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SDLRC - Region: Iceland - All


The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Technical, Media and Corporate Articles based on Major Region - Iceland
The Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation is compiled by Patricia Sheahan who publishes on a monthly basis a list of new scientific articles related to diamonds as well as media coverage and corporate announcements called the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service that is distributed as a free pdf to a list of followers. Pat has kindly agreed to allow her work to be made available as an online digital resource at Kaiser Research Online so that a broader community interested in diamonds and related geology can benefit. The references are for personal use information purposes only; when available a link is provided to an online location where the full article can be accessed or purchased directly. Reproduction of this compilation in part or in whole without permission from the Sheahan Diamond Literature Service is strictly prohibited. Return to Diamond Region Index
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Scientific Articles by Author for all years
A-An Ao+ B-Bd Be-Bk Bl-Bq Br+ C-Cg Ch-Ck Cl+ D-Dd De-Dn Do+ E F-Fn Fo+ G-Gh Gi-Gq Gr+ H-Hd He-Hn Ho+ I J K-Kg Kh-Kn Ko-Kq Kr+ L-Lh
Li+ M-Maq Mar-Mc Md-Mn Mo+ N O P-Pd Pe-Pn Po+ Q R-Rh Ri-Rn Ro+ S-Sd Se-Sh Si-Sm Sn-Ss St+ T-Th Ti+ U V W-Wg Wh+ X Y Z
Sheahan Diamond Literature Reference Compilation - Media/Corporate References by Name for all years
A B C D-Diam Diamonds Diamr+ E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Each article reference in the SDLRC is tagged with one or more key words assigned by Pat Sheahan to highlight the main topics of the article. In addition most references have been tagged with one or more region words. In an effort to make it easier for users to track down articles related to a specific region, KRO has extracted these region words and developed a list of major region words presented in the Major Region Index to which individual region words used in the article reference have been assigned. Each individual Region Report contains in chronological order all the references with a region word associated with the Major Region word. Depending on the total for each reference type - technical, media and corporate - the references will be either in their own technical, media or corporate Region Report, or combined in a single report. Where there is a significant number of technical references there will be a technical report dedicated to the technical articles while the media and corporate references are combined in a separate region report. References that were added in the most recent monthly update are highlighted in yellow within the Region Report. The Major Region words have been defined by a scale system of "general", "continent", "country", "state or province" and "regional". Major Region words at the smaller scales have been created only when there are enough references to make isolating them worthwhile. References not tagged with a Region are excluded, and articles with a region word not matched with a Major Region show up in the "Unknown" report.
Kimberlite - diamondiferous Lamproite - diamondiferous Lamprophyre - diamondiferous Other - diamondiferous
Kimberlite - non diamondiferous Lamproite - non diamondiferous Lamprophyre - non diamondiferous Other - non diamondiferous
Kimberlite - unknown Lamproite - unknown Lamprophyre - unknown Other - unknown
Future Mine Current Mine Former Mine Click on icon for details about each occurrence. Works best with Google Chrome.
CITATION: Faure, S, 2010, World Kimberlites CONSOREM Database (Version 3), Consortium de Recherche en Exploration Minérale CONSOREM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Numerical Database on consorem.ca. NOTE: This publicly available database results of a compilation of other public databases, scientific and governmental publications and maps, and various data from exploration companies reports or Web sites, If you notice errors, have additional kimberlite localizations that should be included in this database, or have any comments and suggestions, please contact the author specifying the ID of the kimberlite: [email protected]
Iceland - Technical, Media and Corporate
Posted/
Published
AuthorTitleSourceRegionKeywords
DS1985-0642
1985
Steinthorsson, S.Icelandic Alkaline RocksConference Report of The Meeting of The Volcanic Studies Gro, 1P. ABSTRACT.Scandinavia, IcelandGeochemistry
DS1998-0616
1998
Herzberg, C., O'Hara, M.J.Phase equilibrium constraints on the origin of basalts, picrites andkomatiites.Earth Science Reviews, Vol. 44, No. 1-2, July pp. 39-79.South Africa, IcelandPeridotites, Craton, lithosphere, mantle plumes, Petrology, Picrites
DS2001-0716
2001
Maclennan, J., McKenzie, D.M., Gronvold, K.Plume driven upwelling under central IcelandEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 194, No. 1-2, pp. 67-82.IcelandHot spots, Herdubreid region, Northern Volcanic Zone
DS2001-1086
2001
Skovgaard, A.C., Storey, M., Baker, Blusztajn, HartOsmium oxygen isotopic evidence for a recycled and strongly depleted component in the Iceland mantle plumeEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 194, No. 1-2, pp. 259-75.IcelandPlume, Geochronology
DS2002-0025
2002
Allen, R.M., Nolet, G., Morgan, W.J., Vogfjord, K., Bergsson, B.H., et al.Imaging the mantle beneath Iceland using integrated seismological techniquesJournal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 107, No. 11, Dec. 06, 10.1029/2001JB000595IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS2002-0201
2002
Breddam, K.Kistufell: primitive melt from the Iceland mantle plumeJournal of Petrology, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 345-74.IcelandPlume, hot spot
DS2002-1297
2002
Ragnarsson, S., Stefansson, R.Plume driven plumbing and crustal formation in IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research, August 10: 1029/2001JB000584IcelandTectonics, Hot spots
DS2002-1457
2002
Shen, Y., Solomon, S.C., Bjarnason, Nolet, MorganSeismic evidence for a tilted mantle plume and north south mantle flow beneath IcelandEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol.197,3-4,pp.261-77.IcelandTransition zones, discontinuities, convection
DS2002-1732
2002
Wolfe, C.J., Bjarnson, I.T., VanDecarm J.C., Solomon, S.Assessing the depth resolution of tomographic models of upper mantle structure beneath Iceland.Geophysical Research Letters, Vol.29, 2, pp. 21-4.IcelandTomography, Geophysics - seismics
DS2003-0009
2003
Al-Kindi, S., White, N., Sinha, M., England, R., Tiley, R.Crustal trace of a hot convective sheetGeology, Vol. 31, 3, pp. 207-10.IcelandGeophysics - seismics, Plumes, underplating, convection
DS2003-0417
2003
Foulger, G.R., Anderson, D.L.Iceland is cool: an origin for the Iceland volcanic province in the remelting of subductedJournal of Geothermal Research, IcelandBlank
DS2003-0418
2003
Foulger, G.R., Du, Z., Julian, B.R.Iclandic type crustGeophysical Journal International, IcelandBlank
DS2003-0420
2003
Foulger, G.R., Natland, J.H., Anderson, D.L.Iceland is fertile: the geochemistry of Icelandic lavas indicates extensive melting ofJournal of Geothermal Research, IcelandBlank
DS2003-0518
2003
Gudmundsson, O.The dense root of the Iceland crustEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 206, No. 3-4, pp. 427-40.IcelandMantle - tectonics
DS2003-0670
2003
Jones, S.M.Test of a ridge plume interaction model using oceanic crustal structure around IcelandEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 208, 3-4, pp. 205-218.IcelandTectonics
DS2003-0671
2003
Jones, S.M., White, N.Shape and size of the starting Iceland plume swellEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 3, pp. 271-82.IcelandHotspots
DS2003-0672
2003
Jones, S.M., White, N.Shape and size of the starting Iceland plume swellEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 3, Nov. 30, pp. 271-282.IcelandBlank
DS2003-0967
2003
Momme, P., Oskarsson, N., Keays, R.R.Platinum group elements in the Icelandic rift system: melting processes and mantleChemical Geology, Vol. 196, 1-4, pp. 209-34.IcelandPGE, Tectonics
DS2003-1003
2003
Nazarova, K.Magnetic petrology database for interpretation lithospheric magnetic anomaliesGeological Society of America, Annual Meeting Nov. 2-5, Abstracts p. 446.Iceland, Russia, UralsGeophysics
DS2003-1053
2003
Peate, D.W., Techer, O.Pb isotope evidence for contributions from different Iceland mantle components toLithos, Vol. 67, No. 1-2, March pp. 39-52.IcelandGeochornology - Blooseville Kyst area, Iceland plume
DS200412-0017
2003
Al-Kindi, S., White, N., Sinha, M., England, R., Tiley, R.Crustal trace of a hot convective sheet.Geology, Vol. 31, 3, pp. 207-10.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics Plumes, underplating, convection
DS200412-0432
2004
De Zeeuw van Dalfsen, E., Pedersen, R., Sigmundsson, F., Pagli, C.Satellite radar interferometry 1993-1999 suggest deep accumulation of magma near the crust mantle boundary at the Krafla volcaniGeophysical Research Letters, Vol.31, 13, July 16, 10.1029/2004 GL020059Europe, IcelandGeophysics - boundary
DS200412-0487
2004
Du, Z., Foulger, G.R.Surface wave waveform inversion for variation in upper mantle structure beneath Iceland.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 157, 1, pp. 305-314.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-0569
2003
Foulger, G.R., Anderson, D.L.Iceland is cool: an origin for the Iceland volcanic province in the remelting of subducted Iapetus slabs at normal mantle temperJournal of Geothermal Research, Vol. June 30p.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics, mantle, plume
DS200412-0570
2003
Foulger, G.R., Du, Z., Julian, B.R.Iclandic type crust.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 155, pp. 567-590.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics, mantle, plume
DS200412-0572
2003
Foulger, G.R., Natland, J.H., Anderson, D.L.Iceland is fertile: the geochemistry of Icelandic lavas indicates extensive melting of subducted Iapetus crust in the CaledonianJournal of Geothermal Research, Vol. June 27p.Europe, IcelandEclogite, volcanism, subduction
DS200412-0859
2004
Hung, S-H., Shen, Y., Chiao, L-Y.Imaging seismic velocity structure beneath the Iceland hot spot: a finite element frequency analysis.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, B8 August 11 10.1029/2003 JB002889Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS200412-0929
2003
Jones, S.M.Test of a ridge plume interaction model using oceanic crustal structure around Iceland.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 208, 3-4, pp. 205-218.Europe, IcelandTectonics
DS200412-0930
2003
Jones, S.M., White, N.Shape and size of the starting Iceland plume swell.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 216, 3, pp. 271-82.Europe, IcelandHotspots
DS200412-1229
2004
Marquart, G., Schmeling, H.A dynamic model for the Iceland plume and the north Atlantic based on tomography and gravity data.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 159, 1, pp. 40-52.Europe, IcelandGeodynamics, tectonics, geophysics - gravity
DS200412-1255
2004
McBride, J.H., White, R.S., Smallwood, J.R., England, R.W.Must magmatic intrusion in the lower crust produce reflectivity.Tectonophysics, Vol. 388, 1-4, Sept. 13, pp. 271-297.Europe, IcelandMantle plume, volcanism, geophysics - seismics
DS200412-1354
2003
Momme, P., Oskarsson, N.,Keays, R.R.Platinum group elements in the Icelandic rift system: melting processes and mantle sources beneath Iceland.Chemical Geology, Vol. 196, 1-4, pp. 209-34.Europe, IcelandPGE Tectonics
DS200412-1415
2003
Nazarova, K.Magnetic petrology database for interpretation lithospheric magnetic anomalies.Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting Nov. 2-5, Abstracts p. 446.Europe, Iceland, RussiaGeophysics
DS200412-1513
2004
Peate, D.W., Baker, J.A., Breddam, K., Waight, T.E., Skovgaard, A.C., Stecher, O., Prestvik, T., JonassonPb isotope heterogeneity of the mantle beneath Iceland.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 13th Goldschmidt Conference held Copenhagen Denmark, Vol. 68, 11 Supp. July, ABSTRACT p.A569.Europe, IcelandGeochronology
DS200412-1848
2004
Skovgaard, A.C.Two low u components in the Iceland mantle plume.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 13th Goldschmidt Conference held Copenhagen Denmark, Vol. 68, 11 Supp. July, ABSTRACT p.A567.Europe, IcelandGeochronology
DS200412-1932
2004
Storey, M., Pedersen, A.K., Stecher, O., Bernstein, S., Larsen, H.C., Larsen, L.M., Baker, Duncan, R.A.Long lived post breakup magmatism along the East Greenland margin: evidence for shallow mantle metasomatism by the Iceland plumeGeology, Vol. 32, 2, Feb. pp. 173-176.Europe, Greenland, IcelandMagmatism
DS200512-0012
2005
Allen, R.M., Xue, M.Constraining the geometry and flow of the Iceland mantle upwelling.www Chapman Conference held in Scotland August 28-Sept. 1 2005, 1p. abstractEurope, IcelandMantle plume
DS200512-0091
2005
Bjornsson, A., Eysteinsson, H., Beblo, M.Crustal formation and magma genesis beneath Iceland: magnetotelluric constraints.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, pp. 665-686. ( total book 861p. $ 144.00)Europe, IcelandMagmatism
DS200512-0229
2005
De Wit, M.J.Helmstaedtian cratons and greenstone belts.GAC Annual Meeting Halifax May 15-19, Abstract 1p.Europe, IcelandArchean - craton
DS200512-0292
2005
Fitton, G.Do hotspot basalts share a common mantle source?Chapman Conference held in Scotland August 28-Sept. 1 2005, 1p. abstractMantle, IcelandMantle plume
DS200512-0297
2005
Foulger, G.R.How hot is Iceland?Chapman Conference held in Scotland August 28-Sept. 1 2005, 1p. abstractMantle, IcelandMantle plume, geothermometry
DS200512-0298
2005
Foulger, G.R., Anderson, D.L.A cool model for the Iceland hotspot.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 141, 1-2, March 1, pp. 1-22.Europe, IcelandMagmatism, subduction, tectonics
DS200512-0299
2005
Foulger, G.R., Natland, J.H., Anderson, D.L.A source for Icelandic magmas in remelted Iapetus crust.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 141, 1-2, March 1, pp.23-44.Europe, IcelandRecycled, subduction, tectonics, plates, gechemistry
DS200512-0300
2005
Foulger, G.R., Natland, J.H., Anderson, D.L.Genesis of Iceland melt anomaly by plate tectonic processes.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, pp. 595-626. ( total book 861p. $ 144.00)Europe, IcelandTectonics - melting
DS200512-0404
2005
Harris, C., Murton, J.B.Cryospheric systems: glaciers and permafrost.Geological Society of London, SP 242, 168p.Europe, Greenland, IcelandBook - geomorphology, glacial tectonic
DS200512-0538
2005
King, S.D.North Atlantic topographic and geoid anomalies: the result of a narrow ocean basin and cratonic ridge?Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, pp. 653-664. ( total book 861p. $ 144.00)Europe, IcelandTectonics
DS200512-0620
2005
Lesher, C.E., Brown, E.L., Heister, L.E.Paleogene North Atlantic Igneous Province and the Iapetus connection.Chapman Conference held in Scotland August 28-Sept. 1 2005, 1p. abstractMantle, Europe, Iceland, GreenlandMantle plume
DS200512-0660
2005
Lundin, E.R., Dore, A.G.Fixity of the Iceland 'hotspot' on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: observational evidence, mechanisms, and implications for Atlantic volcanic margins.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, pp. 627-652. ( total book 861p. $ 144.00)Europe, IcelandTectonics
DS200512-0672
2005
MacPherson, C.G., Hilton, D.R., Day, J.M.D., Lowry, D., Gronvold, K.High He3 He4 depleted mantle and low delta18O recycled oceanic lithosphere in the source of central Iceland magmatism.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 233, 3-4, May 15, pp. 411-427.Europe, IcelandMagmatism, geochronology, recycling
DS200512-0772
2005
Natland, J.H.Influence of eclogite in mantle sources on hot spot temperatures.Chapman Conference held in Scotland August 28-Sept. 1 2005, 1p. abstractMantle, Europe, Iceland, GreenlandMantle plume, geothermometry
DS200512-0859
2005
Pilidou, S., Priestly, K., Debayle, E., Gudmundson, O.Rayleigh wave tomography in the North Atlantic: high resolution images of the Iceland, Azores and Eifel mantle plumes.Lithos, Vol. 79, 3-4, pp. 453-474.Europe, IcelandTomography
DS200512-0860
2004
Pilidou, SA., Priestley, K., Gudmundsson, O., Debayle, E.Upper mantle S-wave speed heterogeneity and anisotropy beneath the North Atlantic from regional surface wave tomography: the Iceland and Azores plumes.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 159, 3, pp. 1057-1076.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS200512-0874
2005
Presnall, D.C., Gudfinnsson, G.H.MORB major element systematics: implications for melting models and mantle temperatures.Chapman Conference held in Scotland August 28-Sept. 1 2005, 1p. abstractMantle, IcelandMantle plume, geothermometry
DS200512-0884
2005
Putirka, K.D.Mantle potential temperature at Hawaii, Iceland, and the mid-Ocean Ridge system, as inferred from olivine phenocrysts: evidence thermally driven mantle plumesGeochemistry, Vol. 6, doi. 10.1029/2005 GC000915Europe, IcelandGeothermometry, thermobarometry
DS200512-0983
2006
Sigmundson, F.Iceland geodynamics.Springer, ISBN 3-540-24165-5 300p. $ 169. springeronline.comEurope, IcelandBook - plumes, volcanology
DS200512-1145
2005
Vinnick, L.P., Foulger, G.R., Du,Z.Seismic boundaries in the mantle beneath Iceland: a new constraint on temperature.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 160, 2, pp. 533-538.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS200512-1213
2005
Yang, T., Shen, Y.P wave velocity structure of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath Iceland from local earthquake tomography.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Advanced in press,Europe, IcelandMantle tomography, hot spot, plume
DS200612-0038
2006
Arnadottir, T., Jiang, W., Feigl, K.L., Geirsson, H., Sturkell, E.Kinematic models of plate boundary deformation in southwest Iceland derived from GPS observations.Journal of Geophysical Research,, Vol. 111, B7, B7402Europe, Iceland, mantleGeophysics - seismics
DS200612-0170
2006
Breivik, A.J., Mjelde, R., Faleide, Jl., Murai, Y.Rates of continental breakup magmatism and seafloor spreading in the Norway Basin Iceland plume interaction.Journal of Geophysical Research,, Vol. 111, B7, B7102,Europe, Iceland, NorwayMagmatism
DS200612-0356
2005
Du, Z., Vinnik, L.P., Foulger, G.R.Evidence from P to S mantle converted waves for a flat '660 km' discontinuity beneath Iceland.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 241, 1-2, pp. 271-280.Europe, IcelandPlume, boundary, hot spot
DS200612-0409
2006
Foulger, G.R.Older crust underlies Iceland.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 165, 2, pp. 672-676.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS200612-0646
2005
Jones, S.M., Maclennan, J.Crustal flow beneath Iceland.Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, B9 B09410Europe, IcelandTectonics
DS200612-0711
2006
Klausen, M.B.Geometry and mode of emplacement of dike swarms around the Birnudalstindur igneous centre, SE Iceland.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Vol. 151, 4, Mar. 15, pp. 340-356.Europe, IcelandDikes, magmatism
DS200612-0723
2006
Kokfelt, T.F., Hoernle, K., Hauff, F., Fiebig, J., Werner, R., Garbe-Schonberg, D.Combined trace element and Pb Nd Sr and O isotope evidence for recycled oceanic crust ( upper and lower) in the Iceland mantle plume.Journal of Petrology, Vol. 47, 9, Sept. pp. 1705-1749.Europe, IcelandGeochronology, subduction
DS200612-1236
2006
Schlindwein, V.On the use of teleseismic receiver functions for studying the crustal structure of Iceland.Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 164, 3, pp; 551-568.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS200612-1318
2006
Skilling, I.Interpreting explosive eruption and primary depositional processes from kimberlitic intra-crater deposits.Emplacement Workshop held September, 2p. abstractAfrica, South Africa, Europe, IcelandClast distribution
DS200612-1384
2006
Stracke, A., Bourdon, B., McKenzie, D.Melt extraction in the Earth's mantle: constraints from U Th Pa Ra studies in oceanic basalts.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 244, 1-2, Apr. 15, pp. 97-112.Europe, IcelandGeodynamic melting
DS200612-1421
2006
Thirwall, M.F., Gee, M.A., Lowry, D., Mattey, D.P., Murton, B.J., Taylor, R.N.Low 180 in the Icelandic mantle and its origins: evidence from Reykjanes Ridge and Icelandic lavas.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, 4, pp. 993-1019.Europe, IcelandGeochronology
DS200712-0101
2007
Brandon, A.D., Graham, D.W., Waight, T., Gautason, B.188 Os amd 187 Os enrichments and high 3He 4He sources in the Earth's mantle evidence from Iclandic picrites.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, 18, Sept. pp. 4570-91.Europe, IcelandPicrite
DS200712-0102
2007
Brandon, A.D., Graham, D.W., Waight, T., Gautason, B.Os He isotope systematics of Iceland picrites: evidence for a deep origin of the Iceland plume.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A119.Europe, IcelandPicrite
DS200712-0167
2007
Chappell, A., Eccles, J., Fletcher, R., Healy, D.Imaging the pulsing Iceland mantle plume through the Eocene.Geology, Vol. 35, 1, pp. 93-96.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0803
2007
Parkin, C.J., Lunnon, Z.C., White, R.S., Christie, P.A.F.Imaging the pulsing Iceland mantle plume through the Eocene.Geology, Vol. 35, 1, Jan. pp. 93-96.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS200712-0824
2006
Peate, D.W., Breddam, K., Baker, J.A., Kurz, M., Grassineau, N., Barker, A.K.Compositional features of enriched Icelandic mantle components.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, In press availableEurope, IcelandGeochemistry
DS200712-1073
2007
Tegner, C., Keays, R., Momme, P., Bernstein, S., Nielsen, T.F.D., Brooks, C.K.Platinum group element enrichment in the North Atlantic Igneous Province testifies to a peridotite Iceland plume.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p.225.Europe, IcelandPicrite
DS200712-1074
2007
Tegner, C., Keays, R., Momme, P., Bernstein, S., Nielsen, T.F.D., Brooks, C.K.Platinum group element enrichment in the North Atlantic Igneous Province testifies to a peridotite Iceland plume.Frontiers in Mineral Sciences 2007, Joint Meeting of Mineralogical societies Held June 26-28, Cambridge, Abstract Volume p.225.Europe, IcelandPicrite
DS200712-1127
2007
Waight, T., Brandon, A.D., Graham, D.W., Gautason, B.Isotopic constraints on picritic magmatism, Iceland.Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms, 1p. abstract p. A1078.Europe, IcelandPicrite
DS200812-0716
2008
Martin, E., Martin, H., Sigmarsson, O.Could Iceland be a modern analogue for the Earth's early continental crust?Terra Nova, Vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 463-468.Europe, IcelandMantle
DS200812-0745
2008
Mihalffy, P., Steinberger, B., Schmeling, H.The effect of the large scale mantle flow field on the Iceland hotspot track.Tectonophysics, Vol. 447, 1-4, pp. 5-18.Europe, IcelandHotspots, plumes
DS200812-1018
2008
Schmeling, H., Marquart, G.Crustal accretion and dynamic feedback on mantle melting of a ridge centred plume: the Iceland case.Tectonophysics, Vol. 447, 1-4, pp. 31-52.Europe, IcelandMelting
DS200812-1065
2008
Sigmundsen, F., Soemundsson, K.Iceland: a window on North Atlantic divergent plate tectonics and geologic processes.Episodes, Vol. 31, 4, pp. 92-97.Europe, IcelandTectonics
DS200812-1115
2008
Staurt, F.M., Basu, S., Ellam, R., Fitton, G., Starkey, N.Is there a hidden primordial 3He rich reservoir in the deep Earth?Goldschmidt Conference 2008, Abstract p.A908.Europe, Iceland, Canada, Baffin IslandChemistry - basalts
DS200812-1173
2008
Tilmann, F.J., Dahm, T.Constraints on crustal and mantle structure of the oceanic plate south of Iceland from ocean bottom recorded Rayleigh waves.Tectonophysics, Vol. 447, 1-4, pp. 66-79.Europe, IcelandTectonics
DM200912-1832
2009
Idex MagazineThe silver lining. Some shoots of economic recovery?Idex Magazine, No. 231, July 1st. 1/2p.Global, Iceland, CanadaNews item - economics
DS201112-0061
2011
Barnhoorn, A., Van der Wal, W., Drury, M.R.Upper mantle viscosity and lithospheric thickness under Iceland.Journal of Geodynamics, Vol. 52, 3-4, pp. 260-270.Europe, IcelandGeophysics - seismics
DS201112-0813
2011
Poore, H., White, N., Maclennan, J.Ocean circulation and mantle melting controlled by radial flow of hot pulses in the Iceland plume.Nature Geoscience, in press availableMantle, Europe, IcelandMelting
DS201212-0835
2012
Zurba, M., Ross, H., Izurieta, A., Rist, P., Bock, E., Berkes, F.Melt inclusions in olivines from early Iceland plume picrites support high 3He/4He in both enriched and depleted mantle.Chemical Geology, Vol. 306-307, pp. 54-62.Europe, IcelandPicrite
DS201412-0729
2014
Reiminik, J.R., Chacko, T., Stern, R.A., Heaman, L.M.Earth's earliest evolved crust generated in an Iceland-like setting.Nature Geoscience, Vol. 7, pp. 529-533.Europe, IcelandMagmatism, upwelling mantle rocks
DS201512-1934
2015
Jenkins, J., Cottaar, S., White, R.S., Deuss, A.Depressed mantle discontinuities beneath Iceland: evidence of a garnet controlled 660 km discontinuity?Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 432, pp. 159-168.Europe, IcelandMantle plume

Abstract: The presence of a mantle plume beneath Iceland has long been hypothesised to explain its high volumes of crustal volcanism. Practical constraints in seismic tomography mean that thin, slow velocity anomalies representative of a mantle plume signature are difficult to image. However it is possible to infer the presence of temperature anomalies at depth from the effect they have on phase transitions in surrounding mantle material. Phase changes in the olivine component of mantle rocks are thought to be responsible for global mantle seismic discontinuities at 410 and 660 km depth, though exact depths are dependent on surrounding temperature conditions. This study uses P to S seismic wave conversions at mantle discontinuities to investigate variation in topography allowing inference of temperature anomalies within the transition zone. We employ a large data set from a wide range of seismic stations across the North Atlantic region and a dense network in Iceland, including over 100 stations run by the University of Cambridge. Data are used to create over 6000 receiver functions. These are converted from time to depth including 3D corrections for variations in crustal thickness and upper mantle velocity heterogeneities, and then stacked based on common conversion points. We find that both the 410 and 660 km discontinuities are depressed under Iceland compared to normal depths in the surrounding region. The depression of 30 km observed on the 410 km discontinuity could be artificially deepened by un-modelled slow anomalies in the correcting velocity model. Adding a slow velocity conduit of ?1.44% reduces the depression to 18 km; in this scenario both the velocity reduction and discontinuity topography reflect a temperature anomaly of 210 K. We find that much larger velocity reductions would be required to remove all depression on the 660 km discontinuity, and therefore correlated discontinuity depressions appear to be a robust feature of the data. While it is not possible to definitively rule out the possibility of uncorrected velocity anomalies causing the observed correlated topography we show that this is unlikely. Instead our preferred interpretation is that the 660 km discontinuity is controlled by a garnet phase transition described by a positive Clapeyron slope, such that depression of the 660 is representative of a hot anomaly at depth.
DS201602-0214
2016
Jenkins, J., Cottaar, S., White, R.S., Deuss, A.Depressed mantle discontinuities beneath Iceland: evidence of a garnet controlled 660 km discontinuity?Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 433, pp. 159-168.Europe, IcelandMantle - 660 km

Abstract: The presence of a mantle plume beneath Iceland has long been hypothesised to explain its high volumes of crustal volcanism. Practical constraints in seismic tomography mean that thin, slow velocity anomalies representative of a mantle plume signature are difficult to image. However it is possible to infer the presence of temperature anomalies at depth from the effect they have on phase transitions in surrounding mantle material. Phase changes in the olivine component of mantle rocks are thought to be responsible for global mantle seismic discontinuities at 410 and 660 km depth, though exact depths are dependent on surrounding temperature conditions. This study uses P to S seismic wave conversions at mantle discontinuities to investigate variation in topography allowing inference of temperature anomalies within the transition zone. We employ a large data set from a wide range of seismic stations across the North Atlantic region and a dense network in Iceland, including over 100 stations run by the University of Cambridge. Data are used to create over 6000 receiver functions. These are converted from time to depth including 3D corrections for variations in crustal thickness and upper mantle velocity heterogeneities, and then stacked based on common conversion points. We find that both the 410 and 660 km discontinuities are depressed under Iceland compared to normal depths in the surrounding region. The depression of 30 km observed on the 410 km discontinuity could be artificially deepened by un-modelled slow anomalies in the correcting velocity model. Adding a slow velocity conduit of ?1.44% reduces the depression to 18 km; in this scenario both the velocity reduction and discontinuity topography reflect a temperature anomaly of 210 K. We find that much larger velocity reductions would be required to remove all depression on the 660 km discontinuity, and therefore correlated discontinuity depressions appear to be a robust feature of the data. While it is not possible to definitively rule out the possibility of uncorrected velocity anomalies causing the observed correlated topography we show that this is unlikely. Instead our preferred interpretation is that the 660 km discontinuity is controlled by a garnet phase transition described by a positive Clapeyron slope, such that depression of the 660 is representative of a hot anomaly at depth.
DS201612-2290
2016
Cook, T.A significantly hotter mantle beneath Iceland.EOS Transaction of AGU, online Nov. 18, 1p.Europe, IcelandMantle

Abstract: Variations in the temperature of the mantle drive its convective circulation, a process that links the deep mantle with the atmosphere and oceans through volcanic and tectonic activity. Because of this connection, effective models of Earth’s evolution must incorporate the planet’s thermal history, for which a crucial constraint is the mantle’s current temperature. Researchers look at chemistry of Iceland’s newly erupted lava to analyze the temperature of the mantle below. A false-color backscatter electron image of an olivine crystal from Borgarhraun, a lava field in northern Iceland. The crystal contains a spinel inclusion, set in a fine-grained crystalline groundmass. The chemistry of these crystals records the temperatures at which they crystallized. The image is approximately 1.5 millimeters wide. Credit: S. Matthews. Because the mantle’s temperature cannot be measured directly, scientists have devised a number of creative methods to derive this information, but these have produced widely varying results. Now Matthews et al. offer new constraints on this parameter beneath Iceland, one of the few places on Earth where a divergent plate boundary is subaerially exposed because of an anomalously large amount of melting occurring beneath the island. Using a recently developed mineral thermometry technique, the researchers found that lava flows from four different eruptions along Iceland’s Northern Volcanic Zone crystallized at substantially higher temperatures (maximum 1399°C) than average mid-ocean ridge samples that have experienced little melting (maximum 1270°C). Next, the team developed a thermal model of mantle melting and used it, along with other observations such as the local thickness of the crust, to quantify the uncertainties in deriving mantle temperatures from their data. Researchers look at chemistry of Iceland’s newly erupted lava to analyze the temperature of the mantle below. An analysis of fresh lavas from Iceland indicates the mantle below the island is much hotter than beneath other locations on divergent plate boundaries. Credit: Terri Cook and Lon Abbott. Their results indicate that the mantle below Iceland is at least 140°C hotter than that beneath average mid-ocean ridges. This outcome should shed light on the factors that control the extent of melting beneath Iceland, including the ongoing debate about whether the voluminous melting is due to a deep mantle plume and, if so, whether changes in its magma production reflect variations in the plume’s temperature.
DS201703-0409
2017
Jackson, M.G., Konter, J.G., Becker, T.W.Primordial helium entrained by the hottest mantle plumes.Nature Geoscience, Jan. 7, 1p. PreviewEurope, IcelandHot spots

Abstract: Helium isotopes provide an important tool for tracing early-Earth, primordial reservoirs that have survived in the planet’s interior1, 2, 3. Volcanic hotspot lavas, like those erupted at Hawaii and Iceland, can host rare, high 3He/4He isotopic ratios (up to 50 times4 the present atmospheric ratio, Ra) compared to the lower 3He/4He ratios identified in mid-ocean-ridge basalts that form by melting the upper mantle (about 8Ra; ref. 5). A long-standing hypothesis maintains that the high-3He/4He domain resides in the deep mantle6, 7, 8, beneath the upper mantle sampled by mid-ocean-ridge basalts, and that buoyantly upwelling plumes from the deep mantle transport high-3He/4He material to the shallow mantle beneath plume-fed hotspots. One problem with this hypothesis is that, while some hotspots have 3He/4He values ranging from low to high, other hotspots exhibit only low 3He/4He ratios. Here we show that, among hotspots suggested to overlie mantle plumes9, 10, those with the highest maximum 3He/4He ratios have high hotspot buoyancy fluxes and overlie regions with seismic low-velocity anomalies in the upper mantle11, unlike plume-fed hotspots with only low maximum 3He/4He ratios. We interpret the relationships between 3He/4He values, hotspot buoyancy flux, and upper-mantle shear wave velocity to mean that hot plumes—which exhibit seismic low-velocity anomalies at depths of 200 kilometres—are more buoyant and entrain both high-3He/4He and low-3He/4He material. In contrast, cooler, less buoyant plumes do not entrain this high-3He/4He material. This can be explained if the high-3He/4He domain is denser than low-3He/4He mantle components hosted in plumes, and if high-3He/4He material is entrained from the deep mantle only by the hottest, most buoyant plumes12. Such a dense, deep-mantle high-3He/4He domain could remain isolated from the convecting mantle13, 14, which may help to explain the preservation of early Hadean (>4.5 billion years ago) geochemical anomalies in lavas sampling this reservoir1, 2, 3.
DS201802-0255
2018
Neave, D.A., Shorttle, O., Oeser, M., Weyer, S., Kobayashi, K.Mantle derived trace element variability in olivines and their melt inclusions.Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 483, 1, pp. 90-104.Europe, Icelandolivines

Abstract: Trace element variability in oceanic basalts is commonly used to constrain the physics of mantle melting and the chemistry of Earth's deep interior. However, the geochemical properties of mantle melts are often overprinted by mixing and crystallisation processes during ascent and storage. Studying primitive melt inclusions offers one solution to this problem, but the fidelity of the melt-inclusion archive to bulk magma chemistry has been repeatedly questioned. To provide a novel check of the melt inclusion record, we present new major and trace element analyses from olivine macrocrysts in the products of two geographically proximal, yet compositionally distinct, primitive eruptions from the Reykjanes Peninsula of Iceland. By combining these macrocryst analyses with new and published melt inclusion analyses we demonstrate that olivines have similar patterns of incompatible trace element (ITE) variability to the inclusions they host, capturing chemical systematics on intra- and inter-eruption scales. ITE variability (element concentrations, ratios, variances and variance ratios) in olivines from the ITE-enriched Stapafell eruption is best accounted for by olivine-dominated fractional crystallisation. In contrast, ITE variability in olivines and inclusions from the ITE-depleted Háleyjabunga eruption cannot be explained by crystallisation alone, and must have originated in the mantle. Compatible trace element (CTE) variability is best described by crystallisation processes in both eruptions. Modest correlations between host and inclusion ITE contents in samples from Háleyjabunga suggest that melt inclusions can be faithful archives of melting and magmatic processes. It also indicates that degrees of ITE enrichment can be estimated from olivines directly when melt inclusion and matrix glass records of geochemical variability are poor or absent. Inter-eruption differences in olivine ITE systematics between Stapafell and Háleyjabunga mirror differences in melt inclusion suites, and confirm that the Stapafell eruption was fed by lower degree melts from greater depths within the melting region than the Háleyjabunga eruption. Although olivine macrocrysts from Stapafell are slightly richer in Ni than those from Háleyjabunga, their overall CTE systematics (e.g., Ni/(Mg/Fe), Fe/Mn and Zn/Fe) are inconsistent with being derived from olivine-free pyroxenites. However, the major element systematics of Icelandic basalts require lithological heterogeneity in their mantle source in the form of Fe-rich and hence fusible domains. We thus conclude that enriched heterogeneities in the Icelandic mantle are composed of modally enriched, yet nonetheless olivine-bearing, lithologies and that olivine CTE contents provide an incomplete record of lithological heterogeneity in the mantle. Modally enriched peridotites may therefore play a more important role in oceanic magma genesis than previously inferred.
DS201806-1252
2018
Sicola, S., Vona, A., Romano, C., Ryan, A.G., Russell, J.K.In-situ high-temperature rheology of pore-bearing magmas. ( obsidian )Geophysical Research , Vol. 20, EGU2018-13349 1p. AbstractIcelandmagmatism

Abstract: Porous rocks represent the products of all explosive volcanic eruptions. As magma ascends to the Earth’s surface, bubbles form as a consequence of the evolving saturation state of volatiles dissolved in the melt. The presence of pores (either filled with pressurized volatiles or not) strongly controls the rheological behaviour of magma and thus influences all volcanic processes (pre- syn- and post-eruptive). Nevertheless, the effects of porosity on the rheology of magma are not well characterised, and a general parameterization is not available yet. Here we present a new set of experiments designed to investigate the rheology of porous melts at high temperature (750-800 C), low strain rates (10^6-10^7 s^-1) and variable porosity. Experiments were performed at 1 atm using a Setaram Setsys vertical dilatometer. The starting materials are 5 x 5 mm cores of natural rhyolitic obsidian from Hrafntinnuhryggur, Krafla, Iceland (vesicle and crystal-free) initially containing 0.11(4) wt% dissolved H2O. The experimental procedure is composed by two steps: 1) synthesis of bubble-bearing materials by heating and expansion due to foaming; 2) deformation of the foamed samples. During the first step, the obsidian cores are heated above the glass transition temperature to 900- 1050 C and held for set amounts of time (2-24 h); the volume of the foamed samples increases because H2O vapour-filled bubbles nucleate and expand. The change in volume (measured by He-pycnometry) is linked to the change in porosity (10-50 vol%). For the second step, two different experimental strategies are employed, hereafter “single-stage” and “doublestage” measurements. Single-stage measurements involve deformation of the samples directly after foaming (without quenching). The sample is cooled down from the foaming T to different target T (750-800 C), a constant load (150 g) is applied by silica or alumina probes to the core, and the cores deform isothermally for 5-20 hours. Conversely, double-stage measurements involve deformation of previously synthesised and quenched pore-bearing cores. In this case the sample is heated up to the target T and deformed under an applied load for similar amount of time (5-20 hours). In both cases, the variation in length (displacement) and volume (porosity) is continuously recorded and used to calculate the viscosity of the foamed cores using Gent’s equations. Preliminary results suggest for single-stage measurements a lower effect of bubbles on the bulk viscosity, compared to double-stage measurements. We suggest that the different behaviour may be related to the different microstructure of the experimental materials. For single-stage measurements, closed and H2O vapour-filled bubbles contribute to the observed higher viscosity, whereas in double-stage measurements, possible gas leaking and melt micro-cracking during quenching are able to weaken the porous material and markedly lower suspension viscosity.
DS202205-0701
2022
Labdidi, J.The origin of nitrogen in Earth's mantle: constraints from basalts 15N/14N and N2/3He ratios.Chemical Geology, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.120780Europe, Iceland, Galapogos, Hawaiibasalts

Abstract: Plate tectonics is thought to be a major driver of volatile redistribution on Earth. The budget of nitrogen in Earth's mantle has been suggested to be almost entirely surface-derived. Recycling would contribute nitrogen with relatively heavy 15N/14N isotope ratios to Earth's mantle. This could explain why the Earth's mantle 15N/14N isotope ratio is substantially higher than both solar gases and chondritic parent bodies akin to enstatite chondrites. Here, published nitrogen isotope data of mid-ocean ridge and ocean island basalts are compiled and used to evaluate the nitrogen subduction hypothesis. Nitrogen isotope ratios are used in conjunction with published N2/3He and K2O/TiO2 ratios on the same basalts. Assuming that 3He is not recycled, N2/3He ratios are argued to trace nitrogen addition to mantle sources via subduction. Various mantle source enrichments for basalts are tracked with K2O/TiO2 ratios: elevated K2O/TiO2 ratios are assumed to primarily reflect the contributions of recycled components in the basalts mantle sources. The main result of our data compilation is that for most basalts, ?15N and N2/3He remain constant across a vast range of K2O/TiO2 ratios. Mid-ocean ridge basalts have ?15N signatures that are lower than air by ~4‰ and an average N2/3He ratio of 3.7 (±1.2) x106 (95% confidence, n = 30). Published ?15N and N2/3He are invariant across K2O/TiO2 ratios that vary over a factor of ~20. Using estimates of slab K2O/TiO2 and [TiO2], the observed invariant ?15N and N2/3He may be fit with slabs containing ~0.1 ppm N. A mass balance shows that adding ~10% recycled slabs to the convective mantle only raises the N2/3He by <5%. Lavas from Iceland, Galapagos and Hawaii have high 3He/4He and 15N/14N ratios relative to the convective mantle. Only seven samples show nitrogen isotopic signatures that are unaffected by air contamination, although those samples are poorly characterized for N2/3He. The seven basalts show ?15N between ?2 and 0‰ that do not vary systematically with K2O/TiO2 ratios that vary over a factor of ~5. The N2/3He ratios of these seven basalts is unknown, but the high 3He/4He mantle may be estimated by combining published N2/36Ar to 3He/36Ar ratios. This yields a N2/3He of 2.3 (±1.2) x 106 (1? uncertainty). This is indistinguishable from the MORB estimate of 3.7 (±1.2) x 106. Invariant ?15N across variable degrees of mantle enrichments and MORB-like N2/3He for the high 3He/4He mantle are not consistent with nitrogen addition to plume sources with elevated 3He/4He ratios. A ?15N between ?2 and 0‰ for plume sources, only marginally higher than MORB, could be a primordial feature of undegassed mantle reservoirs. Nonetheless, nitrogen subduction may have contributed to a specific array of mantle sources, as revealed by the few published data on basalts with low 3He/4He ratios. Lavas from the Society plume with low 3He/4He ratios show an enriched mantle source, and they have elevated ?15N ? +0.5‰ and N2/3He > 107. For those, the addition of slabs with concentrations of ~0.1 ppm N to a mantle source can account for the integrated dataset. To summarize, the published data suggest that nitrogen subduction may explain a sub-set of published N isotope data on basalts, but that N recycling has an overall more limited impact on mantle nitrogen than previously thought.
 
 

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