, suggesting all were linked, probably in association with assembly and subsequent partial fragmentation of the Nuna supercontinent. Furthermore, the age and character of Mesoproterozoic magmatism and detrital zircon signature of sedimentary rocks in the proto-Yangtze Block matches well with western Laurentia and eastern Australia-Antarctica. In particular, the detrital zircon signature of late Paleoproterozoic to early Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units in the block (e.g. Dongchuan Group) share a similar age spectrum with the Wernecke Supergroup of northwest Laurentia. This, together with similarities in the type and age of Fe-Cu mineralization in the domain with that in eastern Australia-Antarctica, especially northeast Australia, suggests a location adjacent to northwest Laurentia, southern Siberia, and northeast Australia within the Nuna supercontinent. The timing and character of late Paleoproterozoic magmatic activity in the Wuyi domain along with age of detrital zircons in associated sedimentary rocks matches the record of northern India. During rifting between Australia-Antarctica and Laurentia in the late Mesoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block remained linked to northeast Australia. During accretionary orogenesis in the early Neoproterozoic, the proto-Yangtze Block assembled with the Wuyi Domain along the northern margin of India. The Coastal domain likely accreted at this time forming the South China Craton. Displacement of the Hainan and Ailaoshan assemblages from southwest of the Kunming assemblage likely occurred in the Cenozoic with the activation of the Ailaoshan-Red River fault system but could have begun in the early to mid-Paleozoic based on evidence for tectonothermal events in the Hainan assemblage.
DS201312-1017
2014
Ziaja, K.Ziaja, K., Foley, S.F., White, R.W., Buhre, S.Metamorphism and melting of picritic crust in the early Earth.Lithos, Vol. 189, pp. 173-184.MantlePicrite
DS200412-1320
2004
Zianbin, W.Mingjie, Z., Zianbin, W., Gang, L., Tongwei, Z., Wenrui, B.Compositions of upper mantle fluids beneath eastern China: implications for mantle evolution.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 78, 1, pp. 125-130.ChinaGeochemistry
DS201112-0616
2011
Ziberna, L.Longo, M., Nimis, P., Ziberna, L., Marzoli, A., Zanetti, A., Franz, L.Geochemistry of xenoliths from the Gibeon kimberlite province, Namibia.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.1354.Africa, NamibiaOff-craton
DS201112-0732
2011
Ziberna, L.Nestola, F., Nimis, P., Ziberna, L., Longo, M., Marzoli, A., Harris, J.W., Manghnani, M.H., Fedortchuk, Y.First crystal structure determination of olivine in diamond: composition and implications for provenance in the Earth's mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 305, 1-2, pp. 249-255.MantleInclusion - olivine in diamond
DS201112-1173
2011
Ziberna, L.Ziberna, L., Nimis, P., Zanetti, A., Sobolev, N.V., Marzoli, A.Geochemistry of mantle microxenoliths from Zagadochnaya kimberlite, Yakutia, Russia.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.2283.Russia, YakutiaNarren Type II kimberlite
DS201212-0517
2012
Ziberna, L.Nestola, F., Merli, M., Nimis, P., Parisatto, M., Kopylova, M., DE Stefano, A., Longo, M., Ziberna, L., Manghnani, M.In situ analysis of garnet inclusion in diamond using single crystal X-ray diffraction and X-ray micro-tomography.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 24, 4, pp. 599-606.TechnologyTomography
DS201312-1020
2013
Ziberna, L.Ziberna, L., Klemme, S., Nimis, P.Garnet and spinel in fertile and depleted mantle: insights from thermodynamic modelling.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 166, 2, pp. 411-421.MantlePeriodotites, Hales discontinuity
DS201312-1021
2013
Ziberna, L.Ziberna, L., Klemme, S., Nimis, P.Garnet and spinel in the upper mantle: results from thermodynamic modeling in fertile and depleted compositions.Goldschmidt 2013, 1p. AbstractMantleGarnet
DS201312-1022
2013
Ziberna, L.Ziberna, L., Nimis, P., Zanetti, A., Marzoli, A., Sobolev, N.V.Metasomatic processes in the central Siberian cratonic mantle: evidence from garnet xenocrysts from the Zagadochnaya kimberlite.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 54, pp. 2379-2409.Russia, SiberiaDeposit - Zagadochnaya
DS201603-0436
2016
Ziberna, L.Ziberna, L., Klemme, S.Application of thermodynamic modelling to natural mantle xenoliths: examples of density variations and pressure temperature evolution of the lithospheric mantle.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 171, 16, 14p.MantleMelting

Abstract: In this paper, we show how the results of phase equilibria calculations in different mantle compositions can be reconciled with the evidence from natural mantle samples. We present data on the response of bulk rock density to pressure (P), temperature (T) and compositional changes in the lithospheric mantle and obtain constraints on the P T evolution recorded by mantle xenoliths. To do this, we examine the mantle xenolith suite from the Quaternary alkali basalts of Pali-Aike, Patagonia, using phase equilibria calculation in six representative compositions. The calculations were done subsolidus and in volatile-free conditions. Our results show that the density change related to the spinel peridotite to garnet peridotite transition is not sharp and strongly depends on the bulk composition. In a depleted mantle composition, this transition is not reflected in the density profile, while in a fertile mantle it leads to a relative increase in density with respect to more depleted compositions. In mantle sections characterized by hot geothermal gradients (~70 mW/m2), the spinel garnet transition may overlap with the lithosphere asthenosphere boundary. Phase equilibria calculations in peridotitic compositions representative of the Pali-Aike mantle were also used to constrain the origin and evolution of the mantle xenoliths. Our results indicate that the mineral modes and compositions, and the mineral zonation reported for the low-temperature peridotites (spinel and spinel + garnet harzburgites and lherzolites), are linked to a cooling event in the mantle which occurred long before the eruption of the host basalts. In addition, our phase equilibria calculations show that kelyphitic rims around garnets, as those observed in the high-temperature garnet peridotites from Pali-Aike, can be explained simply by decompression and do not require additional metasomatic fluid or melt.
DS201610-1893
2016
Ziberna, L.Pamato, M.G., Kurnosov, A., Boffa Ballaran, T., Frost, D.J., Ziberna, L., Gianni, M., Speziale, S., Tkachev, S.N., Zhuravlev, K.K., Prakapenka, V.B.Single crystal elasticity of majoritic garnets: stagnant slabs and thermal anomalies at the base of the transition zone.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 451, pp. 114-124.MantleSubduction

Abstract: The elastic properties of two single crystals of majoritic garnet (Mg3.24Al1.53Si3.23O12 and Mg3.01Fe0.17Al1.68Si3.15O12), have been measured using simultaneously single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Brillouin spectroscopy in an externally heated diamond anvil cell with Ne as pressure transmitting medium at conditions up to ?30 GPa and ?600 K. This combination of techniques makes it possible to use the bulk modulus and unit-cell volume at each condition to calculate the absolute pressure, independently of secondary pressure calibrants. Substitution of the majorite component into pyrope garnet lowers both the bulk (KsKs) and shear modulus (G ). The substitution of Fe was found to cause a small but resolvable increase in KsKs that was accompanied by a decrease in ?Ks/?P?Ks/?P, the first pressure derivative of the bulk modulus. Fe substitution had no influence on either the shear modulus or its pressure derivative. The obtained elasticity data were used to derive a thermo-elastic model to describe VsVs and VpVp of complex garnet solid solutions. Using further elasticity data from the literature and thermodynamic models for mantle phase relations, velocities for mafic, harzburgitic and lherzolitic bulk compositions at the base of Earth's transition zone were calculated. The results show that VsVs predicted by seismic reference models are faster than those calculated for all three types of lithologies along a typical mantle adiabat within the bottom 150 km of the transition zone. The anomalously fast seismic shear velocities might be explained if laterally extensive sections of subducted harzburgite-rich slabs pile up at the base of the transition zone and lower average mantle temperatures within this depth range.
DS201611-2150
2016
Ziberna, L.Ziberna, L., Nimis, P., Kuzmin, D., Malkovets, V.G.Error sources in single clinopyroxene thermobarometry and a mantle geotherm for the Novinka kimberlite, Yakutia. Upper Muna fieldAmerican Mineralogist, Vol. 101, pp. 222-2232.RussiaDeposit - Novinka

Abstract: A new suite of 173 clinopyroxene grains from heavy-mineral concentrates of the diamondiferous Novinka kimberlite (Upper Muna field, Yakutia) has been analyzed for major and minor elements with an electron microprobe to perform a thermobarometric study and model the thermal structure of the Archean Upper Muna lithospheric mantle. Scrupulous evaluation of propagation of analytical uncertainties on pressure estimates revealed that (1) the single-clinopyroxene geobarometer can be very sensitive to analytical uncertainties for particular clinopyroxene compositions, and that (2) most clinopyroxenes from Novinka have compositions that are sensitive to analytical uncertainties, notwithstanding their apparent compositional suitability for single-clinopyroxene thermobarometry based on previously proposed application limits. A test on various mantle clinopyroxenes containing different proportions of the sensitive elements Cr, Na, and Al allowed us to identify clinopyroxene compositions that produce unacceptably high propagated errors and to define appropriate analytical conditions (i.e., higher beam currents and longer counting times for specific elements) that allow precise P-T estimates to be obtained for sensitive compositions. Based on the results of our analytical test, and taking into account the intrinsic limitations of the single-clinopyroxene thermobarometer, we have designed a new protocol for optimum thermobarometry, which uses partly revised compositional filters. The new protocol permits precise computation of the conductive paleogeotherm at Novinka with the single-clinopyroxene thermobarometer of Nimis and Taylor (2000). Thermal modeling of the resulting P-T estimates indicates a ~34 mW/m2 surface heat flow, a thermal lithosphere thickness of ~225 km, and an over 100 km thick “diamond window” beneath Novinka in the middle Paleozoic (344-361 Ma). We estimate that appropriate analytical conditions may extend the applicability of single-clinopyroxene thermobarometry to over 90% of clinopyroxene-bearing garnet peridotites and pyroxenites and to ~70% of chromian-diopside inclusions in diamonds. In all cases, application to clinopyroxenes with Cr/(Cr+Al)mol < 0.1 is not recommended. We confirm the tendency of the single-clinopyroxene barometer to progressively underestimate pressure at P > 4.5 GPa.
DS202001-0040
2019
Zibra, I.Smithies, R.H., Lu, Y., Johnson, T.E., Kirkland, C.L., Cassidy, K.F., Champion, D.C., Mole, D.R., Zibra, I., Gessner, K., Sapkota, J., De Paoli, M.C., Poujol, M.No evidence for high pressure melting of Earth's crust in the Archean.Nature Communicatons, Vol. 10, 555912p. PdfAustraliamelting

Abstract: Much of the present-day volume of Earth’s continental crust had formed by the end of the Archean Eon, 2.5 billion years ago, through the conversion of basaltic (mafic) crust into sodic granite of tonalite, trondhjemite and granodiorite (TTG) composition. Distinctive chemical signatures in a small proportion of these rocks, the so-called high-pressure TTG, are interpreted to indicate partial melting of hydrated crust at pressures above 1.5?GPa (>50?km depth), pressures typically not reached in post-Archean continental crust. These interpretations significantly influence views on early crustal evolution and the onset of plate tectonics. Here we show that high-pressure TTG did not form through melting of crust, but through fractionation of melts derived from metasomatically enriched lithospheric mantle. Although the remaining, and dominant, group of Archean TTG did form through melting of hydrated mafic crust, there is no evidence that this occurred at depths significantly greater than the ~40?km average thickness of modern continental crust.
DS201112-0319
2011
Zibrov, I.P.Filonenko, V.P., Petrovsky, V.A., Sukharev, A.E., Zibrov, I.P.Features of formation and structure threefold cubic B-C-N phases in comparison with microcrystals of diamond.Vestnik Komi Fan., ** in Russian english abstract, No. 1, pp. 9-16.TechnologyDiamond morphology
DS201312-0268
2013
Zibrov, P.I.Filonenko, P.V., Zibrov, P.I., Petrovsky, A.V., Sukharev, E.A.Features of the formation of cubic BCN phase in comparison with natural and synthetic polycrystaline diamonds.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 25, 3, pp. 373-383.TechnologyDiamond synthetics
DS1998-1639
1998
Zichella, V.Zichella, V., De Gasperis, A.A., Pendock, N.E.Mineral mapping with hyper spectral data: a case study over the Moses Rock Dyke and Mule Ear Diatreme, Utah.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1007-8.Utah, United States, Colorado PlateauRemote sensing, Deposit - Moses Rock, Mule Ear
DS1991-0813
1991
Zidek, J.Julian, B., Zidek, J.Field guide to geologic excursions in New Mexico and adjacent areas of Texas and ColoradoNew Mexico Bureau of Mines, Bulletin. No. 137, 192p. $ 14.00New Mexico, Texas, ColoradoGuidebook, Volcanics -general
DS1997-0742
1997
ZiegenbeinMateev, S., Ballhaus, Fricke, Truckenbrodt, ZiegenbeinVolatiles in the Earth's mantle: I. Synthesis of CHO fluids at 1273 K and2.4 GPas.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 61, No. 15, pp. 3081-88.MantleGeochemistry - experimental
DS202009-1630
2020
Zieger, J.Hegner, E., Rajesh, S., Willbold, M., Muller, D., Joachimiski, M., Hofmann, M., Linnemann, U., Zieger, J., Pradeepkumar, A.P.Sediment derived origin of the putatative Munnar carbonatite, South India.Journal of Asian Earth Science, Vol. 200, 104432, 18p. PdfIndiadeposit - Munnar

Abstract: Metacarbonate assemblages in high-grade metamorphic terranes often pose challenges when trying to distinguish between mantle-derived carbonatite and sedimentary carbonate protoliths. We present a study of granulite-facies metacarbonate samples of the putative Munnar carbonatite described as decimeter-thick dikes and veins, and layers of a meter-thick metacarbonate and calc-silicate assemblage, respectively. Thin sections of the metacarbonate dike samples show absence of pyrochlore and ubiquitous scapolite, titanite, wollastonite, and detrital zircons are compatible with impure limestone protoliths. Nd and Sr isotope compositions indicate protoliths with Paleoproterozoic crustal residence times which contrast the mantle sources of Indian and global carbonatites. Trace-element patterns display the characteristics of upper crust, and Ce- and Y-anomalies in a number of samples suggest protolith formation under marine conditions. Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of the metacarbonate samples interlayered with calc-silicate rocks are similar to those in marine limestone. The metacarbonate dikes, however, show mantle-like compositions which are interpreted as reflecting equilibration with mantle-derived CO2 during granulite-facies metamorphism. The dikes yielded a U-Pb zircon crystallization age of 1020 ± 70 Ma and a cross-cutting quartz syenite, thought to be cogenetic, a magmatic age of 620 ± 35 Ma; the hosting gneiss provided a magmatic age of 2452 ± 14 Ma. We conclude that the layered metacarbonate and calc-silicate rocks represent a former marine limestone and marl sequence and the metacarbonate dikes and veins small-volume melts of crust-derived carbonate-rich sediment.
DS1985-0572
1985
Ziegler, A.M.Rowley, D.B., Ziegler, A.M., Sahagian, D., Nie, S.Y., Lottes, A.Geological and Geometrical Constraints on Reconstructions OfGeological Society of America (GSA), Vol. 17, No. 7, P. 703. (abstract.).South Africa, India, AustraliaGeotectonics
DS1991-1936
1991
Ziegler, P.A.Ziegler, P.A.Geological atlas of western and central Europe, 2nd. editionGeological Society of London, 240p. approx. $ 84.00 United StatesEuropeAtlas, Book -ad
DS1992-1745
1992
Ziegler, P.A.Ziegler, P.A.Plate tectonics, plate moving mechanisms and riftingTectonophysics, Vol. 215, pp. 9-34GlobalTectonics, Rifting
DS1992-1746
1992
Ziegler, P.A.Ziegler, P.A.Plate tectonics, plate moving mechanisms and riftingTectonophysics, Vol. 215, pp. 9-34.GlobalTectonics, Rifting
DS1992-1747
1992
Ziegler, P.A.Ziegler, P.A.Geodynamics of rifting, volume II: case history studies on rifts: North And south America and AfricaTectonophysics, Vol. 213, No. 1-2, 280pMidcontinent, Basin and Range, AfricaStructure, Rift systems
DS1993-1822
1993
Ziegler, P.A.Ziegler, P.A.Plate moving mechanisms: their relative importanceJournal of the Geological Society of London, Vol. 150, No. 5, September pp. 927-940MantleTectonics, Plate moving mechanisms models
DS1995-2148
1995
Ziegler, P.A.Ziegler, P.A.Cenozoic rift system of western and central Europe: an overviewGeologie en Mijnbouw, Vol. 73, No. 2-4, pp. 99-127EuropeTectonics, Rifting
DS1996-1036
1996
Ziegler, P.A.Nikishin, A.M., Ziegler, P.A., Shalimov, I.V.Late Precambrian to Triassic history of the East European Craton: dynamics sedimentary basin evolutionTectonophysics, Vol. 268, No. 1-4, Dec. 31, pp. 23-RussiaTectonics, Basin
DS1998-1640
1998
Ziegler, P.A.Ziegler, P.A., Van Wees, J.D.Mechanical controls on collision related compressional intraplatedeformation.Tectonophysics, Vol. 300, No. 1-4, Dec. 31, pp. 103-30.MantleTectonics, Deformation, geodynamics
DS200412-2232
2004
Ziegler, P.A.Ziegler, P.A., Cloetingh, S.Dynamic processes controlling evolution of rifted basins.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 64, pp. 1-50.GlobalMagmatism, Tectonics, plate, rheology, geothermometry
DS1989-0383
1989
Ziegler, R.D.Dyar, M.D., McGuire, A.V., Ziegler, R.D.Redox equilibration temperatures and crystal chemistry of coexisting minerals from spinel lherzolite mantle xenolithsAmerican MIneralogist, Vol. 74, No. 9-10, September-October pp. 969-980California, Arizona, New Mexico, Saudi ArabiaLherzolite, Mantle xenoliths
DS1994-1824
1994
Ziehuis, A.Van der Hilst, R., Kennett, B., Ziehuis, A.SKIPPY: a broad band study of seismic structure of the lithosphere And upper mantle below Australia.Geological Society of Australia Abstracts, No. 37, p. 442.AustraliaGeophysics -seismics, Program -SKIPPY
DS1999-0671
1999
Zielhuis, A.Simons, F.J., Zielhuis, A., Van der Hilst, R.D.The deep structure of the Australian continent from surface wavetomography.Lithos, Vol. 48, No. 1-4, Sept. pp. 17-44.AustraliaGeophysics - seismics, Tectonics
DS200812-0811
2008
Ziemann, M.A.O'Brien, P.J., Ziemann, M.A.Preservation of coesite in exhumed eclogite: insights from Raman mapping.European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 20, 5, pp. 827-834.MantleCoesite
DS201112-0545
2011
Ziemann, M.A.Kotkova, J., O'Brien, P.J., Ziemann, M.A.Discovery of diamond and coesite in Bohemian granulites.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.1228.Europe, BohemiaEger Crystalline Complex, microdiamonds
DS201112-0546
2011
Ziemann, M.A.Kotkova, J., O'Brien, P.J., Ziemann, M.A.Diamond and coesite discovered in Saxony-type granulite: solution to the Variscan garnet peridotite enigma.Geology, Vol. 39, 7, pp. 667-670.EuropeSubduction - Bohemian diamond
DS201506-0267
2015
Ziemann, M.A.Ferrero, S., Wunder, B., Walczak, K., O'Brien, P.J., Ziemann, M.A.Preserved near ultrahigh-pressure melt from continental crust subducted to mantle depths.Geology, Vol. 43, 5, pp. 447-450.MantleBohemian
DS201603-0376
2016
Ziemann, M.A.Ferrero, S., Ziemann, M.A., Angel, R.J., Obrien, P.J., Wunder, B.Kumdykolite, kokchetavite, and cristobalite crystallized in nanogranites from felsic granulites, Orlica-Snieznik Dome, ( Bohemian Massif): not an evidence for ultrahigh-pressure conditions.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 171, pp. 1-12.EuropeBohemian

Abstract: A unique assemblage including kumdykolite and kokchetavite, polymorphs of albite and K-feldspar, respectively, together with cristobalite, micas, and calcite has been identified in high-pressure granulites of the Orlica-Snieznik dome (Bohemian Massif) as the product of partial melt crystallization in preserved nanogranites. Previous reports of both kumdykolite and kokchetavite in natural rocks are mainly from samples that passed through the diamond stability field. However, because the maximum pressure recorded in these host rocks is <3 GPa, our observations indicate that high pressure is not required for the formation of kumdykolite and kokchetavite, and their presence is not therefore an indicator of ultrahigh-pressure conditions. Detailed microstructural and microchemical investigation of these inclusions indicates that such phases should instead be regarded as (1) a direct mineralogical criteria to identify former melt inclusions with preserved original compositions, including H2O and CO2 contents and (2) indicators of rapid cooling of the host rocks. Thus, the present study provides novel criteria for the interpretation of melt inclusions in natural rocks and allows a more rigorous characterization of partial melts during deep subduction to mantle depth as well as their behavior on exhumation.
DS201703-0402
2016
Ziemann, M.A.Ferrero, S., Wunder, B., Ziemann, M.A., Walle, M., O'Brien, P.J.Carbonatitic and granitic melts produced under conditions of primary immiscibility during anatexis in the lower crust. Oberpfalz areaEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 454, pp. 121-131.Europe, Czech RepublicBohemian Massif

Abstract: Carbonatites are peculiar magmatic rocks with mantle-related genesis, commonly interpreted as the products of melting of CO2-bearing peridotites, or resulting from the chemical evolution of mantle-derived magmas, either through extreme differentiation or secondary immiscibility. Here we report the first finding of anatectic carbonatites of crustal origin, preserved as calcite-rich polycrystalline inclusions in garnet from low-to-medium pressure migmatites of the Oberpfalz area, SW Bohemian Massif (Central Europe). These inclusions originally trapped a melt of calciocarbonatitic composition with a characteristic enrichment in Ba, Sr and LREE. This interpretation is supported by the results of a detailed microstructural and microchemical investigation, as well as re-melting experiments using a piston cylinder apparatus. Carbonatitic inclusions coexist in the same cluster with crystallized silicate melt inclusions (nanogranites) and COH fluid inclusions, suggesting conditions of primary immiscibility between two melts and a fluid during anatexis. The production of both carbonatitic and granitic melts during the same anatectic event requires a suitable heterogeneous protolith. This may be represented by a sedimentary sequence containing marble lenses of limited extension, similar to the one still visible in the adjacent central Moldanubian Zone. The presence of CO2-rich fluid inclusions suggests furthermore that high CO2 activity during anatexis may be required to stabilize a carbonate-rich melt in a silica-dominated system. This natural occurrence displays a remarkable similarity with experiments on carbonate-silicate melt immiscibility, where CO2 saturation is a condition commonly imposed.
DS201711-2511
2017
Ziemann, M.A.Ferrerro, S.., Wunder, B., Ziemann, M.A., Walle, M., O'Brien, P.J.Carbonatitic and granitic melts produced under conditions of primary immiscibility during anatexis in the lower crust.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 454, pp. 121-131.Mantlecarbonatites

Abstract: Carbonatites are peculiar magmatic rocks with mantle-related genesis, commonly interpreted as the products of melting of CO2-bearing peridotites, or resulting from the chemical evolution of mantle-derived magmas, either through extreme differentiation or secondary immiscibility. Here we report the first finding of anatectic carbonatites of crustal origin, preserved as calcite-rich polycrystalline inclusions in garnet from low-to-medium pressure migmatites of the Oberpfalz area, SW Bohemian Massif (Central Europe). These inclusions originally trapped a melt of calciocarbonatitic composition with a characteristic enrichment in Ba, Sr and LREE. This interpretation is supported by the results of a detailed microstructural and microchemical investigation, as well as re-melting experiments using a piston cylinder apparatus. Carbonatitic inclusions coexist in the same cluster with crystallized silicate melt inclusions (nanogranites) and COH fluid inclusions, suggesting conditions of primary immiscibility between two melts and a fluid during anatexis. The production of both carbonatitic and granitic melts during the same anatectic event requires a suitable heterogeneous protolith. This may be represented by a sedimentary sequence containing marble lenses of limited extension, similar to the one still visible in the adjacent central Moldanubian Zone. The presence of CO2-rich fluid inclusions suggests furthermore that high CO2 activity during anatexis may be required to stabilize a carbonate-rich melt in a silica-dominated system. This natural occurrence displays a remarkable similarity with experiments on carbonate-silicate melt immiscibility, where CO2 saturation is a condition commonly imposed. In conclusion, this study shows how the investigation of partial melting through melt inclusion studies may unveil unexpected processes whose evidence, while preserved in stiff minerals such as garnet, is completely obliterated in the rest of the rock due to metamorphic re-equilibration. Our results thus provide invaluable new insights into the processes which shape the geochemical evolution of our planet, such as the redistribution of carbon and strategic metals during orogenesis.
DS202004-0550
2019
Zienko, S.I.Zienko, S.I., Slabkovskii, D.S.A comparative analysis of the luminescence spectra of diamonds.Optics and Spectroscopy, Vol. 127, 3, pp. 564-570. doi.org/10.3390/min100100018Globalluminescence

Abstract: To identify the signs that distinguish natural diamonds from artificial diamonds, a comparative analysis of the luminescence spectra with regards to the Q factor, center of gravity, bandwidth parameter, and energy losses in the diamond crystal lattice under conditions of ohmic and dielectric relaxation of luminescence is performed. The phenomenon of resonant luminescence in the femtosecond time range is detected in diamond. It is established that natural and artificial diamonds noticeably differ in the relaxation frequency and in the energy of resonant radiation.
DS1993-0623
1993
Zientek, M.L.Hammarstrom, J.M., Zientek, M.L., Elliott, J.E.Mineral resource assessment of the Absaroka-Beartooth study area, Custer and Gellatin national forests, MontanaUnited States Geological Survey (USGS) Open File, No. 93-0207, 295p. 19 maps $ 136.00MontanaMineral Resource study
DS1975-1225
1979
Zientrek, M.Smith, D., Zientrek, M.Mineral Chemistry and Zoning in Eclogite Inclusions from Colorado Plateau Diatremes.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 69, No. 2, PP. 119-131.Colorado PlateauKimberlite, Rocky Mountains
DS1981-0239
1981
Zietz, E.King, E.R., Klasner, J.S., Zietz, E., Cannon, W.F.Magnetic Dat a on the Precambrian Basement Rocks of Eastern North Dakota and Their Regional Implications.Geological Society of America (GSA), Vol. 13, No. 7, P. 487. (abstract.).GlobalMid-continent
DS1960-0508
1964
Zietz, I.Zietz, I., Griscom, A.Geology and Aeromagnetic Expression of the Midcontinent Gravity High.Geological Society of America (GSA) SPECIAL PAPER., No. 76, P. 184. (abstract.).GlobalMid-continent
DS1960-1144
1969
Zietz, I.King, E.R., Zietz, I.The Midcontinent Gravity High-keweenawan Tectonics and a Possible Ancestral Global Rift SystemGeological Society of America (GSA), Vol. 3, No. 7, PP. 125-126.GlobalMid-continent
DS1975-0325
1976
Zietz, I.Lidiak, E.G., Zietz, I.Interpretation of Aeromagnetic Anomalies between Latitudes 37 and 38 N in the Eastern and Central United States.Geological Society of America (GSA) SPECIAL PAPER., No. 167, 37P.GlobalCincinnati, Arch, Ozark, Uplift, Lineaments, Mid-continent
DS1987-0279
1987
Zietz, I.Hatcher, R.D., Zietz, I., Litehiser, J.J.Crustal subdivisions of the eastern and central United States and a seismic boundary hypothesis for eastern seismicityGeology, Vol. 15, No. 6, June pp. 528-532MidcontinentAppalachia, Geophysics
DS1990-0773
1990
Zietz, I.Johnson, P.R., Zietz, I., Bond, K.R.U.S. West coast revisited: an aeromagnetic perspectiveGeology, Vol. 18, No. 4, April pp. 323-335California, CordilleraGeophysics -magnetics, Lineaments
DS1990-1636
1990
Zietz, I.Zietz, I., Johnson, P.R., Wilson, G.V.Aeromagnetic dat a and basement structures in AlabamaGeological Society of America (GSA) Annual Meeting, Abstracts, Vol. 22, No. 7, p. A231GlobalGeophysics -aeromagnetics, Structure
DS1994-1997
1994
Zigarlick, J.Zigarlick, J.Land transport in Canada's ArcticThe Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM) District 6, Oct. 11-15th. Vancouver, p.67 abstract onlyNorthwest TerritoriesEnvironment, Transportation
DS2003-1562
2003
Zigarlick, J.Zigarlick, J.Constructing and operating high traffic volume ice roads in Canada's remote northGeological Association of Canada Annual Meeting, Abstract onlyNorthwest TerritoriesCivil engineering
DS200412-2233
2003
Zigarlick, J.Zigarlick, J.Constructing and operating high traffic volume ice roads in Canada's remote north.Geological Association of Canada Annual Meeting, Abstract onlyCanada, Northwest TerritoriesCivil engineering
DS1989-1683
1989
Zihlman, F.N.Zihlman, F.N.ISOEDIT: a program for interactive editing of seismic reflection velocitymodelsUnited States Geological Survey (USGS) Open File, No. 89-0310 A, B., $ 5.75 and $ 6.00 discGlobalComputer, Program -ISOEDIT.
DS1992-1748
1992
Zihlman, F.N.Zihlman, F.N.DUMPSEGY v1.0 a program to examine the contents of SEG-Y disk image seismicdataUnited States Geological Survey (USGS) Open File, No. 92-0590 $ 16.50GlobalComputer, Program -DUMPSEGY
DS1992-1749
1992
Zihlman, F.N.Zihlman, F.N.PLOTSEGY v 1.0 a DOS graphics program to display SEG-Y disc image seismicdataUnited States Geological Survey (USGS) Open file, No. 92-0349 A, B, $ 3.25 plus $ 24.50 discsGlobalComputer, Program -PLOTSEGY
DS1992-1750
1992
Zijl, W.Zijl, W., Stam, J.M.T.Modeling permeability in imperfectly layered porous media. 1. derivation of block scale permeability tensor for thin grid blocksMathematical Geology, Vol. 24, No. 8, November pp. 865-884GlobalGeostatistics, Grid blocks
DS201012-0896
2010
Zikhali, P.Zikhali, P.Fast track land reform programme, tenure security and investments in soil conservation: micro-evidence from Mazowe District in Zimbabwe.Natural Resources Forum, Vol. 34, 2, pp. 124-139.Africa, ZimbabweLegal - not specific to diamonds
DS1983-0526
1983
Zilberman, A.M.Pyatenko, I.K., Yegorova, N.F., Zilberman, A.M., Chernysheva, YE. M.Immiscibility as a possible factor in the genesis of melanocratic members of the basaltseries, as illustrated by the central Ural rock complexDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 273, Nov. Dec. pp. 104-107RussiaPetrology Similar To Kimberlites
DS1985-0550
1985
Zilberman, A.M.Pyatenko, I.K., Yegorova, N.F., Zilberman, A.M., Chernysheva, Y.Immiscibility as a Possible Factor in the Genesis of MelanocDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section., Vol. 273, No. 1-6, PP. 104-107.Russia, UralsPicrite, Chemical Composition, Textures
DS1982-0651
1982
Zilbershkaya, A.K.Yevdokimov, A.N., Zilbershkaya, A.K., Khotina, M.I., Shishlov.Anisotropy of Pyrope and Almandine of Kimberlites in the Lower and Middle Kuonam, Yakutia.Zap. Vses. Mineral Obshch., Vol. 111, No. 2, PP. 247-250.RussiaBlank
DS1986-0030
1986
Zilbershteyn, A.K.Arsenyeva, T.A., Zilbershteyn, A.K., Sobolev, N.V.Evaluation of experimental pressure on olivine crystals inkimberlites.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR., (Russian), Vol. 286, No. 5, pp. 1220-1223RussiaExperimental Petrology
DS1987-0016
1987
Zilbershteyn, A.Kh.Arsenyeva, T.A., Zilbershteyn, A.Kh., Sobolev, N.V.Determination of the hydrostatic pressure experienced at depth by olivine crystals from kimberliteDokl. Acad. Sciences USSR Earth Science Section, Vol. 286, No. 1-6, September pp. 143-146RussiaBlank
DS1986-0029
1986
Zilbertski, A.K.Arseniev, T.A., Zilbertski, A.K., Sobolev, N.V.The estimation of pressure experiences by crystals of olivinefromkimberlites.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 286, No. 5, pp. 1220-1223RussiaPetrology
DS1990-1309
1990
Zilverstein, O.Schenk, T., Zilverstein, O.Experiments with a rule based system for interpreting linear map featuresPhotogrammetric engineering and remote sensing, Vol. 56, No. 6, June pp. 911-917GlobalComputer, Program -GIS linear map features
DS1950-0516
1959
Zim, H.S.Zim, H.S.Diamonds; Wm. Morrow and Co., 1959New York: Wm. Morrow And Co., 64P.GlobalKimberlite, Janlib, Kimberley
DS1975-0217
1975
Zim, H.S.Zim, H.S.Diamante. #2Kaapstad: Haum., 64P.South AfricaDiamonds, Kimberley
DS1991-1013
1991
Zimanowski, B.Lorenz, V., Zimanowski, B., Frohlich, G.Experiments on explosive basic and ultrabasic, ultramafic, and carbonatiticvolcanism.Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 245-247GlobalTEE-HAUS, experimental explosions, Carbonatite, phreatomagmatic
DS1994-1051
1994
Zimanowski, B.Lorenz, V., Zimanowski, B., Frohlich, G.Experiments on explosive basic and ultrabasic, ultramafic and carbonatiticvolcanism.Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference, Vol. 1, pp. 270-284.GlobalCarbonatite, Experimental petrology
DS1998-0818
1998
Zimanowski, B.Kurszlaukis, S., Buttner, R., Zimanowski, B., LorenzOn the first experimental phreatomagmatic explosion of a kimberlite meltJournal of Vol. Geotherm. Res., Vol. 80, pp. 323-326.Namibiavolcanism - explosive, deposit - Gibeon field
DS1999-0421
1999
Zimanowski, B.Lorenz, V., Zimanowski, B., Buttner, R., Kurszlaukis, S.Formation of kimberlite diatremes by explosive interaction of kimberlite magma with groundwater:7th International Kimberlite Conference Nixon, Vol. 2, pp. 522-28.Namibia, TanzaniaPetrology - experimental, Fluidization, phreatomagmatisM.
DS200412-2234
2004
Zimanowski, B.Zimanowski, B., Buttner, R., Koopmann, A.Experiments on magma mixing.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, 9, May 16, 10.1029/2004 GLO19687MantleMagmatism - not specific to diamonds
DS200612-0202
2006
Zimanowski, B.Buttner, R., Dellino, P., Raue, H., Sonder, I., Zimanowski, B.Stress induced brittle fragmentation of magmatic melts: theory and experiments.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, No. B8, B08204MantleMagmatism
DS200812-0066
2008
Zimanowski, B.Austin-Erickson, A., Buttner, R., Delino, P., Ort, M.H., Zimanowski, B.Phreatomagmatic explosions of rhyolitic magma: experimental and field evidence.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, B11201.TechnologyMagmatism
DS200812-0687
2008
Zimanowski, B.Lorenz, V., Zimanowski, B.Volcanology of the West Eifel Maars and its relevance to the understanding of kimberlite pipes.9th. IKC Field Trip Guidebook, CD 45p.Europe, GermanyGuidebook - volcanology
DS200912-0643
2009
Zimanowski, B.Ross, P., White, J.D., Lorenz, V., Zimanowski, B., Boettner, R., McClintock, M.Why lower diatremes in kimberlitic and non-kimberlitic systems are non-stratified, homogenized, and contain steep internal contacts: episodic burst and debris jets.GAC/MAC/AGU Meeting held May 23-27 Toronto, Abstract onlyMantleBoundary
DS1998-0819
1998
Zimanowski, V.Kurszlaukis, S., Lorenz, V., Zimanowski, V., Buttner, R.Experiments on explosive interaction of molten kimberlite with injectedwater.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 483-5.NamibiaKimberlite magma, phreatomagmatic, Deposit - Hanaus 2, Gibeon Province
DS1986-0900
1986
Zimanowsky, B.Zimanowsky, B., Lorenz, V., Frohlich, G.Experiments on phreatomagmatic explosions with silicate andcarbonatiticmeltsJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 30, No. 1-2, November pp. 149-154GlobalCarbonatite
DS201807-1541
2018
Zimba, B.Zimba, B.Performance of a laminar spiral In let cyclone in a diamond DMS application. Background information CAVEX CVXASAIMM Diamonds - source to use 2018 Conference 'thriving in changing times'. June 11-13., pp. 24-34.Technologymining - DMS
DS1993-1823
1993
ZimbabaweZimbabaweFirst diamond mine in Zimbabawe.... Redaurum and Auridiam...River Ranch -information current to mid-summer 1993.Indiaqua, Annual 1993/94, pp. 45-47, 49.GlobalNews item, Redaurum
DS1992-1751
1992
Zimbabawe GovernmentZimbabawe GovernmentForeign investment in Zimbabwe.. information from the Zimbabwe touristbureau, New York City. Extensive overview of doing business and policies oninvestingZimbabawe Government, 100pZimbabweEconomics, Investment policy
DS1994-1998
1994
ZimbabweZimbabweAll aspects of country identified... taxation, infrastructure, banking, foreign currency exchange etc.Zimbabwe, approx. 35p.ZimbabweCountry profile, Economics
DS1975-0658
1977
Zimbabwe Geological SurveyZimbabwe Geological SurveyProvisional Geological Map of RhodesiaZimbabwe Geological Survey, MAP 1: 952, 750.ZimbabweGeology
DS201412-0752
2014
Zimbelman, J.R.Rooney, T.O., Bastow, I.D., Keir, D., Mazzarini, F., Movsesian, E., Grosfils, E.B., Zimbelman, J.R., Ramsey, M.S., Ayalew, D., Yirgu, G.The protracted development of focused magmatic intrusion during continental rifting.Tectonics, Vol. 33, 6, pp. 875-897.Africa, EthiopiaPrecambrian lineaments
DS1986-0901
1986
Zimin, S.S.Zimin, S.S.A new model of the formation of carbonatites and ores associated withthem.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 289, No. 3, pp. 700-702RussiaCarbonatite
DS1988-0781
1988
Zimin, S.S.Zimin, S.S., Zalinshchak, B.L.New model of the formation of carbonatite and associated oresDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 289, No. 1-6, January pp. 140-143RussiaBlank
DS1999-0622
1999
Zimin, S.S.Sakno, V.G., Matyunin, A.P., Zimin, S.S.The mineral composition of Diamondiferous kimberlite type rocks in the northern Khanka Massif, primorsk ..Doklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 368, No. 7, pp. 920-23.RussiaMineralogy, Deposit - Khanka Massif
DS201412-1031
2014
Zimmer, C.Zimmer, C.The oldest rocks on Earth. Nuvvuagittuq greenstone belt.Scientific American, Vol. 310, 3, March pp.Canada, NunavutDiscussion - true or false
DS201912-2821
2019
Zimmer, D.Sanatmaria-Perez, D., Ruiz-Fuertes, J., Pena-Alvarez, M., Chulia-Jordan, R., Marquerno, T., Zimmer, D., Guterrez-Cano, V., Macleod, S., Gregoryanz, E., Popescue, C., Rodriguez-Herandez, P., Munoz, A.Post-tilleyite, a dense calcium silicate carbonate phase.Nature Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, 11p. PdfMantletilleyite

Abstract: Calcium carbonate is a relevant constituent of the Earth’s crust that is transferred into the deep Earth through the subduction process. Its chemical interaction with calcium-rich silicates at high temperatures give rise to the formation of mixed silicate-carbonate minerals, but the structural behavior of these phases under compression is not known. Here we report the existence of a dense polymorph of Ca5(Si2O7)(CO3)2 tilleyite above 8 GPa. We have structurally characterized the two phases at high pressures and temperatures, determined their equations of state and analyzed the evolution of the polyhedral units under compression. This has been possible thanks to the agreement between our powder and single-crystal XRD experiments, Raman spectroscopy measurements and ab-initio simulations. The presence of multiple cation sites, with variable volume and coordination number (6-9) and different polyhedral compressibilities, together with the observation of significant amounts of alumina in compositions of some natural tilleyite assemblages, suggests that post-tilleyite structure has the potential to accommodate cations with different sizes and valencies.
DS202101-0045
2020
Zimmer, E.H.Zimmer, E.H., Howell, J.A.Predicting river mouth location from delta front dip and clinoform dip in modern and ancient wave dominated deltas. * not specific to diamondsSedimentology, doi.org/10.111/ sed.12800 24p. South America, Brazilgeomorphology

Abstract: Wave?dominated deltas and strandplains make up the majority of the world’s depositional coastlines, provide an important record of sea?level change and serve as hydrocarbon reservoirs worldwide. Satellite imagery forms a great source of data on the recent depositional history of modern deltaic systems. In the subsurface, three?dimensional seismic and well data make the three?dimensional assessment of large?scale deltaic reservoir bodies possible but struggle to resolve internal heterogeneities away from wells. To bridge this gap in characterizing deltaic sedimentation, this study combines measurements from both the shallow, high?resolution section of three?dimensional seismic data of the Eocene Halibut Delta in the Outer Moray Firth, offshore Scotland, with information from Google Earth’s satellite imagery and digital elevation model on south?east Brazilian river deltas (São Francisco, Jequitinhonha, Doce and Paraíba do Sul) to present a means of predicting the location of fluvial sediment input points with respect to clinoform geometry. The key measurement for this study is the delta front and clinoform dip which has been measured at multiple locations along strike of the coastline of the examined deltas. Dip decreases away from the inferred river mouth for all deltas by 50% within 7.2 km. The river mouth location was inferred from the position of palaeo?channels visible on the delta top and coarse sediment recorded in grab samples offshore for the south?east Brazilian deltas, and from imprints of palaeo?channels on attribute maps for the Eocene Halibut Delta. In summary, this study found that delta front dip is steepest at the location of the river mouth and decreases, along with grain size, away from it. This suggests that high dip values correlate with the proximity to the channel mouth and can be used to predict fluvial channel facies in modern deltaic systems and subsurface reservoirs.
DS201605-0821
2016
Zimmerer, M.J.Coleman, D.S., Mills, R.D., Zimmerer, M.J.Enigmatic relationship between silicic volcanic and plutonic rocks: the pace of plutonism.Elements, Vol. 12, pp. 97-102.TechnologyMagmatism
DS1993-1824
1993
Zimmerman, D.Zimmerman, D.The urge to explore and why it is important for our environmentThe Australian Geologist, Newsletter No. 89, December 20, pp. 10-11AustraliaExploration Philosophy
DS1992-0312
1992
Zimmerman, D.L.Cressie, N., Zimmerman, D.L.On the stability of the geostatistical methodMathematical Geology, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 45-60GlobalGeostatistics, Kriging
DS1993-1825
1993
Zimmerman, D.L.Zimmerman, D.L.Another look at anisotropy in geostatisticsMathematical Geology, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 453-470GlobalGeostatistics, Nugget effect
DS1986-0902
1986
Zimmerman, J.Zimmerman, J., Malinconico, M.L.Finite strain in the Missouri Mountain Formation (Silurian)south central Benton uplift, ArkansawGeological Society of America, Vol. 18, No. 3, p. 273. AbstractMidcontinent, ArkansasTectonics
DS1990-0576
1990
Zimmerman, J.L.Giuliani, G., Cheilletz, A., Zimmerman, J.L.The emplacement, geochemistry and petrogenesis of two central Morocco Hercynian granites. Geotectonic implicationsJournal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 9, No. 3/4, pp. 617-629Moroccorare earth elements (REE) geochemistry, Granites
DS2003-0597
2003
Zimmerman, M.E.Holtzman, B.K., Kohlstedt, D.L., Zimmerman, M.E., Heidelbach, F., Hiraga, T.Melt segregation and strain partitioning: implications for seismic anisotropy and mantleScience, No. 5637, August 29,p. 1227-29.MantleGeophysics - seismic
DS200412-0845
2003
Zimmerman, M.E.Holtzman, B.K., Kohlstedt, D.L., Zimmerman, M.E., Heidelbach, F., Hiraga, T., Hustoft, J.Melt segregation and strain partitioning: implications for seismic anisotropy and mantle flow.Science, No. 5637, August 29,p. 1227-29.MantleGeophysics - seismic
DS1920-0041
1920
Zimmerman, S.H.Reyburn, S.W., Zimmerman, S.H.Diamonds in Arkansaw, 1920Engineering and Mining Journal, Vol. 109, No. 17, PP. 983-986.United States, Gulf Coast, ArkansasDiamond Occurrence, Geology
DS201112-0335
2011
Zimmermana, U.Fourie, P.H., Zimmermana, U., Beukes, N.J., Naidoo, T., Kobayasji, K., Kosler, J., Nakamura, Tait, TheronProvenance and reconnaissance study of detrital zircons of the Paleozoic Cape Supergroup: revealing the interaction of Kalahari and Rio de la Plat a cratons.International Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 100, 2, pp. 527-541.Africa, South Africa, South America, BrazilGeochronology
DS200612-1154
2005
Zimmermann, C.Reisberg, L., Zhi, X., Lorand, J.P., Wagner, C., Peng, Z., Zimmermann, C.Re Os S systematics of spinel peridotite xenoliths from east central China: evidence for contrasting effects of melt percolation.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 239, 3-4, pp. 286-308.ChinaGeochronology
DS1996-0565
1996
Zimmermann, H.D.Grezechnik, A., Zimmermann, H.D., McMillan, P.F.FTIR micro-reflectance measurements of the CO2/3 ion content in basanite and leucitite glasses.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 125, No. 4, pp. 311-318.GlobalBasanite
DS1996-0577
1996
Zimmermann, H.D.Haack, U.K., Zimmermann, H.D.Retrograde mineral reactions: a heat source in the continental crust?Geologische Rundschau, Vol. 85, pp. 130-137Mantle, crustHydrothermal systems, Water/ rock reaction, exothermic
DS1998-0950
1998
Zimmermann, J.L.Marty, B., Tolstikhin, I., Zimmermann, J.L.Plume derived rare gases in 380 Ma carbonatites from the Kola region And the argon isotopic composition...Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol.164, No.1-2, Dec.15, pp.179-92.Russia, Kola PeninsulaMantle chemistry, geochronology, Carbonatite
DS201312-0581
2013
Zimmermann, L.Marty, B., Zimmermann, L., Pujol, M., Burgess, R., Philippot, P.Nitrogen isotopic composition and density of the Archean atmosphere.Science, Vol. 342, 6154, pp. 101-104.MantleVolatiles
DS201709-2034
2017
Zimmermann, L.Mollex, G., France, L., Furi, E., Bonnet, R., Botcharnikov, R.E., Zimmermann, L., Wilke, S., Deloule, E., Chazot, G., Kazimoto. E.O., Marty, B., Burnard, P.The Oldoinyo Lengai volcano plumbing system architecture, and composition from source to surface.Goldschmidt Conference, abstract 1p.Africa, Tanzaniadeposit, Oldoinyo

Abstract: Cognate xenoliths that have been emitted during the last sub-plinian eruption in 2007-08 at Oldoinyo Lengai (OL) represent a unique opportunity to document the igneous processes occuring within the active magma chamber. Detailed petrographic descriptions coupled to a thermobarometric approach, and to the determination of volatile solubility models, allow us to identify the melt evolution at magma chamber conditions, and the storage parameters (P, T). Results indicate that a fresh phonolite melt (~1060°C) was injected into a crustal magma chamber at 11.5 ±3.5 km depth, in agreement with geophysical surveys performed during the eruption. The phonolite contains high volatile contents: 3.2 wt.% H2O and 1.4 wt.% CO2. The liquid line of descent highlights an evolution to nephelinite compositions by cooling down to 880°C. Our results support previous results related to this eruption, and are similar to the historical products emitted during the whole volcano history, allowing us to suggest that no major modification in the plumbing system has occured during the OL evolution. New noble gas results show that: i. fumaroles display constant He isotopic signature since 1988; ii. Cognate xenoliths documenting the active magma chamber and fumaroles display similar He isotopic values (6.58±0.46RA, and 7.31±0.40RA, respectively); iii. OL He isotopic composition is similar to that of other silicate volcanoes of the Arusha region, and comparable to the typical subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) range (5.2 to 7.0 RA); iv. Ne isotopic ratio of OL is following the MORB signature. Those results are interpreted as showing that 1/ no major modification in the hydrothermal system architecture has occured since 1988 despite major modification of the summit crater morphology, 2/ no contamination by either the atmospheric gases, or crustal material assimilation has occured between the magma chamber and the surface, and 3/ the source of OL and of the other silicate volcanoes in the Arusha region is a SCLM metasomatized by asthenospheric fluids.
DS2000-0093
2000
Zimmermann, U.Bock, B., Bahlburg, H., Worner, G., Zimmermann, U.Tracing crustal evolution in the Southern Central Andes from late Precambrian to Permian geochemical isotopeJournal of Geology, Vol. 108, pp. 515-35.Argentina, Chile, Andes, South AmericaGeochemistry, geochronology, craton, Paleotectonics
DS200912-0867
2009
Zimmermann, U.Zimmermann, U., Foruie, Naidoo, Van Staden, Chemalle, Nakamura, Koyayashi, Kosler, Beukes, Tait.Unroofing the Kalahari craton: provenance dat a from neoproterozoic to Paleozoic successions.Goldschmidt Conference 2009, p. A1536 Abstract.Africa, South AfricaTectonics
DS201112-0717
2011
Zimmermann, U.Naidoo, T., Zimmermann, U., Miyazaki, J.T., Vervoort, J.Isotope study of Neoproterozoic to lower Paleozoic successions of the southern Kalahari craton.Goldschmidt Conference 2011, abstract p.1523.AfricaRodinia
DS201412-1032
2014
Zimnisky, P.Zimnisky, P.A snapshot of global production.The state of the global rough diamond supply in 2014.Diamonds in Canada Magazine, Northern Miner, May pp. 4-7.GlobalDiamond production
DS201412-1033
2014
Zimnisky, P.Zimnisky, P.Canadian production on the rise.Diamonds in Canada Magazine, Northern Miner, November pp. 12-13.CanadaDiamond production brief overview
DS201503-0182
2015
Zimnisky, P.Zimnisky, P.Global rough diamond production estimated to hot over 135 m carats in 2015.Diamond analytics, paul @paulzimnisky.com, Feb. 6, 14p.Production figures
DS201801-0083
2017
Zimnisky, P.Zimnisky, P.Rough diamond prices.Zimnisky.com, Dec. 18, 7p.Globaldiamond production
DS201812-2903
2018
Zimnisky, P.Zimnisky, P.The natural diamond industry in 2018, where do we go from here? Keynote address7th Symposio Brasileiro de Geologia do Diamante , Presentation listed South America, Brazil, Globaleconomics
DS201912-2839
2019
Zimnisky, P.Zimnisky, P.Several catalysts could boost the ailing diamond industry next year.Diamonds in Canada, November pp. 6-8.Globaleconomics
DS201712-2738
2017
Zimnisky, P. .Zimnisky, P. .Diamond market slows after strong recovery. A market update for the second half of 2017.Diamonds In Canada Magazine, Northern Miner, Nov. pp. 15-16.Globalmarkets
DS2001-1317
2001
Zimtu Technologies Inc.Zimtu Technologies Inc.Manitoba diamond exploration: Knee Lake... property acquiredZimtu Tech., Feb. 6, 1p.ManitobaNews item - press release
DS200412-0848
2004
Zin Hua, Z.Hong Fu, Z., Min, S.,Mei Fu, Z., Wei Ming, F., Zin Hua, Z., Ming Guo, Z.Highly heterogeneous Late Mesozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the North Chin a Craton: evidence from Sr Nd Pb isotopic systematiGeological Magazine, Vol. 141, 1, pp. 55-62.ChinaGeochronology
DS1988-0708
1988
Zincguk, N.N.Tsyganov, V.A., Zincguk, N.N., Afanasyev, V.P.Problem of evaluating a general population from non-random samples (as exemplified by the indicator properties of kimberlites)Doklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 301, No. 4, July-Aug, pp. 74-78RussiaSampling, Kimberlite minerals
DS202110-1620
2021
Zinchenko, V.Korolev, N., Nikitina, L.P., Goncharov, A.,Dubinina, E., Melnik, A.E., Muller, D., Chen, Y-X., Zinchenko, V.Three types of mantle eclogite from two layers of oceanic crust: a key case of metasomatically- aided transformation of low-to-high-magnesian eclogite.Journal of Petrology, 10.1093/petrology /egab070 98p. PdfAfrica, Angoladeposit - Catoca

Abstract: Reconstructed whole-rock and mineral major- and trace-element compositions, as well as new oxygen isotope data, for 22 mantle eclogite xenoliths from the Catoca pipe (Kasai Craton) were used to constrain their genesis and evolution. On the basis of mineralogical and major-element compositions, the Catoca eclogites can be divided into three groups: high-alumina (high-Al) (kyanite-bearing), low-magnesian (low-Mg#), and high-magnesian (high-Mg#) eclogites. The high-Al Catoca eclogites contain kyanite and corundum; high Al2O3 contents in rock-forming minerals; rare earth element (REE) patterns in garnets showing depleted LREEs, positive Eu anomalies (1.03-1.66), and near-flat HREEs; and high Sr contents in garnets and whole-rock REE compositions. All of these features point to a plagioclase-rich protolith (probably gabbro). Reconstructed whole-rock compositions (major elements, MREEs, HREEs, Li, V, Hf, Y, Zr, and Pb) and ?18O of 5.5-7.4‰ of the low-Mg# Catoca eclogites are in good agreement with the compositions of picrite basalts and average mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB). The depleted LREEs and NMORB-normalised Nd/Yb values of 0.07-0.41 indicate that the degree of partial melting for the majority of the low-Mg# eclogites protolith was ?30%. The narrow ?18O range of 5.5-7.4‰ near the ‘gabbro-basalt’ boundary (6‰) obtained for the high-Al and low-Mg# Catoca eclogites reflects the influence of subduction-related processes. This case shows that mantle eclogites represented by two different lithologies and originating from different protoliths — plagioclase-rich precursor, presumably gabbro (for high-Al eclogites), and basalt (low-Mg# eclogites) — can provide similar and overlapping ?18O signatures on account of the influence of subduction-related processes. Chemical compositions of the high-Mg# eclogites indicate a complicated petrogenesis, and textural signatures reveal recrystallisation. The presence of Nb-rich rutile (8-12 wt% of Nb2O5) enriched with HFSE (Zr/Hf of 72.6-75.6) and multiple trace-element signatures (including reconstructed whole-rock NMORB-normalised Ce/Yb of 3.9-10.6 and Sr/Y of 5.8-9.6, MgO contents of 15.7-17.9 wt%, and high Ba and Sr) provide strong evidence for deep metasomatic alteration. High Cr contents in clinopyroxene (800-3740 ppm), garnet (430-1400 ppm), and accessory rutile (700-2530 ppm), together with extremely low Li contents of 1.0-2.4 ppm in clinopyroxene, may indicate hybridisation of the eclogites with peridotite. Comparison of the chemical compositions (major and trace elements) of (1) unaltered fresh cores of coarse-grained garnets from the low-Mg# eclogites, (2) secondary garnet rims (ubiquitous in the low-Mg# eclogites), (3) proto-cores in the coarse-grained garnet (high-Mg# eclogites), and (4) homogeneous recrystallised fine-grained garnets (high-Mg# eclogites) suggests that the high-Mg# eclogites formed through recrystallisation of low-Mg# eclogite in the presence of an external fluid in the mantle. Four of the five high-Mg# samples show that mantle metasomatism inside the Kasai craton mantle beneath the Catoca pipe occurred at a depth range of 145-160 km (4.5-4.8 GPa).
DS202112-1958
2021
Zinchenko, V.Zinchenko, V., Ashchepkov, I., Ivanov, A.Modelling of the mantle structure beneath the NE part of the Lucapa kimberlite corridor, Angola.Journal of Science, , No. 19, pp. 7-16. pdfAfrica, Angoladeposit - Lunda, Kukumbi-Kwango

Abstract: A database of microprobe EPMA and ICP MS analysis of the kimberlite indicator minerals > 20,000 of the Lunda and Kukumbi-Kwango kimberlite regions were used for construction of series PTCFO2 diagrams for mantle section beneath major kimberlite pipes the and profile through the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SLM) beneath the NE Angolan Kasai craton within the Lucapa tectonic "corridor", which controls the kimber-lite volcanism in the North of Angola. The general construction of the mantle sections are similar for most pipes but details of the structure refer t the mineralogy and degree of the hydrous metasomatism. The vertical and lat-eral heterogeneity of the mantle in this region and the PTCFO2 parameters in mantle beneath diamond-bearing kimberlite pipes were calculated. There is the inclination of the general mantle structure toward the SW marked by the depleted layer of mantle peridotites. The local dome-like structures are found near the lithosphere base beneath Catoca, Luaxe field and other kimberlite regions. Mapping of the upper mantle beneath the Angolan Archaean cratons of is a relatively pioneer direction in the regional diamond forecasting, developed by the authors.
DS200912-0868
2008
Zinchenko, V.N.Zinchenko, V.N.Morphology of diamonds from kimberlite pipes of the Catoca field, Angola.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 50, 8, pp. 806-814.Africa, AngolaDiamond morphology
DS201412-0474
2014
Zinchenko, V.N.Korolev, N.M., Marin, Y.B., Nikitina, L.P., Zinchenko, V.N., Chissupa, H.M.High Nb rutile from upper mantle eclogite xenoliths of the diamond bearing kimberlite pipe, Catoca ( Angola).Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 454, 1, pp. 50-53.Africa, AngolaDeposit - Catoca
DS201412-0629
2014
Zinchenko, V.N.Nikitina, L.P., Korolev, N.M., Zinchenko, V.N., Tunga Felix, J.Eclogites from the upper mantle beneath the Kasai craton ( western Africa): petrography, whole rock geochemistry and U Pb zircon age.Precambrian Research, Vol. 249, pp. 13-32.Africa, west AfricaEclogite
DS201802-0256
2017
Zinchenko, V.N.Nikitina, L.P., Bogomolov, E.S., Kyrmsky, R.Sh., Belyatsky, B.V., Korolev, N.M., Zinchenko, V.N.Nd Sr Os systems of eclogites in the lithospheric mantle of the Kasai Craton ( Angola).Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 58, pp. 1305-1316.Africa, Angolaeclogites

Abstract: We studied the Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and Re-Os isotope compositions of mantle xenoliths (eclogites and peridotites) from diamondiferous kimberlites of the Catoca cluster of the Kasai Craton. In the eclogites, the primary strontium isotope composition 87Sr/86Sr varies from 0.7056 to 0.7071, and the neodymium isotope composition eNd, from 1.8 to 2.6. The 187Re/188Os and 187Os/188Os ratios range from 135 to 80 and from 1.3110 to 1.9709, respectively, which indicates a significant portion of radiogenic Os: yOs = 129-147. These isotope values exceed the values assumed for model reservoirs (primitive upper mantle (PUM) and bulk silicate Earth (BSE)) and those of chondrites. The isotope composition of the studied systems indicates the formation of eclogites from a rhenium-enriched source, namely, the subducted oceanic crust transformed as a result of metasomatism and/or melting under upper-mantle conditions.
DS202112-1934
2021
Zinchenko, V.N.Korolev, N., Nikitina, L.P., Goncharov, A., Dubinina, V.N., Melnik, A., Muller, D., Chen, Y-X., Zinchenko, V.N.Three types of mantle eclogite from two layers of oceanic crust: a key case of metasomatically-aided transformation of low-to-high-magnesian eclogite.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 62, 11, pp. 1-38. pdfAfrica, Angoladeposit - Catoca

Abstract: Reconstructed whole-rock (RWR) and mineral major- and trace-element compositions, as well as new oxygen isotope data, for 22 mantle eclogite xenoliths from the Catoca pipe (Kasai Craton) were used to constrain their genesis and evolution. On the basis of mineralogical and major-element compositions, the Catoca eclogites can be divided into three groups: high-alumina (high-Al) (kyanite-bearing), low-magnesian (low-Mg#), and high-magnesian (high-Mg#) eclogites. The high-Al Catoca eclogites contain kyanite and corundum; high Al2O3 contents in rock-forming minerals; rare earth element (REE) patterns in garnets showing depleted LREEs, positive Eu anomalies (1.03-1.66), and near-flat HREEs; and high Sr contents in garnets and whole-rock REE compositions. All of these features point to a plagioclase-rich protolith (probably gabbro). RWR compositions (major elements, MREEs, HREEs, Li, V, Hf, Y, Zr, and Pb) and ?18O of 5.5-7.4‰ of the low-Mg# Catoca eclogites are in good agreement with the compositions of picrite basalts and average mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB). The depleted LREEs and NMORB-normalised Nd/Yb values of 0.07-0.41 indicate that the degree of partial melting for the majority of the low-Mg# eclogites protolith was ?30%. The narrow ?18O range of 5.5-7.4‰ near the ‘gabbro-basalt’ boundary (6‰) obtained for the high-Al and low-Mg# Catoca eclogites reflects the influence of subduction-related processes. This case shows that mantle eclogites represented by two different lithologies and originating from different protoliths—plagioclase-rich precursor, presumably gabbro (for high-Al eclogites), and basalt (low-Mg# eclogites)—can provide similar and overlapping ?18O signatures on account of the influence of subduction-related processes. Chemical compositions of the high-Mg# eclogites indicate a complicated petrogenesis, and textural signatures reveal recrystallisation. The presence of Nb-rich rutile (8-12 wt% of Nb2O5) enriched with high field strength elements (HFSE) (Zr/Hf of 72.6-75.6) and multiple trace-element signatures (including RWR, NMORB-normalised Ce/Yb of 3.9-10.6 and Sr/Y of 5.8-9.6, MgO contents of 15.7-17.9 wt%, and high Ba and Sr) provide strong evidence for deep metasomatic alteration. High Cr contents in clinopyroxene (800-3740 ppm), garnet (430-1400 ppm), and accessory rutile (700-2530 ppm), together with extremely low Li contents of 1.0-2.4 ppm in clinopyroxene, may indicate hybridisation of the eclogites with peridotite. Comparison of the chemical compositions (major and trace elements) of (1) unaltered fresh cores of coarse-grained garnets from the low-Mg# eclogites, (2) secondary garnet rims (ubiquitous in the low-Mg# eclogites), (3) proto-cores in the coarse-grained garnet (high-Mg# eclogites), and (4) homogeneous recrystallised fine-grained garnets (high-Mg# eclogites) suggests that the high-Mg# eclogites formed through recrystallisation of low-Mg# eclogite in the presence of an external fluid in the mantle. Four of the five high-Mg# samples show that mantle metasomatism inside the Kasai craton mantle beneath the Catoca pipe occurred at a depth range of 145-160 km (4.5-4.8 GPa).
DS202201-0002
2021
Zinchenko, V.N.Ashchepkov, I.V., Zinchenko, V.N., Ivanov, A.S.Mantle transects in Africa according to data of mantle xenocrysts and diamond inclusions.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 95, 1, pp. 15-17.Africatectonics
DS202201-0048
2021
Zinchenko, V.N.Zinchenko, V.N., Ivanov, A.S., Ashepkov, I.V.Composition of the diamond indicator minerals on the Mitchell chart - criteria of CLIPPIR diamonds in kimberlites and conditions of their mantle crystallization.Acta Geologica Sinica, Vol. 95, 1, pp. 121-124.Russiaindicator minerals
DS1998-1641
1998
Zinchouk, N.N.Zinchouk, N.N.New dat a about crusts of weathering on kimberlites of diamondiferousterritories.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1009-12.Russia, YakutiaMineral chemistry, weathering, Eluvial
DS1998-1642
1998
Zinchouk, N.N.Zinchouk, N.N., Boris, Y.I.Erosional section of kimberlite bodies and the scales of placerdiamondiferousness.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1013-6.Russia, YakutiaMineral chemistry, weathering, Alluvial
DS1998-1643
1998
Zinchouk, N.N.Zinchouk, N.N., Boris, Y.I., Stegnitsky, Y.B.Specific features of kimberlite prospecting in various Lands cape geologicalconditions.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1017-9.Russia, Siberia, YakutiaMineral chemistry, weathering, Prospecting
DS1998-1644
1998
Zinchouk, N.N.Zinchouk, N.N., Dukardt, Y.A., Boris, Y.I.Specific features of zoning of ancient platforms' territories according To the degree of perspectiveness7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1020-23.Russia, Siberia, YakutiaTectonic metamorphic stages, Craton
DS1998-1645
1998
Zinchouk, N.N.Zinchouk, N.N., Koptil, V.I., Boris, Y.I.Ancient platforms' diamond typomorphism (on the example of SiberianPlatform).7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1024-7.Russia, Siberia, YakutiaDiamond morphology
DS1998-1646
1998
Zinchouk, N.N.Zinchouk, N.N., Zuev, V.M., Mitioukhine, S.I.Regional zoning of Territories according to the level of primary diamond sources diamondiferousness.7th International Kimberlite Conference Abstract, pp. 1028-30.Russia, Siberia, YakutiaDiamond genesis
DS1986-0539
1986
ZinchukMazykin, V.V., Mattyash, I.V., Kvasnitska, V.N., Argunov, K.P., ZinchukESR spectra of neutron irradiated diamonds.(Russian)Dopl. Akad. Nauk UKR. B.Geol, (Russian), No. 10, pp. 10-12GlobalMineralogy
DS2000-0006
2000
ZinchukAfanasev, V.P., Pokhilenko, Loginova, Zinchuk, EfimovaProblem of false kimberlite indicators: a new morphogenetic type Cr spinellide Diamondiferous areas.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol.41,12,pp.1676-89., Vol.41,12,pp.1676-89.RussiaGeochemistry - indicators, Chrome spinellide
DS2000-0007
2000
ZinchukAfanasev, V.P., Pokhilenko, Loginova, Zinchuk, EfimovaProblem of false kimberlite indicators: a new morphogenetic type Cr spinellide Diamondiferous areas.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol.41,12,pp.1676-89., Vol.41,12,pp.1676-89.RussiaGeochemistry - indicators, Chrome spinellide
DS2001-0005
2001
ZinchukAfanasev, V.P., Zinchuk, Pkhilenko, Krivonos, YanyginKarst role in the formation of diamond placers of the Muno Markhinskii interfluve Yakutsk diamond provinceGeol. Ore Depos., Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 234-8.Russia, SiberiaAlluvials, Geomorphology
DS2002-0601
2002
ZinchukGorshkov, A.I., Zinchuk, Kotelnikov, ShlykovA new ordered mixed layer lizardite saponite mineral from South African kimberlitesDoklady, Vol.382, 1, Jan-Feb.pp. 86-90.South AfricaMineralogy
DS200512-0100
2004
ZinchukBogatikov, O.A., Kononova, V.A., Golubeva, Zinchuk, Ilupin, Rotman, Levsky, Ovchinnikova, KondrashovVariations in chemical and isotopic compositions of the Yakutian kimberlites and their causes.Geochemistry International, Vol. 42, 9, pp. 799-821.Russia, Siberia, YakutiaGeochemistry
DS200712-1246
2007
Zinchuk, N.Zinchuk, N., Koptil, V.Mineralogy of diamonds from the Ozernaya pipe, Ottorzhenets body, Pervomaiskaya and Novogodnyaya veins, Yakutia.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 49, 4, August pp. 308-317.Russia, YakutiaDeposit - Ozernaya
DS201412-1034
2014
Zinchuk, N.Zinchuk, N.Mineralogical specific features of altered kimberlites.30th. International Conference on Ore Potential of alkaline, kimberlite and carbonatite magmatism. Sept. 29-, RussiaKimberlite
DS200512-0344
2005
Zinchuk, N.NGladkov, A.S., Zinchuk, N.N, Bornyakov, S.A., Sherman, S.I., Manakov, A.V., Matrosov, V.A., Garat, DzyubaNew dat a on the internal structure and formation mechanism of kimberlite hosting fault zones in the Malaya Botuoba region, Yakutian Diamondiferous provinceDoklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 402, 4, pp. 520-23.Russia, YakutiaTectonics, structure, Malaya Botuoba
DS1975-0439
1976
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Khar'kiv, A.D.Comparative Characteristics of Chlorite from Kimberlites And Surrounding Kimberlite Rock Pipes of the World.Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Izvest. Geol. Razved., No. 1976, No. 8, PP. 25-32.RussiaBlank
DS1980-0356
1980
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kostina, L.E., Serenko, V.P., et al.The composition of the groundmass and secondary minerals in the Kimberlites of the Sytkan pipe.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 62-69.RussiaMineral Chemistry, Deposit - Sytykan
DS1981-0443
1981
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N.The Mineral Composition of Kelyphite Rims on Garnets from Kimberlites.Zap. Vses. Min. Obshch., Vol. 110, No. 1, PP. 70-76.RussiaKimberlite, Vilyuy Synclise
DS1982-0326
1982
Zinchuk, N.N.Khmelevskii, V.A., Zinchuk, N.N.Post sedimentational Alterations of the Mesozoic Sedimentary deposits in the Northern Part of the Angara Vilyui River Basin.Soviet Geology And Geophysics, Vol. 23, No. 4, PP. 20-25.Russia, YakutiaDiamond, Marine Placer Deposits, Malaya-botuobiya
DS1982-0427
1982
Zinchuk, N.N.Melnik, Y.M., Zinchuk, N.N., Kharkiv, A.D.Principal Associations of Secondary Minerals in Yakutian Kimberlitic Rocks.Mineral. Sbornik L'vov, Vol. 36, No. 2, PP. 76-83.GlobalPetrology, Udachnaya, Tunguska
DS1982-0428
1982
Zinchuk, N.N.Melnik, YU.M., Zinchuk, N.N., Kharkiv, A.D.Principal associations of secondary minerals in Yakutiankimberliticrocks.(Russian)Mineral Sbornik (L'Vov), (Russian), Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 76-83RussiaBlank
DS1982-0657
1982
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N.Mineral Composition of Kelyphytic Rims on Garnets from Kimberlites.International Geology Review, Vol. 24, No. 3, PP. 354-358.Russia, Guinea, West AfricaMalo-botuoba, Alteration, Petrography, Pyrope, Garnet, Liberian
DS1982-0658
1982
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N.On the Main Sources of the Clay Minerals in the Diamond Bearing Mesozoic Continental Deposits of Western Yakutia.Soviet Geology And Geophysics, Vol. 23, No. 8, PP. 76-83.Russia, YakutiaGenesis
DS1982-0659
1982
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D., Sokolov, V.N.Variation of the Mineral Composition and Structural Features of the Kimberlites of Yakutia During Weathering.Soviet Geology And Geophysics, Vol. 23, No. 2, PP. 36-44.RussiaMineralogy, Geochemistry, Classification, Geomorphology
DS1982-0660
1982
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, I.M., Kharkiv, A.D.Pyroaurite in Yakutian Kimberlite Rocks and Its GenesisDoklady Academy of Sciences AKAD. NAUK SSSR., Vol. 267, No. 3, PP. 722-728.RussiaBlank
DS1983-0446
1983
Zinchuk, N.N.Melnik, Y.M., Zinchuk, N.N., Kharkiv, A.D.Morphology of Sulfide Crystals of Kimberlites of Yakutia.(russian)Mineral Sborn. (L'Vov), (Russian), Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 78-81RussiaSulphides
DS1983-0652
1983
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kharkiv, A.D., Kotelnikov, D.D., Dzyublo, A.D.Serpentine from Kimberlites of YakutiaAkad. Nauk Sssr Mineral. Muzey Im A.e. Fersmana., No. 31, PP. 65-81.Russia, YakutiaMineralogy
DS1983-0653
1983
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, I.M., Kharkiv, A.D.Features of the Composition and Genesis of Brucite from Yakutian Kimberlites.Doklady Academy of Sciences AKAD. NAUK SSSR., Vol. 269, No. 2, PP. 449-453.RussiaGenesis
DS1983-0654
1983
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, YU.M., Kharkiv, A.D.Some Laws Controlling the Distribution of Secondary Formations in Kimberlites of Yakutia Explempified by the Udachnaya Pipe.Geol. Geophysics Academy of Science Sssr Siberian Branch, No. 10, OCTOBER.RussiaGenesis
DS1983-0655
1983
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, YU.M., Kharkiv, A.D.Some Principles of Distribution of Secondary Formations in kimberlites of Yukutiaas Exemplified by the Udachnaya Pipe.Soviet Geology and GEOPHYS., Vol. 24, No. 10, PP. 88-94.RussiaKimberlite Genesis
DS1984-0406
1984
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Remizov, V.I.Distinctive Features of the Secondary Mineralization in Kimberlite Rocks of Guinea.Geologii i Geofiziki, No. 11, (299), NOVEMBER PP. 64-West Africa, GuineaMineralogy
DS1984-0407
1984
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Remizov, V.I.Some Distinctive Features of Secondary Mineralization in Kimberlites of Guinea.Soviet Geology And Geophysics, Vol. 25, No. 11, PP. 64-71.West Africa, GuineaMineralogy
DS1984-0408
1984
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D.., Zinchuk, N.N., Remizov, V.I.Some distinctive features of secondary mineralization in kimberlites ofGuineaSoviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 25, No. 11, pp. 64-71GuineaWeathering
DS1984-0513
1984
Zinchuk, N.N.Melnik, Y.M., Zinchuk, N.N., Kharkiv, A.D.Borates from Kimberlite from Yakutia.(russian)Mineral Sbornik (L'Vov), (Russian), Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 12-18RussiaBlank
DS1984-0798
1984
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, I.M., Kharkiv, A.D.First Occurrences of Ferroszaibelyite in Kimberlite RocksDoklady Academy of Sciences Nauk SSSR., Vol. 275, No. 2, PP. 459-464.RussiaMineralogy
DS1984-0799
1984
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, YU.M., Kharkiv, A.D.Pyroaurite in Kimberlitic Rocks of Yakutia and Its GenesisDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section., Vol. 267, No. 1-6, JUNE PP. 157-161.RussiaGenesis
DS1984-0800
1984
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, YU.M., Kharkiv, A.D.First Ferroszaibelyite Finds in Kimberlitic Rocks #2Doklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 275, No. 1-6, pp. 103-107RussiaMir Pipe, Boron, Mineral Chemistry
DS1984-0801
1984
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, YU.M., Kharkiv, A.D.Magnetite from Kimberlite from Yakutia.(russian)Mineral Sbornik (L'Vov), (Russian), Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 81-84RussiaBlank
DS1985-0001
1985
Zinchuk, N.N.Afanasev, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N., Boris, E.I.Characteristics of concentration of a kimberlite material inancient sedimentary deposits of Yakutia. (in Russian)Rudn. Spets. Osad. Form. Sib. Dalnego Vostoka, (in Russian), pp. 129-133RussiaBlank
DS1985-0023
1985
Zinchuk, N.N.Argunov, K.P., Zinchuk, N.N., Zuyev, V.M., Kvasnitsa, V.N.Carbonado and Imperfect Crystals Among Small Diamonds from kimberlites.Mineral. Zhurn., Vol. 7, No. 2, PP. 95-96.RussiaMineralogy, Microdiamonds
DS1985-0767
1985
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D., Boris, E.I., Faintsyen, G.KH.Ancient Weathered Crusts and Prospecting for Diamond DepositsBook Review in Soviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 26, No. 8, pp. 119-121RussiaBlank
DS1985-0768
1985
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, YU.M., Kharkiv, A.D.First Ferroszaibelyite Finds in Kimberlitic Rocks #1Doklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 275, July pp. 103-107RussiaYakutia, Mineralogy
DS1985-0769
1985
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, YU.M., Matsyuk, S.S., et al.Anhydrous Sulfates from the Kimberlites of Yakutia. (russian)Mineral. Sbornik., (Russian), Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 33-40RussiaBlank
DS1986-0435
1986
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D., Afanasyev, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N.Mineralogical mapping of potential diamond territories; basic method For the exploration of diamond deposits.(Russian)In: Mineralogical crystallography and its application mineral, pp. 30-37RussiaOre guides
DS1986-0437
1986
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D., Serenko, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N., Namchur, G.P., MelnikCarbon isotope composition of carbonates from deep horizons In the MirpipeGeochem. Internat, Vol. 23, No. 7, pp. 79-84RussiaIsotope, Geochronology
DS1986-0843
1986
Zinchuk, N.N.Voitkovskiy, Y.B., Zinchuk, N.N., et al.Study of iron bearing minerals in kimberlites by the Mossbauer-spectroscopy. (Russian)Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Geol., (Russian), No. 3, March pp. 85-99RussiaSpectroscopy
DS1986-0903
1986
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D., Podgaetskiy, A.V., Voitkovskiy, Yu.B.Sequence of variation on some iron containing minerals From kimberlites at differemt stage of supergene process.(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR (Russian), Vol. 290, No. 6, pp. 1467-1471RussiaMineralogy
DS1986-0904
1986
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, Y.M.Secondary minerals in the Mir kimberlite pipe and characteristics of their distribution. (Russian)Izv. Vyssh. Uch. Zaved., Geol. I Razved. (Russian), No. 4, pp. 54-62RussiaBlank
DS1986-0905
1986
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, Yu.M.Secondary minerals of kimberlites from the Mir pipe and their distribution patterns.(Russian)Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Geol. Razved., (Russian), No. 4, pp. 54-62GlobalMineralogy
DS1986-0906
1986
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, Yu.M.Pseudomorphs of chalcedony after pyrite.(Russian)Mineral. Sb. (Lvov), (Russian), Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 96-98RussiaKimberlite, Yakutia
DS1987-0001
1987
Zinchuk, N.N.Afanasev, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N.Minerogenesis of ancient placers of diamonds on the eastern edge of the Tunguska syncliseSoviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 79-84RussiaPlacers, Genesis
DS1987-0002
1987
Zinchuk, N.N.Afanasiev, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N.Metallogeny of old diamond placers of eastern frame of theTunguskasyneclise.(Russian)Geol. Geofiz.(Russian), No. 1, January ppRussiaBlank
DS1987-0346
1987
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D., Serenko, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N., Potapov, E.E.Xenoliths of deep seated rocks in the Mir pipe.(Russian)Izv. Akad. Nauk SSR ser. geol., (Russian), No. 1, pp. 290-37RussiaPetrology
DS1987-0833
1987
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kharkiv, A.D., Melnik, Yu.M., Movchan, N.P.Accessory minerals of kimberlite.(Russian)Izd. Nauka Dumka, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR, (in Russian), 284pRussiaBlank
DS1987-0834
1987
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kharkiv, A.D., Melnik, Yu.M., Movchan, N.P.Secondary minerals of kimberlites. (Russian)Naukova Dumka Kiev, (Russian), 284pRussiaBlank
DS1988-0354
1988
Zinchuk, N.N.Khitrov, V.G., Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D.Petrochemical zonation of Udachnaya pipe.(Russian)Geol. Rudy. Mestoroz., (Russian), Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 36-46RussiaGeochemistry
DS1988-0355
1988
Zinchuk, N.N.Khitrov, V.G., Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D.New dat a on petrochemical pecularities of Udachnaia pipe kimberlites(Yakutia).(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 302, No. 5, pp. 1220-1224RussiaGeochemistry, Udachnaia
DS1988-0709
1988
Zinchuk, N.N.Tsyganov, V.A., Zinchuk, N.N., Afasyev, P., Ovichinnikov, L.N.Express estimation of open and semi-open regions with complexTheory Practice of Geoch. Explor.Modern Conditions, IV All Union Meet, Vol. 7, pp. 140-141. (Russian)RussiaGeochemistry, Kimberlites
DS1988-0782
1988
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D., Podgayetskiy, A.V., VoytkovskiySequence of alteration of some iron bearing kimberlite minerals indifferent stages of the supergene processDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 290, No. 1-6, March pp. 196-199RussiaMagnetics, Geophysics, Yakutia
DS1988-0783
1988
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, Yu.M., Antonyuk, B.P.Bitumens from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe.(Russian)Izv. Vyssch. Uchebn. Zaved., Geol. Razved., (Russian), No. 12, pp. 21-27RussiaBitumens, Deposit -Udachnaya
DS1989-0768
1989
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D., Kvasnitsa, V.N., Safronov, A.F., Zinchuk, N.N.Typomorphism of diamond and associated minerals from kimberlites.(Russian)Naukova Dumka Kiev Publishing (Russian), 181pRussiaKimberlite mineralogy, TypomorphisM.
DS1989-1684
1989
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kriuchkovalski, A.I., Melnik, I.M.Change of kimberlites at the contact with dolerites(exemplified byYakutia).(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 307, No. 4, pp. 954-957RussiaAlteration
DS1989-1685
1989
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Sololeva, S.V., Kotelnikov, D.D., Antonyuk, B.P.Characteristics of phyllosilicates from Kimberlites and their country rocks in the zones of active exposure to traprock magmatism (Yakutia).(Russian)Doklady Academy of Sciences Akademy Nauk SSSR, (Russian), Vol. 305, No. 5, pp. 1199-1202RussiaAlteration
DS1990-0234
1990
Zinchuk, N.N.Bratus, M.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Argunov, K.P., Svoren, Y.M.Composition of fluid inclusions in Yakutian diamond crystals.(Russian)Mineral. Zhurn., (Russian), Vol. 12, No. 4, August pp. 49-56RussiaDiamond morphology, Diamond inclusions
DS1990-0826
1990
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Bogatykh, M.M., Romanov, N.N.A kimberlite pipe model for the Yakutskaya diamond province.(Russian)Sov. Geol., (Russian), No. 1, pp. 23-29RussiaModel -genesis, Yakutskaya province
DS1990-1637
1990
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N.Distribution of secondary minerals in kimberlitic rocks of Yakutia.(Russian)Izves. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., (Russian), No. 5, May pp. 70-83RussiaMineralogy, Kimberlite
DS1990-1638
1990
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Soboleva, S.V., Kotelnikov, D.D., Antonyuk, B.P.Properties of layer silicates from kimberlite and host rocks in zones actively affected by trap magmatism (illustrated by Yakutia)Doklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 305, No. 2, Sept. pp. 160-162RussiaKimberlite, Skarns
DS1991-0166
1991
Zinchuk, N.N.Bratus, M.D., Svoren, I.M., Zinchuk, N.N., Argunov, K.P.Fluid inclusion gas components in the different morphological types Of diamonds from Yakutia.(Russian)Geochemistry International (Geokhimiya), (Russian), No. 11, pp. 1586-1595Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology, Geochemistry, inclusions
DS1991-1606
1991
Zinchuk, N.N.Smirnov, G.I., Kharkiv, A.D., Zinchuk, N.N.On the problem of vertical zoning of kimberlite bodies (on the example ofLesotho)Proceedings of Fifth International Kimberlite Conference held Araxa June 1991, Servico Geologico do Brasil (CPRM) Special, pp. 551-552LesothoMineralogy, Criteria
DS1991-1937
1991
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N.Normative quantities of calcite and dolomite in Yakutian kimberlites(Udachnaya pipe as case in point)Soviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 32, No. 5, pp. 59-65Russia, YakutiaCalcite, dolomite, Deposit -Udachnaya
DS1991-1938
1991
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kryuchkov, A.I., Melnik, Yu.M.Alteration of kimberlite at the contact with dolerite as in YakutiaDoklady Academy of Sciences, Earth Sci. Section, Vol. 307, No. 1-6, pp. 148-151RussiaMineralogy, metamorphism
DS1991-1939
1991
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Zuenko, V.V., Kharkiv, A.D.An attempt of petrochemical mapping of kimberlite rocks (exemplified by the Zapolyatnaya and Novinka pipes in the Upper-Muna region, Yakutia)Soviet Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 32, No. 11, pp. 62-69Russia, YakutiaPetrology, Deposits -Zapolyatnaya, Novinka
DS1992-0158
1992
Zinchuk, N.N.Bratus, M.D., Svoren, Y.M., Zinchuk, N.N., Argunov, K.P.Gas components of inclusions in Yakutian diamondsGeochemistry International, Vol. 29, No. 6, pp. 69-78Russia, YakutiaDiamond inclusions, Geochemistry
DS1992-0859
1992
Zinchuk, N.N.Khitrov, V.G., Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D.Use of cluster analysis to identify weathering patterns in rocksofvarious compositionsDoklady Academy of Science USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 296, No. 1, January pp. 221-224.RussiaLaterite, Weathering
DS1993-1675
1993
Zinchuk, N.N.Viytkovskiy, Yu.B., Podgayetskiy, A.V., Zinchuk, N.N., KotelnikovIlmenite xenoliths and groundmass of kimberlite from the Mir and Sytykanskaya pipes.Doklady Academy of Sciences USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 317, pp. 191-195.Russia, YakutiaXenolith mineralogy, Deposits
DS1993-1684
1993
Zinchuk, N.N.Voytkovskiy, Yu.B., Podgayetskiy, A.V., Zinchuk, N.N., KotelnikovIlmenite in xenoliths and groundmass of kimberlite from the Mir and Sytykanskaya pipes.Doklady Academy of Sciences USSR, Earth Science Section, Vol. 317, No. 5, pp. 191-195.Russia, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), YakutiaXenoliths, Malaya Botuobiya field
DS1993-1826
1993
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N.Laboratory techniques for investigating the composition of kimberlites with reference to prospecting and development of primary alluvial diamond deposits.Diamonds of Yakutia, pp. 71-72.Russia, YakutiaAlluvials
DS1993-1827
1993
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N.The Yakutian geological research and prospecting department of the Almazy Rossii Sakha Co.: history, structure, research trends and personnel.Diamonds of Yakutia, pp. 115-118.Russia, YakutiaProspecting
DS1993-1828
1993
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N.Comparative characteristics of weathering crust composition of Kimberlite rocks in the Siberian and East-European platforms.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 82-90.Russia, Yakutia, SiberiaGeochemistry, Weathering, geomorphology
DS1994-0904
1994
Zinchuk, N.N.Kharkiv, A.D., Zinchuk, N.N.Identification atlas of rocks and minerals specific to kimberlitic diamonddeposits... brief overview of atlas.Handout at Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada (PDAC)., pp. 136-141.RussiaAtlas overview, Kimberlitic diamond deposits
DS1994-1999
1994
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Boris, E.I.Formations of buried weathering crusts and resedimentation with the search of kimberlites.Russian Acad. of Sciences, Placers and weathered rock, Nov. 2p.Russia, YakutiaDiamonds, Placers, alluvials
DS1995-0549
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Fomin, A.S., Serenko, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N.Three series of kimberlite bodies from Dadlyn-Alakit region of westernSiberia.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Extended Abstracts, p. 167-8.Russia, Siberia, Daldyn AlakitTectonics, Deposit -Aikal, Komsomolskaya
DS1995-0947
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Khitov, V.G., Kharkiv, A.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D.Application of cluster analysis to describe the features of chemical composition -different provincesProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Almazy Rossii Sakha abstract, p. 16.Russia, Yakutia, East European PlatformGeochemistry -cluster analysis, Deposits
DS1995-0996
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Koptil, V.I., Banzeruk, V.I., Zinchuk, N.N., Kruchkov etalTypomorphism of diamonds from kimberlite bodies and placers of the Yakutian diamondiferous province.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 287-288.Russia, YakutiaDiamond morphology, Alluvials
DS1995-0997
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Koptil, V.I., Kryuchkov, A.I., Zinchuk, N.N.Prediction of new primary diamond deposits: diamond typomorphism implications ...Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Almazy Rossii Sakha abstract, p. 23.Russia, YakutiaMineralogy, alluvials, Diamond morphology
DS1995-1008
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Kotelnikov, D.D., Dombrovskya, Zh.V., Zinchuk, N.N.Major regularities of weathering of silicate rocks of various chemical and mineralogical types.Lithology and mineral resources, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 539-544.RussiaLaterites, Kimberlite, silicates
DS1995-1975
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Vasilenko, V.B., Zinchuk, N.N., Kuznetsova, L.G.Chemism and diamond content of kimberlites of YakutiaRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 36, No. 9, pp. 68-78.Russia, YakutiaPetrochemistry, geochemistry, Kimberlites, diamond genesis
DS1995-1976
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Vasilenko, V.B., Zinchuk, N.N., Kuznetsova, L.G., et al.Petrochemical types of kimberlites of the major diamond deposits ofYakutia.Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 650-652.Russia, YakutiaGeochemistry, Basaltoid kimberlites
DS1995-2149
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Afanasiev, V.P.Genetic types and main tendencies for Diamondiferous placers formationProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Almazy Rossii Sakha abstract, p. 36.Russia, YakutiaPlacers, alluvials, Deposit -Siberian Platform
DS1995-2150
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, Yu. M.To the formation of serpentine in kimberlite pipesProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Almazy Rossii Sakha abstract, p. 12, 13.Russia, YakutiaAlteration - kimberlites, Serpentinization
DS1995-2151
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Melnik, Yu.M.Some aspects of the kimberlite bodies formationProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Almazy Rossii Sakha abstract, p. 18.Russia, YakutiaMagma - glass, Meimmechites
DS1995-2152
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Savko, A.D.Comparison of weathering crusts from the East European and SiberianPlatform: implications for searching..Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Almazy Rossii Sakha abstract, p. 17.Russia, Yakutia, East European PlatformAlluvials, placers, Weathering, eluviuM.
DS1995-2153
1995
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Specius, Z.V., Zuev, V.M., Romanov, N.N.The experience of mineralogic petrographic mapping of kimberlite pipesProceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Abstracts, pp. 698-699.Russia, YakutiaPetrography, Deposit -Mir, Udachnaya
DS1996-1469
1996
Zinchuk, N.N.Vasilenko, V.B., Zinchuk, N.N., et al.Petrochemistry and diamond content of Yakutian kimberlitesDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 340, No. 2, March., pp. 156-161.Russia, YakutiaPetrology, Diamond content
DS1996-1470
1996
Zinchuk, N.N.Vasilenko, V.B., Zinchuk, N.N., Kuznetsova, L.G., SerenkoPetrochemical model of the Mir kimberlite pipeRussian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 88-101.RussiaGeochemistry, petrology, model, Deposit -Mir
DS1997-0125
1997
Zinchuk, N.N.Bratus, M.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Svoren, I.M., Argunov, K.Gases from Yakutian polycrystalline diamondsDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 355, No. 5, Jun-July pp. 757-9.Russia, YakutiaDiamond inclusions
DS1998-0008
1998
Zinchuk, N.N.Afanasev, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N., Koptil, V.I.Diamond polygenesis: evidence for the native sources of placers of northeastern Siberian PlatformDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 361A, No. 6, pp. 761-4.Russia, SiberiaAlluvials, placers, Genesis, origin
DS1998-0159
1998
Zinchuk, N.N.Bratus, M.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Krouse, G.R., Vityk, M.O.Crystallization conditions and sulfur, carbon and oxygen isotopic systematics of sulfide calcite AssociationGeochemistry International, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 222-228.Russia, YakutiaGeology, diamond morphology, fluid inclusions, Deposit - Udachnaya, Geochronology
DS1998-1382
1998
Zinchuk, N.N.Sonin, V.M., Chepurov, A.I., Afasev, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N.The origin of discoid sculptures on diamond crystalsDoklady Academy of Sciences, Vol. 361, No. 5, pp. 635-7.GlobalDiamond morphology
DS1999-0001
1999
Zinchuk, N.N.Afanasev, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N.Main lithodynamic types of dispersion haloes of index kimberlite mineral sand environments of their formationGeo. Ore Dep., Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 252-RussiaGeochemistry, Lithogeochemistry, indicator minerals
DS2000-0976
2000
Zinchuk, N.N.Vasilenko, V.B., Zinchuk, N.N., Kuznetsova, L.G.Autolithic kimberlites as products of the viscous differentiation of kimberlite melts in diatremes.Petrology, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 495-504.RussiaKimberlite - diatremes, magmatism
DS2001-1052
2001
Zinchuk, N.N.Serov, I.V., Garanin, V.K., Zinchuk, N.N., Rotman, A.Ye.Mantle sources of the kimberlite volcanism of the Siberian PlatformPetrology, Vol.9, No. 6, pp. 576-88.Russia, Siberia, YakutiaGeochemistry - major, trace, ratios, mantle metasomatism, analyses, Deposit - Middle Markha, Daldyn-Alakit, Upper Muna
DS2001-1196
2001
Zinchuk, N.N.Vasilenko, V.B., Zinchuk, N.N., Kuznetsova, L.G.On the correlation between the compositions of mantle inclusions and petrochemical varieties of kimberlitesPetrology, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 179-189.Russia, YakutiaDiatremes - geochemistry
DS2002-0602
2002
Zinchuk, N.N.Gorshkov, A.I., Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D., Shlykov, V.G., ZhukhlistovA new ordered mixed layer lizardite saponite mineral from South African kimberliteDoklady Earth Sciences, Vol.382,1,pp.86-90.South AfricaMineralogy, Deposit -
DS2002-1634
2002
Zinchuk, N.N.Valislenko, V.B., Zinchuk, N.N., Krasavchikov, V.G., Kuznetsova, L.G.Diamond potential estimation based on kimberlite major element chemistryJournal of Geochemical Exploration, Vol. 76, 2, pp. 93-112.Russia, YakutiaChemistry, diamond grade, whole rock composition, Exploration - techniques
DS2003-1563
2003
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Kotelnikov, D.D., Gorshkov, A.I.Identification and genesis of the mixed layer lizardite saponite phase in a kimberlite pipeLithology and Mineral Resources, Vol. 38, 1, pp. 74-81.South AfricaPetrography
DS200412-2231
2004
Zinchuk, N.N.Zhukhlistov, A.P., Kotelnikov, D.D., Zinchuk, N.N.Association of simple (1T, 3R) and complex six layer Lizardite polytypes in the Katoka kimberlite pipe, Angola.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 396, 4, pp. 551-555.Africa, AngolaMineralogy - Katoka
DS200412-2235
2004
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Koptil, V.I.Mineralogy of diamonds from the Yubileinaya pipe ( Yakutia).Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 46, 2, pp. 135-149.Russia, YakutiaDiamond - mineralogy, Jubilenya
DS200512-0004
2004
Zinchuk, N.N.Afanasiev, V.P., Griffin, W.L., Natapov, L.M., Zinchuk, N.N., Matukhin, R.G., Mikrtychiyan, G.A.Diamond prospects in the southwestern flank of the Tungusk synclise.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 47, 1, pp. 45-62.Russia, YakutiaDaldyn, Tychany, geochemistry
DS200512-0911
2002
Zinchuk, N.N.Rosen, O.M., Serenko, V.P., Spetsius, Z.V., Manakov, A.V., Zinchuk, N.N.Yakutian kimberlite province: position in the structure of the Siberian Craton and composition of the upper and lower crust.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 45, 1, pp. 1-24.Russia, SiberiaTectonics
DS200512-1129
2005
Zinchuk, N.N.Vasilenko, V.B., Zinchuk, N.N.Mantle plumes as a determining factor of vertical migration of magma generation zones, fixed from the bulk kimberlite compositions.Plumes and problems of deep sources of alkaline magmatism, pp. 96-114.MantleMagmatism
DS200512-1264
2004
Zinchuk, N.N.Zinchuk, N.N., Koptil, V.I., Gurkina, G.A., Kharrasov, M.K.Study of optically active centres in diamonds from Uralian placers: an attempt to locate their primary deposits.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 45, 2, pp. 226-234.Russia, UralsDiamond morphology, alluvials
DS200612-0365
2005
Zinchuk, N.N.Egorov, K.N., Rotman, A.Y., Zinchuk, N.N., Nosyko, S.F.Petrochemical composition of kimberlites in northeastern Angola.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 403A, 6, pp. 891-895.Africa, AngolaGeochemistry
DS200612-0737
2005
Zinchuk, N.N.Kotelnikov, D.D., Zinchuk, N.N., Zhukhistov, A.P.Stages of serpentine and phlogopite transformation in the Catoca kimberlite pipe, Angola.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 403A, 6, pp. 866-869.Africa, AngolaPetrology - Catoca
DS201012-0002
2009
Zinchuk, N.N.Afanasev, V.P., Zinchuk, N.N., Logvinova, A.M.Distribution of placer diamonds related to Precambrian sources.Geology of Ore Deposits, Vol. 51, 8, pp. 675-683.RussiaAlluvials
DS201602-0206
2016
Zinchuk, N.N.Grakhanov, S.A., Zinchuk, N.N., Sobolev, N.V.The age of predictable primary diamond sources in the northeastern Siberian platform.Doklady Earth Sciences, Vol. 465, 2, pp. 1297-1301.Russia, SiberiaDeposit - Malokuonapskaya

Abstract: The U-Pb (SHRIMP) age was determined for zircons collected from 26 observation and sampling sites of diamonds and index minerals in the northeastern Siberian Platform. This part of the region hosts 15 low-diamondiferous Paleozoic and Mesozoic kimberlite fields, excluding the near economic Triassic Malokuonapskaya pipe in the Kuranakh field. Four epochs of kimberlite formation (Silurian, Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous, Middle to Late Triassic, and Middle to Late Jurassic) of the Siberian Platform, including its northeastern part, are confirmed as a result of our studies. Most observation points, including economic Quaternary diamond placers, contain Middle to Late Triassic zircons, which confirms the abundant Late Triassic volcanism in this region. The positive correlation of diamonds and major index minerals of kimberlites (mostly, garnets) at some observation sites indicates the possible Triassic age of the predictable diamondiferous kimberlites.
DS202204-0524
2022
Zinchuk, N.N.Kedrova, T.V., Bogush, I.N., Zinchuk, N.N., Bardukhinov, L.D., Lipashova, A.N., Saltykova, V.P.Diamond placers of the Nakyn kimberlite field.Russian Geology and Geophysics, Vol. 63, 3, pp. 245-254.Russiadeposit - Nakyn

Abstract: The paper presents the results of studies of diamonds from Early Jurassic sediments making up the Nyurbinskoe buried placer of the Nakyn kimberlite field, unique in diamond reserves. The main task is to identify diamond distribution patterns in the deposits of the Dyakhtar Stratum (lower deposit) and the Ukugut Suite (upper deposit) within the placer. A comparative analysis of the typomorphic features of diamonds from the upper and lower deposits of the placer was carried out. Variations in the contents of crystals with certain properties that form the image of a diamond-bearing geologic object have been revealed. The zonal distribution of diamonds by characteristics in sedimentary deposits, regardless of their age, has been established. The properties of diamonds and their associations change within the placer, which is due to their redeposition during the Early Jurassic sedimentation.
DS1995-0102
1995
Zinchuk, V.Banzeruk, V.I., Kvasnitsa, V.N., Koptil, V.I., Zinchuk, V.Comprehensive study of diamonds from difficult to dress source material. #2Proceedings of the Sixth International Kimberlite Conference Extended Abstracts, p. 32-33.Russia, YakutiaMine
 
 

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